{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f35\fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604030504040204}Tahoma;} {\f38\froman\fcharset128\fprq1{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}MS Minngs{\*\falt Arial Unicode MS};}{\f39\froman\fcharset128\fprq1{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}@MS Minngs;}{\f186\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;} {\f187\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\f189\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f190\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f191\froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);} {\f192\froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\f193\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f194\froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\f536\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Tahoma CE;} {\f537\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Tahoma Cyr;}{\f539\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Tahoma Greek;}{\f540\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Tahoma Tur;}{\f541\fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Tahoma (Hebrew);}{\f542\fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Tahoma (Arabic);} {\f543\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Tahoma Baltic;}{\f544\fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Tahoma (Vietnamese);}{\f545\fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 Tahoma (Thai);}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0; \red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128; \red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 \styrsid3501775 Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden Default Paragraph Font;}{\*\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\langnp1024\langfenp1024 \snext11 \ssemihidden Normal Table;}{\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 \slink16 \ssemihidden \styrsid3501775 footnote text;}{\*\cs16 \additive \lang1033\langfe1033\dbch\af38\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \slink15 \slocked \styrsid3501775 Footnote Text Char;}{\*\cs17 \additive \super \sbasedon10 \ssemihidden \styrsid3501775 footnote reference;}{\*\cs18 \additive \i \sbasedon10 \styrsid3501775 Emphasis;}{\s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar \tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext19 \slink20 \styrsid3501775 footer;}{\*\cs20 \additive \lang1033\langfe1033\dbch\af38\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \slink19 \slocked \styrsid3501775 Footer Char;}{\*\cs21 \additive \sbasedon10 \styrsid3501775 page number;}{\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar \tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext22 \slink23 \styrsid3501775 header;}{\*\cs23 \additive \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\dbch\af38\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \slink22 \slocked \styrsid3501775 Header Char;}{\s24\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs16\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f35\hich\af35\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext24 \slink25 \ssemihidden \styrsid3501775 Balloon Text;}{\*\cs25 \additive \fs16\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f35\hich\af35\dbch\af38\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \slink24 \slocked \styrsid3501775 Balloon Text Char;}{\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext26 \slink27 \ssemihidden \styrsid3501775 annotation text;}{\*\cs27 \additive \lang1033\langfe1033\dbch\af38\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \slink26 \slocked \styrsid3501775 Comment Text Char;}{ \s28\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \b\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon26 \snext26 \slink29 \ssemihidden \styrsid3501775 annotation subject;}{\*\cs29 \additive \b\lang1033\langfe1033\dbch\af38\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \slink28 \slocked \styrsid3501775 Comment Subject Char;}{\s30\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext30 \styrsid3501775 List Paragraph;}{\*\cs31 \additive \ul\cf2 \sbasedon10 \styrsid3501775 Hyperlink;}{\*\cs32 \additive \sbasedon10 \styrsid3501775 co_searchterm;}}{\*\latentstyles\lsdstimax156\lsdlockeddef0}{\*\listtable{\list\listtemplateid471731268\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc3\levelnfcn3\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698709 \'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1440\lin1440 } {\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0 \levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0 {\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers \'01;}\fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4 \leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0 \levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid55053363}}{\*\listoverridetable{\listoverride\listid55053363\listoverridecount0\ls1}}{\*\revtbl {Unknown;}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid811014\rsid862776 \rsid1009063\rsid1598413\rsid1972231\rsid2193419\rsid2309175\rsid2371452\rsid2504626\rsid2506087\rsid3176464\rsid3422714\rsid3501775\rsid3810279\rsid3822112\rsid3831056\rsid4160285\rsid4329331\rsid4331392\rsid4744076\rsid4815830\rsid4855016\rsid4931203 \rsid5052173\rsid5062183\rsid5123780\rsid5592493\rsid5643559\rsid6060947\rsid6160848\rsid6514138\rsid6782860\rsid6953338\rsid7366506\rsid7483118\rsid7958375\rsid8016262\rsid8083724\rsid8270074\rsid8524331\rsid8598875\rsid8790013\rsid8866877\rsid9189166 \rsid9452663\rsid9455426\rsid9776131\rsid10712439\rsid10749241\rsid11014019\rsid11292607\rsid11355540\rsid11404427\rsid11880640\rsid11928628\rsid12063525\rsid12081942\rsid12211158\rsid12921552\rsid12931985\rsid12983114\rsid13198352\rsid14055906 \rsid14105686\rsid14108652\rsid14496123\rsid14510136\rsid14695321\rsid14967201\rsid15032169\rsid15159555\rsid15297671\rsid15405516\rsid15541791\rsid15560408\rsid15864576\rsid15945946\rsid16592213\rsid16597937\rsid16671932}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 11. 0.5604;}{\info{\title \'93this is a quote, has said, of me saying \'91this is a quote\'92\'94}{\author ruddley_e}{\operator ruddley_e}{\creatim\yr2012\mo1\dy5\hr9\min51}{\revtim\yr2012\mo1\dy5\hr10\min14}{\version1}{\edmins22}{\nofpages17}{\nofwords7027} {\nofchars40058}{\*\company scims}{\nofcharsws46992}{\vern24689}}\margl1440\margr1440\margb1008 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1440\dgvorigin1440 \dghshow1\dgvshow1\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct \asianbrkrule\rsidroot3501775\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit \fet0{\*\ftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 { \insrsid3501775 \chftnsep \par }}{\*\ftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid3501775 \chftnsepc \par }}{\*\aftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid3501775 \chftnsep \par }}{\*\aftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid3501775 \chftnsepc \par }}\sectd \psz1\linex0\headery1440\endnhere\titlepg\pgbrdropt32\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid3501775\sftnbj {\header \pard\plain \s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqr\tx9360\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\i\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid6636084 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 People v. Ojeda}{\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid6636084 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 2011 Guam }{ \fs20\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 27}{\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid6636084 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , Opinion\tab Page }{\field{\*\fldinst {\cs21\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid6636084 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\cs21\fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid1009063 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 17}}}{\cs21\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid6636084 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 of }{\field{\*\fldinst {\cs21\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid6636084 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 NUMPAGES }}{\fldrslt {\cs21\fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 26}}}{\cs21\fs20\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid3501775 \par }\pard \s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brsp20 \tqr\tx9360\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\cs21\fs20\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid3501775\charrsid6951238 \par }\pard \s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid15220700 \par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 THE PEOPLE OF GUAM, \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Plaintiff-Appellee, \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 v. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ARTHUR JOSEPH OJEDA, \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Defendant-Appellant. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Supreme Court Case No. CRA10-011 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Superior Court Case No. CF0208-09\line \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 OPINION \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Filed:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 December 23, 2011 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Cite as: 2011 Guam 27 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Appeal from\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 the Superior Court of Guam \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Argued and submitted July 11, 2011 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Hag\'e5\loch\f0 \hich\f0 t\'f1\loch\f0 a, Guam \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr \brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx4392\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3798\clshdrawnil \cellx8190\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3501775 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Appearing for Defendant-Appellant}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 : \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Anthony R. Camacho, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Esq}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 . \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 GCIC Bldg., Ste. 808}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 414 W Soledad Ave. \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Hag\'e5\loch\f0 \hich\f0 t\'f1\loch\f0 a, GU 96910\cell }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Appearing for Plaintiff-Appellee}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 : \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Jonathan R. Quan, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Esq}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Assistant Attorney General \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Office of the Attorney General \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Prosecution Division \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 287 W O}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Brien Dr. \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Hag\'e5\loch\f0 \hich\f0 t\'f1\loch\f0 a, GU 96910\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr \brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx4392\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3798\clshdrawnil \cellx8190\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 BEFORE: F. PHILIP CARBULLIDO, Chief Justice; ROBERT J. TORRES, Associate Justice; and KATHERINE A. MARAMAN, Associate Justice. \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 MARAMAN, J.\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 : \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [1]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Defendant-Appellant Arthur Joseph Ojeda appeals from convictions of five counts of First Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct, as a First Degree Felony, and nine counts of Second Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct, as a First Degree Felony.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Ojeda argues that \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 the Superior Court violated his Sixth Amendment rights because the trial court, relying on Guam}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 s rape shield statute, 6 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 8207, restricted him from eliciting relevant information regarding prior sexual assault of the victim.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 He further submits that su\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ch violation of his constitutional rights was not harmless error beyond a reasonable doubt, and therefore, his conviction must be reversed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [2]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We conclude that the proffered evidence was admissible under the rape shield statute.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We hold that the trial co\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 urt should have allowed broader cross-examination of the minor to satisfy Ojeda}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s Sixth Amendment rights to confrontation and to present a defense.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The constitutional infringement by the restriction of cross-examination of M.A.D.C. was not harmless beyond \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 a reasonable doubt.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Therefore, we reverse the judgment of the trial court, vacate Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s convictions, and remand this case. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 I.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Factual and Procedural Background}{\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [3]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In 2009, after a presentation of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Good Touch, Bad Touch}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at her school, M.A.D.C. reported\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 to her family that she had been a victim of sexual abuse, naming her grandmother}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s boyfriend, Rey Hermosilla, and Ojeda as the perpetrators.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Transcript (}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Tr.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ) at 50 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 (Jury Trial - Day 3, Dec. 9, 2009)}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 After revealing this to her mother, M.A.D.C. was take\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 n to the Guam Police Department to provide information about her alleged abuse by Ojeda, but not about Hermosilla.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 M.A.D.C. was also taken to the Guam Department of Mental Health & Substance Abuse Healing Hearts Crisis Center for a forensic medical exam.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 D\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 uring the examination, M.A.D.C. reiterated that she was sexually abused by Hermosilla and Ojeda.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 According to a report prepared by a nurse at Healing Hearts, the victim disclosed the information about Hermosilla to family members, but did not report the sa\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 me to the Guam Police Department.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 During the forensic examination, a nurse at Healing Hearts observed scar tissue on M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s hymen, but was unable to make a determinative estimate of cause or time of occurrence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [4]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Ojeda was indicted on five charges o\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 f first and second degree criminal sexual conduct against M.A.D.C., alleged to have taken place between April 2008 and March 2009.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Thereafter, Hermosilla was indicted by a grand jury on five charges of criminal sexual conduct against M.A.D.C., alleged to h\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ave taken place between January and December 2005.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Plaintiff-Appellee People of Guam (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ) filed a motion }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 in limine }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 to exclude evidence of the alleged prior sexual assault by Hermosilla.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The People primarily relied on Rule 412 of the Guam Rules of Evi\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 dence in its motion }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 in limine}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [5]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The trial court denied the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s motion }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 in limine }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 to exclude the evidence of prior acts of sexual conduct committed upon M.A.D.C. under Rule 412, finding that the evidence sought did not go to M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s past sexual }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 m\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 isconduct}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The trial court instead granted Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 s motion to admit evidence under 6 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 8207(b)(1)(i) of a prior act of sexual assault to show an alternative source of M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s alleged injury.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In its ruling, the trial court concluded that Ojeda failed \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 to comply with the 15-day notice requirement of 6 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 8207(c).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Nevertheless, the trial court acknowledged that the evidence of prior sexual assault by Hermosilla was relevant and important to Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s defense.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Accordingly, the trial court allowed Ojeda to\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 introduce the evidence through cross-examination of the nurse and social worker from Healing Hearts who physically examined and interviewed M.A.D.C.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The trial court, however, restricted Ojeda from eliciting the information through his cross-examination of\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Likewise, the trial court prohibited Ojeda from introducing the allegations against Hermosilla through the testimony of the investigating police officer.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [6]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 At trial, M.A.D.C. testified that Ojeda sexually assaulted her on five separate occasio\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ns.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Although Ojeda was restricted from questioning M.A.D.C. about the allegations against Hermosilla, M.A.D.C. at one point mentioned Hermosilla.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ' }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s mother, grandmother, a social worker, a nurse, and a police officer testified for the People.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Ojeda\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 challenged the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ' }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s evidence and presented witnesses in his own defense.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 He also elicited evidence regarding Hermosilla}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s prior sexual assault of the victim through cross-examination of the nurse and social worker from Healing Hearts.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [7]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The jury fou\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 nd Ojeda guilty on five counts of First Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct, as a First Degree Felony, and nine counts of Second Degree Criminal Sexual Conduct, as a First Degree Felony.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Ojeda then timely appealed his convictions. }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 II.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Jurisdiction}{\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [8]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 This cou\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 rt has jurisdiction over an appeal from a final judgment of conviction pursuant to 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7\loch\f0 \hich\f0 1424-1(a)(2) (Westlaw through Pub. L. 112-54 (2011)); 7 GCA \'a7 \'a7\loch\f0 \hich\f0 3107(b) and 3108(a) (2005); and 8 GCA \'a7\'a7\loch\f0 130.10 and 130.15(a) (2005).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 III.}{ \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Standard of Review}{ \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [9\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Matters concerning alleged violations of the Sixth Amendment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s Confrontation Clause are reviewed }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 de novo}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 People v. Jesus}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2009 Guam 2 \'b6\loch\f0 16 (citing }{ \cs18\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 People v. Salas,}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 2000 Guam 2 \'b6\loch\f0 11; }{\cs18\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Lilly v. Virginia,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 527 U.S. 116, 136-37 (1999); }{\cs18\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 United States v. Balles \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 teros-Selinger,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 454 F.3d 973, 974 n.2 (9th Cir. 2006); }{\cs18\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 United States v. Nielsen,}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 371 F.3d 574, 581 (9th Cir. 2004); }{\cs18\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 United States v. Murillo,}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 288 F.3d 1126, 1137 (9th Cir. 2002); }{\cs18\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 United States v. Ortega, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 203 F.3d 675, 682 (9th Cir. 2000)).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Evidentiary ruli\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ngs relating to violations of the Confrontation Clause are reviewed }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 de novo}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Salas}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2000 Guam 2 \'b6\loch\f0 11 (citing }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 United States v. George}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 960 F.2d 97, 99 (9th Cir. 1992)) (reviewing matters concerning the Confrontation Clause and hearsay evidence }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 de novo}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 issue of whether the evidence of a prior sexual assault should have been excluded or restricted is reviewed for an abuse of discretion.\~ }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 United States v. Bear Stops}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 997 F.2d 451, 454, 457 (8th Cir. 1993) (reviewing for abuse of discretion district court}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s refusal to admit basic factual details of prior sexual assault of alleged victim); } {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 see also }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Delaware v. Van Arsdall}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 475 U.S. 673, 679 (1986) (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [T]rial judges retain wide latitude insofar as the Confrontation Clause is concerned to impose reasonable limi\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ts on [the] cross-examination [of a prosecution witness] . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In addition, issues of statutory interpretation are reviewed }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 de novo}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 People v. Manley}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2010 Guam 15 \'b6\loch\f0 12 (citing }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Quichocho v. Macy}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s Dep}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 t Stores, Inc.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2008 Guam 9 \'b6\loch\f0 13).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 IV.}{ \b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Analysis}{\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 A.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Notice Requirements under Guam}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s Rape Shield Statute }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [10]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Under Guam}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 s rape shield statute, 6 GCA \'a7 \loch\f0 8207, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 evidence of specific instances of a person}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s past sexual conduct is not admissible in any trial if an issue in such trial is whether such person wa\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s a victim of criminal sexual conduct . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 6 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 8207(b) (2005).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 There are, however, exceptions to the rape shield statute.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Section 8207(b)(1) allows the introduction of evidence of specific instances of a person}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s past sexual conduct }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [i]f such evid\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ence . . . is evidence of sexual behavior}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 with persons other than the accused, offered by the accused upon the issue of whether the accused was or was not, with respect to the alleged victim, the source of . . . }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 injury}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 6 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 8207(b)(1)(i) (emphasis add\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ed).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [11]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Admission of evidence of a victim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s past sexual conduct to show an alternative source of injury pursuant to section 8207 is an issue of first impression for this court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 At present, forty-eight states, the military, and the federal government have\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 enacted rape shield statutes that generally limit the admission of evidence concerning prior sexual experience of a victim in a sexual assault case.}{\cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs17\super\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \chftn }{ \insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The remaining two states, Arizona and Utah, have judicial decisi\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ons that accomplish the same goal by excluding }{\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 past}{\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 conduct evidence in general. For a complete citation list of these statutes and decisions, see Kim Steinmetz, Note, }{\i\insrsid3501775\charrsid13724700 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 State v. Oliver: Children With a Past; The Admissibility of the Victim\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Prior Sexual E\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 xperience In Child Molestation Cases}{\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 31 }{\insrsid3501775\charrsid14156664 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Ariz. L. Rev.}{\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 677, 680 nn.18-19 (1989). }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Section 8207 is substantially similar to the rape shield statutes of the majority of states, as well as R\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ule 412 of the Federal Rules of Evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The consensus among the courts is that the laws were generally designed to reverse the common-law rule allowing a defendant in a sexual assault prosecution to introduce evidence of the victim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s prior sexual conduct\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 to establish the victim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s consent and support a general attack on the complainant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s credibility.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Michigan v. Lucas}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 500 U.S. 145, 146 (1991).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The statutes also guard against excessive cross-examination and harassment of the victim regarding prior sexual e\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 xperience.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [12]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Consistent with these public policies, section 8207 limits the admission of evidence of a victim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s past sexual experience in prosecutions for sexual assault.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 When a defendant seeks to admit such evidence for any purpose under section 8\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 207(b)(1), the trial court must determine whether the proffered evidence is relevant and must weigh the probative value of the evidence against its prejudicial effect.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 6 GCA }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \'a7 8207(c)(3) (2005).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The statute provides the following procedure for the admissio\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 n of past sexual behavior evidence:}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 If the person accused of criminal sexual conduct intends to offer under subsection (b) of this Section, evidence of specific instances of the alleged victim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s past sexual behavior, the accused shall make a written motion\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 to offer such evidence not later than fifteen (15) days before the date on which the trial in which such evidence is to be offered is scheduled to begin, except that the court may allow the motion to be made at a later date, including during trial, if th \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 court determines that the evidence is newly discovered and could not have been obtained earlier through the exercise of due diligence. . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 6 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 8207(c)(1).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The notice-and-hearing requirement protects }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 rape victims . . . against surprise, harassment\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , and unnecessary invasions of privacy,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 as well as }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 against surprise to the prosecution.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Lucas}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 500 U.S. at 149-50.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [13]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The People contend that Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s failure to comply with the procedural mandates of section 8207 bars him from introducing evidence of \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 the alleged victim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s prior sexual assault through cross-examination of M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In support of their contention, the People primarily rely on }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 People v. Bamba}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , No. 89-00040A, 1990 WL 320353 (D. Guam App. Div. 1990), where the appellate division held that the\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 trial court properly excluded a statement made by the minor regarding an alleged prior sexual abuse based on Bamba}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s non-compliance with the procedural requirements of section 8207(c).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [14]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Notwithstanding the decision in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Bamba}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , we find that the trial co\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 urt in the instant case did not err in considering Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s motion to admit the evidence despite his failure to strictly comply with the procedural requirements of section 8207.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In so concluding, we rely on the Ninth Circuit}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s rationale in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 LaJoie v. Thompso\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 n}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 217 F.3d 663 (9th Cir. 2000), where the court held that, in some cases, a defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '} {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s failure to comply with a rape shield statute}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s notice requirement will not justify the severe sanction of preclusion of the evidence}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 LaJoie}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , the defendant was accu\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 sed of sexual abuse of a minor.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 665.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Undisputed evidence, however, showed that the child suffered sexual abuse by several other men prior to residing with the defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 There was evidence to suggest that defense counsel had ample notice of the \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 prior sexual assaults.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 675 (Ferguson, J., dissenting).}{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The defendant, however, did not file his notice of intent to offer evidence under the state}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s rape shield statute until seven days before trial.}{\cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs17\super\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \chftn }{ \insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The defendant sought to introduce evidence of the minor\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s history of sexual abuse for three purposes: (1) to provide an alternate source of the minor\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s ability to explain s\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 exual acts; (2) to offer an alternative explanation for the medical evidence of abuse that the prosecution would be offering; and (3) to support defendant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s argument that the minor\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s allegations were false an}{\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 d were invited by caseworkers. }{\i\insrsid3501775\charrsid13899948 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id. }{ \insrsid3501775\charrsid13899948 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 665}{\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 -66}{\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 665.}{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Although the trial court found the e\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 vidence potentially admissible, it nevertheless granted the State}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s motion to exclude the evidence because the defendant failed to give the required 15-day notice of intent to introduce such evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 666.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [15]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 On appeal, the Ninth Circuit recogniz\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ed that a defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s failure to comply with a rape shield statute}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s notice requirement might }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "'}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 in some cases justify the severe sanction of preclusion} {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '"}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 of the evidence, }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 669 (quoting }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Lucas}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 500 U.S. at 153), which is determined by the courts on a c \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ase-by-case basis.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 (citing }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Taylor v. Illinois}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 484 U.S. 400, 414-15 & 415 n.19 (1988)).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The Ninth Circuit held that the Oregon Supreme Court misapplied the test articulated in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Michigan v. Lucas}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 670.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Specifically, in balancing defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s intere\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 sts in presenting the evidence against the interests served by the notice requirement, the Ninth Circuit found that none of the interests justifying the notice requirement would have been abridged had defendant been allowed to use the evidence.}{ \cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs17\super\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \chftn }{\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The Ninth Circuit noted that the purposes of the notice requirement \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 allowing time for the proffered evidence to be carefully screened and preventing undue trial delay \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 would not have been affected by admission of such evidence because the trial court w\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 a\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s able to screen the evidence within the time available and was able to determine which portions of the files were relevant.}{\fs20\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 672. }{\fs20\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Furthermore, the court stated that the interest in preventing unfair surprise to the prosecution is not implicated be\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 cause the prosecutor in LaJoi}{\fs20\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 e} {\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \loch\af0\dbch\af38\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s case had just finished trying the rape case of Watkins and was familiar with all the details of the minor\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s past sexual abuse.}{ \fs20\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\fs20\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\fs20\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The court further recognized that LaJoie}{\fs20\insrsid3501775 \loch\af0\dbch\af38\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 failure to give the 15 }{\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid2915769 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 days\hich\f0 \rquote }{\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 notice was not wil\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 lful or strategic, but rather neglectful. }{\fs20\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid3881723 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id}{\i\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid5640310 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}}}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 671\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 -72.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 It determined that the probative value of the evidence in defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s case disproportionately outweighed the purposes of the notice requirement, and that the evidence would not be unduly prejudicial.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 672-73.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The Ninth Circuit concluded that the\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 trial court violated defendant}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s Sixth Amendment rights because preclusion of the evidence was arbitrary and disproportionate to the purposes behind the procedural requirement.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 673. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [16]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Upon review of the record, it appears that Ojeda did not com\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ply with the procedural requirements of section 8207(c).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 He claims that the allegations of sexual abuse by Hermosilla were not made available until three days before trial.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 However, the information regarding Hermosilla could have been obtained earlier thro\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ugh exercise of due diligence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 During the motion }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 in limine}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 hearing, defense counsel conceded that he received a copy of the Healing Hearts report on October 2, 2009, which described M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s sexual abuse allegation against Hermosilla.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Because Ojeda was i\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 n possession of this report, the allegations regarding Hermosilla cannot be considered }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 newly discovered evidence}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 under section 8207(c).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Ojeda failed to comply with the 15-day notice requirement. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [17]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Nevertheless, the People and the alleged victim were \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 not adversely impacted by Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s failure to comply with the procedural requirements.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Section 8207}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s interest in preventing unfair surprise to the prosecution was not implicated because the People were clearly aware of the allegations against Hermosilla, a\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s they brought the motion to exclude this evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Further, there was no evidence that the failure to comply with the 15-day notice requirement was willful or strategic, rather than neglectful, on the part of Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s counsel.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 See id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 672 (citing }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Taylor}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 484 U.S. at 417 (finding that counsel}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s willful misconduct in violating discovery rules justified harsh sanction of preclusion)).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Finally, we recognize that section 8207}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s notice requirement }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 also provide[s] protection against harassment of the alleged v\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ictim by giving the victim fair warning about what evidence of her past sexual activity would be introduced and by allowing a victim to cease worrying 15 days before trial about what evidence of her past sexual activity would be introduced.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In this ca\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 se, however, M.A.D.C. was likely aware that she may be called to testify about her allegations against Hermosilla at Hermosilla}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s trial, and in fact, she referred to Hermosilla during her testimony in Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s trial.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Given these circumstances, we conclude t\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 hat the interests protected by section 8207}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s procedural requirements are outweighed by the potential probativeness of M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s excluded testimony, to be discussed in further detail below.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 As such, we find no error in the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s consideration of O\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 jeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s motion to admit the evidence of sexual abuse by Hermosilla.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 B.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Sixth Amendment Confrontation Clause}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [18]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We now turn to the crux of the issue of whether Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s constitutional rights were violated, that is, whether the substantive purposes served b\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 y Guam}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s rape shield statute required the exclusion or restriction of M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s testimony regarding her allegations of sexual abuse by Hermosilla.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 At trial, the following exchange occurred between the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s counsel, Kimberli Raines, and the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s wi\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 tness, Ann Paro Rios from the Healing Hearts Clinic:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 I also examined the hymen . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 If you were to use a six o}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 clock, I found a tear there.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 So we call it }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 healed transection.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 " }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 So, just imagine if somebody were to tear this or cut it, that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s what I found on her hymen. \par . . . . \par [Ms. Raines:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Okay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 So you}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 re saying you found a healed transection at the six o}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 clock mark? \par [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Yes, I did. \par [Ms. Raines:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Okay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Now what exactly does that mean? \par [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 In what I found through my training, and there}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s been research studies that an injury at that location -- the six o}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 clock portion -- portion of the vagina is highly specific for blunt force trauma.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Specifically, saying penetration.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 So, if you were to take a piece of paper, and keep poking it \endash If you were to make a circle and keep poking it, poking it, poking it, and having that tear, that would be blunt force trauma. \par [Ms. Raines:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 So based on your opinion, would a healed laceration or healed transection at six o}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 clock be consistent with blunt force trauma to her vaginal area? \par [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Yes. \par [Ms. Raines:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Would a healed transection at the six o}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 clock area be consistent with penal [sic] penetration? \par [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Yes. \par [Ms. Raines:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 So in your opinion, would a healed transection at six o}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 clock have been caused by penal [sic] penetration? \par [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Yes. \par [Ms. Raines:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Now in your report, you -- you reported some findings?}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 What were your findings?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Now let me ask a more specific question.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Your findings say }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 abnormal genital exam consistent with history, with positive findings.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Okay. \par [Ms. Raines:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 What does that mean? \par [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Usually with abnormal -- And this is being consistent with another child.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 So you have -- }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Abnormal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 is that I found something which would be that -- that transection, which is also the positive finding.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 So we}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 re looking at a normal 10 year old or a normal child with -- without a history of sexual abuse, and then, [M.A.D.C.].}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 So that -- that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s why it would be abnormal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 With her history, she was saying that there was penal [sic] penetration.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 So that}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s the history, and then the finding is the healed transection at six o}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 clock. \par [Ms. Raines:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Okay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 So that basically means your findings are consistent with what [M.A.D.C.] said happened to her? \par [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Yes. \par [Ms. Raines:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Okay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Well let me ask you this.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 For example, if there was only, say, contact with the vagina, touching of the vagina, would you expect to find that same type of injury? \par [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Not necessarily.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 If it}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s just touching?}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 No.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 But if there}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s maybe digital penetration with the finger, it \endash it would depend on the amount.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Like I said, blunt force trauma could be anything.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 It could be a pen.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 It could be a penis.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 It could be an object, but it depends on the amount of force, and that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s not what we ask. \par [Ms. Raines:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Okay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 So it would be just from touch -- a hand touching the vagina? \par [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 No.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 It could be just like this. \par [Ms. Raines:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Okay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 It has to be penetration? \par [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Yes. \par [Ms. Raines:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 And, so in your opinion, it would take blunt force trauma to cause this type of injury? \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Yes.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 {\*\bkmkstart OLE_LINK3}{\*\bkmkstart OLE_LINK4} \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Tr. at 11-15 (Jury Trial \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 Day 3).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 {\*\bkmkend OLE_LINK3}{\*\bkmkend OLE_LINK4}\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 On cross-examination by Ojeda}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s counsel, Ms. Rios explained that she could not determine when the healed transection occurred, and that it could have happened during any \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 period of time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [19]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Relying on section 8207, the trial court ruled that evidence of a prior sexual assault by Hermosilla, when proffered to establish an alternative source of M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s hymenal injuries, was relevant to Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s defense.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ER at 8 (Tr. of M\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ot. in Limine Arguments, Dec. 3, 2009).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Nevertheless, the court denied Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s request to cross-examine M.A.D.C. about the Hermosilla sexual assault, because the court found that cross-examining M.A.D.C. regarding the prior sexual assault would be injuriou\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s to her.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The trial court stated: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [I]n consideration of a [sic] young age of the victim and the pending criminal case in which the victim will be required to testify in the next case involving the other defendant, the Court will not put the victim to have\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 to testify twice concerning the prior sexual assault.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Tr. at 86 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 (Jury Trial \endash Day 1, Dec. 4, 2009)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The trial court also denied Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s request to introduce the allegations against Hermosilla through the testimony of a police officer, finding that the te \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 stimony was inadmissible hearsay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Ojeda argues that the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s application of section 8207 was too restrictive, infringed upon his right to a }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 meaningful}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 defense, and violated the Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [20]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The Sixth Amendment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s Confrontation Clause states: }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right . . . to be confronted with the witnesses against him . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 U.S. Const. amend. VI.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The Sixth Amendment is applicable to Guam by virtue of the Organic Act of \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Guam.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7\loch\f0 1421b(u) (West 2003); }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Jesus}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2009 Guam 2 \'b6\loch\f0 23.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Furthermore, the Organic Act of Guam concomitantly provides that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [i]n all criminal prosecutions the accused shall have the right . . . to be confronted with the witnesses against him . . .\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 48 U.S.C.A. \'a7\loch\f0 1421b(g) (West 2003); }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Jesus}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2009 Guam 2 \'b6\loch\f0 23.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [21]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Davis v. Alaska}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 415 U.S. 308 (1974), the U.S. Supreme Court made clear that the right of confrontation means more than }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 being allowed to confront the witness physically.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Our cases \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 construing the (confrontation) clause hold that a primary interest secured by it is the right of cross-examination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '" }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Davis v. Alaska}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 415 U.S. 308, 315 (1974) (quoting }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Douglas v. Alabama}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 380 U.S. 415, 418 (1965)).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The Confrontation Clause, therefore, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 pr\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ovides two types of protection for a criminal defendant: the right physically to face those who testify against him, and the right to conduct cross-examination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Pennsylvania v. Ritchie}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 480 U.S. 39, 51 (1987) (citing }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Delaware v. Fensterer}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 474 U.S. 15, 18\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 -19 (1985) (per curiam)).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The rights to confront and cross-examine witnesses and to call witnesses in one}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s behalf are said to be }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 essential to due process.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Chambers v. Mississippi}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 410 U.S. 284, 294 (1973).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Whether rooted directly in the Due Process Cla\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 use of the Fourteenth Amendment, or in the Compulsory Process or Confrontation clauses of the Sixth Amendment, the Constitution guarantees criminal defendants a meaningful opportunity to present a complete defense,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 which includes the right to present witn\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 esses favorable to the defense.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Crane v. Kentucky}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 476 U.S. 683, 690-91 (1986) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted); }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 see also }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Peter Westen, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Confrontation and Compulsory Process: A Unified Theory of Evidence for Criminal Cases}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 91 Harv. L. Rev. \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 567, 604-06 (1978) (distinguishing confrontation, which guarantees examination of adverse witnesses, and compulsory process, which permits defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s right to call and examine witnesses for defense).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Our cases establish, at a minimum, that criminal defen\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 dants have the right to the government}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s assistance in compelling the attendance of favorable witness at trial and the right to put before a jury evidence that might influence the determination of guilt.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Ritchie}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 480 U.S. at 56.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Because cross-examination \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 is an important tool in enforcing the right to confront, any limits placed on cross-examination require a constitutional analysis.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [22]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The rights to confront and cross-examine however, are not absolute, and }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 may, in appropriate cases, bow to accommodate o\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ther legitimate interests in the criminal trial process.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Chambers}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 410 U.S. at 295 (citing }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Mancusi v. Stubbs}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 408 U.S. 204 (1972)).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [T]he Confrontation Clause guarantees only }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 an }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 opportunity }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 for effective cross-examination, not cross-examination that is \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 effective in whatever way, and to whatever extent, the defense might wish.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '" }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 People v. Kitano}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , 2011 Guam 11 \'b6\loch\f0 39 (quoting }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 United States v. Owens}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 484 U.S. 554, 559 (1988)) (alterations in original).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Furthermore, states may }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 exclude evidence through the app\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 lication of evidentiary rules that themselves serve the interests of fairness and reliability \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 even if the defendant would prefer to see that evidence admitted.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Crane}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 476 U.S. at 690 (citing }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Chambers }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 410 U.S. at 302).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Delaware v. Van Arsdall}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , the Su \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 preme Court discussed the rationale of allowing limits to a defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s Sixth Amendment right:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 It does not follow, of course, that the Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment prevents a trial judge from imposing any limits on defense counsel}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s [cross-e\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 xamination] of a prosecution witness.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 On the contrary, trial judges retain wide latitude insofar as the Confrontation Clause is concerned to impose reasonable limits on such cross-examination based on concerns about, among other things, harassment, prejudi\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ce, confusion of the issues, the witness}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 safety, or interrogation that is repetitive or only marginally relevant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 475 U.S. at 679 (1986); }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 see also }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Fed. R. Evid. 403.}{\cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs17\super\insrsid3501775\charrsid10837836 \chftn }{ \fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid10837836 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\fs20\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Rule }{\fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid10837836 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 403 }{\fs20\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 of the }{ \fs20\insrsid3501775\charrsid10837836 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Federal Rules of Evidence states: \'93}{\fs20\cf1\dbch\af0\insrsid3501775\charrsid16610416 The court may exclude relevant evidence if its probative value is substantially outweighed by a danger of one or more of the following: unfair prejudice, co nfusing the issues, misleading the jury, undue delay, wasting time, or needlessly presenting cumulative evidence.}{\fs20\cf1\dbch\af0\insrsid3501775 \'94 Fed. R. Evid. 403.}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Lucas}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , the Supreme Court recognized that a defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s Sixth Amendment rights may be \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 constitutionally limited by a rape shield statute.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Lucas}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ,}{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 500 U.S. at 149.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 To the extent that [the rape shield statute] operates to prevent a criminal defendant from presenting relevant evidence, the defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s ability to confront adverse witnesses and p\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 resent a defense is diminished.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 This does not necessarily render the statute unconstitutional.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 While a defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s rights may be narrowed, the Court remarked that such restrictions }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "'}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 may not be arbitrary or disproportionate to the purposes they are de\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 signed to serve.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "' }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 151 (quoting }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Rock v. Arkansas}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 483 U.S. 44, 56 (1987)).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The Court noted that rape shield statutes represent a valid legislative determination that rape victims deserve heightened protection against harassment, surprise, unnecessar\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 y invasions of privacy, and undue delay.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 149-50.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Therefore, when the prosecutor seeks to exclude evidence under a rape shield statute, the victim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s, as well as the state}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s interests must be balanced with the defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s Sixth Amendment rights.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 LaJoi\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 e}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 217 F.3d at 669 (citations ommitted).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Thus, in reviewing the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s decision, we must analyze two issues.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 First, we must ascertain, apart from the rape shield statute, whether the evidence was relevant to the defense.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \hich\f0 6 GCA \'a7\loch\f0 8207(c)(3).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 If the e\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 vidence is relevant, we then must decide whether its probative value substantially outweighed its prejudicial effect.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 If so, its exclusion violated Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s constitutional rights.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [23]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Through the testimony of Ms. Rios from Healing Hearts, the People in\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 troduced evidence indicating that M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 healed transection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 was consistent with her having been sexually abused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In general, }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 a victim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ' }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s virginity, or lack thereof, has no relevance in a sexual assault prosecution.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 People v. Prentiss}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 , 172 P.3d 917, 923 (Colo. App. 2006).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Nevertheless, where, as here, the prosecution introduces evidence of physical injury to suggest that a sexual assault occurred, the victim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s physical condition becomes an issue.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Id.}{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 By introducing evidence that M.A.D.C. had a healed \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 transection consistent with penetration, the People introduced corroborating evidence of M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s testimony that she was sexually assaulted.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Without evidence indicating another possible source of M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s healed transection, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 the jury likely presumed that the physical injury to the ten-year-old girl was caused by the alleged assault committed by }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 The absence of testimony of the victim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s prior sexual experience }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 substantially hampered Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s efforts to rebut the inference that the jury was asked to \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 draw that he caused her injury. }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [24]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The People argue that Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s constitutional rights were not violated because he was able to introduce evidence of the prior sexual assault by Hermosilla through cross-examination of the Healing Hearts nurse and social\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 worker.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 During trial, the following exchange occurred between Peter Sablan, Ojeda}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s counsel, and Leticia Piper, social worker at Healing Hearts:}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Did you happen to ask [M.A.D.C.] whether someone else gave her red touches? \par . . . . \par [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 . . . }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Her Uncle Rey. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 . . . . \par [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Did she tell you how her Uncle Rey}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s related to}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 her?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Her grandma}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s ex-boyfriend.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And what did she tell you about what her Uncle}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Rey did? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 . . . . \par [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 She had mentioned that he \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 had given her red}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 touches to her -- her }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 bebe}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 on more than one occasion.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Did she tell you how old she was when this}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 happened? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 . . . . \par [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 She was in the second grade.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Did this surprise you, that she made another}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 allegati \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 on?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 No.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]} {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Okay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And did you ask her about her clothing? \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 . . . . \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 She said that her Uncle Rey had opened her zipper, and then he put his hand inside, and he had took -- taken off her shorts and her panty. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And did she indicate that he touched her vagina? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And where did that happen? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 It happened at her grandmother}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s house. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s when she told you it happened, in the second grade? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Did she tell you there}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s another incident that occurred? \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 . . . . \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 She had said that there was another time that something had happened, and she remembered that it was when they were at the rabbit cage, outside, and he had\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 told her to put her hand on his }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ding-ding}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 . \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Did you ask her if she told anyone about her Uncle Rey? \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 . . . . \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 She had told an aunt, her Aunt Char, Auntie Char, and then her aunt had then gone and told her grandmother. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 I had recommended that the mom go and make that second report to the police. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Did you indicate in your report that there was possible digital and penile penetration? \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes. \par \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 . . . . \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 That allegations that\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 she made about her Uncle Rey was not included in the police report? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 So you knew this was something different? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And this was something that happened way early on, earlier than the investigation\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 that you were presently conducting? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And then you knew that more investigations needed to be conducted; is that correct? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And is that why you instructed the mother to go back to the police depa\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 rtment? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 To make a new report? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Piper:]}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Tr. at 168-74 (Jury Trial \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 Day 2).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [25]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Likewise, the Healing Hearts nurse, Ann Paro Rios, testified as follows: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [M.A.D.C.] came in with an original disclosure of\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Uncle Art, and then while we were in the examination room -- and like I said, this one really, you know, not knowing all the specifics, but it just \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 it \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 it -- I remember it, because it was right after one of our outreaches to the \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 a presentation to th\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 school, and -- and, you know, it was just a -- or, you know, }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Has -- Has anything -- Have you ever been examined?}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And a lot of times some kids have doctors that do a full examination, and some they -- they don}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 t, and that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s where she had disclosed that t \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 here was an Uncle [Rey] that had -- had touched her. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Now when she disclosed this to you, did she tell you that he had touched her }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 bebe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Did she say that she touched his }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ding-ding}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Okay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 But she didn}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 t say that Uncle [Rey] had put his }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ding-ding}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 inside her vagina, did she? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 No, she did not. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Okay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And she only talked about him touching her with his hand? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 So she never told you that\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 there was any type of penal [sic] penetration with Uncle [Rey]? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 No. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And do you remember when this assault happened with Uncle [Rey]? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In the second grade. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Okay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And when you were examining her, the day sh\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 e came in, was she in the fourth grade? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 I believe so.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes, fourth grade. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We did the no-harm contract, and then since we had another disclosure with Uncle [Rey], I encouraged the mom that she needs to go up to the police depa\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 rtment and report this -- this other incident. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And can you tell the jury what she indicated happened to her with Uncle [Rey]? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 She identified -- identified Uncle [Rey] as Grandma}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s ex-boyfriend, and that she was told to to\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 uch his }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ding-ding}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 is what she describes his penis, and that he touched her }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 bebe}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 -- her vagina, and then she said }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 He opened my zipper, then he put his hand inside.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Did she say anything about another incident? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 . . . .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 She indic\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ated another time in a rabbit cage. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 . . . \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 That she was told to touch his }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ding-ding}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , and he touched her }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 bebe}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \loch\af0\dbch\af38\hich\f0 \endash \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Okay.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 -- and put his hand -- }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 his hand inside. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 That}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s what she had told us, second\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 grade. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 And then, did you also indicate in your report that she complained of positive pain? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 She complained about pain for both -- for both disclosures. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Again she -- But this was immediately after you were talking ab\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 out Uncle [Rey]; right? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yeah. When we ask them if they -- during an incident, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Do you remember any pain,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 anything that they would recall about that incident, and that}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s always \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 that}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s always a question. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 What did she say about bl\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 eeding? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 She couldn}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 t -- }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 She couldn}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 t remember. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Mr. Sablan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 She couldn}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 t remember bleeding? \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [Ms. Rios:]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 No.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Tr. at 18-27 (Jury Trial \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 Day 3).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [26]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The People contend that the admitted evidence}{\cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs17\super\insrsid3501775 \chftn }{\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The People note that Ojeda\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s counsel discussed at length the alleged prior sexual assault by Rey Hermosilla during clos\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ing arguments. Ojeda correctly points out that the trial court informed the jury that opening statements and closing arguments are not evidence and that they are intended only to assist the jurors to understand the evidence and to apply the law. }}}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 falls within the degree of information}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 approved \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 by the Eighth Circuit in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 United States v. Bear Stops}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 cited by Ojeda.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The defendant in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Bear Stops}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , who was on trial for sexual assault of a six-year-old boy, sought to introduce evidence showing that the child had been abused by three older boys.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 453\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 -54.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The defendant contended that such evidence provided an alternative explanation for the prosecution}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s evidence showing that the victim displayed behavioral characteristics and physical injury consistent with sexual abuse.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 453.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Finding that such \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 evidence was collateral, would confuse the jury, and would subject the child to }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 further difficult questioning regarding such sensitive matters,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 the district court only allowed a few }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 sanitized}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 references to the prior assaults.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 at 455-56.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 [27]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 In reversing the district court}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s ruling, the Eighth Circuit held that the evidence regarding the previous abuse was }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 so sanitized}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 that it was insufficient to effectuate the purpose for which the information was offered.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 at 455.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 The Eighth Circuit}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s primar y concern was the absence of the basic information of the assault by the three boys; specifically, the type of sexual assault and the time period during which it occurred.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 at 457.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Such information, the court held, was constitutionally required for the defendant to receive a fair trial.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 The Eighth Circuit concluded that the district court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s failure to allow the admission of such evidence and to permit cross-examination regarding the abuse,}{\cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs17\super\insrsid3501775 \chftn }{\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The Eig\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 hth Circuit recognized that the basic information regarding the assault by the three boys did not necessarily have to come directly from the victim: To avoid intrusion on [the victim\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s] privacy, testimony about the basic facts of the incident could have \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 b\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 een introduced through [the victim\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s] mother who discovered the sexual assault by the three older boys and stopped it, or through any other witness other than [the victim] who had knowledge about it. Because of both its relevance and its uncontroverted n\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 a \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ture, the evidence would also be a likely candidate for stipulation. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Bear Stops}{\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 997 F.2d at 457.}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 though not arbitrary restrictions on the defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s rights to confrontation and to present evidence, were disproportionate to the purposes they were designed to serve, and, thus, unconstitutional.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 at 455; }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 see also Tague v. Richards}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 3 F.3d 1133, 1139 (7th Cir. 1993) (concluding that because the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 state introduc ed [evidence showing that the victim was not a virgin] with the hope that the jury would infer [that defendant] caused the hymenal condition,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 it was constitutional error for state court to apply the state}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s rape shield statute to preclude testimony that indicated that victim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 s father had molested victim several years before charged crimes); }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 United States v. Begay}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 937 F.2d 515 (10th Cir. 1991) (where prosecution specifically relied on enlarged hymen as evidence of molestation, Confrontation Clause required admission of evidence of another source of that condition).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [28]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The inquiry of whether the rape shield statute as applied violates a defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s constitutional rights requires a case-by-case examination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 See Tague}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 3 F.3d at 1137 (quoting }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Sandoval v. Ace\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 vedo}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 996 F.2d 145, 149 (7th Cir. 1993)).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In the instant case, the trial court acknowledged that the proffered evidence of sexual assault by Hermosilla was relevant and probative, as it could have provided an alternative explanation for the physical injury\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 to M.A.D.C.} {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s hymen.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We agree.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The possibility that another individual caused the injury to M.A.D.C. could have opened the door to reasonable doubt of Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s guilt.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 With the physical evidence proving that M.A.D.C. suffered injury to her hymen but without\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 an alternative explanation for that injury, the jury may have been led directly to conclude that Ojeda was the perpetrator of the sexual abuse and convicted him largely on that basis.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [29]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We find that the trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s restrictions on Ojeda}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s right to co\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 nfront M.A.D.C. were not arbitrary.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The trial court carefully considered the interest of protecting M.A.D.C. from repeated inquiry into the sexual assaults by Hermosilla, especially considering that she had to endure not one but two sexual assault trials.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We share the concerns expressed by the trial court.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The Confrontation Clause does not compel the admission of evidence that will harass and prejudice the victim, confuse the jury, jeopardize the witness}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 safety, or is repetitive or only marginally relevant\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 Van Arsdall}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 , 475 U.S. at 679}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We affirm the cautions expressed by the Supreme Court of New Jersey in addressing a similar issue in }{\cs18\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 State v. Budis}{ \cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 593 A.2d 784 (N.J. 1991)}{ \cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 When assessing the prejudicial effect of such evidence, the court should conside\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 r the likely trauma to the child and the degree to which admission of the evidence will invade the child}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s privacy.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Such prejudice may be diminished if the evidence can be adduced from sources other than the child.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In the present case, as the Appellate Div\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ision suggested, the evidence could have been elicited from another witness, the official documents involving the convictions arising out of the prior abuse, or by stipulation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 } {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 If the victim is questioned about the prior abuse, the court should guard again\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 st excessive cross-examination.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\cs18\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 State v. Budis}{ \cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 593 A.2d 784, 790-91 (N.J. 1991).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Here, we recognize that the interest in protecting M.A.D.C., only ten years old at the time of trial, is compelling.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We also acknowledge the potential embarrassment and disco\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 mfort to M.A.D.C. that would result from being forced to relive the assault or assaults by Hermosilla.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We conclude, however, that the restrictions placed on Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s rights to confront M.A.D.C. and to put on a full defense were disproportionate to the purpo\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ses these restrictions are designed to serve.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [30]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We agree with the People that the jury had learned at least some very basic information about the victim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s allegations against Hermosilla.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Merely providing bare information about a prior sexual assault aga\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 inst the victim, however, does not pass constitutional muster if the evidence does not provide sufficient information for a meaningful defense.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Although the testimony of the Healing Hearts}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 witnesses introduced the jurors to a possible alternative perpetra\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 tor, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Uncle Rey,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 there was very little definitive evidence regarding the exact types of sexual assault alleged to have been committed by Hermosilla.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In fact, the only time penetration by Hermosilla was ever suggested was when the defense counsel asked Let\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 icia Piper if her report indicated }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 that there was possible digital and penile penetration,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 to which she responded }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Yes.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Tr. at 173 (Jury Trial \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 Day 2).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The other evidence at trial suggested to the jury that the only person who might have penetrated and\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 injured M.A.D.C. was Ojeda, leaving the jury to infer that he caused her injury.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Without sufficient information to determine whether the alleged assaults by Hermosilla involved penetration, which could have provided a potential alternative explanation for\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 the injury to M.A.D.C.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s hymen, a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 serious risk of a conviction on erroneous reasoning}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 remained.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Bear Stops}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 997 F.2d at 457.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Thus, to ensure a fair trial, Ojeda should have been afforded the opportunity to elicit conclusive evidence of the type of assau\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 lt perpetrated by Hermosilla.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 While this opportunity might have been realized through a less restricted cross-examination of M.A.D.C., the information also could have been presented in a stipulation on the matter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Because the jury was not presented with co\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 nclusive evidence of the type of assault committed by Hermosilla, Ojeda was deprived of his right to put on a complete and meaningful defense.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Any prejudice}{\cs17\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af38\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs17\super\insrsid3501775 \chftn }{\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We note that the risk of the excluded evidence in this case causing undue prejudice to the alleged victim is diminished by the nature of such evidence. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 evidence is distinguishable from evidence of an adult or sexually-mature minor\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s sexual history which could be improperly used by the jury in deciding whether she was raped. Rather, the evidence in this case concerned non-consensual sexual abuse of a you\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 n\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 g child; thus, the jury was unlikely to draw an unfavorable and unwarranted impression of the alleged victim. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\i\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 LaJoie}{\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 217 F.3d at 673.}}}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 to M.A.D.C. is far outweighed by the probativeness of the excluded evidence, and the restrictions \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 on Ojeda}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s right to confront M.A.D.C. were disproportionate to the purposes they are designed to serve.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [31]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Lastly, Ojeda urges this court to use the harmless error test articulated in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Brecht v. Abrahamson}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 507 U.S. 619 (1993), to determine whether the tr\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s error necessitates overturning his conviction.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Brecht v. Abrahamson}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 507 U.S. 619 (1993).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Brecht }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 harmless error standard, however, applies only in federal habeas corpus proceedings.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In fact, the point of }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Brecht }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 is to establish a new and dif\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ferent measure of harmless error for federal habeas corpus proceedings.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Id.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at 627-38}{\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 ; }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 see also }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 James S. Liebman & Randy Hertz, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Brecht v. Abrahamson: Harmful Error in Habeas Corpus Law}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 84 J. Crim. L. & Criminology 1109 (1994).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 To justify the distinction b\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 etween the harmless error rule that applies on direct appeal and the different one that applies in habeas corpus, the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Brecht }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 majority pointed to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 the State}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s interest in the finality of convictions that have survived direct review within the state court sy\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 stem}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 and concerns of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 comity and federalism.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Brecht}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 507 U.S. at 1111.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [32]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Van Arsdall}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , the U.S. Supreme Court articulated that violations of the Confrontation Clause are subject to harmless error analysis as defined in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Chapman v. California}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 386 U.S\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 . 18 (1967)}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The Court explained application of the rule in the context of a Confrontation Clause issue:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The correct inquiry is whether, assuming that the damaging potential of the cross-examination were fully realized, a reviewing court might nonetheless \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 say that the error was }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 harmless beyond a reasonable doubt}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Whether such an error is harmless in a particular case depends upon a host of factors, all readily accessible to reviewing courts.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 These factors include the importance of the witness}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 testimony in \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 the prosecution}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s case, whether the testimony was cumulative, the presence or absence of evidence corroborating or contradicting the testimony of the witness on material points, the extent of cross-examination otherwise permitted, and, of course, the overa \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ll strength of the prosecution}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s case.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Van Arsdall}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 475 U.S. at 684 (emphasis added) (citing }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Harrington v. California}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 395 U.S. 250, 254 (1969); }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Schneble v. Florida}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 405 U.S. 427, 432 (1972)).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Compare United States v. King}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 36 F.3d 728, 732-34 (8th Cir. \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 1994) (holding that Confrontation Clause violation caused by admitting testimony over hearsay objection was harmless error because other evidence against defendant overwhelming), }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 with}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 United States v. Anderson}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 881 F.2d 1128, 1140 (D.C. Cir. 1989) (finding\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Confrontation Clause violation caused by denying cross-examination of key prosecution witness not harmless error beyond a reasonable doubt because witness}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 highly damaging testimony not cumulative and prosecution}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s case otherwise weak), }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 State v. Atkin\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 son}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 , 80 P.3d 1143, 1151-53 (Kan. 2003) (finding error in refusing to allow defendant to cross-examine alleged rape victim about prior consensual relationship with defendant was not harmless because alleged victim}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s testimony and credibility were key to ove\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 rall strength of prosecution}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s case, and evidence of relationship was integral part of and essential to plausibility of defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s defense).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [33]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Weighing these factors, we find that the restriction of cross-examination of M.A.D.C. was not harmless beyon\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 d a reasonable doubt.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 To assume that the damaging potential of cross-examination was fully realized would mean that M.A.D.C. would testify that the alleged sexual abuse by Hermosilla involved penetration.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 In turn, this testimony would have explained the ph\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ysical evidence of injury to M.A.D.C.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s hymen.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We acknowledge that M.A.D.C. testified in great detail about the incidences of sexual assault by Ojeda.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Although there were some inconsistencies with regards to place and time, such mistakes or confusion could\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 be attributed to M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s age.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We further acknowledge that apart from inquiry into the sexual abuse by Hermosilla, Ojeda was allowed to extensively cross-examine M.A.D.C. on all other matters.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Finally, we recognize that the jury was not entirely unaware\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 of the allegations against Hermosilla, as both Ann Paro Rios and Leticia Piper testified about his alleged assaults.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 While M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s testimony did not need to be corroborated, the lack of corroborating evidence directly pointing to Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s guilt meant th\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 at M.A.D.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s testimony and credibility were key to the overall strength of the prosecution}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Indeed, the descriptions provided by Rios and Piper regarding the alleged abuse by Hermosilla were based on descriptions made to them by M.A.D.C., and no ot\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 her witness had direct knowledge of the type of assault allegedly perpetrated by Hermosilla.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 When the effect of restricting meaningful inquiry into the prior sexual behavior is considered under these circumstances, we find that the constitutional infringem\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 ent by the restriction of cross-examination of M.A.D.C. was not harmless beyond a reasonable doubt.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1009063 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 V.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 CONCLUSION}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3501775 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1009063\charrsid3501775 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 [34]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We hold that the proffered evidence was admissible under the rape shield statute and that the trial court should have allowed broader cr\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 oss-examination of the minor or provided some other adequate remedy to satisfy Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s Sixth Amendment rights to confrontation and to present a defense.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 We find that the restriction of cross-examination of M.A.D.C. was not harmless beyond a reasonable doub\hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 t.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 Accordingly, Ojeda}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 s convictions are }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 REVERSED }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 and the Judgment is ordered to be }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 VACATED}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 The case is }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 REMANDED}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3501775\charrsid3501775 \hich\af0\dbch\af38\loch\f0 for a new trial and for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. \par }}