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\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1911233 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\psz1\linex0\headery1440\footery1440\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid12984686\sftnbj {\headerl \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13307717 
\par }}{\headerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid3893687 People v. Pablo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid16611761 , 201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid3893687 6}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid16611761  Guam }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid12984686 29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid16611761 , Opinion\tab \tab Page}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid16611761\charrsid15736528  }{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\fs20\insrsid16611761\charrsid15736528  PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid354724 2}}}
\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\fs20\insrsid16611761\charrsid15736528  of }{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\fs20\insrsid16611761\charrsid15736528  NUMPAGES }
}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid354724 17}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\fs20\insrsid16611761 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li0\ri0\sl-120\slmult0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brsp20 \tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs21\fs20\insrsid16611761\charrsid15736528 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 
\par }}{\footerl \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13307717 
\par }}{\footerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13307717 
\par }}{\headerf \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13307717 
\par }}{\footerf \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10356310 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10356310 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s3\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\cf1\cgrid {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs28\ulnone\lang1033\langfe0\langnp1033\insrsid16611761 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid16611761 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\cf1\cgrid {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs28\ulnone\insrsid16611761 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\ulnone\insrsid16611761\charrsid478042 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 
\par 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\cf1\cgrid {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs28\ulnone\lang1033\langfe0\langnp1033\insrsid3893687 PEOPLE OF GUAM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\ulnone\insrsid16611761\charrsid9191800 ,
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16611761 Plaintiff-Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 ,
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\cf1\cgrid {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs28\ulnone\insrsid16611761\charrsid9191800 v.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\cf1\cgrid {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs28\ulnone\lang1033\langfe0\langnp1033\insrsid3893687 SERAFIN REYES}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\ulnone\lang1033\langfe0\langnp1033\insrsid10772806\charrsid10772806  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs28\ulnone\lang1033\langfe0\langnp1033\insrsid10772806 PABLO}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\ulnone\insrsid16611761\charrsid9191800 ,
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16611761 Defendant-Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12984686 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12984686\charrsid271537 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12984686 Supreme Court Case No.:  CRA15-006}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12984686\charrsid271537 
\par Superior Court Case No.:  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12984686 CF0281-09}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12984686\charrsid271537 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\cf1\cgrid {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs28\ulnone\insrsid16611761\charrsid9191800 OPINION
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5130672 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid5130672 Filed:  October 14, 2016}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid5130672\charrsid5130672 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid3893687 Cite as: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid12984686  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid3893687 2016}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs28\insrsid16611761\charrsid14637041  Guam }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid12984686 29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid16611761\charrsid14637041 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 
\par 
\par Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam
\par Argu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 ed and submitted on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687 February 12, 2016}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 
\par 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trqc\trgaph120\trleft-120\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl120\trpaddr120\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid14947252\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4860\clshdrawnil \cellx4740\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx9240\pard \ltrpar
\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid14947252 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\ul\cf1\lang0\langfe0\langnp0\langfenp0\insrsid16611761\charrsid9191800 Appearing for Defendant-Appellant:

\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid14947252 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687 Howard Trapp}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11928194 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid11928194 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid16611761\charrsid11928194 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687 Howard Trapp }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2582702 Inc.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687 Saylor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761  Bldg.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid9126353 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687 139 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1707042 E. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687 Chalan Santo Papa, Ste. 200}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid14947252 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96910}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid16597833 
\cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\ul\cf1\lang0\langfe0\langnp0\langfenp0\insrsid16611761\charrsid9191800 Appearing for Plaintiff-Appellee:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687 Gerald L. Henderson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11928194 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid11928194 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3893687\charrsid1455123 Briefed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1455123 James C. Collins, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid1455123 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1455123  (Argued)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1455123\charrsid1455123 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx5040\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid14947252 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687 Assistant Attorneys General}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16611761\charrsid9126353 \tab 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687 Office of the Attorney General}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid9126353 \tab 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid14947252 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687 590 S. Marine Corps Dr., Ste. 706}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687 Tamuning}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 , G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 U}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3893687  96913}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 \cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow
\ts11\trqc\trgaph120\trleft-120\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl120\trpaddr120\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid14947252\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4860\clshdrawnil \cellx4740\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx9240\row }\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10695399 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16611761 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12984686 \page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 BEFORE: }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 ROBERT J. TORRES}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 , Chief Justice; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 F. PHILIP CARBULLIDO,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16611761\charrsid271537  Asso}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 ciate Justice; KATHERINE A. MARAMAN, Associate Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761\charrsid271537 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16611761 

\par 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3893687 MARAMAN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16611761 , J.:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3473413 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [1]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Defendant-Appellant Serafin Reyes Pablo appeals from a judgment of conviction finding him guilty of second degree criminal sexual conduct. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10772806  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16271464 In an earlier trial, Pablo was acquitted of one count of criminal sexual conduct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid397112 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16271464  but the jury was unable to reach a verdict on the other count.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16271464  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid397112 Pablo was retried and convicted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16271464 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid397112   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 He argues that the conviction must be reversed on double jeopardy grounds because of judicial and prosecutorial impropriety, intended to provoke a mistrial, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11864114 during his first trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 for the crime.  Specifically, he argues that the trial court or prosecution intended to provoke a mistrial by giving the jury a verdict form which included an \'93
unable to decide\'94 option, and, thus, further prosecution was barred on the charge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11864114 after the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  jury }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11864114 
in the first trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11864114 unable to reach a verdict}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [2]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 For the reasons s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3681992 et forth below, we affirm}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 I.  FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3473413\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [3]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 On {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname date}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2013}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 22}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 2}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname ls}{\xmlattrvalue trans}}}February 22, 2013
{\*\xmlclose}, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16539688 the grand jury returned a Supers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 eding Indict
ment charging Defendant-Appellant Serafin Reyes Pablo with: (1) one count of Second Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct (\'93{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname stockticker}}CSC{\*\xmlclose}\'94) for intentional sexual contact involving T.M.I., a minor under }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14234898 fourteen }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 years old (\'93Count {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname metricconverter}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname ProductID}{\xmlattrvalue 1\'94}}}1\'94
{\*\xmlclose}); (2) one count of Second Degree {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname stockticker}}CSC{\*\xmlclose} for intentional sexual contact involving A.F.S., a minor under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14234898 fourteen }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 years old (\'93Count {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname metricconverter}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname ProductID}{\xmlattrvalue 2\'94}}}2\'94{\*\xmlclose}
); (3) one count of Child Abuse (as a misdemeanor) against T.M.I.; and (4) one count of Child Abuse (as a misdemeanor) against A.F.S.  Subsequently, on Pablo\rquote s motion, the trial court dismissed the two coun}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3362888 ts of misdemeanor Child Abuse.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [4]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
The case proceeded to trial on the remaining two counts of Second Degree CSC, i.e., Counts 1 and 2.  Pablo\rquote s counsel filed proposed verdict forms.  The trial court proposed its own v
erdict forms, and ultimately submitted its forms to the jury.  The two verdict forms (one for each count of Second Degree CSC) used by the jury contained the following language:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid15285691 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 WE, THE JURY, in the above-entitled case find the Defendant, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 SERAFIN REYES PABLO:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid15285691 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 _____\tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 NOT GUILTY}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  of the offense of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 SECOND DEGREE 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li1440\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15285691 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 CRIMINAL SEXUAL CONDUCT.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid15285691 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 _____\tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 GUILTY}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  of the offense of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 SECOND DEGREE CRIMINAL 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li1440\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15285691 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 SEXUAL CONDUCT.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid15285691 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 \tab If you unanimously find the Defendant \'93Not Guilty\'94
 of the offense of Second Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct, your foreperson will check the \'93Not Guilty\'94 box and sign and date this form below.
\par \tab If, however, you unanimously find the Defendant \'93Guilty\'94 of the offense of Second Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct, your foreperson will check the \'93Guilty\'94 box and sign and date this form below.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid15285691 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 \tab 
If you are unable to decide whether the Defendant is guilty or not guilty of this charge, your foreperson will sign and date this form below.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
\par 
\par _____________________________\tab \tab \tab ________________________
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri720\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid15285691 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 FOREPERSON\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab       Date/Time
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15671755 Record on Appeal (\'93RA\'94),}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6095044  tab 95}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  (Verdict Form 1, June 4, 2013); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6095044 RA, tab 96}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  (Verdict Form 2, June 4, 2013).
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [5]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 In discussions between the parties and the court regarding finalizing the verdict forms, Pablo\rquote 
s counsel objected to the \'93unable to decide\'94 paragraph found in the court\rquote s forms.  Specifically, he argued:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid3362888 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Okay.  Now, it says at the bottom, I submit -- you know, there
\rquote s such a thing as the \-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid5771488 Allen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  charge, which says okay, we\rquote re having trouble deciding this case go back and work on it some more, b
ecause it will never be tried any better than it\rquote 
s been tried, and will be tried with a different jury with a [sic] the same evidence, and they will be in the same position you are, and so the jury is a hung jury.  I suggest that the third paragraph of the
 verdict form, if you are unable to decide, it makes it sound like, well, it\rquote s one, two or three, you\rquote ve got to decide guilty, not guilty, or (indiscernible 10:40:55).  What it does -- they can send you a note if they can\rquote 
t reach a verdict.  We can stress it at the time, give them an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid5771488 Allen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
 charge or something that (indiscernible 10:41:03).  I suggest -- we suggest that it is acceptable to not reach a verdict.  I think that last paragraph if you are unable to decide just sign on the paper form below.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Transcript (\'93Tr.\'94
) at 7-8 (Jury Trial, June 3, 2013).  In response, the People simply stated, \'93The last paragraph, I feel like that should have been addressed in the numerous times that we could address --.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 8.  The trial court then interjected, stating: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Yeah.  I\rquote m inclined to have that -- while I agree, we don
\rquote t want in any way to suggest to the jury they may not be able to come to a decision, of course, but that\rquote s -- it\rquote s also in the instruction which says must have a unanimous decision, or is -- yeah -
- the decision must be unanimous.  So I\rquote m inclined to just probably have that portion of the verdict form remain, but I do understand the suggestion.  I appreciate it, as well.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
  Thus, the verdict forms given to the jury included the \'93unable to decide\'94 language.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488\charrsid4018724 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [6]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
At approximately 3:00 p.m. on June 3, 2013, after receiving its instructions from the court, the jury began deliberating.  The trial court instructed the jury not to deliberate past 4:50 p.m. that day.  At the end of the day, the court excuse
d the jury for the night and instructed them to return at 9:00 a.m. the following morning to resume their deliberations.  At approximately 10:05 a.m. the following day, the jury sent a note to the court requesting audio playback of certain testimony.  Tr.
 at 2-3 (Jury Trial, June 4, 2013).  After the audio was played, the jury resumed deliberations, taking a break for lunch.  At 4:39 p.m., the jury sent a note to the court, stating, \'93We have come to our decision.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5992990 Tr. at 11 (Jury Trial, June 4, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488   The jury was brought in, and the foreperson was asked, \'93Has the jury unanimously agreed on its verdict?\'94, to which the foreperson replied, \'93
Yes, Your Honor.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488   After seeing the verdict forms, the court remarked, \'93One of the verdicts or verdict forms, ther
e does not seem to be an indication.  Mr. Foreperson, did you intend to submit it this way?\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 12.  The foreperson replied, \'93Yes.\'94  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488   Immediately thereafter, counsel and the court engaged in a sidebar discussion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid5771488 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12785333 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid5771488 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  Unfortunately, the sidebar was inaudibl
e for transcription purposes.  Thus, we do not have the benefit of reading the substance of the discussion or verifying the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3681992 subsequent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
 statements made in reference to the sidebar (discussed further below).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [7]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 After the sidebar, the court stated:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
The Court at this time is in receipt of the verdict forms associated with this trial.  As to Count 1 based on an indication from the foreperson, the Court takes this count and the indication that the jury is unable to decide whether the defendant i
s guilty or not guilty of this charge and that is Count 1, and it is signed and dated below.  Therefore, the jury technically in [sic] a hung jury as to the inability to reach a unanimous verdict as to not guilty or guilty.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
  The foreperson then published the jury\rquote s verdict as to Count 2, indicating that the jury found Pablo not guilty of that count.  The parties requested polling of the jury.  The jury was discharged, but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5591401 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 asked to remain for a few m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3362888 inutes for polling.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [8]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 After the jury exited the courtroom, the court addressed Pablo:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
THE COURT:  Again, the indication by the foreperson is that I guess unanimously they could not come to a decision.  Therefore, the Court believes that it should declare a mistrial as to Count 1.  This means a few things.  I\rquote 
ll let your lawyer explain that to you, Mr. Pablo.  Otherwise, you have been deemed, of course, not guilty by a jury of your peers as to the second count.  The Court at this time will -- I mean, ultimately I believe it\rquote 
s a refiling, correct, upon a mistrial \endash  jurisdiction, Mr. Trapp?
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12543163 [DEFENSE COUNSEL]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 :  Well, you know, I like to say everything that\rquote s totally in our favor and forget about the rest.  Okay, it\rquote 
s a mistrial and so, therefore, the Government could retry him.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 THE COURT:  They could retry him.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
 at 14-15.  The People thereafter indicated that it intended to retry the case and asked the court to set trial dates.  After the close of proceedings, counsel took turns po}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3362888 lling the jury.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [9]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488\charrsid4538288 Ten days}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
 later, Pablo filed a motion to dismiss Count 1 on double jeopardy grounds, arguing that the mistrial on that count \'93resulted from judicial and prosecutorial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6639180 impropriety }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5771488 designed to avoid an acquittal.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6095044 RA, tab 102 at 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  (Mot. Dismiss, June 14, 2013).  Specifically, Pablo alleged that the inclusion of the \'93
unable to decide\'94 language, over his objection, amounted to prosecutorial and judicial misconduct as the language \'93was contrary to and called into question the duty of the jurors to deliberate in an effort to reach a verdict of no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6095044 t guilty or guilty.\'94  RA, tab 101}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 2 (Mem. Supp. Mot. Dismiss, June 14, 2013).  Pablo also argued that the \'93unable to decide\'94
 language foreclosed the jury from retiring and continuing its deliberations, because at that point, \'93The verdict form was signed and dated.  The jurors had reached their decision.  Their decision was final.  And all after only one day.\'94  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 3.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [10]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 In response, the People indicated that it had \'93had no objection to the Court\rquote 
s proposed verdict forms and left it for the Court to decide how to construct the final version o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6095044 f the verdict form.\'94  RA, tab 105}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 2 (People\rquote 
s Resp. to Defense\rquote s Mot. to Acquit & Dismiss the Charge, June 21, 2013).  The People then recounted the details of the sidebar discussion that took place immediately after the court received the signed verdict forms from the jury:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid5771488 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12785333 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid5771488 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  In his reply to the People\rquote s response, Pablo did
 not refute the veracity of the People\rquote s recitation of the substance of the sidebar discussion.  However, as there is no transcript of the sidebar, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8464326 we are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
 unable to verify whether this is in fact an accurate account of what took place.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri720\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
The Court called the foreperson to the bench with both counsel present.  The foreperson explained that there were two entrenched positions on the jury and that they would not be able to reach a unanimous verdict e
ven if given time to deliberate further.  There was a discussion amongst counsel and the Court as to whether to order the jury to continue to deliberate.  The Defense specifically asked the Court not to order the jury to further deliberate and instead to 
declare a mistrial based on a hung jury.  The Court then declared a mistrial.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
  The People then argued that Pablo\rquote s motion to dismiss was without merit:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
[T]hough Defendant certainly made a strong pitch to use its provided verdict form, Defense counsel sp
ecifically did not ask the Court to instruct the jurors to continue deliberating.  So even though Defense initially objected, by not objecting to the Court not ordering the jurors to continue to deliberate, Defendant concurred that the outcome was proper.
  The only case Defendant cites is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Jorn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 .  The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Jorn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
 decision specifically dealt with the situation when the Court aborted the proceedings prior to the verdict without the Defendant\rquote s consent.  This is not the situation in this case.  There was no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 
sua sponte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  declaration of a mistrial. . . .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri720\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 \tab 
Second, Defendant is asserting that the Court, by putting forth a verdict form that allows the foreperson to sign without selecting guilty or not guilty, and the People, by not objecting to this form, are encouraging hung juries, which in the Defendant
\rquote s position is judicial and prosecutorial misconduct.  Defendant\rquote s argument that a decision to use one verdict form over the other constitutes judicial misconduct falls significantly short of the mark, especially under the high \'93
abuse of discretion\'94 standard.  Instead, Defendant wants to have his cake and eat it too: he did not object and in fact concurred that the Court should declare a mistrial based on a hung jury, rather than requiring the jury to continue to deliberate, a
nd now he wants to use that ruling that he concurred with to try to obtain a dismissal based on double jeopardy.  Such a motion must fail.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 4.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [11]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 During the hearing on Pablo\rquote s motion to dismiss, the People mentioned that \'93
the Court was there when the foreperson came and told them that there were two intrenched [sic] camps, and that led to the hung jury.\'94  Tr. at 3 (Mot. Hr\rquote g, June 28, 2013).
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [12]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Pablo\rquote s counsel argued that after he heard that the jury\rquote s note had said, \'93
we have come to our decision,\'94 \'93there was no way [he] was going to ask to have the jury sent back out.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 6.  He further stated, \'93I don
\rquote t even know that an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid5771488 Allen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  charge would be appropriate.  Your Honor did announce that the bench -- and it\rquote s on the record that you\rquote 
re not a fan of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid5771488 Allen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  charge.  I think that\rquote s almost verbatim of what you said.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid5771488 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12785333 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid5771488 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  It is unclear when this statement was alleged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8464326 ly made by the trial court, as we}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  could not find such a s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8464326 tatement in the transcripts.  We }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
presume it was made during the sidebar discussion that took place during the reading of the verdicts.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
  Pablo\rquote s counsel then continued:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
And the reason that I did not want them to go off and deliberate some more is because they had been deliberating from the very beginning under an instruction that said, well, you don\rquote 
t really have to try all that hard, so in the meantime, knowing that option, seven jurors supposedly -- or at least not a majority of the jurors.  They simply said, well, we think this and you know, they said that, and 
they had been deliberating up to that point under that conception.
\par And apparently some of them drew conclusions, took positions that they might not have taken if they thought that they really had to listen to the other side and reconsider their -- and care
fully reconsider their positions instead of simply saying, well, we vote this way and we vote that way, so okay, we have done the third option.  It was too late.  We were entitled to unspoiled [sic] jury, a jury that understood that they had to break thei
r butts to get a verdict here and kick it back and forth until they did.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
And instead for all the time they deliberated up to the end of the first full day they were under the impression that, well, let\rquote s see, should we vote guilty, not guilty or just state 
that we have certain positions.  It was too late, too late, to unspoil what had happened to that jury.  And there\rquote s no question but what we objected to it.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 7-8; }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 see also id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 13 (\'93I know lots of cases where the jury is unable to decide.  They passed in a note and say, we can\rquote 
t decide.  But, to my amazement they passed in, we have come to our decision.  They reached a verdict, the verdict is that they couldn\rquote t find guilty or not guilty.  That\rquote s the verdict.  It\rquote s signed by the foreperson.  It\rquote s date
d, it\rquote s too late to send them back anymore.  It is their verdict.  It says verdict form, that\rquote s their verdict.  And it was provoked, and I say intentionally because it wasn\rquote 
t accidental.  It was intentional to put that language in there.  It has to be intentional because I argued up one side and down the other against it.\'94 (argument by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16217711 defense counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 )).
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [13]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 After hearing the arguments on the motion, the trial court stated that it would \'93
examine the record further.  As there\rquote s some citation to -- in your argument about what may have been said at the bench when the foreperson came forward with the verdict forms.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid5771488 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12785333 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid5771488 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  Presumably, this is a reference to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16217711 
defense counsel\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  allegation that the trial court had indicated that it was not a fan of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Allen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
 charge.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 14-15.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488\charrsid5778183 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [14]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 On October 2, 2013, the trial court issued a Decision and Order denying Pablo\rquote 
s motion to dismiss.  The court determined that Pablo \'93fail[ed] to provide any evidence that the verdict forms were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 intended}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  to provoke a mistrial.\'94  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15688217 RA, tab 109 at 4 (Dec. & Order, Oct. 2, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488   The court also noted that other jurisdictions have used similar language in their verdict forms.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 State v. Daniels}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 156 P.3d 905, 908 (Wash. 2007); }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 State v. Christian}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 184 Ohio App. 3d 1, 2009-Ohio-4811, 919 N.E.2d 271, at \'b6 21).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid5771488 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12785333 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid5771488 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  The court\rquote s Decision and Order did not address the court\rquote s alleged statement that it was not a fan of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid5771488 Allen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  charge.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [15]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 On October 14, 2013, Pablo filed a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15405782 n amended}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid397112 petition for permission to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , reiterating his arguments below that the \'93unable to decide\'94
 language in the verdict form was judicial and prosecutorial impropriety designed to avoid an acquittal, and that further prosecution on Count 1 was barred by the Double Jeopardy Clause.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15405782 People v. Pablo, CRA13-019}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  (Second Am. Verified Pet. Permission Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15405782 at 4 (}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Oct. 14, 2013}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15405782 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 ).
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [16]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 This court issued an order denying Pablo\rquote s petition.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15405782 People v. Pablo, CRA13-019}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  (Order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15405782  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Nov. 12, 2013)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15405782 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666 We}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  noted that in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666 our}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 People v. Torres}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 2008 Guam 26, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666 we}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5771488  held that in order to exercise discretionary review of a denial of a motion to dismiss on double jeopardy grounds, the defendant must first surmount a \'93quasi-appellate-pleading-requirement\'94 hurdle.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9316666 People v. Pablo, CRA13-019 (Order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15405782  at 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 
Torres}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 2008 Guam 26 \'b6 13).  A defendant, therefore, must satisfy a threshold requirement of putting forth a \'93colorable claim\'94 of double jeopardy in order to obtain interlocutory review.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488   
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3473413 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [17]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Reviewing the single case cited by Pablo in support of his petition, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Oregon v. Kennedy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 
456 U.S. 667 (1982), as well as the limited record provided to this court, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666 we}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  determined that Pablo failed to make a colorable claim of double jeopardy.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666 People v. Pablo, CRA13-019 (Order at 3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666 We}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  read }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Kennedy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  to stand for the proposition that a defendan
t may assert the bar of double jeopardy after moving for a mistrial where the cause of the mistrial is misconduct on the part of the government intended to \'93goad\'94 the defendant into seeking a mistrial.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Kennedy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 456 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4010398 U.S. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 at 676).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666 We}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  noted that from the limited record in Pablo\rquote s case, 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri720\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 it appears that Pablo did not object to the court\rquote 
s decision to declare a mistrial after the foreperson of the jury informed the trial court that the jury was deadlocked and would be unable to reach a unanimous verdict even after further deliberation.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 
See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 People\rquote s Verified Answer at 6 (Oct. 23, 2013).  It is difficult for this court to see how the bare allegation that the trial court\rquote s use of this particular verdict form \endash 
 where the jury informed the court it was unable to reach a unanimous verdict, and where Pablo asked that the trial court not make them deliberate further and instead declare a mistrial \endash  amounted to misconduct designed to subvert Pablo\rquote 
s double jeopardy protections.  As such, we cannot find that Pablo has met the threshold requirement of making a colorable claim of double jeopardy.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid397112 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [18]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Pablo was retried on and found guilty of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10881793 
 Second Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 .  Judgment was entered, and Pablo timely filed a notice of appeal.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 II.  JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3473413\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [19]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 This court has jurisdiction over an appeal from a final judgment of conviction pursuant to 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7 1424-1(a)(2) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666 (Westlaw through Pub. L. 114-222}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11145023  (2016}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 )), 7 GCA \'a7\'a7 3107 and 3108(a) (2005), and 8 GCA \'a7 130.15(a) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488\charrsid11560187 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 III.  STANDARD OF REVIEW
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12984686 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [20]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 We review a claim of double jeopardy }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 People v. Quenga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 2015 Guam 39 \'b6 8 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 People v. San Nicolas}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 2001 Guam 4 \'b6 8).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 IV.  ANALYSIS
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3473413\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3473413 [21]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3473413 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
Pablo argues that he is entitled to reversal of his conviction on double jeopardy grounds.  He contends that the inclusion of the \'93unable to decide\'94
 language in the verdict forms in his first trial amounted to impropriety on the part of the trial court and the prosecutor as it was intended to and did provoke a mistrial.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid9316666 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Appellant\rquote s Br. at 14-15 (June 8, 2015).  Pablo argues that the decision to include the \'93unable to decide\'94 language \'93
could not have been intended for anything other than to provoke a mistrial.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 14.  He queries:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Why . . . did the verdict form say that \'93[i]f you are unable to
 decide whether the Defendant is guilty or not guilty of this charge, your foreperson will sign and date this form below\'94?  Was it accidental?  Or course not.  Was it intentional?  Of course.  There must have been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid5771488 some}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  intention.  Was the intention to provoke a mistrial?  What else?  Why else instruct the jury [this way]?  Especially as Pablo\rquote 
s objection that it could provoke a mistrial was fully understood?  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 Neither the prosecution no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid4354163 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 
 the [S]uperior [C]ourt has ever said.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
 at 15 (first alteration in original) (citations omitted).  Finally, Pablo contends that neither }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Daniels}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  nor }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 
Christian}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , the cases cited by the trial court as examples of other jurisdictions that have used similar language in their verdict forms, addresses the issue he raises in any way.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10175437 [22]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10175437 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 In its three-page response, the People argue that under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid5771488 Kennedy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , Pablo is required to show \'93\lquote intent on the part of the prosecutor to subvert the protections afforded by the Double Jeopardy Clause.\rquote \'94  Appellee\rquote 
s Br. at 2-3 (July 23, 2015)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4664003  (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid4664003\charrsid12191497 Kennedy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4664003 , 456 U.S. at 676)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5771488 .  The People state that there is no evidence to suggest that either the prosecution or the court intended to induce a mistrial by use of the verdict form.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 3.  Citing to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Christian}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Daniels}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5771488 , the People also contend that \'93[v]erdict forms contemplating the inability of the jury to reach a verdict are not misconduct }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 per se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 .\'94  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 3.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488\charrsid13397995 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10175437 [23]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10175437 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 \'93
The Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment protects a criminal defendant from repeated prosecutions for the same offense.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Kennedy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 456 U.S. at 671 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10951659 (footnote omitted) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 United States v. Dinitz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
, 424 U.S. 600, 606 (1976)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10951659 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 .  \'93As }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10951659 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
part of this protection against multiple prosecutions, the Double Jeopardy Clause affords a criminal defendant a \lquote valued right to have his trial completed by a particular tribunal.\rquote \'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 671-72 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Wade v. Hunter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 336 U.S. 684, 689 (1949)).  However, the Clause does not \'93
guarantee to the defendant that the State will vindicate its societal interest in the enforcement of the criminal laws in one proceeding.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
 at 672 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 United States v. Jorn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 400 U.S. 470, 483-84 (1971) (plurality opinion)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10434224 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid10434224\charrsid15342652 Wade}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10434224 , 336 U.S.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15342652  at 689}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 ).  \'93[O]therwise, \lquote 
the purpose of law to protect society from those guilty of crimes frequently would be frustrated by denying courts power to put the defendant to trial again.\rquote \'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid10434224  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10434224 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid10434224\charrsid10434224 Wade}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10434224 , 336 U.S. at 689).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5771488\charrsid10434224 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10175437 [24]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10175437 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Where a trial is terminated over the defendant\rquote s objection, \'93
the classical test for lifting the double jeopardy bar to a second trial is the \lquote manifest necessity\rquote  standard.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 .  The most common form of 
\'93manifest necessity\'94 is a mistrial declared by a judge following the jury\rquote s declaration that it was unable to reach a verdict.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488   \'93The 
\lquote manifest necessity\rquote  standard provides sufficient protection to the defendant\rquote s interests in having his case finally decided by the jury first selected while at the same time maintaining \lquote the public\rquote 
s interest in fair trials designed to end in just judgments.\rquote \'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Wade}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 336 U.S. at 689).
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10175437 [25]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10175437 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Different principles come 
into play in the case of a mistrial declared at the request of the defendant.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488   Where the defendant himself has elected to terminate the proceedings, the 
\'93manifest necessity\'94 standard does not apply.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid9316666 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Thus, generally, a mistrial declared on the defendant
\rquote s motion is not a bar to retrial.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 See id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
 at 672-73.  There is, however, a narrow exception to the rule that the Double Jeopardy Clause does not bar retrial where the defendant moves for a mistrial.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid9316666 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9316666   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Where a mistrial arose from prosecutorial or judicial actions done \'93in order to goad the [defendant] into requesting a mistrial,\'94 the general rule does not apply.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12191781   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid12191781 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12191781  at 673 (alteration in original) (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid12191781 Dinitz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12191781 , 424 U.S. at 611).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488   \'93In such a case, the defendant\rquote s valued right to complete his 
trial before the first jury would be a hollow shell if the inevitable motion for mistrial were held to prevent a later invocation of the bar of double jeopardy in all circumstances.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10175437 [26]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10175437 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Rejecting its earlier notions that the test in such a situation is a generalized standard of \'93
bad faith conduct\'94 or \'93harassment\'94 on the part of the judge or prosecutor, the Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Kennedy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
 held that the standard to be applied must examine the intent of the governmental actor:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Prosecutorial conduct that might be viewe
d as harassment or overreaching, even if sufficient to justify a mistrial on defendant\rquote 
s motion, therefore, does not bar retrial absent intent on the part of the prosecutor to subvert the protections afforded by the Double Jeopardy Clause.  A defendant\rquote s motion for a mistrial constitutes a \'93
deliberate election on his part to forgo his valued right to have his guilt or innocence determined before the first trier of fact.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 United States v. Scott}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
, 437 U.S. 82, 93 (1978).  Where prosecutorial error even of a degree sufficient to warrant a mistrial has occurred, \'93
[t]he important consideration, for purposes of the Double Jeopardy Clause, is that the defendant retain primary control over the course to be followed in the event of such error.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Dinitz}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 424 U.S. at 609.  Only where the governmental conduct in question is intended to \'93goad\'94
 the defendant into moving for a mistrial may a defendant raise the bar of double jeopardy to a second trial after having succeeded in aborting the first on his own motion.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 67
5-76}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3898225  (alteration in original)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 see also id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  at 679 (\'93
We do not by this opinion lay down a flat rule that where a defendant in a criminal trial successfully moves for a mistrial, he may not thereafter invoke the bar of double jeopardy against a second trial
.  But we do hold that the circumstances under which such a defendant may invoke the bar of double jeopardy in a second effort to try him are limited to those cases in which the conduct giving rise to the successful motion for a mistrial was intended to p
rovoke the defendant into moving for a mistrial.\'94).
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10175437 [27]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10175437 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 While the present case involves a hung jury, which the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid5771488 Kennedy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  Court described as the \'93prototypical\'94 example of a situation in which the \'93manifest necessity\'94 standard applies, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666 
456 U.S. at 672, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 the circumstances of this case require this court to go beyond mere application of the \'93manifest necessity\'94
 standard.  Additionally, while Pablo did not object to the declaration of a mistrial (and by some accou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9316666 nts, he may have even asked for one}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 ), simple applica
tion of the general rule\emdash that retrial may be had where the mistrial was declared at the defendant\rquote s request\emdash is likely not warranted.  Pablo makes a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4000574 persuasive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  argument about the reasons he chose not to object to the mistrial declaration and why that choice should not be counted against him.  He argues that by the time the jury rendered its \'93decision,\'94
 any further deliberations would have been fruitless because the jury was already tainted by the suggestive language in the court\rquote s verdict form, having operat
ed under the notion that it did not really have to work towards a unanimous verdict but instead could just indicate that it was unable to decide.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10175437\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10175437 [28]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10175437 
\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4000574 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 s provided in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Kennedy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
, the relevant inquiry is whether the conduct giving rise to the mistrial in this case was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488\charrsid11224168 intended to provoke}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1783446  a mistrial.  On that point, we}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  believe Pablo\rquote s appeal ultimately fails.  He argues that intent is shown by the fact that the giving of the verdict form with the \'93unable to decide\'94
 language was an intentional act; that the inclusion of the language was not merely accidental, particularly in light of the fact that it was included over Pablo\rquote s objection.  Appellant\rquote 
s Br. at 15.  He further contends that the intent behind including the language was clearly to provoke a mistrial, beca
use there could have been no other reason behind the decision to keep the language in, especially after he argued that the language could encourage a hung jury.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5771488 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10175437 [29]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10175437 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 While it is clear that the inclusion of the language was intentional, as in there was
 a conscious decision on the part of the trial court to keep the language in, over Pablo\rquote s objection, it is not clear that the reason behind this decision was to provoke a mistrial.  After listening to Pablo\rquote s objection to the \'93
unable to decide\'94 language, the court decided:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa240\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 Yeah.  I\rquote m inclined to have that -- while I agree, we don
\rquote t want in any way to suggest to the jury they may not be able to come to a decision, of course, but that\rquote s -- it\rquote s also in the instruction which says must have a unanimous decisio
n, or is -- yeah -- the decision must be unanimous.  So I\rquote m inclined to just probably have that portion of the verdict form remain, but I do understand the suggestion.  I appreciate it, as well.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1783446\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
Tr. at 8-9 (Jury Trial, June 3, 2013).  It appears the court believed that the jury instruction regarding the requirement of a unanimous decision would negate any potential suggestiveness of the \'93unable to decide\'94
 language in the verdict form.  Putting aside the questionable wisdom of that decision, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1783446 we are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  hard-pressed to find that behind the trial court\rquote 
s decision to include the language was its intent to provoke a mistrial.  The record, although a cold one,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid5771488 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s23\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12785333 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs25\super\insrsid5771488 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  In the typical case, the accusation of misconduct is made against the prosecutor, and the appellate court has the benefit of the trial court\rquote 
s finding of fact as to whether the prosecutor\rquote s conduct was intended to provoke a mistrial.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488 See Kennedy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 , 456 U.S. at 675.  In this case, h
owever, because Pablo\rquote s primary allegation of misconduct is lodged against the trial court itself, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1783446 we}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  cannot simply rely on the trial court\rquote 
s determination that Pablo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488\charrsid3474797  \'93fail[ed] to provide any evidence that the verdict forms were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5771488\charrsid3474797 intended}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488\charrsid3474797  to provoke a mistrial.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1512394 RA, tab 109 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 at 45 (Dec. & Order).}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488  lacks any suggestion that either the trial court or the prosecutor intended to provoke a mistrial by keeping in the \'93unable to decide\'94 language.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid1783446 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12785333 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\fs20\super\insrsid1783446\charrsid12785333 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1783446  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 Because this case can be decided through application of the test set forth in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 Kennedy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 , we need not determine whether the \'93unable to decide\'94 should have been included in the verdict form.  It is worth noting, howev
er, that both cases cited by the trial court and reiterated by the People to suggest that the inclusion of the language in this case was not improper}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid3362888 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid3362888 are distinguishable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 
 from this case.  The trial court in its Decision and Order and the People in its appellate brief rely on the fact that other jurisdictions have included similar language in their verdict forms.  However, both cases cited, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 Daniels}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 Christian}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 , are distinguishable from the circumstances of this case, as those cases involved lesser included offenses while this case did not.  In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 Daniels}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 :
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sb120\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid12785333 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 
At trial the jury was given two verdict forms: verdict form A pertained to the homicide by abuse charge and verdict form B pertained to the second degree murder charge.  The jury was instructed to fill in not
 guilty or guilty on form A if it unanimously agreed on a verdict as to the homicide by abuse charge, otherwise it should leave it blank.  If the jury either found Daniels not guilty of homicide by abuse or could not agree as to that charge, the jury was 
then instructed to consider the second degree felony }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid9580335 murder }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 charge.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12785333 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 156 P.3d at 908}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid9580335  (footnote and citation omitted)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 .  Similarly, in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 Christian}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 , \'93[v]erdict form (A) [pertaining to charges of felonious assault] instructed the jury to proceed to verdict form (C
) [pertaining to charges of complicity to commit felonious assault] if the verdict in form (A) was not guilty or if they were \lquote unable to decide on a verdict.\rquote \'94  184 Ohio App. 3d 1, 2009-Ohio-4811, 919 N.E.2d 271, at \'b6 7.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid13194228   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1783446\charrsid1783446 Neither party points to a case outside the lesser-included-offense context in which the \'93unable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid13194228  to decide\'94 language was used.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1783446 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5771488 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid12984686 \page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5771488 V.  CONCLUSION
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10175437 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10175437 [30]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10175437 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 For the reasons set forth above, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13194228 we find that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5771488 
 retrial on Count 1 was not barred by the Double Jeopardy Clause.  Although it may have been the case that the \'93unable to decide\'94 language led the jury 
to not take its role as seriously as it would have had it not been suggested that the jury could simply say that it was unable to decide, it does not appear from the record that the trial court\rquote s decision to include the language (and the prosecutor
\rquote s concurrence with this decision) was motivated by intent to provoke a mistrial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13194228   Accordingly, we }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid13194228 AFFIRM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13194228 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15806274 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12015323\charrsid13194228 
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