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\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 THE PEOPLE OF GUAM, \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Plaintiff-Appellee, \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 v. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 JIMMY CHIN SONG,}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Defendant-Appellant.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Supreme Court Case No. CRA11-004 \par Superior Court Case No. CF0329-11 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 OPINION \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Filed:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 October 24, 2011 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Cite as: 2011 Guam 19 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam \par Argued and submitted July 26, 2011 \par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid13713471\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl \brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5508\clshdrawnil \cellx5400\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4068\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid8324862 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Appearing for Defendant-Appellant}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par F. Randall Cunliffe, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Esq.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par Cunliffe & Cook, PC}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par 210 Archbishop F.B. Flores St.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96910\cell }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Appearing for Plaintiff-Appellee}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 : \par Jonathan R. Quan, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Esq.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par Office of the Attorney General \par 287 W O}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Brien Dr. \par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96932\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid13713471\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr \brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5508\clshdrawnil \cellx5400\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4068\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par BEFORE: F. PHILIP CARBULLIDO, Chief Justice; ROBERT J. TORRES, Associate Justice, KATHERINE A. MARAMAN, Associate Justice \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 PER CURIAM: \par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [1]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 On June 24, 2011, Defendant-Appellant Jimmy Chin Song was admitted to bail by Magistrate Judge Alberto Tolentino on charges of Aggravated Assault as a Second Degree Felony upon the condition that Song post $50,000.00 cash and have no contact with the alleged victim and witnesses in the case.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Later that day, Song posted the cash bail amount and appeared before Judge Vernon Perez, who added additional release conditions to those set by Magistrate Judge Tolentino, but left the cash amount at $50,000.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Song was released on Judge Perez}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s conditions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Thereafter, the alleged victim in the case died, and an indictment was hande d down against Song charging him with Manslaughter as a First Degree Felony and Aggravated Assault as a Third Degree Felony.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Plaintiff-Appellee People of Guam went }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 ex parte}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 before Judge Anita Sukola and obtained an arrest warrant for Song in the amount of $250,000.00 cash.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [2]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Upon Song}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s re-incarceration pursuant to the arrest warrant, he was again brought before Judge Perez on July 5, 2011, who re-set Song}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s bail amount at $250,000.00 cash and imposed other release conditions, over the objection of Song}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s counsel.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 These new bail conditions were left undisturbed at Song}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s arraignment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Song requested that Judge Perez modify his bail conditions and reinstate the previous bail conditions, to include the $50,000.00 cash bail amount.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Judge Perez denied Song}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s request.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Song thereafter filed a notice of appeal of his bail conditions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 For the reasons set forth below, we vacate the July 5, 2011 bail conditions set by Judge Perez, and reinstate the bail conditions set by Judge Perez on June 24, 2011.}{ \cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid8324862 \chftn }{\insrsid8324862 This opinion supersedes the Order issued by this court }{\i\insrsid8324862\charrsid16465775 nunc pro tunc}{\insrsid8324862 to July 27, 2011.}}}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 I. }{\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Factual and Procedural History}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par [3]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Defendant-Appellant Jimmy Chin Song was arrested on June 23, 2011, on charges of attempted murder and aggravated assault.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The following day, on June 24, 2011, Song was magistrated on charges of Aggravated Assault as a Second Degree Felony, alleging that he recklessly caused serious bodily injury to the victim, Yun Mo K u, aka Jimmy Ku, under circumstances manifesting extreme indifference to the value of human life.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 At Song}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s first appearance before Magistrate Judge Alberto Tolentino, Plaintiff-Appellee People of Guam (the }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 ) requested that bail be set at $50,000.00 cash and that Song have no contact with Ku, his family, or any witnesses.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The People argued to Magistrate Judge Tolentino that the circumstances and posture of the case required the imposition of $50,000.00 cash bail.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The People argued their position as follows:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Your Honor, at this time the People are going to ask for $50,000.00 cash bail.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The Defendant in this case is facing a very serious charge in second degree felony.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 d submit to Your Honor that we expect the complexion of this case to change, as the victim currently is brain dead, he}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s currently on life support.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 There}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s going to be a potential for a possible homicide charge right now, he}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s facing a serious charge, or charges, in the future.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par We would also submit that, because of the Defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s alleged actions against his victim, again, seriousness of his injuries, likelihood of death in this case, it}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s demonstrated a clear ability that he posed a danger to this victim, that he poses a danger to the People of Guam.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par Transcript (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Tr.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 ), Vol.1 at 3, (Mag.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s Hr}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 g , June 24, 2011).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Later during the hearing, the People reiterated that Ku}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s death was imminent, and that homicide charges would be forthcoming upon Ku}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s death.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Further, the People argued that Song was a flight risk because he is a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Korean national.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid8324862 \chftn }{\insrsid8324862 Song\rquote s counsel informed the court that Song is a United States citizen. }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 at 4-5.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The People indicated that, given all these factors, they believed that the requested bail amount was warranted. }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [4]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Magistrate Judge Tolentino granted the People}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s request and set bail at $50,000.00 cash, and in addition, ordered Song to refrain from contacting Ku, Ku}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s family, or any witnesses.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 In making his oral findings, Magistrate Judge Tolentino stated:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 As indicated by the prosecution, there is a likelihood or a potential of more serious charges being brought.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The Court then agrees with the prosecution that the cash bail is appropriate at this time.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The amount of that bail is supposed to be based on a reasonable calculation by the Court, that it will be high enough to assure the safety of the community and to the victim, as well as to guarantee your appearance, further hearings.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 at 7.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Magistrate Judge Tolentino later made the statement that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [i]f the charges should change, that bail might be increased, just so you}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 re aware.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 " }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 at 8.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The commitment order signed by Magistrate Judge Tolentino reflected these conditions, followed by a statement that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [i]f bail is met, the defendant shall be brought back before the court for conditions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 See People v. Song,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Super. Ct. Case No. CF0329-11 (Commitment Order, June 24, 2011). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [5]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Later that same day, Song posted the $50,000.00 cash bail and was brought before Judge Vernon P. Perez for a bail hearing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 At the hearing, Judge Perez conditioned Song}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s release on additional requirements that were not a part of Magistrate Judge Tolentino}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s conditions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 See}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s Excerpts of Record (}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 ER}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 ) at 5 (Order of Conditional Release and Appearance Bond, June 24, 2011).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Song}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s counsel objected to the additional conditions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Song was released according to the conditions ordered by Judge Perez.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Judge Perez issued his findings as to bail in a written decision and order.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 ER at 7-8 (Dec. & Order, June 29, 2011).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Shortly after Song}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s release, Ku}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s family made the decision to terminate life support and, as anticipated, Ku died.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [6]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 On July 1, 2011, the grand jury returned an indictment against Song for Manslaughter as a First Degree Felony, alleging that Song recklessly caused Ku}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s death, and Aggravated Assault as a Third Degree Felony, alleging that Song recklessly caused serious bodily injury to Ku.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The People went before the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Ex Parte}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Judge, Judge Anita A. Sukola, and requested that a warrant of arrest be issued for Song with bail set at $250,000.00, which Judge Sukola granted.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Song was then arrested and re-incarcerated pursuant to the warrant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 On July 5, 2011, Song was brought before Judge Perez on a return of warrant, whereupon counsel for Song expressed his surprise that an arrest warrant rather than a summons was issued in this case since Song was already released on bail and was compliant with his release conditions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Tr., Vol. 4 at 3 (Return of Warrant, July 5, 2011).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 } {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Song}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s counsel requested that the original bail amount of $50,000.00 be reinstated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Id.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 at 3-4.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Judge Perez denied this request, stating that the }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 circumstances have changed to some degree}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 and that the court would therefore accept the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s recommendation as to the increased bail amount.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 at 5.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [7]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Song was arraigned on July 6 , 2011, before Magistrate Judge Tolentino, and his counsel again requested that the original bail amount be reinstated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Magistrate Judge Tolentino declined to do so, stating that the matter was properly before Judge Perez, and he would not modify Judge Perez}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s bail determination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Tr., Vol. 5 at 5, 7-11 (Arraignment, July 6, 2011).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Song filed a written motion for modification of his release conditions to reduce his bail amount back to $50,000.00 cash.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 People v. Song,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Super. Ct. Case No. CF0329-11 (Mot. for Modification of Def.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s Bail Conditions, July 11, 2011).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Judge Perez orally denied the motion.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 In his oral order, Judge Perez stated:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The Court believes that the $250,000.00 bail at this time is not inappropriate.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 It is based on primarily two factors.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 One is, likelihood to appear back in Court for proceedings.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Second, the extent perhaps that the Defendant might pose a danger to the community, or members of the community, or certain individuals as might be specified.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The Court believes that both of those factors have some questions about them and the Court is not certain that something less than $250,000.00 in bail at this time might necessarily, again, guaranty [}{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 sic}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 .] his appearance back to Court, number one.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Also, number two, of course, the safety to the community.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par Tr., Vol. 6 at 15-16 (Bail Hearing, July 11, 2011).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Song filed a notice of appeal on July 13, 2011 challenging: (1) the bail condi tions set by Judge Perez on June 24, 2011; (2) the bail conditions set by the Judge Sukola on July 1, 2011; (3) the bail conditions set by Judge Perez on July 5, 2011; and (4) the denial of bail modification by Judge Perez on July 11, 2011.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 II. JURISDICTION \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par [8]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 This court has jurisdiction over appeals from determinations of bail pursuant to 8 GCA \'a7\'a7 40.80(a) and 130.15(d) (2005).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 III. STANDARD OF REVIEW}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [9]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The trial court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s determination of bail conditions is reviewed for an abuse of discretion.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 } {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 People v. Bruneman}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 , 1996 Guam 3 \'b6 7.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Statutory interpretation of Guam}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s Code of Criminal Procedure is subject to }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 de novo}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 review.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 People v. Anastacio}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 , 2010 Guam 18 \'b6 10.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 IV. ANALYSIS}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 A.\tab}}\pard\plain \s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Guam}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s Bail Statute.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [10]}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Guam law requires that, at the first appearance of an accused, the judge }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 shall}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 release the accused pending trial subject to the provisions and conditions found in 8 GCA \'a7\'a7 40.15 and 40.20.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 8 GCA \'a7 40.10 (2005). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The judge is required by law to order a person charged to be released on his own recognizance, }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 unless}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 the judge determines, in his discretion, on the basis of available information, that such a release will not reasonably assure the appearance of the person as required or will endanger the safety of any other person or the community.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 8 GCA \'a7 40.15(b) (2005) (emphasis added).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The statute enumerates the considerations that may factor into a judge}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s determination as to whether the accused poses a risk of non-appearance or a danger to any individual or to the community.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 8 GCA \'a7 40.15(c) (2005.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The judge is mandated by law to release the accused under the least onerous condition or combination of conditions reasonably likely to assure the appearance of the accused as required and to ensure the safety of any other person and the community.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 8 GCA \'a7 40.20 (2005).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Pursuant to the requirements and limitations set forth in 8 GCA \'a7\'a7 40.50, 40.60, and 40.75, the court may modify bail conditions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [11]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Determinations as to bail conditions and amounts are not to be driven by the goal of keeping the accused incarcerated, but should rather be reached in consideration of the only authorized interests, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 to wit}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 , ensuring the appearance of the accused and the safety of others.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 See }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 8 GCA \'a7\'a7 40.10, 40.15, 40.20; }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 see also}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Stack v. Boyle}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 , 342 U.S. 1, 4 (1951) (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Since the function of bail{\*\bkmkstart SR_2079}{\*\bkmkstart SearchTerm}{\*\bkmkend SR_2079} is limited, the fixing of bail {\*\bkmkstart SR_2085}{\*\bkmkend SR_2085} for any individual defendant must be based upon standards relevant to the purpose of {\*\bkmkstart SR_2100}{\*\bkmkend SearchTerm}{\*\bkmkend SR_2100}assuring the presence of that defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 ).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 B.\tab}}\pard\plain \s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The People}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s A rgument that the Matter Appealed is Not Ripe for Review is Without Merit. \par }\pard \s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [12]}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The People assert that the matter appealed is not ripe for review because no written findings have been issued by the judge setting forth reasons for the challenged bail determinations.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The People cite 8 GCA \'a7 40.50(a), which states in part that if a judge from whom bail redete rmination is sought does not modify the release conditions as requested, then the judge shall set forth in writing the reasons for requiring the conditions imposed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 8 GCA \'a7 40.50(a) (2005).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The People contend that without obtaining such a writing, the matter is not reviewable, citing the Guam Rules of Appellate Procedure, which provide that in an appeal from an order regarding bail conditions, the Superior Court shall state in writing the reasons for the action taken.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Guam R. App. P. 5(a).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The People t ake the position that the absence of a writing should be a failure attributed to Song \endash i.e., that Song was }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 mandated to acquire a }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 writing}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 from the Superior Court[.]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Appellee}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s Br. at 5 (July 26, 2011).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 However, the statute assigns that duty to the is suing judge, and not the defendant seeking the redetermination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 8 GCA \'a7 40.50(a) (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 judge shall}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 set forth in writing the reasons for requiring the conditions imposed}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 ) (emphasis added).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 {\*\bkmkstart Document1zzFN_BI0fa110ee925a11}{\*\bkmkend Document1zzFN_BI0fa110ee925a11} \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [13]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 This court will not impose that duty, which by statute belongs to the judge, upon the person seeking to appeal the judge}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s bail determination.}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s17\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid8324862 \tab }{\cs18\super\insrsid8324862 \chftn }{\insrsid8324862 This holding is not meant in any way to relieve the trial court of its statutory duty pursuant to 8 GCA \'a7 40.50(a) to set forth its order in writing; rather, this court simply holds that we will not place the onus of obtaining a written order upon the defendant.}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 To hold otherwise would allow a judge, even unintentionally, to delay appeal of his or her bail order by simply delaying the issuance of written findings.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 While the person seeking to appeal may have the remedy in such a situation to seek a writ from this court mandating the Superior Court judge to issue the written findings, which is a remedy the Pe ople suggested at oral argument, this would not serve the interest of justice and would create unnecessary hurdles in bringing an appeal which our laws specifically authorize.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 8 GCA \'a7\'a7 40.80(a), 130.15(d).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 We therefore reject the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s argument that the matter is not ripe for review.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 C.\tab}}\pard\plain \s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls3\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Judge Perez was Authorized to Modify the Conditions Set in Magistrate Judge Tolentino}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s June 24, 2011 Commitment Order. \par }\pard \s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [14]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Song argues that once Magistrate Judge Tolentino entered his order regardi ng release conditions and set the bail amount at $50,000.00, any modification of that order should have been brought before Magistrate Judge Tolentino rather than another judge, unless he was for some reason unavailable.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Song cites the provision of 8 GCA \'a7 40.50(b) that a review of release conditions should be made by the judge who imposed the condition, and 8 GCA \'a7 40.50(c) that another judge may review the condition }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 if the judge who imposed [the] conditions of release is not available.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 That section of the Code of Criminal Procedure relates to which judge may hear a bail redetermination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 We find that the June 24, 2011 hearing before Judge Perez was not a bail redetermination hearing but was rather the hearing contemplated in the commitment order.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Magistrate Judge Tolentino}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s commitment order, wherein he set bail at $50,000.00 and ordered Song to have no contact with the alleged victim and witnesses, also ordered that upon the posting of bail, Song shall be brought back before the court for the setting of conditions.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 When Song was able to meet the monetary condition, he was brought before Judge Perez, who was the assigned judge for this matter.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 This was in accord with the provisions of Magistrate Judge Tolentino}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s earlier order.}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid8324862 \chftn }{\insrsid8324862 While the court r ecognizes that there is authority holding that oral pronouncements control over conflicting written orders, as in the contexts of such matters as sentencing and boilerplate waivers in plea agreements, we decline to pass on the issue of whether the standar d language in the commitment order signed on June 24, 2011 by Magistrate Judge Tolentino conflicted with his orally rendered release conditions, and whether one controls over the other. \par }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [15]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Thus, the addition of conditions such as those indicated in th e Order of Conditional Release and Appearance Bond, was within Judge Perez}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s authority to impose and was proper so long as his determination was made pursuant to 8 GCA \'a7\'a7 40.15 and 40.20 and not in an abuse of his discretion.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 At the June 24, 2011 bail hea ring before Judge Perez, Judge Perez made findings on the record and in a subsequent decision and order setting forth the reasons for his order of release conditions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Having done so, this court does not find that Judge Perez was without authority to modify Magistrate Judge Tolentino}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s conditions or that he abused his discretion in making his determination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 D.\tab}}\pard\plain \s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls2\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Ex Parte}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Judge Sukola had the Authority to Set in the Arrest W arrant a Bail Amount of $250,000.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [16]}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Upon the return of the indictment, the People went }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 ex parte}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 before Judge Sukola on July 1, 2011 and sought a warrant of arrest for Song and asked that bail be set at $250,000.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Although the actual issuance of the warrant of arrest is not on appeal, the bail amount set in the warrant is.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Guam law governing the issuance of warrants and summonses after an indictment is returned states:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard\plain \s22\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 After the return of an indictment and upon the application of the prosecuting attorney, the clerk shall issue a summon s for the appearance of any defendant named in the indictment. \par }\pard \s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \s22\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8324862 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Notwithstanding Subsection (a), a warrant shall issue where: \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par (1) A valid reason is shown for the issuance of an arrest warrant in lieu of summons; or}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par (2) A summons having previously issued, the defendant failed to appear in response thereto, or some other valid reason is shown for the issuance of an arrest warrant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 8 GCA \'a7 15.40(a),(b) (2005).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 In this case, during the hearing at which the People sought }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 ex parte}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 to obtain a warrant of arrest and the additional bail amount, the People stated that the arrest warrant was requested because the change in the charge is substantial in nature, and further requested that the bail amount in the arrest warrant be set at $250,000.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Tr., Vol. 3 at 3 (Return of Grand Jury).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Judge Sukola granted the People}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s request. }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Id}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 . at 4.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [17]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Although the court has some question about the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s decision to seek the warrant and the bail increase }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 ex parte}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 when they were well aware that Song was represented by counsel, we need not pass on that issue at this time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Without determining the propriety of the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 ex parte }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 application or the propriety of issuing an arrest warrant rather than a summons pursuant to 8 GCA \'a7 15.40, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Ex Parte}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Judge Sukola had the authority pursuant to 8 GCA \'a7 15.50 to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 set conditions upon which the defendant may be released pending his first appearance and endorse such on the warrant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \~ 8 GCA \'a7 15.50 (2005).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 This is precisely what Judge Sukola did, affixing on the warrant that Song shall be held on $250,000.00 bail.\~ }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [18]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Based on a }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 de novo}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 review of the statute governing issuance of warrants, we hold that the bail condition set in the warrant \endash namely that Song be held on $250,000.00 bail \endash was extinguished upon Song}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s first appearance on the indictment by operation of the statutory language itself: The court may }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 set conditions upon which the defendant may be }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 released }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 pending his first appearance }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 . . . .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 8 GCA \'a7 15.50 (emphasis added).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 As such, we find that Judge Sukola acted within her statutory authority in setting the $250,000.00 bail amount in the arrest warrant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 However, that condition terminated by operation of the statute once Song was brought in for his first appearance after the indictment issued.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 } {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 8 GCA \'a7 45.30 (2005).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 E.\tab}}\pard\plain \s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Judge Perez Did Not Have the Statutory Authority to Set a New Bail Amount and Conditions of Release Where No Party Applied for Such M odification. \par }\pard \s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [19]}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Having been arrested and re-incarcerated pursuant to the warrant of arrest, Song was brought before Judge Perez on a return of warrant on July 5, 2011.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 At the return of warrant, the People requested that Song continue to be held on $250,000.00 bail.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Judge Perez accepted the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s request against objections from Song}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s counsel.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Judge Perez stated that his reason for doing so is that the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 circumstances have changed to some degree.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Tr., Vol. 4 at 5 (Return of Warrant).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 At Song}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s arraignment on July 7, 2011 before Magistrate Judge Tolentino, Song} {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s counsel again asked that the original bail amount be reinstated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Magistrate Judge Tolentino declined jurisdiction, stating that he believed the matter was properly before Judge Perez and that he would not disturb Judge Perez}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s bail conditions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Tr., Vol. 5 at 5 (Arraignment).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Magistrate Judge Tolentino apparently regarded Judge Perez}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '} {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s grant of the People}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s request for a five-fold increase in Song}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s bail amount at the return of warrant as a new, or modified, release order.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 However, Guam law sets forth when and under what circumstances a judge may modify release conditions, none of which occurred at the time Judge Perez orally ordered Song to be held on $250,000.00 bail.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [20]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Guam}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s Code of Criminal Procedure, at chapter 40, provides our governing rules regarding matters of release in criminal cases.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 As discussed above, Guam law requires an accused to be released at his first appearance pending trial, subject to certain conditions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 8 GCA \'a7 40.10.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Sections 40.15 and 40.20 give guidance to the judge in making a determination regarding personal recognizance and release conditions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 The Code further allows bail conditions to be brought before the court for redetermination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Section 40.50 describes the condition s under which the person upon whom conditions are imposed may seek bail redetermination, and sections 40.60 and 40.75 provide the mechanism by which the People may seek additional bail restrictions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 In each instance, an application must be made to the court, and applications brought pursuant to section 40.75 must be by noticed motion.}{ \cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s17\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 { \cs18\super\insrsid8324862 \chftn }{\insrsid8324862 Not at issue in this matter are warrants issued when a defendant has violated conditions of release and the holdings in this order do not apply to those circumstances. }}}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Nothing in Guam}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s bail statutes authorizes any judge, absent application by either the person for whom release conditions are imposed or by the People, to modify release conditions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 [21]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Without the matter of modification or redetermination being proper ly brought before the court, the court may not alter the release conditions of a person already admitted to bail.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 And certainly, any modification made pursuant to sections 40.50, 40.60, or 40.75 must be made in accordance with the mandates of sections 40.15 and 40.20, with the only permissible goals being to reasonably assure the person}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s presence as required and to ensure the safety of any person or the community.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 In this case, we find that the bail conditions set by Judge Perez at the return of warrant on July 5, 2011, including the increased bail amount of $250,000.00, which Magistrate Judge Tolentino left undisturbed at Song}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s arraignment on July 7, 2011, were modified without a proper application to the court and in violation of statutory authority.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 {\*\bkmkstart _GoBack}{\*\bkmkend _GoBack}V. CONCLUSION}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8324862 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par [22]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Based on the foregoing, the July 5, 2011 bail conditions, including the increased amount of $250,000.00, are hereby }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 VACATED}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 and the bail conditions set by Judge Perez on June 24, 2011, including the bail amount of $50,000.00 cash, are hereby }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 REINSTATED}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 Because we vacate Judge Perez}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s July 5, 2011 bail conditions, the court need not address Judge Perez}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 s denial of bail modification at the July 11, 2011 hearing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8324862\charrsid8324862 \par }}