{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\f3618\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Cyr;}{\f3620\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Greek;}{\f3621\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Tur;}
{\f3622\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS (Hebrew);}{\f3623\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS (Arabic);}{\f3624\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Baltic;}
{\f3625\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS (Vietnamese);}{\f3626\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS (Thai);}{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}
{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}
{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;
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{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1306005255}{\list\listtemplateid-1124684466{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
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\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\up0\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-296\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM
\par 
\par THE PEOPLE OF GUAM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 ,
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 Plaintiff-Appellee,
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 v.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 FRANKIE GARRIDO BLAS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 ,
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 Defendant-Appellant.
\par 
\par Supreme Court Case No.: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1036\langfe1033\langnp1036\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 CRA14-010}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 
\par Superior Court Case No.: CM0534-09
\par 
\par OPINION
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 Filed: November 10, 2015
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 Cite as: 2015 Guam 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid14427083 
\par 
\par Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam
\par Argued and submitted on May 14, 2015
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid15482485\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Appearing for Defendant-Appellant:
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s32\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af35\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af35\dbch\af35\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Curtis C. Van de veld, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang1036\langfe1033\hich\af0\langnp1036\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Esq}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\dbch\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 The Vandeveld Law Offices, P.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 C.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\dbch\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Restored Historic Dungca House
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Second Floor
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 123 Hernan Cortes Ave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Hag\'e5\loch\f0 \hich\f0 t\'f1\loch\f0 a, GU 96910}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appearing for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  Plaintiff-Appellee:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 James C. Collins, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1036\langfe1033\langnp1036\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Esq}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Office of the Attorney General
\par Prosecution Division
\par 590 S. Marine Corps Dr., Ste. 706
\par Tamuning, GU 96913}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow
\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid15482485\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s32\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af35\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af35\dbch\af35\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 BEFORE: ROBERT J. TORRES, Chief Justice; F. PHILIP CARBULLIDO, Associate Justice; KATHERINE }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518 
\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 A. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af35 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 MARAMAN, Associate Justice.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par CARBULLIDO, J.:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s32\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af35\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af35\dbch\af35\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\hich\af0\insrsid3750518 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 [1]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518 
\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
Defendant-Appellant Frank Garrido Blas appeals from a final judgment convicting him of two counts of Invasion of Privacy (As a Misdemeanor) in violation of 9 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 
 70.35(a)(2) (2005), for allegedly capturing videos and images of women using the restroom a\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 t\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 \hich\f0  the Bank of Guam (\'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Bank\'94\loch\f0 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid3750518 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 
On appeal, Blas first argues that the evidence was insufficient to support a conviction for Invasion of Privacy because }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Plaintiff-Appellee People of Guam (\'93}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 the People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518 \loch\af0\dbch\af35\hich\f0 \'94\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  did not present evidence that the images or videos were tak\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 en within the applicable statute of limitations period.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid3750518 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Within Blas\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s sufficiency of the evidence challenge appears to be a unit of prosecution objection to Blas\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s conviction for two counts of Invasion of Privacy; one for each of the two victims identified\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 
 in the Complaint.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 
This argument, however, was not sufficiently developed for purposes of appellate review.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Next, Blas contends the People made improper comments regarding the applicable burden of proof during closing argument that the trial court did not \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 cure.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hich\af0\insrsid3750518 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \hich\af0\dbch\af35\loch\f0 Finally, Blas believes the trial court\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s Judgment improperly required him to register as a Level One Sex Offender.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af0\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 We hold that sufficient evidence on the record supported Blas\rquote s Invasion of Privacy conviction.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Second, we hold that any improper 
statement by the prosecutor resulted in harmless error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Finally, we conclude that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in notifying Blas of his sex offender registration requirements in the Judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Accordingly, the trial court\rquote s Judgment is affirmed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 I. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 On May 13, 2009, a Bank employee discovered a camera in a men\rquote s restroom stall on the seventh floor of the Bank.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Within the camera, the employee found an SD card containing explicit photographs of women using the restroom.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The employee removed the SD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  card}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , but left the camera in the stall.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 After sharing the contents of the SD card with a co-worker, the pair agreed to turn the card in to their supervisor. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The two employees were unable to locate a hole in the seventh floor women\rquote s restroom, but examined the sixth floor}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  restroom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  after determining some women in the photos worked on the sixth floor.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The employees discovered a hole in the toilet paper dispenser of the sixth floor women\rquote s restroom.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 They opened the outer utility room adjacent to the women\rquote 
s restroom to further investigate the mechanical utility room, but their keys were unable to open the door to the interior electrical utility room.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The employees submitted the SD card with an anonymous letter to the human resources manager (\'93HR Manager\'94).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The HR Manager shared the letter with her supervisor and the Bank\rquote s General Counsel upon receipt, resulting in an investigation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The investigating team discovered that the master key did not open the interior utility room.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The master key opened the inner and outer utility rooms on all floors except the sixth floor.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The head of security also was unable to access the room.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 In the months prior to the discovery of the SD card, Blas was identified as the only person with keys to the interior utility room.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The maintenance department was in charge of maintenance keys controlling the Bank\rquote s utility rooms, and Blas was the Bank\rquote 
s head of maintenance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas was located and directed to use his key to open the room.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Inside the room, a laptop was discovered, as well as a hole in the wall adjacent to the women\rquote s restroom, an X-rated CD or DVD, and two adult \'93toys.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The hole in the utility room provided a view to the women\rquote s restroom.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Blas admitted to other employees that the computer found in the room was his personal laptop, and that he liked to do personal work there because it was \'93peaceful and quiet.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The General Counsel asked Blas to start the computer, and the first user profile to boot up was entitled \'93Valued Customer.\'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas immediately changed the username to \'93Frank\'94 and appeared nervous.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 There did not appear to be any inappropriate images under the \'93Frank\'94 username.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas claimed \'93Valued Customer\'94 was the previous owner of the computer, which he purchased at a flea market.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The HR Manager confiscated the laptop to ensure private Bank information was not compromised, and found addi
tional images similar to those on the SD card.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Two female bank employees were identified within the images from their recognizable hair and jewelry. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas\rquote s office on the seventh floor was searched, and a camera box, charger, and a charging battery were discovered.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
When further questioned by Bank personnel, Blas stated he knew about the hole in the utility room since 2008, but chose not to cover it up.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas also said he looked through the hole to see women use the toilet, but claimed that he did not photograph them. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Blas was charged with two counts of Invasion of Privacy (As a Misdemeanor) for allegedly capturing videos and images of women using the restroom at the Bank:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
On or about the period between April 1, 2009, through May 31, 2009, inclusive, in Guam, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 FRANKIE GARRIDO BLAS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 did commit the offense of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Invasion of Privacy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
, in that he did install in a private place, that is, a women\rquote s restroom located at the Bank of Guam, Hag\'e5t\'f1a Branch Building, without the consent of the person or persons entitled to privacy there, to wit:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 [victims], a device for observing, photographing, recording, amplifying or broadcasting sounds or events in suc
h place, in violation of 9 GCA \'a7 70.35(a)(2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par Record on Appeal (\'93RA\'94), tab 1 at 1-2 (Compl., July 8, 2009).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 A jury trial commenced on December 17, 2013.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 At trial, Officer Jesse P. Rodriguez (the \'93Examiner\'94) testified as a Certified Computer Forensics Examiner on behalf of the People.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 He identified a total of five user profiles on the laptop, including the \'93Valued Customer\'94 profile.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The \'93Valued Customer\'94 profile was created on February 10, 2009, was the only active profile, and had been used on May 12, 2009.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
The profile contained 5.89 gigabytes of data with several folders designated by dates containing pictures of women using the restroom.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The \'93jpg\'94 and \'93mov\'94 files on the SD card were consistent with those found on the \'93Valued Customer\'94 profile.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The Examiner accessed the files using a program that did not alter the date stamps, and burned CDs of the content in a way that did not change the date or alter the contents of the files.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas elicited testimony from the Examiner that the date and time 
of creation of a file is based on the internal clock of the computer, which can be manipulated by the user:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Q}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 So then you can\rquote t say that the files, themselves, were created February 10, 2009.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 You can only say that the folder of the user was created; right?
\par A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 No.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The files should be in the burned disk.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 It should be there.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 But I don\rquote t recall what the dates were on the burned disk. . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 Transcript (\'93Tr.\'94) at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 26-27, 30-32}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
 (Jury Trial, Day 3, Dec. 19, 2013)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The Examiner only recalled the creation date for one image:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Q}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 . . . Didn\rquote t you indicate that according to an image that you found on the computer, it had a creation date of June 2, 2008?
\par A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Yes, sir.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Q}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Thank you.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 And that was a picture similar to those that you downloaded to the two CDs you made while imaging; correct?
\par A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Yes.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 (Brief Pause)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Q}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 And in order for it to have that date, it meant that the image had to have been created prior to that date.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Correct?
\par A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Well, that\rquote s the date that was assigned to that image; correct.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Q}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 So it had to have been created on that date.
\par A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Yes, sir.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 43.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
On redirect, the Examiner clarified the difficulty in determining a date based on the time designation of the operating system from his CD files:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
[T]he software, when it boots up, is not using the operating system.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 So, as far as timeframe is concerned, I
\rquote m not going to know that.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 It\rquote s designed in such a way that you don\rquote 
t interrupt the data within . . . the hard drive.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 So, because of that, it\rquote 
s not going to show me a time and date on the bottom.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 You\rquote re running off the CD.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 54.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 12}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Following the Examiner\rquote s testimony, the two victims identified in the Complaint took the stand.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The victims were able to identify themselves in videos shown at trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The first victim recognized her wedding ring and watch, but could not identify a time frame that the videos were taken.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
The second identified herself by her accessories and wedding ring, but was also unable to specify a date that the images might have been taken.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 In addition to identifying herself, the second victim testified she had once observed Blas photographing her and she informed him to stop.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 She further testified he frequented her office and was \'93creepy.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Finally, she mentioned that she observed Blas exiting the men\rquote s bathroom on the sixth floor at the same time she exited the ladies room even though he worked on the seventh floor.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 This peculiar coincidence occurred more than three times, and she began suspecting he was a \'93peeping Tom.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 85.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 During closing argument, Blas\rquote s counsel objected to several statements made by the People including the following: \'93
Now, Mr. Van de Veld is probably going to get up here later and talk about reasonable doubt, and he\rquote s going to tell you some reasons why he thinks that the evidence fails.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Reporter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
s Transcript of Partial Proceedings (\'93RT\'94) at 3 (Dec. 20, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
After a side bar conference that was inaudible and unable to be transcribed, the People continued:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 MS. YU:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Members of the jury, as I was saying about reasonable doubt, the reason
able doubt that may be created later or he might try to create later, are not going to come up together to make a reasonable alternative as to what happened.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 It will not be reasonable doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 3.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Following Blas\rquote 
s closing argument, the People offered the following in rebuttal:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 MS. YU:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Ladies and gentlemen, as I told you, Mr. Van de Veld got up here and told you about reasonable doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 He pointed out several pieces of evidence that he thought was the reason why the evidence failed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 But, pointing out all the holes, he doesn't give you a reasonable alternative as to what could have happened.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 He still hasn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
t come up with anyone who has a motive or an opportunity to frame the Defendant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 11.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Blas again objected, but the content of the sidebar conference was indiscernible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 11-12.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
After the sidebar conference, the Prosecution clarified with the following statements:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 MS. YU:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Now, while it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
s true that Defendant doesn\rquote t have a burden to prove to you anything, he\rquote s asserting that there\rquote s another reasonable alternative explanation as to what happened.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 But he never tells you what that is.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 All he points out are little things that confuse you as to what the real issue here is.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 12.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Blas objected, but the sidebar conference was again indiscernible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 It is not clear from the record if the trial court instructed the jury to disregard the People\rquote s statements.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 However, a jury instruction given by the trial court at the beginning of the trial clarified the burden of proof:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
The defendant has pled not guilty to the charges, and is presumed innocent until such time the Government proves the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
In addition, the defendant also continues to have the right to remain silent, and is never having to prove innocence, or to present any evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr. at 26 (Jury Trial, Day 1, Dec. 17, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Following the trial, the court provided another burden of proof instruction before the jurors began deliberation:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
The burden is always upon the prosecution to prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. The burden never shifts to a defendant for the law never imposes upon a defendant in any criminal c
ase the burden or duty of calling any witnesses or producing any evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par Tr. at 30-31 (Jury Trial, Day 4, Dec. 20, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 After the People presented their case, Blas moved for an acquittal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 First, he argued the Complaint argued an identical crime twice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Second, he moved for an acquittal on statute of limitations grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  arguing that the People \'93failed to prove . . . the date of installation of the device in the wall.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 106}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 , 108}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  (Jury Trial, Day 3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas argued all that was proven was the date the images were discovered, but not whe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 n the crime occurred\emdash namely, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 the date the images were taken.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
The trial court allowed the charge to go forward as a single charge with two counts for the two victims.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Furthermore, the trial court denied the motion for acquittal despite the lack of providing a specific date for commission of the crime}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  reasoning that \'93a reasonable jury may still find beyond a reasonable doubt that, in fact, Mr. Blas did engage in the conducts alleged\'94 in the Complaint based on the evidence presented.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 118.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid2644849 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 16}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas was convicted of two counts of Invasion of Privacy (As a Misdemeanor)
, and sentenced to one year incarceration for each count to be served consecutively, as well as fines, restitution to the victims, and two years of parole following confinement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The Judgment also indicated Blas was required to \'93register as [a] Level One Sex Offender with the Guam Sex Offender Registry.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 RA, tab 95 at 2 (Judgment, May 16, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas timely appealed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 II. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 JURISDICTION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 This court has jurisdiction over appeals from a final judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7 1424-1(a)(2) (Westlaw through Pub. L. 114-49 (2015)); }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 7 GCA \'a7\'a7 3105, 3107(b), 3108(a) (2005); 8 GCA \'a7\'a7 130.10, 130.15(a) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 III. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 STANDARD OF REVIEW}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 18}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The relevant inquiry when reviewing whether the evidence was sufficient \'93to support a criminal conviction is \lquote 
whether the evidence in the record could reasonably support a finding of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.\rquote \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. Campbell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 2006 Guam 14 \'b6 10 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. Maysho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12599652 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid1727185  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 2005 Guam 4 \'b6 8).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The evidence is reviewed \'93
in the light most favorable to the People,\'94 and is sufficient to support a conviction if \'93any rational trier of fact could have found beyond a reasonable doubt the essential elements of the crime charged.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Maysho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  2005 Guam 4 \'b6 8).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 This standard of review is \'93\lquote highly deferential.\rquote \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Sangalang}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  2001 Guam 18 \'b6 20).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\fs24\cf1\super\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs22\f0\fs20\cf1\super\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 
 We note that during oral argument, Blas offered a less stringent standard of review for sufficiency of the evidence issues.  These arguments will be disregarded because \'93arguments not raised in a party}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 s initial brief and instead raised for the first time at oral argument are considered waived.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 United States v. Pizarro-Berrios}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 , 448 F.3d 1, 5 (1st Cir. 2006); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 see also Szczesny v. Ashcroft}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 , 358 F.3d 464, 465 (7th Cir. 2004).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 19}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 A claim for prosecutorial misconduct requires a showing that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380 \'93\lquote prosecutor\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380 comments}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380  so infected the trial with unfairness as to make the resulting conviction a denial of due process.\rquote \'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 
1999 Guam 22 \'b6 20 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Darden v. Wainwright}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 477 U.S. 168, 181 (1986)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Even if the People\rquote 
s comments to the jury are \'93\lquote undesirable or even universally condemned,\rquote \'94 the remarks are not necessarily \'93tantamount to a constitutional violation.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Wainwright}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 477 U.S. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 at}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  181).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Objectionable comments by the People are reviewed under a harmless error standard and will only be reversed if \'93it is more likely than not that the comment affected the jury\rquote s verdict\'94 in a way that \'93taint[s] the und
erlying fairness of the proceedings.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. Moses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 2007 Guam 5 \'b6 7 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  1999 Guam 22 \'b6 18). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \'93Issues of statutory interpretation are reviewed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Ada v. Guam Tel. Auth}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ., 1999 Guam 10 \'b6
 10 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. Quichocho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid8722340  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 1997 Guam 13 \'b6 3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 IV. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ANALYSIS
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 A. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Whether Sufficient Evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 as Presented }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 o Show }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 hat Blas Captured Images }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 nd Video }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ithin }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 he Applicable }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 Statute of Limitations}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s31\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 21}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Blas contends there was insufficient evidence to sustain his Invasion of Privacy conviction because no evidence at trial proved that he used the device within the applicable statute of limitations.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appellant\rquote s Br. at 11 (Aug. 29, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas also believes that the People erroneously conflate the dates of the use of the product of the device installation (i.e.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  the collected images) with the transfer of those images from a viewing device onto computers or disks.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appellant\rquote s Reply Br. at 4-9 (Jan. 22, 2015).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Instead, he argues that the only evidence on the record supporting the date the device (i.e.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
 the camera) was used was June 2, 2008, which was more than one year prior to the filing of the misdemeanor charges on July 8, 2009.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appellant\rquote s Br. at 13 (citing RA, tab 1 at 2 (Compl.)); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 see also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  Tr. at 43 (Jury Trial, Day 3) (the Examiner testified regarding an image with a June 2, 2008 creation date).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Under 8 GCA \'a7 10.30, a misdemeanor offense such as Invasion of Privacy offen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 e must be charged within }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 one}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  year after it is committed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 8 GCA \'a7 10.30 (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 22}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The People counter that Blas\rquote s argument fails to focus on additional evidence presented and how that evidence relates to the charge.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appellee\rquote s Br. at 10 (Dec. 19, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
The charge does not relate to a specific image or video, but rather that the installation of a device within a private place occurred between April 1, 2009 through May 31, 2009, for the purpose of \'93
observing, photographing, recording, amplifying or broadcasting sounds or events in such a place.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
RA, tab 1 at 1-2 (Compl.).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Although there is no clear date showing when filming began, the People argue sufficient evidence was provided for a jury to conclude that Blas engaged in an ongoing course of illegal condu
ct following his discovery of the hole, and until the camera was discovered on May 13, 2009.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appellee\rquote 
s Br. at 12.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 In evaluating whether the evidence was sufficient to support Blas\rquote s criminal conviction, we must determine \'93\lquote 
whether the evidence in the record could reasonably support a finding of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt\rquote \'94 within the applicable statute of limitations.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Campbell}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 2006 Guam 14 \'b6 10 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Maysho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  2005 Guam 4 \'b6 8).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 In doing so, we review the evidence presented in a light most favorable to the People, and the conviction will be upheld if \'93
any rational trier of fact could have found beyond a reasonable doubt the essential elements of the crime charged.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid10052678 We}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
 have said that in the criminal sexual conduct context, \'93a conviction may be attacked if the evidence at trial demonstrates that the date proved was not \lquote reasonably near\rquote  the date alleged in the indictment\'94
 even though time is not an essential element of the crime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  \'b6 17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. Atoigue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5713229  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 DCA No. CR 91-95A, 1992 WL 245628, at *7 (D. Guam App. Div. Sept. 11, 1992)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Although this is an Invasion of Privacy case in which time is not an essential element, the \'93reasonably near\'94 principle described in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Campbell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 is equally applicable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Thus, proving \'93\lquote any date before the return of the indictment and within the statute of limitations is sufficient\rquote \'94 to sustain a conviction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Atoigue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5713229  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 1992 WL 245628, at *7).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Variance between the dates alleged in the indictment or information and those proved at trial is permissible \'93[a]s long as a defendant is neither surprised nor hampered in preparing his defense.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs19\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tingley v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 549 So.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
2d 649, 650 (Fla. 1989) (\'93[T]he exact date of the offense need not be alleged.\'94);}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs19\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380 United States v. Tsinhnahijinnie}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs17\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380 112 F.3d 988, 991 (9th Cir. 1997}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 )}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid4859733 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
urning to the facts of this case, it is apparent that Blas\rquote s concentration on the image created}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
 June 2, 2008, fails to focus on additional evidence and how that evidence relates to the Invasion of Privacy charge.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  Title}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  9 GCA \'a7 70.35(a)(2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 (2005)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 , before being }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 repealed and reenacted by Pub. L. 32\endash 144:2 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 (}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Apr. 28, 2014), criminalized \'93install[ing]\'94 or \'93us[ing] any such unauthorized installation,\'94
 and sufficient evidence showed the camera was used because each separate instance of filming would constitute an \'93installation\'94 or \'93use\'94 of an unauthorized installation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs22\f0\fs24\cf1\super\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\fs20\super\insrsid3750518\charrsid11169259 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid3750518\charrsid11169259  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 Under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518 former }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 9 GCA \'a7 70.35}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518 (a)(2):}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518 (a) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 A person commits a misdemeanor if, except as authorized by law, he:
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi720\li1440\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 . . . .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi720\li1440\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 
(2) installs in any private place, without the consent of the person or persons entitled to privacy there, any device for observing, photographing, recording, amplifying or broadca
sting sounds or events in such place, or uses any such unauthorized installation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 9 GCA \'a7 70.35}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518 (a)(2) (2005).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
For example, bank personnel testified Blas stated he knew about the hole in the inner utility room since 2008, but chose not to cover it up.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr. at 62-63 (Jury Trial, Day 2, Dec. 18, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Blas was also identified as the only bank employee with working keys to the inner utility room.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Tr. at 146 (Jury Trial, Day 1).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
This evidence could lead the jury to infer that Blas began filming in 2008, and continued between July 2008 and May 12, 2009.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Additional compelling evidence came from the Examiner who testified that the \'93Valued Customer\'94 profile was created in Blas\rquote 
s laptop on February 10, 2009, and that the profile had been used on May 12, 2009.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 9-10 (Jury Trial, Day 2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The Examiner further testified \'93Valued Customer\'94 was the only active profile, containing 5.89 gigabytes of data.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr. at 10, 13 (Jury Trial, Day 3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Also, images on Blas\rquote s computer were similar to those found in the SD card.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr. at 25-27 (Jury Trial, Day 2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Moreover, the second victim testified that she observed Blas exiting the men\rquote s bathroom on the sixth floor at the same time she exited the ladies room even though he worked on the seventh floor.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 85, 95 (Jury Trial, Day 3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
This peculiar coincidence occurred more than three times.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 85.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Furthermore, the laptop, camera, and charging battery were still physically present at the Bank as of May 13, 2009.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr. at 41 (Jury Trial, Day 1); Tr. at 62-63 (Jury Trial, Day 2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
It was reasonable for the jury to conclude the camera setup was used within the applicable statute of limitations period, through May 12, 2009, exclusive of any malleable time-stamping.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Taken together, the facts that the \'93Valued Customer\'94 profile show
ed substantial data and high activity since February 10, 2009, testimony identified Blas as the only individual with keys to the utility room, and the camera with illicit images was found on May 13, 2009}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  provided sufficient evidence for a jury to determine that Blas used the device within 8 GCA \'a7 10.30\rquote s one}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 year statute of limitations.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See Campbell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 2006 Guam 14 \'b6 10; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 see also 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr. at 41}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 , 146}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
 (Jury Trial, Day 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 );}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  Tr. at 30 (Jury Trial, Day 3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The evidence shows the date of recording the images and videos entered into evidence was \'93reasonably near\'94
 the dates alleged in the Complaint.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See Campbell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 2006 Guam 14 \'b6 17 (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Under the highly deferential standard under which a sufficiency of the evidence challenge is viewed, a rational trier of fact could have found Blas guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  \'b6 10.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Therefore, Blas\rquote s sufficiency of the evidence challenge fails.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 B. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Whether Blas }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 resented a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 eviewable \'93Unit of Prosecution
\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 Challenge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 After the People presented their case, Blas argued that the Complaint improperly alleged an identical crime twice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 106 (Jury Trial, Day 3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The trial court denied Blas\rquote 
s motion for acquittal, allowing the charge to go forward as a single charge with two counts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 117.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Although not present in his statement of issues, Blas briefly mentions on appeal that \'93there was only a single charge as the offense provided for the offense to be against multiple persons,\'94 but the court denied the motion for acquittal.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appellant\rquote s Br. at 11.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 This purported \'93unit of prosecution\'94 argument is not developed by Blas further, but is discussed at length by the People.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appellee\rquote s Br. at 13-15.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 28}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Pursuant to the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Guam Rule}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 s
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  of Appellate Procedure (\'93GRAP\'94), an Appellant\rquote s brief must contain an argument, which must state the \'93Appellant\rquote s contentions and reasons for them\'94
 with citations to authorities and the record.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 GRAP 13(a)(9)(A).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Furthermore, \'93[i]ssues raised in a brief which are not supported by argument are deemed abandoned . . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 We will only review an issue not properly presented if our failure to do so would result in manifest injustice.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. Quinata}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 1999 Guam 6 \'b6 26 (quoting }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 Acosta-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Huerta v. Estelle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs19\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid8921570 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 7 F.3d 139, 144 (9th Cir.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 1992));}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  see also }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 United States v. Turner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid8921570 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs17\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 898 F.2d 705, 712 (9th Cir.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 1990).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 We determine that Blas\rquote 
s failure to develop this argument resulted in an abandonment of the issue, and that no manifest injustice will result if it is disregarded.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 C. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Whether the Prosecution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 Engaged in a}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 n Improper Closing Argument }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 that Tainted the Underlying Fairness of t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 he Proceeding
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas next argues that the prosecutor engaged in misconduct through making improper closing arguments that the trial court failed to cure.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appellant\rquote s Br. at 13.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The People argue their statements merely anticipated the doubt Blas would suggest was unreasonable, which is permissible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appellee\rquote s Br. at 16.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \'93[W]hen addressing claims of prosecutorial misconduct, we first determine whether the challenged statements were indeed improper.\'94}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Boyle v. Million}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid8921570  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 201 F.3d 711, 717 (6th Cir. 2000) (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs19\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 United States v. Francis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 170 F.3d 546, 549 (6th Cir.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 1999)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
However, an improper argument is not a per se violation of the defendant\rquote s constitutional rights.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Mancuso v. Olivarez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 292 F.3d 939, 957 (9th Cir. 2002) (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 For prosecutorial misconduct to rise to the level of a constitutional violation, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380 \'93\lquote prosecutor\rquote s 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380 comments}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380  [must have] so infected the trial with unfairness as to make the resulting conviction a denial of due process.\rquote \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 1999 Guam 22 \'b6 20 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Wainwright}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 477 U.S. at 181).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Even if the People\rquote s comments to the jury are \'93\lquote undesirable or even universally condemned,\rquote \'94
 the remarks are not necessarily \'93tantamount to a constitutional violation.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Wainwright}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 477 U.S. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  181).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 It is improper for the prosecution to \'93suggest that the defendant has the burden to produce evidence.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 United States v. Balter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
, 91 F.3d 427, 441 (3d Cir. 1996), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 as amended}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  (Aug. 16, 1996) (citations omitted).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Yet several jurisdictions hold that it is allowable for the prosec
ution to comment upon the failure of the defense to offer evidence in support of its case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Orellana v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 381 S.W.3d 645, 655 (Tex. App. 2012) (\'93[I]t is generally permissible for the State to comment on a defendant\rquote 
s failure to present favorable evidence, and such comments do not shift the burden of proof.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ); }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 see also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 75A Am. Jur. 2d }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  \'a7 506 (2015).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 32}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Specifically, some courts acknowledge that a prosecutor\rquote s remark that defense counsel\rquote s theory of doubt is \'93unreasonable
\'94 rather than \'93reasonable\'94 is not necessarily improper burden-shifting.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appellee\rquote s Br. at 17.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 For example, in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
People v. Stewart}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , the defendant challenged the prosecutor\rquote 
s following comment challenging the defense to provide a reasonable interpretation of the evidence showing defendant\rquote s innocence:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Now, we\rquote re starting to get a little better sense of what \lquote burden of proof beyond a reasonable doubt\rquote  means.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 It means: Is there a reasonable interpretation of this evidence other than [defendant] killed three people?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The answer to that question is no.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
And, ladies and gentlemen, I'll do it right now.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 challenge defense counsel to talk about the evidence in this case, and tell you\emdash give you\emdash let us all listen very carefully to see if he does it\emdash 
a reasonable interpretation of this evidence that says that [defendant] is not guilty}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 . . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 \'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par 93 P.3d 271, 327 (Cal. 2004) (emphasis added).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
The prosecutor continued, stating that although the defendant was entitled to \'93reasonable doubt,\'94 he was not similarly entitled to \'93unreasonable doubt.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  at 328.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Unlike this case, the defendant in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Stewart }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
did not object to the prosecutor\rquote s argument.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  at 327-28.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 However, the court assessed the argument in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 dicta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  and reasoned that \'93any misconduct would be harmless\'94 because \'93[t]he
 statement was plainly an attempt to elaborate on the interaction between the concepts of reasonable and unreasonable doubt, and the burden of proof beyond a reasonable doubt.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  at 327.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 33}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Similarly, the prosecutor in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. Collins}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  stated in rebuttal that the defendant\rquote s \'93absurd\'94 theory \'93as to why the jury should find a reasonable doubt was so unlikely as to strain credibility.\'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 250 P.3d 668, 678 (Colo. App. 2010).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Using an abuse of discretion standard, the appellate court concluded that the comments \'93permissibly focused the jury\rquote 
s attention on the evidence and the inferences that could reasonably be drawn from the evidence.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Harris v. People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs19\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 888 P.2d 259, 263-64 (Colo. 1995)).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\fs24\cf1\super\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\super\insrsid3750518 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3750518   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572 The court also noted that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid6829802 a prosecutor may }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518 
\lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid6829802 
employ rhetorical devices and engage in oratorical embellishment and metaphorical nuance, so long as [the argument] does not thereby induce the jury to determine guilt on the basis of passion or prejudice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid6829802 \'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572 
Collins}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572 , 250 P.3d at 678 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572 People v. Allee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid6829802  77 P.3d 831, 837 (Colo.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid6829802 App.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid6829802 2003)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid6829802 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572  Furthermore, \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid6829802 a prosecutor has considerable latitude in replying to op}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572 posing counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572 s argument, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid6829802 [c]ontentions of improper argument in a closing argument must be evaluated in the context of the argument as a whole}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572  and in light of the evidence.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid6829802 \'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid11810572 (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
The court determined the record did not suggest the comments \'93induce[d] the jury to make a decision on a basis other than the merits of the evidence and the court\rquote s instructions of law.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 679.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380 [34]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Here, the prosecutor stated during closing argument that \'93[defense counsel] is probably going to get up here later and talk about reasonable doubt, and he\rquote s going to tell you some reasons why he thinks that the evidence fails.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 RT, at 3 (Dec. 20, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The People also stated that \'93the reasonable doubt that may be created later or [Blas\rquote s counsel] may try to create later, are not going to come up together to
 make a reasonable alternative as to what happened.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 It will not be reasonable doubt.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 RT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , at 3 (Dec. 20, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas objected to these statements and subsequent arguments, but all sidebar conferences were indiscernible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 3, 11-12.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 35}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 During his own closing argument, Blas argued as predicted by the prosecutor that the People\rquote 
s evidence was insufficient to convict Blas of Invasion of Privacy due to various evidentiary failures and errors by defense witnesses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr. at 5-24 (Jury Trial, Day 4).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas\rquote s d
efense counsel took the opportunity to emphasize that the burden of proving a case is on the People: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Now, they\rquote 
ll say, well, did the -- did the defendant show you that?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Did you then hear the jury instruction saying that -- saying that\rquote s what you heard at the beginning of the trial?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 A defendant never has to prove anything.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
A defendant has no obligation to present any witnesses, if from the evidence that is presented, there are reasonable questions you must determine that there is reasonable doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  at 7.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 As a prosecutor may comment that defense counsel\rquote 
s theory as unreasonable, we determine that the above statements by the prosecutor permissibly elaborated on the concepts of reasonable and unreasonable doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See Stewart}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 93 P.3d at 327.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Thus, the statements made by the People prior to rebuttal were proper.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 36}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 On the other hand, a statement offered by the People during rebuttal is problematic.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 RT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , at 3 (Dec. 20, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The following comment is improper as it implies Blas was required to present evidence of an individual with motive or an opportunity to \'93frame
\'94 him:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 MS. YU:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Ladies and gentlemen, as I told you, Mr. Van de Veld got up here and told you about reasonable doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 He pointed out several pieces of evidence that he thought was the reason why the evidence failed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 But, pointing out all the holes, he doesn\rquote t give you a reasonable alternative as to what could have happened. He still hasn\rquote 
t come up with anyone who has a motive or an opportunity to frame the Defendant. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 RT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , at 11 (Dec. 20, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
This comment was coupled with a statement that the defense did not have the burden to prove anything, that Blas\rquote s counsel was confusing the real issues of the case, and that any doubt generated was not reasonable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 12.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 37}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Although the statement i
s improper, it is unlikely that the prosecutor\rquote s comments rose to the level of prosecutorial misconduct that so \'93\lquote infected the trial with unfairness as to make the resulting conviction a denial of due process.\rquote \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 1999 Guam 22 \'b6
 20 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Wainwright}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 477 U.S. at 181).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
This objectionable comment is reviewed under a harmless error standard and will only be reversed if \'93it is more likely than not that the comment affected the jury\rquote s verdict\'94 in a way that \'93taint[s] the underlying fairness of t
he proceedings.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Moses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
, 2007 Guam 5 \'b6 7 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 1999 Guam 22 \'b6 18).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \'93[T]he test for harmless error is whether it appears beyond a reasonable doubt that the error complained of did not contribute to the verdict obtained.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. Meseral}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 2014 Guam 13 \'b6 42 (quoting }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. Roten}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 2012 Guam 3 \'b6 41).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Under this harmless error test, the prosecution \'93bears the burden of persuasion regarding prejudice.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Quitugua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid11802380  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 2009 Guam 10 \'b6 43 n.9).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 38}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Like }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Stewart}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , \'93any misconduct would be harmless\'94 because \'93
[t]he statement[s were] plainly an attempt to elaborate on the interaction between the concepts of reasonable and unreasonable doubt.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 93 P.3d at 327.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
There is no indication that the jury shifted the burden to Blas.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
The instructions made by the trial court before and after trial as to the burden of proof, along with clarifications made by both parties, made clear that the burden rested on the People.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr. at 25-27 (Jury Trial, Day 1); Tr. at 30-31 (Jury Trial, Day 4).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas does not argue that the court\rquote s instructions were erroneous.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 39}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
In addition, the trial judge instructed the jury after closing arguments that \'93[w]hat the lawyers have said in their . . . closing arguments . . . [are] not evidence.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Tr. at 28 (Jury Trial, Day 4); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 see also id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 at 42.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Evaristo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , a similar instruction compelled our conclusion that an improper comment by the prosecutor did not \'93
influence[] the jury to the extent that the jury\rquote s conviction was not arrived at objectively.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
1999 Guam 22 \'b6 21.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 40}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 We are also persuaded by our holding in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
People v. Meseral}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 2014 Guam 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 In that case, we held}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 that a prosecutor\rquote 
s improper vouching statement resulted in harmless error; in part because the trial court instructed the jury that remarks made by attorneys during closing statements were not evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Meseral}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 2014 Guam 13 \'b6 43.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Furthermore, we held that \'93a criminal conviction is not to be lightly overturned on the basis of a prosecutor\rquote 
s comments standing alone, for the statements or conduct must be viewed in context; only by so doing can it be determined whether the prosecutor\rquote s conduct affected the fairness of the trial.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  (alteration in original) (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 United States v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Young}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid337132  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 470 U.S. 1, 11 (1985)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 In this case, the prosecutor\rquote s statement standing alone is insufficient to overturn Blas\rquote 
s conviction because the improper statement had little, if any, prejudicial effect on the jury.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
Thus, any misconduct by the prosecutor was harmless.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 D. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Whether the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 nclusion of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  Sex O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ffender }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 egistry }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 rder in the Judgment was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 roper
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 41}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The trial court\rquote s Judgment notified Blas that he is required to register as a Level One Sex Offender.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 RA, tab 95 at 1-2 (Judgment, May 16, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas contends that the trial court exceeded its authority under 9 GCA \'a7 80.10 by imposing the registration requirement as a condition of sentence in this case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appellant\rquote s Br. at 16-17.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 In Blas\rquote s view, 9 GCA \'a7 80.10 does not provide authority to the court to require registration, and that 9 GCA \'a7 89.03 \'93
imposes a criminal penalty for non-compliance rather than a penalty for a sentenci}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid10366176 ng violation.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs22\f0\fs24\cf1\super\insrsid3750518\charrsid10366176 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\super\insrsid3750518\charrsid9766645 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid9766645 
 Blas highlights subsections in which violations of 9 GCA \'a7 89.03 can result in a felony.  Appellant\rquote s Br. at 22-23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid9766645  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid9766645 Under 9 GCA \'a7 89.03(c)(5), failure to provide a biological sample can have the same penalty as failure to register, w
hich is a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid16609461 third degree felony; intentional or knowing failure to register while under supervised parole or probation, or when a person i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid10429304 s no longer under supervised parole or probation is a felony in the third degree under 9 GCA \'a7 89.03(d)(3)-(4).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid10884002 9 GCA \'a7
 89.03 (as amended by Pub. L. 31-047 (May 23, 2011)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3750518   }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid10366176 
Appellant\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Br. at 17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid10366176 9 GCA \'a7 89.03 (as amended by Pub. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 L. 31-047}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid10366176  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid10366176 May 23, 2011)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The People counter that sex offender registr}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 ation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  is a civil collateral consequence of Blas\rquote 
s sentence, and that the law requires registration as a condition to release from incarceration.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Appellee
\rquote s Br. at 22.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 42}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 We have stated that it is \'93our duty }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  to interpret statutes in light of their terms and legislative intent.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Carlson v. Guam Tel. Auth.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  2002 Guam 15 
\'b6 46 n.7.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \'93Absent clear legislative intent to the contrary, the plain meaning prevails.\'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 People v. Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
, 2004 Guam 18 \'b6 8 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Sumitomo Constr. Co. v. Gov\rquote t of Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  2001 Guam 23 \'b6 17).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 43}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Individuals convicted of a sex offense who reside on Guam have \'93the absolute duty\'94 to register as a sex offender.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 9 GCA \'a7 89.03(a)(1)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid9464497  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid9464497 (as amended by P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 ub}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid9464497 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid9464497 L. 31-047}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 :2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid9464497  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid9464497 May 23, 2011
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid9464497 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 All sex offenders are required to initially register prior to completion of \'93
a sentence of imprisonment with respect to the offense giving rise to the registration requirements.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
9 GCA 89.03(d)(2)(A).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Pursuant to 9 GCA \'a7
 89.02(a)(2)(K), a person convicted of the crime Invasion of Privacy as set forth in 9 GCA \'a7 70.35 is required to register as a level one sex offender.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\fs24\cf1\super\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\fs20\super\insrsid3750518\charrsid11169259 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 
 Level one sex offenders must continue to register for their lifetime.  9 GCA \'a7 89.04(a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518  (as amended by Pub. L. 30-223:2 (Dec. 30, 2010))}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs20\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5457069 .  }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 9 GCA \'a7 89.02(a)(2)(K)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  (as amended by Pub. L. 32-141:8 (Apr. 28, 2014))}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 44}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The Judiciary is required by statute to inform sex offender registrants of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 ir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  registr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 ation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  duties.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 9 GCA \'a7 89.10(b).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Furthermore, the Judiciary is tasked with 
\'93ensur[ing] that any person required to register under this Chapter has read and signed a form stating that the registrant\rquote s duty to register under this Chapter has been explained.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 9 GCA \'a7 89.10(c).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Finally, the Judiciary shall \'93
perform all other duties necessary to ensure the proper maintenance of the Sex Offender Registry and to ensure that all registrants comply with their registration duties as set out in this Chapter.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 9 GCA \'a7 89.10(f)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  (as amended by Pub. L. 30-223:2 (Dec. 30, 2010))}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 45}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
The duty to register as a sex offender is not intended to impose punishment, but is rather a remedial civil penalty intended to protect public safety.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See State v. Simmons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 329 P.3d 523, 525 (Kan. Ct. App. 2014); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 see also People v. Gravino}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 928 N.E.2d 1048, 1054 (N.Y. 2010) (citations omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 These \'93nonpunitive collateral consequences of judgment . . . are distinct from, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 not a part of, a criminal sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 .\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Simmons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 329 P.3d }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  533 (emphasis added).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid10884002 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 46}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The majority of jurisdictions view sex offender registration as a civil collateral consequence to a conviction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See Magyar v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
, 18 So. 3d 807, 811-12 (Miss. 2009) (presenting a survey of numerous jurisdictions with respect to the collateral consequence issue in the guilty plea context).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 For example, in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Leslie v. Randle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
, the Sixth Circuit held that the requirement to register as a sex offender under an Ohio statute was a collateral consequence of a conviction, similar to the loss of the right to vote, which was insufficient to provide for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 habeas corpus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  relief.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 296 F.3d 518, 522-23 (6th Cir. 2002) (citations omitted) (these examples were distinguished from an example of a prisoner released on parole because that prisoner\rquote 
s freedom of movement was sufficiently restrained to be \'93in custody\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 habeas relief purposes); }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 see also Commonwealth v. Leidig}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 956 A.2d 399, 404 (Pa. 2008).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Likewise, the United States Supreme Court recognized sex offender registration as an \'93
effect[] of a conviction commonly viewed as collateral.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Chaidez v. United States}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 133 S. Ct. 1103, 1108 n.5 (2013) (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Padilla v. Kentucky}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 559 U.S. 356, 376 (2010) (Alito, J., concurring) (listing other examples)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Finally, Washington courts have held that even though failure to follow sex offender registration requirements might limit a defendant\rquote 
s movement by future incarceration, this potentiality was dependent on the defendant\rquote s choice to comply.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Williamson v. Gregoire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 151 F.3d 1180, 1184 (9th Cir. 1998).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 47}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Blas was convicted of Invasion of Privacy as set forth in 9 GCA \'a7 70.35.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 As the plain language of 9 GCA \'a7 89.02 requires a person convicted of Invasion of Privacy to register as a level one sex offender, 
Blas is required to satisfy the statutory registration requirements upon his release from incarceration.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 9 GCA \'a7 89.02(a)(2)(K).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 The requirement to register as a sex offender is merely a civil collateral consequence of Blas\rquote s conviction and is not part of his sentence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 There is no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 ex post facto }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 punishment at issue because further penalty under 9 GCA \'a7 89.03 will result only if Blas chooses not to register.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\fs24\cf1\super\insrsid3750518 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\f0\super\insrsid3750518\charrsid10884002 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid10884002  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid10884002 Non-punitive sex offender registration requirements that create a civil regime can be applied retroactively without violating the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid10884002 
ex post facto }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\cf1\insrsid3750518 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid10884002 lause of the United States Constitution.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid10884002 
See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid10884002 Smith v. Doe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid12523787 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid8206571  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518 538 U.S. 84, 105-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid3750518\charrsid10884002 06 (2003).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Finally, it was acceptable for the trial court to inform Blas of his registration requirement in the Judgment because the Judiciary is required to \'93perform all other duties necessary to ensure\'94
 compliance with sex offender registration requirements.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  9 GCA \'a7 89.10(f).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 It would ma
ke little difference if Blas was notified within the Judgment, or within a separate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 rder.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
The trial court appropriately exercised its inherent authority to manage the case before it by notifying Blas of the registration requirement within the Judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 See Krevis v. City of Bridgeport}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 , 817 A.2d 628, 633 (Conn. 2003) (citations omitted) (\'93A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 trial court has the authority to manage cases before it as is necessary.\'94).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Thus, the trial court\rquote s inclusion of sex offender registration in the Judgment was permissible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518 V. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 CONCLUSION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3750518 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518 48}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518\charrsid2628690 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 We conclude that under the highly deferential standard under which a sufficiency of the evidence challenge is viewed, a rational trier of fact could 
conclude beyond a reasonable doubt that Blas captured the images within the applicable statute of limitations period.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 We also note that Blas\rquote s failure to develop his \'93unit of prosecution\'94 argument resulted in abandonment of the issue.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Next, we hold that reversal on the basis of the prosecutor\rquote s improper comment is unwarranted because it is unlikely the comment affected the jury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 s verdict in a way that tainted the underlying fairness of the proceedings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 Finally, we determine that Blas is required by 9 GCA \'a7 89.02(a)(2)(K) to register as a Level One Sex Offender.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 As this requirement was a civil collateral consequence of conviction distinct from the punitive aspects of his sentence, the court
\rquote s inclusion of it in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 udgment was permissible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 For the foregoing reasons, the Judgment is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 AFFIRMED}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518\charrsid5768908 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3750518 
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