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\b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid1709254\charrsid5118368 2023-00068
\par 
\par IN THE MATTER OF }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid16330232 \tab \tab         }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid1709254\charrsid5118368 Application to Declare Order of Adoption a }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid16330232 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid1709254\charrsid5118368 ullity
\par Application for Summary Judgment &
\par Order Striking out }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid4865229\charrsid5118368 applicants.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid1709254\charrsid5118368 
\par Application and Costs
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid1709254\charrsid5118368 BETWEEN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid3690028\charrsid5118368 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid3690028\charrsid5118368 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid1709254\charrsid5118368 Fenogatao Suamili &}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid3690028\charrsid5118368  Angela Salt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid1709254\charrsid5118368 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid3690028\charrsid5118368 (Applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid6572417 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid3690028\charrsid5118368 )
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid3690028\charrsid5118368 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid3690028\charrsid5118368 AND
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid3690028\charrsid5118368 
\par Paramoa Family
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid3690028\charrsid5118368 (Respondents)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8587238 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid5587922\charrsid5118368 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8587238 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid5587922\charrsid5118368 Date}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid4865229\charrsid5118368  of Court Hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid5587922\charrsid5118368 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid5587922\charrsid5118368 
 22 March 2024
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid4865229\charrsid5118368 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid4865229\charrsid5118368 Date of Judgment: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid6908696\charrsid6908696 10 May 2024}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid4865229\charrsid5118368 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \f1\kerning0\insrsid5587922 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8587238 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid5587922\charrsid5118368 JUDGMENT OF JU}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid6908696 STICE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid5587922\charrsid5118368  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid6908696 W W }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\kerning0\insrsid5587922\charrsid5118368 ISAAC
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11496440 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af1\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \f1\fs28\kerning0\insrsid5587922 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12918912 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5587922\charrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Introduction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5587922\charrsid12918912 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid5587922\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16737641 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid5587922\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court has before it the following application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid5587922\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid16737641 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid5587922\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
n application to declare an order of adoption made by Chief Justice Stace on 2 October 1962 a nullity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid5587922\charrsid16737641 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n application for summary judgement and an order striking out the application with costs.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [2]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16737641 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The application to declare the adoption order a nullity was made on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368\charrsid16737641 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that at the date of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  2 October 1962}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the statutory provision in force \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 regarding adoption in Niue was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  461 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Cook Island}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Act 1915. Section 461(1) provided that no order of adoption shall be made unless the Court is satisfied that the child to be adopted is under 15 years.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [3]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
At the time of the adoption the child being\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  adopted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Neki Palamoa (Neki)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was 25 years of age}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s the adopt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was made when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Neki was 25 years old it is maintained that the Judge acted ultra vi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 es }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid8262468 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 461 and this Court can set aside the adoption order under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 its}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  inherent jurisdiction. It is further stated that it is in the interest}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  justice and in the public interest}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid14303701\charrsid14303701 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid14303701\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to set aside the order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the public maintains confidence in the Court and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid14303701 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  administration of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10181471 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ustice in Niue.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [4]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12918912 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 pposition to this \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
application comes from Neki\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s family}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ho maintain the nullity application }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 cannot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  succeed because}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid12918912 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1
\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid16737641 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 All parties are entitled to rely upon the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 doption }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rder which has stood for over 60 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12196968 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid16737641 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b)\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The applicants cannot satisfy the requirements of the Fam\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ily Law Code which sets out the requirements to discharge an adoption order.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (c)\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There is no evidence that the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 doption }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6505291\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rder was other than validly made.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid10894469\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1
\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid5118368 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10894469\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court does not have inherent jurisdiction to make the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10894469\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ullity }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10894469\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rder.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10894469\charrsid5118368 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5118368 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10894469\charrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Background}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid15212446\charrsid5118368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid10894469\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [5]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16737641 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10894469\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Neki was born on 2 March 1937}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
. Following his birth he was customarily adopted by Fatai and Meleke and lived with them as a child of the family until his adopt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was formali}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed by the adoption order completed on 2 October 1962.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs38\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\super\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s36\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\f0\super\insrsid12918912\charrsid7413809 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid12918912\charrsid7413809  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912\charrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Court Minute Book}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912\charrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  No. 2
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912\charrsid7413809 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Folio 328 \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  329.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [6]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Neki\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s birth certificate records Fatai and Meleke }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  parents. Neki and Meleke are now both deceased.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [7]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5118368 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid16737641 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid16737641\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 applicant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  father}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid16737641 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Valamaka Meleke}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was the biological child of Fatai and Meleke.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid8476594\charrsid8476594  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid5118368 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5118368 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8476594 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10512437\charrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Submission of the Applicant
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [8]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16737641 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As stated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid14303701 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the applicants seek the annulment of the adoption of Neki Paramoa upon the ground that the Judge granting the adoption acted ultra v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 under s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  461 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Cook Islands Act 1915.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid7625204 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [9]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid7625204 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid7625204 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid3932442 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 set out Niue\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s legal background. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Niu\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e was first incorporated together with all the island
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  forming part of the group as part of the colony of NZ by virtue of the Cook Islands Government Act 1901 (}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he 1901 Act)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [10]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Cook Island}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Act 1915 was enacted by the New Zealand Parliament to make \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
better provisions with respect to the Governments and Laws of the Island incorporated as forming part of New Zealand under the 1901 Act. Also, the phase \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 The Cook Island\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
 was defined under the 1915 Act as including \'93\loch\f0 all the islands and territories situate\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  within the boundary lines set out in schedule.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [11]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Schedule 1 and the boundary }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid16737641\charrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
lines set out in the 1901 Act is the same meaning. The 1915 Act applied to the same islands as the 1901 Act therefore including Niue.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid4865229 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [12]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 The words \'93\loch\f0 but does not include the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 island of Niue\'94\loch\f0 
 were added by s 2(1) of the Cook Islands Amendment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ct 1966 to coincide with the Niue Act 1966. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid16737641 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [13]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Section 461 of the Cook Islands Act 1915, regarding adoptions, provides that:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s30 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid16737641\charrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (1)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s30\qj \fi-363\li1440\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\ilvl3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16737641\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid16737641\charrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
No order of adoption shall be made unless the Court is s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 atisfied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid6118674\charrsid6118674 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 
\endash \loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid16737641\charrsid6118674 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s30 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid16737641\charrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s30\qj \fi-357\li1797\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1797\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\ilvl4\adjustright\rin0\lin1797\itap0\pararsid8323824\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\langfenp1025\insrsid16737641\charrsid6118674 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 That the child to be adopted is under the age of 15 years. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [14]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8323824 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 It is noted that the words \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 21 years\'94\loch\f0  were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 substituted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  for the words \'93\loch\f0 15 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94\loch\f0  by s 15(a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the Cook Islands Amendment Act 1963.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [15]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As a result of the above, 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the applicant submits:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid8323824 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
That s 461 of the Cook Islands Act 1915 applies to Neki Paramoa\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s adoption}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid4213411 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b)\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 That s 461}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid3932442 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  which states that no order of adoption shall be made unless the child is under th
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e age of 15 years, is mandatory and the judge is given no discretion.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (c)\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 At the time of the adoption, Ne}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 k}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8323824 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
i was 25 years old and therefore the Court acted in contradiction of s 461(1)(a) of the 1915 Act.  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [16]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7355858 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
As to the next issue raised by the applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  being whether or not Court has power to annul the adoption order, the applicants rely on the inherent jurisdiction of the Court. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [17]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15755511 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  submit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10181471 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Niuean}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  High Court has inherent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in addition to any other jurisdiction provi
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ded by statue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid3932442 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . In support of this position, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 applicants}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  refer to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858\charrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Tongahai v Kifoto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\lang5129\langfe1025\super\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858\charrsid3932442 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s36\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\f0\super\insrsid7355858\charrsid5118368 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid7355858\charrsid5118368  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid7355858\charrsid12918912 Tongahai v Kifoto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid7355858\charrsid5118368  [2022] NUHC 2; Application 2022-00061 (7 September 2022) at [14]. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809\charrsid7413809 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li720\ri340\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin340\lin720\itap0\pararsid10821709 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809\charrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Finally, Mr Toailoa argues that I can grant an interim injunction pursuant to my inherent jurisdiction. I accept that the Niue High Court has an inherent jurisdiction. However, I cannot exercise that inherent jurisdiction in a way that directly contradict
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  an express statutory provision. To do so would circumvent the intention of Parliament as expressed clearly and unambiguously in legislation. The Court\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s inherent jurisdiction supplements its statutory powers but cannot directly contradict those powers.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [18]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7413809 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In support of this point, the applicants also refer to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6909873 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368\charrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Puletama v Kapaga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809\charrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid6909873\charrsid4213411 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s36\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\f0\super\insrsid6909873\charrsid5118368 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid6909873\charrsid5118368  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid6909873\charrsid12918912 Puletama v Kapaga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid6909873\charrsid5118368  [2011] NUHC 3 (5 July 2011) at [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid10181471 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid6909873\charrsid5118368 1]-[}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid10181471 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid6909873\charrsid5118368 2]. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\super\langfenp1025\insrsid6909873\charrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6909873 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li720\ri340\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin340\lin720\itap0\pararsid10821709 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809\charrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Judicial review is part of the inherent jurisdiction of the High Court. It has been developed by superior Courts t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
o fulfil their supervisory function of administering justice according to law. It is a means to hold those who exercise public power accountable for its exercise, especially when those decisions lie outside the control of the political process.
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Counsel for\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 the respondent acknowledges that the Court has an inherent jurisdiction to uphold principles of natural justice and to deal with judicial reviews. However, counsel for the respondent submits that the Court has no specific power outlined in the Act with r
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
spect to judicial review of a closed electoral roll after the elections. However, judicial review is an inherent jurisdiction, not a statutory right like the right to appeal. Therefore it is of no consequence that the Niue Assembly Act 1966 does not speci
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ically make provision for judicial review of an electoral roll. I can think of no substantial reason why this should not come within the Court's inherent judicial review powers. Of course it would have been preferable that the application came before the 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 lectoral roll was closed, and before the elections. However, I do not consider it a bar that this application came afterward.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid6909873 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [19]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7355858 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6909873 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af304 \ltrch\fcs0 \f304\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6909873 \hich\af304\dbch\af37\loch\f304 \hich\f304  also refer to the M\'e2\loch\f304 
ori Land Court decision of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10889579\charrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Maruera v Te Runanga o Ngati Maru (Taranaki) Trust}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10889579 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , where Judge\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Harvey}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10889579 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  referred to an article by Master Jacob, which stated:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\lang5129\langfe1025\super\langfenp1025\insrsid10889579 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s36\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\f0\super\insrsid10889579\charrsid5118368 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid10889579\charrsid5118368  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid10889579\charrsid12918912 
Maruera v Te Runanga o Ngati Maru (Taranaki) Trust}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid10889579\charrsid5118368  (2018) 385 AOT 7 at [16], citing Jacobs (1970) 23 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid10889579\charrsid7413809 
Current Legal Problems}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid10889579\charrsid5118368  23 at 51}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid10514839 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10889579\charrsid10889579 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7355858 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li720\ri340\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin340\lin720\itap0\pararsid10821709 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10889579\charrsid4213411 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'85\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
the inherent jurisdiction of the Court may be defined as being the reserve or fund of powers, a residual source of powers, which the court may draw upon as necessary whenever it is just or equitable to do so, and in particular, to ensure the observance of
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the due process of law, to prevent improper vexation or oppression, to do justice between the parties and to secure a fair trial between them.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [20]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10889579 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As a result of these authorities, t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10889579 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he applicants submit that they are entitled to have the adoption annulled\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  under the Court\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s inherent jurisdiction and the Court has no discretion to refuse.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [21]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10889579 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he respon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid11216726 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 den}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10889579 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s has argued that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10889579 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to strike out }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 application is an abuse of process }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10889579 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10181471 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nullity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5010379 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  application in that it is a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10181471 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 collateral}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5010379 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  attack on the decision of t
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5010379\charrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Asemaga v Suamili}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5010379 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\lang5129\langfe1025\super\langfenp1025\insrsid5010379 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s36\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs38\f0\super\insrsid5010379\charrsid5118368 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang1036\langfe1033\langnp1036\insrsid5010379\charrsid8587238  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang1036\langfe1033\langnp1036\insrsid5010379\charrsid8587238 
Asemaga v Suamili}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang1036\langfe1033\langnp1036\insrsid5010379\charrsid8587238  [2020] NUHC 15; Application 11345 (17 April 2020)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang1036\langfe1033\langnp1036\insrsid5118368\charrsid8587238 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5010379 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In response to this argument, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5010379 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
he applicants submit that they are not challenging the determination of the Court in that case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10889579 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid5010379 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [22]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5010379 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The applicants say that they have always been concerned with the status of Ne}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 k}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5010379 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 i\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s adoption, especially when the Court found Ne}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 k}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5010379 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 i to be formally adopted. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8665438 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The applicants submit that it was not until 3 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 March}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8665438 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  2023 that copies of Ne}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 k}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8665438 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 i\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s adoption orders were mad\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e available and instructions were received to file the present application.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5010379 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid8665438 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [23]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid8665438 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The applicants maintain their application is well founded and not an abuse of process.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [24]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There was no application for rehearing or appeal of the adoption order.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [25]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  hearing, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  for the applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, Mr Toailoa, confirmed that he was aware of the Niuean legislation to change or cancel an adoption order but chose not to rely on it because he maintains that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 legislation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  does not cover the situation that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 applies}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  his client}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6572417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 .
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [26]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Mr Toailoa says that s 68 deals with cancelling an adoption order because of a mistake of fact, not a mistake of law, as is the case here.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [27]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 oailo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  goes further to say that the Court has an inherent }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2455655 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 overturn any decision that is made, regardless of the timeframe.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12535390 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid2455655 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [28]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2455655 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr Toailoa also submits that there would not be an injustice to the adopted child because he was with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13973339 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2455655 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he family as if legally adopted and also his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 genealogy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2455655 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  would not be affected as it 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 just reverts back to what it was before the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5118368 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 adoption}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2455655 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2455655 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2455655\charrsid5118368 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Submissions for the Respondents
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [29]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2455655 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13973339 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  submit that s 399 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the Cook Island}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1400899 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1400899 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1915 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13973339 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sets out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that no order of the Native Land Court should be invalid because of any error or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 irregularity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  or defect or that the order was made with or without jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid14183661 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . Section 399 sets out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2044337 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2455655 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li720\ri340\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin340\lin720\itap0\pararsid2044337 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs22\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2044337\charrsid10821709 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 399. Validity of orders 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li720\ri340\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin340\lin720\itap0\pararsid10821709 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2044337\charrsid10821709 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (1) No order of [the Land Court] shall be invalid because of any}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2044337 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2044337\charrsid10821709 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 error, irregularity, or defect in the form thereof or in the pra
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ctice or procedure of the Court, even though by reason of that error, irregularity, or defect the order was made without or in excess of jurisdiction.
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (2) Nothing in the foregoing provisions of this section shall apply to any order which in its nature or s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ubstance and independently of its form or of the practice or procedure of the Court was made without or in excess of jurisdiction.
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (3) Every order made by [the Land Court] shall be presumed in all Courts and in all proceedings to have been made within the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
jurisdiction of the Court, unless the contrary is proved or appears on the face of the order.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2044337 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid2044337 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [30]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2455655 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2044337 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Likewise}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13973339 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as per}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  s 53 of the Niue Amendment Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1400899 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  1968}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , no order of the Land Court shall be invalid because of any such error or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 irregularity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid2044337 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li720\ri340\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin340\lin720\itap0\pararsid10821709 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6029650 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13059310\charrsid10821709 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 53 Validity of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 orders
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13059310\charrsid10821709 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
(1) No order of the Land Court shall be invalid because of any error, irregularity, or defect in the form thereof or in the practice or procedure of the Court even though by reason of that error, irregularity, or defect the order was made without or
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in excess of jurisdiction.
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (2) Nothing in subsection (1) shall apply to any order which in its nature or substance and independently of its form or of the practice or procedure of the court was made without or in excess of jurisdiction.
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (3) Every order ma\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 de by the Land Court shall be presumed in all courts and in all proceedings to have been made within the jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13059310 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid12808626 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [31]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2455655 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12808626 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
If the adoption order is annulled, it would be severing genealogy and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13973339 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12808626 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 respondents}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13973339 
\loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12808626 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  submissions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13973339 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12808626 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  all parties were entitle\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d to rely on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13973339 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 order,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12808626 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 and they had relied on it for 60 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13973339 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . Furthermore,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12808626 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  all the adoption order did was legalise a position that had been in place for 25 years. So in effect, if the orders are made it would sever 85 years of family history. It would di\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
senfranchise the respondents, their father, their children and all subsequent generations. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12918912 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid16064346 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [32]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid16064346 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 respondents}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid16064346 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  also submit that the land in question can be traced back to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Fatai
\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid16064346 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ir}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid16064346 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  mother}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid16064346 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   family and in Fatai\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s evidence in on the adoption she said \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 that \'93\loch\f0 it is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid16064346\charrsid16064346 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 my wish that Neki should share in my lands}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid16064346 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  \'85\loch\f0 \hich\f0  we all live in Makafotu at Tamakautoga, and the adoption is well known \'85\loch\f0 \hich\f0  we have only one natural child \'85\loch\f0  I wish my two children }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1917715 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 to share equally in my land Meleke [her husband] has the same wish \'85\loch\f0  I\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 can assure the Court that Valamaka has no objection to this adoption. He has regarded Neki a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1917715 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 brother}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1917715 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 .\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid12808626 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [33]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3090843 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The respondents state that a}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1917715 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n adoption order is a very }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 delicate}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1917715 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 matter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1917715 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 requires }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1917715 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 great care and cannot be lightly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 undone}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1917715 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . Any adoption is \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a complete break for the child from their biological parents and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 servers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1917715 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 all ties to the biological family. Instead it sets up new family relations through the adoptive parents. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid1917715 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [34]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2455655 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1917715 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Neki relied on his adoption his entire life and setting it aside would d\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 eny him his rights to a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid6369920 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 magafaoa}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid14239397 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and any benefits that flowed from that belonging. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid1917715 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid14239397 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [35]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14239397 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid14239397 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The current law is the Family Court code, which at s 36 provides as follows: 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s44\ql \li720\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4213411 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 36. Adoption order may be varied or discharged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 
\line \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 
(1) The Land Court may vary or discharge any adoption order subject to such terms and conditions as it thinks fit, on the application of any adoptive parent or of the adopted child.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 \line 
\line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 (2) The Land Court may, subject to such terms a
nd conditions as it thinks fit, discharge any adoption made in any place outside Niue either before or after 1 November 1969 if }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\cf1\insrsid1400899 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s44\ql \li1000\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1000\itap0\pararsid4213411 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 
(a) The person adopted is living and is domiciled in Niue; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 (b) Every living adoptive parent is domiciled in Niue.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s44\ql \li720\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4213411 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 (3) No 
application for discharge of any adoption shall be made without the prior approval of Cabinet and no adoption order or adoption shall be discharged unless the adoption order was made by mistake as to a material fact in consequence of a material misreprese
ntation to the Land Court or to any person concerned.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 \line \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 
(4) Where the Land Court discharges an adoption order or adoption as aforesaid, it may confer on the person to whom the order or adoption related such surname with such first or Christian name as the La
nd Court thinks fit; but, if it does not do so, the names of the person shall not be affected by the discharge of the order.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16347731\charrsid4213411 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid13073992 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [36]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16347731 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13073992 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is submitted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 by the respondents that }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13073992 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 applicants}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid13073992 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  have not applied under the Family Law Code}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5834231 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 and any application could no\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t succeed because:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid16347731 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid5834231 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid5834231 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5834231 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The applicants have no standing;

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid5834231 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b)\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Neki Pa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5834231 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 amoa and his adoptive parents are deceased;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid5834231 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (c)\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Cabinet has not approved the application; and

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp1025\insrsid5834231 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (d)\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There was no mistake as to a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 material }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 fact.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1025\langfenp1025\insrsid5834231 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [37]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7040223 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As discussed, the adoption }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7413809 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was rais\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed in the 2020 lease decision }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid10049367\charrsid10821709 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Asemaga v Suamili}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 which found that 70 per cent of the lease proceeds be shared between the parties to this proceeding.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The applicants did not appeal the 2020 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, instead they initiated these new proceedings. T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he respo\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ndents maintain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 that the application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 therefore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 an abuse of process}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3090843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5711607 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3090843 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he appli}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5711607 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 cants cannot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  ra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3090843 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e issues for the first time in a new proceeding when the same issues were part of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7413809 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 earlier}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  litigation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5711607 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . If they wanted to dispute the issues,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  they should have raised the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5711607 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 m in the 2020 proceedings,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  but}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5711607 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  they}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  did not do so.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5711607 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [38]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15225535 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5711607 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 To reiterate this point, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he respondents also refer to the decision of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid15225535\charrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suamili v Malietoa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535\charrsid15225535 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 which referred to Pa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 amoa Neki\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s relationship to the land.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\super\insrsid15225535 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s36\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs38\f0\super\insrsid15225535\charrsid3106475 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid15225535\charrsid3106475  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid15225535\charrsid3106475 Suamili v Malietoa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid15225535\charrsid3106475  [2020] NUHC 12; Application No 11304 (17 December 2020)}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Again, the Valamaka family took no issues at that time with the reference to Pa}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 amoa Neki\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s right to deal with the land alongside Mr Valamalea.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535\charrsid15225535 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [39]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In light of these proceedings the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 respondents}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  say th
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e issue is res judicata }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10237650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 because}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  it has been dealt with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10237650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in previous decisions which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the applicants }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
have not appealed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10821709 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Where a party seeks to relitigate the same issue in a different proceeding, it brings the administration of justice into disrepute and is a
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n abuse of process.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\super\insrsid10821709 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s36\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10821709 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs38\f0\super\insrsid10821709\charrsid3106475 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid10821709\charrsid3106475  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid10821709\charrsid15619081 Ashmore v British Coal Corporation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid10821709\charrsid3106475  (1990) 2 All ER 981}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid10821709 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10821709 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 To now challenge by seeking to declare the adoption a nullity is without foundation, improper and an abuse of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7413809 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  process.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15225535 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10049367\charrsid10180408 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [40]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8393178 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367\charrsid10180408 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In relation to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10237650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 applicants\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367\charrsid10180408 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 submissions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10237650 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 regarding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367\charrsid10180408 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nherent jurisdiction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 raised, the respondent submits that inherent jurisdiction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 can only be exercise}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  where the interests of justice require and \hich\f0 
\endash \loch\f0  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid8393178 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10237650 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s necessary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10237650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b)\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Has the aim of avoiding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 injustice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10237650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (c)\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Exists in the absence of expli
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 cit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 statutory}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  regulation.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [41]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8393178 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is submitted that the applicants cannot exercise it because \hich\f0 \endash 
\loch\f0  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid8393178 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There is explicit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 statutory}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 regulation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  about annulling or varying adoption orders set out in the Family Law Code}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10237650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b)\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The application is bought for an ulte
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rior purpose}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10237650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8393178 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (c)\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The exercise of it would create an injustice for the Paramoa family.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1404818 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [42]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8393178 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1404818 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid945213 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Paramoa family refers to the following to support her position:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\super\insrsid5253328 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s36\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid151077 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\f0\super\insrsid5253328\charrsid3106475 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid5253328\charrsid3106475  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid151077\charrsid3106475 
Management Corporation Strata Title Plan No 301 v Lee Tat Development Pte Ltd [2010] SGCA 39 at [9]. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp1033\insrsid6029650\charrsid6029650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8393178 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li720\ri340\sb360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin340\lin720\itap0\pararsid10821709 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid945213\charrsid6369920 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Inherent power should not be used though it were the joker in a pack of cards, possessed of no specific designation and used only when one [does] not ha\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ve the specific card required. The same might be said of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5253328\charrsid6369920 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid945213\charrsid6369920 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 doing justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5253328\charrsid6369920 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid945213\charrsid6369920 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 because one means justice can be another man\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s injustice. \hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 Inherent power\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
 does not mean unlimited power, and if a substantive power to reopen a case on [the] merits is to be given, i\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t must come expressly from the legislature.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid16737641\charrsid6369920 

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5253328 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [43]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5253328 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5253328 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 So}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5253328 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10237650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 applicants\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5253328 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 inability to satisfy the legislative requirements does not satisfy the test for the Court to exercise its inherent jurisdiction. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16737641 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5253328 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5253328\charrsid6369920 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Discussion 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14096313 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [44]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5253328 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14096313 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The issues to \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 determine in this case are as follows:
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5253328 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14096313 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid14096313 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14096313 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Does the Court have jurisdiction to grant the nullity application?

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14096313 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b)\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
If it does have jurisdiction, should the nullity application be granted?
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14096313 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14096313\charrsid10821709 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Does the Court have jurisdiction to grant the nullity application?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14096313 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [45]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14096313 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14096313 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Section 36 of the Family Code of Niue }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 provide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10237650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14096313 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 jurisdiction to the High Court to consider an application to discharge an adoption order.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14096313 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [46]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The relevant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 provisions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14096313 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of s 36 state:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14096313\charrsid6369920 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (3)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s35\qj \fi-1080\li1800\ri340\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls23\adjustright\rin340\lin1800\itap0\pararsid1400899 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid14096313\charrsid6369920 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The Land Court may vary or discharge any adoption order subject to s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 uch terms and conditions as it thinks fit, on the application of any adoptive parent or of the adopted child.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li720\ri340\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin340\lin720\itap0\pararsid10821709 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid14096313\charrsid6369920 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'85

\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (3) No application for discharge of any adoption shall be made without the prior approval of Cabinet and no adoption order or adoption shall be \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
discharged unless the adoption order was made by mistake as to a material fact in consequence of a material misrepresentation to the Land Court or to any person concerned.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14096313 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [47]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14096313 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14096313 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 None of the conditions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2293907 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 set out in s 36 have been met. In particular, the applic\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ation has not been made by the adoptive parent or the adopted child,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2293907 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Cabinet }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10237650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 has not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 approved}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2293907 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the discharge and there is no mistake as to a material fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  as }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 eki\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s age was disclosed at the time of adoption.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10512437 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [48]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As the statutory provisions of s 36 have not\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  been satisfied, on its face the adoption should be dismissed.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid9442417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [49]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9442417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Even if the provision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1400899 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9442417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1400899 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9442417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f s 36 had been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1400899 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 satisfied}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9442417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, then s 53 of the Niue Amendment Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1400899 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1968 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9442417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
confirms that no order of the Land Court shall be invalid because of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1400899 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9442417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  error or irregularity. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid9442417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [50]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10821709 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9442417 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Notwithstanding these express statutory provisions, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10237650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 maintained that the current legislation does not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 apply and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  relied on the inherent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of this Court to cancel the adoption order.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Thus the question arises as to whether or not\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Court ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the inherent jurisdiction to grant the nullity application?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [51]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10818632 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The short answer to this question is no.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [52]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in question was made on 2 October 1962. It formalised a customary adoption that has been in place for 25 years, and it r
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 emained }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 unchallenged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  for 62 years.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [53]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
So there was no application to rehear the adoption}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and there was no appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that order. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10818632 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [54]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Further, as set out above, the express statutory provisions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2836473 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 relating}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15154634 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 to the discharge of an adoption order have no\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2836473 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15154634 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  used and if the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2836473 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15154634 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
relied upon, would fail.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10818632 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid15154634 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [55]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2515327 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15154634 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As pointed out by the respondent, relying on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid151077\charrsid151077 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Management Corporation Strata Title Plan No 301 v Lee Tat Development Pte Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid151077 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid151077 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  \'93\lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6447593\charrsid945213 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Inherent power}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid151077 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6447593\charrsid945213 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  should not be used though it were the joker in a pack of cards, possessed of no specific designation and used only when one }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6447593 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6447593\charrsid945213 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 does}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6447593 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6447593\charrsid945213 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  not have the specific card required.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid151077 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp1033\insrsid6029650\charrsid6029650 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15154634 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6447593 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [56]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1839776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6447593 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As stated above, there is the specific card available in that there is express s
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 tatutory power to discharge. Therefore, in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2311483 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 presence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6447593 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 of this specific jurisdiction the applicant cannot rely on the Court\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s inherent jurisdiction. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6102986 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [57]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6102986 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Also, to do so }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1528931 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 would render the provisions relation to rehearing and appeals}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid207070 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  essentially meaningless
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and it would have the same effect on the express provisions relating to the discharge of the adoption order. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid207070 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [58]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The applicant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s reliance on the Court\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s inherent jurisdiction in these circumstances is akin to an abuse of Court process, procedure and tim\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid207070 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [59]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Also, this application, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 whichever}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid207070 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 way you look at it is no more than an attempt to determine who should benefit from the proceeds of land leased by the Mata}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10049367 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid207070 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ai resort and those entitled to the proceeds of payments under that lease.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid207070 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [60]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 These matte\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
rs were the subject of a Court decision in 2020 and have not been appealed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16341731 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid207070 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
his challenge to the adoption order is an attempt to undermine that process and decision and relitigate it through another }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 procedure}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid207070 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid207070 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [61]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 These actions by the applicant are also
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  akin to an abuse of Court process.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid207070 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid207070\charrsid13978342 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Decision
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid207070 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [62]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s35\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid207070 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid207070 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 For the reasons set out above, the application is dismissed.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s35 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\kerning1\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid207070 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [63]\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid207070 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4213411 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 invited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid207070 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to file submissions as to costs within 21 days with the applicant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s response within 21 days of receipt of the appl\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 icant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s submissions. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1528931 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6102986 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6908696 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\kerning2\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6908696 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6908696 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6908696\charrsid5703615 
Dated at Gisborne, New Zealand this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6908696 10th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6908696\charrsid5703615  day of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6908696 May}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6908696\charrsid5703615  202}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6908696 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6908696\charrsid5703615 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6908696 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6908696\charrsid5703615 
\par 
\par 
\par 
\par _____________ }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6908696\charrsid5703615 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6908696\charrsid5703615 W W Isaac
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6908696\charrsid5703615 JUSTICE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \f1\kerning0\insrsid1709254 {\*\bkmkend _Hlk506285048}
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