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\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5760
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{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698693
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\'01;}\fi-180\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listlevel
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{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li2880
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{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1800\jclisttab\tx1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li2520\jclisttab\tx2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3240
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\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
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{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
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{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0
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{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1800\jclisttab\tx1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li2520\jclisttab\tx2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3240
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{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698693
\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f10\fbias0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698689\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers
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{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0
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{\title People v. Rios, Gutierrez, CRA10-007}{\subject criminal}{\author Supreme Court of Guam}{\operator raikatalau_l}{\creatim\yr2011\mo3\dy9\hr16\min23}{\revtim\yr2011\mo3\dy10\hr8\min38}{\printim\yr2011\mo3\dy7\hr12\min10}{\version9}{\edmins38}
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM
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\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3828177\charrsid10232084 THE PEOPLE OF GUAM}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 ,
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\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 JOHN A. RIOS and
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\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 ees}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 .}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par Supreme Court Case No. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3828177\charrsid10232084 CR}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073303\charrsid10232084 A}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4661373\charrsid10232084 10}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073303\charrsid10232084 -0}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4661373\charrsid10232084 0}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 7}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par Superior Court Case No. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3828177\charrsid10232084 CF}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4661373\charrsid10232084 0}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 401}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4661373\charrsid10232084 -0}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 5}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2556534\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 OPINION
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10711389\charrsid10232084 Filed:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10711389\charrsid10232084 March 7, 2011
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 Cite as: 20}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15225589\charrsid10232084 1}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13911675\charrsid10232084 1}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084  Guam }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12194380\charrsid10232084 6}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 Argued and }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8061626\charrsid10232084 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 ubmitted }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3828177\charrsid10232084 November 4}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 , 2010}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13262421 {\insrsid8061626 
\par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts36\trqc\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth1\clshdrawnil \cellx3401\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth1\clshdrawnil \cellx8009\pard\plain 
\ql \fi-5040\li5040\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx12\tx148\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\pararsid12848880\yts36 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 
Appearing for Plaintiff-Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 :
\par }\pard \ql \fi-5040\li5040\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\pararsid13262421\yts36 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 Marianne Woloschuk, }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 Esq.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid13262421\yts36 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 Assistant Attorney General
\par Office of the Attorney General
\par 287 W. O}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 Brien Dr.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid809904\yts36 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96910}{\insrsid13262421 \cell }\pard 
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid13262421\yts36 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 Appearing for Defendant-Appellee Gutierrez}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 :
\par F. Randall Cunliffe, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 Esq.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 
\par Cunliffe & Cook, P.C.
\par 210 Archbishop Flores St.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid5928880\yts36 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421\charrsid10232084 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96910}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13262421 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid7289197\yts36 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197\charrsid10232084 David J. Lujan, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197\charrsid10232084 
Esq.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197\charrsid10232084 
\par Lujan, Aguigui & Perez LLP
\par DNA Building Suite 300
\par 238 Archbishop Flores St.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid7289197\yts36 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197\charrsid10232084 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96910}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid7289197\yts36 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197\charrsid10232084 Appearing for Defendant-Appellee Rios:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197\charrsid10232084 Michael F. Phillips, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197\charrsid10232084 Esq.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197\charrsid10232084 
\par Phillips & Bordallo, P.C.
\par 410 W. O}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197\charrsid10232084 Brien Dr.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid7289197\yts36 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7289197\charrsid10232084 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96910}{\insrsid7289197 \cell }\pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid13262421 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow 
\ts36\trqc\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr
\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth1\clshdrawnil \cellx3401\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth1\clshdrawnil \cellx8009\row }\pard 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13262421 {\insrsid5851484\charrsid13262421 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 BEFORE: ROBERT J. TORRES, Chief Justice; }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 M}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 IGUEL}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084  S. D}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 EMAPAN}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 , Justice}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 Pro Tempore}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10307220\charrsid10232084 ;}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 J}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 OHN}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084  A. M}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 ANGLONA}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084  Justice}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 Pro Tempore}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10307220\charrsid10232084 .}{
\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6113493\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084  The signatures in this opinion reflect the titles of the justices at the time this matter was considered and determined.}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3828177\charrsid10232084 TORRES}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 ,}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3828177\charrsid10232084  C. }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 J.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10307220\charrsid10232084 :}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 [1]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 T}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14696109\charrsid10232084 he trial court }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 issued two pre-trial orders, collectively dismissing al
l charges against Defendants-Appellees Carl T.C. Gutierrez (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 Gutierrez}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 ) and John A. Rios (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 Rios}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
"}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12526182\charrsid10232084 .}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084 
 Collectively, Gutierrez and Rios will be denominated \'93the Appellees.\'94}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 The People of Guam (}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 
) appeal, arguing that the orders incorrectly applied the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 law of the case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084  doctrine}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13899215\charrsid10232084  and that the trial court committed clear error in its earlier decisions which established the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13899215\charrsid10232084 law of the case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6113493\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 Gutierrez argues, additionally, that the People failed to bring a timely appeal of the dismissal of the charges against him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 For the reasons set forth below}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13907337\charrsid10232084  we }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 
affirm the orders of the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 , }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13907337\charrsid10232084 and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084  re}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5851484\charrsid10232084 mand the case for further proceedings}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 I.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 F}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid209141\charrsid10232084 ACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 [2]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 \tab }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 This is the second time the Guam Supreme Court has considered this case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
The factual and procedural history of the case up to December 17, 2008 was set down by the court in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 People v. Rios}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11279297\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 2008 Guam 22 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 ) and will be reproduced here:}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 A grand jury returned a sealed indictment (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 first indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 ) charging Defendants wit
h nine related theft offenses involving the Government of Guam Retirement Fund.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
A few weeks later, the trial court issued a Decision and Order }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194264\charrsid10232084 [filed July 20, 2005,] }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
which dismissed without prejudice five charges of the first indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 The court found th
at, as a matter of law, the People could not show that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 Defendant Gutierrez received property to which he was not privileged to infringe,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  which resulted in the omission of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 a necessary element of the Defined Contributions}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
charges.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 After considering both parties}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  motions for reconsideration, the court issued a Decision and Order }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10317065\charrsid10232084 [on July 25, 2005,] }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 dismissing the remaining four charges against the Defendants without prejudice.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194264 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 The People then filed an appeal to this court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 A few day
s later, the trial court entered a Judgment confirming its earlier Decision and Order.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
Subsequently, the People moved to voluntarily dismiss its appeal, which this court granted.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194264 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 Two months later, the People revised their complaint and refiled the charges against Defendants.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 A grand jury eventually returned a superseding indictment (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
second indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 ), charging Defendants with twenty-one related theft offenses involving the Government of Guam Retirement Fund.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 Defendants moved to dismiss pursuant to 8 GCA }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194264\charrsid10232084 \'a7}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  130.20(b), arguing that because an appeal had been taken, the charges could not be refiled against Defendants.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 On February 10, 2006, the trial court agreed and dismissed all but two of the charges in the second indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11279297\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid803633\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6365728\charrsid10232084  2008 Guam 22}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11279297\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11279297\charrsid10232084 \'b6\'b6 2-4 (citation and emphasis }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6365728\charrsid10232084 omitted}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11279297\charrsid10232084 ).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11279297 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 [3]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 The }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  court ruled that dismissal of the second indictment was error}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13899215\charrsid10232084  and that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  the bar to re-indictment found in 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b) was inapplicable.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6365728\charrsid10232084 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  \'b6 30.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 The }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  court stated specifically that }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 [b]ecause the Superior Court has not yet ruled on the merits of the second indictment, we decline to do so here.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
The case was remanded to the trial court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 The Appellees}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  petition for rehearing}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13899215\charrsid10232084  was later}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  denied}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13899215\charrsid10232084  by this court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 [4]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 \tab Summons issued for both Appellees, who were arraigned in March of 2010.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 Gutierrez asserted his speedy trial rights}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6579095\charrsid10232084  and t}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 rial was scheduled for May of 2010.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 [5]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 \tab Rios filed a pre-trial motion to dismiss the second indictment, incorporating by reference the 
orders dismissing the original indictment against the Appellees entered by the trial court on July 20, 2005 and July 25, 2005.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
Gutierrez joined in the motion.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 The People filed an opposition, and Rios filed a Reply.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 Gutierrez joined in the Reply filed by Rios and also filed his own Reply}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid733053\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  The trial court issued an order on May 8, 2010}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14034363\charrsid10232084  (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14034363\charrsid10232084 May 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14034363\charrsid10232084 )}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15992532\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  dismissing counts one, two, six, seven, nine, ten, eleven, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, and }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9137890\charrsid10232084 twenty-}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 one of the second indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 [6]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 \tab }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 The parties all filed motions for reconsideration.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
The People requested alternatively that they be allowed to amend the indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3478632\charrsid10232084 Each Appellee opposed the People}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3478632\charrsid10232084 s motion for reconsideration.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15998814\charrsid10232084 On June 7}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 , 2010}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15992532\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  the trial court }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15998814\charrsid10232084 issu}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 ed a second order confir
ming its May 2010}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9048722\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4814441\charrsid10232084 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
 and also dismissing all the remaining charges of the second indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13899215\charrsid10232084 The trial court determined that}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11279297\charrsid10232084 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13899215 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13899215\charrsid10232084 
Because the [first] CF0216-04 Indictment and the [second] CF0401-05 Superseding Indictment involve the same issues and facts, the CF0401-05 Superseding Indictment is subject to the law of the case rendered in the original CF0216-04 Indictment}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12735491\charrsid10232084 .
\par . . . .
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13899215\charrsid10232084 With
out reconsidering the July 20, 2005 and July 25, 2005 Orders, the Court, under the law of the case doctrine, is precluded from reconsidering its determination that the People could not prove that Defendant Gutierrez was not entitled to infringe upon the p
roperty of the Fund.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13899215 
\par }\pard \ql \fi720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16715511\charrsid10232084 ER }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6365728\charrsid10232084 at }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16715511\charrsid10232084 36-37}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14034363\charrsid10232084  (Second Amended Dec. & Order, June 7, 2010 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14034363\charrsid10232084 June 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14034363\charrsid10232084 )}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12735491\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16715511\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
The People filed a notice of appeal on June 18, 2010.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3105338\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11038845\charrsid10232084 II.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 J}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4133427\charrsid10232084 URISDICTION}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 [7]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 \tab }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 This is an appeal from an order }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15998814\charrsid10232084 filed by the trial court on June 7}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 , 2010}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5909496\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  dismissing all charges against the Appellees.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 The}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15998814\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7094004\charrsid10232084 
June 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11094801\charrsid10232084  discusses}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  a prior order entered by the trial court on May 8, 2010.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 This court has jurisdiction over }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16713874\charrsid10232084 this }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 appeal under }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11149660\charrsid10232084 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7 1424-1(a)(2) (Westlaw through Pub. L. 111-382 (2011)); }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 7 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5909496\charrsid10232084 GCA}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  \'a7\'a7 3107}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11149660\charrsid10232084  and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  3108}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11149660\charrsid10232084  (2005);}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  and 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14758223\charrsid10232084  (2005)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16713874\charrsid10232084 Title }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5) }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16713874\charrsid10232084 allows the government to take an appeal from }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
[a]n order or judgment dismissing or otherwise terminating the action before the defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16715511\charrsid10232084  has been placed in jeopardy}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16713874\charrsid10232084 
 . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16713874\charrsid10232084 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824\charrsid10232084 III.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166\charrsid10232084 S}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4133427\charrsid10232084 TANDARD OF REVIEW}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2440824 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 {\*\bkmkstart wlCitedDoc}[8]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
Courts review dismissals of indictments on purely legal grounds under a }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 de novo}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  standard.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 
Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14758223\charrsid10232084 ,}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972173\charrsid10232084 2008 Guam 22 \'b6 8.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11173166 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11038845\charrsid10232084 {\*\bkmkend wlCitedDoc}IV.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14361262\charrsid10232084 ANALYSIS}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4133427 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4133427\charrsid10232084 A.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6365728\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16713874\charrsid10232084 Timeliness of the People}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16713874\charrsid10232084 s Appeal}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15407971 

\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 [9]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6830961\charrsid10232084 \tab }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084 As a threshold is}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6780933\charrsid10232084 sue, Gutierrez argues that the Notice of A}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084 
ppeal filed by the People was not timely as to the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084 s dismissal of }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16715511\charrsid10232084 certain}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084  charges against him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084 Appellee Gutierrez}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3287444\charrsid10232084 s Br.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084  (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084 Gutierrez }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16392812\charrsid10232084 Br.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084 ) at 7-8}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16392812\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3478977\charrsid10232084 (Sept. 28, 2010)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084  (}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084 
Not having requested the court to reconsider certain of the charges, an appeal of those matters is outside the time for filing a Notice of Appeal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5260194\charrsid10232084  . . . }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084 therefore, the appeal from these matters contained in the first dismissal, except the First Charge should be rejected.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6121257\charrsid10232084 ).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 
This argument is based on the grounds that the People did not seek reconsideration of the portions of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5264606\charrsid10232084 the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7094004\charrsid10232084 
May 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084  which dismissed certain charges against Gutierrez.}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16715511\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084\charrsid11796746 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084\charrsid11796746 
 The trial court\rquote s }{\insrsid10232084 May 2010 Dec. & Order}{\insrsid10232084\charrsid11796746  dismissed counts one, two, six, seven, nine, ten, eleven, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, and twenty}{\insrsid10232084 -}{
\insrsid10232084\charrsid11796746 one of the second Indictment; however, }{\insrsid10232084 in the trial court\rquote s June 2010 Dec. & Order, the court noted that }{\insrsid10232084\charrsid11796746 the People}{\insrsid10232084  }{
\insrsid10232084\charrsid11796746 only sought reconsideration of the dismissal of count one}{\insrsid10232084  and}{\insrsid10232084\charrsid11796746  }{\insrsid10232084 \'93}{\insrsid10232084\charrsid11796746 
did not move for reconsideration of the dismissal of the other Charges dismissed in the May 8, 2010 Order.\'94}{\insrsid10232084   }{\insrsid10232084\charrsid11796746 ER }{\insrsid10232084 at }{\insrsid10232084\charrsid11796746 33}{\insrsid10232084 
 (June 2010 Dec. & Order).}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14097495\charrsid10232084 Spe
cifically, the motion to reconsider did not address (1) the dismissals of some of the charges against Gutierrez, or (2) one of the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14097495\charrsid10232084 s legal grounds for the dismissals of the charges against Gutierrez.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10486144\charrsid10232084 
Id. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10486144\charrsid10232084 at 6-7.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485057 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [10]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 The People respond that }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 
s appeal from the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 s decision of June 7, 2010, constitutes an appeal of the dismissal of a}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9977169\charrsid10232084 ll the charges in indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14758223\charrsid10232084 Appellant}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14758223\charrsid10232084 s }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 Reply}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14758223\charrsid10232084  Br}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5264606\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084  at 11}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171821\charrsid10232084  (Oct. 27, 2010)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 In support of this argument, the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15998814\charrsid10232084  rely on the observation that the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7306141\charrsid10232084 June 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084  (ruling on the various motions for reconsideration in the case) }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 explicitly revisited}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 
 the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 s previous justifications for dismissing each of the charges disposed of in the May }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1802135\charrsid10232084 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 Reply }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5264606\charrsid10232084 Br. at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 10-11.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 The People also argue that the trial court erred by }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15998814\charrsid10232084 fail}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282829\charrsid10232084 ing to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485057\charrsid10232084 read the indictment as}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15101700\charrsid10232084  a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485057\charrsid10232084  whole}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485057\charrsid10232084  as required under our previous decision in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485057\charrsid10232084 People v. Jones}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5264606\charrsid10232084 ,}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485057\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485057\charrsid10232084 2006 Guam 13 \'b6 12.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485057\charrsid10232084 Reply}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9977169\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5264606\charrsid10232084 
Br. at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485057\charrsid10232084 6.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid278898 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [11]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid278898\charrsid10232084 
We have previously recognized that a defective notice of appeal may deprive this court of jurisdiction}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10639168\charrsid10232084  to hear an appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10639168\charrsid10232084 See Sananap v. Cyfred}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12526182\charrsid10232084 , Ltd.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14758223\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10639168\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10639168\charrsid10232084 2008 Guam 10 \'b6 10 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10639168\charrsid10232084 Thus, if [a] defective Notice of Appeal rises to the level of a jurisdictional}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16521843\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084  The United States Supreme Court in }
{\i\insrsid10232084 Kontrick v. Ryan}{\insrsid10232084 , 540 U.S. 443 (2004), challenged the previously held belief that a timely notice of appeal from a judgment or order in a criminal case was virtually }{\i\insrsid10232084 per se}{\insrsid10232084 
 jurisdictional, explaining that the term \'93jurisdictional\'94 had been misused in previous cases.  }{\insrsid10232084\charrsid12526182 540}{\insrsid10232084  U.S. at 454; }{\i\insrsid10232084 see generally United States v. Garduno}{\insrsid10232084 
, 506 F.3d 1287 (10th Cir. 2007).  The Supreme Court has since clarified that procedural rules which are explicitly grounded in statutory language are truly \'93jurisdictional rules,\'94 while other rules may be termed \'93claims-processing rules.\'94  }{
\i\insrsid10232084 See Bowles v. Russell}{\insrsid10232084 , {\*\bkmkstart OLE_LINK1}{\*\bkmkstart OLE_LINK2}551 U.S. 205{\*\bkmkend OLE_LINK1}{\*\bkmkend OLE_LINK2}
, 207-13 (2007).  The primary difference between the two categories is that objections concerning \'93claim processing rules\'94 may be forfeited if not properly raised.  }{\i\insrsid10232084 Kontrick}{\insrsid10232084 
, 540 U.S. at 456.  While the question of whether or not Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure (\'93FRAP\'94) Rule 4(b)(1)(B) is truly jurisdictional has not been }{\i\insrsid10232084\charrsid4469795 clearly}{\insrsid10232084  resolved by the 
federal courts, since neither party has suggested forfeiture might be appropriate here, the distinction is irrelevant in the determination of this case.  }{\i\insrsid10232084 See In re Grand Jury Proceedings}{\insrsid10232084 
, 616 F.3d 1186, 1194 (10th Cir. 2010) (timing requirements of FRAP 4(b)(1)(B) appear to be based on language of 18 U.S.C. \'a7 3731). }{\i\insrsid10232084   }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10639168\charrsid10232084 
 defect, dismissal is mandatory.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10639168\charrsid10232084 ).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10639168\charrsid10232084 It is therefore prudent for the court to resolve this potentially dispositive issue (at least for the charges against Gutierrez) prior to considering the other arguments }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6780933\charrsid10232084 made}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10639168\charrsid10232084  by the parties in this case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3046149 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [12]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10639168\charrsid10232084 The People}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8454859\charrsid10232084  argue}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10639168\charrsid10232084  that the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14097495\charrsid10232084 ir}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10639168\charrsid10232084  motion to reconsider the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9187853\charrsid10232084 May 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5141262\charrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5141262\charrsid10232084 tolled}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5141262\charrsid10232084 
 the timing requirements for the filing of a Notice of Appeal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7629842\charrsid10232084  as to all the charges dismissed by that order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14496416\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11094801\charrsid10232084  and that the June 18, 2010 Notice of Appeal was effective as to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14097495\charrsid10232084 all the charges which were dismissed.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14758223\charrsid10232084 Thus, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9187853\charrsid10232084 the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11094801\charrsid10232084 People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14758223\charrsid10232084 s appeal from the trial court}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14758223\charrsid10232084 s decision of June 7, 2010, constitutes an appeal of the dismissal of all the charges in the indictment}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11094801\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9187853\charrsid10232084 Reply Br. at 11.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5141262 

\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [13]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5141262\charrsid10232084 The timing requirement for the filing of a Notice of Appeal by the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647418\charrsid10232084  in a criminal case is}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5141262\charrsid10232084  found }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647418\charrsid10232084 within}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5141262\charrsid10232084  Gua}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647418\charrsid10232084 m Rule}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12526182\charrsid10232084 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647418\charrsid10232084  of Appellate Procedure }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12526182\charrsid10232084 Rule }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647418\charrsid10232084 4}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5141262\charrsid10232084 (b}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647418\charrsid10232084 )(1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5141262\charrsid10232084 (B)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647418\charrsid10232084 , which reads: }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647418\charrsid10232084 When the government is entitled to appeal, its notice of a
ppeal must be filed in the Superior Court within 30 days after the later of: (i) the entry of the judgment or order being appealed; or (ii) the filing of a notice of appeal by any defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12526182\charrsid10232084 Guam R. App. P. (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647418\charrsid10232084 GRAP}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12526182\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647418\charrsid10232084  4(b)(1)(B)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12526182\charrsid10232084 .}{
\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16715511\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084\charrsid2837545 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084\charrsid2837545  }{\insrsid10232084 In interpreting the Guam 
Rules of Appellate Procedure, we look to federal case law interpreting the substantially similar Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure.  }{\i\insrsid10232084 See }{\i\insrsid10232084\charrsid2837545 McGhee v. McGhee}{\insrsid10232084 ,}{\i\insrsid10232084 
 }{\insrsid10232084 2008 Guam 17 \'b6 12 (}{\insrsid10232084\charrsid11628260 citing}{\insrsid10232084  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\insrsid10232084\charrsid486124  HYPERLINK "http://web2.westlaw.com/find/default.wl?tf=-1&rs=WLW11.01&se
rialnum=2016560129&fn=_top&sv=Split&tc=-1&pbc=BE962B4F&ordoc=2017473107&findtype=Y&db=4602&utid=1&vr=2.0&rp=%2ffind%2fdefault.wl&mt=NewLitigator" \\t "_top" }}{\fldrslt {\cs21\i\cf1\insrsid10232084\charrsid486124 Sananap}{
\cs21\cf1\insrsid10232084\charrsid12526182 ,}{\cs21\cf1\insrsid10232084\charrsid486124  2008 Guam 10 \'b6 8 n.2}}}{\insrsid10232084 ).  }{\insrsid10232084\charrsid2837545 The commentary for the GRAP indicates the source for GRAP 4(b)(1
)(B) is the textually identical }{\insrsid10232084 FRAP }{\insrsid10232084\charrsid2837545 4(b)(1)(B). }{\insrsid10232084  }{\i\insrsid10232084\charrsid2837545 See}{\insrsid10232084\charrsid2837545  GRAP 4 (\'93SOURCE:}{\b\insrsid10232084\charrsid2837545 
 }{\insrsid10232084\charrsid2837545 FRAP 4 as modified.\'94).}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6780933\charrsid10232084 Under this 30}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12404698\charrsid10232084 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6780933\charrsid10232084 day limitation, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6780933\charrsid10232084 if}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6780933\charrsid10232084  the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6780933\charrsid10232084 s motion for reconsideration }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6780933\charrsid10232084 did not}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6780933\charrsid10232084  toll the timing requirement for filing a Notice of Appeal concerning the}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16715511\charrsid10232084  dismissal of certain}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6780933\charrsid10232084  charges against Gutierrez, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6780933\charrsid10232084 then}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6780933\charrsid10232084  the Notice of Appeal (filed on June 18, 2010, approximately 40 days after the issuance of the May 8, 2010 order) would be untimely.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3046149 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [14]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084 The Guam Rules }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid486124\charrsid10232084 o}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084 f Appellate Procedure concerning which types of motions }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084 by the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084  may or may not toll the general timing requirements of GRAP 4(b)(1) are largely silent.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084 Compare}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084  GRAP 4(b)(1)(B) }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084 with}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084  GRAP 4(b)(3) (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16715511\charrsid10232084 identifying}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084  several specific motions which, if made by a criminal defendant, will }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084 
toll}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084  the timing rules); }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084 see also}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084 U}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12404698\charrsid10232084 nited States}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084  v. Healy}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084 ,\~376 U.S. 75, 79\~
(1964) (noting similar lack of rules or statutes governing motions for rehearing by the Government in the federal courts).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603322\charrsid10232084 However, s}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 everal United States Supreme Court cases s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 upport }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 
the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 s }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11759491\charrsid10232084 suggestion}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084  that a timely motion for reconsideration should toll the 30}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12404698\charrsid10232084 -}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 day filing requirement of GRAP 4(b)(1)(B) for the entirety of the May }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2839240\charrsid10232084 2010 Dec. & Order}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 , regardless of whether the motion for reconsideration addressed every legal conclusion found therein.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11215347 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [15]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 In }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 Healy}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084  the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12404698\charrsid10232084 C}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 ourt considered }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 whether}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13794009\charrsid10232084  . . . }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 a timely petition for rehearing by the Government}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13794009\charrsid10232084 
 . . . }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 renders the judgment not final for purposes of appeal until the court disposes of the petition}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13794009\charrsid10232084  \endash  in }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 other words whether in such circumstances}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13794009\charrsid10232084  the 30-day period prescribed by }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 Rule 11(2)}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6244737\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084  Although }{\i\insrsid10232084 Healy}
{\insrsid10232084  considered the Supreme Court\rquote s interpretation of Supreme Court Rule 11(2), it has since been recognized that the reasoning of }{\i\insrsid10232084 Healy }{\insrsid10232084 
and its progeny are also applicable to interpretation of FRAP 4(b).  }{\i\insrsid10232084 See United States v. Bulgier}{\insrsid10232084 , 618 F.2d 472, 475 (7th Cir. 1980).  }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570491\charrsid10232084 
 begins to run from the date of entry of judgment or the denial of the petition for rehearing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 376 U.S. }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12404698\charrsid10232084 at}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084  77-78.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 The }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 Healy}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084  court }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 express}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 ed its approval of the practice of seeking rehearin
g at the District Court level, and eventually held that a motion for rehearing would toll the 30}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13794009\charrsid10232084 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 day period, reasoning that:}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 Of course speedy disposition of criminal cases is desirable, but to deprive the Government of the opportunity to petition a lower 
court for the correction of errors might, in some circumstances, actually prolong the process of litigation}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13794009\charrsid10232084  \endash  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 
since plenary consideration of a question of law here ordinarily consumes more time than disposition of a petition for rehearing}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13794009\charrsid10232084  \endash  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 and could, in some cases, impose an added and unnecessary burden of adjudication upon this Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 It would be senseless for this Court to pass on an issue while a motion for rehearing is pending below, and no significant saving of time would be achieved by altering the o
rdinary rule to the extent of compelling a notice of appeal to be filed while the petition for re}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 hearing is under consideration.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681 
\par }\pard \ql \fi720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13794009\charrsid10232084 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13794009\charrsid10232084  at }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 80.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 
These policy considerations seem sound, and are equally applicable to our interpretation of GRAP }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2823722\charrsid10232084 4(b)(1)(B) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 as they
 were in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 Healy}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5254202\charrsid10232084 s interpretation of Supreme Court Rule 11(2)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11215347 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [16]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 The reasoning of }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 Healy}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084  has subsequently been affirmed and expanded upon in two more recent United States Supreme Court }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 per curiam }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 cases: }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 United States v. Dieter}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 , }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11628260\charrsid10232084 429}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084  U.S. }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11628260\charrsid10232084 6}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084  (1976)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2518600\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084  and }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 United States v. Ibarra}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163364\charrsid10232084 , 502 U.S. 1 (1991).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 In }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 Ibarra}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 , the Government moved for reconsideration of the granting of a suppression motion solely on legal grounds which they had previously advanced, but later abandoned.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 501 U.S. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2518600\charrsid10232084 at}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084  3.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 The Supreme Court }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11628260\charrsid10232084 vacated the judgment of the Court of Appeals}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 , reasoning that:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5254202 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 
Undoubtedly some motions for reconsideration are so totally lacking in merit that the virtues of the rule established in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 Healy}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084  are not realized by delaying the 30-day period.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 If it were possible to p
ick them out in advance, it would be {\*\bkmkstart sp_780_7}{\*\bkmkstart SDU_7}{\*\bkmkend sp_780_7}better if litigants pursuing such motions were made to go sooner, rather than later, on their fruitless way to the appellate court.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 But there is no certain way of deciding in advance which motions f
or reconsideration have the requisite degree of merit, and which do not.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 
Given this, it is far better that all such motions be subsumed under one general rule}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2518600\charrsid10232084  \endash  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 the rule laid down in }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 Healy}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 Without a clear general rule litigants would be required to guess at their peril the date on which the time to appeal commences to run.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 Prudent attorneys would be encouraged to file notices of appeal from orders of the district court, even though the {\*\bkmkstart sp_708_7}
{\*\bkmkstart citeas__Cite_as__502_U_S__1___7__112_S_C}{\*\bkmkend SDU_7}{\*\bkmkend sp_708_7}{\*\bkmkend citeas__Cite_as__502_U_S__1___7__112_S_C}latter court is in the course of considering a motion for rehearing of the order.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 Less prudent attorneys would find themselves litigating in the courts of appea
ls whether a motion for reconsideration filed in the district court had sufficient potential merit to justify the litigant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 
s delay in pursuing appellate review.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 Neither }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 development would be desirable.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2518600\charrsid10232084 Id}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2518600\charrsid10232084 . at}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084  6-7 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084 emphasis added}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2518600\charrsid10232084 )}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2518600\charrsid10232084 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 internal citation omitted).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 This reasoning }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 is also applicable in this case.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 T}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 he People could have simultaneously sought both reconsideration of the }
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15030076\charrsid10232084 May 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084 and}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084  a Notice of Appeal for the same decision and order, but this course of action would have run the risk of ex
posing the People to two contrary mandates, and would have assuredly affected the speed}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 y disposition of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12348584\charrsid10232084  this case.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 T}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 he People}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084  claim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 
 that their challenge to the dismissal of the first charge against Rios necessarily signified a challenge to the dismissal of all the other charges dismissed in the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14303346\charrsid10232084 May 2010 Dec. & Order}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 
 Reply }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2518600\charrsid10232084 Br. at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 6.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 Although the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084  stated in its }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8411391\charrsid10232084 
June 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084  resolving the motions for reconsideration that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 
the People did not move for reconsideration of the dismissal of the other Charges dismissed in the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14303346\charrsid10232084 [May 2010 Dec. & Order]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2518600\charrsid10232084 
,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084  it would be unfair to hinge our determination of the propriety of the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 s Notice of Appeal on the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 s }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084 conclusion}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296889\charrsid10232084  of the issue}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2518600\charrsid10232084 .}{
\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296889\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084  Unsurprisingly, Gutierrez emphasizes the fact that the People did seek reconsideration of the \'93failure to plead\'94
 legal theory in their motion for reconsideration of the May 2010 Dec. & Order.  }{\i\insrsid10232084 See }{\insrsid10232084 Gutierrez Br. at 7; }{\i\insrsid10232084 see also}{\insrsid10232084  ER at 33 (June 20
10 Dec. & Order).  However, an examination of the June 2010 Dec. & Order reveals that the trial court did not dismiss the charges against Gutierrez }{\i\insrsid10232084\charrsid14496416 solely}{\insrsid10232084  on the \'93failure to plead\'94
 grounds advanced by Gutierrez in his brief, but }{\i\insrsid10232084 also}{\insrsid10232084  upon the \'93law of the case\'94 grounds which }{\i\insrsid10232084\charrsid5141262 were}{\insrsid10232084  appealed by the People.  }{\i\insrsid10232084 See }{
\insrsid10232084 ER at 37 (June 2010 Dec. & Order) (\'93The Second Charge was dismissed }{\i\insrsid10232084 both}{\insrsid10232084  because the People failed to allege that Defendant Gutierrez }{\i\insrsid10232084 
took the property of another which he was not entitled to infringe upon}{\insrsid10232084  and because the People \lquote fail[ed] to identify the statutory elements of the offense charged, Guilt Established by Complicity.\rquote \'94 (emphases added)). }
}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 ER }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2518600\charrsid10232084 at }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 33}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8411391\charrsid10232084  (June 2010 Dec. & Order)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 T}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 here is}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 
 also}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084  no indication that the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 s filing on June 18, 2010}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2518600\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084  was purposefully dilatory or otherwise improper in any way.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 See}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084 , e.g.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5191339\charrsid10232084 United States v. Walker}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5191339\charrsid10232084 
, 601 F.2d 1051, 1058-59 (9th Cir. 1979); }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5191339\charrsid10232084 United States v. St. Laurent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084 , 521 F.2d 506, 512 (1st Cir.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5191339\charrsid10232084  1975).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11215347\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [17]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084 
In light of these cases, we adopt the rule of the federal courts that where the People appeal a decision of a trial court in a criminal case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4741458\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084  a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7629842\charrsid10232084 ny}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084 
 timely motion for rehearing or reconsideration tolls the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084 running of the time for appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084 See Nilson Van & Storage Co. v. Marsh}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084 , 755 F.2d 362, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084735\charrsid10232084 3}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084 64 (4th Cir. 1985) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084 citing}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084  Dieter}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084 , 429 U.S. 6}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084735\charrsid10232084 ;}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084  Healy}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084 , 376 U.S. 75}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084 )}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 Applying this general rule}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084 , w}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084 e hold that the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8021478\charrsid10232084 People}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084 s Notice of Appeal }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084735\charrsid10232084 in the instant case }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084 was timely as to all the charges which were dismissed, both in the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8411391\charrsid10232084 May 2010 Dec. & Order}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15998814\charrsid10232084  and in the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8411391\charrsid10232084 June 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521493\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [18]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084 \tab This holding should not be taken as a ruling on the legal }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907311\charrsid10232084 accuracy}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084  of the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084 s dismissal of the various charges against Gutierrez under }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084 Hamling v. United States}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084 , 418 U.S. 87 (1974)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084735\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084  and }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084 Russell v. United States}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084 , 369 U.S. 749 (1962)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907311\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11628260\charrsid10232084  an issue }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907311\charrsid10232084 discusse}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11628260\charrsid10232084 d by Gutierrez elsewhere in his brief}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2626394\charrsid10232084 , but simply for the proposition that the Notice of Appeal filed by the People was not untimely.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907311\charrsid10232084 Gutierrez }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8063955\charrsid10232084 Br. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907311\charrsid10232084 at 4-6.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7500859\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [19]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 \tab We n}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084 ext}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084  review the merits of the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 
s orders dismissing the charges against the Appellees.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 The People argue that the trial court should not have relied on the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 law of the case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 
 doctrine to preclu}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7629842\charrsid10232084 d}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 e its reconsideration of the 2005 Orders because the Indictments in CF0216-04 and CF0401-05}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084  were sufficiently different.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 Moreover, even if the use of the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 law of the case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 
 doctrine by the trial court was proper, the People claim the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 s applicati
on of the doctrine was erroneous because there was a sufficient basis to depart from the doctrine to correct clear error and prevent manifest injustice}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084735\charrsid10232084 .}{
\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084  In their opening brief, the People further argued that collateral estoppel and }{\i\insrsid10232084 res judicata}{\insrsid10232084  did not b
ar the subsequent Indictment and that the court\rquote s order should have been overturned on those grounds.  }{\i\insrsid10232084 See}{\insrsid10232084  Appellant\rquote 
s Br. at 13-14.  However, at oral argument, the People admitted that these collateral estoppel and }{\i\insrsid10232084 res judicata}{\insrsid10232084  arguments were made in anti
cipation of what the People guessed the Appellees would argue.  As the Appellees made no mention of these doctrines, nor did the trial court ever purport to rely upon them, these arguments by the People are irrelevant to our determination of this case. }}
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3476881\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7500859\charrsid10232084 B.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6365728\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 Reliance on the}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7500859\charrsid10232084  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11629938\charrsid10232084 L}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7500859\charrsid10232084 aw of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11629938\charrsid10232084 C}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7500859\charrsid10232084 ase}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7500859\charrsid10232084  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11629938\charrsid10232084 D}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7500859\charrsid10232084 octrine
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [20]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 T}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7500859\charrsid10232084 he People }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 assert}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7500859\charrsid10232084 
 that the trial court erred in relying upon its 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7539316\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7500859\charrsid10232084 as continuing authority in this case.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 T}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 he People argue that the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 law of the case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
 doctrine was not properly evoked by the trial court }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 as}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 law}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  which was relied upon by the trial court (}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 the 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7539316\charrsid10232084 Orders}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 ) concerned an indictment brought under CF0216-04}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 , and that }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 the indictment here}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  filed under CF0401-05}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8793964\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  was sufficiently }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 different}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  to render any reliance on the 2005 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7539316\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 inappropriate.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14569856\charrsid10232084 The People contend that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14569856\charrsid10232084 t}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 he law of the case doctrine does not apply here because this case and the earlier case are not identical}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11629938\charrsid10232084  . . . .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 First, the indictments contain different charges}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11629938\charrsid10232084  . . . .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Second, the quality of the indictments differs.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14104963\charrsid10232084 Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14104963\charrsid10232084 s Br. at 9-10 (Aug. 1, 2010).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [21]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 In support}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  the People emphasize the following language from }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
People v. Hualde}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14569856\charrsid10232084 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Under the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 law of the case}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  doctrine, a court is generally precluded from reconsidering an issue that has already been decided by the same court, or a higher court }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 in the identical case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11215347\charrsid10232084 1999 Guam 3}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  \'b6 13 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11629938\charrsid10232084 (emphasis added) }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 (citation omitted}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11629938\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Several other persuasive authorities supplied by the People appear, by their language, to support this }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 identical}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
 language, which is the crux of the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s argument.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s Br. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid658288\charrsid10232084 at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 9 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid658288\charrsid10232084 quoting}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid658288\charrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 People v. Orallo}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11279297\charrsid10232084 , }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 2006 Guam 8 \'b6 5 (}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 [}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid658288\charrsid10232084 The }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
law of the case] should continue to govern the same issues in subsequent stages of }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 the same case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084  (emphasis added)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid658288\charrsid10232084 );}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 State v. Whelan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14821304\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  91 P.3d 1011, 1014 (Ariz. Ct. App. 2004) (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
[T]he doctrine applies in the context of }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 the same case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  throughout its entire duration}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid658288\charrsid10232084  . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  (emphasis added)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4419681\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid658288\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Tellingly, the People supply no persuasive authority where }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 legal analysis}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  supports the proposition that two cases must be }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 identical}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  in order for }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2845968\charrsid10232084 the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 use of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2845968\charrsid10232084 the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
law of the case doctrine to be appropriate; the argument is supported only by citation to plain language.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [22]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
The law of the case doctrine generally acts as a channel of a trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s discretion rather than as a limit on a trial court}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s power; however, the doctrine is more compelling on remand, where an appellate court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s prior ruling controls further proceeding}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8277799\charrsid10232084 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
 in the trial court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8277799\charrsid10232084 See}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2845968\charrsid10232084 Messinger v. Anderson}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2845968\charrsid10232084 ,\~225 U.S. 436, 443-44 (1912)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 ; }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 United States v. Quintieri}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 , 306 F.3d 1217, 1225\~(2d Cir. 2002);}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2845968\charrsid10232084  United States v. Melendez-Carrion}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2845968\charrsid10232084 , 820 F.2d 56, 60 n.1\~(2d Cir. 1987)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Although the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s framing of the doctrine is correct, the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
s implicit argument (that issues presented to a trial court must be}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8277799\charrsid10232084  in every respect}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 identical}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  to issue}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8277799\charrsid10232084 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  previously considered in order for reliance on }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 law of the case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  to be proper) is contradicted by federal case law.
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [23]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 The }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 distinctness}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
 of the second indictment in this case (characterized either as }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 superseding}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  or as }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 new}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084  The Guam Code does not provide any specific procedure for the issuance of \'93superseding\'94
 indictments, nor does it define how such indictments are to interact with original indictments.  }{\i\insrsid10232084 See, e.g.}{\insrsid10232084\charrsid13053294 ,}{\i\insrsid10232084  United States v. Hickey}{\insrsid10232084 
, 580 F.3d 922, 932-33 (9th Cir. 2009) (Reinhardt, J., specially concurring) (examining terminology used to discuss \'93new\'94 indictments).}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
) was an issue argued at length by the parties in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084 , although}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  court did not reach the issue in }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2845968\charrsid10232084 its }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 opinion.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14821304\charrsid10232084 ,}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2845968\charrsid10232084 2008 Guam 22 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 \'b6 10.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Regardless, in similar situations federal courts have held that the law of the case doctrine }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 is}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  applicable to arguments which are similar to those made previously: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4356983\charrsid10232084 [E]}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 ven if the court called the second indictment the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 new}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  indictment instead of the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 superseding}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  indictment}{
\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084  A section of }{\i\insrsid10232084 O\rquote Neill}{\insrsid10232084  not reproduced here discusses characterizations of \'93superseding\'94 and 
\'93new\'94 indictments under federal law, but ultimately finds the distinction immaterial.  52 F. Supp. 2d at 958-59.}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4356983\charrsid10232084  . . . . }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 the defendants are collaterally estopped (or prohibited by the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
law of the case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  doctrine) from relitigating these issues absent new information not previously before the court.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 United States v. O}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Neill}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 , 52 F. Supp. 2d 954, 959 (E.D. Wis. 1994) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770695\charrsid10232084 (}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 citing}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  United States v. Rosenberger}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
, 872 F.2d 240, 242 (8th Cir. 1989) (collateral estoppel); }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Smith v. United States}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
, 406 A.2d 1262, 1263-64 (D.C. 1979) (law of the case doctrine); }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 United States v. Thoresen}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 , {\*\bkmkstart OLE_LINK3}
{\*\bkmkstart OLE_LINK4}428 F.2d 654{\*\bkmkend OLE_LINK3}{\*\bkmkend OLE_LINK4}, 6}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6557501\charrsid10232084 66}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 -}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6557501\charrsid10232084 67}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  (9th Cir. 1970) (no relitigation by virtue of superseding indictment); }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 United States v. Yung}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 , 786 F. Supp. 1561, 1564-65 (D. Kan. 1992)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770695\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 

\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [24]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 The }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Thoresen }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 case directly addressed legal contentions equivalent to the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 different charges}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  argument presented by the People here: }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 [The Thoresens}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084  The }{\i\insrsid10232084 Thoresen}{
\insrsid10232084  case concerned both a Mr. Thoresen and a Mrs. Thoresen, both of whom were criminal defendants.}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 ] advance here [that]}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6378073\charrsid10232084  . . . }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 they are entitled to a new hearing and new determination even though no new evidence will be produced}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6378073\charrsid10232084  . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 In our opinion, the circumstances that Thoresen}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s suppression hearing was under a superseded indictment does not entitle him to relitigate the issues there decided.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Thoresen}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2188483\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6378073\charrsid10232084 428 F.2d at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 667.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4160852\charrsid10232084 This }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 holding in }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Thoresen}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084 undercuts the}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s argument that the trial court}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s use of the law of the case doctrine was }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 per se}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  erroneous}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084  because there was a superseding indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 

\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [25]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084 T}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 he People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s a}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084 ssertion that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s use of the law of the case doctrine}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084  was erroneous because the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084 quality}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084  of the Indictments differs i}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6378073\charrsid10232084 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084  likewise misplaced.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084 T}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 he People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084  appear to}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  argue}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084  that since}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  the 2005 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11755970\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 were premised on }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 suffici}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084 ency of the indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084  grounds,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  and the trial court in its }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11755970\charrsid10232084 
June 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  found that the first charge of the new indictment was adequately plead}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6378073\charrsid10232084 ed}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 , it was therefore incorrect to rely on the 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11755970\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
as law of the case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2188483\charrsid10232084 ER }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6378073\charrsid10232084 at }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2188483\charrsid10232084 35}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11755970\charrsid10232084  (June 2010 Dec. & Order)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2188483\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 This seems to be a reasonable argument;}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084  that the}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  law of the case on one issue does not and should not control the same court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s rulings on a separate issue.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 However, the record}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084  does not support this characterization.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [26]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 \tab The}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084  People cite a}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  portion of }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084  where }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084 [t]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
he court found that, as a matter of law, the People could not show that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Defendant Gutierrez received property to which he was not pr
ivileged to infringe,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  which resulted in the omission of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 a necessary element of the Defined Contributions}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
charges.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '"}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10758373\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6378073\charrsid10232084 2008 Guam 22 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 \'b6 2}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6378073\charrsid10232084  (emphasis omitted)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Although this section of the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  opinion }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084 standing alone }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
can arguably be taken to indicate that the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  court characterized the 2005 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11142255\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 as based on}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11142255\charrsid10232084  the}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  sufficiency of the indictment, a later section of }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
 points to a different conclusion:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 In reaching this conclusion, we must first examine the nature of the dismissal of the first indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 The dismissal was apparently the result of the prosecution}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
s failure to show that Gutierrez violated the law.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
More specifically, the court found that the indictment and subsequent memoranda failed to show that Gutierrez was}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5206214\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 not }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 privileged to infringe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
 on retirement account funds by retroactively enrolling in the Defined Contributions Plan.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
Although nothing in the record indicates what statutory authority the court relied upon in dismissing the indictment, the dismissal most likely falls under 8 GCA }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5206214\charrsid10232084 \'a7}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  45.80}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5206214\charrsid10232084  . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Alternatively, the court may have simply decided as a matter of law that no crime was committed, similar to a demurrer under California law.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 The court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s reference to a }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 privilege to infringe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
 suggests that it did not consider the Defendants}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  activities to be criminal as a matter of law.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
The dismissal of the first indictment is therefore accurately described as an order setting aside an indictment or granting Defendants summary judgment on an indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 The question is whether a dismissal of this type is appealable under 8 GCA }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5206214\charrsid10232084 \'a7 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 130.20(a)(5). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770695\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5206214\charrsid10232084 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  \'b6 11 (emphasis added}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5206214\charrsid10232084 )}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5206214\charrsid10232084 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 citation omitted).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770695\charrsid10232084 T}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 he }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s characterization of the 2005 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4981029\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 is further supported by the text of the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4981029\charrsid10232084 
May 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 :
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 The People say the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171821\charrsid10232084 y}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
 have remedied this problem in the current indictment by alleging more detailed acts of deception than appeared in the first indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
However, simply alleging more detailed acts does not rise to the standard of alleging theft of the property of another.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
The Court dismissed the first indictment in this case because the People [were] unable to cite any authority that Defendant Gutierrez was not eligible for the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Defined Contributions}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  plan, or that he could not join retroactively.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 The Peop
le have not cured this defect. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770695\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 ER }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5206214\charrsid10232084 at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 24 (citation omitted).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084 T}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 hese excerpts from }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  and from }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13196891\charrsid10232084 the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4981029\charrsid10232084 May 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084  expose}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  two flaws with the People}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s second }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
law of the case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  argument }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10487659\charrsid10232084 based on the}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 sufficiency of the indictment}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13196891\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 First, it is evident that the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4981029\charrsid10232084 May 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  was premised on legal grounds identical to those relied upon in the 2005 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4981029\charrsid10232084 Orders}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
Second, the legal basis for the dismissal was not simply failure to plead an element of a crime or }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 insufficiency of the indictment}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13196891\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 
 but rather that under any potential phrasing the People could not present a set of facts which would make }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 this}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  conduct }
{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 this}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  crime.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Disregarding the larger issue of whether or not this second }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 conclusion}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  is correct for the moment, the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 s }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1061020\charrsid10232084 reliance on}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  the law of the case doctrine was appropriate.
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 The parties, the trial court, the alleged facts underlying the charges, and most importantly }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 the dispositive legal theories}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  used in the 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4981029\charrsid10232084 Orders }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 are identical to those which are us}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4160852\charrsid10232084 ed in the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4981029\charrsid10232084 M
ay and June 2010 Decisions and Orders}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 Even assuming }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 arguendo}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084  that the legal conclusions of the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1061020\charrsid10232084 
 in the 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4981029\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759\charrsid10232084 were incorrect, use of the law of the case doctrine was proper.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971759 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 C}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 .}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6365728\charrsid10232084 \tab }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 A}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 pplication of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13196891\charrsid10232084 L}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 aw of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13196891\charrsid10232084 C}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 ase}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13196891\charrsid10232084 D}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 octrine
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [27]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 Although the trial court}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 s reliance on the law of the case doctrine was proper}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13196891\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084  we still must evaluate whether }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13196891\charrsid10232084 the court }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 
committed legal error in its application of the doctrine.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 The issue of whether the trial court correctly }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 applied}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084  the law of the case doctrine is distinct from the threshold issue of whether it was }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 appropriate}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084  t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770695\charrsid10232084 o use the doctrine in this case}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 It is possible that even if the trial court was correct in }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 relying}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084  on the doctrine, its }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 application}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084  of the doctrine was incorrect, and therefore error.
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [28]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
The People contend that the trial court committed legal error in applying the law of the case doctrine}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084  for two reasons}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084  Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 s Br}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10758373\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13196891\charrsid10232084 at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 14-1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15101700\charrsid10232084 6}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
First, the People argue that the trial court erred in its reasoning in issuing the 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4981029\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 
and impermissibly decided a factual issue reserved for the jury}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4981029\charrsid10232084 Id.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 Second, the People argue that the trial court }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084 perpetuated its error by}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  relying on the 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4981029\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 in the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4981029\charrsid10232084 May and June 2010 Decisions and Orders}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 Although these arguments are closely r
elated (and co-mingled by the parties in their briefing)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9506530\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  different legal standards}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314213\charrsid10232084  of review}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  apply to each of these arguments.
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12024173\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 1.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 The 2005 Orders
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [29]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 After the issuance of the 2005 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524271\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 the People appealed them to the Guam Supreme Court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 
 in C}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9506530\charrsid10232084 RA}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 05-008}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084 
 It is clear that this court may take notice of court records relating to prior appeals.  Rule 201(b)(2) of the Guam Rules of Evidence permits judicial notice of a fact that is \'93
not subject to reasonable dispute in that it is . . . capable of accurate and ready determination by resort to sources whose accuracy cannot reasonably be questioned.\'94  Guam R. Evid. 201(b)(2).  Further, \'93
a court may take judicial notice of its own records in other cases . . . .\'94  }{\i\insrsid10232084 United States v. Wilson}{\insrsid10232084 , 631 F.2d 118, 119 (9th Cir. 1980); }{\i\insrsid10232084 see also Kasey v. Molybdenum Corp. of Am.}{
\insrsid10232084 , 336 F.2d 560 (9th Cir. 1964).}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  using similar legal arguments to those presented in this appeal.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 s Br. (CRA05-008) filed Aug. 11, 2005 at 9 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
Fact issues are the province of the jury.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 No facts, either way, were ever presented to the jury}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524271\charrsid10232084  . . . }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 what the trial court did is perhaps most analogous to the improper grant of a summary judgment}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524271\charrsid10232084  . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 ); }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 see also}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770695\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 Reply Br. (CRA05-008) filed Sep}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524271\charrsid10232084 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 . 20, 2005 at 12 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 The trial court erred hugely, as a mat
ter of law, by dismissing the case without even giving the People the opportunity to present the facts, all of which would put any legal issues in proper perspective.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11737605\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
Subsequent to the submission of CRA05-008 to this court, but before an opinion was rendered, the People moved for and received a voluntary dismissal of the appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524271\charrsid10232084 Mot. }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 for Voluntary Dismissal (CRA05-008) filed Oct. 27, 2005; }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 see also}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  Order Granting Voluntary Dismissal (CRA05-008) (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 2005 Dismissal Order}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 ) filed Nov. 8, 2005.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
The voluntary dismissal was via operation of G}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11737605\charrsid10232084 RAP}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  6(c)(2)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11737605\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  which, at the time, read in pertinent part: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 An Appeal may [be] dismissed on motion of the Appellant on such terms as may be agreed upon by the parties or fixed by the court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  2005 Dismissal Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6176408\charrsid10232084  at}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  1.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
The 2005 Dismissal Order noted that the federal rule analogous to GRAP 6(c)(2) is }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11737605\charrsid10232084 FRAP}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  42.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10758373\charrsid10232084 Id.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [30]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 \tab 
Federal courts interpreting FRAP 42 have found the voluntary dismissal of an appeal by the government does not bar a subsequent indictment against the same defendant based on the same facts}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11737605\charrsid10232084 .}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084 
 This statement is not universal; dismissal of an appeal }{\i\insrsid10232084 with prejudice}{\insrsid10232084  (either by agreement of the parties or by the language of the appellate order dismissing the appeal) would likely bar further litigation 
of the issues brought in the first appeal.  The 2005 Dismissal Order in this case does not indicate whether the dismissal is with or without prejudice.  }{\i\insrsid10232084\charrsid1643458 See}{\insrsid10232084  2005 Dismissal Order at 2.   }}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 See United States v. Senak}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 , 477 F.2d 304, 306\~(7th Cir. 1973).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 However, by the same token}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10758373\charrsid10232084 :}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 A}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  timely notice of appeal is essential to appellate jurisdiction.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16452592\charrsid10232084 Browder v. Dir., Dep}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16452592\charrsid10232084 t of Corr. of Ill.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16452592\charrsid10232084 , 434 U.S. 257 (1978).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
A notice of appeal filed and dismissed voluntarily is gone, no more effective in conferring jurisdiction on a court than a notice never filed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16452592\charrsid10232084 Williams v. United States}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16452592\charrsid10232084 , 553 F.2d 420 (5th Cir. 1977).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 Attempts to resurrect notices of appeal must be treated the same as belated notices of appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 The time limits for filing an appeal require the losing party to choose between accepting the judgment and pursuing appellate review.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 The loser may not dither.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
Filing and dismissing an appeal prevents appellate review, and we do not think that it should place the judgment in limbo-open to review whenever the losing side changes its mind.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 The structure of the rules is set against such delay and uncertainty.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 Barrow v. Falck}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 , 977 F.2d 1100, 1103 (7th Cir. 1992) (emphasis added).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 Thus, while }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2451349\charrsid10232084 the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 People have}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084  not}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  waived their right to appeal the}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6688777\charrsid10232084 May and June 2010 Decisions and Orders}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 
 which rely on the 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6688777\charrsid10232084 Orders}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
, it would be improper to treat what is essentially a second bite at the appellate apple on the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084  2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6688777\charrsid10232084 Orders }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 in the same manner as a timely appeal would have been treated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
As the 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6688777\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 were effectively never appealed}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2451349\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084  they should not be treated as fresh legal conclusions of the trial court to be reviewed }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 de novo}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 , but }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2451349\charrsid10232084 rather }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
as law which has stood up to this point and which is not currently appealable via operation of the relevant timing rules.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12148290\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6365728\charrsid10232084 2.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 2010 Orders}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [31]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 law of the case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
\chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084 
 In this context, \'93law of the case\'94 is defined as a trial court reconsidering a decision on which it has previously ruled but upon which a controlling appellate court has not ruled.}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 is a discretionary doctrine (rather than a strict limitation on appellate review, as a jurisdictional rule would be)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 and there are certain circumstances where departure from}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084  the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  law of t}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 he case would be appropriate}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 1) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 where }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 the first decision was clearly erroneous; }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 2) }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 where }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 an intervening change in the law has occurred; }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 (}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 3) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 where }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 
the evidence on remand is substantially different; }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 4) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 
where }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 other changed circumstances exist; or }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 5) }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 where }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 a manifest injustice would otherwise result.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 Hualde}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 , 1999 Guam 3 \'b6 13 (citing }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 
United States v. Alexander}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448776\charrsid10232084 , 106 F.3d 874, 876 (9th Cir. 1997)); }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907311\charrsid10232084 see also}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 Arizona v. California}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 , 460 U.S. 605}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2837545\charrsid10232084 , 618 n.8}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084  (1983).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [32]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 T}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 he trial court stated in its }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8211329\charrsid10232084 June 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  that }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 [w]ithout reconsidering the July 20, 2005 and July 25, 2005 Orders, the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8211329\charrsid10232084 
[c]ourt}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 , under the law of the case doctrine, is precluded from reconsidering its determination that the People could not prove that Defendant Gutierrez was not entitled to infringe upo
n the property of the Fund.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  ER }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15489365\charrsid10232084 at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 37.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
This statement is correct if the limited exceptions listed above are not applicable in this case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
On the other hand, if one of the listed exceptions is applicable in this case, then the trial court erred i}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15489365\charrsid10232084 n}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  applyi
ng the law of the case doctrine here.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [33]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
Of the three exceptions, the People rely only on the argument that the 2005 rulings were clear error and that allowing the error to continue would be a manifest injustice as it}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 prejudicially}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  hinders the P}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 eople}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 s prosecution function}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15489365\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Reply }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15489365\charrsid10232084 Br. at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 3-6}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5712959\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 It bears repeating }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 that}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  the People must demonstrate not merely that the 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8211329\charrsid10232084 Orders }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 were incorrect, but that they were }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 clear}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 ly}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 erroneous}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 When considering departing from }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2780918\charrsid10232084 the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 law of the case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15489365\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 [i]t is not enough}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15489365\charrsid10232084  . . . }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 that [a party] could now make a more persuasive argument}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15489365\charrsid10232084  . . . }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 than we would have thought likely when t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 he case was [before the court]}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10887950\charrsid10232084 . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10887950\charrsid10232084 The }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 law of the case will be disregarded only when the court has }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
a clear conviction of error}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  with respect to a point of law}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10887950\charrsid10232084  . . . .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 See Fogel v. Chestnutt}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 , 668 F.2d 100, 109 (2d Cir. 1981) }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5712959\charrsid10232084 (citing }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Zdanok v. Glidden}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10887950\charrsid10232084  Co.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 , 327 F.2d 944, 951-53 (2d Cir. 1964)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15489365\charrsid10232084 ;}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  White v. Higgins}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 , 116 F.2d 312, 317 (1st Cir. 1940)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5712959\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [34]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
The first charge of the first indictment accused Rios of committing the crime of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 theft by deception}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  citing to several Guam statutes, all of which contained the element of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 property of another.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10623788\charrsid10232084 Appellee }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14642553\charrsid10232084 Rios}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10887950\charrsid10232084 
Supplemental }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Excerpts of Record (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10887950\charrsid10232084 S}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 ER}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 ) at 2}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8211329\charrsid10232084 
 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15891543\charrsid10232084 Sealed Indictment, July 1, 200}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14361262\charrsid10232084 4}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8211329\charrsid10232084 )}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The first charge of the second indictment similarly accuses Rios of }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 theft by deception}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 and cites statutes which contain the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 property of another}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  element.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 ER at 5}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8211329\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15891543\charrsid10232084 (Superseding Indictment, Dec. 23, 2005)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 In the 2005 order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6176408\charrsid10232084 s}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 , the trial court based its conclusion primarily on the language of former 9 GCA \'a7 43.10(a)}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote 
\pard\plain \s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084  Now codified at 9 GCA 
\'a7 43.10(e) (2005).}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 , which (in relevant part) defines }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
property of another}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  as }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 property in which any person other than the 
defendant has an interest which the defendant is not privileged to infringe, regardless of the fact that the defendant also has an interest in the property}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983926\charrsid10232084  . . . .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  9 GCA \'a7 43.10(e)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10887950\charrsid10232084  (2005)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Using this definition, the trial court concluded that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084 because}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
the People are unable to cite any authority that Defendant Gutierrez was not eligible for the Defined Contributions plan, or that he could not join retroactively}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11485276\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 as a matter of law,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 
 the People could not show that Defendant Gutierrez received property to which he was}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 not privileged to infringe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983926\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 See }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983926\charrsid10232084 S}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 ER at 10-11}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14642553\charrsid10232084  (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5077030\charrsid10232084 Dec. & }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14642553\charrsid10232084 Order, Jul}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3934841\charrsid10232084 y }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14642553\charrsid10232084 20, 2005}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5077030\charrsid10232084  (}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5077030\charrsid10232084 July 2005 Dec. & Order 1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14642553\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10623788\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 ; 9 GCA \'a7 43.10(e).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The key question, therefore, is whether }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 not privileged to infringe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 is a factual element of the charges in the indictment (as the People argue), or whether the trial court was justified in deciding the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5712959\charrsid10232084 issue as a matter of law (an interpretation}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  which the Appellees support).
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [35]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 T}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 he trial court relied upon the cases of }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Jenkins v. State}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
, 898 So. 2d 1134 (Fla. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13846629\charrsid10232084 Dist. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Ct. App. 2005)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13846629\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  and }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Williams v. State}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 , 711 So.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3934841\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 2d 41 (Fla. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13846629\charrsid10232084 Dist. }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Ct. App. 1998)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13846629\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 as persuasive authority to support its ultimate conclusion that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
as a matter of law, the People cannot show that Defendant Gutierrez received property to which he was not privileged to infringe.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 See}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13846629\charrsid10232084 S}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 ER at 10-11}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5077030\charrsid10232084  (July 2010 Dec. & Order 1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10623788\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 This legal conclusion was also based on the court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 s finding that }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 the People are unable to cite any authority that Defendant Gutierrez was not eligible for the Defined Contributions }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5077030\charrsid10232084 Plan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 , or that he could not join retroactively.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Id.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15101700\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15101700\charrsid10232084 at 10}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  (emphasis }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15881869\charrsid10232084 omitted}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 ).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Rios continues to rely almost entirely on }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Jenkins}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  and }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Williams}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  in support of his arguments that the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6974522\charrsid10232084 trial}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 s 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5077030\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 were proper.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10623788\charrsid10232084 
Appellee }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14642553\charrsid10232084 Rios}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14642553\charrsid10232084  Br}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15881869\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14642553\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10623788\charrsid10232084 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10623788\charrsid10232084 Rios}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10623788\charrsid10232084  Br.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10623788\charrsid10232084 ) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15881869\charrsid10232084 at}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  9-11.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The People argue, relying on }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 People v. Ochoa}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 , 282 Cal. Rptr. 805 (Ct. App. 1991), that the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 not privileged to infringe}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15101700\charrsid10232084  determination}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  is an issue of }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 fact}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  and not one of }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 law}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084 
 Both the trial court and the Appellees note that this position is an apparent reversal of an earlier position taken by the People.  }{\i\insrsid10232084 See }{\insrsid10232084 SER at 10 (July 2005 Dec. & Order 1); Rios\rquote  Br. at 11. }}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 See }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 s Br. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7671480\charrsid10232084 at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 14-16.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 From this distinction, the People }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 assert}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  that the trial court usurped the function of the jury when it converted what was essentially a factual finding into a legal conclusion.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 ; }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 see also}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  Reply }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7671480\charrsid10232084 Br. at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 3-6.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Additionally, the People }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 submit}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  that reliance on }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Jenkins}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  and }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Williams}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  is inappropriate based on differences between Guam law and similar statutes in other jurisdiction}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5712959\charrsid10232084 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Reply 
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7671480\charrsid10232084 Br. at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15101700\charrsid10232084 4}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 -6. 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 [36]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5133394\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The People}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 s argument that the trial court erred in relying on }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Jenkins }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 and }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Williams}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 based on textual differences between Guam law (descended from the Model Penal Code) and Florida law (descended from the common law) is not supported by the authorities the People cite.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Reply }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7671480\charrsid10232084 Br. at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 3-4.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 It does appear, from the excerpts presented by the People, that the language of 9 GCA \'a7 43.10(e) is based on the lang
uage of section 223.0(7) of the Model Penal Code.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Reply }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7671480\charrsid10232084 Br. at }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 3.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
However, the divergence between statutes based upon the language of the Model Penal Code and those statutes based on the common law is }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 not}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  based on the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 not privileged to infringe}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  language which is at issue in this case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The New York case cited by the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14778124\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 People v. Zinke}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 , states the following in the context of the history of the New York statute:
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 In 1965, the Legislature put to rest all possible doubt on this score.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
The Model Penal Code, completed in 1962, had rejected the common-law view by defining larceny as stealing }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 property of another,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  which was in turn defined as property }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 in which any person other than the actor has an interest}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7671480\charrsid10232084  * * * }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 regardless of the fact that the actor also has an interest in the property}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  (Model Penal Code \'a7 223.0[7].)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The purpose of this provision was to permit }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
a person ordinarily considered the owner of property}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7671480\charrsid10232084  * * * }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 [to] be convicted of theft}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7671480\charrsid10232084  * * * }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Thus, a partner may be convicted of theft of partnership property.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " 
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 (Model Penal Code \'a7 223.2, revised comment, at 169 [1980].) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5712959\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9962113\charrsid10232084 555 N.E.2d 263, 265 (N.Y. 1990)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  (emphasis added).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Thus the divergence that }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Zinke}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 discusses is based not on the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 not privileged to infringe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  language but instead on the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 regardless of the fact}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  language emphasized above.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 From this language}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12666035\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  and the text of the}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6176408\charrsid10232084  July}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8801353\charrsid10232084  20,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 2005 order, it is misleading for the People to argue that the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
s reasoning was based on any misapprehension of the textual differences between }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Model Penal Code derived}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  and }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 common law derived
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  statutes.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8801353\charrsid10232084 See}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8801353\charrsid10232084  SER at 10 (July 2010 Dec. & Order 1).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
It is more likely that the trial court recognized that although under the Guam code a defendant }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 could}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 be found guilty for committing a crime wherein the property of a co-owner was taken}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8219605\charrsid10232084 ,}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024173 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid10232084 \chftn }{\insrsid10232084 
 This would be an impossible result under the New York law discussed in }{\i\insrsid10232084 Zinke}{\insrsid10232084  and }{\i\insrsid10232084 People v. Rosenfeld}{\insrsid10232084 , 844 N.Y.S.2d 587, 592 n.9 (N.Y. Sup. Ct. 2007).}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  such a prosecution would }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 only}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  be possible }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 if}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  the same defendant was }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 not privileged to infringe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  on the property taken.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 See Rios I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12666035\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8219605\charrsid10232084 2008 Guam 22 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 \'b6 11 (}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 The dismissal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8219605\charrsid10232084  . . . }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 is}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8219605\charrsid10232084  . . . }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 
accurately described as an order setting aside an indictment or granting Defendants summary judgment on an indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 )}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12666035\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 not privileged to infringe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 clause of the law was what the trial court emphasized in its orders, and it is interpretation of this clause }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5712959\charrsid10232084 which}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  control
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5712959\charrsid10232084 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  this appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 See }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8219605\charrsid10232084 S}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 ER }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8219605\charrsid10232084 at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 10-11}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15293516\charrsid10232084  (July 2005 Dec. & Order 1)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10363388\charrsid10232084 [37]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10363388\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 A}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 part from the distinction discussed above, there are few textual distinctions between the law interpreted in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Jenkins }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 and }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Williams}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  and the law interpreted }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 here}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The }
{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Jenkins}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  court held that: 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 In order to prove that appellant committed theft, the State was required to prove that appellant (1) knowingly, (2) obtained or endeavored to obtain, (3) }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 the property of another,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  (4) with the intent to permanently or temporarily deprive the other person of the property.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The State failed to present any evidence that appellant obtained }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 the property of another}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 because it failed to prove that appellant was not entitled to the benefits the employer paid him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
In order to support a theft conviction, the evidence must show that someone other than the defendant owned the subject property.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
One with an ownership interest in property cannot commit theft in taking it. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5712959\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8219605\charrsid10232084 898 So. 2d at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 1135 (citations omitted).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 This definition of theft was taken from Fl}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8219605\charrsid10232084 a.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  Sta}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8219605\charrsid10232084 t.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  \'a7 812.014(1)(a) & (2)(c)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8219605\charrsid10232084  (2000)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 The immediately }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12666035\charrsid10232084 preceding}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 section of the Florida Statutes, section 812.012, defines }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 property of another}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  as follows: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
property in which a person has an interest upon which another person is }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 not privileged to infringe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  without co
nsent, whether or not the other person also has an interest in the property.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 F}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8219605\charrsid10232084 la. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 S}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8219605\charrsid10232084 tat.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  \'a7 812.012(5) (emphasis added).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 This definition of }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 property of another}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 is similar to what is }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 provided in the Guam Code}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Compare}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  F}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10051588\charrsid10232084 la. Stat.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  \'a7 812.012(5) }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 with}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  9 GCA \'a7 43.10(e) (}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 property in which any person other than the defendant has an interest which the defendant is }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 not privileged to infringe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 , regardless of the fact that the defendant also has an interest in the property}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10051588\charrsid10232084  . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  (emphasis added)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10051588\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 

\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10363388\charrsid10232084 [38]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 \tab In contrast, the language of the California statute discussed in }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 People v. Ochoa}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  is not similar to the language interpreted here.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10051588\charrsid10232084 282 Cal. Rptr. at 809}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Ochoa }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 court defined the crime of }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 welfare fraud}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907311\charrsid10232084 in the following }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6557501\charrsid10232084 way}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5712959 

\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5712959\charrsid10232084 W}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 e read the unambiguous lan
guage of the statute as setting forth three elements which comprise the crime of welfare fraud: (1) a false statement or representation, impersonation or other fraudulent device; (2) which statement, representation, impersonation or other device results i
n the obtaining or retention of aid}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10051588\charrsid10232084  . . . }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
and (3) which aid was obtained for or retained by one not in fact entitled thereto.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
Thus, nonentitlement to the aid obtained or received is clearly an element of the crime of welfare fraud. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5712959\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10051588\charrsid10232084 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 This holding constr
ues section 10980 of the California Welfare and Institutions Code}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10051588\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  which reads: }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12263158\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Whenever any person has, willfully and knowingly, with the intent to deceive, by means of false statement
 or representation, or by failing to disclose a material fact, or by impersonation or other fraudulent device, obtained or retained aid under the provisions of this division for himself or herself or for a child not in fact entitled thereto, the person ob
taining this aid shall be punished as follows}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10051588\charrsid10232084 [.]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12263158\charrsid10232084 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10232084 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Cal. Welf. & Inst. Code \'a7 10980}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10051588\charrsid10232084 (c) (2001)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Although this statute does speak in terms of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 non-entitlement}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  which can fairly be described as equivalent to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
something which a person is not privileged to infringe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 the text of the law is clearly dissimilar to both }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 9 GCA \'a7 43.10(e)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  and to the Florida statute}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12666035\charrsid10232084 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  discussed earlier.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The statute also is not couched in terms of defining }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 property of another}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  within }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12263158\charrsid10232084 the}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  larger }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12263158\charrsid10232084 definition}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  of }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 theft}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  but rather}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12263158\charrsid10232084  describes}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  a separate stand-alone crime.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10363388\charrsid10232084 [39]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 T}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 he trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084  appears to have}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 
 based its orders upon the similarities between the Florida statute construed in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Jenkins}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  and 9 GCA \'a7 43.10(e).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 From these similarities, the trial court then ruled that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 as a matter of law, the People cannot show that Defendant Gutierrez received property to which he was not privileged to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12263158\charrsid10232084 
infringe.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 S}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 ER }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 10-11 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445435\charrsid10232084 July 2005 Dec. & Order 1}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 ).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Although this was o}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 bviously not a necessary result, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 we discern}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084  no}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 clear error}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084  in the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 s ruling.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 See Fogel}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 , 668 F.2d }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 109}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12263158\charrsid10232084  (citing}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084  Zdanok}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 , 327 F.2d }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 at }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 951-53}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 ;}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084  Higgins}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 , 116 F.2d }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 317}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12263158\charrsid10232084 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 E}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 ven though the facts of this case and }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 those in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Jenkins}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  are not identical}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12263158\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  the relevant portions of the two}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084  relevant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  statutes are virtually indistinguishable.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 The }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 Ochoa}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  case is not as close}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 , and the laws considered therein are not sufficiently similar to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 9 GCA \'a7 43.10(e) }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 to convince us that the trial court }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 usurped the function of the jury}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 s Br. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 14-16; Reply }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 Br. at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14942455\charrsid10232084 3-6.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 C}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 lear error}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 is the standard for reversal of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9514438\charrsid10232084 a }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 decision based on }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9514438\charrsid10232084 the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 law of the case}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9514438\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084  and the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 lack of clear error}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084  here}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084  means that the trial court}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11602474\charrsid10232084 s orders must be affirmed}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9791567\charrsid10232084 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10363388\charrsid10232084 [40]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 Th}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 e People have failed to prove that the orders of the trial court were clearly erroneous}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 ;}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084  therefore,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  this court does not proceed to the merits of the other arguments asserted by Gutierrez concerning the effects of }
{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 Hamling}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 , 418 U.S. 87}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  and }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 Russell}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 , 369 U.S. 749.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 Since}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 
 the dismissals of the charges against Gutierrez were at least partially based upon the law of the cas}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12263158\charrsid10232084 e analysis discussed above}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8025225\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12263158\charrsid10232084  those dismissals}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  will stand.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 See }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 ER at 37}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445435\charrsid10232084  (June 2010 Dec. & Order)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 The Second Charge was dismissed }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 both}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 
 because the People failed to allege that Defendant Gutierrez }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 took the property of another which he was not entitled to infringe upon}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  and because the People }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 
fail[ed] to identify the statutory elements of the offense charged, Guilt Established by Complicity.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '"}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  (emphas}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 e}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 s added)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 )}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 .
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10363388\charrsid10232084 [41]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 \tab One final issue is }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 
whether the dismissals should be with or without prejudice}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 
The trial court in its }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445435\charrsid10232084 May 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  stated that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 [t]he decision as to whether these dismissals are with or without prejudice will be decided later upon hearing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 " }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445435\charrsid10232084 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445435\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 at }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 30.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 The }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445435\charrsid10232084 June 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  did not resolve the issue of the characterization of the dismissal.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1328892\charrsid10232084 The case will be remanded to the trial court for the limited purpose of determining how these dismissals are to be characterized. }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7500266\charrsid10232084 {\*\bkmkstart SR_1860}{\*\bkmkstart SR_1863}{\*\bkmkstart SR_1865}{\*\bkmkend SR_1860}{\*\bkmkend SR_1863}{\*\bkmkend SR_1865}
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5202258\charrsid10232084 V.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5202258\charrsid10232084 C}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4133427\charrsid10232084 ONCLUSION}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5202258\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10363388\charrsid10232084 [42]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10363388\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 
The Notice of Appeal filed by the People in this case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084  on June 18, 2010}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 
 was timely as to all the dismissals contemplated by the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14963190\charrsid10232084 May 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  and within the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14963190\charrsid10232084 June 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 T}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 he filing of a motion to reconsider the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14963190\charrsid10232084 
May 2010 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 tolled the normal }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 30-}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 day time limit for the People to file a Notice of Appeal under }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 GRAP}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  4(b)(1)(B)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 , and the Notice of Appeal was filed within 30 days after the June 2010 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14963190\charrsid10232084 Dec. & Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4485471\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10363388\charrsid10232084 [43]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10363388\charrsid10232084 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084 The trial court }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 did not err by}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  utilizing the law of the case doctrine in making }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 its}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10171998\charrsid10232084  orders of May 8, 2010 and June 7, 2010.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 As the People failed to timely appeal the 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14963190\charrsid10232084 Orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 
issued by the trial court, this court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084  needed only to review the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084  propriety of the trial court}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 s application of the law of the case in its }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14963190\charrsid10232084 
May and June 2010 Decisions and Orders}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 , and not the legal conclusions of the 2005 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14963190\charrsid10232084 Orders}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 T}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 
he legal conclusions reached in the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14963190\charrsid10232084 May and June 2010 Decisions and Orders}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084  by the trial court}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084  based on its application of the law of the case doctrine}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084  were not }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 clearly erroneous}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 ;}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084  accordingly}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084  the orders are }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 AFFIRMED}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid97670\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 The case is }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 REMANDED}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 
 to the trial court for the limited purpose of properly characterizing the dismissals affirmed herein as }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 with prejudice}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084  or }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2050500\charrsid10232084 without prejudice}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11487020\charrsid10232084 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232084 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2250143\charrsid10232084 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13965189 
\par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts36\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4668\clshdrawnil \cellx4560\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth480\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid10232084\yts36 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 _________________}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 /s/}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 ________________}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \cell \cell }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 _________________}{
\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 /s/}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 _______________}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \cell }\pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \trowd \irow0\irowband0
\ts36\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4668\clshdrawnil \cellx4560\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth480\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid16023027\yts36 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 MIGUEL S. DEMAPAN}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \cell }\pard 
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid10232084\yts36 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \cell }\pard 
\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid16023027\yts36 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 JOHN A. MANGLONA}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \cell }\pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \trowd \irow1\irowband1
\ts36\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4668\clshdrawnil \cellx4560\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth480\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid16023027\yts36 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 Justice }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 Pro Tempore}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid10232084\yts36 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \cell }\pard 
\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid16023027\yts36 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 Justice }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 Pro Tempore}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 
\trowd \irow2\irowband2\ts36\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4668\clshdrawnil \cellx4560\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth480\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid10232084\yts36 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \cell \cell \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \trowd \irow3\irowband3
\ts36\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4668\clshdrawnil \cellx4560\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth480\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid10232084\yts36 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 _________________}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 /s/}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 ________________}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \cell \cell \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \trowd \irow4\irowband4
\ts36\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4668\clshdrawnil \cellx4560\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth480\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid16023027\yts36 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 ROBERT J. TORRES}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 Chief Justice\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid10232084\yts36 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \cell \cell 
}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027 \trowd \irow5\irowband5\lastrow 
\ts36\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4668\clshdrawnil \cellx4560\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth480\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16023027 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16023027\charrsid10232084 
\par }}