{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f2\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset0\fprq1{\*\panose 02070309020205020404}Courier New;}{\f3\fbidi \froman\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05050102010706020507}Symbol;}{\f10\fbidi \fnil\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05000000000000000000}Wingdings;}
{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}{\f37\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\f38\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604030504040204}Tahoma;}
{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f45\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f46\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f48\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f49\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f50\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f51\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f52\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f53\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f65\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset238\fprq1 Courier New CE;}{\f66\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset204\fprq1 Courier New Cyr;}
{\f68\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset161\fprq1 Courier New Greek;}{\f69\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset162\fprq1 Courier New Tur;}{\f70\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset177\fprq1 Courier New (Hebrew);}{\f71\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset178\fprq1 Courier New (Arabic);}
{\f72\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset186\fprq1 Courier New Baltic;}{\f73\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset163\fprq1 Courier New (Vietnamese);}{\f385\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}{\f386\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}
{\f388\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f389\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f392\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}{\f393\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}
{\f415\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\f416\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\f418\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\f419\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}
{\f422\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\f423\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\f425\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Tahoma CE;}{\f426\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Tahoma Cyr;}
{\f428\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Tahoma Greek;}{\f429\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Tahoma Tur;}{\f430\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Tahoma (Hebrew);}{\f431\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Tahoma (Arabic);}
{\f432\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Tahoma Baltic;}{\f433\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Tahoma (Vietnamese);}{\f434\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 Tahoma (Thai);}
{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;
\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;
\caccentone\ctint25\cshade255\red237\green242\blue248;\ctextone\ctint255\cshade255\red0\green0\blue0;\caccenttwo\ctint255\cshade204\red158\green58\blue56;\cbackgroundone\ctint255\cshade255\red255\green255\blue255;
\caccentone\ctint63\cshade255\red211\green223\blue238;\red255\green255\blue255;\caccentone\ctint51\cshade255\red219\green229\blue241;\ctextone\ctint63\cshade255\red192\green192\blue192;\ctextone\ctint25\cshade255\red230\green230\blue230;
\ctextone\ctint51\cshade255\red204\green204\blue204;\ctextone\ctint127\cshade255\red128\green128\blue128;}{\*\defchp }{\*\defpap \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 }\noqfpromote {\stylesheet{
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 \sqformat \spriority0 \styrsid5770243 Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive 
\ssemihidden \sunhideused \spriority1 Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext11 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \sqformat Normal Table;}{
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 \slink16 \styrsid5770243 header;}{\*\cs16 
\additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24 \sbasedon10 \slink15 \slocked \styrsid5770243 Header Char;}{\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext17 \slink18 \styrsid5770243 footnote text;}{\*\cs18 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24 \sbasedon10 \slink17 \slocked \styrsid5770243 Footnote Text Char;}{\*\cs19 \additive 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super \sbasedon10 \styrsid5770243 footnote reference;}{\*
\ts20\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tscbandsh1\tscbandsv1\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tscellcbpat17\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\cf18\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon11 \snext20 \spriority72 \styrsid5770243 
Colorful List Accent 1;}{\*\ts20\tsrowd\tscellcfpat0\tscellcbpat19\tscellpct0\tsbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brdrcf20 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf20 \tscfirstrow Colorful List Accent 1;}{\*\ts20\tsrowd\tscellcfpat0\tscellcbpat20\tscellpct0\tsbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw30\brdrcf18 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19 \tsclastrow Colorful List Accent 1;}{\*\ts20\tsrowd \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b \tscfirstcol Colorful List Accent 1;}{\*\ts20\tsrowd \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b \tsclastcol 
Colorful List Accent 1;}{\*\ts20\tsrowd\tscellcfpat0\tscellcbpat21\tscellpct0\tsbrdrt\brdrnone \tsbrdrl\brdrnone \tsbrdrb\brdrnone \tsbrdrr\brdrnone \tsbrdrh\brdrnone \tsbrdrv\brdrnone \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \tscbandvertodd Colorful List Accent 1;}
{\*\ts20\tsrowd\tscellcfpat0\tscellcbpat23\tscellpct0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \tscbandhorzodd Colorful List Accent 1;}{\s21\ql \li0\ri0\sl-227\slmult0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f2\fs18\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext21 \spriority0 \styrsid5770243 Attorney Name;}{\*\cs22 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i 
\sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority20 \styrsid5770243 Emphasis;}{\*\ts23\tsrowd\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw20\brdrcf18 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw20\brdrcf18 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw20\brdrcf18 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw20\brdrcf18 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw20\brdrcf18 \trbrdrv
\brdrs\brdrw20\brdrcf18 \trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tscbandsh1\tscbandsv1\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tscellcbpat24\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31503\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf18\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f31502\hich\af31502\dbch\af31501\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon11 \snext23 \spriority68 \styrsid5770243 Medium Grid 2;}{\*\ts23\tsrowd\tscellcfpat0\tscellcbpat25\tscellpct0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31503 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf18 \tscfirstrow Medium Grid 2;}{\*\ts23\tsrowd\tscellcfpat0\tscellcbpat20\tscellpct0\tsbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw30\brdrcf18 \tsbrdrl\brdrnone \tsbrdrb\brdrnone \tsbrdrr\brdrnone \tsbrdrh\brdrnone \tsbrdrv\brdrnone \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31503 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf18 \tsclastrow Medium Grid 2;}{\*\ts23\tsrowd\tscellcfpat0\tscellcbpat20\tscellpct0\tsbrdrt
\brdrnone \tsbrdrl\brdrnone \tsbrdrb\brdrnone \tsbrdrr\brdrnone \tsbrdrh\brdrnone \tsbrdrv\brdrnone \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31503 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf18 \tscfirstcol Medium Grid 2;}{\*\ts23\tsrowd\tscellcfpat0\tscellcbpat26\tscellpct0\tsbrdrt\brdrnone \tsbrdrl
\brdrnone \tsbrdrb\brdrnone \tsbrdrr\brdrnone \tsbrdrh\brdrnone \tsbrdrv\brdrnone \rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af31503 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\cf18 \tsclastcol Medium Grid 2;}{\*\ts23\tsrowd\tscellcfpat0\tscellcbpat27\tscellpct0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31503 \ltrch\fcs0 
\tscbandvertodd Medium Grid 2;}{\*\ts23\tsrowd\tscellcfpat0\tscellcbpat27\tscellpct0\tsbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw15\brdrcf18 \tsbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw15\brdrcf18 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31503 \ltrch\fcs0 \tscbandhorzodd Medium Grid 2;}{\*
\ts23\tsrowd\tscellcfpat0\tscellcbpat20\tscellpct0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31503 \ltrch\fcs0 \tscnwcell Medium Grid 2;}{\*\cs24 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid5770243 co_searchterm;}{
\s25\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs16\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f38\fs16\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext25 \slink26 \sunhideused \styrsid5770243 Balloon Text;}{\*\cs26 
\additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \f38\fs16 \sbasedon10 \slink25 \slocked \styrsid5770243 Balloon Text Char;}{\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext27 \slink28 \sunhideused \styrsid5770243 footer;}{\*\cs28 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24 \sbasedon10 \slink27 \slocked \styrsid5770243 Footer Char;}{\*\cs29 \additive 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16 \sbasedon10 \sunhideused \styrsid5770243 annotation reference;}{\s30\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext30 \slink31 \sunhideused \styrsid5770243 annotation text;}{\*\cs31 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \slink30 \slocked \styrsid5770243 Comment Text Char;}{
\s32\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon30 \snext30 \slink33 \sunhideused \styrsid5770243 annotation subject;}{\*
\cs33 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b \sbasedon31 \slink32 \slocked \styrsid5770243 Comment Subject Char;}{\*\ts34\tsrowd\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon11 \snext34 \spriority59 \styrsid5770243 Table Grid;}}
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{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }
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{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }
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\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
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\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1540513542}{\list\listtemplateid-1171086970\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc3\levelnfcn3\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
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\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f2\fs18\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Plaintiff-Appellee,
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 v.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ANTHONY PAUL MENDIOLA,
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Defendant-Appellant.
\par 
\par Supreme Court Case No.: CRA14-019
\par Superior Court Case No.: CF0218-13-02
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 OPINION
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Filed:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 August 20, 2015
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Cite as: 2015 Guam 26
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
\par Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam
\par Argued and submitted on February 25, 2015
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\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Dededo, Guam
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Appearing for Defendant-Appellant:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Joaquin C. Arriola, Jr., }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  (Briefed)
\par Zachary Taimanglo, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  (Argued)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Arriola, Cowan & Arriola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 259 Martyr St., Ste. 201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96910}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \cell }\pard \ltrpar
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 James C. Collins, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-5040\li5040\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin5040\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Assistant Attorney General}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Office of the Attorney General}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 590 S. Marine Corps Dr., Ste. 706
\par Tamuning, GU 96913\cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid14234011\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 

\par BEFORE:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ROBERT J. TORRES, Chief Justice; F. PHILIP CARBULLIDO
, Associate Justice; KATHERINE A. MARAMAN, Associate Justice.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 MARAMAN, J.: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [1]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab The dispute in this case centers on whether Defendant
-Appellant Anthony Paul Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
s constitutional and statutory rights to a speedy trial were violated by Plaintiff-Appellee People of Guam (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 the People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Mendiola claims that the trial court erred in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 denying his motion to dismiss.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Specifically, Mendiola asserts that the trial court should have found that the delay in bringing him to trial constituted a violation of his speedy trial rights under both the United States Constitution and applicable Guam law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 He further suggests that the appropriate remedy for such violation is to vacate his convictions and 
dismiss the charges against him.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
For the reasons set forth herein, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  I.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Factual and Procedural Background}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 {\*\bkmkstart SDU_516}[2]}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab The case arises from a criminal conviction for burglary, robbery, and assault.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The acts underlying these charges occurred }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 in the home }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 of the victim, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Rebecca Piper}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 on or about }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 April 20, 2013.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The People initially indicted Mendiola and co-defendants Raymond Tedtaotao and Kyle Cruz on May 7, 2013.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The People charged Mendiola with (
1) Attempted Murder (As a First Degree Felony); (2) Guilt by Complicity to Commit Attempted Murder (As a First Degree Felony); (3) First Degree Robbery (As a First Degree Felony); (4) Aggravated Assault (As a Second Degree Felony); and (
5) Burglary (As a Second Degree Felony).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Mendiola asserted his right to speedy trial on May 15, 2013.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
The Superior Court set the matter for jury trial on June 26, 2013, in contemplation of the 45-day speedy trial clock for defendants in confinement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [3]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab On June 12, 2013, the People filed a
 Motion for Good Cause Continuance of Trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 In the Motion, the People
 argued that there was good cause for a six-month continuance because Piper was unavailable to testify due to necessary off-island medical treatments for her injuries.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 On June 25, 2013, the Superior Court found good cause to postpone the trial and to exclude the delay from affecting the speedy trial calculation.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The court vacated the June 26, 2014 trial date and signed the Order }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 nunc pro tunc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  to June 17, 2014.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 However, the court did not find cause for a six
- month delay as requested, and ordered the People to provide the court with additional information supporting the length of the requested delay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The court ultimately granted a shorter 120-day postponement to provide time for the victim to receive treatment and return to Guam. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [4]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab Mendiola later filed a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s 
Pretrial Motion to Dismiss for Violation of Sixth Amendment Right to a Speedy Trial and Memorandum of Points and Authorities.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 He argued in his motion that the delay due to the victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s treatment had violated his right to a speedy trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 This argument was premised on the assertion that Piper was not an essential witness since the People knew she had no memory of the events which transpired on the night she was injured.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Mendiola supported this contention by citing to a 
Naval Criminal Investigation Service (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 NCIS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ) investigation report which he stated showed that Piper was unable to recall the assault and was suffering from 
severe memory loss.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Mendiola argued that, because Piper 
was able to provide testimony only on the extent of her injuries, her appearance was cumulative and duplicative since healthcare professionals could provide such information for the People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The People opposed Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s motion, arguing that Piper was an essential witness whose testimony was neither duplicative nor superfluous. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [5]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab During the arguments on the motion, the People emphasized
 that, as a victim, Piper offered a unique perspective and understanding of the effects of her injuries and recovery that could not be duplicated by other witnesses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The People further asserted that she was entitled to testify due to her special status under Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Bill of Rights, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 8 GCA \'a7 160.50}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Mendiola countered by reiterating that Piper would be unable to recall the events of her assault and her testimony on her injuries was replaceable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Further, he argued that Piper}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s status under the Victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Bill of Rights did not supersede his constitutional speedy trial rights.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 After considering the parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  arguments, the court denied the motion from the bench later that day.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [6]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab During the prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s case-in-chief, Piper was called to testify.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Her testimony included a detailed account regarding the magnitude of her injuries and their effect on her,
 as well as the extensive rehabilitation therapy she required on Guam and off-island in order to regain her ability to speak and walk.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Further, despite significant memory issues suffered as a result of her injuries, she was able to verify her previous photo identification of Mendiola and identified him in court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [7]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab The jury returned a verdict finding Mendiola guilty of (
1) Second Degree Robbery (As a Second Degree Felony); (2) Assault (As a Misdemeanor); and (3) Burglary (As a Second Degree Felony).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Following a sentencing hearing, Mendiola was sentenced to ten years of imprisonment for each of the felony charges for which the jury found him guilty and one year of 
imprisonment for the misdemeanor assault conviction, all sentences to run consecutively.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Pursuant to the judgment of conviction, Mendiola is to serve a total of 21 years in prison.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [8]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab Mendiola timely filed a notice of appea
l challenging his conviction and seeking dismissal of all charges.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 II.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [9]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab 
This court has jurisdiction over the appeal from a final judgment in a criminal case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7 1424-1(a)(2) (Westlaw through Pub. L. 114-40 (2015)); 7 GCA \'a7 3107(b) (2005); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 see also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  8 GCA \'a7 130.15(a) (2005) (permitting defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s appeal from a final judgment of conviction).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 III.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Standard of Review}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 {\*\bkmkend SDU_516}[10]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Constitutional and statutory speedy trial claims are distinct, with different legal standards applicable to each.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Julian}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2012 Guam 26 \'b6 19 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 As the People correctly point out, a statutory right to a speedy trial is separate and distinct from a constitutional speedy trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 );}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
 see also People v. Naich}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2013 Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  7 \'b6\'b6 47-48; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Ungacta v. Superior Court (People)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2013 Guam 29 \'b6 28.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [11]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab We review a Sixth Amendment constitutional
 speedy trial claim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
, 2009 Guam 22 \'b6\~9; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 1999 Guam 8 \'b6 22.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 By contrast, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [a] trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s denial of a defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s motion to dismiss on statutory speedy trial grounds is reviewed for an abuse of discretion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6\~9 (citing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs22\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  Nicholson v. Superior Court (People)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2007 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  9 \'b6 8).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [12]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab Finally, an order }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 denying a motion to dismiss an indictment is generally reviewable for abuse of discretion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Gutierrez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2005 Guam 19 \'b6 13 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. Derr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  726 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 F.2d 617, 619 (10th Cir. 1984)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 IV.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Analysis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Motion to Dismiss on Constitutional Speedy Trial Grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [13]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab 
The Sixth Amendment of the United States Constitution guarantees that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
[i]n all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial . . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 U.S. Const. amend. VI.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The Organic Act of Guam applies this provision specifically to Guam.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7 1421b(u); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 see also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Naich}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2013 Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  7 \'b6 49.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The 
United States Supreme Court has put forth a four-part analysis for determining whether a Sixth Amendment speedy trial violation has occurred.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 This test instructs the examining court to consider the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [l]ength of the delay, the reason for the delay, the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s assertion of his right, and prejudice to the defendant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker v. Wingo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 407 U.S. 514, 530 (1972); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 see also Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 1999 Guam 8 \'b6 22.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 None of these factors standing alone is dispositive of whether a constitutional violation has occurred.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6\~42.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Rather, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
the factors must be considered together and balanced in relation to all of the relevant circumstances of the delay in bringing the defendant to trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 407 U.S. at 533).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 1.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Length of delay }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [14]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab We first consider the length of the delay in bringing Mendiola to trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The length of the delay is to some extent a triggering mechanism.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Until there is some delay which is presumptively prejudicial, there is no necessity for inquiry into the other factors that go into the balance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
, 407 U.S. at 530. In prior cases, this court has found delays of six years and four years to be prejudicial enough to warrant examination of the other }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 factors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6\'b6\~43-44;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 1999 Guam 8 \'b6 24.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 However, this court has also held that an 18-month delay did not rise to the level of a constitutional violation.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Naich}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2013 Guam 7 \'b6 57.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The delay in this case is significantly shorter, totaling just over six months.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Br. at 3-6 (Dec. 15, 2014); Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Br. at 18 (Dec. 30, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Citing United States Supreme Court precedent, this court has ruled that the length of a delay becomes }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 presumptively prejudicial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  as it approaches one year.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Stephen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2009 Guam 8 \'b6 16 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Doggett v. United States}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 505 U.S. 647, 652 n.1 (1992)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 If a case does not approach that threshold, then this factor disfavors a finding of constitutional violation.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 As correctly noted by the People, this conclusion is consistent with federal case law examining lengths of delay similar to that found in the present case.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  United States v. Jackson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 549 F.3d 963, 971 (5th Cir. 2008); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. Lozano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 413 F.3d 879, 883 (8th Cir. 2005); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Hogan v. McBride}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 74 F.3d 144, 145 (7th Cir. 1996); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. White}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 985 F.2d 271, 275 (6th Cir. 1993).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [15]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab However, despite these guidelines, the precise length 
of time necessary to trigger a constitutional violation cannot }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
be quantified into a specified number of days or months.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6\~43 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 407 U.S. at 523).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Instead, the court must examine the particular circumstances and comple
xities of the case to determine whether the length of delay gives rise to a presumption of prejudice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 407 U.S. at 530-31.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 For example, the Ninth Circuit has found that, under certain circumstances, a delay of merely six months may be }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 sufficiently prejudicial to trigger an inquiry into the other factors.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. Simmons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 536 F.2d 827, 831 (9th Cir. 1976).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 It is also possible to determine that, while a delay is not excessive to the level of itself becoming a constitutional violation, it is sufficient to warrant examination of the remaining }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  factors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See United States v. White}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 443 F.3d 582, 590 (7th Cir. 2006).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Thus, despite the length of delay weighing in favor of the People, it is not so insignificant as to foreclose inquiry into the other constitutional factors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Reason for delay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [16]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab We next consider the reason for the delay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Closely related to length of delay is the reason the government assigns to justify the delay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 407 U.S. at 531.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 As with the length of delay, the reasons for an allegedly unconstitutional postponement must be assessed by the 
particular facts of each case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 1999 Guam 8 \'b6 25 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. Marion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 404 U.S. 307, 325 (1971)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 As this court articulated in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  identifies three types of reasons for delay: (1) deliberate delay, (2) negligent delay, and (3) justified delay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Different weights are assigned different reasons for delay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Deliberate delay which includes an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 attempt to delay the trial in order to hamper the defense}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
to gain some tactical advantage over (defendants) or to harass them}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
 is weighted heavily against the government.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Negligent delay is weighted less heavily against the government than is deliberate delay }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 but nevertheless should be considered . . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Justified delay . . . is not weighted against the government.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 45 (citations omitted); }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 see also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Naich}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2013 Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  7 \'b6 51. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [17]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab Mendiola contends that the People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s attempt to secure a six-month delay was deliberately sought without legitimate reason.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Br. at 10-11.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
The basis of Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
s argument is that, due to the memory loss suffered as a result of her injury, the victim could not have provided testimony sufficient to make her an essential witness in the People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  at 9-11.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 He further asserts that the People had knowledge that her testimony would not be essential based on the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 NCIS investigation report stating that Piper was unable to recall the attack on her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  at 9-11; }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 see also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Record on Appeal (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 RA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ), tab 59 at 2 (Mot. Dismiss, Mem. P. & A.)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  (citing People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Discovery at 1081 (NCIS Report, May 21, 2013)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 However, as the People properly point out, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 essential witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  inquiry is not a Sixth Amendment requirement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Rather, it is imposed statutorily at the federal level by the Speedy Trial Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 18 U.S.C.A. \'a7 3161(h)(3) (2008).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5770243 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\super\insrsid5770243 \chftn 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5770243  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 In evaluating federal speedy trial claims, multiple federal circuits hav
e defined an essential witness as one who is unquestionably important and whose testimony would not be merely cumulative or substantially irrelevant.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 See United States}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135  v. Ortiz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid5077331 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 687 F.3d 660, 663-64 (5th Cir. 2012);}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135  United States v. Hamilton}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid5077331 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 46 F.3d 271,
 277 (3d Cir. 1995);}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135  United States v. McNeil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 , 911 F.2d 768, 773 (D.C. Cir. 1990); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 United States v. Eagle Hawk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 , 815 F.2d 1213, 1218 (8th Cir. 1987). }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 This court has held, consistent with federal case law, that a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
 statutory right to a speedy trial is separate and distinct from a constitutional speedy trial right.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Julian}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2012 Guam 26 \'b6 19; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 see}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Naich}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2013 Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  7 \'b6 48; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. Porchay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 651 F.3d 930, 940 (8th Cir. 2011) (Sixth Amendment violation is separate from violation of Speedy Trial Act).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Thus, because Mendiola does not explain how the delay was intended to harass him or hamper his defense, the extent to which the People considered Piper}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
s testimony essential is not relevant to whether the reason for delay is permissible under the Sixth Amendment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [18]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab 
When evaluating a constitutional claim, both the U.S. Supreme Court and this court have specifically held that a missing witness is a valid reason for appropriate delay, so long as the People act in good faith to secure the witness 
and promptly bring a defendant to trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  407 U.S. at 531; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6\~45; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 1999 Guam 8 \'b6 25.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Further, many courts addressing similar issues have explicitly found that medical rehabilitation to secure the testimony of a vic
tim or other witness is a legitimate justification to postpone trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See, e.g.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  United States v. Koller}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 956 F.2d 1408, 1415 (7th Cir. 1992) (unavailability of government witness who suffered heart attack justified delay); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. Brewer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 515 F. Supp. 644, 646 (E.D. Ark. 1981)
 (continuance appropriate to allow }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 potentially important witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  to recover from injury).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Here, it is clear that the subject matter of Piper}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s testimony was both relevant and beneficial to the People}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  United States v. Rodriguez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
, 581 F.3d 775, 808 (8th Cir. 2009) (victim testimony of injury in sexual assault case); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 State v. Telles}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 973 P.2d 845, 849 (N.M. Ct. App. 1999) (testimony regarding victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s injuries was relevant to demonstrate bodily harm).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Additionally, the People are not obligated to find an alternate means of evidence to replace relevant testimony of an unavailable witness so long as they show due diligence in trying to obtain the witness for trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See United States v. Bourne}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 743 F.2d 1026, 1030 (4th Cir. 1984).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Given that the People could appropriately call Piper as a witness and made a good faith effort to do so, the victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s medical unavailability is a constitutionally sufficient reason for delay. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 3.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Assertion of right to speedy trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [19]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab We next consider Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s assertion of his right to a speedy trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 In order to successfully argue that a Sixth Amendment violation has occurred, a defendant bears the responsibility to proactively assert a speedy trial claim.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 1999
 Guam 8 \'b6 29 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 407 U.S. at 529).}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
[F]ailure to assert the right will make it difficult for a defendant to prove that he was denied a speedy trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 407 U.S. at 532.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Further, assertion of the right is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 
"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 entitled to strong evidentiary weight,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  though such assertion must be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 viewed in light of defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s other conduct.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6\~47 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
United States v. Loud Hawk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 474 U.S. 302, 314 (1986)). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [20]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab In this instance, both parties agree that 
Mendiola promptly and diligently asserted his right to a speedy trial as soon as he was able to do so.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Br. at 11-12; Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Br. at 26.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
This contention is also supported by the record, which shows that Mendiola asserted his right to a speedy trial on May 15, 2013.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 RA, tab 10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\delrsid16476273\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 (Assertion or Waiver of Speedy Trial, May 16, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 It is therefore undisputed that this particular factor should weigh in Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 favor. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 4.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Prejudice resulting from delay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [21]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab The fourth and final }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  factor is prejudice to the defendant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 When assessing prejudice, a court must consider three separate interests that the speedy trial right was meant to secure: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 (1) preventing oppressive pretrial incarceration, (2) minimizing anxiety and concern of the d
efendant, and (3) limiting the possibility that the defense will be impaired.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 49 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  407 U.S. at 532).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Of these three factors, impairment of the defense is most significant due to the skewing of fairness in the
 judicial system.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Prejudice which impairs the defense may include the death or disappearance of a witness due to delay or the inability of a defense witness to recall events from the distant past.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  407 U.S. at 532. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [22]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
s period of incarceration was just over six months.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
While not minimizing the impact of such detention, this court has recognized that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
[o]ppression, anxiety, and concern of a defendant incarcerated while awaiting trial are certainly present to some degree in every case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 50 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Morris v. Wyrick}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  516 F.2d 1387, 1391 (8th Cir. 1975)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Consequently, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
evidence of a lengthy pre-trial incarceration, standing alone, is insufficient to establish that a defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s right to a speedy trial has been violated . . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [The defendant must] show how the delay was unduly burdensome or oppressive to him.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  (citation and internal quotation marks omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Mendiola has offered no explanation as to how his delay resulted in uniquely oppressiv
e incarceration conditions or anxiety beyond that faced by anyone accused of a serious crime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Thus, we must turn to the third factor to determine if prejudice exists. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [23]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab 
In this case, Mendiola does not articulate any specific prejudice resulting from delay of his trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Instead he relies solely on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 presumption of prejudice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  resulting from a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
long, unexplained pretrial delay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
s Br. at 12-13 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Naich}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2013 Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  7).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 However, as explained above
, the length of delay necessary to trigger presumptive prejudice must approach one year.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Stephen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2009 Guam 8 \'b6 16 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Doggett}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 505 U.S. at 652 n.1).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Further, Mendiola explicitly concedes that, unless all of the other three }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  factors weigh in his favor, actual prejudice must be shown to warrant dismissal.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Reply Br. at 1-2 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 52).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
As the delay in this case was significantly shorter than one year, and because both the first and second factors weigh in favor of the People, Mendiola was required to make a showing of actual prejudice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The fact that he did not provide any tangible evidence of prejudice suffered from the delay 
weighs heavily against dismissal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [24]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab As three of the four }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Barker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  factors (length of the delay, reason for delay, and prejudice suffered as a result) weigh against finding a constitutional speedy trial violation, we conclude that no such violation occurred.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Additionally, because the delay in this case did not violate the Sixth Amendment, there is no tension between Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s speedy trial rights and the victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s right to testify under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 8 GCA \'a7 160.50 (the Victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Bill of Rights).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Accordingly, the court declines to address the constitutionality of that statute.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
I.N.S. v. St. Cyr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 533 U.S. 289, 299-300 (2001) (where fairly possible, courts must interpret statute to avoid constitutional problems); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Kosmyna v. Botsford Cmty. Hosp.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 607 N.W.2d 134, 138 (Mich. Ct. App. 1999) (}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 This [c]ourt may decline }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 to address issues not necessary to the resolution of the case at hand.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  (citation omitted)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 B.\tab  Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Motion to Dismiss on Statutory Speedy Trial Grounds }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [25]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab In addition to the constitutional speedy trial requirements under the Sixth Amendment, the Guam Legislature has enacted statutory guarantees of a defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s right to a speedy trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 8 GCA \'a7 80.60 (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Mendiola argues that by failing, without good cause, to bring him to trial within 45 days of arraignment, the 
People violated these legislative protections.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Br. at 13-14.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 However, the People allege that Mendiola waived the right to present this argument on appeal by failing to properly raise it in his original motion to dismiss.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Br. at 12-16, 27.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Therefore, this court must first address whether Mendiola preserved his right to argue a violation of his statutory speedy trial rights on appeal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 1.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Waiver}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs22\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [26]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
As a general rule, this court will not evaluate an argument which was not presented for consideration to the trial court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs22\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See Univ. of Guam v. Guam Civil Serv. Comm}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs22\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 n (Foley)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  2002 Guam 4 \'b6 20 (declining to address argument raised by appellant for first time on appeal); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs22\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 B.M. Co. v. Avery}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  2001 Guam 27 \'b6 33; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Guam Bar Ethics Comm. v. Maquera}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  2001 Guam 20 \'b6 39.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Further, raising a constitutional speedy trial violation will not be treated the same as asserting a statutory right.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Naich}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2013 Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  7 \'b6 48.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Rather, a party seeking review must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 clearly raise[] the statutory issue.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Therefore, the pertinent inquiry is whether Mendiola challenged the delay of his trial under statutory speedy trial grounds. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [27]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s pretrial motion to dismiss is somewhat ambiguous on this point.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
RA, tab 59, at 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\delrsid16476273\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 (Mot. Dismiss, Mem. P. & A.
, Nov. 8, 2003).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
In its very title, Mendiola identifies the basis of his motion to dismiss as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
violation of sixth amendment right to speedy trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Further, the opening of his motion reads }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 COMES NOW Defendant Anthony P. Mendiola, through and by undersigned attorney,
 to file this his motion to dismiss the indictment against Anthony Mendiola for violating his Sixth Amendment Right to a Speedy Trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 These facts 
initially suggest that the sole basis of his motion was a violation of his constitutional speedy trial rights.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 However, his motion also states that he is seeking dismissal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 pursuant to \'a7 1.11 of 8 GCA; any other relevant sections; The Organic Act of Guam; and the Fifth and Six Amendments of the United States Constitution.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 As the central statutory instruction for a speedy trial motion, 8 GCA \'a7 80.60 would thus be a relevant provision in that context.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Further, the statutory basis of Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s claim was thoroughly discussed in the hearing on his motion to dismiss.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  (citing }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 RA, tab 65 (Mot. Hearing, Nov. 14, 2013 at 10:34:00-11:00:00)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Notwithstanding its title, the substance of and argument on Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s motion have sufficiently preserved his right to reach the merits of a statutory speedy trial claim. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Good cause for delay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [28]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab Under Guam law, a defendant must be brought to trial within 45 days of his arraignment if in custody or within 60 days if not in custody.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 8 GCA \'a7 80.60(a)(2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Failure to comply with these proscribed time periods is grounds for dismissal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 However, a case will not be dismissed if good cause is shown for failure to commence trial within the stated time limits.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 8 GCA \'a7 80.60(b)(3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [29]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Here again, Mendiola argues the issue under an essential witness analysis.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 He asserts that any good cause for delay was extinguished because the victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s memory loss regarding her attack meant she was not an essential witness.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
s Br. at 14.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 As discussed above, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 the requirement that delay be excused only for an essential witness is found within the federal Speedy Trial Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 18 U.S.C.A. \'a7 3161(h)(3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 However, by its very terms, this statute is applicable only to cases in which trial is commenced in federal court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 18 U.S.C.A. \'a7 3001; Fed. R. Crim. P. 1(a)(1), (3)(A).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 By contrast, Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s applicable speedy trial statute imposes no such restriction on the definition of good cause for delay.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 8 GCA \'a7 80.60(b)(3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Indeed, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [w]hat constitutes good cause for the delay of a criminal trial is a matter that lies within the discretion of the trial court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
, 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 32 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Johnson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  606 P.2d 738, 746 (Cal. 1980)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 This discretion is abused only when an allowance of delay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 exceeds the bounds of reason, all of the circumstances before it being considered.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Palomo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , No. DCA 91-00061A, 1993 WL 129624, at *8 (D. Guam App. Div. Apr. 8, 1993), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 aff}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 d sub nom.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 35 F.3d 368 (9th Cir. 1994), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 as amended}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  (July 19, 1994) (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Cavanaugh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 70 Cal. Rptr. 444 P.2d 110, 116 (Cal. 1968)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [30]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab As a basic principle, delay arising from }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 unforeseen circumstances, such as . . . illness or unavailability of . . . 
witnesses constitutes good cause to avoid dismissal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 32}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
This sentiment is echoed by California appellate case law interpreting a similar good cause requirement found in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 California Penal Code section 1382}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  Johnson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  606 P.2d at 746; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Salcido}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 69 Cal. Rptr. 193 (Ct. App. 1968) (unavailability of witnesses); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Bracamonte}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 61 Cal. Rptr. 830, 832 (Ct. App. 1967) (illness of witness).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 This delay is especially justified where, as here, the unavailable witness is the victim of the crime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Due to the medical unavailability of this victim witness, we hold that the trial court did not err in deciding that 
good cause existed and the delay in trial was consistent with the requirements of 8 GCA \'a7 80.60.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [31]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab Further, 
while this court declines to extend the essential witness test as a necessary element for delay under Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s statute, the pertinent facts of this case would have satisfied even the more stringent federal requirement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 The determination of whether a witness is essential is a factual inquiry.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. Allen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 235 F.3d 482, 491 (10th Cir. 2000).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Therefore, resolution of this question is best 
left to the sound discretion of the trial judge, in deference to the judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s 
superior familiarity with the anticipated testimony and its importance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Bourne}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 743 F.2d at 1031 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. Black}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  684 F.2d 481 (7th Cir. 1982)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 An appellate court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 will not, based upon hindsight . . . second-guess the [trial] court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s determination, as long as it was reasonable . . . at the time [of] the decision . . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. McNeil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
, 911 F.2d 768, 773 (D.C. Cir. 1990)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Indeed, the People need not even conclusively decide whether they intend to use the witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s testimony, so long as they have a good faith belief that they will.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Eagle Hawk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 815 F.2d at 1218.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Further, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [a] witness may be deemed essential . . . even though the government could obtain a conviction without his [or her] testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. Miles}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 290 F.3d 1341, 1350 (11th Cir. 2002); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 see also United States v. Hamilton}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 46 F.3d 271, 277 (3d Cir. 1995); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. Tedesco}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  726 F.2d 1216, 1222 (7th Cir. 1984).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [32]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab 
Under this standard, it is admittedly possible for a victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s testimony 
to fall short of the essential witness requirement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  McNeil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 911 F.2d at 774 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
[T]he Government must show . . . why that witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
s testimony would be not only useful, but essential.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Merely stating that the witness is the victim of the crime does not satisfy this requirement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
However, the court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 McNeil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  found the victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s testimony }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 remarkable for its unimportance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
The witness testified only to the name of the cross-streets where he purchased drugs and the fact that he was shot in the back.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
By contrast, Piper was able to provide detailed testimony regarding the magnitude of her injuries and extensive rehabilitation process in which she re-learned to walk and speak.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Transcripts (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Tr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ), vol. 1 at 35-41, 53-61 (Jury Trial, Nov. 18, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 In doing so, she supplied a unique and comprehensive personal perspective of the extent of bodily harm caused from the attack, as well as the exhaustive therapy she required on Guam and off-
island.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Further, the victim in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 McNeil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
 did not provide any testimony identifying the defendants or in any way connect them to the crimes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 911 F.2d at 774.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
On the other hand, contrary to Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s assertion that Piper}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s memory would not a
llow her to provide information of the night in question, she was able to verify her previous photo identification of Mendiola and provided testimony placing him at her home the night of the attack.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Tr., vol. 1 at 48-53 (Jury Trial).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Specifically, she was shown the photo lineup in which she had circled Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s picture.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  at 48.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 When asked why she had circled the photo, she replied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 or because he is one of the people that broke into the house.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Asked again whether she had recognized him as a person who broke into the house, Piper replied, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Yeah.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Yeah.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
Further, when asked to identify the person present in the courtroom that she remembered being in the house on the night of the attack, she pointed out Mendiola.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  at 51.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
When asked again whether the person she identified in the courtroom was one she remembered from the attack, she stated: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [h]e sure looks familiar, so I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 d say -- I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
d say yes, almost -- yes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  at 53.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Thus, Piper}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s testimony is far more important than that provided by the victim in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 McNeil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [33]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab As Mendiola points out, the victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
s testimony indicates that her identification was somewhat vague and uncertain and her memory loss did make identification difficult.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Tr., vol. 1 at 48-53, 65-70 (Jury Trial).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 However, a witness may be found essential so long as the nature of the testimony is unquestionably important, even if their }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 recollection [is] sketchy and not particularly trustworthy . . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Eagle Hawk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
, 815 F.2d at 1218.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 This is because determinations 
of witness credibility and reliability are factual issues left entirely to the jury.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Davis v. Alaska}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 415 U.S. 308, 317 (1974); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. Hodge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 594 F.3d 614, 618 (8th Cir. 2010); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 United States v. Lopez-Hernandez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 418 F.2d 1243, 1244 (9th Cir. 1969).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Because her identification of Mendiola,
 as well as her testimony regarding the extent of her injuries and recovery process, was unquestionably important and substantially relevant, Piper was an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
essential witness whose unavailability justified delay of the trial. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 3.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Prejudice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5710950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [34]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab With respect to the statutory speedy trial right, the parties also disagreed over whether actual prejudice must be shown.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Mendiola claims that, because his attempts to dismiss the case occ
urred pretrial, he is not required to show prejudice in order to obtain dismissal of his conviction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
s Br at 14.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 In support of this contention, Mendiola cites our decision in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Nicholson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  2007 Guam 9 \'b6 24.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Br at 14
.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 By contrast, the People claim that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Nicholson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  standard applies only to appeals on a petition for a writ taken before trial occurs.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Appellee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s Br at 13-15 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 (c
iting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Wilson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 383 P.2d 452 (Cal. 1963)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Because Mendiola has already been convicted by a jury, the People contend
 that Mendiola must show that any error below was prejudicial in order to obtain relief.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  at 15-16 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Rasauo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2011 Guam 1 \'b6\'b6 55-58 (hereinafter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Rasauo II}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 )). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [35]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab 
The District Court of Guam, in a case where the substance of prejudice was not reached, nonetheless opined in a footnote that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [i]f a defendant makes a motion to dismiss the case on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 speedy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  grounds prior to trial, he [or she] need only show unjustified delay in bringing the case [whereas if] the issue is rai
sed post-trial, the defendant must also show prejudice resulting from the delay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Munoz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , No. CR-94-00100A, 1995 WL 604346, at *4 n.1 (D. Guam App. Div. Sept. 28, 1995).
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Similarly, though
 not analyzing this issue in depth, this court has previously held that a defendant did not need to show the existence of prejudice even in a post-conviction appeal, so long as he had sought dismissal pretrial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 People v. Rasauo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
, 2011 Guam 14 \'b6 15 (hereinafter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Rasauo II}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 However, both of these cases are based on the rationale of the California Supreme Court case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
People v. Wilson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 383 P.2d 452 (Cal. 1963).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5770243 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\super\insrsid5770243 \chftn 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5770243  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 The District Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 Munoz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135  cites directly to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 Wilson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135  case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 See Munoz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 
, No. CR-94-00100A, 1995 WL 604346, at *4 n.1.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 Rasauo II}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243 bases}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135  its conclusion upon this court\rquote s earlier decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 Nicolson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 , which in turn cites the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 Wilson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243 d
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 ecision in support of its holding. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 See Rasauo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243  II}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 , 2011 Guam 14 \'b6 15; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 Nicholson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5770243\charrsid31135  2007 Guam 9 \'b6 24.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Wilson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 explained that, even if a pretrial motion is brought by the defendant, an appeal occurring after conviction must include a showing of prejudice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 383 P.2d at 460.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Indeed, the holding in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Rasauo II}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950  is consistent with this rule, since, unlike Mendiola, the defendant in that case had sought interlocutory appeal prior to his trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 2011 Guam 14 \'b6 15.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [36]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab Nonetheless, definitively 
resolving whether or not a defendant is required to show prejudice is not necessary in this case, since good cause existed to delay the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Thus, we decline to rule on the issue of whether a showing of prejudice is required on direct appeal where trial is delayed without good cause.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 See SST Global Tech., LLC v. Chapman}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 270 F. Supp. 2d 444, 457 (S.D.N.Y. 2003) (declining to address an argument because it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 is not necessary to resolution of the . . . claim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 In re Byker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 , 64 B.R. 640, 642 (Bankr. N.D. Iowa 1986) (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Since the resolution of that issue is not necessary to the decision in this case, this [c]ourt declines to make any pronouncement on that issue . . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 ).
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 V.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Conclusion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [37]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab In light of the facts and arguments presented, we 
hold that the Superior Court did not err in denying Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
s motion to dismiss on constitutional speedy trial grounds.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 Additionally, we find
 that Mendiola is not entitled to relief based on statutory speedy trial grounds.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950\charrsid5710950 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 [38]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 \tab Accordingly, we }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 AFFIRM }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 the Judgment containing Mendiola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710950 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 s criminal convictions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770243\charrsid5710950 
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