{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch37\stshfloch37\stshfhich37\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f1\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604020202020204}Arial;}
{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}{\f35\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset128\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604020202020204}Arial Unicode MS;}{\f37\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}
{\f38\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604030504040204}Tahoma;}{\f250\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset128\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604020202020204}@Arial Unicode MS;}
{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f533\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\f534\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\f536\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f537\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f538\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\f539\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\f540\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f541\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\f543\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Arial CE;}
{\f544\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Arial Cyr;}{\f546\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Arial Greek;}{\f547\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Arial Tur;}{\f548\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Arial (Hebrew);}
{\f549\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Arial (Arabic);}{\f550\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Arial Baltic;}{\f551\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Arial (Vietnamese);}{\f873\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}
{\f874\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}{\f876\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f877\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f880\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}
{\f881\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}{\f885\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS Western;}{\f883\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS CE;}{\f884\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS Cyr;}
{\f886\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS Greek;}{\f887\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS Tur;}{\f888\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS (Hebrew);}
{\f889\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS (Arabic);}{\f890\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS Baltic;}{\f891\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS (Vietnamese);}
{\f892\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS (Thai);}{\f903\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\f904\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\f906\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}
{\f907\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\f910\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\f911\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\f913\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Tahoma CE;}
{\f914\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Tahoma Cyr;}{\f916\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Tahoma Greek;}{\f917\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Tahoma Tur;}{\f918\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Tahoma (Hebrew);}
{\f919\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Tahoma (Arabic);}{\f920\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Tahoma Baltic;}{\f921\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Tahoma (Vietnamese);}{\f922\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 Tahoma (Thai);}
{\f3035\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Western;}{\f3033\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS CE;}{\f3034\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Cyr;}{\f3036\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Greek;}
{\f3037\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Tur;}{\f3038\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS (Hebrew);}{\f3039\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS (Arabic);}
{\f3040\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Baltic;}{\f3041\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS (Vietnamese);}{\f3042\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS (Thai);}
{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}
{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}
{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}
{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;
\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;\red255\green255\blue255;\red33\green33\blue33;}{\*\defchp \loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37 }{\*\defpap 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 }\noqfpromote {\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 \sqformat \spriority0 \styrsid16268086 Normal;}{
\s3\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs27\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs27\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext3 \slink17 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid4332564 heading 3;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden \sunhideused \spriority1 Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext11 \ssemihidden \sunhideused 
Normal Table;}{\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 \sqformat \spriority0 \styrsid16268086 Colorful List - Accent 11;}{\*\cs16 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid16268086 apple-converted-space;}{\*\cs17 \additive \b\f0\fs27 \slink3 \slocked \spriority9 \styrsid4332564 Heading 3 Char;}{\*\cs18 \additive \ul\cf2 \sunhideused \styrsid3427147 Hyperlink;}{\*\cs19 \additive \i 
\sqformat \spriority20 \styrsid3427147 Emphasis;}{\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext20 \slink21 \sunhideused \styrsid6384817 footnote text;}{\*\cs21 \additive \fs20 \slink20 \slocked \styrsid6384817 Footnote Text Char;}{\*\cs22 
\additive \super \sunhideused \styrsid6384817 footnote reference;}{\*\cs23 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid6384817 searchterm;}{\*\cs24 \additive \fs16 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid16385918 
annotation reference;}{\s25\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext25 \slink26 \sunhideused \styrsid16385918 annotation text;}{\*\cs26 \additive \fs20 \slink25 \slocked \styrsid16385918 Comment Text Char;}{\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon25 \snext25 \slink28 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid16385918 annotation subject;}{\*\cs28 \additive \b\fs20 
\slink27 \slocked \ssemihidden \styrsid16385918 Comment Subject Char;}{\s29\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs16\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs16\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f38\hich\af38\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext29 \slink30 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid16385918 Balloon Text;}{\*\cs30 \additive \f38\fs16 \slink29 \slocked \ssemihidden \styrsid16385918 
Balloon Text Char;}{\s31\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\box\brdrsh\brdrart192\brdrw637\brsp620\brdrcf17\brdrframe1 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\rtlgutter\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 \snext31 \spriority0 \styrsid10899644 Body A;}{\s32\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\box\brdrsh\brdrart192\brdrw637\brsp620\brdrcf17\brdrframe1 
\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\rtlgutter\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af35\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f0\hich\af35\dbch\af35\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 \snext32 \spriority0 \styrsid410703 Body;}
{\*\cs35 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid9786268 co_searchterm;}{\*\cs36 \additive \b \sqformat \spriority22 \styrsid3153676 Strong;}{\s37\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext37 \slink38 \sunhideused \styrsid10159823 header;}{\*\cs38 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \slink37 \slocked \styrsid10159823 Header Char;}{\s39\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext39 \slink40 \sunhideused \styrsid10159823 footer;}{\*\cs40 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \slink39 \slocked \styrsid10159823 Footer Char;}{\*\cs41 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid1320209 co_highlightpoints;}{\*\cs42 \additive \ul\cf12 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid10109765 FollowedHyperlink;}{\s43\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext43 \sqformat \spriority34 \styrsid10295535 List Paragraph;}{\s44\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext44 \shidden \spriority71 \styrsid14757419 Revision;}{\s45\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink46 \sqformat \spriority29 \styrsid16611773 Quote;}{\*\cs46 \additive \i\fs22\cf1 
\slink45 \slocked \spriority29 \styrsid16611773 Quote Char;}{\*\cs48 \additive \spriority0 \styrsid13442445 co_starpage;}}{\*\listtable{\list\listtemplateid-1451985160{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat4
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\up0\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af0 \fi-303\li663\jclisttab\tx663\lin663 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\up0\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\up0\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af0 \fi-296\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\up0\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\up0\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2
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\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\up0\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }
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{\subject People v. Taisacan, CRA17-006}{\author Supreme Court of Guam}{\operator Gloria J. Duenas-Cruz}{\creatim\yr2018\mo12\dy31\hr16\min52}{\revtim\yr2018\mo12\dy31\hr16\min52}{\printim\yr2018\mo12\dy21\hr13\min45}{\version2}{\edmins0}{\nofpages22}
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\par IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM
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\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 PEOPLE OF GUAM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 ,
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Plaintiff-Appellee,
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 v.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6819208 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs27\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs27\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid13442445 BADOBINO SABLAN TAISACAN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 ,
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6819208 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9571954\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Defendant-Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11351049\charrsid9720777 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 
\par 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Supreme Court Case No.:  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6575541\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 CRA1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 7}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10968147\charrsid9720777 -00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Superior Court Case No.:  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445 CF0005-16}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 
\par 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6819208 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs27\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs27\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 OPINION
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6819208 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14291816 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\insrsid9899107 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Filed:  December 21, 201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\insrsid5979704 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs28\insrsid9899107\charrsid9899107 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Cite as: 201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Guam }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\insrsid14567097 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs28\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Argued and submitted on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 February 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10968147\charrsid9720777 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10968147\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Hag\'e5\loch\f0 \hich\f0 t\'f1\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14291816 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445 
\par 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid11142970\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788 \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788 \cellx9468
\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid11142970 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13442445\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Appearing for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Defendant-Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13442445\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s32\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\box\brdrsh\brdrart192\brdrw637\brsp620\brdrcf17\brdrframe1 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\rtlgutter\pararsid11142970 \rtlch\fcs1 \af35\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af35\dbch\af35\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Peter C. Perez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\hich\af0\insrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Law \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Office of Peter C. Perez
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 238 Archbishop Flores St., Ste. 802
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Hag\'e5\loch\f0 \hich\f0 t\'f1\loch\f0 a, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid11955723 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 GU}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  96910}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid12876498 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\hich\af0\insrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\hich\af0\insrsid876781\charrsid9720777 \cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid11142970 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13442445\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Appearing for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Plaintiff-Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13442445\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s32\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\box\brdrsh\brdrart192\brdrw637\brsp620\brdrcf17\brdrframe1 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\rtlgutter\pararsid11142970 \rtlch\fcs1 \af35\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af35\dbch\af35\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Jeremy S. Kemper}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\hich\af0\insrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Assistant Attorney General }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Office of the Attorney General}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Prosecution Division}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 590 S. Marine Corps Dr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid11955723 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 , Ste. 706 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s32\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\box\brdrsh\brdrart192\brdrw637\brsp620\brdrcf17\brdrframe1 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\rtlgutter\pararsid11955723 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Tamuning, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid11955723 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 GU}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid15889977 
\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  96913}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid9720777 \cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13442445\charrsid9720777 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow
\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid11142970\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788 \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788 \cellx9468\row }\pard \ltrpar
\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6819208 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9720777 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14291816 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13921743\charrsid9720777 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s32\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\box\brdrsh\brdrart192\brdrw637\brsp620\brdrcf17\brdrframe1 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\rtlgutter\itap0\pararsid13442445 \rtlch\fcs1 \af35\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af35\dbch\af35\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\hich\af0\insrsid10630872 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid12876498 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 BEFORE: KATHERINE A. MARAMAN, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Chief}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid12876498 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid12876498 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 F. PHILI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 P CARBULLIDO, Associate Justice;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid12876498 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  ROBERT J. TORRES, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Associate Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid12876498 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid9720777 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13442445 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9720777 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10102234 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 CARBULLID}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2890586 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid12530484 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , J.:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9720777 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s32\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\box\brdrsh\brdrart192\brdrw637\brsp620\brdrcf17\brdrframe1 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\rtlgutter\itap0\pararsid9859384 \rtlch\fcs1 \af35\afs24\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af35\dbch\af35\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\insrsid13442445\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid9859384 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Appellant Badobino Sablan Taisacan appeals from the Judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3044339 
\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 convicting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid4159476 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 on two counts of Burglary (as a Second Degree Felony), one count of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid14490161 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Felony Vehicle Identification }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 
(as a Third Degree Felony), one count of Theft of Property (as a Third Degree Felony), and one count of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid14490161 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Theft of Property }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 (as a Misdemeanor).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3044339\charrsid3044339 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Taisacan raises\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 
 three general arguments.  First, he asserts that the handwritten interlineations in the superseding indictment denied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\hich\af0\noproof\insrsid3044339\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 him}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3044339\charrsid3044339 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  statutory and due process rights.  Second, Taisacan argues that there was insufficient evidence to convict him on each of the five co
\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 unts contained in the superseding indictment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  and that there were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid6958067 
\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  material variance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 
 between the superseding indictment and the facts alleged at trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3044339\charrsid3044339 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 .  Third, he claims that the trial court\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 \hich\f0 
s use of the word \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 promising\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0  instead of \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 promoting\'94\loch\f0  in instructin\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 g the jury on the elements of burglary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1024\langfe1024\hich\af0\noproof\insrsid3044339\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3044339\charrsid3044339 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  plain error warranting reversal.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 For the reasons discussed below, we affirm his conviction on all counts.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\hich\af0\dbch\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s32\qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\box\brdrsh\brdrart192\brdrw637\brsp620\brdrcf17\brdrframe1 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\rtlgutter\itap0\pararsid10440962 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf0\lang1024\langfe1024\hich\af0\noproof\insrsid6056609\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf0\hich\af0\insrsid6056609\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf0\hich\af0\insrsid14291816\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf0\hich\af0\insrsid16268086\charrsid9720777 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859384 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
was indicted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in connection with two reported burglaries occurring on September 3, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2013}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid11955723 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and December 25, 2013.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4159476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 initial indictment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4159476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  charged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Taisacan with five separate counts of burglary.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid11955723 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Three of these counts related to the September break-in.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid11955723 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The indictment ide\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ntified the properties alleged to have been burglarized in relation to this }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 incident as (i) \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 V. Pachinko in the Cinema building, Tamuning, Guam\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
; (ii) \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 New V Game Room in the Cinema building, Tamuning, Guam\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ; and (iii) \'93\loch\f0 Uncle Paul\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Noodle House in the Cin\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
ema building, Tamuning, Guam.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2687365\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
RA, tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2687365\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2687365\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  at }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2687365 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2687365\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (Indictment, Jan. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2687365 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8, 2016).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   The two remaining burglary counts related to the December burglary.  Taisacan }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was charged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
\hich\f0  in these counts with burglarizing \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Kaeo Tavern in the Cinema building, Tamuning, Guam\'94\loch\f0  and\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 White Dry Cleaners in the Cinema building, Tamuning, Guam.\'94
\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 3.  The initial indictment also charged two counts of theft of property\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 one count related to each of the September and December burglaries\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 
and one count of felony vehicle identification, which resulted from observations of the Guam Police Department and \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 dmissions made by Taisacan during his arrest. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13442445 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Three days }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1587040\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 before}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13517506 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 the People obtained a superseding indictment.  The superseding indictment continued to charge Taisacan with one count of Felony Vehicle Identification (as a Third Degree Felony) an\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
d two counts of Theft of Property (as a Third Degree Felony).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 However}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 the superseding indictment charged only two counts of Burglary (as a Second Degree Felony), instead of the original five counts charged in the initial indictment.  The superseding indi\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
ctment charged that Taisacan had burglarized \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 the Cinema Arcade, Tamuning, Guam\'94\loch\f0  on both September 3, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2013}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13517506 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and December 25, 2013.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2687365\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2687365\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2687365\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  RA, tab 49 (Superseding Indictment, May 13, 2016)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   In a handwritten notation on the superseding indictment, initialed b\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 y the prosecutor, the word \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Arcade\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
 was crossed off and replaced with \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Arcade Building\'94\loch\f0  on both counts of burglary.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   There is no indication in the record whether this alteration was made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1587040\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 before}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  or after the grand jury returned its }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 true}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 bill on the sup\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 erseding indictment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid144207 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , but the version filed on the docket on May 13, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid144207\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2016}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1587040 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid144207 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid144207\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 clearly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid144207 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  contained the handwritten interlineation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid144207 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   J}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ury selection was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid144207 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 initially }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 set to begin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid144207 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on May 16}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10182304 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid144207 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Instead of proceeding with jury selection, however, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4159476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the court arraigned \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid144207 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on the superseding indictment.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan did not object to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 substance of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 superseding indictment, or to the specific handwritten alteration, 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid144207 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at that time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 started with jury selection and opening statements three days later.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 P\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rior to}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the jurors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 being sworn}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , during a discussion of preliminary matters, the court indicated that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid144207 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  would read the superseding indictment to the jurors and asked: \'93\loch\f0 And the amendment here is 
\hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 Cinema Arcade Building\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 \hich\f0 ; is that right?\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5453091 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Transcri}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6559703 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 pts (\'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Tr.\'94\loch\f0 )\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  at 4 (Jury Trial \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  Day}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5453091 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  1, May 19, 2016).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0   The People responded by stating: \'93\loch\f0 Yes.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I probably shouldn\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 t have messed with it, but when I was listening to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 superceding [sic] testimony, they called it \hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 Cinema building,\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  and when my investigator spoke with 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the owners, they called it \hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 Cinema Arcade,\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  so I just interlineated \hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 building,\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  and made it \hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 
Cinema Arcade Building,\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 \hich\f0  just to be clear.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12543651 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Taisacan did not object at this time, and the jurors were then sworn in. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1717793 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859384 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Among the prosecution\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s key witness\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 es was Freddy }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , who was Taisacan
\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s co-defendant turned cooperating witness.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  testified that he burglarized the Cinema Plaza building on September 3, 2013, with the help of Taisacan and a third accomplice, Darre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 l}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 l Muna.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  also testi\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
fied that he and Taisacan again burglarized the building in December 2013.  According to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 testimony, and contrary to the facts alleged in the superseding indictment, Muna }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was not involved}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in the December incident. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13442445 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
After the People rested their case, Taisacan moved for a judgment of acquittal.  The court denied Taisacan\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s motion. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Following the close of evidence, the court and parties convened to discuss the jury instructions.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In the written jury instructions, t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he trial court listed the third and fourth elements of the offense of burglary as fol}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 lows: \'93\loch\f0 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6559703 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Did, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2514155 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 with the intentio}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid10640045 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 promising}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  or assisting in the commission of burglary; 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6559703 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Induce or aid each other to enter or surreptitiously remain in a building, th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 at is, the Cinema Arcade Building, Tamuning, Guam.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0   RA, tab 60 at 50 \'b6\loch\f0 \hich\f0  6A, 51 \'b6\loch\f0  6B (Jury Instr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6559703 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , May 25, 2016) (emphasis added).  These instructions were read verbatim to the jury.  Taisacan did not object to these instructions at either the charging con
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ference or when the instructions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 were read}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to the jury.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859384 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In addition to the jury instruction regarding the elements of the crime}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4159476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of burglary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , the court also included a jury instruction regarding \'93
\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Guilt Established By Complicity.\'94\loch\f0   Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  51 (Jury Trial, May 25, 2016); RA, tab 60 at 41 \'b6\loch\f0  5E (Jury }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6559703\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Instr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6559703 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
, May 25, 2016).  This paragraph of the jury instructions stated, in part: \'93\loch\f0 A person is guilty of an offense if, with the intention of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 promoting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  or assisting in the commission of the offens\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
e, he induces or aids another person to commit the offense.\'94\loch\f0   Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  53 (Jury Trial, May 25, 2016) (emphasis added).  Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e People made clear throughout their}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  closing statement that their theory of burglary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1587040 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was based}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on the concept of complicity.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12329884\charrsid12329884 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14564369 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Both the o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
riginal and superseding indictments also p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rovided }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14564369 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Taisacan notice of this theory, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 as both specifically reference 9 GCA \'a7\loch\f0  4.60, which is the statutory basis }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  accomplice liability }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 under Guam law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13442445 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The jury returned a g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 uilty verdict on two counts of B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 urglary (as a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Second D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 egree }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid10640045 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Felony), one count of F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 elony }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 V}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ehicle }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
dentification (as a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hird }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 egree }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid1717793 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Felony), one count of T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 heft of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 roperty (as a }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hird }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 egree }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 elony), and one count of the lesser-included offense of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 heft of }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12329884\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Property (as a M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 isdemeanor).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   The court sentenced Taisacan to serve five years on each count of burglary, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4159476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 each sentence to run consecutively.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In addition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, the court sentenced Taisacan to serve three years on the count of felony vehicle identification, five years on the felony c\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ount of theft of property, and one year on the misdemeanor count of theft of property, all of which run concurrently with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13971280 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sentence imposed for the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  two counts of burglary.  After entry of judgment, this appeal timely followed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9720777 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6819208 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15887867\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 II.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15492142\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 JURISDICTION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid16268086\charrsid9720777 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s32\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\box\brdrsh\brdrart192\brdrw637\brsp620\brdrcf17\brdrframe1 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\rtlgutter\itap0\pararsid9859384 \rtlch\fcs1 \af35\afs24\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af35\dbch\af35\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid6167910 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 This court has jurisdiction over appeals from a final judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  of conviction rendered in the Superior Court of Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid6167910 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 \hich\f0 .  48 U.S.C.A. \'a7\loch\f0 
 1424-1(a)(2) (Westlaw through Pub. L. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid1667847\charrsid1667847 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 115-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid11032478 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 231}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid11032478\charrsid1667847 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid1667847\charrsid1667847 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 (2018)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid13442445\charrsid6167910 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ); 7 GCA \'a7\'a7\loch\f0 \hich\f0  3107(b), 3108(a) (2005); 8 GCA \'a7\'a7\loch\f0  130.10, 130.15(a) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf0\hich\af0\dbch\af0\insrsid554859\charrsid9720777 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid621 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13726538\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid7627017 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 II}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13726538\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15492142\charrsid9720777 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ANALYSIS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid16268086\charrsid9720777 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-432\li432\ri0\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin432\itap0\pararsid14116259 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid16259848 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8940575 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12329884\charrsid12329884 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan Waived His Right to Object to Any Defect in the Superseding Indictment }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13373731 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12329884\charrsid12329884 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 y Failing to Raise This Issue }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Before}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12329884\charrsid12329884 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Trial
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501397 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [11]}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 The \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
failure to raise objections to defects in the indictment or institution of the prosecution in a timely fashion, without good cause, precludes appellate review.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. White}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2005 Guam 20 \'b6\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3090877\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3090877 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also People v. Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2007 Guam 3 \'b6\loch\f0 \hich\f0  51 (\'93\loch\f0 [O]nly ce\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rtain objections to an indictment may }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 be made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  for the first time on appeal.\'94
\loch\f0 ).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This rule is based}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  upon Guam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s criminal procedure law, which provides}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid11278310 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , in relevant part:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid1510245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid11278310 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid10640045 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he following }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 shall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  be raised prior to trial: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid11278310 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid1510245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a) Defenses and objections based on defects in the institution of the prosecution; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid11278310 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b) Defenses and objections based on defects in the indic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid16123052 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 tment, information or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid16123052\charrsid6366426 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 complaint}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6366426\charrsid6366426 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid6366426\charrsid6366426 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
(other than that it fails to show jurisdiction in the court or to charge an offen\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 se\~which objections shall be noticed by the court at any time during the pendency of the proceedings)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid16123052\charrsid6366426 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid11278310 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501397 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid6366426 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 8 GCA \'a7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  65.15(a)-(b) (2005) (emphasis added).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11278310 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Additionally, 8 GCA \'a7\loch\f0  65.45 provides:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid1510245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Failure by a party to raise defenses or objections or to make requests which must be made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 prior to}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  trial, at the time set by the court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 pursuant to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  \'a7\loch\f0  65.15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3090877 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , or prior to any extension thereof made by the court, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 shall constitute a waiver thereof, but the cour
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t for cause shown may grant relief from the waiver.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11278310 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501397 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 8 GCA \'a7
\loch\f0  65.45}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11278310 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (2005)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also People v. Jones}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2006 Guam 13 \'b6\loch\f0 
\hich\f0  10 (\'93\loch\f0 Generally, objections to the indictment should be made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 prior to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  trial; such failure to object constitutes a waiver in the absence of a \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 showing by the defendant of good cause.\'94\loch\f0  (}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid872090 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid872090 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 White}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid872090 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2005 Guam 20 \'b6\loch\f0  14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )).  The People argue that these provisions bar Taisacan\hich\f0 \rquote 
\loch\f0 s appeal because he failed to appropriately object to the handwritten alteration on the superseding indictment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
prior to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  trial.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Appellee\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Br. at 6-7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366426 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (Nov. 22, 2017)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  Taisacan argues }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3090877 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14442904 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 waiver }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3090877 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 does not apply here because}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  he was \'93\loch\f0 denied the opportunity to object to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 amendment\'94\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3090877 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
due to the People\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s failure to make an application to amend the indictment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  Appellant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Reply 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Br. at 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366426 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (Dec. 6, 2017)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1717793 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [12]}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12329884 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 We have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  previously stated that exceptions to this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3090877 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 waiver rule}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  are \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 limited,\'94\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2007 Guam 3 \'b6\loch\f0  51, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12329884 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 we have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  never before found }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 good}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  cause to excuse the delay in objecting to an indictment.  The superseding indictment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2495286 ,
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in this case,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12329884 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was issued}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on May 13, 2016, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 RA, tab 49 (Superseding Indictment),}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and Taisacan received notice of it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2495286\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 before}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the beginning of jury selection, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12329884 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 RA, tab 50 (Penal Summons, May 13, 2016); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid12329884 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  2 (Pre-trial Hr\hich\f0 
\rquote \loch\f0 g, May 16, 2016).  At the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  pr\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e-trial hearing on May 16, 2016\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 
and before jury selection commenced\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 Taisacan did not object to the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3090877 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  handwritten interlineation on the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  indictment.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  2-3, 20-21 (Pre-trial Hr\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 g).  Taisacan argues that because no motion was made to amend the indictme\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2495286\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 before}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  trial, he }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 could }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2495286\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 not}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  object.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Appellant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Br. at 3-4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366426 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (Oct. 23, 2017)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  He had ample opportunity to object, however, when he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was arraigned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 on the superseding indictment.  Taisacan has not alleged that he was unaware of the handwritten notation at his arraignment or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 prior to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 trial.  A review of the record indicates that the superseding indictment filed in the Superior Court on May 13, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2016}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid14155803 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  c\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ontained the handwritten alteration.  It is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the case that Taisacan received a copy of the superseding indictment, was arraigned on that indictment, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 then}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the People unilaterally made handwritten amendments.  After his arraignment, when the court rai\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 se}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11148832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  this issue }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sponte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7364729 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 prior to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the jurors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 being sworn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7364729 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan still did not object.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6366426 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  4-7 (Jury Trial, May 19}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 2016).  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859384 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid10047815\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 We have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  previously found that the time restrictions set forth for objecting to an indictment in 8 GCA \'a7\loch\f0  65.15 should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 be strictly adhered to because}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3941175 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  under a more permissive posture}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid14155803 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  \'93\loch\f0 there would be little incentive to comply with its terms when a successful attac\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 k might simply result in a new indictment prior to trial\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0  and \'93\loch\f0 [s]trong tactical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid10640045 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 considerations\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0  otherwise \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 militate in favor of delaying the raising of the claim.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 White}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 , 2005 Guam 20 \'b6\loch\f0  16 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Davis v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 United}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  States}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 411 U.S. 233, 241 (1973)).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7364729 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 We s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ee no reason to deviate from this reasoning on the facts of this case.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8863659 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at least two opportunities}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to object}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16327796 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on the record\hich\f0 \emdash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8863659 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 once }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7364729 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 during his arraignment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 and at least once more, on a separate day, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 prior to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the jury being sworn in.  On these facts, Taisacan has not established good cause to excuse his failure to object.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See People v. Mesa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , Crim. No. 89-00161A,\~1990 WL 320355, at *}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2301976 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2301976\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (D. Guam App. Div. Oct. 24, 1990) (finding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 trial}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  court erred in not holding \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that defendant had waived post-trial objection to indictment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366426 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 by failing to raise }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 prior to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 trial).  He has therefore waived this issue for purposes of appellate review.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See State v. Miller}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 757 So. 2d 744, 746 (La. Ct. App. 2000) (where a name on bil\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
l of information was crossed off and defendant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s real name was handwritten, holding defendant waived objection}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid10640045 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid14116259 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Cridiso v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 956 So. 2d }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid14116259 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 281,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  286-87}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid14116259 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 (Miss. Ct. App. 2006)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  (\'93\loch\f0 The change of the specific name of the store from \hich\f0 \lquote 
\loch\f0 Fuelman\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  to \hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 Fuelmart\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  clearly would have been an amendment to the form of\~the indictment, and thus would have been proper.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Therefore, this issue is procedurally barred }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13373731 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 by defendant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s failure to raise\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  this i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10047815 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ssue below}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13373731 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ].\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10047815 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (citation omitted)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-432\li432\ri0\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin432\itap0\pararsid14116259 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3878579 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 B.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There Was Sufficient Evidence of Guilt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13373731 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 or the Jury to Convict Taisacan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13373731 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  There Was No Material Variance Between the Indictment and the Proof Presented by the People }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13373731 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t Trial That Affected Taisacan\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Substa\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ntial Rights
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859384 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan next argues on appeal that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14694842 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14694842\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 there was insufficient evidence presented at trial to convict Taisacan of the crimes for which he }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid14694842\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was indicted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , Appellant\hich\f0 \rquote 
\loch\f0 s Br. at 21-33.  Alternatively, Taisacan argues that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14694842\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 there was a \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
material variance between the facts alleged in the indictment and those facts presented at trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14694842 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14694842\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See id.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 A variance has been defined \hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 in criminal procedure, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13373731 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13373731 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  a difference between the allegations in a charging instrument and the proof }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 actually}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  introduced at trial.\hich\f0 
\rquote \'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 , 2007 Guam 3 \'b6\loch\f0  36 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid16016042 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (alteration in original) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (quoting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Variance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Black\hich\f0 \rquote 
\loch\f0 s Law Dictionary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (8th ed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13373731 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2004)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Generally,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  the \'93\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 [a]nalysis of a material variance claim consists of two separate but related inquiries.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. Taitano}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 33 \'b6\loch\f0 \hich\f0  11.  First, \'93\loch\f0 
[t]o the extent that the variance concerns a lack of proof at trial regarding the essential elements of an indictment, it functions as an attack on the sufficiency of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  supporting a conviction.\'94
\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (citations omitted)
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2007 Guam 3 \'b6\loch\f0 \hich\f0  10.  Second, \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 a claim of variance [may] also function[] as a challenge based on the deprivation of due process rights,\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
 such as the right to receive \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 proper notice of charges and [the] protection against double jeopardy.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2452820\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Ta
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 itano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2452820\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 33 \'b6\loch\f0  11 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (citations omitted).  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-432\li1152\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1152\itap0\pararsid14116259 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3878579\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1777584 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid812408\charrsid1777584 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Was Sufficient Evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid812408 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid812408\charrsid1777584 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1777584 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1777584\charrsid1777584 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 aisacan\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid812408\charrsid1777584 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Guilt Presented }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid812408 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid812408\charrsid1777584 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t Trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9793476 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859384 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7364729 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Questions regarding the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  sufficiency of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7364729 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 evidence are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7364729 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 reviewed }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 .\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. Wusstig}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 21 \'b6\loch\f0 
 8 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Diego}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2013 Guam 15 \'b6\'b6\loch\f0  9, 30).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s20\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5510275 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\super\insrsid12207114\charrsid662289 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid662289 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 We}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid662289 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  noted in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid662289 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that where the defendant fails to raise a variance claim in the trial court, we review only for plain error.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 2007 Guam 3 \'b6\loch\f0  38.  Taisacan did not raise a variance claim below, but the People on appeal argue that the court should use a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 de }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid8863659 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 standard\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of review.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , Appellee\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Br. at 20 (stating that the standard of review is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ).  Because Taisacan has not established error under the more lenient }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  standard, we assume solely for purposes of this appeal that a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 de novo }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 standard is appr\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 opriate.   }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8863659 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Under this standard}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15682843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93
\loch\f0 \hich\f0 we review the evidence in the light most favorable to the People and determine whether any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Dieg\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2013 Guam 15 \'b6
\loch\f0  30 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1777584 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8863659 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. George}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8863659 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 2012 Guam 22 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8863659\charrsid13442445 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'b6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1777584 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8863659 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1777584 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1777584 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1777584 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 highly deferential standard of review.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1777584 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Wusstig}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 21 \'b6\loch\f0  8 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1777584 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 quoting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1777584\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. Tenorio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2007 Guam 19 \'b6\loch\f0  9}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14694842 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8863659 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 When reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8863659 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [i]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t is \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 not the province of the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8863659 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  . . . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
to resolve conflicts in the evidence, to pass upon the credibility of witnesses, to determine the plausibility of explanations, or to weigh the evidence; such matters are for the jury.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. Song}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2012 Guam 21 \'b6\loch\f0  29
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 State v. Williams}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 695 N.W.2d 23, 28 (Iowa 2005))}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15682843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  We are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15682843 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
concerned with the existence or nonexistence of evidence, not its weight.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 State v. Weston}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 625 S.E.2d 641, 648 (S.C. 2006)).  \'93\loch\f0 [I]f there is any direct evidence or any subs\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
tantial circumstantial evidence reasonably tending to prove the guilt of the accused, we must find the case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
was properly submitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  to the jury.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 State v. Elmore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 628 S.E.2d 271, 273 (S.C. Ct. App. 2006)); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also Taitano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 33 \'b6\loch\f0  12 (
\loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 When reviewing a jury conviction for sufficiency, the only relevant question is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1777584 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 whether that finding was so insupportable as to fall below the threshold of bare rationality.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5510275 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 
\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94\loch\f0  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5510275 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5510275 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Coleman v. Johnson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5510275 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 566 U.S. 650, 656 (2012)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ))}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13318839\charrsid13318839 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13318839\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 George}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13318839\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, 2012 Guam 22 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'b6\loch\f0  51}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A variance between the facts alleged in an indictment and the facts presented at trial that does not directly relate to a specific element of the offense does not justify reversal based upon the sufficiency of the evidence.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See Taitano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 2015 Gu\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 am 33 \'b6\'b6\loch\f0  14-17 (finding variance between the location and time of offense listed in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  indictment and the facts presented at trial did not justify reversal for insufficiency because they are not elements of the offense);}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid10640045 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2007 Guam 3 \'b6\loch\f0 \hich\f0  41 (\'93\loch\f0 When
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  time is not an essential element [of the offense], }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid812408 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the variance between proof is irrelevant\~so\~long as the defendants were afforded adequate notice of the charges against them.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid812408 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid812408 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid812408 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 United States v. Laykin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid812408 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 886 F.2d 1534, 1543 (9th Cir. 1989)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Rather}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , the court\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s review is limited to whether there is sufficient evidence to support each element of the crime or crimes for which the defendant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is convicted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-432\li1872\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1872\itap0\pararsid14116259 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid485222\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a.
\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15682843\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid812408\charrsid812408 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
was sufficient evidence of burglary and theft}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9793476 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859384 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Under Guam law, \'93\loch\f0 [a] person is gu\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ilty of\~}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 burglary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
if he enters or surreptitiously remains in any . . . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 building}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  intent to commit a crime therein, unless the premises are at the time open to the public or the defendant is licensed or privileged to enter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  .\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0   9 GCA \'a7
\loch\f0  37.20(a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid485222 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11609080 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid485222 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 amended by P.L. 32-162:4 (May 23, 2014)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12483397 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also People v. McKinney}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2016 Guam 3 \'b6\loch\f0  18.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid15682843\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Pursuant to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 9 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 \hich\f0  43.30(a), \'93\loch\f0 [a] person is guilty of\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid8134464 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 theft}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
if he unlawfully takes or obtains or exercises unlawful control over, movable property of another with intent to deprive him thereof.\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0   9 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
 43.30(a) (2005).  Under an accomplice theory of criminal liability, a person is guilty of a criminal offense \'93\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 i\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
f, with the intention of promoting or assisting in the commission of the offense, he induces or aids another person to commit the offense.\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0   9 GCA \'a7\loch\f0  4.60 (2005).  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 At trial, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  testified, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 inter alia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2495286\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 concerning}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  the September 2013 burglary: (1) he broke into the \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 game room\'94\loch\f0  at the Cinema Plaza, Tr. at 21 (Jury Trial, May 20, 201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13859287 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ); (2) that he \'93\loch\f0 took the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 cashbox}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  from the pachinko machine}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9307872 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 ,\'94\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; (3) Muna came up with the plan to burglarize the Cinema Plaza}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11609080 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and Ta\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 isacan asked }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to join the plan }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8134464 
\loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  break into the game room, and take money from the cash box,\'94\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  22-23; (4) Muna, Taisacan, and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  all \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
jumped over the wall\'94\loch\f0  and entered Uncle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Paul\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 \hich\f0 s Noodle House \'93\loch\f0 [b]y prying the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 backdoor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 ,\'94
\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  23; (\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
5) that once in Uncle Paul\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Noodle House, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and Taisacan used a crowbar to get through the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 dry wall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  between the noodle house and the pachinko place, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; (6) that both }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and Taisacan entered the pachinko room and took cash totaling $1,500, while Muna provided }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 look out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 24; (7) this occurred during the night, while the building was not open to the public, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  25; and (8) the parties divided the money three ways a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nd departed the scene in Taisacan\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s car, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13859287 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14621115 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In addition to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid14621115\charrsid2495286 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14621115 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  testimony,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  a number of business owners and employees of the various shops}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8134464 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9307872 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  victimized testified that a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid141568\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 break}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2495286\charrsid2495286 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid141568\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  occurred on September 3, 2013\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 the same day }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  admitted to burglarizing the Cinema Plaza with Taisacan.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid141568\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  15-62}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11609080 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 77-84}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13859287 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Jury Trial, May 19, 2016).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14621115\charrsid14621115 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 21}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 With respect to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the December 2013 incident, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  testified: (1) he and Taisacan developed a plan to }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 burglarize the Cinema Plaza building\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16411374 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16411374 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (Jury Trial, May 20, 2016)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
; (2) Muna was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  not involved in this incident, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; (3) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6958067 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  entered the building through an air ventilation system that was found by Taisacan, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 27; (4) both the dry cleaners and the karaoke bar that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  entered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  closed at the time, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  27-28; (5) Taisacan and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  drove Taisacan\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s car to the building }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  both jumped}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4852085 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  over}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the wall, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  28; (6) only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  entered the property, but Taisacan helped lift him up into the ventilation system, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; (7) once in the dry cleaners, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  made a hole in the wall, went into the karaoke bar, and \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
took the money again, from the machine,\'94\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  29; (8) around $500-600 was taken from the machines, which he and Taisacan }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16411374 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 shared}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14621115 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (9) following the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  burglary, Taisacan dropped }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  at his home, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6704725 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14621115 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Again, the relevant business owners confirmed that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid14621115\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a burglary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14621115 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of their }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6704725 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 businesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14621115 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 occurred on the date testified to by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14621115 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, and their testimony was corroborative of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6704725\charrsid2495286 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14621115 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13859287 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13859287 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13859287 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13859287\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13859287 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  82-84}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8145263 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 124-44}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13859287 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (Jury Trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9048826 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  May 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13859287 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 2016)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14621115 .}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14621115\charrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 22}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The testimony of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14621115 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and that of the victims }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was sufficient to support Taisacan
\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s conviction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3546080 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3546080\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 burglary and theft }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
with respect to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  both the September 2013 and December 2013 incidents.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1917607 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 McKinney}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2016 Guam 3 \'b6\'b6
\loch\f0  18-28 (finding sufficient evidence of burglary and theft); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. Cruz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , D.C.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8145263 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Crim. No. 77-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 018A, 1979 WL 15123, at *1 (D. Guam App. Div. July 13, 1979) (finding sufficient evidence of burglary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3546080 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and petty theft}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Burkhard v. People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , Crim. \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
No. 77-007-A, 1978 WL 13498, at *1 (D. Guam App. Div. Apr. 21, 1978) (same).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435\charrsid141568 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sum, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 testified that Taisacan personally entered the Cinema Plaza and took money from the pachinko machine during the September 2013 incident.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16737435\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid16737435\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  24 (Jury Trial, May 20, 201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8145263 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435\charrsid141568 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid16737435\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
And while there was no evidence adduced at trial that Taisacan personally entered the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid16737435\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
karaoke bar during the December 2013 incident, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid16737435\charrsid2439099 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s testimony nevertheless indicates that Taisacan was an accomplice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid16737435\charrsid10640045 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 under 9 GCA \'a7\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4.60 in that he hoisted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid16737435\charrsid10640045 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 through the ventilation system, received a share of the stolen funds, and otherwise participated in the burglary and theft.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16737435\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16737435\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid16737435\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  26-29. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16737435 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3546080 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan ignores DeGracia\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s testimony and points to the lack of testimony by th
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e business owners about specific amounts of money taken during each burglary. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15091716 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3546080 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In doing so, Taisacan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
attempts to argue the evidence in a light most favorable to the defense\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0  and \'93\loch\f0 misconstrues the standard by trying to re-argue that there is reasonable dou\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 bt.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15091716 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 George}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2012 Guam 22 \'b6\loch\f0  5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15091716 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also People v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Finik}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2017 Guam 21 \'b6\loch\f0  23.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan also argues that the superseding indictment failed to allege, and the People failed to prove at trial, a specific theft or any amount of theft to support the charge of burglary.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Appellant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s Br. at 22-26.  While both counts of burglary contain\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ed in the superseding indictment allege that Taisacan had the intent to commit theft, to establish the crime of burglary \'93\loch\f0 
[t]he prosecution was not required to prove theft; it was required to prove that [defendant] had the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 intent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  to commit theft.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
v. Demapan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2004 Guam 24 \'b6\loch\f0  14 (emphasis added); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also People v. Joshua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 32 \'b6\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
 42.  \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3546080 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3546080 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 heft}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f1\fs21\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af1\dbch\af37\loch\f1  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is not a statutory element of\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 burglary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  . . . .\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Demapan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2004 Guam 24 \'b6\loch\f0 \hich\f0  14.  That said, \'93}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15091716 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15091716 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 here is no better proof that [defendant] entered the [build\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ing] with intent to commit [a crime] than a showing he did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  commit [the crime] after his entry.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 McKinney}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2016 Guam 3 \'b6\loch\f0  19 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15091716 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
(first and second alterations in original) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15091716 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 quoting }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15091716 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. Abilez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15091716 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 161 P.3d 58, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9654089 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 85 (Cal. 2007)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15682843 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9654089 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\super\insrsid12207114\charrsid8813509 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid8813509 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Taisacan also argues that a victim of the theft was not clearly identified in the indictment.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Establishing the identity of the victim, however, is not a specific element of the offense of theft of property. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid9654089 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  9 GCA \'a7\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid1915775 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 43.30(a)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 State v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Woodward}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 66 P.3d 556, 559 (Or. Ct. App. 2003) }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 (\'93\loch\f0 [T]he\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 identity}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of the\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is not a material\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 element}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of the crime of\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 theft}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 .\'94\loch\f0  (citation omitted))}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid14116259 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 State v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14116259 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 McReynolds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid3941175 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid7424295\charrsid9654089 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 71 P.3d 663, 675 (Wash}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid9654089 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Ct. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 App.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14116259 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2003)\~\hich\f0 (\'93\loch\f0 It has long been the rule in \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Washington th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at the identity of the property\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s owner is not an element of crimes involving larceny or\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 theft}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 
\loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 .\'94\loch\f0 );}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 cf. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. Woods}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid3941175 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid9654089 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 75 Cal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Rptr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2d 917, 920 (Ct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 App.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1998)\~(holding that, in a prosecution for burglary, the\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 identity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of the\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is not a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 element}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid14516087 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of the offense)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114 .}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan further argues that the testimony of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was unreliable.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Appellant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Br. at 29-30.  This argument, however, does not serve as a basis upon which this court may reverse for insufficient evidence of guilt.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14621115 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Wusstig}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 21 \'b6\loch\f0  26; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2014 Guam 17 \'b6\loch\f0  28; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. Enriquez}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2014 Guam 11 \'b6\loch\f0  22}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8134464 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8134464\charrsid8134464 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8134464\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Diego}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8134464\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2013 Guam 15 \'b6\loch\f0  38; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8134464\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 George}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8134464\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2012 Guam 22 \'b6\loch\f0  56}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 For these reasons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8134464 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
we find that the record contains sufficient evidence to support Taisacan\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s burglary and theft convi\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ctions, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 none of the sufficiency arguments raised by Taisacan warrant reversal on appeal. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-432\li1872\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1872\itap0\pararsid14116259\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3896960\charrsid9793476 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 b.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7424295\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9654089\charrsid9654089 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
was sufficient evidence of felony vehicle identification}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9793476 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859384 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was also charged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
 with Felony Vehicle Identification under 16 GCA \'a7\loch\f0  9102(a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5995446 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Both the superseding indictment and the jury instructions indicated that an essential element of this crime is \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 knowingly driv[ing] a motor vehicle on a highway.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  RA, tab 49 at 2 (Superseding Indictment); Tr. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 54-55 (Jury Trial, May 25, 2016).  Tais\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 acan argues on appeal that the People failed to prove this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5995446 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 purported }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 element of the offense or that it occurred on January 24, 2014, as alleged in the indictment.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Appellant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Br. at 30-31}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\charrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 We do not need to decide whether \'93\loch\f0 
knowingly driv[ing] a motor\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  vehicle on the highway\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0  is actually an element of felony vehicle identification under 16 GCA \'a7\loch\f0  9102(a).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\charrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\charrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 16 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 
 9102(a) (2005).  Assuming that this instruction was erroneous}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (i.e., that this is not actually an element of the offense)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\charrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, any error would be harmless or otherwise not prejudice Taisacan.  By incorrectly adding an additional essential element to the offense, the court would have increased the burden placed upon the People, which would have inured to Taisacan\hich\f0 
\rquote \loch\f0 s benefit.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\charrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3040832 ,\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\charrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  United States v. Lancaster}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\charrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 968 F.2d 1250, 1254 (D.C. Cir. 1992);}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\charrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  State v. Blackmon}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\charrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 587 S.W.2d 292, 294 (Mo. Ct. App. 1979); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\charrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Davis v. State
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\charrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 916 P.2d 251, 259-60 (Okla. Crim. App. 1996).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid5116517 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Officer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid5995446\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Peter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Paulino testified}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid5995446\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  during trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that on Jan\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 uary 24, 2014, he observed Taisacan\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Chevy Equinox bearing plates }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that did not match the vehicle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13111692 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1917607 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Taisacan admitted to receiving the license plate on the vehicle from his son, att}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1917607 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 aching}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid10640045 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  it to his vehicle even though it was not assigned to that vehicle, and that he knew it was against the law to do so.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  24-27 (Jury Trial, May 23, 2016).  Officer Paulino additionally testified that Taisacan admitted he had been operating the vehicle\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  from the time 
\'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 since he obtained . . . that [unassigned] license plate.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  27.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3546080 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 While }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 no testimony }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was admitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  during trial that Taisacan }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 actually}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  drove the vehicle on January 24, 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5470585 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, the date of the crime as alleged in the indictment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3546080 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3546080 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid5995446\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5995446 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is ir\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 relevant to our sufficiency analysis.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 28}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5995446 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 We}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  previously addressed a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  argument }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 similar }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5995446 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to that which Taisacan raises }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 here}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5995446 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 2007 Guam 3.  There, the defendant argued that the date alleged in the indictment for the offense of theft }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 inaccurate, a material variance therefore existed, and the government had failed to present sufficient evidence to support his conviction.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
See id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  \'b6\loch\f0  34.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5995446 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 We}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  rejected this argument, finding that \'93\loch\f0 where time is not an element of a crime, \hich\f0 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13111692 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13111692 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 roof of any da\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 te before the return of the indictment and within the statute of limitations is sufficient\hich\f0 \rquote 
\'94\loch\f0  to support a conviction.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  \'b6\loch\f0  40 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13111692 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (alteration in original) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. Atoigue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9793476 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13111692 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
DCA No. CR91-95A, 1992 WL 245628, at *7 (D. Guam App. Div. Sept. 11, 1992)); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also Taitano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 33 \'b6\'b6\loch\f0 \hich\f0  14-17.  Time is not an element of felony vehicle identification under 16 GCA \'a7\loch\f0  9102(a).  Here, evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was admitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 that Taisacan placed the unr\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 egistered license plate on his vehicle in 2013 and knowingly drove the vehicle bearing the wrong license plate at some point between 2013, when he received it, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16135640 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 January}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16135640\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 24, 2014, the day he spoke with the police.  Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  24-27 (Jury Trial, May 23, 2016)\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  This window is both before the superseding indictment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2495286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was issued}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on May 13, 2015, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
RA, tab 49 at 3 (Superseding Indictment), and within the three-year statute of limitations, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 8 GCA \'a7\loch\f0  10.20(c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9373544 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (2005)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is sufficient evidence to sustain Taisac
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 an\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s conviction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on this charge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-432\li1152\ri0\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1152\itap0\pararsid14116259 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9373544\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2.\tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There is No Material Variance Between }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13111692\charrsid13111692 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Facts Alleged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13111692\charrsid13111692 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Indictment and the Proof Presented }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13111692\charrsid13111692 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Trial
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859384 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 An indictment serves a dual function: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 first}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , it provides the written\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 statement of a grand jury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \~
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 accusing a person of an offense upon a finding of probable cause; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 second}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , it serves as the government\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s primary pleading to provide the defendant notice of the charges he or she faces.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7887403 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 San Nicolas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2013 Guam 21 \'b6\loch\f0  12;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  see also Batiste v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 785 S.W.2d 432,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7887403 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 434 (Tex. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7887403 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Ct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 . App. 1990) (same); 8 GCA \'a7\loch\f0  50.54 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid539380 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as amended by P.L. 29-042:1 (Jan. 2, 2008)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832\delrsid13453286\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ); 8 GCA 
\'a7\loch\f0  55.10 (2005).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 A variance between an allegation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [in an indictment] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and proof presented }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3040832 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [at trial] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
is a reversible error if it affects the substantial rights of a defendant by either: (1) taking them by surprise and hindering their ability to present a defense, or (2) exposing them to the risk of another prosecution for the same offense.\'94\loch\f0   
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2495286\charrsid1917607 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taitano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 2015
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  Guam 33 \'b6\loch\f0  18 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12483397 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12483397 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
People v. Campbell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12483397 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2006 Guam 14 \'b6\loch\f0  12}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 ).  \'93\loch\f0 Where the variance is not \hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 material\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  and does not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12483397 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 affect the substanti}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366426 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 al rights}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12483397 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366426 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  of the accused,\'94\loch\f0  there is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7349682 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Fifth Amendment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7349682\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 violation.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2007 Guam 3 \'b6\loch\f0  39 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 United}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 States v. Cina}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9793476 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid12483397 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 699 F.2d 853, 857 (7th Cir.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12483397 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 1983)).  \'93\loch\f0 We begin this analysis by determining whether or not a variance occurred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12483397 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3546080 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . . . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 .\'94\loch\f0   }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid66044\charrsid1917607 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taitano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid66044\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, 2015 Guam 33 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'b6\loch\f0  19.  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A number of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3546080 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3546080\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 specific arguments concern evidence presented at trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16737435 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  regarding facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid16737435\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ere}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  not specifically alleged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 in the superseding indictment\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 namely, the identity of the victim, a specific theft, the location of the theft, and the amount of a specific theft.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Appellant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Br. at 22-29.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a true}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 variance, as the evidence presented at trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is not in direct conflict with the facts alleged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 or, in this case, the absence of facts alleged\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 in the superseding indictment.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 United States v. Tankersley}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 492 F.2d 962, 966 (7th Cir. 1974) (finding
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  that where indictment was silent as to whether explosive parts were assembled, proof at trial regarding whether the device was assembled \'93\loch\f0 was not at\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 variance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 with the charge\'94\loch\f0 
).  In any event, as noted above, none of these facts relate to an essential elem\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ent of the crimes for which Taisacan }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was convicted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Even if there was a variance in this regard, Taisacan had sufficient notice of the facts that would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 be presented}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  at trial.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 When a criminal defendant alleges a material variance, a court determinin\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
g whether the defendant had proper notice of the charges against him or her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12483397 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 may lo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ok to sources other than the indictment for evidence of adequate notice, including \hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 a complaint, an arres}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid10640045 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t warrant, or a bill of particulars,\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  as well as information provide\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d \hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 during the course of a preliminary hearing.\hich\f0 \rquote \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid66044 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Tai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7424295 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 tano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12483397 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid66044 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  2015 Guam 33 \'b6\loch\f0  19}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (quoting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Sheppard v. Rees}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid9793476 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid12483397 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
909 F.2d 1234, 1236 n.2 (9th Cir. 1990)).  The original indictment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , in this case,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  listed the specific establishments that were alleged to have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 been 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 burglarized}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and the identity of the theft victims.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  RA, tab 2 (Indictment).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is not a case, like }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taitano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, where the facts presented at trial related to an entirely separate incident for which the People failed to obtain an indictment.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See Taitano}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 33 \'b6\loch\f0  21.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 32}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid805910 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 potential }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
variance between the superseding indictment and the facts alleged at trial is the allegation that Muna was involved in the December 2013 incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\fs24\super\insrsid811805 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11141468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\super\insrsid12207114\charrsid811805 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\charrsid811805 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\delrsid13453286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Where facts are included in an indictment solely for purposes of providing the defendant notice and do not purport (either correctly or incorrectly) to be an element of the offense charged, the prosecution is not required to \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
prove those extraneous facts in order for this court to uphold a conviction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\delrsid13453286\charrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\insrsid12207114\delrsid13453286\charrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See Taitano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\delrsid13453286 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 33 \'b6\'b6\loch\f0  14-17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\delrsid13453286\charrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid12207114\delrsid13453286\charrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid12207114\delrsid13453286\charrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2007 Guam 3 \'b6\loch\f0  41}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid12207114\delrsid13453286 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Compare}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  RA, tab 49 (Superseding Indictment), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  26 (Jury Trial, May 20, 2016) (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  testimony)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11141468 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid6499889 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Tr. at 20 (Jury Trial, May 19, 2016) (People\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s opening statement).  Taisacan, however, has not identified any way in which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he was prejudiced by this variance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2007 Guam 3 \'b6\loch\f0  41.  For exampl\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 e, Taisacan has not 
\'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 provide[d] concrete examples of how his defense would have differed to refute allegations\'94\loch\f0  that only he and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6958067 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  were involved in the December incident.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taitano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 33 \'b6\loch\f0 \hich\f0  22.  \'93\loch\f0 
There is no evidence that [Taisacan] was surpri\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 sed by the evidence at trial or inadequately protected against being placed in jeopardy again for the same offense.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2007 Guam 3 \'b6\loch\f0  41.  Taisacan\hich\f0 \rquote 
\loch\f0 s defense at trial was that he was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 simply}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  not involved in the alleged burglaries and thefts.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  26 (Jury Trial, May 25, 2016).  It is difficult to see how this defense would have changed had the superseding indictment indicated that only }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and Taisacan were involved i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12128432 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n the December 2013 burglary.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan had adequate no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5470585 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 tice of the charges a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 gainst him.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6499889 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5470585 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Therefore,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  any variance between the facts alleged in the indictment and those presented at trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12128432 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 were immaterial and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12128432 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  not rise to the level of a constitutional violation.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-432\li432\ri0\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin432\itap0\pararsid14116259 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3560412 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 C.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Trial Court\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 \hich\f0 s Improper Use of the Word \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Promising\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0  Instead of \'93\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 Promoting\'94\loch\f0  When Instructing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11141468 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
he Jury on the Charge of Burglary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Was Not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Plain Error 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859384 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 33}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s final argument on appeal is that reversal is required as a result of the trial court impr\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 operly using the word \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 promising\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0  instead of \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 promoting\'94
\loch\f0  when instructing the jury on the charge of burglary.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Appellant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Br. at 33-36.  The People argue in opposition that Taisacan was not prejudiced by what they frame as a typographical error, and r\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
eversal is therefore inappropriate.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Appellee\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Br. at 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 -30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 34}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Where, like here, \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 no objections to jury instructions [we]re made at the time of trial, the standard of review is plain error.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. Cruz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2016 Guam 15 \'b6\loch\f0  17; }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also Felder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2012 Guam 8 \'b6\'b6
\loch\f0  13-18.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404617 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 This is \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 not a run-of-the-mill remedy\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ; rather, \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
it is invoked only in exceptional circumstances.\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1404617\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. Quenga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1404617\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 39 \'b6\loch\f0  89}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1404617\charrsid10640045 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1404617 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid4662026 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1404617 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Quitugua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1404617 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2009 Guam 10 \'b6\loch\f0  52)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1404617\charrsid10640045 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Jones}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2006 Guam 13 \'b6\loch\f0 \hich\f0  48 (\'93\loch\f0 Reversal under \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 plain error review is rare.\'94\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1404617\charrsid10640045 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404617\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Accordingly, \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid11141468 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid11141468 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
e will not reverse unless (1) there was an error; (2) the error is clear or obvious under current law; (3) the error affected substantial rights; and (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4) reversal is necessary to prevent a miscarriage of jus\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 tice or to maintain the integrity of the judicial process.\'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Cruz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2016 Guam 15 \'b6\loch\f0  17 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11141468 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (alteration in original) }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11141468 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11141468 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Quitugua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11141468 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2009 Guam 10 \'b6\loch\f0  11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404617 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Ultimately, the \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 test for reviewing jury instructions for plain error\'94\loch\f0  boils down to a simple question: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid5193618 
\loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 w\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 hether there is a reasonable likelihood that the jury has applied the challenged instruction in a way that violates the Constitution.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Jones}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2006 Guam 13 \'b6\loch\f0  27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Jones v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 United}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  States,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 527 U.S. 373, 390 (1999)).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13902965 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 35}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid163797 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In reviewing the record for \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 instructional errors, w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid66044 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e review jury }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid66044\charrsid66044 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 instructions as a whole.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\i\f0\fs24\insrsid66044\charrsid66044 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Jones}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\f0\fs24\insrsid66044\charrsid8918348 ,}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid66044\charrsid9793476 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid66044\charrsid66044 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 2006 Guam 13 \'b6\loch\f0  28}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid163797 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid163797 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid163797\charrsid13902965 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid163797\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Kanistus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid163797\charrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2017 Guam 26 \'b6\loch\f0  12}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid163797 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (citations omitted)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs21 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f1\fs21\insrsid163797 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid805910\charrsid9793476 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid8918348 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 trial court set forth the elements of the first count of burglary as follows:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid8918348 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The People must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant, Badobino Sablan Taisacan: (1) On or about September 3, 2013; (2) In Guam; (3) Did, with the intention of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 promising}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 or assisting in the commission of burglary; (4) Induce or aid each other \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to enter or surreptitiously remain in a building, that is, the Cinema Arcade Building, in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid10640045 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Tamuning, Guam; (5) With the intent to commit the crime of theft therein, at a time when the premises were neither open to the public, nor the defendant licensed or p\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rivileged to so enter.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0      }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8918348\charrsid13442445 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1717793 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Tr. at 53 (Jury Trial, May 25, 2016) (emphasis added).  Identical language, other than the applicable date, was used by the court in instructing on the second c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12128432 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ount}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of burglary.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  54.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The third element of this offense charged by the court is based upon Guam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s accomplice liability statute, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2439099 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 9 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 \hich\f0  4.60, which states in pertinent part: \'93\loch\f0 A person is guilty of an offense if, with the intention of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid10640045 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 promoting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid1717793 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 or assisting in the commission of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 the offense, he induces or aids another person to commit the offense.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0   9 GCA \'a7\loch\f0  4.60 (emphasis added).  Although the court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid10683299 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 incorrectly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid10683299\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 used the word \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 promising\'94\loch\f0 
\hich\f0  instead of \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 promoting\'94\loch\f0  in instructing on the crime of burglary, the trial court separately}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid2244997 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (and correctly)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  instructed the jury on accomplice liability.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Tr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid8919434\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid8919434 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid8919434\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (Jury Trial, May 25, 2016)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid8919434 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  (\'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Guilt Established By Complicity\'94\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
.  Moreover, the court accurately instructed the jury on accomplice liability\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 \hich\f0 using the correct word, \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 promoting\'94\emdash \loch\f0 as \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
it applied to the charges of theft of property, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  57-58, which served as the predicate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid12128432 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 intent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 offense}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\fs24\cf18\super\insrsid805910 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s20\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14116259 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\super\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 That is, the People asserted that Taisacan and his co-defendants intended to enter and stay on the premises with the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  intent to commit theft.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 9 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 \hich\f0  37.20(a) (\'93\loch\f0 A person is guilty of\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 burglary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 \~\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 if he enters or surreptitiously remains in any . . . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 building}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid805910\charrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid805910\charrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  intent to commit a crime}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  therein}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  .\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (emphasis added)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid805910\charrsid805910 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  for each burglary charge, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 RA, tab 49 (Superseding Indictment).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 36}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid12128432 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Viewing the jury instructions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in their}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 entirety, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid6499889 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13902965\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Kanistus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965\charrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 2017 Guam\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  26 \'b6\loch\f0  12}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 it is not clear }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
to the court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid8597731 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 whether}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid11141606 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on the facts of this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid11141606 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 inaccurately using one word\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 what might be considered a typographical error\hich\f0 \emdash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid2244997 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid2244997 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2244997\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 legal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid2244997 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  error}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See State v. Swiney}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 137 N.W.2d 808, 813 (Neb. 1965)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 (\'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
An instruction will not be held erroneous because of mere typographical error which cannot reasonably be said to have confused or misled the jury to the prejudice of the party complaining.\'94\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid66044 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid66044 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also Jones}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid66044 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2006 Guam 13 \'b6\loch\f0  28}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Nor }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9720578 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 are we certain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9720578 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid6499889 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 an\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 y such potential error }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9720578 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 clear and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13902965\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 obvious}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  under current law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid12128432 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Cf. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Kanistus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2017 Guam 26 \'b6
\loch\f0  18}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16601988 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 People v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Gargarita}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2015 Guam 28 \'b6\loch\f0  18.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The People, however, do not contest on appeal that the instructions were in error.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 generally}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Appellee\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s Br. at 27-30.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid12128432 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 W}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid12128432\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 therefore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid12128432 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 assume for purposes of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 our}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  analysis that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid12128432 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the instructions were erroneous}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid1342594 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and that this error was clear and obvious under current law, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 but}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid1342594 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 we }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 do }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 not directly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 decide th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid1342594 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ese}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13902965 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid1342594 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid1342594 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Instead, our analysis must focus on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid2127482 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the last two prongs of the plain error analysis\hich\f0 \emdash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid7424295 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 i.e., }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid2127482 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 whether the error affected Taisacan\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s substantial rights and whether failure to reverse would result in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196506 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a miscarriage of justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid2127482 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  or impugn the integrity of the legal system}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Cruz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 2016 Guam \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 15 \'b6\loch\f0  17.  

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859384 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 37}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
An erroneous instruction regarding an element of the offense, including an erroneous instruction on an aspect of accomplice liability, does not amount to a structural error mandating automatic reversal.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See People v. Perry}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2009 Guam 4 \'b6\loch\f0  39 (citing }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Neder v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13442445\charrsid2970504 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
United}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  States}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 527 U.S. 1, 15 (1999)); 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also California v. Roy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442445\charrsid13442445 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, 519 U.S. 2, 5-6 (1996).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2559382 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Under}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12807434 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
 plain error review, Taisacan bears the burden of establishing \'93\loch\f0 that the error was prejudicial (i.e., that it affected the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 outcome of the case).\'94\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Felder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2012 Guam 8 \'b6\loch\f0  22. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9183794 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In the context of this case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2559382 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 where the constitutionality of jury instructions is challenged, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9183794 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 this require}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2559382 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9183794 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  Taisacan to establish \'93\loch\f0 that there [is] a reasonable probability that the error}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3171095 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  affected the outcom\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e of the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8675067 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9183794 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9183794 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 United States v. Marcus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9183794 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 560 U.S. 258, 262 (2010) (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9183794 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 United States v. Olano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9183794 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 507 U.S. 725, 734-35 (1993)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8745800 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8675067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8675067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2559382 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8675067 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 United States v. Dobson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8675067 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 419 F.3d 231, 240 (3d Cir. 2005)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2559382 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13438730 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 United }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2559382 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 States v. Phipps}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2559382 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 319 F.3d 177, 190 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2559382\charrsid2559382 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5th }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2559382 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Cir. 2003)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9183794 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid543437 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
Taisacan fails to meet this burden.  His only argument in this respect is that the element of \'93\lquote \loch\f0 promoting\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  was contested an[d] unsupported by overwhelming evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid77549 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid543437 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94\loch\f0  Appellant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Br. at 36; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid543437 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid543437 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 at 34 (\'93\loch\f0 The evidence at trial was disputed and cert\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
ainly not overwhelming.\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ); Reply Br. at 7 (\'93\loch\f0 The omitted element \hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 promoting\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 \hich\f0  was contested and unsupported by overwhelming evidence.\'94\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid77549 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , and that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14697593 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid77549 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 DeGracia\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s testimony was unreliable,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14697593 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid77549 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Reply Br. at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14697593 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid543437 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   Such argument fall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3043299 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 short of th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3043299 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  needed to establish pr\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ejudicial error.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13574706 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  People v. Hill}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574706 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2018 Guam 3 \'b6\'b6\loch\f0 \hich\f0  13-14 (finding defendant \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 must make a specific showing of prejudice\'94\loch\f0  under plain error review);}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3043299 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3043299 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 see also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12518501 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Perry}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574706 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 2009 Guam 4 \'b6\loch\f0 
\hich\f0  49 (\'93\loch\f0 [W]here . . . it would appear that the jury was free to judge for itself\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
 the weight of the evidence presented and the credibility of the testifying witnesses, then there is no error affecting substantial rights.\'94\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11141606 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Taisacan has therefore fai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8674173 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 led to establish that the jury }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11141606 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 instructions amounted to plain error.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12518501 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In light of our \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
finding on the third prong of the plain error analysis, we need not address whether the fourth prong}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8674173 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was satisfied}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12518501 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11141606 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11141606 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 See Hill}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11141606 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2018 Guam \'b6\loch\f0  14.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10630872\charrsid11141606 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6819208 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4485792\charrsid9720777 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 V.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15492142\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 CONCLUSION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5257515\charrsid9720777 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859384 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3941175 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 38}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9859384\charrsid9859384 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824311\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 For the reasons set forth above, w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14376488\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13313950\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 AFFIRM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13313950\charrsid9720777 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the Judgment of Conviction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15685520 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14567097 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14567097\charrsid14567097 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8156392\charrsid9720777 
\par }{\*\themedata 504b030414000600080000002100e9de0fbfff0000001c020000130000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6cac91cb4ec3301045f748fc83e52d4a
9cb2400825e982c78ec7a27cc0c8992416c9d8b2a755fbf74cd25442a820166c2cd933f79e3be372bd1f07b5c3989ca74aaff2422b24eb1b475da5df374fd9ad
5689811a183c61a50f98f4babebc2837878049899a52a57be670674cb23d8e90721f90a4d2fa3802cb35762680fd800ecd7551dc18eb899138e3c943d7e503b6
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