{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f2\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset0\fprq1{\*\panose 02070309020205020404}Courier New;}{\f3\fbidi \froman\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05050102010706020507}Symbol;}{\f10\fbidi \fnil\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05000000000000000000}Wingdings;}
{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}{\f37\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\f38\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604030504040204}Tahoma;}
{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f335\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f336\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f338\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f339\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f340\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f341\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f342\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f343\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f355\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset238\fprq1 Courier New CE;}
{\f356\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset204\fprq1 Courier New Cyr;}{\f358\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset161\fprq1 Courier New Greek;}{\f359\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset162\fprq1 Courier New Tur;}{\f360\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset177\fprq1 Courier New (Hebrew);}
{\f361\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset178\fprq1 Courier New (Arabic);}{\f362\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset186\fprq1 Courier New Baltic;}{\f363\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset163\fprq1 Courier New (Vietnamese);}{\f675\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}
{\f676\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}{\f678\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f679\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f682\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}
{\f683\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}{\f705\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\f706\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\f708\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}
{\f709\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\f712\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\f713\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\f715\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Tahoma CE;}
{\f716\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Tahoma Cyr;}{\f718\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Tahoma Greek;}{\f719\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Tahoma Tur;}{\f720\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Tahoma (Hebrew);}
{\f721\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Tahoma (Arabic);}{\f722\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Tahoma Baltic;}{\f723\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Tahoma (Vietnamese);}{\f724\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 Tahoma (Thai);}
{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;
\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;\red26\green26\blue26;}
{\*\defchp }{\*\defpap \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 }\noqfpromote {\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 \sqformat \spriority0 \styrsid14773362 Normal;}{
\s3\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs27\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs27\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext3 \slink15 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid14773362 heading 3;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden \sunhideused \spriority1 Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext11 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \sqformat Normal Table;}{\*\cs15 
\additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs27 \sbasedon10 \slink3 \slocked \spriority9 \styrsid14773362 Heading 3 Char;}{\s16\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
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\sbasedon0 \snext16 \sqformat \spriority34 \styrsid14773362 List Paragraph;}{\*\cs17 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid14773362 co_searchterm;}{\*\cs18 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i 
\sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority20 \styrsid14773362 Emphasis;}{\*\cs19 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\cf2 \sbasedon10 \sunhideused \styrsid14773362 Hyperlink;}{\*\cs20 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid14773362 apple-converted-space;}{\s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs16\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f38\fs16\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext21 \slink22 \sunhideused \styrsid14773362 Balloon Text;}{\*\cs22 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \f38\fs16 \sbasedon10 \slink21 \slocked \styrsid14773362 
Balloon Text Char;}{\*\cs23 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid14773362 co_starpage;}{\*\cs24 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b \sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority22 \styrsid14773362 Strong;}{\*\cs25 \additive 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid14773362 ssens;}{\*\cs26 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid14773362 vi;}{\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\brdrt
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\s28\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrt\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 \brdrl\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 \brdrb\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 \brdrr\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 
\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\rtlgutter\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 \sbasedon0 \snext28 \slink29 \styrsid14773362 footnote text;}{\*
\cs29 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\cf1\ulc1 \sbasedon10 \slink28 \slocked \styrsid14773362 Footnote Text Char;}{\*\cs30 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super \sbasedon10 \sunhideused \styrsid14773362 footnote reference;}{
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\sbasedon0 \snext31 \slink32 \sunhideused \styrsid14773362 header;}{\*\cs32 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22 \sbasedon10 \slink31 \slocked \styrsid14773362 Header Char;}{\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
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footer;}{\*\cs34 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22 \sbasedon10 \slink33 \slocked \styrsid14773362 Footer Char;}{\s35\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\brdrt\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 \brdrl
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\sbasedon0 \snext37 \slink38 \sunhideused \styrsid14773362 annotation text;}{\*\cs38 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37 \sbasedon10 \slink37 \slocked \styrsid14773362 Comment Text Char;}{
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\sbasedon37 \snext37 \slink40 \sunhideused \styrsid14773362 annotation subject;}{\*\cs40 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f37 \sbasedon38 \slink39 \slocked \styrsid14773362 Comment Subject Char;}{
\s41\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext41 \shidden \ssemihidden \styrsid14773362 Revision;}{
\s42\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext42 \slink43 \sunhideused \styrsid14773362 
endnote text;}{\*\cs43 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37 \sbasedon10 \slink42 \slocked \styrsid14773362 Endnote Text Char;}{\*\cs44 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super \sbasedon10 \sunhideused \styrsid14773362 endnote reference;}{\*
\cs45 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\cf12 \sbasedon10 \sunhideused \styrsid14773362 FollowedHyperlink;}{\*\ts46\tsrowd\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv
\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon11 \snext46 \spriority59 \styrsid3371415 Table Grid;}}
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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14773362\charrsid3885729 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM
\par 
\par THE PEOPLE OF GUAM,
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14773362\charrsid3885729 Plaintiff-Appellee,
\par 
\par v.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14773362\charrsid3885729 CHAD RYAN DE SOTO,
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14773362\charrsid3885729 Defendant-Appellant.
\par 
\par 
\par Supreme Court Case No.:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371415\charrsid3885729  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14773362\charrsid3885729 CRA14-025
\par Superior Court Case No.:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371415\charrsid3885729  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14773362\charrsid3885729 CF0083-13
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14773362\charrsid3885729 
\par OPINION
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14773362\charrsid3885729 
\par Filed:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371415\charrsid3885729  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14773362\charrsid3885729 April 11, 2016
\par 
\par Cite as: 2016 Guam 12
\par 
\par Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam
\par Argued and submitted on August 11, 2015
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid14820904\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0
\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appearing for Defendant-Appellant:
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Stephen P. Hattori, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Esq}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 .
\par Alternate Public Defender
\par DNA Bldg. 
\par 238 Archbishop F.C. Flores St., Ste. 902}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96910}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appearing for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  Plaintiff-Appellee:
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 James C. Collins, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Esq}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 .
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Office of the Attorney General
\par Prosecution Division
\par 590 S. Marine Corps Dr., Ste. 706
\par Tamuning, GU 96913}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow
\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid14820904\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
\par 
\par BEFORE: ROBERT J. TORRES, Chief Justice; F. PHILIP CARBULLIDO, Associate Justice; KATHERINE A. MARAMAN, Associate Justice.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
\par CARBULLIDO, J.:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [1]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Defendant-Appellant Chad Ryan De Soto appeals from a final judgment convicting him of three counts of Aggravated Murder and eleven counts of Attempted Aggravated Murder following his attack against pedestrians in Tumon.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 De Soto first argues the convictions
 should be reversed because the trial court committed plain error in failing to adequately instruct the jury on the doctrine of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 diminished capacity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Second, De Soto contends the trial court committed numerous evidentiary errors, namely: (1) permitting im
pact testimony by victim and non-victim witnesses, (2) allowing impeachment evidence rebutting a defense witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s testimony about her conversations with De Soto, (3) permitting testimony of De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s psychotherapist despite the psychotherapist-patient pri
vilege, and (4) allowing the prosecutor to make improper statements that commented on the credibility of defense witnesses and implied De Soto would be released if found not guilty by reason of insanity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 De Soto believes his trial counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s failure to object to the psychotherapist}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s testimony resulted in ineffective assistance of counsel, and that these errors cumulatively denied him a fair trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 For the reasons stated below, we affirm De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s convictions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 I.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [2]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
On the night of February 12, 2013, De Soto drove his vehicle through a group of pedestrians in Tumon, injuring six people and killing one.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 After running through the pedestrians, De Soto got out of his vehicle, stabbed several people, and killed two more (hereinafter the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Incident}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [3]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
A Grand Jury indicted De Soto for three counts of Aggravated Murder (As a 1st Degree Felony), and twelve 
counts of Attempted Aggravated Murder (As a 1st Degree Felony), each accompanied by a special allegation of the Possession of a Deadly Weapon in the Commission of a Felony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
De Soto pleaded not guilty by reason of mental illness, disease or defect pursuant to 9 GCA \'a7 7.22(d).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Witness }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Impact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  Testimony During Trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [4]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
At trial, several victims and non-victims offered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 impact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  testimony regarding how the Incident affected them.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 One such witness was Roderick San Juan, a non-victim who worked as a security officer at the nearby Globe Nightclub the evening of the Incident.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
When San Juan was asked how the Incident affected him, De Soto objected on relevancy grounds, but the court overruled the objection when the People argued the statement went to bias, perception, and ability to remember.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
San Juan was permitted to testify regarding his difficulty sleeping and that he sought therapy as a result of the Incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The People asked other non-victim and victim witnesses about the effect the Incident 
had on their lives, including Frank A. Jackson, Emma Dela Cruz, Kaylani Quichocho, Nicolas Dizmang, Tony Bruce Richardson, and Yusuki Sugiyama.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 De Soto objected on either relevancy or unfair prejudice grounds to each witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \fi-432\li432\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin432\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 B.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Trial Testimony by Defense Witnesses Offered to Support De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Mental Condition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [5]}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab De Soto called several witnesses to testify regarding his mental condition.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 One physician, Dr. Leopold Arcilla, Jr., provided testimony ruling
 out the use of drugs as a possible cause of his violent behavior.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Joseph Hernandez, a former classmate of De Soto, testified that De Soto appeared sad, extremely depressed, and malnourished in the weeks leading up to the Incident.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s family members
 testified De Soto was depressed after the death of their grandfather and exhibited erratic behavior.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s girlfriend, Reanne Acasio, testified De Soto began acting strangely around January and February of 2013, when he recalled events that did not oc
cur, expressed fear of government and elitist conspiracies, and claimed to be Leviathan.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [6]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
De Soto and Acasio ceased interaction for some time, and Acasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\delrsid3632464\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 blocked his social media accounts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 However, the two had a lengthy Skype conversation the day before the Incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
In reference to her last communication with De Soto before the Incident, Acasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\delrsid3632464\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 testified that De Soto described bizarre instances of hallucinations.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The morning after the conversation, Acasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\delrsid3632464\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 stated De Soto messaged her stating }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 till it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s gone,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  presumably referencing her previous Facebook post to him stating that }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 you don}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 t know what you got till it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s gone.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 46 (Jury Trial, July 1, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [7]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
On cross-examination, Acasio was questioned concerning statements she made to investigators from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 FBI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ) following the Incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 When confronted by the prosecutor, she claimed to have forgotten certain statements made to the FBI.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
When asked whether she recalled the last thing De Soto told her when questioned by police officer Ronelle Rivera, Acasio testified she told Rivera that she had a conversation with De Soto, but was not questioned further, and that she could not recall }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 tell
ing the officer the last thing [De Soto] said to [her].}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  at 60.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The prosecutor pressed further and asked:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Q\tab 
Do you remember the last thing [De Soto] said to you being, you will forgive me for what I will do tonight; you will find out tomorrow?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 A\tab No, I never - - I don}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 t remember ever saying that.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 60.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s counsel then objected, but the content of the sidebar is inaudible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The prosecutor continued:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Q\tab 
If Detective Ronelle Rivera were to testify that you told him the last thing [De Soto] said to you on February 12th, 2013, was, you will forgive me for what I will do tonight; you will find out tomorrow, would the detective be incorrect?}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 A\tab Yes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Q\tab In your phone - - I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
m sorry - - your conversation with the FBI do you recall telling an FBI agent the last thing that [De Soto] said to you was, whatever I do tonight, I want you to forgive me?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 A\tab I don}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 t recall.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  at 62.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Acasio testified she and De Soto had rekindled their relationship after the Incident and spoke by phone while he was in prison }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 a few times a week,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  but did not talk about what she was going to testify to at trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 51.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 C.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Mental Health Testimony Offered by De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [8]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
De Soto underwent four psychological and forensic psychiatric evaluations by different practitioners.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The first mental health professional called by the defense was Dr. Michael Kim, a court-appointed psychiatrist, who examined De Soto in February of 2013.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Dr. Kim evaluated De Soto on one occasion, but was not aware of any statements made by Acasio at the time of his evaluation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The court qualified him as an expert in the field of psychiatry, and admitted his curriculum vitae and expert report.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Dr. Kim concluded that De Soto }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
was competent to stand trial . . . understood the wrongfulness of his actions . . . and able to control his actions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 22 (Jury Trial, July 7, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 However, Dr. Kim indicated that if he had access to Acasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s FBI narration and he
 had more sessions with De Soto, he might have diagnosed De Soto with a psychotic disorder.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [9]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
The defense also called Dr. Karen Fukutaki, a qualified expert in forensic psychiatry.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Dr. Fukutaki examined De Soto at the detention facility on November 2, 
2013, and reviewed police reports, a search warrant, Department of Corrections records, and FBI interview transcripts before the examination.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Dr. Fukutaki}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s curriculum vitae and report were admitted into evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 In generating her report, Dr. Fukutaki reviewed reports generated by De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s treating psychotherapist, Dr. Andrea Leitheiser, in making her evaluation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 She testified that De Soto satisfied two of the prongs of Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s insanity defense, namely that he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 didn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 t understand the wrongfulness of his actions and he didn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
t have a rational understanding of the situation in which he was involved and the consequences of his actions, but that he had some control over his actions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 22 (Jury Trial, July 8, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Furthermore, she testified De Soto was }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 grossly psychotic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  at the time of the commission of the crime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 21-22.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [10]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
The next day, the defense called Dr. Martin Blinder, another psychiatrist who evaluated De Soto.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The trial court qualified Dr. Blinder as an expert in forensic psychiatry.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Dr. Blinder evaluated De Soto in July of 2013, and his report was entered into evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 In preparing his report and evaluation, Dr. Blinder reviewed Acasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s narrative provided to the FBI, Dr. Kim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s reports, and records prepared by Dr. Leitheiser.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 In Dr. Blinder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s opinion, De Soto suffered from psychosis at the time of the Incident, and did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 not know at least the quality and the wrongfulness of his homicidal acts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 
" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 27-28 (Jury Trial, July 9, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Following Dr. Blinder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s testimony, De Soto rested his case-in-chief.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 D.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Rebuttal Witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [11]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
During rebuttal, the People called Dr. Leitheiser, who was employed as a psychologist at the Department of Corrections.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The defense objected to her qualification as an expert because she was a psychologist rather than a psychiatrist, but the objection was overruled.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Furthermore, the court noted that the defense }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
opened the door and talked about Dr. Leitheiser}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s testimony [sic] vigorously.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 25 (Jury Trial, July 10, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 There does not appear to have been an objection on privilege grounds.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Dr. Leitheiser was qualified as an expert in psychology by the court, and her mental health assessment of De Soto was admitted.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Dr. Leitheiser first evaluated De Soto on or about February 14, 2013.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
She testified that her role at the Department of Corrections was to provide }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 oversight of the mental health provision of services, and also . . . direct mental health care to the detainees and inmates.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 65.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
She generated a clinical record of De Soto for the period between February 14, 2013, and March 13, 2013, and diagnosed him with major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and a personality disorder due to challenged coping.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 In her observations, however, his thought processes were }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 logical and organized,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
 and he did not display evidence of hallucinations or delusions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [12]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
The People also called Officer Rivera to testify about an interview he conducted with Acasio.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Rivera testified that Acasio told him the last thing De Soto said to her was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 You will forgive me for what I will do tonight.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 You will find out tomorrow.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 8 (Jury Trial, July 10, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
The People next called Blake Anderson of the FBI in rebuttal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Anderson interviewed Acasio about three days after the Incident in Salt Lake City, Utah.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Anderson testified that Acasio stated the last thing De Soto told her before the Incident was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "'}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [w]hatever I do tonight, I want you to forgive me.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '" }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 16.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Addition
ally, Pay-Tel recordings between De Soto and Acasio obtained through the Guam Department of Corrections phone system were played for the jury to rebut Acasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s testimony. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 E.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jury Instructions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [13]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
During opening statements, the defense indicated they were relying on the insanity defense.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Soon after, defense counsel attempted to explain diminished capacity and the respective burdens of proof to the jury, but the People objected:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat7\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 If at the end of this evidence, you have a strong gut feeling that he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s guilty, but you still have reasonable doubt as to whether he had the mental capacity to commit these crimes - -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 MR. TYDINGCO: Objection.
\par . . . .
\par MR. MILLER: His capacity is always an issue, Your Honor.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 That}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  case.
\par . . . .
\par MR. MILLER: The standard -- the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  case tells us that in addition to not guilty by reason of mental defect, and the statute that covers that, the Government still has to prove mental capacity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
To have capacity to have the intention mens rea necessary to commit the crime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 And the jury may consider his mental illness as to what the Government is proved to the capacity issue.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The capacity never goes away, it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s still an issue.
\par . . . .
\par MR. TYDINGCO: Objections to burdens shifting, Your Honor.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 (Indiscernible 2:11:45).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \fi720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Tr. at 19 (Jury Trial, Opening Statements, June 16, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s ruling is not clear from the record, but defense counsel proceeded to a new topic following a sidebar conference.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [14]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
At the end of the trial, the court read the instructions for the affirmative defense of insanity by mental illness, disease, or defect.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Following the jury instruction regarding insanity, the court provided a diminished capacity instruction:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jury instruction 1G, diminished capacity -- you may consider evidence of the Defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s mental illness, disease, or defect on the issue of whether the prosecution has met its burden of proof beyond a reasonable doubt as to whether the Defendant has the requisite state of mind as to each and every element of the charge against him.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
\par Tr. at 69 (Jury Trial, July 17, 2014); Record on Appeal (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 RA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ), tab 181 at 1G (Jury Instructions, Aug. 4, 2014).\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s28\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14773362 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\super\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190  Jury instruction 1H charged that instructions needed to be considered 
as a whole.  Instruction 1J set forth the elements for the not guilty by reason of mental disease, illness, or defect defense, and Instruction 1K set forth the requirement of mental capacity.  }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 This instruction was suggested by De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s counsel, and was derived from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2001 Guam 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The court inquired regarding defense counsel}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s lack of including language about lesser included offenses in the instruction, but defense counsel indicated the wording reflected his understanding of the diminished capacity doctrine.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The jury was also instructed as to the People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s burden of proof.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
The court did not provide additional instructions explaining the difference between a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Not Guilty by Reason of Mental Illness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  defense and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Diminished Capacity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  doctrine.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Defense counsel did not object to the instructions presented at trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 F.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Closing Arguments}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [15]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
During closing arguments, the People made the following statements, commenting on Acasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s credibility:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 In the end, those key statements, Reanne Acasio most likely perjured herself.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 You can conclude that because she initially said she didn}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
t remember and, certainly, Detective Rivera from the FBI agency would be wrong.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \fi720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Tr. at 168 (Jury Trial, July 16, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs30\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s28\ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14773362 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs30\f0\super\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
  The prosecutor erroneously refers to Detective Rivera of the Guam Police Department as an FBI agent in this statement.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang1030\langfe1033\langnp1030\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
Tr. at 170 (Jury Trial, July 16, 2014); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang1030\langfe1033\langnp1030\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 ee }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 Tr. at 46 (Jury Trial, July 1, 2014).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The defense did not object.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The prosecutor continued:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
And much of the opinions of the doctors, the psychiatrists, psychologists was based on the stories of self-reported symptoms that he tells them, that Reanne Acasio tells them.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 That}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s what the doctors relied on.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 And Reanne Acasio gets much of the information she shares based on her conversations with which the Defendant tells her what}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s going on with him, acts what}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s going on with him.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
And what has this evidence proved to us or shown to us when it comes to the Defendant, Chad De Soto, and his girlfriend, Reanne Acasio?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 They are bold actors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Yes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 They are. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \fi720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Tr. at 170 (Jury Trial, July 16, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The defense did not object.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Finally, the prosecutor implied that De Soto would be immediately released if he prevailed on his insanity defense:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Based on all the evidence that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s been presented to you in reviewing the arguments I have presented to you, tell this actor, the Defendant, 
that this is not a theater play.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
This is not a movie script.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 It}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s not a TV show, for him to get control over his girlfriend.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Don}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 t let him walk out of here on temporary insanity defense, that he doesn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 t have mental responsibility, when the evidence shows he does, because he hasn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 t proven it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \fi720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Tr. at 195-96 (Jury Trial, July 16, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The defense did not object to this statement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [16]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Guilty verdicts were returned on August 4, 2014, to three counts of
 Aggravated Murder (As a 1st Degree Felony), each with a Special Allegation of Possession and Use of a Deadly Weapon in the Commission of a Felony, and eleven counts of Attempted Aggravated Murder (As a 1st Degree Felony), with three counts of Special All
egation of Possession and Use of a Deadly Weapon in Commission of a Felony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 De Soto was sentenced to multiple life sentences.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Judgment was entered, and De Soto timely appealed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 II.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 JURISDICTION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [17]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 This court has jurisdiction over appeals from a final judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7
 1424-1(a)(2) (Westlaw through Pub. L. 114-115 (2015)); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 7 GCA \'a7\'a7 3105, 3107(b), 3108(a) (2005); 8 GCA \'a7\'a7
 130.10, 130.15(a) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 III.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 STANDARD OF REVIEW}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [18]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The issue of whether a trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s jury instruction misstates elements of a statutory crime is reviewed }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. Root}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2005 Guam 16 \'b6 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Phillips}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  367 F.3d 846, 854 (9th Cir. 2004)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 However, where . . . the defendant fails to object to the jury instructions at trial, we will not reverse absent plain error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. Diego}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2013 Guam 15 \'b6 23 (footnote omitted) (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Felder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  2012 Guam 8 \'b6 8).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [19]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 A trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s evidentiary decisions are reviewed under an abuse of discretion standard.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. Perez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2015 Guam 10 \'b6 19 (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Where the trial court has abused its discretion in admitting certain evidence, the proper standard for evaluating whether reversal is required is the harmless error standard.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \'b6 20 (alterations, citations, and internal quotation marks omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 When a party does not raise a Guam Rules of Evidence (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 GRE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
) 403 objection at trial, but merely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [objects] to the relevance of the evidence, and the trial court overruled that objection . . . we review [the] issue for plain error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
People v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  Castro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
, 2013 Guam 20 \'b6 35 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2010 Guam 5 \'b6 13).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [20]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 A claim of ineffective a
ssistance of counsel is a mixed question of law and fact that is reviewed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Angoco v. Bitanga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2001 Guam 17 \'b6 7 (alteration omitted) (quoting }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Birtle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  792 F.2d 846, 847 (9th Cir. 1986)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [21]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Objectionable comments by the People are reviewed under a harmless error standard and will be reversed only if }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 it is more likely than not that the comment affected the jury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s verdict}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  in a way that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 taint[s] the underlying fairness of the proceedings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. Moses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2007 Guam 5 \'b6 7 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  1999 Guam 22 \'b6 18).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 However, failure to object at trial requires a plain error review.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See People v. Quitugua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2009 Guam 10 \'b6 10 (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 IV.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ANALYSIS
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Whether the Tri
al Court Adequately Instructed the Jury on the Respective Burdens of the People and De Soto Regarding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Diminished Capacity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [22]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
De Soto claims the jury instructions insufficiently advised the jury of the effect of the diminished capacity doctrine on the evidence and the parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  respective burdens of proof.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 9 (May 8, 2015).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Specifically, he stresses that the People are required to prove each element of the crimes charged beyond a reasonable doubt, and that the jury should have been instr
ucted the People were required to negate or disprove diminished capacity as it relates to the requisite mental state beyond a reasonable doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  at 8-9 (citing 8 GCA \'a7 90.21).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
The People counter that diminished capacity is not a complete defense, but instead permits evidence of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 diminished capacity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  in appropriate cases.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 32 (June 2, 2015) (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2001 Guam 15 \'b6 31).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Although the People agree that evidence of diminished capacity may be considered to negate a mental state, and the People are required to prove }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 mens rea }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
beyond a reasonable doubt, they do not believe they are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 additionally required to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 disprove }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 or negate the doctrine of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 diminished capacity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  at 34.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [23]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab Guam}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s diminished capacity doctrine is set forth in 9 GCA \'a7 7.19, and provides that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [e]vidence that the defendant suffered from mental illness, disease or defect is admissible whenever it is relevant to prove the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s state of mind.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 9 GCA \'a7 7.19 (2005); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 see also Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2001 Guam 15 \'b6\'b6 30, 37.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 This court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  evaluated
 the extent of the diminished capacity doctrine in Guam.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , we reversed the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s convictions for attempted murder and aggravated assault because the trial court erroneously failed to provide a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 sua sponte }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 jury instruction on the issue of dimini
shed capacity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 2001 Guam 15 \'b6\'b6
 1, 60.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
We adopted the majority approach, which extends the diminished capacity doctrine to both specific and general intent crimes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \'b6\'b6 39, 43-44.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
As the People suggest, this majority view interprets diminished capacity as an evidentiary doctrine that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 essentially is nothing more than a recognition that relevant evidence is admissible,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  and acknowledges the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 defendant must possess a certain state of mind . . . to be convicted}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  of a particular crime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \'b6 33 (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [A]ny evidence showing the absence of that state of mind is relevant and thus admissible to negate that element.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  (citations omitted)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ; Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 30-31.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [24]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
The People are also correct that unlike the affirmative defense of insanity, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 diminished capacity does not provide any grounds for acquittal not provided in the offense.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2001 Guam 15 \'b6 31 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
United States v. Pohlot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir. 1987)); Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 30.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Instead, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 diminished capacity is often used to reduce the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s guilt to a lesser offense}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
 upon a showing that a legally sane defendant was incapable of forming a crime}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s requisite mental state.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2001 Guam 15 \'b6 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\delrsid15084082\charrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
State v. Sessions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 645 P.2d 643, 644 (Utah 1982)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [25]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Diminished capacity is not one of Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s codified complete defenses, such as consent or justification defenses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 33 (citing 8 GCA \'a7 90.21 (discussing reasonable doubt burden of proof); 9 GCA \'a7 7.64 (defining defense of consent); 9 GCA \'a7\'a7
 7.78-7.98 (defining justification defenses)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 State v. Marchi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , the defendant analogized the diminished capacity doctrine to self-defense and challenged the trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s charge that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 did not instruct the jury that the State had to disprove [defendant}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s] diminished capacity claim.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
243 P.3d 556, 561 (Wash. Ct. App. 2010).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The court rejected the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 argument because self-defense is a lawful act that absolves the actor of culpability and, consequently, the absence of self-defense is an element the State must prove.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 562}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 State v.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 James}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  736 P.2d 700, 702 (Wash. Ct. App. 1987)).}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Self-defense requires a specific burden of proof instruction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 to avoid juror confusion about who has the burden of proof on the self-defense issue.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 James}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  736 P.2d at 702).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 However, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 unlike self-defense, diminished capacity . . . is not a }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 true}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  defense}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  because it does not add an additional element to the offense charged.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 James}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  736 P.2d at 702).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [26]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Notwithstanding the limited nature of the diminished capacity defense, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  acknowledges }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 that the concepts inherent in criminal trials, such as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 mens rea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  diminished capacity, and insanity, can be confusing to those trained in the law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 may confound a jury composed of average members of the community.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2001 Guam 15 \'b6 58.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Thus, jury instructions should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 clarify for the jury that evidence of mental illness, disease or defect was relevant to show that [a defendant] was insane }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 as well}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
 that he lacked the mental state required for conviction of the crimes of which he was charged.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [27]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab De Soto
 believes that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
leaves open the issue of what instructions should be provided when both diminished capacity and the defense of insanity are raised, turning to other jurisdictions for guidance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 9-12.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The People counter that under a pl
ain error analysis, we should consider only whether the instructions erroneously described Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s law regarding diminished capacity, particularly in light of the variability of different jurisdictions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 35.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Because Instruction 1G tracked the language of Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
case, the People analogize this case to prior decisions upholding jury instructions that track the language of Guam statutes at issue.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 35-36 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Diego}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2013 Guam 15 \'b6 28).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [28]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
The language from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 was reproduced without substantive alteration in the jury charge De Soto specifically requested, but now claims was defective:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \fi720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 You may consider evidence of the Defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s mental illness, disease, or defect on the issue of whether the prosecution has met
 its burden of proof beyond a reasonable doubt as to whether the Defendant has the requisite state of mind as to each and every element of the charge against him. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 13-14 (Jury Trial, July 14, 2014); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 see also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2001 Guam 15 \'b6 48.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs30\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14773362 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs30\f0\fs20\super\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
 We concluded in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
 that a specific instruction is the better practice when evidence is presented on the issue of mental abnormality, disease, or defect as it applies to diminished capacity:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid14773362 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
We think that the better practice in appropriate cases warrante
d by the facts would be a specific instruction to the jury that it may consider evidence of the defendant's mental illness, disease or defect on the issue of whether the prosecution's burden of proof beyond a reasonable doubt of each and every element of 
the charge against him.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\qj \li0\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid14773362 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 2001 Guam 15 \'b6\'b6
 45-48 (footnote omitted).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
The trial court cautioned that the supplemental instruction provided by defense counsel did not highlight lesser included offenses in conjunction with diminished capacity, but defense counsel indicated the instruction reflected his understanding of the do
ctrine.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Tr. at 13-14 (Jury Trial, July 14, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The jury was, however, instructed with respect to lesser included offenses of manslaughter, negligent homicide, and assault as a misdemeanor.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 92-133 (Jury Trial, July 17, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Since the defendant di
d not object at trial to the diminished capacity instruction given (which defendant requested), the standard of review is plain error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [29]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Plain error is satisfied when: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
(1) there was an error; (2) the error is clear or obvious under current law; (3) the error affected substantial rights; and (4) reversal is necessary to prevent a miscarriage of justice or to maintain the integrity of the judicial process.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Diego}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2013 Guam 15 \'b6 23 (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [30]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Under a plain error assessment, we must first determine whether there was an error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 At the end of the trial, the court first read the instructions for the affirmative defense of insanity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 69 (Jury Trial, July 17, 2014) (the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 burden of proof as to mental responsibility}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  Instruction 1F stated that it was the defense}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s burden to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
prove mental illness, disease, or defect at the time by the preponderance of the evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ); RA, tab 181 at 1F (Jury Instructions).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Following the jury instruction regarding insanity, the court provided the verbatim diminished capacity instruction requested by De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s counsel.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 69 (Jury Trial, July 17, 2014); RA, tab 181 at 1G (Jury Inst
ructions).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
De Soto now stresses that instruction did not give the jury }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 any indication that the evidence of mental illness, disease or defect was relevant to determining the specific }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 mens rea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  element of each respective crime.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2001 Guam 15 \'b6 57 (citing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
 Barrett v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  772 P.2d 559, 564-65 (Alaska Ct. App. 1989)); Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 9-12.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The People believe, however, that Instruction 1L adequately informed the jury of the People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s obligation to prove each element of each crime charged beyond a reason
able doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  Tr. at 71 (Jury Trial, July 17, 2014); Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 34.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [31]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Although De Soto may believe in hindsight that the instructions were not ideal, they were not erroneous under Guam law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The charge specifically referenced that the People bore the burden of proof.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 71 (Jury Trial, July 17, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Also, Instruction 1G tracked the language of leading Guam authority on diminished capacity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2001 Guam 15 \'b6 48.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [32]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab Like }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Marchi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jung }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
does not mandate an instruction that the People must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 disprove}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  diminished capacity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See Marchi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 243 P.3d at 561-62.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Furthermore, our prior decisions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
look[] to the evidence presented in the particular case and what tactical decisions may have been made by each party in their handling of the case based on the asserted error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 43 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Felder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2012 Guam 8 \'b6\'b6 38-48).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Because De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s counsel }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 put all of his eggs in the insanity basket}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
 rather than emphasize diminished capacity, he has failed to demonstrate on appeal that his defense would have been different.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 44-45.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [33]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
We conclude the trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s charge was not erroneous under Guam law, and need not address the remaining plain error factors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Although the trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s charge was not erroneous, we believe it would be good practice in future cases for the trial court to provide additional instructions, such as t
he detailed Connecticut instructions, that explain the difference between insanity and diminished capacity when both issues are raised by the defendant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs30\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14773362 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs30\f0\fs20\super\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190  Like Guam, Connecticut courts recognize the \'93diminished capacity\'94 doctrine\rquote s applicability for general intent crimes.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 State v. Gracewski}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 , 767 A.2d 173, 180 (Conn. App. Ct. 2001).  Connecticut\rquote 
s detailed jury instructions provide different prompts for different mental states and provide in part:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\qj \li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid14773362 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 Evidence has been presented in thi
s case indicating that the defendant was of limited or impaired mental capacity at the time of the Incident.  If the defendant, because of this diminished capacity, was unable to form the intent necessary to the crime(s) of <}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 insert the crimes to which the defense applies}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
>, then the element of intent would not have been proven for (this / these) crimes.
\par An essential element of the crime of <}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 insert offense}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
>, with which the defendant is charged, is that (he/she) acted with <}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 insert the appropriate type of intent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 :> [specific intent, recklessness, negligence, and general intent]
\par . . . .
\par The state has the burden to establish the element of the defendant\rquote s intent to commit <}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 insert specific offense}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 > beyond a reasonable doubt.  The 
defendant does not have to prove that he did not have the intent.  In deciding whether the defendant had the necessary intent, you must consider all the evidence bearing on that issue, including the evidence of the defendant's limited or impaired mental c
apacity and his conduct before, during and after the alleged Incident.  If you have a reasonable doubt on that issue, you must find (him/her) not guilty.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14773362 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
Connecticut Criminal Jury Instruction 2.7-5 (2012), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 available at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
 http://www.jud.ct.gov/JI/criminal/part2/2.7-5.htm (last visited Feb. 5, 2016).  Connecticut further tailors its instructions for specific mental states, which could be beneficial in future Guam cases.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 See id.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 B.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Whether the trial court committed evidentiary errors, which cumulatively denied De Soto a fair trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \fi-446\li446\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin446\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [34]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
De Soto next contends the trial court committed numerous evidentiary errors, namely (1) permitting impact testimony by victim and non-victim witnesses, (2) allowing impeachment evidence rebutting Acasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s testimony, (3) permitting testimony of De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s psychotherapist despite the psychotherapist\endash 
patient privilege, and (4) allowing the prosecutor to make improper statements.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 18-23.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 De Soto believes his trial counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s failure to object to the psychotherapist}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s testimony resulted in ineffective assistance of counsel, and that these errors cumulatively denied him a fair trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 21-23.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 1.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Whether the court erred in permitting impact testimony by victim and non-victim witnesses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [35]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Several witnesses were questioned on direct about the effect of the Incident on their lives, and De Soto unsuccessfully and inconsistently objected to each question on either relevancy or undue prejudice grounds.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 16-18.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 In the People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s 
view, the evidence was properly admitted to establish that the witnesses had the ability to perceive and remember the Incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 47.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [36]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
The threshold for relevancy includes }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
evidence having any tendency to make the existence of any fact that is of consequence to the determination of the action more probable or less probable than it would be without the evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Guam R. Evid. 401.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 This threshold was intended to be minimally stringent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Perez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2015 Guam 10 \'b6 40 (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Relevant evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 may be ex
cluded if its probative value is substantially outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice, confusion of the issues, or misleading the jury, or by considerations of undue delay, waste of time, or needless presentation of cumulative evidence.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Guam R. Evid. 403.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [37]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Here, the People asked non-victim and victim witnesses about the effect the Incident had on their lives, including San Juan, Jackson, Dela Cruz, Quichocho, Dizmang, Richardson, and Sugiyama.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 90 (Jury Trial, June 16, 2014); Tr. at 16-18 
(Jury Trial, June 17, 2014); Tr. at 19-20 (Jury Trial, June 19, 2014); Tr. at 93 (Jury Trial, June 19, 2014); Tr. at 35-36 (Jury Trial, June 24, 2014); Tr. at 50-51 (Jury Trial, June 24, 2014); Tr. at 17-18 (Jury Trial, June 30, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [38]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
De Soto objected on either relevancy or unfair prejudice grounds to the testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Tr. at 90 (Jury Trial, June 16, 2014) (San Juan; relevancy only); Tr. at 16-17 (Jury Trial, June 17, 2014) (Jackson; relevancy only); Tr. at 19 (Jury Trial, June 19, 2014) (Dela Cruz; re
levancy only); Tr. at 93 (Jury Trial, June 19, 2014) (Quichocho; objection at sidebar inaudible); Tr. at 35 (Jury Trial, June 24, 2014) (Dizmang; relevancy and unfair prejudice); Tr. at 50 (June 24, 2014) (Richardson; relevancy only); Tr. at 17 (Jury Tria
l, June 30, 2014) (Sugiyama; relevancy and unfair prejudice).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The only non-victim witness testimony De Soto made a prejudice objection to which was overruled was Dizmang.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 35 (Jury Trial, June 24, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs30\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s27\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14773362 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs30\f0\fs20\super\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
 The prosecutor also questioned Haruka Nohara regarding how the injuries she sustained during the Incident affected her.  Tr. at 71 (Jury Trial, June 23, 2014).  The court sustained the objection, and the argument against relevance and unfair prejudice is
 indiscernible from the record.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
at 72.  De Soto is puzzled that the trial court sustained an objection to the same question in the case of Haruka Nohara, and believes this ruling should have been extended to other witnesses.  Tr. at 71-72 (Jury Trial, June 23, 2014); Appellant\rquote 
s Br. at 18.  }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
The People contend that all other GRE 403 objections were not properly preserved for appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 50. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [39]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
The People successfully overcame the objections, arguing the testimony was relevant to bias and perception.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs30\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s28\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14773362 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs30\f0\super\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 
 Tr. at 90 (Jury Trial, June 16, 2014) (San Juan); Tr. at 16 (Jury Trial, June 17, 2014) (Jackson); Tr. at 19 (Jury Trial, June 19, 2014) (Dela Cru
z); Tr. at 93 (Jury Trial, June 19, 2014) (Quichocho); Tr. at 35 (Jury Trial, June 24, 2014) (Dizmang); Tr. at 50-51 (Jury Trial, June 24, 2014) (Richardson); Tr. at 17 (Jury Trial, June 30, 2014) (Sugiyama).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 To support their argument that the impact test
imony was relevant, the People cite }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Wilson v. Beard}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , which holds that impeachment evidence must demonstrate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 some connection between the proffered information and the witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s ability to observe the event at the time of its occurrence, to communicate his observations accurately and truthfully at trial, or to maintain a clear recollection in the meantime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Wilson v. Beard}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 589 F.3d 651, 666 (3d Cir. 2009) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Because the witnesses in this case observed the Incid
ent at a distance, the People argue the traumatic impact of the event supports witness credibility.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 48.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s reliance on impeachment authority is misplaced, however, because the testimony was offered on direct. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [40]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
The impact testimony was relevant to witness perception of the event, so the issue is whether its minimal probative value was outweighed by its prejudicial effect.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Other jurisdictions have concluded that similar admission of long-term impact testimony during the guilt phase of trial is erroneous.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 For example, in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Copple}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
, the Third Circuit Court of Appeals determined that testimony regarding the long-term impact of victims in a fraud case met the minimally stringent requirements for relevance under FRE 401, but had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 little probative value and was unfairly prejudicial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 24 F.3d 535, 546 (3rd Cir. 1994).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 In that case, many victims testified that they used their children}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s college funds to pay back losses resulting from the fraud.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 545.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Others testified that paying back the money had affected their health.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Ultimately, the court determined the error was harmless because the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
evidence overwhelmingly indicate[d] that [the defendant] knowingly devised or participated in a scheme to defraud.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  at 547.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [41]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab Similarly, in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. McVeigh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
, the defendant challenged testimony of eight victim witnesses regarding the long-term impacts of the bombings at issue.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 153 F.3d 1166, 1203 (10th Cir. 1998), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
disapproved of on other grounds by Hooks v. Ward}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 184 F.3d 1206 (10th Cir. 1999).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
One witness testified about losing his status as a pilot, another discussed medical discharge from the military due to head injuries, others provided accounts of attending funerals, and one witness told of feeling }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 fortunate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  that she was able to identify her husband}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s body.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals found this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 long-term-effects}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  testimony was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 not particularly relevant to the issues presented during the guilt phase.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Although the court found 
the trial court abused its discretion, it held the errors were harmless because }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 the long-term effects of the bombing did not add much in terms of emotional impact to the emotional elements that necessarily flowed from the proper description of the crime i
tself and it occupied only a tiny fraction of the trial time.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 1204.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [42]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
The admission of Dizmang and Sugiyama}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s impact testimony must be reviewed for harmless error because De Soto made a prejudice objection under Rule 403 during their testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Dizmang answered, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 I suffer from anxiety attacks and depression from the incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 36 (Jury Trial, June 24, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Sugiyama was a victim witness whose testimony was more extensive, but was neither lengthy nor detailed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 17-18 (Jury Trial, June 30, 2014); RA, tab 10 at 6 (Indictment, Feb. 21, 2013).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 He described the loss of his wife and his children}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s mother and how his older daughter was injured even though his wife was protecting her and fighting back.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 17-18 (Jury Trial, June 30, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 He concluded by stating that he was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 sad and angry.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 17 (Jury Trial, June 30, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [43]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab When }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 the trial court abuses its discretion in admitting certain evidence, the proper standard for evaluating whether reversal is required is the harmless e
rror standard.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Perez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2015 Guam 10 \'b6 34 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jesus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  2009 Guam 2 \'b6\'b6 53-55). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "'}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Error is harmless unless it results in actual prejudice or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 had substantial and injurious effect or influence in determining the jury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s verdict.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Williams}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  133 F.3d 1048, 1053 (7th Cir. 1998)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 A }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
harmless error inquiry analyzes the following factors: (1) the overall strength of the prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s case; (2) the prosecutor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s conduct with respect to the improperly admitted evidence; (3
) the importance of the wrongly admitted evidence; and (4) whether such evidence was cumulative of other properly admitted evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \'b6 35 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Roten}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  2012 Guam 3 \'b6 41).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s28\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [44]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Turning first to the harmless error test, the prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s case was quite strong, and overwhelming evidence identified De Soto as the assailant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
San Juan testified as to witnessing a Toyota strike pedestrians outside the Globe and Sandcastle on the evening of February 12, 2013.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 75-79 (Jury Trial, June 16, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Dela Cruz testified that she witnessed a man assault several individuals in front of the Outrigger in doing what appeared to be a stabbing motion before she ran to escape the scene.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 10-19 (Jury Trial, June 19, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Quichocho testified that
 she saw the driver emerge from the vehicle, stabbed Japanese tourists, and identified the assailant as her former classmate, De Soto.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 80-85 (Jury Trial, June 19, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 She further testified that De Soto ran towards her and attacked her with the knife.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 87-88.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Dizmang testified to witnessing a vehicle crash into the ABC store on February 12, 2013, and that he ran from the scene upon seeing the driver reveal two knives that he used to attack people.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 22-32 (Jury Trial, June 24, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 He also identified the knives pictured in People}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s Exhibits 106 and 107 as the ones wielded by the driver, and identified De Soto as the assailant in court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 33-34, 36.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Richardson testified as to witnessing a car crash into the ABC Store on February 12, 2013.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 38-43 (Jury Trial, June 24, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 He witnessed the driver emerge from the vehicle, brandishing knives and proceeding to stab a group of people.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 43-48.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Richardson identified De Soto as the assailant in court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 51-52.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Finally, Sug
iyama identified De Soto as the individual who struck his wife and young children with the vehicle, and who also attacked him, his wife and his children with a knife.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 7-17 (Jury Trial, June 30, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Sugiyama testified his wife died as a result of 
the injuries.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 16.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 As to the insanity defense, expert testimony established that De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s thoughts were organized following his arrest, and that he was competent to stand trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 21-22 (Jury Trial, July 7, 2014); Tr. at 74-75 (Jury Trial, July
 10, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [45]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Moreover, the prosecution relied very little on the impact testimony during closing arguments.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Although the prosecutor mentioned during summation that the witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  lives would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 never be the same,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  and that Sugiyama}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s children would grow up without their mother or grandmother, the majority of the prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s references to the witnesses referenced their personal knowledge of De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s actions during the Incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 148-156, 160 (Jury Trial, July 16, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The impact testimony of the witnesses was relatively insignificant in comparison with these eyewitness accounts of the Incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Viewed against the extensive backdrop of evidence and strength of the prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s case, it was harmless error to admit the impact 
testimony of Dizmang and Sugiyama because De Soto has not demonstrated the testimony had a substantial or injurious effect on the case for harmless error purposes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See Perez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2015 Guam 10 \'b6 34.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [46]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
However, since De Soto raises a GRE 403 challenge for all witnesses other than Dizmang and Sugiyama for the first time on appeal, admission of that evidence must be reviewed for plain error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
When a party does not raise a GRE 403 objection at trial, but merely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [objects] to the relevance of the evidence, and the trial court overruled that objection . . . we review this issue for plain error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Castro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2013 Guam 20 \'b6 35 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2010 Guam 5 \'b6 13).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Plain error is highly prejudicial error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Quitugua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2009 Guam 10 \'b6 11.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Under the plain error analysis, when a clear error is identified, the defendant bears the burden of establishing that error is prejudicial through }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "'}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 affect[ing] the outcome of the case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 
'" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. Fegarido}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2014 Guam 29 \'b6 41 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Mendiola}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  2010 Guam 5 \'b6
 24) (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Felder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  2012 Guam 8 \'b6 31).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
If the record does not reflect that the defendant was prejudiced by the error, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 the government will prevail.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Quitugua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  2009 Guam 10 \'b6 31).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 To be prejudicial, the error must be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "'}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 a mistake so serious that but for it the [defendant] probably would have been acquitted.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  (alteration in original) (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
United States v. Remsza}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  77 F.3d 1039, 1044 (7th Cir. 1996)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [47]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Jackson testified that the long-term impact of the Incident was significant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 16-18 (Jury Trial, June 17, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 He stated that he suffered from high blood pressure and lost his job due to difficulties stemming from witnessing the Incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 17 (Jury Trial, June 24, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Dela Cruz testified that she could not sleep the night of the Incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 20 (Jury Trial, June 19, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Quichocho, a victim witness who was stabbed, testified that she kept her emotions to herself because it was difficu
lt to communicate the various emotions she felt resulting the Incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 93 (Jury Trial, June 19, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 San Juan testified that he had difficulty sleeping for weeks following the Incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 91 (Jury Trial, June 16, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Richardson stated, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 It affected me deeply. . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 I witnessed someone losing their life in a horrible, vicious attack.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 51 (Jury Trial, June 24, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The testimony given by each of these witnesses was not lengthy or detailed, and was not relied upon by the People in their closing argument.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 148-156, 160 (Jury Trial, July 16, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 As in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 McVeigh}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , the long-term effects of the attack in this case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
did not add much in terms of emotional impact to the emotional elements that necessarily flowed from the proper description of the crime itself.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 " }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 153 F.3d at 1204 (10th Cir. 1998).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [48]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
De Soto has failed to establish that the challenged testimony of the other witnesses affected his substantial rights under a plain error analysis because the exclusion of this testimony would not likely have resulted in his acquittal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Fegarido}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2014 Guam 29 \'b6 41 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Remsza}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
 77 F.3d at 1044).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Thus, De Soto has failed to establish the impact testimony resulted in reversible error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 2.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Whether the Court Erred in Allowing Impeachment Evidence Rebutting Acasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Testimony}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \fi-360\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [49]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Questions regarding the propriety of a rebuttal witness are reviewed for an abuse of discretion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 117.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 A prior inconsistent statement may be admitted for impeachment purposes even when they are oral and unsworn.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Sisto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 534 F.2d 616, 622 (5th Cir. 1976) (citing McCormick on Evidence \'a7 34 (1972)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Questioning a witness on whether these statements occurred }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "'}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
may be drawn out in cross-examination of the witness himself, or if on cross-examination the witness has denied making the statement, or has failed to remember it, the making of the statement may be proved by another witness.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  (quoting McCormick on Evidence \'a7 34).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 However, proper foundation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 must be laid to establish that it is in fact [the witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s] statement,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  through asking the witness }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 whether he made the alleged statement, giving its substance and naming the time, place and person to whom made.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Nacrelli}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 468 F. Supp. 241, 253-54 (E.D. Pa. 1979) (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [50]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab The Second Circuit C
ourt of Appeals was persuaded by Wigmore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s Treatise that suggests }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
unwilling witness often takes refuge in a failure to remember, and the astute liar is sometimes impregnable unless his flank can be exposed to an attack of this sort.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Insana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 423 F.2d 1165, 1169 (2d Cir. 1970) (quoting III Wigmore, Evidence, \'a7 1043 (3d ed. 1940)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Insana }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
court concluded that a judge has wide discretion to admit or exclude }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 a prior sworn statement which the witness does not in fact deny he made.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 1170 (citation omitted). }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [51]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
On the other hand, the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals held that admitting the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 entire substance of a witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s disavowed, unsworn prior statements . . . abridged defendants}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  right to a fair trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  if credited by the jury.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Shoupe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
, 548 F.2d 636, 643 (6th Cir. 1977) (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Contrasting prior sworn and unsworn statements, the court discouraged the use of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 unsworn remarks, attributed to a Government witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  which might }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 cloak[] potentially self-serving accounts of a witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s statements with the dignity and credibility of the prosecutor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s office.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 641 (citation omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Shoupe }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 court cautioned, however, that its holding was not a }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 blanket rejection of impeachment
 by prior inconsistent statements in situations similar to this.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 643.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 a.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Rebuttal by Law Enforcement Witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [52]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Acasio testified at trial that the last thing De Soto communicated to her prior to the Incident was something to the effect of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 you don}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 t know what you have until it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s gone.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 52 (citing Tr. at 46 (Jury Trial, July 1, 2014)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 During the People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s rebuttal, Officer Rivera testified that Acasio stated to him during an interview that the last thing De Soto said to her was: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 You will forgive me for what I will do tonight.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 You will find out tomorrow.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 9 (Jury Trial, July, 10, 2014)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs30\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s28\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14773362 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs30\f0\super\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190  De Soto\rquote 
s counsel made hearsay, best evidence, and narrative objections, and the People countered it was impeachment because Acasio testified she never made the statement.  Tr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 . }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 at 6-8 (Jury Trial, July 10, 2014).  The objections were overruled, and Rivera\rquote s testimony continued.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 Id. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 at 9.  }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The People next called Agent Anderson of the FBI.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 15-17.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Anderson testified that during his interview with Acasio, she stated the last thing De Soto told her was: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Whatever I do tonight, I want you to forgive me.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 15-16.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [53]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
The People argue this impeachment was proper even though Acasio was able to provide a detailed account of her last conversation with De Soto.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
De Soto contends it was not proper impeachment because Acasio denied making the statement to Rivera and indicated she could not recall making the statement to Agent Anderson.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 61-62 (Jury Trial, July 1, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs30\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14773362 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs30\f0\fs20\cf1\super\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190  De Soto asserts that this rebuttal was improper because the People never provided Acasio a copy of her statement to refresh her recollection as required by GRE 613, and 
also because Acasio could not recall her statement to Anderson.  Appellant\rquote s Br. at 19. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 The People maintain, however, that Acasio\rquote s statements to Rivera and Anderson were oral rather than written, and that De Soto is conflating the two confrontation requi
rements for oral vs. written statements.  Appellee\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\lang1030\langfe1033\langnp1030\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 s Br. at 53, n.17.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs20\cf17\insrsid14773362\charrsid10631190 GRE 612 refers to allowing a writing to refresh a witness\rquote s recollection, while GRE 613 refers to examining a witness concerning prior statement(s).\~ Prior statements need not be shown 
or their contents disclosed to the witness at the time of examination for GRE 613 purposes, but shall be shown to opposing counsel if requested.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [54]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab We agree with }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Sisto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Insana }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 and hold that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 prior inconsistent statements
 may be admitted for impeachment purposes even when they are oral and unsworn.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See Sisto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 534 F.2d at 622; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Insana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 423 F.2d at 1169.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Acasio may have been falsifying her loss of memory, and this evidence allowed the People to attack her credibility.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See Insana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 423 F.2d at 1169.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Thus, it was proper to allow the People to impeach Acasio with unsworn statements made to third-party witnesses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 b.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Rebuttal through Pay-Tel Recordings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [55]}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab Pay-Tel recordings between De Soto and Acasio were played for the jury to rebut Acasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 50-58 (Jury Trial, July 10, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
De Soto objected on hearsay and relevance grounds, but the People successfully argued that Acasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s statements went to her bias and credibility.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 51-52.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
On appeal, De Soto argues the Pay-Tel recordings were improper impeachment and rebuttal, and should have been introduced at the People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s case-in-chief or as impeachment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [55]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
During cross-examination, Acasio denied having any knowledge of an incident in which De Soto was angry about her kissing another man where he proceeded to smash a window.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 51 (Jury Trial, July 1, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 However, the Pay-Tel recordings between Acasio 
and De Soto disclosed the incident of Acasio kissing another person at the GATE Theater, and De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s reaction to that kissing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 53-54 (Jury Trial, July 10, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [56]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Like the rebuttal testimony of the law enforcement officers discussed above, the admission of the Pay-Tel recordings for impeachment purposes was not an abuse of discretion under the analysis of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Sisto }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Insana }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 adopted by the court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Sisto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 534 F.2d at 622; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Insana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 423 F.2d at 1169.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\ulc0\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 3.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Whether the Court Erred in Permitting Testimony of De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Psychotherapist}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [57]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
De Soto also claims the trial court erred in allowing the testimony of Dr. Leitheiser, because it breached the psychotherapist-patient privilege.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 20-21.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The People stress, however, that De Soto waived the privilege when his attorneys disclosed medical records produced by Dr. Leitheiser to expert witnesses Dr. Fukutaki and Dr. Blinder.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 56; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 see also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  Tr. at 36 (Jury Trial, July 8, 2014); Tr. 
at 14 (Jury Trial, July 9, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [58]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
The psychotherapist-patient privilege is explicitly recognized in Guam.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Guam R. Evid. 504(g).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The United States Supreme Court held that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 confidential communications between a licensed psychotherapist and her patients
 in the course of diagnosis or treatment are protected from compelled disclosure under Rule 501 of the Federal Rules of Evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jaffee v. Redmond}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
, 518 U.S. 1, 15 (1996) (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
A patient can waive this psychotherapist-patient privilege by knowingly and voluntarily relinquishing it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Bolander}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 722 F.3d 199, 223 (4th Cir. 2013) (citing }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Hayes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  227 F.3d 578, 586 (6th Cir. 2000)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 This can occur through (1) disclosing the substances of therapy sessions to third parties, or (2) not properly asserting the privilege during testimony.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Bolander}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
, the defendant provided materials to his expert, but did not assert the psychotherapist-patient privilege prior to disclosure to the expert.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Bolander}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s privilege argument was also rejected because the psychotherapist at issue }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 was not being sought for treatment, but rather to evaluate Bolander}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s mental condition.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 The privilege }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 only extends to those psychotherapists who are being consulted for diagnosis and treatment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 
" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Jaffee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 501 U.S. at 15).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [59]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab Furthermore, GRE
 503 provides that absent a claim by its holder, the psychotherapist-patient privilege is waived with respect to a communication protected by such privilege if:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
[A]ny holder of the privilege, without coercion, has disclosed a significant part of the communication or has consented to such disclosure made by anyone.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Consent to disclosure is manifested by any statement or other conduct of the holder of the privilege indicating his consent to the disclosure,\~}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 including his failure to claim the privilege in any proceeding in which he has the legal standing and opportunity to claim the privilege.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Guam R. Evid. 503(a) (emphasis added).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [60]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
Here, De Soto waived the privilege because the records generated by Dr. Leitheiser and submitted to his experts were disclosed for evaluation rather than treatment purposes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 18 (Jury Trial, July 8, 2014) (Dr. Fukutaki testified her interaction with De Soto was as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 an evaluator, not as a treatment provider}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Additionally, De Soto manifested consent to disclosure through his conduct by calling third-party experts during the trial proceeding and by failing to assert the psychotherapist-patient privilege during Dr. Leitheiser}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s trial testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  Tr. at 21-32, 64-96 (Jury Trial, July 10, 2014); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
see also United States v. Georgiou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
, 742 F. Supp. 2d 613, 635 (E.D. Pa. 2010) (holding that an objection raised for the first time on appeal is reviewed for plain error).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 This interpretation is similar to the conclusion reached by Massachusetts courts in evaluating their psychotherapist-patient privilege statute.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
The Massachusetts Supreme Court determined action was required by the patient to stop disclosure of medical records because }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [t]he privilege is not self-executing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Commonwealth v. Oliveira}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 780 N.E.2d 453, 458 (Mass. 2002) (footnote omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Because our statute similarly requires action by the patient to prevent waiver through consent to disclosure, there was no error in admitting De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s disclosures to Dr. Leitheiser as evidence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [61]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
The psychotherapist-privilege issue was the only ground for which ineffective assistance of counsel was raised.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 As there was no error in admitting this testimony, and because De Soto has failed to address how his counsel was ineffective under the two-part test articulated in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Strickland v. Washington}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  466 U.S. 668, 686 (1984), we conclude there was no ineffective assistance of counsel with respect to the privilege issue.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 4.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Whether the Court Erred in Allowing the Prosecutor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s Statements Commenting on the Credibility of Defense Witnesses and Implying that De Soto would be Released from Custody if the Jury Returned a Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity Verdict}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \fi-418\li1138\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1138\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [62]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
De Soto contends the People engaged in vouching during summation, and improperly implied De Soto would be immediately released if found not guilty by reason of insanity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 22.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
The People counter that these statements were allowable comments on the evidence presented to the jury.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 60; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 see also Moses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2007 Guam 5 \'b6 28 (holding that certain commentary on evidence already presented to the jury was permissible}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [63]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [W]hen addressing claims of prosecutorial misconduct, we first determine whether the challenged statements were indeed improper.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Boyle v. Million}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  201 F.3d 711, 717 (6th Cir. 2000) (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Francis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
, 170 F.3d 546, 549 (6th Cir. 1999)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Howe
ver, an improper argument is not a per se violation of the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s constitutional rights.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Mancuso v. Olivarez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
, 292 F.3d 939, 957 (9th Cir. 2002) (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 To rise to the level of a constitutional violation, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "'}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 prosecutor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 comments}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  [must have] so infected the trial with unfairness as to make the resulting conviction a denial of due process.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 1999 Guam 22 \'b6 20 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Darden v. Wainwright}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 477 U.S. 168, 181 (1986)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Even if the People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s comments to the jury are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "'}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 undesirable or even universally condemned,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  the remarks are not necessarily }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 tantamount to a constitutional violation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \'b6 20 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Darden}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 477 U.S. at 181).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [64]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Vouching occurs when the government places the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 prestige of the government behind t
he witnesses through personal assurances of their veracity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  and is improper.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Moses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2007 Guam 5 \'b6 16 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. Ueki}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 1999 Guam 4 \'b6 19)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 A jury }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 may be inclined to give weight to the prosecutor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s opinion in assessing the credibility of witnesses, instead of making the independent judgment of credibility to which the defendant is entitled.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Weatherspoon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 410 F.3d 1142, 1147 (9th Cir. 2005) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Thus, prosecutorial misconduct can arise if a prosecutor personally attests }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 to the credibility of government witnesses }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 or attack[s] the credibility of defense witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Ainesworth}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 716 F.2d 769, 771 (10th Cir. 1983) (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [65]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
It is also improper for a prosecutor to suggest }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
that when an accused is found insane he is let free.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 People v. Babbitt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 755 P.2d 253, 278 (Cal. 1988) (citations omitted).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
The relevant inquiry when the prosecutor makes such a comment is then whether the comment was prejudicial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 278-79}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
(holding that a single remark by the prosecutor was erroneous, but non-prejudicial when the jury had already rejected diminished capacity and insanity defenses during sentencing phase).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [66]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab De
 Soto objects to the following statements made by the prosecutor as improper vouching.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 First, he contends the prosecution improperly commented on Acasio and Agent Rivera}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s credibility: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 In the end, those key statements, Reanne Acasio most likely perjured herself.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 You can conclude that because she initially said she didn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
t remember and, certainly, Detective Rivera from the FBI agency would be wrong.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \fi720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 168 (Jury Trial, July 16, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Next, he objects to the following statements regarding Acasio and De Soto:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
And much of the opinions of the doctors, the psychiatrists, psychologists was based on the stories of self-reported symptoms that he tells them, that Reanne Acasio tells them.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 That}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s what the doctors relied on.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 And Reanne Acasio gets much of the information she shares based on her conversations with which the Defendant tells her what}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s going on with him, acts what}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s going on with him.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 And what has this evidence proved to us or s
hown to us when it comes to the Defendant, Chad De Soto, and his girlfriend, Reanne Acasio?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 They are bold actors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Yes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 They are.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  at 170.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 De Soto also submits the following statement was improper because it implied an acquittal would allow him to go free:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Based on all the evidence that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s been presented to you in reviewing the arguments I have presented to you, tell this actor, the Defendant, that this is not a theater play.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 This is not a movie script.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 It}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s not a TV show, for him to get control over his girlfriend.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Don}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 t let him walk out of here on temporary insanity defense, that he doesn}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 t have mental responsibility, when the evidence shows
 he does, because he hasn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 t proven it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  at 195-96.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Although De Soto contends these were inflammatory and prejudicial statements, he acknowledges they must be reviewed under plain error because defense counsel did not object.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s Br. at 22; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 see also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 2010 Guam 5 \'b6 13).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [67]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab 
We conclude that the statement referring to De Soto and Acasio as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 bold actors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  was permissible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 However, the statement alleging that Acasio perjured herself was improper vouching.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Likewise, the implication that De Soto was concocting his defense and would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 walk out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  on an insanity defense was troubling.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Although these remarks are improper, they are not necessarily }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 tantamount to a constitutional violation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 1999 Guam 22 \'b6 20 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Darden}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 477 U.S. at 181).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
De Soto has failed to establish that his substantial rights were violated under the plain error assessment that these errors must be viewed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 As stated above, to satisfy the prejudicial prong of a plain error analysis, the error must be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 a mistake so serious that but for it the [defendant] probably would have been acquitted.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Fegarido}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 2014 Guam 29 \'b6 41 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Remsza}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  77 F.3d at 1044).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [68]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab The jury was properly 
instructed that it was their duty to weigh conflicting testimony and determine the credibility of the witnesses from their observations, and that the opening statements and closing arguments of the attorneys were not evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 65 (Jury Trial, July 17, 2014); RA, tab 181 at 1C (Jury Instructions).}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Moreover, the jury was also specifically instructed not to consider punishment in its deliberations.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Tr. at 72-73 (Jury Trial, July 17, 2014); RA, tab 181 at 2D (Jury Instructions).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Furthermore, numerous eyewitnesses identified De Soto as the assailant, and expert testimony showed De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s thoughts were organized following his arrest, and that he was competent to stand trial.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Tr. at 21-22 (Jury Trial, July 7, 2014); Tr. at 74-75 (Jury Trial, July 10, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
Hence, although the prosecutor made improper comments, De Soto has failed to establish that the error affected his substantial rights under a plain error analysis because it is not likely that he would have been acquitted in the absence of the prosecutor}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s improper comments.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 5.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Cumulative Error
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [69]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 A cumulative-error analysis aggregates 
all errors found to be harmless and analyzes whether their cumulative effect on the outcome of the trial is such that collectively they can no longer be determined to be harmless.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Cargle v. Mullin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 , 317 F.3d 1196, 1206 (10th Cir. 2003) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Notably, a cumulative-error analysis references all errors without qualification.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 at 1207 (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Thus, a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 "'}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 cumulative error}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  analysis considers }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 all errors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 and instances of prosecutorial misconduct}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  which were preserved for appeal with a proper objection or which were plain error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Moses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 2007 Guam 5 \'b6 57 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 United States v. Wallace}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  848 F.2d 1464, 1476 n.2 (9th Cir. 1988)).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [70]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Here, the errors include (1) permitting impact testimony; and (2) the prosecutor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s improper statements.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Viewed together, these errors did not cumulatively impact De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s right to a fair trial in light of the overwhelming evidence establishing his guilt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 V.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 CONCLUSION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415\charrsid3371415 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3371415 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 [71]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 \tab The trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s diminished capacity instruction was not erroneous.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Viewed against the entirety of the evidence supporting De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s guilt, it was harmless error to admit the impact testimony of Dizmang and Sugiyama.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 De Soto likewise failed to establish that the challenged testimony of the other witnesses affected his substantial rights under a plain error analysis.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
The trial court also appropriately allowed impeachment evidence as Acasio may have been falsifying her loss of memory and this evidence allowed the People to attack her credibility.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Moreover, the trial court properly admitted Dr. Leitheiser}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s testimony because De Soto waived any objection by disclosing those medical records to his experts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 As there was no error in admitting this testimony, and De Soto failed to present a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Strickland }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
analysis, there is no ineffective assistance of counsel with respect to this issue.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Furthermore, the prosecutor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s improper statements did not affect De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s substantial rights under a plain error review.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 Finally, errors committed by the trial court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
did not cumulatively impact De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
s right to a fair trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 
For the foregoing reasons, we }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 AFFIRM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415  all of De Soto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371415 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14773362\charrsid3371415 s criminal convictions.
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid10953456 {\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft7032\shptop69\shpright7631\shpbottom503\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz2\shplid1026
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 202}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLockRotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLockAspectRatio}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLockPosition}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLockAgainstSelect}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLockVerticies}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLockText}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLockAdjustHandles}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLockAgainstGrouping}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 65536}}{\sp{\sn anchorText}{\sv 2}}{\sp{\sn fRotateText}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLockShapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn wzName}{\sv Text Box 2}}{\sp{\sn metroBlob}{\sv {\*\svb 
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\par ____________________________________
\par ROBERT J. TORRES
\par Chief Justice
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