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{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}{\f37\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\f38\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604030504040204}Tahoma;}
{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f46\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\f47\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\f49\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f50\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f51\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
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{\f67\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset204\fprq1 Courier New Cyr;}{\f69\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset161\fprq1 Courier New Greek;}{\f70\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset162\fprq1 Courier New Tur;}{\f71\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset177\fprq1 Courier New (Hebrew);}
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{\f420\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\f423\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\f424\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\f426\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Tahoma CE;}
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{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}
{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}
{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Plaintiff-Appellee,
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 v.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 KYLE J. INDALECIO CAMACHO,
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Defendant-Appellant.
\par 
\par 
\par Supreme Court Case No.: CRA14-024
\par Superior Court Case No.: CF0010-13
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 OPINION
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Filed:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 November 20, 2015
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Cite as: 2015 Guam 37
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par 
\par Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam
\par Argued and submitted on May 21, 2015
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\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-1440\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid15936602\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
Appearing for Defendant-Appellant:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 F. Randall Cunliffe, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Cunliffe & Cook, P.C.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 210 Archbishop Flores St., Ste. 200}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96910
\par \cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-5040\li5040\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin5040\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Appearing for Plaintiff-Appellee:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Gerald L. Henderson, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Assistant Attorney General}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-5040\li5040\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin5040\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Office of the Attorney General}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 590 S. Marine Corps Dr., Ste. 706}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Tamuning, GU 96913\cell }\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow
\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid15936602\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par BEFORE: ROBERT J. TORRES, Chief Justice; F. PHILIP CARBULLIDO, Associate Justice; KATHERINE A. MARAMAN, Associate Justice.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 MARAMAN, J.: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [1]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab This case comes before the court on
 Defendant-Appellant Kyle J. Indalecio Camacho\rquote s appeal of his judgment of conviction following a jury trial, claiming that the trial court erred in denying his Motion for Judgment of Acquittal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Camacho asserts that Plaintiff-Appellee People of Guam (\'93People\'94) presented in
sufficient evidence to establish Camacho\rquote s guilt for the crimes of kidnapping, second degree robbery, and terrorizing, and that his rights to protection from double jeopardy were violated by the imposition of separate sentences for kidnapping and 
robbery along with a sentence enhancement for possession of a deadly weapon.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
For the reasons stated herein, we reverse in part and hold that the trial court erred in not dismissing the special allegations of unlawful possession of a deadly weapon in the commission of a felony 
for lack of sufficient evidence as charged in the indictment, but affirm the judgment in all other respects.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 I.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Factual and Procedural Background}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 {\*\bkmkstart SDU_516}[2]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab The case arises from criminal convictions for 
kidnapping, second degree robbery, and terrorizing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
The conduct underlying these charges involved a January 5, 2013 encounter between Camacho and the alleged victim, Bobbie Jo Fausto, in which Camacho purportedly stole her phone, restrained her, and abducted her with her own vehicle, holding her
 against her will from 8:18 p.m. until 9:30 p.m., when she was rescued by police.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
Camacho was indicted on one count each of kidnapping, second degree robbery, and terrorizing, as well as two special allegations of unlawful possession of a deadly weapon in the commission of a felony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [3]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab During the People\rquote s case-in-chief, Fausto was called to testify.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Her testimony described in detail how she was attacked by Camacho while 
entering her vehicle at Micronesia Mall.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 She testified that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Camacho shoved her, punched her in the head, and slammed the car door on her foot while forcing his way into her car and trying to take her cell phone}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
When Fausto resisted his demand to surrender the phone, Camacho punched her, causing her to drop the phone inside the car.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Fausto then stated that as she opened the door to scream for help, Camacho punched and bit her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 He subsequently restrained her with handcuffs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [4]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab Fausto\rquote s sister, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Shienna Macario, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 approached the vehicle and opened the door.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
According to Fausto, Camacho instructed her to tell Macario that if she called the police, Fausto would be killed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 According to testimony from both Fausto and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Macario, Fausto told her sister to relinquish
 her phone and warned that Fausto would be killed if Macario called the police}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 . Camacho then drove away in Fausto\rquote s car.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 They made short stops at several locations so that Camacho could smoke and Fausto could use the restroom.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 During this time, Fausto managed to obtain her cell phone and to
 hide it in her waistband, though she was unable to contact anyone.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [5]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab 
Fausto further testified that, at one point, Camacho placed her in the back of the vehicle while it was stopped.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 He displayed an open pocketknife.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Fausto testified that Camacho told her that \'93if [she] resisted even more from how [she] was earlier, he would have used it against [her], he would have killed [her].\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Transcript (\'93Tr.\'94) at 16 (Jury Trial, Day 2, Oct. 23, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 She identified the knife introduced into evidence as the one used to threaten her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Shortly after Camacho displayed his knife, police arrived, arresting Camacho and freeing Fausto.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Officers testified that Fausto was rescued at Marbo Cave
, approximately six miles from Micronesia Mall, and over an hour after her initial abduction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Tr. at 16, 24 (Jury Trial, Day 1, Oct. 22, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Police testimony also confirmed that Camacho\rquote s knife was recovered at the scene. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [6]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab At the conclusion of the trial, the jury returned a ve
rdict, finding Camacho guilty on all charges and special allegations.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
Adjusted for concurrent sentences, the court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 sentenced Camacho to a total of 30 years of incarceration.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [7]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab Camacho timely filed the notice of appeal.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2125673 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 II.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [8]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab 
This court has jurisdiction over appeals from final judgment of the Superior Court pursuant to 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7 1424-1(a)(2) (Westlaw through Pub. L. 114-49 (2015)), and 7 GCA \'a7\'a7 3107(b) and 3108 (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 This is an appeal of a final judgment issued by the Superior Court on October 15, 2014.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2125673 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 III.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Standard of Review}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 {\*\bkmkend SDU_516}[9]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab C
laims of insufficient evidence are matters of law }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 reviewed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 10 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Maysho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 2005 Guam 4 \'b6 6; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 United States v. Shipsey}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 363 F.3d 962, 971 n.8 (9th Cir. 2004)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \'93
In reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence to support a criminal conviction, this court inquires as to whether the evidence in the record could reasonably support a finding of guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Root}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
, 2005 Guam 16 \'b6 33 (citations and internal quotation marks omitted). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [10]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab A claim of double jeopardy is a question of law
, and thus reviewed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. San Nicolas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2001 Guam 4 \'b6 8.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Further, determining whether the legislature has authorized the defendant to be punished twice for two violations of the same statute is an issue of statutory interpretation, reviewed }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  \'b6 9; }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 see also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Pangelinan v. Gutierrez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  2000 Guam 11 \'b6 7.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2125673 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 IV.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Analysis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Whether there was Sufficient Evidence of the First Charge of Kidnapping }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [11]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab Camacho challenges
 the sufficiency of evidence used to convict him of the charge of kidnapping.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
Appellant\rquote s Br. at 6-7 (Feb. 27, 2015).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
This court has previously addressed the proper standard of analysis for evaluating a sufficiency of evidence challenge, explaining that:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \'93
[i]n reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence to support a criminal conviction,\'94 this court inquires as to \'93whether the evidence in the record could reasonably support a finding of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Sangalang}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  2001 Guam 18 \'b6 20 (citations omitted); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Reyes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  1998 Guam 32 \'b6 7; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Leon Guerrero}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  2001 Guam 19 \'b6 32. Because \'93this is a highly deferential standard of review,\'94 \'93
[w]hen a criminal defendant asserts that there is insufficient evidence to sustain the conviction, this court reviews the evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
in the light most favorable to the prosecution to ascertain whether any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Sangalang}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  2001 Guam 18 \'b6 20 (emphasis added) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted); }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 see also United States v. Birges}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  723 F.2d 666, 672 (9th Cir. 1984).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Guerrero}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2003 Guam 18 \'b6 13.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Thus, when reviewing a jury conviction for sufficiency, the only relevant question is \'93whether that finding was so insupportable as to fall below the threshold of bare rationality.\'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Coleman v. Johnson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 132 S. Ct. 2060, 2065 (2012).
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2125673\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 1.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Kidnapping}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [12]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab The first charge for which Camacho was indicted was kidnapping.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Specifically, the indictment alleged that: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 On or about the 5th day of January 2013, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 in Guam, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 KYLE J. INDALECIO CAMACHO}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 commit the offense }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  Kidnapping}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 in that he intentionally and unlawfully removed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 another}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , namely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Bobbie Jo Fausto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 a substantial distance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 from the vicinity where he [sic] was found, to facilitate the commission of a felony, that is, robbery, in violation of 9 GCA \'a7 22.20(a)(2) and (b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ), as amended}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Record on Appeal (\'93RA\'94
), tab 8 (Indictment, Jan. 16, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
The indictment is consistent with the essential elements of the kidnapping statute, which states that \'93[a] person is guilty of ki
dnapping if he unlawfully removes another from his place of residence or business, or a substantial distance from the vicinity where he is found . . . with any of the following purposes: . . .
 (2) to facilitate commission of any felony or flight thereafter.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 9 GCA \'a7
 22.20 (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
Thus, the proper question is whether, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any reasonable trier of fact could have found, beyond a reasonable doubt, that on or about January 5, 2013, Camacho unlawfully removed Fausto 
a substantial distance in order to facilitate the commission of a robbery . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [13]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab The basis of Camacho\rquote 
s claim seems to stem from a challenge to the sufficiency of evidence for the underlying felony of robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Camacho claims that because insufficient evidence existed to convict him of robbery, he cannot be convicted of kidnapping.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Appellant\rquote s Br. at 1-3.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 This assumption is incorrect.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Kidnapping requires proof that the defendant unlawfully removed a victim a substantial distance for the purpose of facilitating any other felony or flight thereafter.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 9 GCA \'a7 22.20(a)(2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 P
roof of the elements of the underlying felony is not required so long as the People present sufficient evidence that the victim was moved for the purpose of facilitating that felony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14689646 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\super\insrsid14689646 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14689646 
 This point will be analyzed in greater detail in section B regarding whether robbery is an included offense of kidnapping. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [14]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab 
Evidence in the record clearly establishes that Camacho intentionally and unlawfully removed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Fausto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 a substantial distance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 from the vicinity where she was found.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Testimony provided proof that Camacho forcefully restrained Fausto in her vehicle and drove the vehicle 
from Micronesia Mall to the parking lot of Marbo Cave, approximately six miles away.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Tr. at 43, 63 (Jury Trial, Day 2); Tr. at 16, 24 (Jury Trial, Day 1, Oct. 22, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Evidence further established that this abduction lasted over an hour until her rescue by police.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Tr. at 24 (Jury Trial, Day 1).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Further, the proof presented at trial was sufficient for a reasonable trier of fact to conclude that removal of the victim was done to facilitate the robbery and flight thereafter.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Fausto\rquote s testimony established that Camacho attacked her 
in an attempt to get her phone, pulling her into the vehicle and restraining her when she fought back and screamed for help.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Tr. at 21-24, 42-44 (Jury Trial, Day 2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The jury could conclude from these facts that her removal to a different location was intended to facilitate the robbery by preventing Fausto from alerting others to come to her aid.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 This conclusion is further supported by Camacho\rquote 
s threats to Macario that Fausto would be harmed if she called the police.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  at 8, 44-45.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 A rational jury could infer that the kidnapping was intended to facilitate the r
obbery by discouraging others from contacting police, increasing the chances of successful completion of his crime. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [15]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab 
For these reasons, we hold that evidence in the record could have led a reasonable jury to find that all elements of the kidnapping charge were satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2125673\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 2.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Robbery}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2125673\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [16]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Though Camacho does not explicitly assert this ground for relief, the court may more appropriately interpret the substance of his first argument as a chal
lenge to the sufficiency of evidence regarding his conviction for second degree robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \'93A person is guilty of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 robbery in the second degree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  if, in the course of committing a theft, he . . . (3) is armed with or displays what appears to be explosives or a deadly weapon.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 9 GCA \'a7 40.20(a)(3) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 These elements are mirrored in the People\rquote s indictment, which charges \'93that he intentionally }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 was armed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 with and displayed what appeared to 
be a deadly weapon, while in the course of committing theft of a cell phone, in violation of 9 GCA \'a7 40.20(a)(3) and (b).\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 RA, tab 8 at 2 (Indictment).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In essence, Camacho is claiming that his robbery conviction cannot stand because he did not display the deadly weapon in his possession while taking Fausto\rquote 
s cell phone and did not possess the phone after brandishing his knife, as Fausto had managed to take it back.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Appellant\rquote s Br. at 7.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 These factual allegations appear supported by the record.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Tr. at 21-24, 42-44, 55-59, 65-72 (Jury Trial, Day 2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The People counter that the robbery was ongoing from Fausto\rquote s initial assault until the police arrived, since Camacho possessed unlawful control over Fausto\rquote s 
car and phone the entire time, including when the phone returned to Fausto\rquote s custody.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Appellee\rquote s Br. at 7-8 (Mar. 30, 2015).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 As such, the People argue that Camacho\rquote s act of displaying the knife occurred during the ongoing theft.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
 at 7-9.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 However, this court need not reach the People\rquote 
s argument since Camacho\rquote s claim, even if true, does not impugn the sufficiency of evidence to support his conviction. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [17]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 According to the statute, guilt is proven by showing that Camacho was either armed with or displayed what appeared to be a deadly weapon.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 9 GCA \'a7 40.20(a)(3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Though the People alleged that Camacho was both armed with and displayed a weapon in the course of committ
ing the theft, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 RA, tab 8 at 2 (Indictment)
, it is well settled that \'93[w]hen a statute specifies two or more ways in which an offense may be committed, all may be alleged in the conjunctive in one count and proof of any one of those conjunctively charged acts may establish guilt.\'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Torres}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2014 Guam 8 \'b6 52 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 United States v. Booth}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 309 F.3d 566, 572 (9th Cir. 2002)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In analyzing the phrase \'93armed with\'94 a deadly weapon, many jurisdictions have found a defendant to be armed if the weapon is possessed, accessible,
 and readily available to the defendant for offensive or defensive purposes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 State v. Romero}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 659 P.2d 655, 658 (Ariz. Ct. App. 1982); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Miley}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 204 Cal. Rptr. 347, 351 (Ct. App. 1984); }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 State v. Anderson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 422 A.2d 323, 327 (Conn. 1979); }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Commonwealth v. King}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 866 N.E.2d 938, 941 (Mass. App. Ct. 2007); 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 State v. Farmer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 324 A.2d 739, 743 (Me. 1974); }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 State v. Merritt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
, 589 A.2d 648, 650 (N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. 1991);}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s20\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14689646 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs22\super\insrsid14689646 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14689646  New Jersey limits this definition to firearms, having interpreted their \'93deadly weapon\'94 provision to require a showing of intent to use for knives.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14689646\charrsid5051446 State v. Rolon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14689646\charrsid5051446 , 974 A.2d 1021, 1027-28 (N.J. 2009).  
Our case law imposes no such requirement on knives, so long as its capacity to produce death can be demonstrated.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14689646\charrsid5051446 People v. Cruz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14689646\charrsid5051446 , 1998 Guam 18 \'b6 16.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Tracey A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 413 N.Y.S.2d 92, 95 (Co. Ct. 1979); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 State v. Gurske}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 118 P.3d 333, 335 (Wash. 2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Thus, Camacho\rquote 
s claim that he did not display his knife until after he had taken and subsequently lost possession of Fausto\rquote s cell phone is immaterial if sufficient evidence demonstrated that the knife was in his po
ssession and readily available to him during the theft. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [18]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
Examination of the record reveals satisfactory evidence to support the conclusion that Camacho was armed with what appeared to be a deadly weapon in the course of committing a theft, as alleged in the indictment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Fausto testified that while she was being held by Camacho, he 
showed her a pocket knife, which he opened, while telling her that if she had resisted more than she had during the theft of her phone, he would have used the knife to kill her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Tr. at 55-56 (Jury Trial, Day 2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 This display, coupled with his statement,
 would allow a rational jury to conclude that during the course of the theft, Camacho possessed and had readily available what appeared to be, and in fact was, a pocket knife.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Further, the 
evidence presented was sufficient for a jury to find that the knife appeared to be a deadly weapon.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 This court has held that, with respect to 9 GCA \'a7 40.20(a)(3), sufficient evidence may support the jury\rquote s finding that a knife is a deadly w
eapon where the jury was able to evaluate its \'93manner of use, its size and shape, and its capacity to produce death or serious bodily injury.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Cruz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 1998 Guam 18 \'b6 16 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Davidson v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 602 S.W.2d 272 (Tex. 1980)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In th
is case, the People entered the opened folding knife into evidence, demonstrating its size and appearance, and had Fausto imitate the manner in which it was handled by Camacho.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Tr. at 58-59 (Jury Trial, Day 2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 These presentations provide adequate evidence for a jury to infer the knife\rquote 
s capacity to produce death}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  or bodily injury, particularly when coupled with Camacho\rquote s statement to Fausto that he would use the knife to kill her.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  at 55-56.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [19]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab 
The court finds that sufficient evidence supported Camacho\rquote s conviction for second degree robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 We decline to address the People\rquote s assertion that the robbery constituted a single continuous act from the time of the initial assault until the intervention of the police, as it
 is unnecessary to adjudicating this claim.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See Hemlani v. Hemlani}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2015 Guam 16 \'b6 33;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 85.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 B.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Whether Second Degree Robbery is an Included Offense of Kidnapping }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [20]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab 
Camacho next claims that the trial court erred in allowing him to be convicted of both kidnapping and what he alleges is the included offense of robbery, as that result would unlawfully constitute multiple convictions for the same offense.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Appellant\rquote s Br. at 7-9.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The protection of an individual against double jeopardy is embodied in the Fi
fth Amendment of the Constitution, drawn from the deep-rooted legal principle that \'93an accused should not be tried twice for the same offense.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Benton v. Maryland}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 395 U.S. 784, 809 (1969); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 see also United States v. Ursery}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 518 U.S. 267, 273 (1996).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 These protections have been specifically applied to Guam through the Organic Act and codified by local statutes.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7 1421b(d) (Westlaw through Pub. L. 114-61 (2015); 9 GCA \'a7\'a7
 1.22-1.26 (2005); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 see also People v. Reyes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 1998 Guam 32 \'b6 23.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \'93
In determining whether multiple punishments violate the Double Jeopardy Clause courts look to the punishment authorized by the legislative branch.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 San Nicolas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2001 Guam 4 \'b6 9; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 see also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Whalen v. United States}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 445 U.S. 684, 688 (1980).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 This court has previously applied the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Blockburger}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  test in resolving ambiguous legislative intent with regard to multiple punishments, stating:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
When a statute is ambiguous regarding whether a violation of two different statutes constitutes separate offenses allowing for multiple punishments, courts employ the rule of statutory construction set forth in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Blockburger v. United States}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  284 U.S. 299, 304, 52 S. Ct. 180, 182, 76 L. Ed. 306 (1932).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See Whalen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  445 U.S. at 691-92, 100 S. Ct. at 1437-38.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Blockburger}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  Court provided that \'93[w]here the same act or transaction constitutes a violation of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
two distinct statutory provisions,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
 the test to be applied to determine whether there are two offenses or only one is whether each provision requires proof of an additional fact which the other does not.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Blockburger}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  284 U.S. at 304, 52 S. Ct. at 182 (emphasis added).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Blockburger}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  test embodies the presumption that the Legislature \'93ordinarily does not intend to punish the same offense under two different statutes.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Whalen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  445 U.S. at 691-92, 100 S. Ct. at 1437-38.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In other words, the test is used to determine whether the violation of two distinct statutes constitutes the \'93same offense\'94
, and if so, courts presume that the Legislature intends only one punishment for the violations.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  at 692, 100 S. Ct. at 1438. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  San Nicolas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2001 Guam 4 \'b6 11.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The relevant task in this case is to determine whether the crimes of kidnapping and robbery as charged each require proof of an additional fact that the other does not.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 It is clear that kidnapping possesses a distinct element from robbery, because it requires the prosecution to prove that a defendant \'93unlawfully remove[d]
 another from his place of residence or business, or a substantial distance from the vicinity where he is found.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 9 GCA \'a7 22.20(a).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The crime of robbery as charged contains no such requirement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 9 GCA \'a7 40.20.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The more difficult question, however, is whether second degree robbery contains a separate factual element from 
kidnapping in this case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [21]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab 
Camacho correctly notes that, in the indictment, the People specified that the underlying felony for which Camacho allegedly removed Fausto was robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 RA, tab 8 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 at 1 (Indictment).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Camacho claims that robbery has become an essential element of kidnapping
, as pled, meaning that it is entirely included within the offense and cannot be separately punished.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Appellant\rquote s Br. at 8.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In support of this proposition, Camacho cites this court\rquote s decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
People v. Aguirre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2004 Guam 21.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Aguirre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , we held that because the indictment on a felony murder 
charge specified the underlying felony as robbery, the robbery became a lesser included offense such that the defendant could not be convicted of a separate robbery charge.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Aguirre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2004 Guam 21 \'b6 24.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
While this holding initially appears to control the outcome of the present dispute, comparison of the statutory elements of aggravated felony murder to those of kidnapping reveal material distinctions justifying disparate outcomes. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [22]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab Guam\rquote s aggravated murder 
statute defines the crime as \'93(1) causing the death of another; (2) either intentionally and with premeditation, intentionally, knowingly, recklessly, or by criminal negligence; and (3) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 during the commission}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  or attempt to commit a felony.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Angoco v. Bitanga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2001 Guam 17 \'b6 13 (emphasis added); 9 GCA \'a7\'a7 16.20, 16.30(a)(2) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 This statute requires proof that the underlying felony was committed or that its commission was attempted, making its elements a lesser included offense.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 By contrast, the kidnapping 
statute requires only that a defendant remove another a substantial distance }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 for the purpose of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  \'93facilitat[ing] commission of any felony or flight thereafter.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 9 GCA \'a7 22.20(a).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Under this statute, none of the essential elements of the underlying felony necessarily need to
 be proven, so long as the prosecution can demonstrate that the victim was transported by a defendant with the purpose of facilitating said felony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Indeed, this precise distinction has been articulated by the Florida Court of Appeals and Supreme Court of Washington.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
Dowdell v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 415 So. 2d 144 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1982), the defendant contended, as here, that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 since the offense of kidnapping involves the
 confinement or movement of another person against his will with intent to commit or facilitate the commission of any felony and since he was charged with kidnapping \'93with the intent to commit or facilitate the commission of robbery,\'94
 the robbery was necessarily included within the kidnapping.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 415 So. 2d at 145-46.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Like Camacho, the defendant in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Dowdell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  supported his position by citing to a felony murder case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 State v. Hegstrom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 401 So.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 2d 1343 (Fla. 1981), which mirrors our holding in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Aguirre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  that robbery was an included offense.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 at 146.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The Florida court rejected this contention, explaining:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
The flaw in this argument is that the offense of kidnapping does not require that the underlying felony be completed; it only requires that the perpetrator }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 intend}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
 to commit or to facilitate the commission of the felony. . . . Thus, it is distinguishable from the situation in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Hegstrom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  case involving a felony murder wherein the actual commission of a felony must be proved.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Accordingly, we find the sentences to be authorized. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Similarly, the Washington Supreme Court held that kidnapping does not merge with first degree robbery 
to preclude multiple convictions, explaining that \'93a \lquote person who intentionally abducts another need do so only with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 intent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  to carry out [the robbery];\rquote  not that the person actually complete the action.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 State v. Louis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 120 P.3d 936, 940 (Wash. 2005) (quoting }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Petition of Fletcher}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 776 P.2d 114, 120 (Wash. 1989)). }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [23]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab Accordingly, we distinguish our decision in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Aguirre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  and hold that, with regard to the crime of kidnapping, 
robbery is not an included offense that would prevent a defendant from being convicted of both crimes. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 C.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Whether Sufficient Evidence Existed to Support Terrorizing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [24]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab Camacho also alleges that insufficient evidence existed to support his conviction of 
terrorizing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The statute defines the crime of terrorizing in the following manner:
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
A person is guilty of terrorizing if he communicates to any person a threat to commit or to cause to be committed a crime of violence dangerous to human life, against the person to whom the communication is made or another, and the natural and probable co
nsequence of such a threat, is to place the person to whom the threat is communicated or the person threatened in reasonable fear that crime will be committed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 9 GCA \'a7 19.60(a) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In their indictment, the People charged Camacho for this crime as follows: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 On or about the 5th day of January 2013, in Guam, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 KYLE J. INDALECIO CAMACHO}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  did commit the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 offense of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  Terrorizing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , in that he did knowingly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 communicate a threat to }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 another person, that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 is,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Shienna Maracio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 to commit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 a crime of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 violence dangerous }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 to human }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 life against }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Bobbie Jo Fausto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 the natural and probable }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 consequence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 of such threat }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 being to place}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Shienna }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Maracio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 reasonable fear that the crime would be committed, in violation of 9 GCA \'a7\'a7
 19.60(a) and (b).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 RA, tab 8 at 2 (Indictment).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The basis of Camacho\rquote s challenge to the sufficiency of evidence is two-fold.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
First, he argues that because he never directly spoke to Macario, the recipient of the threat, the People could not prove that any such threat was actually communicated by Camacho to Macario.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Appellant\rquote s Br. at 10.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
Second, he claims that his conviction cannot stand because the People presented no evidence that Macario was actually placed in fear that a crime would be committed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  at 10-11.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Both of these arguments are unpersuasive. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [25]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \'93Although the Guam Legislature used the term \lquote terrorizing,\rquote  in drafting 9 GCA section 19.60(a) and (b), other jurisdictions use the term \lquote terroristic threat\rquote 
 in statutes that seek to prohibit the same conduct.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
People v. Root}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 1999 Guam 25 \'b6 7.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 We may look to the persuasive authority of case law interpreting similar statutes for guidance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Amerault v. Intelcom Support Servs., Inc.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
, 2004 Guam 23 \'b6 16.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Other 
jurisdictions have held that the indirect or nonverbal acts satisfy the communication requirement if a threat can be gleaned from context.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Mendoza}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 69 Cal. Rptr. 2d 728, 737 (Ct. App. 1997) (\'93If
 the communication, by whatever means, was intended to convey and did convey an unequivocal, unconditional, immediate, and specific threat of great bodily injury or death, the statute has been violated.\'94);}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  State v. Murphy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 545 N.W.2d 909, 915 (Minn. 1996).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Further, other courts addressing this very issue have found that \'93the fact that [the 
defendant] did not communicate the threats directly to the victims does not alone preclude a conviction if the threat is stated in a manner which will support the inference that the speaker intended or expected the threat to be conveyed to the victim.\'94
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Brown v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 680 S.E.2d 579, 582 (Ga. Ct. App. 2009); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 see also Commonwealth v. Kelley}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 664 A.2d 123, 127 (Pa. Super. Ct. 1995) (\'93Contrary to Appellant\rquote 
s assertion, direct communication of threat between the perpetrator and the victim is not a requisite element of the crime of terroristic threats.\'94).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Here, there can be no doubt that Camacho expected the threat to be conveyed to Macario, because evidence established that he explicitly told the victim, Fausto,
 to convey the threat to her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Tr. at 44-45 (Jury Trial, Day 2).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Such testimony is therefore
 sufficient to satisfy the communication element of terrorizing. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [26]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Camacho\rquote s second argument regarding the lack of evidence that Macario was actually placed in fear is similarly unconvincing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Other courts analyzing this
 issue have explicitly held that the recipient of the threat need not be placed in actual fear, so long as such apprehension that a crime will be committed is the natural and probable consequence of the threat.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Smith v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 757 S.W.2d 554, 556 (Ark. 1988) (\'93It is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 necessary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  that the recipient of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 threat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 actually}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  be terrorized.\'94);}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Martin v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
, 692 S.E.2d 741, 744 (Ga. Ct. App. 2010) (holding that, in terroristic threats prosecution, it was not incumbent on the state to prove victim was actually put in fear); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Williams v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 194 S.W.3d 568, 575 (Tex. App. 2006), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 aff\rquote d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 252 S.W.3d 353 (Tex. Crim. App. 2008) (\'93It is }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 necessary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  for the victim to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 actually}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  be placed in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 fear}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  of imminent serious bodily injury or for the accused to have
 the capability or the intention to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 actually}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
 carry out the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 threat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 .\'94).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [27]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In this case, the record strongly supports a finding that the threat conveyed by Camacho would naturally and probably result in reasonable fear.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In the content of the threat, Camacho told Fausto to tell her sister that she, Fausto,
 would get hurt and be killed if Macario called the police.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
Tr. at 44-45 (Jury Trial, Day 2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Macario confirmed that 
this is what Fausto relayed to her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  at 8.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In addition, the threat came immediately following Camacho\rquote s physical assault and forceful restraint of Fausto.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
 at 21-24, 42-44.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
Given the substance and context of the threat, a rational trier of fact could easily conclude that the natural and probable consequence of Camacho\rquote s threat would be to create reasonable fear in Macario.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [28]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Finally, evidence presented at trial adequately demonstrated that the victim receiving the threat was actually placed in fear as a result of the terrorizing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The record indicates that Macario was crying immediately after the threat was conveyed to her.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  at 8-9.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 A rational conclusion of this was that she was distraught and fearful as a result of the threatened harm to her sister.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See Godbouldt v. LaMarque}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , No. CIVS03-1683GEBGGHP, 2008 WL 686119, at *11 (E.D. Cal. Mar. 13, 2008), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
report and recommendation adopted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , No. 203CV1683GEBGGHP, 2008 WL 1990454 (E.D. Cal. May 7, 2008), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 aff\rquote d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 327 F. App\rquote 
x 745 (9th Cir. 2009) (holding that testimony of crying indicates fear).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Accordingly, sufficient evidence demonstrated that Macario was actually placed in fear as a result of Camacho\rquote s threat. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2125673 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2125673\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 D.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Whether the Special Allegations of Unlawful Possession of a Deadly Weapon are Applicable to the Charges}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [29]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Camacho\rquote s fourth contention is that insufficient evidence existed to impose a sentence enhancement under the special allegation of possession of a deadly weapon.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 This enhancement states:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid2125673 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 W
hoever unlawfully possesses or uses a deadly weapon in the commission of a felony punishable under the laws of Guam shall, in addition to the punishment imposed for the commission of such felony, be imprisoned for a term of not less than five (5) years no
r more than twenty-five (25) years. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 9 GCA \'a7 80.37 (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
In the indictment against Camacho, the People elected to pursue this enhancement based solely on the theory that he \'93did knowingly and unlawfully }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
possess}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 a deadly weapon, that is, a }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 folding knife}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , in the commission of a felony.\'94}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 RA, tab 8 at 2 (Indictment).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [30]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Camacho interprets this statutory provision to mean that in order for the special allegation to apply, the deadly weapon possessed or used in the commission of a felony must be in the de
fendant\rquote s possession unlawfully.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Appellant\rquote 
s Br. at 11-12.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
He further claims that because no evidence in the record establishes that it was unlawful for him to possess his pocket knife, the sentence enhancement cannot be imposed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [31]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 When determining the meaning and applicability of statutes, the court\rquote s primary task is to determine the legislature\rquote s intent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Big Creek Lumber Co. v. Cnty. of Santa Cruz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 136 P.3d 821, 829 (Cal. 2006).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \'93It is a cardinal rule of statutory construction that courts must look first to the language of the statute itself.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Absent clear legislative intent to the contrary, the plain meaning prevails.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Enriquez v. Smith}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2012 Guam 15 \'b6 11 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 (quoting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  Sumitomo Constr. Co. v. Gov\rquote t of Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  2001 Guam 23 \'b6 17) (internal quotation marks omitted); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 see also }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Pangelinan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  2000 Guam 11 \'b6 23.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Analysis of the text reveals ambiguity in its meaning.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 A narrow reading of the language could indeed support Camacho\rquote s claim that the statute punishes only those who commit felonies with weapons which it is unlawful for them to possess.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
However, the statute can also be read to mean that it applies in all situations where a deadly weapon is used or possessed during the commission of a felony, as such conduct would itself be unlawful.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 This is the interpretation advanced by the People.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Appellee\rquote s Br. at 14.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Unfortunately, the legislative history offers little guidance in resolving this ambiguity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Title 9 GCA \'a7 80.37 was enacted in 1978 through Guam Public Law 14-143:1.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Pub. L. 14-143 (Sept. 29, 1978).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 However, this public law contains only the adopted language of the statute, and includes no factual background, statement of legislative intent, or guidance
 on applicable statutory construction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  Pub. L. 14-143}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [32]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In analyzing similar statutes, however, courts in other jurisdictions have emphasized the distinction between possession and use of a deadly weapon in the commission of a felony, finding tha
t the latter requires a weapon to be utilized in a way which advances the underlying crime, apart from mere possession.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Narron v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 835 S.W.2d 642, 644 (Tex. Crim. App. 1992); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 State v. Gozzola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 729 N.W.2d 87, 90 n.7 (Neb. 2007).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
It follows that the standard of evaluation must be different for possession than for use.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Accordingly, we reject the contention that imposition of the enhancement under the \'93use\'94 prong of the special allegation requires a showing that the deadly weapon us
ed was unlawfully in the possession of the defendant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Such a ho
lding would undermine the intent of the legislature to punish the use of deadly weapons whose possession is not otherwise regulated by law, including all knives and blunt objects that the defe
ndant uses knowing they are capable of producing death or serious bodily injury.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 9 GCA \'a7 16.10(d) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [33]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 On this issue, this court has on several occasions upheld the imposition of the special allegation under section 80.37 where a defendant has used a lawfully possessed knife.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See People v. Van Bui}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2008 Guam 8 \'b6 3; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Camacho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 1999 Guam 27 \'b6\'b6 1-3; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 People v. Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 1999 Guam 22 \'b6\'b6 1-5.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 We hold that where a defendant is charged with the use of a deadly weapon in the commission of a 
felony, the special allegation may be imposed whether or not the possession of such a weapon is otherwise unlawful.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 However, in this case, Camacho was not indicted for the use of a deadly weapon.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Rather, the People chose to charge him with the special allegation under the theory of unlawful possession.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Thus, this court limits its inquiry to whether sufficient evidence was presented to demonstrate Camacho
\rquote s unlawful possession of the folding knife, whether or not the underlying facts would have supported a sentencing enhancement for use of a deadly weapon in the commission of a felony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [34]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The text of the statute does make clear that, in addition to use, mere possession of a weapon may form the basis of a sentencing enhancement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 9 GCA \'a7 80.37.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 However, where the enhancement is not sought on the basis that the weapon was used in furtherance of the felony, the plain language seems to indicate
 that possession itself must be unlawful.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  (\'93Whoever }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 unlawfully possesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  or uses a deadly weapon . . .\'94 (emphasis added)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 If the legislature had so desired, it could have written the statute to prohibit all possession of a weapon during the commission of a felony, as other jurisdictions have done.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 11 Del. C. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \'a7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 1447}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  (Westlaw through 80 Laws 2015, ch. 194) (\'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 A }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 person }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 who is in possession of a deadly weapon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  during the commission of a felony is guilty of possession of a deadly weapon during commission of a felony.\'94 (emphasis added)); Ga. Code Ann. \'a7 16-11-106 (Westlaw
 through Regular Session of the 2015 Legislative Session) (\'93Any person }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 who shall have on or within arm\rquote 
s reach of his or her person a firearm or a knife}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  having a blade of three or more inches in length during the commission of, or the attempt to commit 
[a felony], commits a felony . . . .\'94 (emphasis added)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [35]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 As a principle of statutory construction, this court will not adopt an interpretation that renders the additional words and phrases in this statute superfluous or presumes the legislature 
was ignorant of the meaning of the language it employed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Astoria Fed. Sav. & Loan Ass\rquote n v. Solimino}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 501 U.S. 104, 112 (1991); }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 BedRoc Ltd., LLC v. United States}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
, 541 U.S. 176, 186-87 (2004).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
Further, holding that the use of any deadly weapon may trigger the sentencing enhancement under 9 GCA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \'a7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  80.37, while mere possession may only be punished if such possession is unlawful, is the clearest way to provide meaning to the plain language of the st
atute while simultaneously respecting the intent of the legislature to punish those who endanger victims through the use of weapons.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See People v. Borja}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 732 F.2d 733, 736 (9th Cir. 1984) (\'93
Section 80.37 is an unambiguous expression of the Guam legislature's intent to impose additional punishment on those who use weapons during the commission of felonies.\'94); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 State v. Mello}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 688 A.2d 622, 629 (N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. 1997)
 (distinguishing between mere possession with an unlawful intent and unlawful possession of a weapon).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Finally, this interpretation best comports with the statutory rule of lenity, which requires that \'93[w]here a criminal statute is ambiguous, . . . 
[we must] construe the statute in favor of the defendant.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
People v. Tenorio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2007 Guam 19 \'b6 14; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
see also United States v. Castro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , No. 12-00018, 2013 WL 829046, at *6 (D. Guam Feb. 28, 2013). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [36]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In contrast to simple possession, the concept of unlawful possession of a deadly weapon can refer, for example, to types of weapons that are prohibited or that
 require registration, such as certain firearms or explosives, as well as prohibitions against certain persons owning types of weapons as a result of their status as convicted felons.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 10 GCA \'a7 61110 (2005) (prohibiting unlawful possession of explosives); 10 GCA Chapter 60 (2005) (prohibiting certain firearm ownership
, imposing registration and licensing requirements for concealed carry; prohibiting certain persons from possessing firearms based on mental capacity or criminal history).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Here, the People presented no evidence as to whether the deadly weapon present during the commission of the robbery and kidnapping was in Camacho\rquote 
s possession unlawfully.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 In fact
, it is unlikely that they could have done so, as Guam does not regulate the personal possession of knives as it does for firearms, for example.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 As such, there was insufficient evidence in the record to establish the elements of the special allegation for which Camacho was indicted, and such enhancement must therefore 
be vacated. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2125673 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 E.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Whether Imposition of the Special Allegation of Unlawful Possession of a Deadly Weapon in a Conviction for Second Degree Robbery Violates Constitutional Double Jeopardy Principles}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-461\li461\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin461\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2434184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [37]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab Camacho\rquote 
s final argument on appeal is that his constitutional protection against multiple punishments for the same offense was violated by the imposition of the special allegation of unlawful possession of a deadly weapon in a conviction for second degree robbery
.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Appellant\rquote s Br. at 12.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Camacho asserts that the effect of applying the weapons enhancement to a robbery conviction,
 which itself requires possession or display of a deadly weapon, amounts to multiple punishments for the same act, in violation of 9 GCA \'a7 1.22.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  at 12-13.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 The People assert in response that second degree robbery 
actually contains a separate element from the special allegation, in that 9 GCA \'a7 40.20(3) does not require the possession of a deadly weapon, but only that which appears to be a deadly weapon, while 9 GCA \'a7 80.37 requires an actual deadly weapon.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Appellee\rquote s Br. at 15.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 However, the court need not resolve this question. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [38]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab As discussed above, 
imposition of the sentencing enhancement for unlawful possession of a deadly weapon in the commission of a felony was improper and must be vacated.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 There is no longer any possibility that Camacho is facing multiple consequences stemming from his possession of, and conduct with, the folding knife.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Accordingly, this issue is rendered moot and need not be addressed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
Taitano v. Lujan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 2005 Guam 26 \'b6 27 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
holding that a court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 lacks jurisdiction to resolve issues that have become moot by intervening events); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Soliman v. United States ex rel. INS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 , 296 F.3d 1237, 1242 (11th Cir. 2002).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 V.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Conclusion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [39]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab In light of the facts and arguments presented, we hold
 that the trial court erred in part in denying Camacho\rquote s motion for judgment of acquittal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Specifically, we find sufficient evidence in the record to support his convictions for kidnapping, second degree robbery, and terrorizing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 Further, we conclude that principles of double jeopardy do not require merger or preclude convictions on both 
the kidnapping and second degree robbery charges.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 However, we hold that the trial 
court erred in not dismissing the special allegations of unlawful possession of a deadly weapon in the commission of a felony, for lack of sufficient evidence to support this enhancement as it was charged in the indictment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125673\charrsid2434184 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 [40]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 \tab Accordingly, we }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 REVERSE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 part}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  AFFIRM }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 in part the judgment, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 REMAND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184  for proceedings not inconsistent with this opinion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14689646\charrsid2434184 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972231\charrsid2434184 
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