{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}{\f37\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri{\*\falt Calibri};}
{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri{\*\falt Calibri};}{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f42\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f43\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f45\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f46\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f47\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f48\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f49\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f50\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f382\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}{\f383\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}
{\f385\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f386\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f389\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}{\f390\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}
{\f412\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE{\*\falt Calibri};}{\f413\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr{\*\falt Calibri};}{\f415\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek{\*\falt Calibri};}
{\f416\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur{\*\falt Calibri};}{\f419\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic{\*\falt Calibri};}{\f420\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese){\*\falt Calibri};}
{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE{\*\falt Calibri};}
{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr{\*\falt Calibri};}{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek{\*\falt Calibri};}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur{\*\falt Calibri};}
{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic{\*\falt Calibri};}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese){\*\falt Calibri};}
{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;
\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;
\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\*\defchp }{\*\defpap \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 }\noqfpromote {\stylesheet{
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 \snext0 \sqformat \spriority0 \styrsid7499096 Normal;}{
\s2\ql \li135\ri135\sb30\sa30\keepn\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin135\lin135\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\ul\cf1\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink15 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid7499096 heading 2;}{\s3\ql \fi720\li0\ri135\sb30\sa30\keepn\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx0\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl2\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin135\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\cf1\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 
\sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink16 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid7499096 heading 3;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden \sunhideused \spriority1 Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext11 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \sqformat Normal Table;}{\*\cs15 
\additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\cf1\lang0\langfe1025\langnp0\langfenp1025 \sbasedon10 \slink2 \slocked \spriority9 \styrsid7499096 Heading 2 Char;}{\*\cs16 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\ul\cf1\lang0\langfe1025\langnp0\langfenp1025 \sbasedon10 \slink3 \slocked \spriority9 \styrsid7499096 Heading 3 Char;}{\*\cs17 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super \sbasedon10 \styrsid7499096 footnote reference;}{
\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 \sbasedon0 \snext18 \slink19 \styrsid7499096 
footnote text;}{\*\cs19 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang0\langfe1025\langnp0\langfenp1025 \sbasedon10 \slink18 \slocked \styrsid7499096 Footnote Text Char;}{\s20\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext20 \sqformat \spriority34 \styrsid7499096 List Paragraph;}{\*\cs21 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i \sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority20 \styrsid7499096 Emphasis;}{\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 \sbasedon0 \snext22 \slink23 \sunhideused \styrsid7499096 
header;}{\*\cs23 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang0\langfe1025\langnp0\langfenp1025 \sbasedon10 \slink22 \slocked \styrsid7499096 Header Char;}{\s24\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 \sbasedon0 \snext24 \slink25 \sunhideused \styrsid7499096 
footer;}{\*\cs25 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang0\langfe1025\langnp0\langfenp1025 \sbasedon10 \slink24 \slocked \styrsid7499096 Footer Char;}{
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext26 \sqformat \spriority1 \styrsid7499096 No Spacing;}}
{\*\listtable{\list\listtemplateid1{\listlevel\levelnfc255\levelnfcn255\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow2\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-432\li432
\jclisttab\tx0\lin432 }{\listlevel\levelnfc255\levelnfcn255\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow2\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \s2\fi-576\li576\jclisttab\tx0\lin576 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc255\levelnfcn255\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow2\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \s3\fi-720\li720\jclisttab\tx0\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc255
\levelnfcn255\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow2\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-864\li864\jclisttab\tx0\lin864 }{\listlevel\levelnfc255\levelnfcn255\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow2\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-1008\li1008\jclisttab\tx0\lin1008 }{\listlevel\levelnfc255\levelnfcn255\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow2\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-1152\li1152\jclisttab\tx0\lin1152 }{\listlevel\levelnfc255\levelnfcn255\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow2\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-1296\li1296\jclisttab\tx0\lin1296 }{\listlevel\levelnfc255\levelnfcn255\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow2\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers
;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-1440\li1440\jclisttab\tx0\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc255\levelnfcn255\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow2\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hres0\chhres0 \fi-1584\li1584\jclisttab\tx0\lin1584 }{\listname ;}\listid1}}{\*\listoverridetable{\listoverride\listid1\listoverridecount0\ls1}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid811014\rsid862776\rsid1133422\rsid1598413\rsid1972231\rsid2165127\rsid2193419\rsid2309175
\rsid2371452\rsid2504626\rsid2506087\rsid3015702\rsid3093999\rsid3176464\rsid3422679\rsid3422714\rsid3810279\rsid3822112\rsid3831056\rsid3954007\rsid4160285\rsid4289597\rsid4329331\rsid4331392\rsid4744076\rsid4815830\rsid4855016\rsid4931203\rsid5008427
\rsid5052173\rsid5062183\rsid5123780\rsid5579673\rsid5592493\rsid5643559\rsid6060947\rsid6160848\rsid6514138\rsid6782860\rsid6953338\rsid7366506\rsid7483118\rsid7499096\rsid7751071\rsid7958375\rsid8016262\rsid8083724\rsid8270074\rsid8524331\rsid8598875
\rsid8790013\rsid8866877\rsid9050233\rsid9059670\rsid9189166\rsid9452663\rsid9455426\rsid9776131\rsid10700141\rsid10712439\rsid10749241\rsid11014019\rsid11292607\rsid11355540\rsid11404427\rsid11880640\rsid11928628\rsid12063525\rsid12081942\rsid12211158
\rsid12921552\rsid12922411\rsid12931985\rsid12983114\rsid13198352\rsid14055906\rsid14105686\rsid14108652\rsid14496123\rsid14510136\rsid14695321\rsid14967201\rsid15032169\rsid15159555\rsid15297671\rsid15337316\rsid15405516\rsid15541791\rsid15560408
\rsid15864576\rsid15945946\rsid16527131\rsid16592213\rsid16597937\rsid16671932}{\mmathPr\mmathFont34\mbrkBin0\mbrkBinSub0\msmallFrac0\mdispDef1\mlMargin0\mrMargin0\mdefJc1\mwrapIndent1440\mintLim0\mnaryLim1}{\info
{\title \'93this is a quote, has said, of me saying \'91this is a quote\'92\'94}{\author ruddley_e}{\operator raikatalau_l}{\creatim\yr2015\mo11\dy20\hr10\min31}{\revtim\yr2015\mo11\dy20\hr10\min31}{\version2}{\edmins0}{\nofpages11}{\nofwords4833}
{\nofchars24412}{\nofcharsws29187}{\vern32775}}{\*\xmlnstbl {\xmlns1 http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/wordml}}\paperw12240\paperh15840\margl1440\margr1440\margt1440\margb1008\gutter0\ltrsect 
\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\trackmoves1\trackformatting1\donotembedsysfont0\relyonvml0\donotembedlingdata0\grfdocevents0\validatexml1\showplaceholdtext0\ignoremixedcontent0\saveinvalidxml0\showxmlerrors1\noxlattoyen
\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1440\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1\dgvshow1
\jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct
\asianbrkrule\rsidroot7499096\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit\usenormstyforlist\noindnmbrts\felnbrelev\nocxsptable\indrlsweleven\noafcnsttbl\afelev\utinl\hwelev\spltpgpar\notcvasp\notbrkcnstfrctbl\notvatxbx\krnprsnet\cachedcolbal \nouicompat \fet0
{\*\wgrffmtfilter 013f}\nofeaturethrottle1\ilfomacatclnup0{\*\ftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\psz1\linex0\headery1440\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid9059670\sftnbj {\headerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brsp80 
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9050233 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs20\insrsid9050233\charrsid9059670 People v. Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid9050233\charrsid9059670 , 2015 Guam }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid12922411 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid9050233\charrsid9059670 , Opinion\tab \tab Page }{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid9050233\charrsid9059670  PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2165127 2}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid9050233\charrsid9059670  of }{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid9050233\charrsid9059670  NUMPAGES  }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2165127 11}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid9059670\charrsid9059670 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid9050233\charrsid9059670 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid5579673\charrsid9059670 
\par }}{\footerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4289597 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1133422 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10700141 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid7499096\charrsid10700141 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM
\par 
\par PEOPLE OF GUAM,
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid10700141 Plaintiff-Appellee,
\par 
\par v.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7499096\charrsid10700141 ANTHONY L.G. CAMPOS, JR.,
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid10700141 Defendant-Appellant.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7499096\charrsid10700141 OPINION
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid10700141 Filed: April 13, 2015
\par Cite as: 2015 Guam 11
\par 
\par Supreme Court Case No.: CRA14-005
\par Superior Court Case No.: CF0553-13
\par 
\par Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam
\par Argued and submitted on October 13, 2014
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph120\trleft0\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl120\trpaddr120\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid3954007\tblind120\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4860\clshdrawnil \cellx4860\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx9360\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\ul\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Appearing for Defendant-Appellant:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par Joaquin C. Arriola, Jr., }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Esq}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 .
\par Zachary C. Taimanglo, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Esq}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 .
\par Arriola, Cowan & Arriola
\par 259 Martyr St., Ste. 201
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96910
\par \cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\ul\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Appearing for Plaintiff-Appellee:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par Brian D. Gallagher, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Esq.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par Assistant Attorney General
\par Office of the Attorney General
\par Prosecution Division
\par 590 S. Marine Corps Dr., Ste. 706
\par Tamuning, GU 96913\cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph120\trleft0\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl120\trpaddr120\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid3954007\tblind120\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4860\clshdrawnil \cellx4860\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx9360\row }\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 BEFORE: 
ROBERT J. TORRES, Chief Justice; F. PHILIP CARBULLIDO, Associate Justice; KATHERINE A. MARAMAN, Associate Justice.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 TORRES, C.J.:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid10700141\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [1]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab Defendant-Appellant Anthony L.G. Campos (}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 ) appeals from a judgment of conviction following a jury trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
Campos initially was charged with one count of Second Degree Robbery, with a special allegation of Possession and Use of a Deadly Weapon in the Commission of a Felony, for a robbery taking place at Route 8 Mini-Mart in Barrigada.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 On the same day, in a sepa
rate indictment, Campos was charged with three additional counts of Second Degree Robbery, each with a special allegation of Possession and Use of a Deadly Weapon in the Commission of a Felony, for a robbery taking place outside Payless Sinajana.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The day b
efore the trials in the two separate cases were to commence, the People filed a superseding indictment consolidating the two cases into a single indictment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 At the conclusion of trial, the jury convicted Campos of all four counts of Second Degree Robbery and the special allegations associated with them.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [2]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
On appeal Campos argues that (1) he was prejudiced by the consolidation of the cases on the eve of trial, (2) the trial court should have granted a mistrial because the People did not provide all discov
ery, (3) the trial court erred in not suppressing evidence of a photographic lineup used by the police, and (4) the trial court erred in not instructing the jury on a charge of Third Degree Robbery as a lesser included offense. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [3]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab For the reasons herein
, we affirm.
\par //
\par //
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 I.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
\par [4]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab On October 1, 2013, three men robbed three employees of Payless Supermarket in Sinajana as they were closing the store for the night.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 At least one of the men was armed with a pistol and fired shot
s into the air before robbing the employees of their personal effects.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
Although the robbers covered their faces during the crime, the victims were able to see the armed man}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s face.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [5]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
The next day, one man robbed the Route 8 Mini-Mart in Barrigada at gunpoint, stealing cash from the store}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s cash register.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
The man wore a mask during the crime, but it fell down at times, allowing the cashier to see his face.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The crime was also caught on the store}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s security cameras.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [6]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
The police investigating the robberies used photographic lineups to determine the identity of the perpetrators.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The victims of the Payless robbery were able to identify the armed man as Anthony Campos, Jr. using a photographic lineup.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The cashier working during the Mini-Mart robbery identified the robber as Campos, as well.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [7]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab The police later executed a search warrant at Campos}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s residence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 No evidence of either crime was recovered.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 On the same day, Campos was arrested.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 T
he grand jury charged Campos with three counts of second degree robbery, each with a special allegation of possession and use of a deadly weapon in the commission of a felony, for the Payless robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 In a separate indictment issued on the same day, Campos
 was charged with an additional count of second degree robbery with a special allegation of possession and use of a deadly weapon in the commission of a felony for the Mini-Mart robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [8]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
The day before the trials in both cases were to commence, the People resubmitted the matter to the grand jury, seeking to consolidate the two cases.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Campos was charged with all previous counts related to both crimes in a single superseding indictment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 He was then arraigned on the superseding indictment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Although Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s counsel had previously indicated that he had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 no objection . . . whatsoever}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  to the filing of the superseding indictment, Transcripts (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Tr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
) at 4 (Pretrial Conf., Dec. 2, 2013), he raised an objection during arraignment proceedings on the ground that the consolidation of the two cases was prejudicial to his client.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The objection was overruled. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [9]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
Following the commencement of trial, the People called the cashier who was working at the Mini-Mart at the time of the robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 She testified that when identifying Campos she was shown two different photographic lineups by the police.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 She did not testify that Campos appeared in both lineups.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The People also called the victims of the Payless robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 One of the victims testified that the police showed her three different photographic lineups.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 She did not testify that Campos appeared in more than one lineup.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Another victim testified that the police showed her a single black and white photograph before showing her a photographic lineup.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 She did not testify that the photograph was of Campos.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [10]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
Following the victim testimony, Campos moved for a mistrial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
s counsel explained that the People had disclosed only a single photographic lineup and that the defense was unaware of any additional lineups or photographs used by the police until they were mentioned during the witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 He argued that without disclosure of the additional identification materials shown to the witnesses, the defense could not know if they contained exculpatory evidence.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Befo
re ruling on the motion, the court asked the prosecution to confer with the detectives who had investigated the crimes and determine if additional material had been used and whether it could be produced.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 After doing so, the prosecutor reported to the court
 that the investigating detectives continued to maintain that only a single lineup had been used and that no additional identification material was in evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The court then denied the motion for a mistrial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [11]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab Immediately thereafter, Campos moved to
 suppress the one photographic lineup that was in evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
He argued that the People had failed to disclose all the material related to the lineup and that exculpatory evidence may have been withheld.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The court denied the motion to suppress as well.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [12]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
Following the conclusion of testimony, the People submitted amended proposed jury instructions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Defense counsel reviewed the instructions and stated that he had no objections.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Campos did not request that instructions be given on lesser-included offenses, and the court instructed the jury only on the elements of second degree robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [13]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
Subsequently, the jury found Campos guilty of all charges.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
Campos was sentenced to a total sentence of forty-six years of incarceration followed by three years of parole.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 This appeal followed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 II.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 JURISDICTION
\par [14]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab This court has jurisdiction over this appeal pursuant to 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7 1424-1(a)(2) (Westlaw through Pub. L. 113-296 (2014)), and 7 GCA \'a7\'a7
 3107 and 3108(a) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 III.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 STANDARD OF REVIEW
\par [15]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab A court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s decision to allow the filing of a superseding indictment is reviewed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 See United States v. Eshkol}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 108 F.3d 1025, 1027 (9th Cir. 1997) (reviewing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  whether superseding indictment violated defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s due process).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [16]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab This court reviews the trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s denial of a motion for a new trial based on purported discovery violations for abuse of discretion.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 59 (citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 United States v. Brandao}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 539 F.3d 44, 64 (1st Cir. 2008)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
s legal conclusions regarding alleged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
 violations are reviewed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 See People v. Fisher, 2001 Guam 2 \'b6 12.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The findings of fact relied upon by the trial judge in drawing legal conclusions as to whether a }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  violation occurred are reviewed for clear error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 See People v. Camacho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2004 Guam 6 \'b6 13 (findings of fact relied on by trial judge in drawing legal conclusion as to alleged Fourth Amendment violation reviewed for clear error).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 This court reviews a trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s decision on a defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s motion to suppress evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Tuncap
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2014 Guam 1 \'b6 12.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [17]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
If no objections to jury instructions are made at the time of trial, the standard of review is plain error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Perry}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2009 Guam 4 \'b6 9.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Plain error is highly prejudicial error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Quitugua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2009 Guam 10 \'b6 11.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Thus, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
[w]e will not reverse unless (1) there was an error; (2) the error is clear or obvious under current law; (3) the error affected substantial rights; and (4) reversal is necessary to prevent a miscarriage of justice or to mai
ntain the integrity of the judicial process.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 IV.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 ANALYSIS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The Superseding Indictment
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [18]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab Campos first claims that 
the court erred in allowing the People to file a superseding indictment consolidating the two cases shortly before commencement of trial in the two separate cases.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 He argues that he was prejudiced by the consolidation of two previous indictments charging him in relation to each robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [19]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 A superseding indictment is an indictment filed before the original or underlying indictment is dismissed.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 18.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The Guam Code does not provide any specific procedure for the issuance of superseding indictments. . . .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Rios}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2011 Guam 6 \'b6
 23 n.9 (internal quotation marks omitted).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
Although we have previously addressed the effect of a superseding indictment on the speedy trial clock, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 see generally Ungacta v. Superior Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2013 Guam 29, we have not considered what limitations, if any, apply to the filing of a superseding indictment by the People.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 We take this opportunity to adopt what has been described by the Tenth Circuit as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 the well established rule that, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [a]bsent prejudice to the defendant, a superseding indictment may be filed at any time before trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 United States v. Begay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 602 F.3d 1150, 1154 (10th Cir. 2010) (alteration in original).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [20]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
As we have not previously established guidelines for determining whether a defendant is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 prejudiced by the filing of a superseding indictment, we look by way of analogy to our precedent concerning prejudice in the context of an indictment amended pursuant to 8 GCA \'a7 55.20.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Riocne}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , we identified two tests to determine whether the 
filing of an amended indictment prejudiced a defendant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 2012 Guam 5 \'b6\'b6 13-14.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [21]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab The first test requires a determination of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
whether a defense under an indictment as it originally stood would be equally available after the [superseding indictment] is m
ade, and whether any evidence the defendant might have would be equally applicable to the indictment in the one form as in the other.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \'b6 13.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 If a defense or evidence in support of the defendant has not been adversely affected by the filing of the superseding indictment, no prejudice has occurred.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
In the present case, Campos has not identified any such adverse effect caused by the filing of the superseding indictment, nor is any apparent from the record.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s primary defense, a theory of alibi, was equally available to him for both crimes after consolidation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Furthermore, Campos has not identified any evidence available for his defense that was affected by resolving the two crimes in a single trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\super\insrsid7499096 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7499096\charrsid3015702 Campos argues that the consolidation of the two cases acted to circumvent Guam Rule}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid3015702  of Evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 Rule }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid3015702 404(b), which provides that \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid3015702 
e]vidence of other crimes, wrongs, or acts is not admissible to prove the character of a person in order to show that he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 acted in conformity therewith.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7499096\charrsid3015702   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 Guam R. Evid. 404(b).  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid3015702 There is no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 Rule }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid3015702 404(b) issue in this case, as the evidentiary rules do not provide a basis for objecting to the filing of a superseding indictment, and no objection was raised on those grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7499096 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [22]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab The second test requires a determination of:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
[W]hether the crimes specified in the original charging pleading . . . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
[i]nvolve the same basic elements and evolved out of the same factual situation as the crimes specified in the amended indictment or information.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 If so, then the defendant is deemed to have been placed on notice regarding his alleged criminal conduct.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 If, however, the amended provision alleges a different set of events, or the elements or defenses to the amended crime are materially different from t
he elements or defenses to the crime originally charged, such that the defendant would be prejudiced by the change, then the amendment is not permitted.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  \'b6 14 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Commonwealth v. Stanley}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 401 A.2d 1166, 1175 (Pa. Super. Ct. 1979)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 In the present
 case, it cannot be questioned that Campos was put on notice regarding all of the charges contained in the superseding indictment, as it merely consolidated two previous indictments, originally filed on the same day.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Thus, Campos cannot demonstrate prejudice under either test.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs17\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\super\insrsid7499096 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7499096\charrsid5008427 Campos }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid5008427 argues}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7499096\charrsid5008427  for the first time in his reply brief}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid5008427  that the superseding indictment amounted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7499096  to an impermissible joinder in that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid5008427  the two offenses are not of the same or similar character.  As this argument was not raised in Campos\rquote s initial brief, we }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 decline}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid5008427  to address it.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 
Furthermore, we note that Campos never filed a motion to sever the offenses.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid7499096 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid5008427 8 GCA \'a7
 65.35 (2005) (\'93
If it appears that a defendant or the government is prejudiced by a joinder of offenses or of defendants in an indictment or information or by such joinder for trial together, the court may order an election or separate trials of counts, grant a severance
 of defendants or provide whatever other relief justice requires.\'94)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [23]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
As Campos was not prejudiced by the superseding indictment, the court acted properly in overruling his objection to its filing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 B.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Alleged Discovery Violations
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [24]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s next two claims relate to alleged violations of the discovery rules under 8 GCA \'a7 70.10(a)(7) and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady v. Maryland}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 373 U.S. 83 (1965).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
At trial, certain government witnesses testified that the police showed them multiple photographic lineups during ide
ntification procedures, and one witness recalled a single black and white photograph being presented to her prior to being shown the lineup which was used to identify Campos.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 As the People produced only a single lineup in discovery, Campos argued that a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
 violation had occurred and moved for a mistrial and to suppress the lineup evidence used by the police, successively.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Both motions were denied.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 On appeal, Campos challenges those decisions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 1.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Motion for Mistrial
\par [25]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab We first consider the motion for mistrial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Campos argues that the court erred in denying his motion for a mistrial because the People violated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  in failing to produce additional lineup materials used by the police.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [26]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab The prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s failure to abide by the dictates of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  and make necessary disclosures is grounds for a mistrial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 United States v. Chapman}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 524 F.3d 1073, 1083 (9th Cir. 2008).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 We review the trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s denial of a motion for a mistrial based on alleged discovery violations for an abuse of discretion.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 59.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 To determine whether the court abused its discretion, we first must ascertain whether a discovery violation involving }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  material occurred.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 If such a violation took place, we then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 examine whether in denying the motion for a new trial, the trial court denied [an] appropriate remedy to the defendant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [27]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
First, we must determine whether the prosecution violated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
by producing only a single photographic lineup.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , the Court held that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
the suppression by the prosecution of evidence favorable to an accused upon request violates due process where the evidence is material either to guilt or to punishment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 373 U.S. at 87; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 see also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Tuncap}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 1998 Guam 13 \'b6 17.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 This rule is codified in Guam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s discovery statute, which requires the prosecuting attorney to disclose }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 any material or information which tends to negate the guilt of the defendant as to the offense charged.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 8 GCA \'a7 70.10(a)(7) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 We have interpreted this section to afford protection }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 equal to and not greater than those afforded by the Constitutional guarantee articulated by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  and its progeny.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Flores}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
, 2009 Guam 22 \'b6 60.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [29]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
A defendant must prove three elements in order to demonstrate that a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
 violation has occurred: (1) the evidence at issue must be favorable to the defendant, (2) the government must have suppressed the evidence, either willfully or inadvertently, and (3) the suppression of the evidence must have prejudiced the defendant 
in that it deprived him or her of a fair trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Kitano}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2011 Guam 11 \'b6 21.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [30]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab In this case, the second element is dispositive.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 In order for a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 violation to take place, the prosecution must fail to produce evidence to the defendant.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Whethe
r that occurred in this case was a question of fact considered by the trial court in assessing Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s motion for a mistrial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The trial court conducted a hearing on this issue and, after hearing from both parties, evidently found that no documents were suppressed by the prosecution.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
This finding has support in the record, as one of the investigating officers testified that only a single lineup was used and that no single photograph was ever displayed to the witnesses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Tr. at 129 (Jury Trial \endash  Day 4, Dec. 10, 2013).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 It was within the trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s discretion to discredit witness testimony that more than one lineup was used.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Thus, the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s finding that no evidence was suppressed by the government was not clear error, and we must defer to it in considering whether a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  violation occurred as a matter of law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [31]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
Given these facts, Campos has failed to demonstrate that a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
 violation occurred.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
He has not satisfied the second element of the aforementioned test, as no evidence was suppressed by the government, either willfully or inadvertently.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Accordingly, the court did not err in denying Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s motion for a mistrial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 2.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Motion to Suppress
\par [32]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab Next, we consider the motion to suppress.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Following witness testimony rega
rding additional lineup materials, Campos sought to suppress the lineup evidence introduced by the government on the ground that any additional lineups shown to the witnesses may have contained his photo, causing the lineup procedure to be impermissibly s
uggestive.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs17\super\insrsid7499096 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid16527131 Although motions to suppress ordinar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 
ily must be made prior to trial or result in a waiver of the issue, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid7499096\charrsid1133422 see}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid16527131 8 GCA 
\'a7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid15337316 \'a7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid16527131  65.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 15, 65.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7499096\charrsid16527131 45 (2005)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid16527131 
 the fact that defense counsel was not aware of the possibility of additional lineups until witnesses testified at trial constituted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 good }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid16527131 
cause to allow the motion to be made during trial.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [33]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab Identification evidence may be inadmissible if it is }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
so impermissibly suggestive as to give rise to a very substantial likelihood of irreparable misidentification.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Diego}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2013 Guam 15 \'b6 16 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs21\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Neil v. Biggers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 409 U.S. 188, 198 (1972) (internal quotation marks omitted)).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The application of this rule depends on the circumstances of each case, including whether the suggestiveness made the defendant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 stand out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  from others in the lineup and whether the identification procedure was unnecessary.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Carlos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 41 Cal. Rptr. 3d 873, 876 (2006) (citations omitted)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The defendant bears the burden of demonstrating that an identification pro
cedure was impermissibly suggestive.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 United States v. Pineda-Torres}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 94 F. App}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 x 453, 456 (9th Cir. 2004).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 We review a trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s decision on a defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s motion to suppress evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Tuncap}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2014 Guam 1 \'b6 12.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [34]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab As discussed previously, the
 trial court found that that no lineup evidence was withheld by the prosecution.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
Further, none of the witnesses testified that Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
s likeness appeared in multiple lineups.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
Nor did any testimony indicate that witnesses were shown a picture of Campos prior to identifying him in the lineup.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Thus, Campos relies on mere speculation that impermissibly suggestive tactics were utilized by the police.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Speculation alone is insufficient to carry Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s burden.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
See People v. Contreras}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 21 Cal. Rptr. 2d 496, 500 (Ct. App. 1993) (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The defendant bears the burden of proving unfairness [of pretrial identification procedures] as a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 demonstrable reality,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  not just speculation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
Accordingly, the court did not err in denying Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
s motion to suppress the lineup evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 C.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Instruction on Lesser Included Offenses
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par [35]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab Finally, Campos claims that the trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s failure to instruct the jury on third degree robbery warrants reversal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 He argues that third degree robbery is a lesser included offense of second degree robbery and therefore such an instruction was mandatory.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Neither the People nor Campos requested the jury be instructed on a lesser included offense. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [36]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [W]e adhere to t
he settled rule that failure to object to a jury instruction before the jury retires to consider its verdict precludes reversal except where there is a plain error affecting substantial rights.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Felder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
, 2012 Guam 8 \'b6 18.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Under the plain error standard of review, this court }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
will not reverse unless (1) there was an error; (2) the error is clear or obvious under current law; (3) the error affected substantial rights; and (4) reversal is necessary to prevent a miscarriage of justice or to maintain th
e integrity of the judicial process.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \'b6 19.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [37]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
We must initially determine whether the court erred in failing to instruct the jury on robbery in the third degree.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Title 8 GCA \'a7 90.27 provides that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [w]hen there is a rational basis for a verdict acqu
itting the defendant of the offense charged and convicting him of an included offense, the court shall charge the jury with respect to the included offense.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 8 GCA \'a7 90.27 (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Angoco v. Bitanga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , we held that this statute affords no discretion to the
 trial judge and, therefore, when there is a rational basis for a lesser-included offense instruction as shown by substantial evidence, the court must issue such an instruction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 sua sponte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 without regard to whether such instructions were requested or objected to by the parties.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 2001 Guam 17 \'b6 21.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 In order to determine whether a trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s failure to instruct on a given charge amounts to error under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Angoco}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , we must perform a two-step analysis.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Angoco }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 first requires a determination of whether the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 lesser offense is within the offense charged,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  and if so, whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 based on the evidence presented at trial, a rational jury could find the defendant guilty of the lesser offense but not the greater.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Demapan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2004 Guam 24 \'b6 7 (quoting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Angoco}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2001 Guam 17 \'b6 12).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Thus, in this case, the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s failure to instruct on robbery in the third degree amounted to error if (1) robbery in the third degree is a lesser included offense of robbery in the second degree, and (2)
 there was a rational basis for a verdict acquitting Campos of robbery in the second degree and convicting him of robbery in the third degree.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [38]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
We now consider whether robbery in the third degree is a lesser included offense of robbery in the second degree.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 An offense is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
included}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  when: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
(1) [i]t is established by proof of the same or less than all the facts required to establish the commission of the offense charged;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
(2) [i]t consists of an attempt or solicitation to commit the offense charged or to commit an offense otherwise included therein; or 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
(3) [i]t differs from the offense charged only in the respect that a less serious injury or risk of injury to the same person, property or public interest or a lesser kind of culpability suffices to establish its commission.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par 8 GCA \'a7 105.58(b)(1)-(3) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
We look to the statutory language defining the relevant offenses to resolve this question.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 See, e.g.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  People v. Cummins}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2010 Guam 19 \'b6\'b6
 19-20 (considering whether second degree criminal sexual conduct is a lesser included offense of first degree criminal sexual conduct).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [39]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab A person is guilty of second degree robbery if, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
in the course of committing a theft, he: (1) inflicts serious bodily injury upon another; or (2) threatens another with or inten
tionally puts him in fear of immediate serious bodily injury; or (3) is armed with or displays what appears to be explosives or a deadly weapon.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 9 GCA \'a7 40.20(a)(1)-(3) (2005).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 A person is guilty of third degree robbery if: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 in the course of committing a
 theft, he: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
(1) uses force against another with intent to overcome his physical resistance or physical power of resistance; or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
(2) threatens another with or intentionally puts him in fear of the imminent use of force against the person of anyone with intent to compel acquiescence to the taking of or escaping with property.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 9 GCA \'a7 40.30(a)(1)-(2) (2005). }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [40]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab Comp
aring the elements of each offense, we conclude that robbery in the third degree is a lesser included offense of robbery in the second degree.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\super\insrsid7499096 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096  Hawaii\rquote 
s penal code distinguishes between the degrees of robbery in a similar fashion to Guam\rquote s and Hawaii courts have reached the same conclusion with respect to lesser included offenses.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid7499096\charrsid3093999 
See State v. Brooks}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid3093999 , 235 P.3d 1168, 1184}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096 -85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096\charrsid3093999  (Haw. Ct. App. 2010).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Under 8 GCA \'a7
 105.58(b)(3), robbery in the third degree differs from robbery in the second degree only in the 
respect that a less serious injury or risk of injury to the same person, property or public interest or a lesser kind of culpability suffices to establish its commission.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The only difference between a robber using force against the victim and a robber seri
ously injuring the victim is the seriousness of the injury caused and the culpability assigned to the act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The same is true for a robber threatening to use force against the victim and a robber threatening to inflict serious bodily injury against the victi
m, whether utilizing a deadly weapon or otherwise.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1025 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs17\super\insrsid7499096 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7499096  We also note that the comment to Guam\rquote s robbery statute states that \'93
[t]he degrees of robbery relate to the seriousness of the injury threatened or inflicted upon the victim.\'94  9 GCA \'a7 40.10 cmt. (2005).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [41]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
Our inquiry does not end there, however, as instructions on lesser included offenses need not be given in every case:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
Due process does not automatically require the giving of lesser included offense instructions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Due process requires the giving of a lesser included instruction only when the evidence warrants it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 There must be evidence which would permit the jury rationally to find a defendant guilty of the lesser included offense and to acquit on the greater offens
e before he or she is entitled to a lesser-included offense instruction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 People v. Perez}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 1999 Guam 2 \'b6 24 (citations omitted).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
In order to determine whether there was a rational basis for such a verdict, we conduct a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  review of the record.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 See Angoco}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , 2001 Guam 17 \'b6 15.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [42]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
The question before us is whether the jury could have rationally acquitted Campos of robbery in the second degree and convicted him of robbery in the third degree.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Campos was charged under the third prong of robbery in the second degree, wherein, in the course of committing a theft, he was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 armed with or display[ed] what appear[ed] to be explosives or a deadly weapon.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 9 GCA \'a7 40.20(a)(3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 In order to acquit Campos of robbery in the second degree and convict him of robbery in t
he third degree, the jury would have had to conclude that Campos committed the robbery but was not armed at the time.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 We must consider whether there was a rational basis for such a conclusion based on the record.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [43]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab All evidence at trial suggested that 
the perpetrator of the robberies was armed during the commission of the crimes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
With regard to the Payless robbery, all three victims and the two witnesses present testified that a gun was brandished and fired during the crime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Tr. at 59-60, 116, 128, 141 (Jury Trial \endash  Day 3, Dec. 6, 2013); Tr. at 17-18, 50, 53 (Jury Trial \endash  Day 4).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
With regard to the Mini-Mart robbery, the cashier working at the time testified that the robber was carrying a gun and fired it during the robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Tr. at 27-28 (Jury Trial \endash  Day 3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Another employee who was in the back of the store while the robbery took place testified that she heard a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 crack}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  at that same time.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Id. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 at 18-19.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The jury was shown a security video from the Mini-Mart that showed the robber holding a gun.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Id.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  at 38.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Finally, a projectile was recovered from the store}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s counter.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Tr. at 75 (Jury Trial \endash  Day 4).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [44]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
Furthermore, Campos did not contest the presence of a gun at the robberies.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
The defense presented witnesses who testified that they were in the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s
 company at the time of the robberies.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
This defense hinged on the idea that the crime as reported was committed by another person.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 It did not seek to discredit the idea that a gun was used during the crimes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Nor did Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
s counsel during his opening or closing arguments ask the jury to conclude that a gun was not present.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [45]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
On appeal, Campos argues that the jury could have rationally concluded that no weapon was present because no weapon was found in Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s residence or otherwise recovered by the police.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 That no weapon was found in Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s residence may have supported the conclusion that he was not the robber, but it does not provide a rational basis for a finding that the robber was unarmed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
Nor does the fact that no gun was recovered by the police do so, in the face of ample, uncontradicted evidence that a gun was used during the robberies.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [46]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
Based on the record before us, we conclude that there was no rational basis for the jury to acquit Campos of robbery in the second degree and convict him of robbery in the third degree.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Accordingly, the trial court was not required to instruct the jury on robbery in the third degree under 8 GCA 
\'a7 90.27 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Angoco}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 , and, therefore, there was no error in
 this regard.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
As no error occurred, the first prong of the plain error standard of review is not satisfied, and we need not consider the doctrine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s additional criteria.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 V.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 CONCLUSION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1025\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7499096\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 [47]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 \tab 
Campos was not prejudiced by the superseding indictment consolidating the two felony cases, and the trial court properly overruled Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s objection to the filing of the superseding indictment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The trial court did not err in denying Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s motion for a mistrial based on alleged discovery violations because Campos failed to demonstrate that a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Brady}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  violation occurred.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 The trial court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 s denial of Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
s motion to suppress the evidence of the photographic lineup used by the police was proper since Campos did not meet his burden of showing that the identification procedure was impermissibly suggestive.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Finally, we reject Campos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
s claim of plain error with regard to instruction on the lesser included offense of Third Degree Robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Although Third Degree Robbery is a lesser included offense of Second Degree Robbery, the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
s court failure to include a charge of Third Degree Robbery in its jury instructions was not error, as there was no rational basis for the jury to acquit Campos of Second Degree Robbery and convict him of Third Degree Robbery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 
As there was no error, the claim fails under the first prong of the plain error standard of review.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 Therefore, we }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096 AFFIRM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7499096\charrsid7499096  the judgment of conviction.
\par }{\*\themedata 504b030414000600080000002100828abc13fa0000001c020000130000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6cac91cb6ac3301045f785fe83d0b6d8
72ba28a5d8cea249777d2cd20f18e4b12d6a8f843409c9df77ecb850ba082d74231062ce997b55ae8fe3a00e1893f354e9555e6885647de3a8abf4fbee29bbd7
2a3150038327acf409935ed7d757e5ee14302999a654e99e393c18936c8f23a4dc072479697d1c81e51a3b13c07e4087e6b628ee8cf5c4489cf1c4d075f92a0b
44d7a07a83c82f308ac7b0a0f0fbf90c2480980b58abc733615aa2d210c2e02cb04430076a7ee833dfb6ce62e3ed7e14693e8317d8cd0433bf5c60f53fea2fe7
065bd80facb647e9e25c7fc421fd2ddb526b2e9373fed4bb902e182e97b7b461e6bfad3f010000ffff0300504b030414000600080000002100a5d6a7e7c00000
00360100000b0000005f72656c732f2e72656c73848fcf6ac3300c87ef85bd83d17d51d2c31825762fa590432fa37d00e1287f68221bdb1bebdb4fc7060abb08
84a4eff7a93dfeae8bf9e194e720169aaa06c3e2433fcb68e1763dbf7f82c985a4a725085b787086a37bdbb55fbc50d1a33ccd311ba548b63095120f88d94fbc
52ae4264d1c910d24a45db3462247fa791715fd71f989e19e0364cd3f51652d73760ae8fa8c9ffb3c330cc9e4fc17faf2ce545046e37944c69e462a1a82fe353
bd90a865aad41ed0b5b8f9d6fd010000ffff0300504b0304140006000800000021006b799616830000008a0000001c0000007468656d652f7468656d652f7468
656d654d616e616765722e786d6c0ccc4d0ac3201040e17da17790d93763bb284562b2cbaebbf600439c1a41c7a0d29fdbd7e5e38337cedf14d59b4b0d592c9c
070d8a65cd2e88b7f07c2ca71ba8da481cc52c6ce1c715e6e97818c9b48d13df49c873517d23d59085adb5dd20d6b52bd521ef2cdd5eb9246a3d8b4757e8d3f7
29e245eb2b260a0238fd010000ffff0300504b03041400060008000000210096b5ade296060000501b0000160000007468656d652f7468656d652f7468656d65
312e786d6cec594f6fdb3614bf0fd87720746f6327761a07758ad8b19b2d4d1bc46e871e698996d850a240d2497d1bdae38001c3ba618715d86d87615b8116d8
a5fb34d93a6c1dd0afb0475292c5585e9236d88aad3e2412f9e3fbff1e1fa9abd7eec70c1d1221294fda5efd72cd4324f1794093b0eddd1ef62fad79482a9c04
98f184b4bd2991deb58df7dfbb8ad755446282607d22d771db8b944ad79796a40fc3585ee62949606ecc458c15bc8a702910f808e8c66c69b9565b5d8a314d3c
94e018c8de1a8fa94fd05093f43672e23d06af89927ac06762a049136785c10607758d9053d965021d62d6f6804fc08f86e4bef210c352c144dbab999fb7b471
7509af678b985ab0b6b4ae6f7ed9ba6c4170b06c788a705430adf71bad2b5b057d03606a1ed7ebf5babd7a41cf00b0ef83a6569632cd467faddec9699640f671
9e76b7d6ac355c7c89feca9cccad4ea7d36c65b258a206641f1b73f8b5da6a6373d9c11b90c537e7f08dce66b7bbeae00dc8e257e7f0fd2badd5868b37a088d1
e4600ead1ddaef67d40bc898b3ed4af81ac0d76a197c86826828a24bb318f3442d8ab518dfe3a20f000d6458d104a9694ac6d88728eee2782428d60cf03ac1a5
193be4cbb921cd0b495fd054b5bd0f530c1931a3f7eaf9f7af9e3f45c70f9e1d3ff8e9f8e1c3e3073f5a42ceaa6d9c84e5552fbffdeccfc71fa33f9e7ef3f2d1
17d57859c6fffac327bffcfc793510d26726ce8b2f9ffcf6ecc98baf3efdfdbb4715f04d814765f890c644a29be408edf3181433567125272371be15c308d3f2
8acd249438c19a4b05fd9e8a1cf4cd296699771c393ac4b5e01d01e5a30a787d72cf1178108989a2159c77a2d801ee72ce3a5c545a6147f32a99793849c26ae6
6252c6ed637c58c5bb8b13c7bfbd490a75330f4b47f16e441c31f7184e140e494214d273fc80900aedee52ead87597fa824b3e56e82e451d4c2b4d32a423279a
668bb6690c7e9956e90cfe766cb37b077538abd27a8b1cba48c80acc2a841f12e698f13a9e281c57911ce298950d7e03aba84ac8c154f8655c4f2af074481847
bd804859b5e696007d4b4edfc150b12addbecba6b18b148a1e54d1bc81392f23b7f84137c2715a851dd0242a633f900710a218ed715505dfe56e86e877f0034e
16bafb0e258ebb4faf06b769e888340b103d3311da9750aa9d0a1cd3e4efca31a3508f6d0c5c5c398602f8e2ebc71591f5b616e24dd893aa3261fb44f95d843b
5974bb5c04f4edafb95b7892ec1108f3f98de75dc97d5772bdff7cc95d94cf672db4b3da0a6557f70db629362d72bcb0431e53c6066acac80d699a6409fb44d0
8741bdce9c0e4971624a2378cceaba830b05366b90e0ea23aaa241845368b0eb9e2612ca8c742851ca251ceccc70256d8d87265dd96361531f186c3d9058edf2
c00eafe8e1fc5c509031bb4d680e9f39a3154de0accc56ae644441edd76156d7429d995bdd88664a9dc3ad50197c38af1a0c16d684060441db02565e85f3b966
0d0713cc48a0ed6ef7dedc2dc60b17e92219e180643ed27acffba86e9c94c78ab90980d8a9f0913ee49d62b512b79626fb06dccee2a432bbc60276b9f7dec44b
7904cfbca4f3f6443ab2a49c9c2c41476dafd55c6e7ac8c769db1bc399161ee314bc2e75cf8759081743be1236ec4f4d6693e5336fb672c5dc24a8c33585b5fb
9cc24e1d4885545b58463634cc5416022cd19cacfccb4d30eb45296023fd35a458598360f8d7a4003bbaae25e331f155d9d9a5116d3bfb9a95523e51440ca2e0
088dd844ec6370bf0e55d027a012ae264c45d02f708fa6ad6da6dce29c255df9f6cae0ec38666984b372ab5334cf640b37795cc860de4ae2816e95b21be5ceaf
8a49f90b52a51cc6ff3355f47e0237052b81f6800fd7b802239daf6d8f0b1571a8426944fdbe80c6c1d40e8816b88b8569082ab84c36ff0539d4ff6dce591a26
ade1c0a7f669880485fd484582903d284b26fa4e2156cff62e4b9265844c4495c495a9157b440e091bea1ab8aaf7760f4510eaa69a6465c0e04ec69ffb9e65d0
28d44d4e39df9c1a52ecbd3607fee9cec7263328e5d661d3d0e4f62f44acd855ed7ab33cdf7bcb8ae889599bd5c8b3029895b6825696f6af29c239b75a5bb1e6
345e6ee6c28117e73586c1a2214ae1be07e93fb0ff51e133fb65426fa843be0fb515c187064d0cc206a2fa926d3c902e907670048d931db4c1a44959d366ad93
b65abe595f70a75bf03d616c2dd959fc7d4e6317cd99cbcec9c58b34766661c7d6766ca1a9c1b327531486c6f941c638c67cd22a7f75e2a37be0e82db8df9f30
254d30c1372581a1f51c983c80e4b71ccdd28dbf000000ffff0300504b0304140006000800000021000dd1909fb60000001b010000270000007468656d652f74
68656d652f5f72656c732f7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c2e72656c73848f4d0ac2301484f78277086f6fd3ba109126dd88d0add40384e4350d363f24
51eced0dae2c082e8761be9969bb979dc9136332de3168aa1a083ae995719ac16db8ec8e4052164e89d93b64b060828e6f37ed1567914b284d262452282e3198
720e274a939cd08a54f980ae38a38f56e422a3a641c8bbd048f7757da0f19b017cc524bd62107bd5001996509affb3fd381a89672f1f165dfe514173d9850528
a2c6cce0239baa4c04ca5bbabac4df000000ffff0300504b01022d0014000600080000002100828abc13fa0000001c0200001300000000000000000000000000
000000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6c504b01022d0014000600080000002100a5d6a7e7c0000000360100000b000000000000000000000000
002b0100005f72656c732f2e72656c73504b01022d00140006000800000021006b799616830000008a0000001c00000000000000000000000000140200007468
656d652f7468656d652f7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c504b01022d001400060008000000210096b5ade296060000501b000016000000000000000000
00000000d10200007468656d652f7468656d652f7468656d65312e786d6c504b01022d00140006000800000021000dd1909fb60000001b010000270000000000
00000000000000009b0900007468656d652f7468656d652f5f72656c732f7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c2e72656c73504b050600000000050005005d010000960a00000000}
{\*\colorschememapping 3c3f786d6c2076657273696f6e3d22312e302220656e636f64696e673d225554462d3822207374616e64616c6f6e653d22796573223f3e0d0a3c613a636c724d
617020786d6c6e733a613d22687474703a2f2f736368656d61732e6f70656e786d6c666f726d6174732e6f72672f64726177696e676d6c2f323030362f6d6169
6e22206267313d226c743122207478313d22646b3122206267323d226c743222207478323d22646b322220616363656e74313d22616363656e74312220616363
656e74323d22616363656e74322220616363656e74333d22616363656e74332220616363656e74343d22616363656e74342220616363656e74353d22616363656e74352220616363656e74363d22616363656e74362220686c696e6b3d22686c696e6b2220666f6c486c696e6b3d22666f6c486c696e6b222f3e}
{\*\latentstyles\lsdstimax267\lsdlockeddef0\lsdsemihiddendef0\lsdunhideuseddef0\lsdqformatdef0\lsdprioritydef0{\lsdlockedexcept \lsdqformat1 \lsdlocked0 Normal;\lsdqformat1 \lsdlocked0 heading 1;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 2;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 3;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdlocked0 heading 4;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdlocked0 heading 5;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdlocked0 heading 6;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdlocked0 heading 7;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdlocked0 heading 8;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdlocked0 heading 9;\lsdpriority99 \lsdlocked0 footnote text;\lsdpriority99 \lsdlocked0 header;\lsdpriority99 \lsdlocked0 footer;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdlocked0 caption;\lsdpriority99 \lsdlocked0 footnote reference;\lsdqformat1 \lsdlocked0 Title;\lsdqformat1 \lsdlocked0 Subtitle;\lsdqformat1 \lsdlocked0 Strong;
\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority20 \lsdlocked0 Emphasis;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdpriority99 \lsdlocked0 Placeholder Text;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority1 \lsdlocked0 No Spacing;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List;
\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid;\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2;\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1;
\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading;\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid;
\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 1;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 1;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 1;\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 1;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 1;
\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 1;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdpriority99 \lsdlocked0 Revision;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority34 \lsdlocked0 List Paragraph;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority29 \lsdlocked0 Quote;
\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority30 \lsdlocked0 Intense Quote;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 1;\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 1;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 1;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 1;
\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 1;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 1;\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 1;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 1;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 2;
\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 2;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 2;\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 2;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 2;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 2;
\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 2;\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 2;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 2;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 2;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 2;
\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 2;\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 2;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 2;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 3;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 3;
\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 3;\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 3;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 3;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 3;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 3;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 3;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 3;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 3;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 3;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 3;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 3;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 3;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 4;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 4;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 4;
\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 4;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 4;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 4;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 4;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 4;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 4;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 4;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 4;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 4;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 4;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 4;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 5;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 5;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 5;
\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 5;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 5;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 5;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 5;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 5;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 5;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 5;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 5;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 5;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 5;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 5;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 6;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 6;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 6;
\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 6;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 6;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 6;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 6;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 6;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 6;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 6;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 6;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 6;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 6;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 6;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority19 \lsdlocked0 Subtle Emphasis;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority21 \lsdlocked0 Intense Emphasis;
\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority31 \lsdlocked0 Subtle Reference;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority32 \lsdlocked0 Intense Reference;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority33 \lsdlocked0 Book Title;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority37 \lsdlocked0 Bibliography;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 TOC Heading;}}{\*\datastore 0105000002000000180000004d73786d6c322e534158584d4c5265616465722e352e3000000000000000000000060000
d0cf11e0a1b11ae1000000000000000000000000000000003e000300feff090006000000000000000000000001000000010000000000000000100000feffffff00000000feffffff0000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
fffffffffffffffffdfffffffeffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff52006f006f007400200045006e00740072007900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000016000500ffffffffffffffffffffffffec69d9888b8b3d4c859eaf6cd158be0f000000000000000000000000f082
f56a2223d101feffffff00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000105000000000000}}