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\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13526625\charrsid6043692 September 9, 2010
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Cite as: 2010 Guam }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid199149\charrsid6043692 12}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 
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\par Argued and submitted on May 14, 2007
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Marianne Woloschuk, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Esq.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Assistant Attorney General
\par Office of the Attorney General
\par 287 W O}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Brien Dr.
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Appearing for Defendant-Appellant:
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\par 210 Archbishop Flores St., Suite 200
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 96910\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 \trowd \irow0\irowband0
\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard 
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 \cell }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Appearing for Real Party in Interest:

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Curtis C. Van de veld, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Esq.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 
\par Second Flr., Histori}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4208108\charrsid6043692 c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 al Bldg.
\par 123 Hernan Cortes Ave.
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 96910\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\lastrow 
\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard 
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 
\par BEFORE:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Miguel S. Demapan, Chief }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Justice Pro Tempore; }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Alexandro C. Castro, Associate Justice Pro Tempore; John A. Manglona, Associate Justice Pro Tempore.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 PER CURIAM:}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 [1]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
This matter comes before the Court on the request of Appellant }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1072049\charrsid6043692 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 and self-styled Real Party in Interest}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1072049\charrsid6043692 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 Douglas Moylan to disqualify Chief Justice Robert J. Torres, Associate Justice F. Philip Carbullido, and Justice Pro Tempore Richard H. Benson from presiding over this appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan seeks the disqualification of all three justices pursuant to 7 GCA \'a7 6107 (which allows }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 any party to [the] action or proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 to file a statement of objection to a judge or justice) and 7 GCA \'a7 6105 (which sets forth the substantive grounds for judicial disqualification).}{\cs16\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \chftn {\footnote 
\pard\plain \s15\qj \li90\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{\cs16\super\insrsid15105089\charrsid1719694 \chftn }{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid1719694  All three justices have filed answers to Moylan\rquote s objections and this panel has been instituted pursuant to 7 GCA \'a7 6107 to rule on Moylan\rquote s objection to the justices\rquote }{\insrsid15105089 
 participation in this appeal.}}}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 7GCA \'a7 6107 (2005).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 For the reasons discussed below, this panel is reluctant to characterize Moylan as a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  within the meaning of 7 GCA \'a7
 6107 and thereby confer statutory standing to seek disqualification where none exists.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Given the unique circums
tances presented in this case, however, we find it judicially prudent to address the merits of Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s disqualification request.}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 We hold that Moylan has stated no grounds under 7 GCA \'a7 6105 meriting the disqualification of any of the justices.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Accordingly, Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s statements of objection to the justices}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 participation in this appeal are hereby }{\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Dismissed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 . }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 I}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13107528\charrsid6043692 .}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4208108\charrsid6043692 FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 [2]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
In 2002, the Office of the Attorney General instituted criminal proceedings against Gene Tennessen (the named defendant in this case) for various allegations unrelated to the present matter.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In 2004, while Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s criminal case remained pending at the trial court, he was listed as a witness for the prosecution in a criminal case against the then-acting Attorney General of Guam Douglas Moylan.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The criminal action against Moylan involved an accusation of domestic assault made by Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s former wife, Doris Leon Guerrero.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Tennessen}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s involvement in Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s criminal case stemmed from the fact that he }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 is }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 married to Ms. Leon Guerrero}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s cousin and he advised Ms. Leon Guerrero to file charges against Moylan.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 [3]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Given the conflict of interest presented by the above scenario in which Tennessen was listed as a witness in an unrelated criminal case against the Attorney General, Tennessen filed a motion for dismissal of the indictment in his own criminal case.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The trial court denied Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s motion to dismiss the indictment, but issued an order erecting a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 conflict wall}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  around Moylan to ensure the prosecutor a
nd Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s defense counsel could conduct plea negotiations }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 in a productive, open, and honest manner without any interference or participation from Moylan.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Excerpts of Record (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 ER}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 ) at 5 (Dec. & Order, Mar. 26, 2004).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In its order, the trial court stated: }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Moylan shall not discuss this case with anyone, shall not review files concerning this case, shall not have access to any files or information concerning this case, and shall not obtain or share confidential information concerning this case with anyone.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\cs16\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s15\qj \li90\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{\cs16\super\insrsid15105089 \chftn }{\insrsid15105089  }{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid9204897 At argument, Moylan asserted that he was unaware of the order until after this Court issued its opinion finding that the conflict wall had not been effective and reversing Tennessen\rquote s conviction.}{\insrsid6043692  }
{\insrsid15105089\charrsid9204897 Whether Moylan was aware of the order is irrelevant to the disqualification matter now before the Court, but we note that even if Moylan had no actual personal knowledge of the order, he certainly }{
\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid9204897 should have known}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid9204897  the order was issued by virtue of the fact that }{\insrsid15105089 order was directed to the Attorney General\rquote s Office and Moylan was the head of that office.}{
\insrsid6043692  }}}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 at }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333896\charrsid6043692 5}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 . }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 [4]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In October 2005, one month before Tennessen}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s trial was scheduled to begin, Tennessen filed a second motion.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The second motion sought to disqualify the entire Attorney General}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s Office based on the allegation that Moylan had discussed the case with the media in violation of the trial court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s order.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
The court dismissed the motion but ordered the conflict wall remain in place.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Tennessen was thereafter convicted and filed a notic
e of appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
On appeal, this Court (composed of Chief Justice Torres, Associate Justice Carbullido, and Justice Pro Tempore Benson) reversed the conviction due to the break-down of the conflict wall and remanded for further proceedings.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 People v. Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2008 Guam 21, }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 superseded by}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5668567\charrsid6043692 People v. Tennessen,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5668567\charrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 2009 Guam 3 at \'b6}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5668567\charrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 5.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The Court specifically found that }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 the undisputed facts led to the conclusion that Moylan violated [the court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s] order.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  at \'b6}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5668567\charrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 47.}{
\cs16\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\qj \li90\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{\cs16\super\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 \chftn }{\insrsid15105089  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 At ar
gument, Moylan repeatedly characterized the statements made in 2008 Guam 21 and 2009 Guam 3 as a finding of contempt.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 We take issue with this characterization.}{\insrsid6043692  }{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 The word \'93contempt\'94 has a technical legal meaning referring to the imposition of sanctions by a court to coerce compliance with a court order or to punish a party or lawyer for acting in opposition to the court
\rquote s authority. }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 See}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247  7 GCA \'a7\'a7 34101}{\insrsid15105089 -}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 34102 }{\insrsid15105089 (2005) }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 
(setting forth the specific actions constituting contempt and the procedural requirements that must be adhered to prior to the imposition of sanctions upon a }{\insrsid15105089 finding of contempt);}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247  }{
\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid13851751 Latrobe Steel Co. v. United Steelworkers of America}{\insrsid15105089 , 545 F.2d 1336, 1343 (3d Cir. 1976) (stating that criminal contempt proceedings \'93are separate from the actions which spawned them\'94)}{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 .}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 
The statements made by this Court in 2008 Guam 21 and 2009 Guam 3 did not impose sanctions on Moylan or in any way seek to punish him for failing to comply with the trial court\rquote s order.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 
The Court\rquote s focus, as in all criminal appeals, was on whether the defendant had received a fair trial.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 Moylan\rquote s characterization of the Court\rquote 
s statements as a finding of contempt stretches the boundaries of permissible good faith argumentation to the breaking point.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 We caution lawyers from being too liberal with their use of terms of art.}{
\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 Artful advocacy should not border on misrepresentation; such actions ar}{\insrsid15105089 e in themselves contemptuous.}{\insrsid6043692  }}}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 [5]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 After Tennessen}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s case had been disposed of on appeal, Moylan brought a motion before the trial court seeking to
 vacate the order erecting the conflict wall }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 nunc pro tunc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 .}{
\cs16\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\qj \li90\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{\cs16\super\insrsid15105089 \chftn }{\insrsid15105089  \'93}{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid1914411 Nunc pro tunc}{\insrsid15105089 \'94 is a Latin expression meaning \'93
now for then.\'94}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089 A court ruling \'93}{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid1914411 nunc pro tunc}{\insrsid15105089 \'94 applies retroactively to correct an earlier ruling.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\i\insrsid15105089 See }{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid1641531 Black\rquote s Law Dictionary}{\insrsid15105089  at 1097}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid1641531  (}{\insrsid15105089 7}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid5668567 th}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid1641531  ed. 2004)}{\insrsid15105089 .}}}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 On August 20, 2009, the trial court vacated the order as moot but refused to do so }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 nunc pro tunc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 See Id.}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan has now appealed, styling himself as }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Real Party in Interest,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  under the caption }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 People v. Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 to which he was not a party or to which he never sought to formally intervene.}{\cs16\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s15\qj \li90\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{\cs16\super\insrsid15105089 \chftn }{\insrsid15105089 
 At argument Moylan conceded that it would have been procedurally improper for a prosecuting attorney to seek intervention in a criminal case.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089 On this point, we agree with Moylan.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089 
In the civil context nonparties cannot appeal an adverse decision without first seeking, and being granted, intervention, regardless of their interest.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid13911375 See Felzen v. Andreas}{\insrsid15105089 
, 134 F.3d 873, 874 (7th Cir. 1998).}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089 No corollary exists in the criminal context.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089 Even in the civil
 context, however, the assertion that the result of an action will cause damage to a person\rquote s reputation has been held not to constitute the kind of legal detriment which will support intervention under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 24(a)(2).}{
\insrsid6043692  }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid5668567 See}{\insrsid15105089  }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid11498403 Edmondson v. Nebraska}{\insrsid15105089 , 383 F.2d 123, 127 (8th Cir. 1967).}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089 
\par }}}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 On appeal Moylan characterizes the order as a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 permanent injunction restraining speech and liberty,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 and argues that the issuance of the order without providing Moylan an opportunity to respond violated his constitutional right to due process.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 He asserts that he was wrongly subjected to an ethical investigation as a consequence of the court decisions holding that he violated the conflict wall.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 [6]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 At a status conference preceding oral argument in thi
s case Moylan objected to the participation of Chief Justice Torres, Associate Justice Carbullido, and Justice Pro Tempore Benson.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The Court ordered Moylan to make his objections in writing.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Moylan has now filed three statements of objection pursuant to 7 GCA \'a7\'a7 6105 and 6107 seeking the disqualification of the above named justices.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The facts alleged by Moylan as warranting disqualification can be summarized as follows: (1) that Chief Justice Torres represented Moylan in his divorce proceedings, the fac
ts of which Moylan claims are related to the present appeal; (2) that Associate Justice Carbullido}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s former law firm represented Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s ex-wife in the above mentioned divorce proceedings, the facts of which Moylan also claims are related to the present appeal; and (3) that the opinion issued by this Court in 2008 Guam 21, superseded by 2009 Guam 3, disposing of Tennessen}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s original appeal contained statements demonstrating that the above named justices have prejudged the issues underlying the instant appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The facts concerning these alleged conflicts are discussed in more detail below.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 [7]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 All three justices have filed answers to Moylan}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s objections in which they decline to abstain from participating in the appeal.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The Guam Code provides that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [n]o Justice or Judge who shall deny his or her qualification shall hear or pass upon the question of his or her own disqualification, but in every case the question of the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13107528\charrsid6043692 Justice}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13107528\charrsid6043692 s }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 or Judge}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s disqualification shall be heard and determined by some other Judge.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 7 GCA \'a7 6107.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 This Panel has been instituted pursuant to 7 GCA \'a7 6107 to rule on Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s statements of objection.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 II}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13107528\charrsid6043692 .}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4208108\charrsid6043692 DISCUSSION}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 [8]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Two statutory provisions govern judicial disqualification in Guam.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Title 7 GCA \'a7 6105 sets forth the substantive grou
nds under which judges and justices are required to automatically disqualify themselves and 7 GCA \'a7 6107 provides the procedural framework governing disqualification.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 When a judge or justice fails to disqualify him or herself and a party believes that the judge should be }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466043\charrsid6043692 
disqualified, \'a7 6107 allows }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466043\charrsid6043692 any }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party to }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466043\charrsid6043692 such action or proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466043\charrsid6043692  to }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 file a statement of objection to the judge}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s continued participation in the proceeding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In this case, all three justices contend that Moylan cannot object to their pa
rticipation in this appeal pursuant to \'a7 6107 because he was not a party to the underlying action.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Whether a statement of objection satisfies the procedural requirements of \'a7 6107 is a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 threshold determination}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  that is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 separate and independent from an evaluation of the alleged grounds for a judge}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s disqualification.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 People v. Johnny}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2006 Guam 10 \'b6 12.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
As such, this panel will address the procedural issue raised by the justices before reaching the merits of Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s objection.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 A}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16133974\charrsid6043692 .}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12542956\charrsid6043692 Moylan is not a party for purposes of 7 GCA \'a7 6107.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 [9]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The issue of whether Moylan is a }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 within the meaning of \'a7 6107 is a matter of statutory interpretation, and like all such matters the analysis must begin with the language of the statute itself.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Aguon v. Gutierrez}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2002 Guam 14 \'b6 6 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In cases involving statutory construction, the plain language of a statute must be the starting point.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ) (quoting }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Pangelinan v. Gutierrez}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
, 2000 Guam 11 \'b6 23).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 Title 7 GCA \'a7 6107 provides in pertinent part:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 Whenever a Justice or Judg
e . . . neglects or fails to declare his or her disqualification in the manner provided by this Chapter }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 any party to such action or proceeding}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692  . . . may present to the court and file with the clerk a written statement . . . setting forth the fact or facts 
constituting the ground of the disqualification of such Justice of Judge.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 7 GCA \'a7}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3355911\charrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 6107 (emphasis added).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [10]}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466043\charrsid6043692 In addressing whether Moylan is a }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466043\charrsid6043692 party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466043\charrsid6043692 
 within the meaning of the above quoted language}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 we are guided by the well settled rule of statutory construction that terms of art \endash  words that carry an accepted or specialized meaning at common law \endash 
 are to be construed in light of their accepted technical meaning unless the legislature has indicated otherwise.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 See}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Morissette v. United States}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
, 342 U.S. 246, 263 (1952) (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3355911\charrsid6043692 W]here }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
[the legislature] borrows terms of art in which are accumulated the legal tradition and meaning of centuries of practice, it presumably knows and adopts the cluster of ideas tha
t were attached to each borrowed word in the body of learning from which it was taken.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ).}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466043\charrsid6043692 By its own terms \'a7 6107 only allows a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466043\charrsid6043692 party to such action or proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466043\charrsid6043692  to seek disqualification.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879459\charrsid6043692 7 GCA \'a7 6107.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  We must decide whether Moylan \endash 
 who was not a named party to the criminal proceedings below, but who was the subject of an order by the trial court in his capacity as the Attorney General of Guam \endash  is a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party to such action or proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 within the meaning of 7 GCA \'a7 6107.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879459\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773 
\par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [11]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 While the term }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 is not defined in the Guam disqualification statute, we are not entirely without guidance.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Other jurisdictions have held that the word }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  carries a technical legal meaning (it is a term of art) referring to those by or against whom a legal suit is brought; that is, the named plaintiff or defendant of record in a lawsuit.}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Anderson v. Miller}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 324 P.2d 856, 859 (Okla. 1958)}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3355911\charrsid6043692  (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5380093\charrsid6043692 quoting 39 Am.Jur. 851, Parties, sec.4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3355911\charrsid6043692 )}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4873876\charrsid6043692  (internal quotation marks omitted)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The term }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 parties}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  is a technical word which has a precise meaning in legal parlance.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 It designates the opposing litigants in a judicial proceeding . . . .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ); }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 see also}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Newman v. Newman}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 663 A.2d 980, 986-87 (Conn. 1995) (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [O]rdinarily, the term party has a technical legal meaning, referring to those by or against whom a legal suit is brought.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ) (internal quotations omitted); }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Arizona v. Lamberton}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 899 P.2d 939, 941-42 (Ariz. 1995}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 ) (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 [No]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 citizen has a legally enforceable interest, public or private, in the commencement, conduct, or outcome of criminal proceedings against another.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The parties to a criminal action are the defendant and the state.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ) (internal quotations and citation omitted).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [12}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Munson v. Dir}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3355911\charrsid6043692 . o}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 f Revenue}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 783 S.W. 2d 912 (Mo. 1990), the Missouri Supreme Court interpreted the phrase }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [a]ny party to a suit}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  \endash  contained in its statute granting appellate jurisdiction \endash  as limited to named parties of record.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 783 S.W.2d at 915.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
In reaching this conclusion the court stated:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Persons who are not parties of record to a suit have no standing t
herein which will enable them to take part in or control the proceedings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
If they have occasion to ask relief in relation to the matters involved, they must either contrive to obtain the status of parties in the suit or they must institute an independent suit.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
One who is not a party to the record is not a party to the cause, although he or she may be interested, and in deciding who are parties to the record, the courts will not look beyond the record.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  (quoting 59 Am. Jur. 2d Parties \'a7 8 (1987)).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Similarly, in }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Anderson}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
, 324 P.2d 856 (Okla. 1958), the Oklahoma Supreme Court held that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [w]hen a statute speaks of a }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 it refers to a party to the record, a plaintiff or a defendant, and generally those who are not named as such in the record are not properly regarded as parties and may not avail themselves of rights given to parties.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  324 P.2d at 860}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4873876\charrsid6043692 , citing 39 Am.Jur. 851, P}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3355911\charrsid6043692 arties, sec.4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  (emphasis added).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In light of the above discussion we construe the term }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party,
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  as it is used in 7 GCA \'a7 6107, as 
a term of art, referring to those by or against whom a lawsuit is brought, i.e., the named litigants to the underlying lawsuit.}{\cs16\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s15\qj \li90\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{\cs16\super\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 \chftn }{\insrsid15105089  }{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 This definition encompasses those who seek and are granted intervention. }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 See}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247  }{\i\insrsid15105089 In re Duque v. Super. Ct. (Rios)}{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 , 2007 Guam 15; }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 U}{\i\insrsid15105089 nited States }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 v. South Florida Water M}{\i\insrsid15105089 gm}{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 t}{
\i\insrsid15105089 .}{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247  Dist.}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 , 290 F. Supp. 2d 1356 (S.D. Fla. 2003); }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 Idaho v. Freeman}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 
, 507 F. Supp. 706 (D. Idaho}{\insrsid15105089  1981).}}}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [13}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The conclusion that the term }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  within the meaning of \'a7
 6107 is limited to named parties of record is also supported by the overall scheme of the disqualification statute.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
While the term }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  is not defined in the statute, \'a7 6107 uses the term no less than five times and expressly differentiates between parties, the parties}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  attorneys, and the judge or justice presiding over the action.}{
\cs16\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\qj \li90\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{\cs16\super\insrsid15105089 \chftn }{\insrsid15105089  Title 7 GCA }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid11488462 \'a7 6107 provides in relevant part that statements of objection \'93
shall forthwith be served by the presenting party on each party, or his or her attorney, who has appeared in the action or proceeding and on the Justice or Judge alleged in such statement to be disqualified.\'94 }}}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The express differentiation between parties, their attorneys, and the judge or justice sought to be disqualified in \'a7
 6107 exhibits the legislature}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s intent to treat parties and their attorneys differently, and we cannot say that when the legislature limited requests for disqualification to parties it intended to include a party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s attorney within that definition. }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 See Russello v. }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3355911\charrsid6043692 United States,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  464 U.S. 16, 23 (1983)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12677520\charrsid6043692 
 (citation omitted)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12677520\charrsid6043692 [W]here }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Congress includes particular language in one section of a statute but omits it in another . . .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 ,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  it is generally presumed that Congress acts intentionally and purposely in the disparate inclusion or exclusion.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [14}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In light of the analysis presented above, we conclude that attorneys involved in litigation }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
in their capacity as attorneys}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  are not parties within the meaning of the disqualification statute, even when the attorneys themselves may be subject to court orders.}{
\cs16\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\qj \li90\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{\cs16\super\insrsid15105089 \chftn }{\insrsid15105089  This, of course, does not include situations where an attorney is subject to a contempt proceeding, which is a separa
te proceeding distinct from the underlying action.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid7222872 Latrobe Steel Co}{\insrsid15105089 ., 545 F.2d at 1343. }}}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 This is not to say that a non-party attorney who is the subject of a court order is left without a procedural mechanism through which he might challenge an order he
 believes adversely affects his rights.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Assuming a case and controversy exists and the attorney otherwise has standing, the attorney could seek relief through an extraordinary writ. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [15}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In this case, Moylan was not a named party below and he did not become a party by filing the motion to vacate the conflict wall because it was filed under the auspices of the }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  case rather than as an independent action.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Likewise, the lower court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s order vacating the conflict wall did not act as a standing conferring event because it related to the }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Tennessen}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  case rather than to Moylan personally.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Finally, Moylan did not become a party by filing a notice of appeal in a case that he was never granted party status}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692  in the first place}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In sum, since Moylan was not a }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 to the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 action or proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  within the meaning of the disqualification statute this panel does not see how he should be allowed to avail himself of the procedures set forth in 7 GCA \'a7 6107.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [16}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The above conclusion is in line with the California Supreme Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s interpretation of California Code of Civil Procedure \'a7 170 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 et seq}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , which acted as the model for Guam}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s own disqualification statute.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Title 7 GCA \'a7 6107 was taken from portions of California Code of Civil Procedure \'a7
 170.3 and the Guam Supreme Court has stated that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 California cases interpreting section 170 are persuasive authority.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 People v. Johnny}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2006 Guam 10 \'b6 13 (}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 As section 6107 is derived from a California statute, this court will not deviate from California
 case law absent compelling reason to do so.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ) (citing }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Cruz v. Cruz}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2005 Guam 3 \'b6 9).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Title 7 GCA \'a7
 6107 tracks the language of California Code of Civil Procedure \'a7 170.3(c)(1), which states: }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
If a judge who should disqualify himself or herself refuses or fails to do so, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 any party may file}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 with the clerk a written verified statement objecting to the hearing or trial before the judge and setting forth the facts constituting the grounds for disqualification of the judge.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4873876\charrsid6043692 West}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4873876\charrsid6043692 s Ann.Cal.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9837414\charrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4873876\charrsid6043692 C.C.P. \'a7 170.3(c)(1) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 (emphasis added).}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 17}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Section 170.3(d) provides that only }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 parties to the proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 may seek review of a disqualification determination.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4873876\charrsid6043692 West}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4873876\charrsid6043692 s Ann.Cal.C.C.P. \'a7 170.3(d).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Curle v. Super}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12677520\charrsid6043692 .}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  C}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12677520\charrsid6043692 t.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 16 P.3d 166 (Cal. 2001), the California Supreme Cour}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16143416\charrsid6043692 t interpreted}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  the phra}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16143416\charrsid6043692 se }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16143416\charrsid6043692 parties to the proceeding,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  holding that a judge may not seek judicial review of a disqualification order where the judge was not a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  within the meaning of the statute.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In that case, the criminal defendant filed a statemen
t of objection seeking to disqualify the judge scheduled to preside over the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s sentencing hearing.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 16 P.3d at 169.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s request was granted, and the disqualified judge then filed a petition for review in the court of appeal seeking to overturn the disqualification order.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12677520\charrsid6043692 .}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 at 167.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
The judge argued that the order of disqualification violated his rights and was procedurally unfair.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12677520\charrsid6043692 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  at 175.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 He further argued that the ruling of disqualification }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
might provide evidence of misconduct warranting judicial discipline.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The court of appeal ordered the superior court to vacate the disqualification order and the California Supreme Court granted review.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  at 167.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [18}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The issue before the California Supreme Court in }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Curle}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  was whether the disqualified judge was one of the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
parties to the proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  within the meaning of \'a7 170.3(d).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Beginning with the language of the statute the court stated }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
[i]f there is no ambiguity in the language, we presume the Legislature meant what it said, and the plain meaning of the statue governs.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 at 170.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The court also noted that it must consider the statutory language }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 in the context of the entire statute and the statutory scheme . . . giving significance to every word.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The court specifically referred to the phrase }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 any party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  contained in \'a7 170.3(c), which is the basis for 7 GCA \'a7 6107, and stated that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 the Legislature consistently used the term }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 parties}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  to refer to the litigants in the underlying proceeding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  at 170, 173.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Ultimately, the court held that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
the usual, ordinary meaning of the word }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  as used in the Code of Civil Procedure refers to the litigants in the underlying matter and does not include the individual judge who presides over an action or special proceeding.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  at 172.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [19}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The disqualified judge in }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Curle}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 also argued that he became a party to the proceeding within the meaning of the California disqualification statute when he appeared and filed an opposition to the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s request for disqualification.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  at 171.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The gist of the judge}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s argument was that since he had }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 appeared}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  in a }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  and filed papers he must therefore be a party to such proceeding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The California Supr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16143416\charrsid6043692 eme Court disagreed, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
holding that the phrase }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 parties to the proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  \endash  taken as a whole \endash  must be referring to the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 underlying}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  and not to ancillary proceedings unrelated to the substantive issues between the named parties.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  In other words, the court held that the word }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  as 
it is used in the disqualification statute refers only to those proceedings related to the substantive rights of the named parties.}{\cs16\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s15\qj \li90\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{\cs16\super\insrsid15105089 \chftn }{\insrsid15105089  }{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 This interpretation is also supported by the federal courts\rquote  interpretation of 28 U.S.C.}{\insrsid15105089 A.}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907  \'a7 455, which sets forth the gr
ounds under which federal judges must be disqualified.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 In }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid12677520 United States}{\i\fs36\insrsid15105089  }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 v. Sciarra}{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 , 851 F.2d 621 (3d Cir. 1988), the Third Circuit held that non-party witnesses lacked standing to file motions for disqualification}{\insrsid15105089  because they were not parties to the pro
ceeding within the meaning of the statute}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 .}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 The court focused on the word \'93proceeding,\'94 which is defined in the statute to include \'93
pre-trial, trial, appellate review, or other }{\fs24\insrsid15105089\charrsid6712471 stages of litigation.\'94}{\fs24\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid7351681 28 U.S.C.A \'a7 455(d)(1).}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid7351681 
The court placed significance on the fact that \'93[e]ach of the statutory examples of a proceeding implies . . . }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid6712471 decisions }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid6712471 
affecting the substantive rights of litigants to an actual case or controversy}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid6712471 .\'94}{\fs40\insrsid6043692  }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid6712471 Sciarra}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid6712471 , 851}{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907  F.2d at 635 (emphasis added).}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 Given the statute\rquote s focus on the rights of the parties, the court construed the term \'93proceeding\'94 as \'93
embrac[ing] only such activity following the initiation of an action by a private party or governmental agency designed ultimately to modify or affect the substantive rights of a litigant.\'94}{\insrsid6043692  }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid6580480 Id}{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid6580480 .}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid6580480  (citing }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid6580480 Davis v. }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid6580480 Bd.}{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907  of Sc}{\i\insrsid15105089 h.}{
\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907  Comm\rquote rs}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 , 517 F.2d 1044, 1051-52 (5th Cir. 1975) (noting that attorneys may not invoke section 455 without demonstrating judicial bias directed at a party)}{\insrsid15105089 
); }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 see also, Lindsey v. City of Beaufort}{\insrsid15105089 , 911 F. Supp. 962 (D. S.C. 1995)}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 .}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089 
\par }{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089 T}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 he Third Circuit\rquote s holding in }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 Sciarra}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907  is }{\insrsid15105089 important for two reasons.}{
\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 First, we are informed by the more general holding that non-parties lack standing to seek disqualification under the federal disqualification statute.}{\insrsid6043692  }{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 Second, and more importantly for the purposes of interpreting our own statute, we are concerned with the federal court\rquote s interpretation of the word \'93proceeding.\'94}{\insrsid6043692  }{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 Like the federal statute, the Guam disqualification statute defines the term \'93proceeding.\'94}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 7 GCA \'a7 6105(d)(1).}{\insrsid6043692  }{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 In fact, the definition of the term proceeding i}{\insrsid15105089 n \'a7 6105(d)(1) is taken directly}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907  from the federal statute, and provides that the term \'93}{
\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 Proceeding}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907  includes pre-trial, appellate review or other stage of litigation}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid6580480 .\'94}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid6580480 7}{
\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907  GCA \'a7 6105(d)(1)}{\insrsid15105089  (2005).}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 As in the federal statute, each of the statutory examples of a proceeding in the Guam disqualification statute }{
\fs24\insrsid15105089\charrsid7351681 refers }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 to stages of litigation affecting the substantive rights of the litigants.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 As the court in }{
\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 Sciarra}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907  held, given the statutory definition, the only reasonable construction of the term \'93proceeding\'94
 is that it encompasses only adversarial proceedings between the parties to the underlying action.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid15807907 We find the federal court\rquote s reasoning persuasive and hold that the term \'93proceeding\'94
 as defined in \'a7 6105(d)(1) necessarily embraces only such activity following the initiation of an action by a party designed ultimately to modify or affect the substantive rights of a litigant in}{\insrsid15105089  an actual case or controversy.}}}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [20}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 We find the California Supreme Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s interpretation of the phrase }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 parties to the proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  well reasoned, based on the plain language of the text, and see no reason to deviate from its interpretation in this case.}{
\cs16\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \li90\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{
\cs16\super\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 \chftn }{\insrsid15105089  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 The California Supreme Court in }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 Curle}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247  also addressed the judge\rquote 
s concerns that the disqualification order might ultimately subject him to ethical discipli}{\insrsid15105089 nary action.}{\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089 The court stated:}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13909475 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid16722786 {\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13909475 
In any event, although a ruling disqualifying a judge for cause under certain circumstances might provide evidence of misconduct warranting 
judicial discipline, such discipline could not be imposed without further proceedings before the Commission on Judicial Performance, where the judge would have a full and fair opportunity to respond to any allegations of misconduct, as well as an opportun
ity to petition for review in this court . . . .
\par }\pard\plain \s15\qj \li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid16722786 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 
Statutes governing disqualification for cause are intended to ensure public confidence in the judiciary and to protect the right of the litigants to a fair and impartial adjudicator \endash  not to safeguard an ass
erted right, privilege, or preference of a judge to tr}{\insrsid15105089 y or hear a particular dispute.}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid4802565 
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li90\ri1440\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 {\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 Curle v. }{\i\insrsid15105089\charrsid6580480 Super. Ct.}{\insrsid15105089\charrsid13336247 
 16 P.3d 166, 175 (Cal.}{\insrsid15105089  2001).}}}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 We recognize that a distinction exists between the procedural posture in }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Curle}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13398021\charrsid6043692  and that of this case.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13398021\charrsid6043692 In}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Curle}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 , the non-party judge was seeking appellate review of a disqualification order made at the trial court level.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13398021\charrsid6043692 W}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 hereas, in this case, Moylan }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13398021\charrsid6043692 
is not seeking review of an order disqualifying or failing to disqualify a judge; rather, he is seeking disqualification of the justices on appeal from a case to which he was never granted party status.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 T}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 his }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 a distinction without a difference}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 
 for the purposes of this case}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13398021\charrsid6043692 
In both cases neither Moylan nor Curle were parties to the proceedings below.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 Furthermore, }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 Curle}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692  is not cited because it is dispositive; r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
ather, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Curle}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 simply informs our analysis and is cited for the proposition that a non-party does not become a party simply by filing papers in a proceeding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [21}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Like the judge in }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Curle}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13398021\charrsid6043692 
, Moylan was not a pa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 rty to the proceedings below and therefore cannot now invoke a statute which only grants parties the right to seek disqualification.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Although nothing in this opinion sho}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13398021\charrsid6043692 
uld be construed as limiting a Real Party in I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 nterest, as defined in Rule 17 of the Guam Rule
s of Civil Procedure, from proceeding as such under the auspices of that rule, Moylan cannot make himself a Real Party in Interest to the proceeding on appeal merely by styling himself as such in the caption.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 See }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Guam R. Civ. P. 17(a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6580480\charrsid6043692 ); }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Cf.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 S.O.V. v. People }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6580480\charrsid6043692 ex rel.}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  M.C.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 914 P.2d 355, 360 (Colo. 1996).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Indeed, Moylan admits he was neither a party to the lower court case nor the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964463\charrsid6043692 initial }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 appeals taken therefrom.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan seems to contend, however, that at some point between the lower court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s issuance of the order vacating the conflict wall and Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 filing a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
notice of appeal (or perhaps as a result of the combina}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964463\charrsid6043692 tion of those two events), he}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  became a }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 within the meaning of \'a7 6}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 107}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Verified Reply Statement of Objection. Re: Chief Justice Torres (Mar. 10, 2010).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s argument assumes the occurrence of a proce}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964463\charrsid6043692 dural event that never}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692  took place \endash  that he}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  was granted party status.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
It also assumes that the order vacating the conflict wall was directed at Moylan personally independent from the }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Tennessen}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  case.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 It was not.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The lower court vacated the conflict wall precisely because the issue was moot as to the }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  case.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The caption of the lower court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s order is instructive; it only lists as parties th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964463\charrsid6043692 e People of Guam and Tennessen;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  Moylan is not 
styled either as a party or a real party in interest.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [22}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Notwithstanding these procedural issues, Moylan contends that he could not have intervened before the decision in 2008 Guam 21 was issued because he was never afforded notice of the issues being discussed that }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964463\charrsid6043692 allegedly }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 involved his Constitutionally protected rights.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The gravamen of Moylan}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s complaint appears to be that the Guam Supreme Court made evidentiary conclusions not in the lower court record, without affording
 him an evidentiary hearing, and that these findings could ultimately subject him to sanctions.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
There is no doubt that the Constitution would afford Moylan certain rights in any proceedings against him that may arise from the actions he took as Attorney General related to the }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Tennessen }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 prosecution.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 If, for example, the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730239\charrsid6043692 jurisdiction }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
should seek to disbar him for violating the Rules of Professional Conduct, or the court should wish to issue a contempt sanction against him for his violation of a court order,
 Due Process would afford him the right to present evidence in any such proceeding, and the right to seek to exclude evidence, including statements made by the Supreme Court of Guam.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan could then exercise established processes for seeking judicial review of any determination arising from such proceedings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 However, his contentions are wholly irrelevant to our determination in the instant case of whether Moylan is a party for the purposes of the disqualification statute. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [23}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s motion to vacate the conflict wall order \endash 
 which Moylan now characterizes as an injunction restraining speech \endash  was procedurally improper and this panel is unwilling to acquiesce to the assertion of statutory standing under \'a7 6107 where none exists.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The contention that Moylan was }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 dragged}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 into this case and that he became a party to the proceeding when the trial court issued an order allegedly affecting his constitutional rights is without merit.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The only parties to the proceeding in which the trial court issued its order were Tennessen (as the named criminal defendant) and the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5380722\charrsid6043692 People }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 of Guam (as the prosecution).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan conceded as much at oral argument.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Furthermore, Moylan did not seek to obtain the status of a party in the suit by filing a motion to intervene, did not institute an independent action, and did not seek relief through an extraordinary writ.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 As the court stated in }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Munson}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 783 S.W. 2d }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6580480\charrsid6043692 at}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  915, }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [o]ne who is not a party to the record is not a party to the cause, although he or she may be interested, and in
 deciding who are parties to the record, the courts will not look beyond the record.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10815773\charrsid6043692 [24}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In light of the above analysis, this panel is of the opinion that Moylan is not a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  within the meaning of \'a7 6107.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 However, we also recognize that the above analysis implies that Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s substantive rights were not at issue when the lower court vacated the conflict wall order as moot.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The question of whether Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s substantive rights were at issue below is a matter more properly before the Guam Supreme Court sitting on the merits o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964463\charrsid6043692 f this}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Thus, in an abundance of caution, and in the spirit of judicial transparency, this panel will pass on the standing issue and address the merits of Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s requests for disqualification.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 B}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5380722\charrsid6043692 .}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10229126\charrsid6043692 Moylan has not established any of the grounds for disqualification pursuant to 7 GCA}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4208108\charrsid6043692 \'a7 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10229126\charrsid6043692 6105.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10229126\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [25}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449753\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Title 7 GCA \'a7 6105 sets forth the substantive grounds under which a judge or justice must be disqualified.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Section 6105 is taken from the federal disqualification statute, 28 U.S.C.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6580480\charrsid6043692 A.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  \'a7 455, and the Guam Supreme Court has held that the federal courts}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  interpretation of the federal statute is instructive for the purpose of interpreting 7 GCA \'a7 6105.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Ada v. Gutierrez}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2000 Guam 22 \'b6 12 n.2 (}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Federal cases are useful in the following examination because Guam}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s rule on judicial disqualification is based upon the federal law.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Title 7 GCA \'a7 6105 provides in relevant part:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \'a7 6105. Grounds of Disqualification.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
(a) Any Judge shall disqualify himself or herself in any proceeding in which his or her impartiality might reasonably be questioned . . . .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 (b) A Judge shall also disqualify himself or herself in the following circumstances . . . .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
(1) Where he or she has a personal bias or prejudice concerning a party, or personal knowledge of disputed evidentiary facts concerning the proceeding;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 (2) Where in private practice he or s
he served as a lawyer in the matter in controversy, or a lawyer with whom he or she previously practiced law served during such association as a lawyer or either has been a material witness concerning the matter;}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \fi720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 . . . }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 7 GCA \'a7 6105 (2005).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [26}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan argues that all three justices should be disqualified pursuant to \'a7 6105(a) based on their participation in the previous appeal in this case.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 He further argues that Chief Justice Torres and Associate Justice Carbullido should be disqualified pursuant to \'a7
 6105(b)(1) and (2) based on their representation while in private practice of Moylan and Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s ex-wife in their divorce proceedings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Finally, Moylan argues that even if Justice Torres}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s and Carbullido}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s involvement in his divorce proceedings do not technically fall within the statutory confines of \'a7
 6105(b)(1) or (2), that their involvement raises the appearance of partiality under \'a7 6105(a).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Each of these claims will be addressed in turn.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 1.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Statements made in }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 People v. Tennessen}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2008 Guam 21 and 2009 Guam 3}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 

\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [27}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 On December 11, 2008, the Guam Supreme Court issued an opinion in }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 People v. Tennessen}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 . 2008 Guam 21.}{\cs16\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s15\qj \li90\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{\cs16\super\insrsid15105089 \chftn }{\insrsid15105089 
 The panel consisted of Chief Justice Torres, Associate Justice Carbullido, and Justice Pro Tempore Benson.}}}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
The appeal was taken from the conviction of Gene Tennessen (the criminal defendant and named party in this case).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
In its opinion, the court found that the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 conflict wall}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  shielding Moylan from Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s prosecution had broken down and that Moylan had violated the trial court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s order by discussing Tennessen}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s case with the media.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  \'b6 25.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Based on this finding the Court held that the trial court improperly denied Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s motion to recuse the entire Attorney General}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s Office and reversed and remanded the case.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [28}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 On April 1, 2009, the Guam Supreme Court (again consisting of Chief Justice Torres, Associate Justice Carbullido, and Justice Pro Tempore Benson) issued an amended opinion in }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 People v. Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 2009 Guam 3.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Moylan takes issue with the following statements made in the amended opinion:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4075444\charrsid6043692 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10754136\charrsid6043692 )}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s discussions with both Littlepage and Fothergill were in direct violation of Judge Unpingco}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s order that Moylan }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
shall not discuss the case with anyone, shall not review files concerning the case shall not have access to any files or information concerning [Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s] case, and shall not obtain or share confidential information concerning [Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s] case with anyone.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 People v. Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2009 Guam 3 \'b6
 45.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4075444\charrsid6043692 b}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10754136\charrsid6043692 )}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
[T]he undisputed facts lead to the conclusion that Moylan violated Judge Unpingco}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s order.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10754136 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  \'b6 47.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10754136 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4075444\charrsid6043692 c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10754136\charrsid6043692 )}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s apparent inability to isolate himself from Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s prosecution reflected poorly on the AG}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s Office as a whole, which may have led to a public perception that }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 continued prosecution by the [AG}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s Office], under the particular circumstances here, [was] improper and unjust, so as to undermine the credibility of the criminal process in our courts.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \'b6 50 (quoting }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 People v. Palomo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 31 P.3d 879, 882 (Colo. 2001)).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 29}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Moylan argues that the above statements demonstrate that the justices have pre-judged the case and give rise to a situation where the justices}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 impartiality might reasonably be questioned}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  under 7 GCA \'a7 6105(a).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan states: }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
[a] reasonable person reviewing 2008 Guam 21 and 2009 Guam 3 might conclude that the [Justices] ha[ve] already formed an opinion as to Appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s conduct and will reject Appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s appeal without considering the merits.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The [Justices}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ] impartiality might reasonably be questioned.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Statement of Objection Re: Chief Justice Torres at 35}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10754136\charrsid6043692  (Feb. 22, 2010)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
; Statement of Objection Re: Pro Tempore Justice Benson at 20}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10754136\charrsid6043692  (Feb. 22, 2010)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
; Statement of Objection Re: Associate Justice Carbullido}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8797457\charrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 at 31}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10754136\charrsid6043692  (Feb. 22, 2010)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 He further argues that the justices now have a vested interest in protecting their decisions in 2008 Guam }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3106894\charrsid6043692 21 }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 and 2009 Guam 3.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 30}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan cites }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 People v. Tamboura}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2007 WL 1810209 (Cal. 2007), an unpublished California case, which relies on }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Patterson v. Coughlin}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 905 F.2d 564 (2d Cir. 1990) for the proposition that the justices should be disqualified based on their alleged pre-judgment.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 We decline to refer to the unpublished opinion, and the Second Circuit case on which it relies is not on point.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Patterson,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 an inmate brought a complaint pursuant to 42 U.S.C.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 A.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  \'a7
 1983 against the correctional facility in which he was housed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
The complaint alleged that the inmate was subjected to disciplinary action based on the allegation that he was invo
lved in an assault in the prison and that the inmate was denied his right to due process when prison officials denied him the opportunity to present witnesses on his behalf before being subjected to disciplinary action.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  at 566.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The lower court granted the inmate relief and the prison officials appealed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The Second Circuit affirmed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Speaking of the right of an inmate subject to a disciplinary hearing to an impartial decisionmaker, the court stated that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
[o]ur conception of an impartial decisionmaker is one who, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 inter alia}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , does not prejudge the evidence[.]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  at 569-70.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The case}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 did not involve a request to di}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8797457\charrsid6043692 squalify a judge}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , which under both federal and Guam law is only available in statutorily specified circumstances.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 31}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The justices cite numerous federal and state cases for the proposition that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [a] judge}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s participation in prior legal proceedings involving related parties or issues is not grounds for disqualification.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Samuel v. Hepworth, Nungester & Lezamiz, Inc.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 996 P.2d 303, 307 (Idaho 2000); }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 see also}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 U}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 nited States}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  v. Jackson}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 627 F.2d 1198, 1207 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 n.20 }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 (D.C. Cir. 1980) (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
A showing of prior judicial exposure to the same parties does not suffice to demonstrate personal bias}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ); }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Liteky v. U}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 nited States}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
, 510 U.S. 540, 555 (1990) (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [J]udicial rulings alone almost never constitute a valid basis for a bias or partiality motion.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 32}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Indeed, the Supreme Court of Guam, interpreting the disqualification statute, has already stated that }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 disqualifying bias must normally stem from extrajudicial sources[.]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Van Dox v. Super}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 . Ct.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2008 Guam 7 at 
\'b6 35.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 See also}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Clemens v. U.S. Dist. Ct}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ., 428 F.3d 1175, 1178-79 (9th Cir. 2005)}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8797457\charrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In determining whether disqualification is warranted under \'a7 455(a), we also apply the general rule that questions about a judge}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s impartiality must stem from }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 extrajudicial}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  factors, that is, from sources other than the judicial proceeding at hand.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ) (citing }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Liteky}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 510 U.S. at 554)}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15548131\charrsid6043692 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15548131\charrsid6043692 Further, the }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15548131\charrsid6043692 Clemens}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15548131\charrsid6043692  court, in listing some }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 grounds}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15548131\charrsid6043692  that would be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  insufficient to require disqualification, }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15548131\charrsid6043692 included in this non-exhaustive list }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
prior rulings in the proceeding, or another proceedings, solely because they were adverse}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15548131\charrsid6043692 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15548131\charrsid6043692 Clemens}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15548131\charrsid6043692 , 428 F.3d at 1178-79.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 33}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 A judge must disqualify himself or herself in any proceeding in which his or her impartiality might reasonably be questioned.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 7 GCA \'a7 6105(a); }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15548131\charrsid6043692 In re}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15548131\charrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Focus Media Inc. v. NBC}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
, 378 F.3d 916, 929 (9th Cir. 2004).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The purpose of this requirement is to avoid even the appearance of bias.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Van Dox v. Super}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 . Ct.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2008 Guam 7 at \'b6 32; }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 see also Liljeberg v. Health Servs. Acquisition Corp}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ., 486 U.S. 847, 860 (1988).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 An objective test is employed.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 People v. Johnny}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2006 Guam 1}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 0}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8797457\charrsid6043692 at \'b6 20.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Under the reasonable person 
standard, a Guam court inquires whether a reasonable person would have a reasonable basis for questioning the judge}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s impartiality, not whether the judge is impartial.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Sule v. Guam Bd. of Dental Exam}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 rs}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  2008 Guam 20 at \'b6 14, citing }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 United States v. Cherry}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 330 F.3d 658, 665 (4th Cir.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 2003).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Thus, the court asks whether a person with knowledge of all the facts would perceive a significant risk that the judge will resolve the case on a basis other than the merits.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Clemens v. U.S. Dist. Ct.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 428 F.3d 1175, 
1178 (9th Cir. 2005).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 34}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Bayliss v. Barnhart}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
, 427 F.3d 1211 (9th Cir. 2005), the Ninth Circuit held that partiality stemming from an earlier ruling in the same proceeding is only grounds for disqualification where the applicant can show that the judge}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s behavior }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 was so extreme as to display clear inability to render fair judgment.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  427 F.3d at 1214-15}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4470765\charrsid6043692  (internal quotation marks omitted)}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 On the other hand, }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15548131\charrsid6043692 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
xpressions of impatience, dissatisfaction, annoyance, and even anger, that are within the bounds of what imperfect men and women . . . sometimes display}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  do not establish bias.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Liteky}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 510 U.S. at 555-56.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 35}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 After reviewing the relevant cases, we hold that the statements made in 2008 Guam 21 and 2009 Guam
 3 are not grounds for disqualification.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
The statements by the justices in 2008 Guam 21 and 2009 Guam 3 simply do not rise to the level of extreme judicial behavior that displays the deep-seated favoritism for or antagonism against a party that would render fair judgment impossible.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In fact, the finding that the conflict wall had not been effective in this case was expressly based on the record before the Court.
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Even the justices}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  seeming annoyance with Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s behavior when the Court stated that Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s actions reflected poorly on the Attorney General}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s Office is not grounds for disqualification under the Ninth Circuit}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s ruling in }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Bayliss v. Barnhart}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
, 427 F.3d 1211 (9th Cir. 2005).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Thus, the justices should not be disqualified from participating in th
e present appeal based on their statements in 2008 Guam 21 or 2009 Guam 3.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Since this is the only ground on which Moylan challenges Justice Pro Tempore Benson}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s participation, the statement of objection as to Justice Benson is hereby dismissed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8797457\charrsid6043692 2.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Chief Justice Torres}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s and Associate Justice Carbullido
}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8797457\charrsid6043692 s participation in Moylan}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8797457\charrsid6043692 s }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Divorce Proceedings}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 36}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan contends that Chief Justice Torres and Associate Justice Carbullido should be automatically disqualified under 7 GCA \'a7
 6105(b)(1) and (2) for their participation in Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s divorce proceedings while the justices were in private practice.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Moylan further contends that even if the justices do not fall within the statutory language of subsections (b)(1) and (b)(2) that they should nonetheless be disqua
lified under subsection (a) because their participation in the divorce proceedings would lead a reasonable person to question their impartiality.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Since Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s objections to Chief Justice Torres and Justice Carbullido revolve around similar factual circumstances and he seeks disqualification based on the same statutory grounds, both challenges will be considered together.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 a.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Chief Justice Torres}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s participation in Moylan}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s divorce proceeding}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 37}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Prior to his appointment to the bench, Chief Justice Torres was in private practice with the law firm of Robert J. Torres, P.C.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan was employed as an associate in Justice Torres}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s former law firm.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 While employed at Chief Justice Torres}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s firm Moylan was undergoing divorce proceedings (domestic case numbers
 DM0929-96 and DM0429-96) involving his former wife, Doris Leon Guerrero.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 38}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Doris Leon Guerrero}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s first cousin is Gloria Leon Guerrero Bukikosa Tennessen. Gloria Tennessen is the wife of Gene Tennessen (the named defendant in this case).}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In 2004, cri
minal proceedings were instituted against Moylan based on the allegation of domestic assault made by his former wife Doris Leon Guerrero.}{\cs16\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s15\ql \li90\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin90\itap0\pararsid16722786 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid6043692  }{\cs16\super\insrsid15105089 \chftn }{\insrsid15105089 
 Moylan was ultimately acquitted of all charges at trial.}}}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Gene Tennessen was listed as a witness in the criminal p
roceedings against Moylan.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 At the same time, Gene Tennessen was being prosecuted for theft and official misconduct.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Based on these circumstances, the trial judge in Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s case issued an order shielding Moylan \endash  the then-acting Attorney General of Guam \endash  from participating in Tennessen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s prosecution. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 39}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Chief Justice Torres admits that his former law firm was the attorney of record in Moylan}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s divorce proceedings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Chief Justice Torres states that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Moylan, as an associate of the Firm, personally signed the complaint and amended complaint for dissolution of marriage, as well as the stipulation and order staying the child support and visitation hearing in DM0429-96.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  Answer to Statement of Objection}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3106894\charrsid6043692  re
 Chief Justice Torres at 4 \'b6}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  5}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3106894\charrsid6043692  (Mar. 5, 2010)}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Chief Justice Torres also states that during the course of Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s divorce proceedings he signed notices to take the deposition of two witnesses.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Chief Justice Torres denies having any recollection of 
any communications with Moylan or any other attorney of the firm concerning Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s divorce proceedings.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
He also denies having any personal knowledge of the facts underlying the conflict wall that is at issue in this appeal and states that he has }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 no recollection of ever having discussed with Moylan any matters pertaining to his domestic relations with Doris Leon Guerrero.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Id.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  at}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3106894\charrsid6043692  5 \'b6 }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 10.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 b.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Associate Justice Carbullido}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s participation in Moylan}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s divorce proceeding}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8797457 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 40}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Prior to being appointed to the bench}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16589980\charrsid6043692 ,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  Associate Justice Carbullido was the managing partner of the former Carbullido Bordallo & Brooks LLP law firm.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Justice Carbullido}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s former law firm represented Doris Leon Guerrero in the divorce proceedings between her and Moylan.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Justice Ca
rbullido states in his answer to Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s objection that Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s divorce proceeding was handled by Sandra D. Lynch, an associate in Justice Carbullido}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s former law firm.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Justice Carbullido states that }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [o]ther than handling the case intake and assigning 
the case to Attorney Lynch, I do not have any recollection of discussing the domestic case with Ms. Leon Guerrero.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16589980\charrsid6043692 Answer of}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Justice}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16589980\charrsid6043692  F. Philip}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  Carbullido to Statement of Objection at 3 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16589980\charrsid6043692 \'b6 }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 5}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16589980\charrsid6043692  (Mar. 5, 2010)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 c.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Disqualification under 7 GCA \'a7 6105(b)(2)}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 41}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Subsection (b)(2) of the disqualification statute provides for the automatic disqualification of a judge }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
[w]here in private practice he or she served as a lawyer in the matter in controversy, or a lawyer with whom he or she previously practiced law served during such association as a lawyer or either has been a material witness concerning the matter.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  7 GCA \'a7 6105(b)(2).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 When seeking disqualification based on any of the grounds set forth in \'a7 6105(b) the party filing the statement of objection must demonstrate actual bias.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Van Dox v. Super. Ct.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2008 Guam 7 \'b6 32 (citing }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Dizon v. Super. Ct. (People)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 1998 Guam 3 \'b6 10 n.3).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 42}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Title 7 GCA \'a7 6105(b)(2) is facially inapplicable.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Neither Chief Justice Torres nor Associate Justice Carbullido served as an attorney or were associated with an attorney who acted as counsel in the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 matter in controversy}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  in the present appeal, which concerns whether Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s due process rights were violated when the trial court issued its order without giving Moylan the opportunity to respond. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 43}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Although the phrase }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 matter in controversy}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  is not defined in either \'a7
 6105 or 28 U.S.C.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10621685\charrsid6043692 A.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  \'a7
 455, the Eighth Circuit has held that in determining whether two proceedings are the same }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 matter in controversy}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  for the purposes of subsection (b)(2), courts should }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 look to the substance of the issues argued and decided in the two proceedings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Little Rock Sch. Dist. v. Armstrong}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 359 F.3d 957, 960 (8th Cir. 2004).}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The Eighth}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3295594\charrsid6043692  Circuit has also stated that t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 he question revolves around whether the issues in dispute are }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 sufficiently related}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  so as to constitute the same matter in controversy.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In re Apex Oil Co.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 981 F.2d 302, 30}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10621685\charrsid6043692 3-30}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 4 (8th Cir. 1992).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Furthermore, }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [t]he fact that the two suits might have some facts in common is not controlling.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Dixie Carriers, Inc. v. Channel Fueling Serv., Inc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
., 669 F. Supp. 150, 152 (E.D. Texas 1987) (citing }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Chitimacha Tribe of }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10621685\charrsid6043692 La.}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  v. Harry L. Laws Co}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 ., 690 F.2d 1157 (5th Cir. 1982)).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 44}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3083808\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Using the Eight Circuit}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s test and looking at the substance of the issues in the two proceedings, it is clear tha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3295594\charrsid6043692 t Moylan}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3295594\charrsid6043692 s divorce proceedings are}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  not part of the same }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 matter in controversy}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  as Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s present appeal.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Even if, as Moylan argues, the divorce proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3295594\charrsid6043692 s shared}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  certain facts in common with }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3295594\charrsid6043692 the events that led to the order erecting }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 a conflict wall to screen Moylan from his criminal prosecution, the issues in dispute are not sufficiently related to constitute the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1396239\charrsid6043692  same matter in controversy.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s appeal raises a discrete legal question \endash  whether the trial court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s order constituted an unconstitutional prior restraint on Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s First Amendment right to the Freedom of Speech.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s divorce proceedings are entirely unrelated to the resolution of whether the trial court violated Moylan}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s constitutional rights.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2035770\charrsid6043692 To borrow the words of the Fourth}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  Circuit, any connection between the justices}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  representation of Moylan or his ex-wife and the current appeal is simply }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 too attenuated to be considered the same matter in controversy.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2035770\charrsid6043692 United States v. DeTemple}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2035770\charrsid6043692 , 162 F.3d 279, 286 (4th Cir. 1998).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 
 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 d.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Disqualification under 7 GCA \'a7 6105(b)(1)}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 45}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Title 7 GCA \'a7 6105(b)(1) provides for the automatic disqualification of a judge }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [w]here he or she has }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10621685\charrsid6043692 a }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 personal bias or prejudice concerning a party, or personal knowledge of disputed evidentiary facts concerning the proceeding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 7 GCA \'a7 6105(b)(1).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
The next question is whether either justice has }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 personal knowledge of disputed evidentiary facts concerning the proceeding}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  warranting disqualification under 7 GCA \'a7 6105(b)(1).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 46}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 As to Chief Justice Torres, Moylan states that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [b]ased upon the Chief Justice}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s involvement in [Moylan}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s] domestic case as his former attorney . . . the Chief Justice has perso
nal knowledge about facts and circumstances pertaining to Doris Leon Guerrero and [Moylan] that underlie this appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Statement of Objection Re: Chief Justice Torres at 3 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15692494\charrsid6043692 \'b6 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 11.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 This falls far short of a statement showing the Chief Justice Torres has kno
wledge of any single evidentiary fact under dispute in the instant case.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 47}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 As to Associate Justice Carbullido, Moylan similarly argues that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [t]he lower court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s injunction against [Moylan] arose from domestic information that the Associate Justice}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s for
mer client, Doris Leon Guerrero, allegedly shared with Defendant Tennessen.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  Statement of Objection Re: Associate Justice Ca}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 rbullido at 4 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15692494\charrsid6043692 \'b6 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 15.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 Again}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
, he fails to explain how any single piece of the domestic information is an evidentiary fact under dispute in the instant case.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 48}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s assertions fail to point out a specific evidentiary fact }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 disputed in this appeal}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  of the Superior Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s denial of Moylan}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s motion to vacate the judgment, of which the Justices have personal knowledge.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Put another way, even if Justices}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 Torres and Carbullido obtained confidential facts during their representation of Moylan and his ex-wife in their divorce proceedings, which the justices deny, Moylan has failed to demonstrate how such facts would be in dispute in the pre
sent proceeding, warranting disqualification of the justices pursuant to \'a7 6105(b)(1).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 e.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Disqualification under 7 GCA \'a7 6105(a)}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 49}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The final issue is whether the justices}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  representation of Moylan and his ex-wife in their divorce proceedings creates an appearance of partiality warranting disqualification under \'a7 6105(a).}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
As previously stated, Guam courts apply an objective, reasonable person standard in determining whether there is an appearance of bias meriting disqualification.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 See, e.g., People v. Johnny}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 2006 Guam 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10621685\charrsid6043692 0}
{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 at \'b6 20.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The grounds asserted in a recusal motion }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
must be scrutinized with care, and judges should not recuse themselves solely because a party claims an appearance of partiality.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In re Aguind}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10621685\charrsid6043692 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 241 F.3d 194, 2
01 (2d Cir. 2001).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The Tenth Circuit has held that neither }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 [r]umor, speculation, beliefs, conclusions, innuendo, suspicion, opinion, and similar non-factual matters[,] [nor] mere familiarity with the defendant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  give rise to disqualification under the federal disqualification statute.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Nichols v. Alley}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 71 F.3d 347, 351 (10th Cir. 1995).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 As the justices in this case point out, judges and justices have }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 as strong a duty to sit when there is no legitimate reason to recuse as [they] do[] to recuse when the law and facts require.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Nichols v. Alley}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 , 71 F.3d 347, 351 (10th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 Cir. 1995).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3083808\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 50}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
Although Moylan argues that a reasonable person fully informed of all the relevant facts surrounding the challenge to Chief Justice Torres and Justice Carbullido stemming from their former law firm}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s involvement in Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s divorce proceedings might harbor some doubt as to the propriety of having the justices remain on this case, the relevant federal authority suggests otherwise.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Idaho v. Freeman}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  the court held that w
hen analyzing whether a judge should be disqualified for the appearance of partiality, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
[i]f a case is one which presents only a question of law, as compared to finding facts or applying law to facts, then disqualification is much less appropriate.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 " }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 507 F. Supp. 706, 728 (D. Idaho 1981) (citing }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2035770\charrsid6043692 Notes,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2035770\charrsid6043692  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Disqualification of Judges and Justices in the Federal Courts}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 , 86 Harv. L. Rev. 736, 758-59 (1973)).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 51}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In this case, the sole issue to be determined on appeal is the legal question of whether the trial court}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s order violated Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s constitutional right to due process and infringed upon his first amendment right to free speech.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 The trial court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s factual considerations in deciding to issue the order are not therefore at iss}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3295594\charrsid6043692 ue and thus are not before the C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
ourt in this appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Since there are no disputed facts that require determination it seems unlikely that a }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 reasonable person}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  would question the justices}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 impartiality in this case based on their involvement as private attorneys in Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s earlier divorce proceedings.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
The reasonable, well-informed, thoughtful observer would be cognizant of the fact that the issue before the Court is whether the trial court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s order constituted an unconstitutional prior restraint on Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s First Amendment right to the Freedom of Sp}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid18509\charrsid6043692 eech, which}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  is a legal question wholly separate and distinct from the justices}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  prior representation of Moylan and his ex-wife in their divorce proceedings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Accordingly, we find that Justice Torres}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s and Carbullido}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s involvement in Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s divorce proceedings does not raise the appearance of partiality within the meaning of 7 GCA \'a7 6105(a).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4208108\charrsid6043692 III.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 CONCLUSION}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10445458\charrsid6043692 [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9705962\charrsid6043692 52}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3434454\charrsid6043692 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 This case }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3295594\charrsid6043692 represents a procedural anomaly}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692  in which Moylan \endash  as the former Attorney General of Guam \endash  has attempted to bootstrap a
 claim onto a criminal case prosecuted by his office in an effort to attack an order that allegedly violated his constitutional rights.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448374\charrsid6043692 Adding an extra layer of irregularity, Moylan has now sought the disqualification of all three members of the Supreme Court on appeal.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 In enacting 7 GCA \'a7 6107 the legislature provided that only a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 party to such action or proceeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
 may file a statement of objection seeking the disqualification of a judge or justice under the grounds set forth in 7 GCA \'a7 6105.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Given the statutory language and this Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
s prior rulings concerning the disqualification statute we cannot escape the conclusion that since Moylan was not a party to the action below he should not be able to avail himself of the procedures set forth in \'a7 6107 to
 seek disqualification of the justices on appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 However, since this case will be heard by the Court }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448374\charrsid6043692 sitting }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
on the merits, and Moylan has alleged that the justices making up the merits panel are biased, in an effort to dispel the notion that Moylan will not receive a fair hearing this panel has decided to reach the merits of Moylan}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s disqualification request and has found that Moylan has stated no grounds under 7 GCA \'a7 6105 warranting disqualification.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Accordingly, Moylan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 s statements of objection are hereby }{\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 Dismissed}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 .
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15105089\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15105089\charrsid6043692 JOHN A. MANGLONA
\par Justice }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15105089\charrsid6043692 Pro Tempore
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15105089\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 ALEXANDRO C. CASTRO}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15105089\charrsid6043692 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 Justice }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 Pro Tempore}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15105089\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043692\charrsid6043692 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6043692 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15105089\charrsid6043692 MIGUEL S. DEMAPAN
\par Chief Justice }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15105089\charrsid6043692 Pro Tempore}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722786\charrsid6043692 
\par }}