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\par v.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid8457822\charrsid4156426 JESHUA JOSHUA aka JESS JOSHUA,
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid4156426 Defendant-Appellant.
\par 
\par Supreme Court Case No.: CRA14-022
\par Superior Court Case No.: CF0629-13
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid8457822\charrsid4156426 OPINION
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid4156426 
\par Filed: November 12, 2015
\par 
\par Cite as: 2015 Guam 32
\par 
\par Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam
\par Argued and submitted on May 12, 2015
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trqc\trgaph120\trleft-120\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl120\trpaddr120\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid7227490\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4860\clshdrawnil \cellx4740\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx9240\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appearing for Defendant-Appellant:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Terrence E. Timblin, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par Yanza, Flynn, Timblin, LLP
\par One Agana Bay
\par 446 E. Marine Corps Dr. 
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96910\cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appearing for Plaintiff-Appellee:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par Gerald L. Henderson, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par Assistant Attorney General
\par Office of the Attorney General
\par Prosecution Division
\par 590 S. Marine Corps Dr., Ste. 706
\par Tamuning, GU 96913\cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trqc\trgaph120\trleft-120\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl120\trpaddr120\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid7227490\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4860\clshdrawnil \cellx4740\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx9240\row }\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 BEFORE: ROBERT J. TORRES, Chief Justice; F. PHILIP CARBULLIDO, Associate Justice; KATHERINE A. MARAMAN, Associate Justice.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 TORRES, C.J.:
\par 
\par [1]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab Defendant-Appellant Jeshua Joshua appeals his conviction on the charges of Home Invasion, Burglary, and Second Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
He was sentenced to ten years of imprisonment for the Home Invasion charge and five years for the Criminal Sexual Conduct charge, which were to run consecutively.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The Superior Court merged the Burglary charge with the Home Invasion charge. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [2]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
For the reasons stated herein, we find no grounds to reverse, and we affirm the convictions and sentence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 I.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [3]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
In the early hours of November 15, 2013, sometime after midnight, Victoria Mutuk was awoken by someone trying to open the locked bedroom door of her Agat residence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 After waking her sleeping boyfriend, she got up and entered the 
hallway to find Joshua standing in the living room and L.R.T., the child of the woman who also lives at the Agat residence with her, telling Joshua to leave.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 L.R.T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
s mother, V.P., was off-island at the time, and Mutuk was taking care of L.R.T. and her brother.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [4]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
L.R.T., who was nine years old the night of the incident, was awoken that night by a man putting his hand in her pants while she lay in her bed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 She told him to leave and he exited by jumping out of her bedroom window.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The same man returned later in the night, and L.R.T. awoke to him trying to pull off her blanket.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Again, she told him to leave and this time, he left through her bedroom door that led into the hallway of the residence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [5]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab L.R.T.
 followed him into the hallway, where she turned on the light and told him again to leave.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 It was at this time that Mutuk entered the hallway and saw them both.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Mutuk testified that the man left the residence and she called the police.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Both L.R.T. and Mutuk identified the man they saw in their lit hallway as Joshua. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [6]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
Guam Police Officer Christopher Champion responded to Mutuk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
s residence at about 3:00 a.m. on November 15, 2013.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
Mutuk reported to Officer Champion that a male had entered her house and attempted to pull down L.R.T.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s pants.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
She also told him that they knew the intruder, calling him Jess.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
She informed the officer that he was wearing black and white plaid shorts and that he lived across the street and down two houses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Officer Champion proceeded to the specified residence and spoke to Joshua, who admitted to having entered Mutuk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s residence to use the restroom.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Officer Champion noted that he was wearing black and white patterned shorts and that there was a black t-shirt draped on a chair inside Joshua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s residence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [7]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
Joshua was indicted on one charge of Home Invasion, one charge of Burglary, and one charge of Second Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Prior to trial, the People notified Joshua of their intent to introduce character evidence pursuant to 6 GCA \'a7 404(b) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 relevant to show intent, preparation, plan or an absence of mistake or accident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Record on Appeal (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 RA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
), tab 36 at 1-3 (People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
s Notice of Intent to Introduce Prior Crimes, Wrongs or Acts Pursuant to 6 GCA, subsection 404(b), July 22, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 After a hearing on admissibility, the court allowed T.P., also a minor, to testify about a similar incident that she had witnessed involving Joshua.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [8]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
At trial, L.R.T. testified that the same man came into her room twice in the same night.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 She referred to the man as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
 repeatedly throughout her testimony and said she knew it was the same person because he was wearing the same black shirt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Eventually, she identified the man as Joshua.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 On cross-examination, L.R.T. maintained that it was the same man that came into her room both times and that she saw that man}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s face when she followed him into the hallway and turned the light on.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Mutuk also identified the man in the hallway as Joshua. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [9]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab During the defense}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s case, Mutuk was called to testify about an accusation that L.R.T. had made to her mother about Mutuk}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s brother, Donovan, touching her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
On cross-examination, the prosecution asked Mutuk if Donovan was at the house at all on the night of the alleged Home Invasion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Mutuk answered that he was not there that night and that it was Joshua that she saw that night in their hallway when L.R.T. turned on the light.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [10]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
The prosecution sought to further clarify this issue by calling L.R.T. as a rebuttal witness.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 On rebuttal, L.R.T. was asked to recall the night of November 15, 2014, and she was then asked to recall that she told the court that someone came into her room and touched her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 L.R.T. answered that she remembered that testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The prosecution then asked if she had said it was Joshua, and L.R.T. answered in the affirmative.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The defense immediately objected stating that this was a mischaracterization of L.R.T.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s former testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The prosecution maintained that it was based on L.R.T.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s previous testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The court sustained the objection and questioning resumed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [11]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
The prosecution then asked L.R.T. who touched her and she answered that it was Joshua who touched her on November 15, 2013.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 She was also asked if she had ever told anyone that it was someone other than Joshua that had touched her the night of November 15, 2013, and she said she had not.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 At this point, the defense moved to strike all of L.R.T.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s rebuttal testimony, and in the alternative, a mistrial for prosecutorial misconduct.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Defense counsel argued that the prosecution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 fed information to the witness.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Transcript (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Tr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
) at 42 (Jury Trial, Aug. 13, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The defense also claimed that during }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [L.R.T.]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s examination on direct and cross examination when she was first called, she never, ever identified [his] client.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The pro
secution asserted that L.R.T. did identify that she saw Joshua in the hallway when she turned the light on and that he was the same man that had come into her room that night, twice, wearing the black t-shirt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The court found that the questioning was outsi
de the limited scope of rebuttal because the questions did not relate to the alleged accusations of Donovan and granted Joshua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s motion to strike the testimony. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [12]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab T.P.,
 whose testimony had earlier been deemed admissible by the court, testified that in 2012, when she was 13 years of age, she woke up and saw Joshua pulling her younger cousin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s leg.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 At the time of T.P.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
s testimony, no limiting instruction was given to the jury.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
However, during general closing instructions, the jury was instructed that the 404(b) evidence of T.P. could not be considered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 to prove that the defendant is a person of bad character or that he has a disposition to commit crimes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Tr. at 60 (Jury Trial, Aug. 14, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The court then directed the jury that they could consider that evidence only for the limited purpose of intent and absence of mistake.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [13]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
The jury convicted Joshua of all three charges, one charge of Home Invasion, one charge of Burglary, and one charge of 2nd Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct, on August 15, 2014.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
At sentencing, the court recognized that Joshua was on pre-trial release for disorderly conduct as a petty misdemeanor and public drunkenness as a violation at the time he committed the present offenses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs25\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid8457822 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8457822\charrsid14879072 Those two prior offenses occurred on August 15, 2013.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 Appellee\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid14879072  Br. at 4 (Feb. 11, 2015). }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid14879072 Joshua was convicted on June 27, 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8457822\charrsid14879072  for both disorderly conduct and public drunkenness and given the maximum sentence for those prior offenses.  Tr. at 3 (Sept. 15, 2014)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [14]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
Prior to the determination of his sentence in this case, Joshua pointed out three issues.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 First, Joshua argued that because he had never committed a felony and because he had no convictions at the time of
 committing these offenses, he should be sentenced as a first-time offender under 9 GCA \'a7 80.31.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Next, he maintained that the Home Invasion statute, 9 GCA \'a7 37.240(b), should be interpreted to instruct the court that it may not suspend or reduce ten years 
of the sentence, not that there was a mandatory minimum sentence of ten years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
Finally, he asserted that the Burglary offense should be merged with the Home Invasion offense because the crime of Home Invasion is essentially a Burglary with the additional e
lement of a person being present in the dwelling during the commission of the Burglary. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [15]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab The court determined that Joshua }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 d[id] not qualify as a first offender under 9 GCA [\'a7
] 80.31(a) because he has previously been convicted of a criminal offense, notwithstanding the argument that he was \endash  this conviction did not \endash  was not in place at the time of the current offenses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Tr. at 33 (Sept. 15, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The court refused to accept Joshua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s interpretation of the Home Invasion statute and decided that the statute mandated a ten-year minimum for that offense.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
The court did merge the Burglary offense with the Home Invasion offense because it agreed that Burglary was a lesser included offense of Home Invasion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [16]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab The court sentenced Joshua to serve ten years
 for the Home Invasion offense and five for the Criminal Sexual Conduct offense to run consecutively.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Joshua timely appealed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 II.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 JURISDICTION }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [17]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab This court has jurisdiction over appeals from a final judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7 1424-1(a)(2) (Westlaw through Pub. L. 114-49 (2015)); 7 GCA \'a7\'a7
 3107, 3108(a) (2005); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 see also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  8 GCA \'a7\'a7
 130.10, 130.15(a) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 III.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 STANDARD OF REVIEW}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [18]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab The trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s admission of prior bad acts under Rule 404(b) of the Guam Rules of Evidence (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 GRE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 ) is reviewed for an abuse of discretion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Torres}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2014 Guam 8 \'b6 18 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Quintanilla}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2001 Guam 12 \'b6 9).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
When determining whether the failure to give a limiting instruction at the time 404(b) evidence is introduced warrants reversal, the court uses the harmless error standard.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 See People v. Palisoc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2002 Guam 9 \'b6 31.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [19]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
Prosecutorial misconduct claims are reviewed for harmless error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Torres}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2014 Guam 8 \'b6 18 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Moses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2007 Guam 5 \'b6 30).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The conduct }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
must taint the underlying fairness of the proceedings[]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  to warrant reversal.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Moses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2007 Guam 5 \'b6 7 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 1999 Guam 22 \'b6 18).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [20]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Issues of statutory interpretation are reviewed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Felder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2012 Guam 8 \'b6 9 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs26\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Manley}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs26\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs27\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 2010 Guam 15 \'b6 12).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The imposition of a sentence by the trial court is reviewed for an abuse of discretion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2007 Guam 3 \'b6 10 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Superior Court (Chiguina)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \~2003 Guam 11 \'b6 12).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [21]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
Any issues not raised by the defendant at trial or at sentencing are reviewed for plain error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 See Moses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2007 Guam 5 \'b6\'b6 8, 53.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 IV.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 ANALYSIS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Failure to Provide Limiting Jury Instruction at Time of Testimony }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [22]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab Joshua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s first issue on appeal is the
 lack of a jury instruction limiting the use for which the GRE 404(b) testimony given by T.P. can be considered at the time of the testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
s Br. at 14 (Jan. 12, 2015).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s23\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8457822 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid8457822 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822  When reviewing any prejudice caused by the trial court\rquote s admission of 40
4(b) evidence, we would normally conduct a 404(b) analysis that looks for an abuse of discretion in the admission of the evidence followed by a GRE 403 analysis to ensure any prejudice is not unfair.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid8457822 
Palisoc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 , 2002 Guam 9 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid14820016 \'b6\'b6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822  7-8.  However, Joshua only hint
s that he has been prejudiced but does not explicitly argue that the 404(b) evidence was improperly admitted.  Appellant\rquote 
s Br. at 13-14.  Therefore, we are reviewing only the sufficiency of the limiting instructions given to the jury regarding this evidence.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 We recognized that while evidence of prior bad acts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 is prejudicial, the issuance of a proper limiting instruction can prevent that prejudice from being unfair.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Palisoc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2002 Guam 9 \'b6 29 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 1999 Guam 22 \'b6 17).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 A limiting instruction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 should be given both at the time the evidence is offered and during closing jury instructions prior to jury deliberation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 GRE 105 requires such instruction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 upon request}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
 by one of the parties.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [23]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab This court, however, still found harmless error whe
re such prior bad acts evidence was offered for both a proper and improper purpose and a limiting jury instruction was given only during the closing instructions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Palisoc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2002 Guam 9 \'b6\'b6 29-33.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The court stated that non-constitutional errors by the trial court require reversal only if }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "'}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
it is more probable than not that the erroneous admission of the evidence materially affected the jurors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  verdict.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id. 
\'b6 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 31 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 United States v. Arambula-Ruiz}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 987 F.2d 599, 605 (9th Cir. 1993)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 It is more likely than not that the failure to give the jury instruction at the time the evidence was offered did not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 materially affect[] the jury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s verdict.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 See Palisoc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2002 Guam 9 \'b6 33.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\delrsid4679723\charrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [24]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
The trial court in this case did not give any jury instruction at the time the evidence was offered, but it did give a proper limiting jury instruction at the conclusion of the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Tr. at 60 (Aug. 14, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The jury was instructed that it could only consider the 404(b) testimony for the limited purpose of determining whether ther
e was intent to commit the offenses or lack of mistake and the 404(b) evidence of T.P. could not be considered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 to prove that [Joshua] is a person of bad character or that he has a disposition to commit crimes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 L.R.T. and Mutuk both identified Joshua as the man they found in the home that night.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Tr. at 27, 116 (Aug. 4, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 L.R.T. testified she was asleep and woke up because someone was in the bed and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 put[] his hand in [her] pants.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  at 113.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 She also testified she awoke a second time when she felt her blanket being pulled off, and it was the same man as before wearing the same black t-shirt.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  at 115.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
Joshua also admitted to Officer Champion that he entered the Mutuk home that evening.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The evidence linking Joshua to each of the convicted offenses is overwhelming.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 We are not convinced that the trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s failure to give the limiting instruction at the time the evidence was offered materially affected the jury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s verdict, and therefore conclude any error was harmless.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 B.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Rebuttal Testimony as Prosecutorial Misconduct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par [25]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab Joshua asserts that the acts of the prosecutor during the rebuttal testimony of L.R.T.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 constituted prosecutorial misconduct and the trial court should have ordered a mistrial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s Br. at 14-15.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Prosecutorial misconduct that is objected to by the defense counsel during trial is subject to a harmless error review.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2010 Guam 5 \'b6 13 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Moses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2007 Guam 5 \'b6 7).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 This court has identified that in order for a prosecutorial misconduct claim to succeed, the appellant must be able to show that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 prosecutor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s comments so infected the trial with unfairness as to make the resulting conviction a denial of due process.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  \'b6
 12 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 1999 Guam 22 \'b6 20) (internal quotation
 marks omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 To warrant reversal, it must be demonstrated that it is }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 more probable than not that the misconduct affected the jury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s verdict.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 1999 Guam 22 \'b6 18 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 United States v. Chavez-Vernaza}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 844 F.2d 1368, 1377-78 (9th Cir. 1987)).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
A trial judge may cure the effect of improper prosecutorial misconduct by giving appropriate curative instructions to the jury.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \'b6 21 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 United States v. Endicott}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 803 F.2d 506, 513 (9th Cir. 1986)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [26]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab Though it may have been improper to di
rectly ask L.R.T. if it was Joshua who had touched her that night, this question did not amount to prosecutorial misconduct.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The questioning does not constitute a gross mischaracterization of the previous testimony given by L.R.T.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 During L.R.T.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s testimony on direct examination, she specifically claimed that it was Joshua that she saw in the hallway after she turned on the light.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Tr. at 116 (Aug. 4, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Mutuk also identified Joshua as the man in her house that night.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 at 27.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Throughout L.R.T.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s testim
ony, she made it clear that she believed that the same man came into her room twice, and that she followed him into the hallway where she turned on the light and was able to identify him as Joshua at that point, which was corroborated by Mutuk}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
 at 113-116, 127; Tr. at 38 (Aug. 13, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
The reiteration of this by the prosecution did not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
put patently false words into L.R.T.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s mouth.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s Br. at 14.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [27]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab Even if the questions asked of L.R.T. on rebuttal 
constituted prosecutorial misconduct, the lower court struck the contested line of questioning and instructed the jury not to consider L.R.T.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s rebuttal testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Tr. at 53 (Aug. 13, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Joshua argues that striking the testimony was insufficient to cure the prejudice because the jury could not have been able to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 perform the mental gymnastics necessary to follow that order.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s Br. at 15.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 He contends that prior to the rebuttal testimony, L.R.T. could not identify who had touched her that night.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s Reply Br. at 2 (Feb. 25, 2015).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 This is not convincing because L.R.T. repeatedly testified that the man who was in her room twice that night was the same man whose face she saw in the hallway.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 L.R.T. then identified Joshua during direct examination as the man she followed from her room into the hallway.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Tr. at 116 (Aug. 4, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [28]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
A leading question by the prosecution in which she asks the victim to identify the defendant as the man who touched her is not synonymous with a defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s confession as Joshua now argues.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Reply Br. at 1-2 (citing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  Jackson v. Denno}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 378 U.S. 368, 388 (1964) (finding that a confession revealed to the jury would be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 solidly implanted in the jury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s mind}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 )).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 When a defendant confesses, the jury is asked to not only consider the confession}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
s truth but also its voluntariness, and then they are required to consider the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s guilt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Jackson}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 378 U.S. at 388.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 That issue is not present for other witnesses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The jury is still asked to weigh each witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s credibility, but they are not also asked to decide the witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s guilt or innocence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The court pointed out in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Jackson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  that even if the jury finds a confession involuntary, it would be difficult for the jury to completely disregard it and consider only the other evidence presented to it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
at 388-89.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [29]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
Because it is more likely than not that the jury could have reached the same verdict without the rebuttal questioning by the prosecution, this court finds harmless error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The trial court also sufficiently cured any prejudice when it sustained Joshua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s objection and struck the testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 C.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 First Offender Status}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [30]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab Joshua next takes issue with the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s refusal to sentence him as a first-time offender according to 9 GCA \'a7 80.31,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid8457822 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 Title 9 GCA \'a7 80.31 puts forth }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 sentencing guidelines for first-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 time offenders}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8457822 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 providing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 In the cases to which \'a7
 80.30 is applicable as to the sentencing of the person, a person who has not previously been convicted of a criminal offense and has been convicted of a felony for the first time may be sentenced to imprisonment as follows: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li1440\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 
(a) In the case of a felony of the first degree, the court shall impose a sentence of not less than three (3) years and not more than fifteen (15) years; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 (b) In the case of a felony of the second degree, the court shall impose a sentence of not less than one (1) year and not more than eight (8) years; and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 (c) In the case of a felony of the third degree, the court may impose a sentence of not more than three (3) years. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 9 GCA \'a7 80.31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 
 (2005).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 Title 9 GCA \'a7 80.30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 , which this court has referred to as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 the \'93s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 tandard sentencing guidelines,\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 Felder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 , 2012 Guam 8 \'b6 54}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 , provides:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 
Except as otherwise provided by law, a person who has been convicted of a felony may be sentenced to imprisonment as follows: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li1440\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 
(a) In the case of a felony of the first degree, the court shall impose a sentence of not less than five (5) years and not more than twenty (20) years; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557  (b) In the case of a felony of the second degree, the court shall impose a sentence of not less than three (3) years and not more than ten (10) years; and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 (c) In the case of a felony of the third degree, the court may impose a sentence of not more than five (5) years. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid7698557 9 GCA \'a7 80.3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 
0 (2005).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  arguing that he had no convictions, only other charges, at the time that the present offenses occurred.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s Br. at 16-17.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The conviction for the prior charges was entered before the trial for the present charges began.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Tr. at 3 (Sept. 15, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 He maintains that this statute requires a defendant to be sentenced as a first-time offender if at the time of the commission of the second offense, he has no previous convictions.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s Br. at 16.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
The People argue, however, that the court may sentence the defendant as a first-time offender if at the time of sentencing, the defendant has no prior convictions, which would exclude Joshua from being afforded this status.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s Br. at 13 (Feb. 11, 2015).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [31]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
As a matter of statutory interpretation, this court must look first to the plain meaning of the statute.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Lau}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2007 Guam 4 \'b6 14 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 If a statute is unambiguous, then the judicial inquiry into the meaning of the statute is complete.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Quichocho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 1997 Guam 13 \'b6 5)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
The plainness or ambiguity of statutory language is determined by reference to the language itself, the specific context in which that language is used, and the broader context of the statute as a whole.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Aguon v. Gutierrez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2002 Guam 14 \'b6 6 (quoting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Robinson v. Shell Oil Co.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 519 U.S. 337, 341 (1997)) (internal quotation marks omitted).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [32]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
When looking at section 80.31, it is important to realize that it instructs that a person }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 may}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
 be sentenced under the scheme if that person }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
has not previously been convicted of a criminal offense and has been convicted of a felony for the first time.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 9 GCA \'a7 80.31.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
Plainly, this means that if a person meets the criteria, the court has the option to sentence that person according to the first offender statutory scheme, but the statute does not require them to be sentenced according to that scheme.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 This part of the statute is unambiguous and leaves sentencing up to the discretion of the court.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Unless }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 absurd consequences}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  result from a plain reading of the statutory scheme, this court should not deviate from that interpretation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Tedtaotao}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2015 Guam 9 \'b6 16 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Sumitomo Constr., Co. v. Gov}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 t of Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
, 2001 Guam 23 \'b6 17).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Because of this discretionary language, w
e need not address how the remainder of the statute is to be interpreted.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [33]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab After examining the statute}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s meaning, this court must determine if the trial court abused its discretion in sentencing Joshua.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 An abuse of discretion results where the sentence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
is based on an erroneous conclusion of law or where the record contains no evidence on which the judge could have rationally based the decision.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Tedtaotao}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2015 Guam 9 \'b6 8 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Gutierrez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2005 Guam 19 \'b6 13) (internal quotation marks omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Regardless of the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
s statutory interpretation, the court still sentenced Joshua within the first offender durational guidelines of section 80.31.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  9 GCA \'a7 80.31.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
For the Home Invasion charge, he was sentenced to ten years, and for the Second Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct charge, he was given five years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Tr. at 34 (Sept. 15, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Both are felonies in the first degree and both sentences are within the first offender guidelines.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 GCA \'a7\'a7 25.20(b), 80.31(a) (2005); 9 GCA \'a7
 37.240(a) (added by Pub. L. 32-047:2 (July 5, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
Based on the foregoing, any error the trial court may have made in its interpretation of the statute is harmless because the sentence imposed on Joshua was still within the first offender guidelines.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 We now turn to Joshua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s argument concerning the mandatory minimum punishment for Home Invasion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 D.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Punishment for Home Invasion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [34]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
Several statutes govern the Home Invasion offense, but the particular one that gave rise to this issue is 9 GCA \'a7 37.240,\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s23\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs25\super\insrsid8457822 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822   In Joshua\rquote s brief, he argues that the statute he takes issue with is 9 GCA \'a7 37.110; however, this statute has been renumbered to section 37.240 \'93
to maintain the Compiler\rquote s general codification scheme\'94 and has the exact same language that Joshua quotes in his brief.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid8457822 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 Appellant\rquote 
s Br. at 18; 9 GCA \'a7 37.240.}} which outlines the punishment for Home Invasion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
This statute states:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \'a7 37.240.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Home Invasion Punished.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 (a) Home invasion is a first d
egree felony, and any person found guilty under this Section shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of which at least ten years may not be suspended or reduced by the court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
(b) The sentence imposed for home invasion shall run consecutively to any sentence for other crimes committed in conjunction with the home invasion.
\par 9 GCA \'a7 37.240.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [35]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
When reading this statute for its plain meaning, it instructs that the sentence imposed for a Home Invasion conviction must have at least ten years that cannot be suspended or reduced.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 We interpret this to require a mandatory minimum of ten years for a conviction under this statute.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [36]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab Joshua argues that either 9 GCA \'a7\'a7
 80.30 or 80.31 applies to this offense in terms of sentencing.\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid8457822 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 
 Joshua maintains that section 80.31 is the applicable sentencing statute per his argument in section IV.C.  Appellant\rquote s Br. at 18.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
He asserts that the court is given instruction to sentence first degree felonies for a period between five and twenty years (if section 80.30 applies) or three to ten years (if section 80.31 applies), and that section 37.240 requires that any por
tion of that sentence, up to ten years, may not be suspended or reduced.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appellant}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s Br. at 19.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
Further, Joshua asserts that if the Legislature had intended to impose a mandatory minimum, it would have explicitly done so as it has in 9 GCA \'a7 25.15, for example.\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s23\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs25\super\insrsid8457822 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822  First Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct offenders \'93
shall be sentenced to a minimum of fifteen (15) years imprisonment, and may be sentenced to a maximum of life imprisonment without the possibility of parole.\'94  9 GCA \'a7 25.15(b) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid4160613 (}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 as a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs18\insrsid8457822 mended by Pub. L. 32-012:2 (Apr. 11, 2013))}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [37]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
The People argue that section 37.240, when read with the code as a whole and specifically with sections 80.30 and 80.31, imposes a mandatory minimum of ten years for the crime of Home Invasion and that 
this mandatory minimum is not in conflict with the range provided by the general sentencing statute of section 80.30.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
s Br. at 15.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
The People also maintain that certain criminal statutes impose maximum sentences that exceed those outlined by secti
on 80.30, which means that statutes may also impose minimum sentences for different crimes that are greater than those minimum sentences found in section 80.30.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The People use 9 GCA \'a7 16.40(a), which states that Murder has a maximum sentence of life, to demonstrate this point.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 The People also point to Burglary as another example.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
Burglary is a second degree felony that imposes a mandatory minimum sentence of five years, while section 80.30 suggests a minimum of three years for a second degree felony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Compare}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  9 GCA \'a7
 37.20(b) (as amended by Pub. L. 32-152:4 (May 23, 2014)), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
 9 GCA \'a7 80.30(b).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [38]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab This court has held that 9 GCA \'a7
 25.15, First Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct, imposes a mandatory minimum sentence by utilizing the phrase }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 shall sentence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
People v. Enriquez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2014 Guam 11 \'b6 36.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 This court identified an ambiguity in whether a mandatory minimum sentence required that the minimum sentence actually be served, or whether a portion of it could be suspended.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  \'b6 37.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
The Home Invasion statute clearly requires that ten years of the sentence not be suspended, implying that at least ten years of the sentence imposed actually be served.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 9 GCA \'a7 37.240. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [39]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
Because this is not explicitly set out in the statute, the legislative intent can }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
be inferred by looking at other statutes passed by the same body.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Enriquez}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2014 Guam 11 \'b6 38.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Because Burglary, a second degree felony and a
 lesser included offense of Home Invasion, has a specific sentence range from five to ten years, it can be inferred that Home Invasion was intended to have a higher mandatory minimum sentence because it was deemed a first degree felony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Compare }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 9 GCA \'a7 37.20(b), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  9 GCA \'a7 37.240(a).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 We agree with the trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s interpretation of the statute as requiring at least ten years be served for Home Invasion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [40]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab 
Next, the court must look to the actual sentence imposed to determine if there was an abuse of discretion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 See Diaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2007 Guam 3 \'b6 10 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 People v. Superior Court (Chiguina)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2003 Guam 11 \'b6 12).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Joshua was sentenced to ten years for the Home Invasion charge.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 We have already determined that the imposition of this sentence was not an abuse of discretion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 E.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Merger}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par [41]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab Joshua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s final argument urges merging the Criminal Sexual Conduct charge with the Burglary charge.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s Br. at 20.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
The trial court merged the Home Invasion charge with the Burglary charge, but Joshua claims that the court should have gone further and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
merged the Criminal Sexual Conduct Charge with the Burglary Charge as the Burglary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 is simply a Criminal Sexual Conduct with the additional elements that it took place in habitable property upon which the defendant trespassed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  at 22.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Title 9 GCA \'a7
 1.22(a) states that a defendant cannot be convicted of more than one offense where }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 one is included in the other as defined by \'a7 105.58 of the Criminal Procedure Code.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 9 GCA \'a7 1.22(a) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Title 8 GCA \'a7 105.58(b)(1) provides that an offense is included in another where }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [i]t is established by proof of the same or less than all the facts required to establish the commission of the offense charged.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 8 GCA \'a7 105.58(b)(1) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  "}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Whether one offense merges with another is a question of statutory interpretation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  which is reviewed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Diaz}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 , 2007 Guam 3 \'b6 55 (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sb2\sa2\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\lisa1\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [42]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s Burglary statute provides in relevant part that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
[a] person is guilty of burglary if he enters or surreptitiously remains in any habitable property, building, or a separately secured or occupied portion thereof}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  and has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 intent to commit a crime therein.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 9 GCA \'a7 37.20.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
s Second Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct statute requires elements of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
sexual contact with another person}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  under certain circumstances.\chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\super\insrsid8457822 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822  These circumstances include but are not limited to: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 (1) that other person is under fourteen (14) years of age; 
\par (2) t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid15405343 hat other person is at least f
ourteen (14) but less than sixteen (16) years of age and the actor is a member of the same household as the victim, or is related by blood or affinity to the fourth degree to the victim, or is in a position of authority over the victim and the actor used 
this authority to coerce the victim to submit; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822\charrsid15405343 (3) sexual contact occurs under circumstances involving the commission of any other felony}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 . . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8457822\charrsid15405343  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8457822 9 GCA \'a7 25.20.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 9 GCA \'a7 25.20.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 There is actually no overlap of elements from either crime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Joshua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s contention that, in this case, proof of the Criminal Sexual Conduct requires }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 proof of less than all the facts required to establish Burglary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822  does not consider that Burglary actually only requires proof of an intent to commit a crime and not a full commission of a crime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s Br. at 22.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 This logic would allow the merger of any crime committed during a Burglary with the Burglary charge simply because Burglary requires the intent to commit a crime therein.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Further, a Criminal Sexual Conduct crime ca
n be committed anywhere, but entering someone}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
s home to commit that crime adds greatly to the culpability.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [43]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 It is clear that the Legislature intended for Burglary to be a lesser included offense of Home Invasion, because the statute for Home Invasion
 sets out that it is a Burglary with the additional element of a person being present in the dwelling.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 9 GCA \'a7 37.210.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Therefore, the Superior Court was correct in merging the Burglary conviction with the Home Invasion conviction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
The same argument cannot be made for a Criminal Sexual Conduct conviction and a Burglary conviction, which are clearly entirely distinct offenses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 These two convictions should not be merged.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 V.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid8457822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 CONCLUSION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8457822 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 [44]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 Based on the foregoing, we find no reason to reverse the Superior Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 s decision and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 AFFIRM }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 all portions of Joshua}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid8457822 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid8457822\charrsid8457822 
s conviction and the sentence imposed.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972231\charrsid8457822 
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