{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f38\fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604030504040204}Verdana;}
{\f39\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\f40\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\f42\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f43\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\f44\froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\f45\froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\f46\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f47\froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\f419\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Verdana CE;}{\f420\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Verdana Cyr;}{\f422\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Verdana Greek;}{\f423\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Verdana Tur;}{\f426\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Verdana Baltic;}
{\f427\fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Verdana (Vietnamese);}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;
\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 Normal;}{
\s2\ql \li135\ri135\sb30\sa30\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin135\lin135\itap0 \fs24\ul\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext0 heading 2;}{
\s3\ql \fi720\li0\ri135\sb30\sa30\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin135\lin0\itap0 \fs24\ul\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext0 heading 3;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden 
Default Paragraph Font;}{\*\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\langnp1024\langfenp1024 \snext11 \ssemihidden Normal Table;}{
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 \ssemihidden footnote text;}{\*\cs16 \additive \super \sbasedon10 \ssemihidden 
footnote reference;}{\*\cs17 \additive \ul\cf2 \sbasedon10 Hyperlink;}{\s18\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \b\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext18 Title;}{\s19\qj \li360\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext19 Body Text Indent 3;}{
\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext20 footer;}{\*\cs21 \additive \sbasedon10 page number;}{\*\cs22 
\additive \f38\fs19 \sbasedon10 documentbody1;}{\s23\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext23 header;}{\*\cs24 
\additive \ul\cf2 SYS_HYPERTEXT;}{\s25\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx0\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext25 Body Text In;}{\s26\ql \li360\ri0\sa120\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext26 Body Text Indent 2;}{\s27\ql \li360\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext27 Body Text 2;}{\s28\ql \li1440\ri1440\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext28 Block Text;}{\*\cs29 \additive \sbasedon10 
searchterm;}{\*\cs30 \additive \b\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat7 \sbasedon10 searchterm1;}{\s31\ql \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext31 Body Text;}{\s32\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx0\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext32 footnote tex;}
{\*\cs33 \additive \sbasedon10 \styrsid10385102 documentbody;}}{\*\listtable{\list\listtemplateid-250027104\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1080\jclisttab\tx1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li1800\jclisttab\tx1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace720\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2700\jclisttab\tx2700\lin2700 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3240\jclisttab\tx3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\jclisttab\tx3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4680\jclisttab\tx4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5400\jclisttab\tx5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers
\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\jclisttab\tx6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6840
\jclisttab\tx6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid698626562}{\list\listtemplateid-1840222888\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc3\levelnfcn3\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698709
\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1107695847}{\list\listtemplateid1465021474\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc3\levelnfcn3\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li360\jclisttab\tx360\lin360 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers
\'01;}\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1080\jclisttab\tx1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 
\fi-180\li1800\jclisttab\tx1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2520\jclisttab\tx2520\lin2520 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3240\jclisttab\tx3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2
\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li3960\jclisttab\tx3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4680\jclisttab\tx4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5400\jclisttab\tx5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers
\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6120\jclisttab\tx6120\lin6120 }{\listname ;}\listid2142574172}}{\*\listoverridetable{\listoverride\listid2142574172\listoverridecount0\ls1}{\listoverride\listid698626562\listoverridecount0\ls2}{\listoverride\listid1107695847
\listoverridecount0\ls3}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid16319\rsid22292\rsid66511\rsid73658\rsid131314\rsid140653\rsid145171\rsid211668\rsid214170\rsid219225\rsid276005\rsid282788\rsid333479\rsid352634\rsid526023\rsid721300\rsid804343\rsid867135\rsid869847\rsid872648
\rsid926519\rsid1069731\rsid1073301\rsid1132416\rsid1145135\rsid1249275\rsid1263898\rsid1275868\rsid1323138\rsid1396672\rsid1446089\rsid1449002\rsid1453036\rsid1512621\rsid1537103\rsid1838091\rsid1904154\rsid1908342\rsid1909457\rsid1972327\rsid2035122
\rsid2053897\rsid2058501\rsid2104306\rsid2109392\rsid2129660\rsid2234316\rsid2252158\rsid2296904\rsid2310669\rsid2312369\rsid2361706\rsid2381497\rsid2585781\rsid2622340\rsid2653844\rsid2765263\rsid2823453\rsid2844725\rsid2846270\rsid2966204\rsid3022693
\rsid3041647\rsid3043882\rsid3227045\rsid3287653\rsid3302504\rsid3412451\rsid3432471\rsid3492255\rsid3500356\rsid3542764\rsid3559536\rsid3567371\rsid3568117\rsid3624112\rsid3632229\rsid3683003\rsid3690466\rsid3752729\rsid3813068\rsid3833266\rsid3896052
\rsid3998021\rsid4004391\rsid4011653\rsid4012203\rsid4018537\rsid4027341\rsid4132295\rsid4133792\rsid4159694\rsid4196544\rsid4205932\rsid4417652\rsid4465132\rsid4532620\rsid4534936\rsid4534978\rsid4552413\rsid4609168\rsid4749595\rsid4749870\rsid4784626
\rsid4785374\rsid4795961\rsid4799785\rsid4858629\rsid4866442\rsid4871480\rsid4927385\rsid4935962\rsid4947091\rsid5119533\rsid5129550\rsid5131355\rsid5197153\rsid5243215\rsid5313310\rsid5335851\rsid5376131\rsid5405427\rsid5459653\rsid5460715\rsid5516017
\rsid5596744\rsid5654308\rsid5710797\rsid5714805\rsid5833860\rsid5848708\rsid5860704\rsid5992472\rsid6098855\rsid6116899\rsid6123630\rsid6181557\rsid6254760\rsid6313335\rsid6368848\rsid6373413\rsid6388854\rsid6425021\rsid6429347\rsid6437188\rsid6567269
\rsid6574203\rsid6579634\rsid6584829\rsid6631195\rsid6648773\rsid6686566\rsid6695975\rsid6756704\rsid6825977\rsid6833789\rsid6834284\rsid6883412\rsid7043702\rsid7092714\rsid7154486\rsid7166836\rsid7168017\rsid7214287\rsid7214399\rsid7216185\rsid7295043
\rsid7300742\rsid7342262\rsid7342718\rsid7423734\rsid7426716\rsid7485563\rsid7485564\rsid7544859\rsid7554027\rsid7611902\rsid7628371\rsid7670250\rsid7678815\rsid7696500\rsid7735658\rsid7874190\rsid7939573\rsid8006857\rsid8008818\rsid8021906\rsid8067101
\rsid8073575\rsid8087775\rsid8090351\rsid8193035\rsid8222453\rsid8270585\rsid8287197\rsid8288670\rsid8343237\rsid8348121\rsid8396734\rsid8533944\rsid8550371\rsid8602027\rsid8664325\rsid8680303\rsid8682007\rsid8811376\rsid8813938\rsid8859096\rsid8864100
\rsid8872042\rsid8875280\rsid8877663\rsid8879476\rsid8928589\rsid8941677\rsid8992243\rsid9003420\rsid9058057\rsid9112691\rsid9115238\rsid9188992\rsid9201733\rsid9257910\rsid9258725\rsid9262175\rsid9308588\rsid9313986\rsid9322597\rsid9329628\rsid9450376
\rsid9452855\rsid9461270\rsid9506827\rsid9512293\rsid9569659\rsid9588075\rsid9591995\rsid9655489\rsid9663237\rsid9707164\rsid9707865\rsid9723416\rsid9765475\rsid9901108\rsid9913725\rsid9921857\rsid9981665\rsid9983069\rsid9984287\rsid10028029\rsid10031896
\rsid10102199\rsid10108854\rsid10119883\rsid10159324\rsid10182229\rsid10385102\rsid10436572\rsid10450929\rsid10493653\rsid10497723\rsid10555308\rsid10570334\rsid10577684\rsid10687833\rsid10709452\rsid10779140\rsid10823769\rsid10825785\rsid10836818
\rsid10888227\rsid10902248\rsid10905763\rsid10950925\rsid10967107\rsid11027267\rsid11107937\rsid11162363\rsid11215532\rsid11303183\rsid11404556\rsid11471345\rsid11477454\rsid11489640\rsid11492677\rsid11563659\rsid11618389\rsid11670358\rsid11681623
\rsid11681796\rsid11689559\rsid11695856\rsid11758776\rsid11811294\rsid11817653\rsid11821235\rsid11823594\rsid11878072\rsid11936477\rsid11941369\rsid11953674\rsid12017168\rsid12059716\rsid12060286\rsid12067839\rsid12134073\rsid12217660\rsid12219371
\rsid12277196\rsid12329337\rsid12334434\rsid12339273\rsid12339411\rsid12344847\rsid12390468\rsid12396720\rsid12403666\rsid12404787\rsid12410308\rsid12455809\rsid12455961\rsid12525999\rsid12530510\rsid12532184\rsid12546366\rsid12549313\rsid12596236
\rsid12649257\rsid12795629\rsid12804867\rsid12846153\rsid12851168\rsid12915621\rsid12938014\rsid12942543\rsid13048431\rsid13195895\rsid13197177\rsid13239659\rsid13240219\rsid13331438\rsid13389753\rsid13452901\rsid13520324\rsid13523640\rsid13572361
\rsid13640052\rsid13897274\rsid13922014\rsid14040976\rsid14094651\rsid14121626\rsid14122931\rsid14297036\rsid14363311\rsid14443544\rsid14487608\rsid14575757\rsid14624454\rsid14684631\rsid14687002\rsid14696821\rsid14708780\rsid14762386\rsid14762562
\rsid14771823\rsid14823925\rsid14843812\rsid14897779\rsid14942457\rsid14946327\rsid14960637\rsid14971149\rsid15090918\rsid15153725\rsid15166676\rsid15168210\rsid15231585\rsid15236496\rsid15283776\rsid15300178\rsid15345395\rsid15401086\rsid15404041
\rsid15492775\rsid15549289\rsid15616831\rsid15627946\rsid15684275\rsid15730101\rsid15796485\rsid15817864\rsid15860213\rsid15889178\rsid15933991\rsid15999771\rsid16195902\rsid16218856\rsid16263819\rsid16329126\rsid16330706\rsid16527793\rsid16530205
\rsid16546626\rsid16607850\rsid16659768\rsid16661784}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 10.0.6829;}{\info{\title People v. Rios, CRA07-003}{\subject criminal}{\author Supreme Court of Guam}{\operator freriks_k}{\creatim\yr2008\mo12\dy19\hr11\min7}
{\revtim\yr2009\mo1\dy7\hr10\min10}{\printim\yr2008\mo12\dy17\hr8\min10}{\version9}{\edmins19}{\nofpages14}{\nofwords4806}{\nofchars27398}{\*\manager Judiciary of Guam}{\*\company Government of Guam}{\nofcharsws32140}{\vern16393}{\*\password 00000000}}
{\*\xmlnstbl }\paperw12240\paperh15840\margl1440\margr1440\margt1440\margb432\gutter0 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\grfdocevents0\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1440
\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1\dgvshow1\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\rsidroot14897779 \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 013f}{\*\ftnsep \pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid8811376 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid8811376 \chftnsepc 
\par }{\fs16\insrsid8811376 Cont\rquote d.}{\fs16\insrsid8811376\charrsid73658 
\par }}{\*\ftncn \pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid73658 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid8811376\charrsid73658 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid8811376 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid8811376 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\sectd \psz1\sbknone\pgnrestart\linex0\headery1440\footery432\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid73658\sftnbj {\headerf \pard\plain \s23\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid8928589 
\par }}{\footerf \pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid8928589 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16546626 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14040976 {\b\insrsid4935962\charrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16546626 {\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 PEOPLE OF GUAM,
\par Plaintiff-Appell}{\b\insrsid7216185\charrsid16546626 ant}{\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 ,
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14040976 {\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16546626 {\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 v.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14040976 {\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16546626 {\b\insrsid7216185\charrsid16546626 JOHN A. RIOS AND CARL T. C. GUTIERREZ}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 ,

\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 Defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 s}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 -Appell}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 ees}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14040976 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10031896\charrsid4935962 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10031896\charrsid4935962 Supreme Court Case No.: CRA07-003
\par Superior Court Case No.: C}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5459653\charrsid4935962 F}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10031896\charrsid4935962 0401-05
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14040976 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16546626 {\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 OPINION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14040976 {\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16546626 {\b\insrsid10182229\charrsid16546626 Filed:}{\b\insrsid4935962\charrsid16546626  }{\b\insrsid10182229\charrsid16546626 December 17, 2008
\par }{\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 Cite as: 2008 Guam }{\b\insrsid5459653\charrsid16546626 22}{\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14040976 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam
\par Argued and submitted on }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 July 3, 2007}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14040976 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 
\par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts11\trqc\trgaph120\trleft-120\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl120\trpaddr120\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4680\clshdrawnil \cellx4560\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4680\clshdrawnil \cellx9240\pard 
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid4935962 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 Appearing for }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
Plaintiff-Appellant}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 William Bischoff, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 Esq}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 .
\par Office of the Attorney General
\par General Crimes Division
\par 287 W O\rquote Brien Dr}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5129550\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, G}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9188992\charrsid4935962 U}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 96910
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 \cell }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 Appearing for }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 Defendants}{
\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 -Appellee}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 s}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 :}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 F. Randall Cunliffe, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 Esq.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
\par Cunliffe & Cook
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14443544\charrsid4935962 210 Arch}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 bishop Flores St}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5129550\charrsid4935962 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, G}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9188992\charrsid4935962 U}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 96910
\par 
\par Michael F. Phillips, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 Esq}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 .
\par Phillips & Bordallo
\par 410 W O\rquote Brien Dr
\par Suite 102
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, G}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9188992\charrsid4935962 U}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 96910}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 
\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts11\trqc\trgaph120\trleft-120\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl120\trpaddr120\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4680\clshdrawnil \cellx4560\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4680\clshdrawnil \cellx9240\row }\pard 
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid73658\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 BEFORE: ROBERT J. TORRES, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 Presiding}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962  Justice;}{
\cs16\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs16\fs24\super\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \chftn }{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  Justice Torres assumed the title of Chief Justice prior to the issuance of this Opinion.}{
\fs24\insrsid10687833 
\par }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 ROBERT G}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14624454\charrsid4935962 .P}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 . CRUZ}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 , Justice }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 Pro Tempore}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 ; EDWARD MANIBUSAN, Justice }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 Pro Tempore}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 . }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li-1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin-1440\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16546626 {\b\insrsid7216185\charrsid16546626 TORRES}{\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 , J.:
\par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 \b\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626\charrsid4935962 

\par }{\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9188992\charrsid4935962 [1]}{\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
Plaintiff-Appellant People of Guam (}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 the People}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 ) appeal from the trial court\rquote s }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2104306\charrsid4935962 decision }{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 to dismiss }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2104306\charrsid4935962 a criminal }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962 
indictment against}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  Defendant}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962 s}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
-Appellee}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962 s}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  John A. Rios and Carl}{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962  T.C.}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  Gutierrez (}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 Defendants}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 ).}{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962 Prior to t}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962 he dismissal}{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962 , an}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid526023\charrsid4935962  earlier criminal indictment had}{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962  }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962 also }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962 
been dismissed, and the People had appealed to this court.}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962 
Soon after, the People voluntarily dismissed their appeal and decided instead to file a revised }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12938014\charrsid4935962 complaint}{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962  against Defendants.}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12938014\charrsid4935962 
A second indictment ensued.}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962 The trial court interpreted 8}{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12938014\charrsid4935962  GCA \'a7 130.20(b) to mean that a criminal action}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962 
, once dismissed and subsequently appealed, cannot then be refiled against a defendant.}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962 We interpret 8 GCA \'a7
 130.20(b) more narrowly and conclude that the bar against refiling }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid869847\charrsid4935962 an }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12938014\charrsid4935962 action}{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962  applies }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14443544\charrsid4935962 only when }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14575757\charrsid4935962 
the government has appealed}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14443544\charrsid4935962  from a}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962  statutory }{
\b0\i\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12804867\charrsid4935962 nolle prose}{\b0\i\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962 qui}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707164\charrsid4935962  }{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14575757\charrsid4935962 dismissal or similar order}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14443544\charrsid4935962  terminating the action}{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid869847\charrsid4935962 .}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid869847\charrsid4935962 
Because the original indictment in the present case was }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14575757\charrsid4935962 
simply dismissed for failing to allege that a crime had occurred, and because such dismissals are not appealable under 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5)}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid869847\charrsid4935962 , refiling of }{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14575757\charrsid4935962 a new}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid869847\charrsid4935962  indictment after appeal would not be barred by 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b).}{
\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid869847\charrsid4935962 The dismissal is therefore reversed.}{\b0\ulnone\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
\par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6695975 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 I.}{\b\insrsid131314\charrsid16546626  }{
\b\insrsid14575757\charrsid16546626 FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND}{\b\insrsid16527793\charrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid872648\charrsid4935962 [2]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid872648\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9663237\charrsid4935962 A}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  grand jury returned a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4749595\charrsid4935962 sealed i}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 ndictment}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962  (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 first indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
charging Defendants with nine related theft offenses involving the Government of Guam Retirement Fund.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 A few weeks later}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 , the trial court issued a Decision and Order which dismissed without prejudice five charges of the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12938014\charrsid4935962  first}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
The court found that, as a matter of law, the People could not show that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 Defendant Gutierrez received property to which he was not privil
eged to infringe,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962  which resulted in the omission of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 a necessary element of the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 Defined Contributions}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  charges.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4749595\charrsid4935962 Appellant\rquote s Excerpts of Record for CRA05-0}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426716\charrsid4935962 08 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426716\charrsid4935962 CRA05-008 ER}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426716\charrsid4935962 ), }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7485563\charrsid4935962 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426716\charrsid4935962 ab 35 at 4}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4749595\charrsid4935962  (Dec. & Order, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426716\charrsid4935962 July 20, 2005}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4749595\charrsid4935962 )}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962  (emphasis in original)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4749595\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 After considering }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 both parties\rquote  motions for reconsideration, }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 the court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11162363\charrsid4935962 issued a Decision and Order dismissing}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  the remaining four charges against the Defendants}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962  without prejudice}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4749595\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid872648\charrsid4935962 [3]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid872648\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3227045\charrsid4935962 The People}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962  then}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  filed an appeal }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4749595\charrsid4935962 to}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  this court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 A few days later,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12938014\charrsid4935962  the trial court entered }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11162363\charrsid4935962 J}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 udgment }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11162363\charrsid4935962 confirming its earlier Decision and Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9663237\charrsid4935962 Subsequently}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 , the People moved to voluntarily dismiss its appeal}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 , which this court granted}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4749595\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [4]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 Two months later,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  the People }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 revised}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12938014\charrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962 their}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12938014\charrsid4935962  complaint}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962  and refiled the charges against Defendant}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9663237\charrsid4935962 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 A}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  grand}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4749595\charrsid4935962  jury eventually returned a superseding i}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 ndictment}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962  (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 second indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 , charging Defendants with twenty-one related theft offenses involving the Government of Guam Retirement Fund.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 Defendants moved to dismiss pursuant to 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 
, arguing that because an appeal had been taken, the charges could not be refiled against Defendants}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 On February 10, 2006, the trial court }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 agreed and dismissed}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11162363\charrsid4935962 all but two of the charges in the second indictment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9663237\charrsid4935962 The}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  People filed a motion for reconsideration}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9663237\charrsid4935962  on February 15, 2006, which}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962  was denied o}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 n March 12, 2}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 007}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4749595\charrsid4935962 . }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [5]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9663237\charrsid4935962 T}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 he People }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 filed a Notice of Appeal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9663237\charrsid4935962  on March 16, 2007}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 .
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6695975 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid16546626 II. J}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14575757\charrsid16546626 
URISDICTION}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [6]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 T}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11162363\charrsid4935962 h}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9313986\charrsid4935962 is court has jurisdiction to hear appeals from the Superior Court of Guam pursuant to 48 U.S.C. \'a7
 1424-1(a)(2) (Westlaw 2008) and 7 GCA \'a7 3107(a).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9313986\charrsid4935962 The }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14843812\charrsid4935962 
parties assume that the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9313986\charrsid4935962 People are authorized to bring this appeal under }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11162363\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 , which provides that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
[a]n appeal may be taken by the government from . . . [a]n order or judgment dismissing or otherwise terminating the action before the defendant has been placed in jeopardy or where the defendant has waived }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11162363\charrsid4935962 jeopardy.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11162363\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  (2005)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3542764\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14843812\charrsid4935962 
However, as this opinion will explain in more detail below, the present appeal is authorized under 48 U.S.C. \'a7 1493(a) rather than 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14843812\charrsid4935962 Title 48 U.S.C. \'a7 1493(a) allows the government to appeal from }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14843812\charrsid4935962 
a decision, judgment, or order of a trial court dismissing an indictment or information as to any one or more counts, except that no review shall lie where the constitutional prohibition against double jeopardy would further prosecution.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14843812\charrsid4935962 48 U.S.C. \'a7 1492(a).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14843812\charrsid4935962 
Because}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9313986\charrsid4935962  t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11817653\charrsid4935962 he Defendants\rquote  case is still at the indictment stage, jeopardy has not yet attached.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11817653\charrsid4935962 See }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9313986\charrsid4935962 People v. Manila}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9313986\charrsid4935962 , 2005 Guam 6 \'b6 6 n.4 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11817653\charrsid4935962 (reciting the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid140653\charrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11817653\charrsid4935962 rule that jeopardy does not attach until the jury is }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9313986\charrsid4935962 empanelled in a jury trial }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid140653\charrsid4935962 or the first}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9313986\charrsid4935962  witness is sworn in a bench trial}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11817653\charrsid4935962 ).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9765475\charrsid4935962 We therefore find}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13195895\charrsid4935962  that this court has}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9765475\charrsid4935962  jurisdiction to hear the present appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [7]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2966204\charrsid4935962 The }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 Notice of Appeal was filed }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 on March 16, 2007, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 
more than ten days after }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2966204\charrsid4935962 the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 order dismissing the second indictment}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2966204\charrsid4935962 , which}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962  was entered }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 into the docket on February 10, 2006}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 
 Guam R. App. Proc. (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 GRAP}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 
) 4(b)(1)(A) (notice of appeal in criminal cases must be filed within ten days of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2966204\charrsid4935962 the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 order or judgment appealed}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 
However, the People did move for reconsideration}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 on February 15, 2006, which}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2966204\charrsid4935962 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962  under the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 r}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2966204\charrsid4935962 ule}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962  for }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 civil}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962  appeals}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2966204\charrsid4935962 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962  wo
uld have tolled the time for appeal until the motion was decided on}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  March 12, 2007.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 See }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 GRAP 4(a)(4)(A).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2966204\charrsid4935962 The federal courts, interpreting the substantially similar federal rules, have found this practice to be acceptable.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 Although a motion for reconsidera
tion of a district court order in a criminal action is not expressly authorized by the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, the Supreme Court has held that the timely filing of such a motion in a criminal action tolls the time for filing a notice of appea
l }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073301\charrsid4935962 and the time begins to run anew following disposition of the motion.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 
United States v. Vicaria}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 , 963 F.2d 1412, 1413}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073301\charrsid4935962 -14}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962  (11th Cir.}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9512293\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123630\charrsid4935962 1992)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9512293\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid140653\charrsid4935962 Applying the same reasoning to our own rules, we}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2966204\charrsid4935962  find that the People timely filed their Notice of Appeal on March 16, 2007.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6695975 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 III. S}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14575757\charrsid4935962 
TANDARD OF REVIEW}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [8]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 We review }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 de novo }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 the Superior Court\rquote s legal conclusions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 People v. Farata}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 , 2007 Guam 8 \'b6 14.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 Generally, a reviewing court considers a trial court\rquote s
 ultimate ruling on a motion to dismiss charges under an abuse-of-discretion standard, but where the issues present purely legal questions, the standard of review is }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 de novo}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 People v. King}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 , 852 N.E.2d 559, 560 (Ill. App. Ct. 2006).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 Because the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426716\charrsid4935962 Superior C}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 ourt\rquote s dismissal was based on the legal determination that 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962  prevented }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493653\charrsid4935962 the second indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 , }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 we will}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  conduct}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962  a}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 de novo}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  review.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 See United States v. La Cock}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 , 366 F.3d 883, 888 (10th Cir. 2004) (}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 
[I]f . . . the court dismisses the indictment based on its interpretation of the governing statutes, that is a legal determination we review de novo.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10823769\charrsid4935962 ).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6695975 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 IV.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid131314\charrsid4935962  D}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14575757\charrsid4935962 ISCUSSION}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [9]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Title 8 GCA \'a7
 130.20 grants the government the right to appeal certain orders that arise during criminal prosecutions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9663237\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 130.20 (2005).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9663237\charrsid4935962 Defendants argue that the appeal taken by the government}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
 in the present case is }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9663237\charrsid4935962 from}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 [a]n order or judgment dismissing or otherwise terminating the action}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962  before the defendant has been placed in 
jeopardy or where the defendant has waived jeopardy}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7
 130.20(a)(5).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Title 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b) states that when such an appeal is }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 taken}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9663237\charrsid4935962 
pursuant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  to 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5), the prosecutor}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10888227\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10888227\charrsid4935962 shall be prohibited from refi}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 ling the action which was appealed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Here, the government appealed an order dismissing }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962 the first indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
, but voluntarily dismissed the appeal several months later and filed a second, but similar, complaint against }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9663237\charrsid4935962 D}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 efendants.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 The question}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid526023\charrsid4935962  before this court}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  is whether the filing of the second }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11953674\charrsid4935962 complaint}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
 is barred by 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid526023\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [10]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2585781\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962 The government argues that }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 sub}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962 section 130.20(b) would not apply because the appeal was voluntarily dismissed and therefore not }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962 taken}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962  pursuant to t
he language of 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962 
The government also argues that the second indictment is sufficiently different from the first to constitute a separate }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962 action}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962  not subject to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 sub}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962 section 130.20(b).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962 Defendants argue that the appeal was }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962 taken}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962 
 when it was filed and that the second indictment was similar enough to the first to be considered the same }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962 action}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962  for purposes of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962  130.20(b).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962 
We do not find it necessary to reach the merits of these arguments.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15345395\charrsid4935962 Instead, we conclude that dismiss
al of the first indictment was not appealable at all under 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5), and therefore the proscription against refiling in 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b) does not apply.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6368848\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [11]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10385102\charrsid4935962 \tab In reaching this conclusion, we }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7628371\charrsid4935962 must }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10385102\charrsid4935962 first examine }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426716\charrsid4935962 the nature of th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 e dismissal of the first indict
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426716\charrsid4935962 ment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 The dismissal was apparently the result of the prosecution\rquote 
s failure to show that Gutierrez violated the law.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 See }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 CRA05-008 ER, }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7485563\charrsid4935962 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 ab 35 at 4 (Dec}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7628371\charrsid4935962 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962  & Order).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 
More specifically, the court found that the indictment and subsequent memoranda failed to show that Gutierrez was not }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 privileged to infringe
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14762562\charrsid4935962  on retirement account funds}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 
 by retroactively enrolling in the Defined Contributions Plan.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14762562\charrsid4935962 ; }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14762562\charrsid4935962 see also }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14762562\charrsid4935962 9 GCA \'a7 43.10(e)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7485563\charrsid4935962  (2005)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14762562\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 
Although nothing in the record indicates what statutory authority the court }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14762562\charrsid4935962 relied upon}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 
 in dismissing the indictment, the dismissal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14762562\charrsid4935962  most likely}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962  falls under 8 GCA \'a7 45.80:
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 \'a7 45.80.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 Procedure Where Probable Cause Shown; Not Shown
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 . . . . 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6695975 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6695975 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 (b) }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 If from the evidence it appears that there is no probable cause to believe that an offense has been committed}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962  or that the defendant committed it, the court shall dismiss the complaint and discharge the defendant. }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 
Such discharge shall not preclude the government from instituting a subsequent prosecution for the same offense.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 45.80 (2005) (emphasis added).}{\cs16\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs16\fs24\super\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \chftn }{
\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  Compare Cal. Penal Code \'a7 995 (Westlaw 2008):}{\fs24\insrsid8928589 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\b\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \'a7 995. Grounds; motion to set aside; delay in final ruling }{
\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (a)}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
Subject to subdivision (b) of Section 995a, the indictment or information shall be set aside by the court in which the defendant is arraigned, upon his or her motion, in either of the following cases:
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri1440\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li1440\ri1440\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (1) If it is an indictment:
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri2160\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin2160\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li2160\ri2160\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin2160\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (A) Where it is not found, endorsed, and presented as prescribed in this code.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri2160\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin2160\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li2160\ri2160\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin2160\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (B) That the defendant has been indicted without reasonable or probable cause.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi720\li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (2) If it is an information:
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri2160\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin2160\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li2160\ri2160\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin2160\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
(A) That before the filing thereof the defendant had not been legally committed by a magistrate.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri2160\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin2160\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li2160\ri2160\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin2160\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (B) That the defendant had been committed without reasonable or probable cause.}{
\fs24\insrsid8928589 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri2160\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin2160\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
(b) In cases in which the procedure set out in subdivision (b) of Section 995a is utilized, the court shall reserve a final ruling on the motion until those procedures have been completed.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833 
\par }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 Alternatively, the court may have simply decided }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14762562\charrsid4935962 as a matter of law }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 that no crime was committed, similar to a demurrer under California law.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 
The court\rquote s reference to a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 privilege to infringe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962  suggests that it }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14762562\charrsid4935962 did not consider }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 the Defendants\rquote 
 activities to be criminal as a matter of law.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 See }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 
ER, tab 6 at 1 (Dec. & Order, July 25, 2005).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7628371\charrsid4935962 
The dismissal of the first indictment is therefore accurately described as an order setting aside }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2361706\charrsid4935962 an indictment }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7628371\charrsid4935962 
or granting Defendants}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962  summary judgment on an indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7628371\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9569659\charrsid4935962 The question is whether }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10836818\charrsid4935962 a dismissal of this type is }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9569659\charrsid4935962 
appealable und}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11758776\charrsid4935962 er }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9707865\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10836818\charrsid4935962 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426716\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [12]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10836818\charrsid4935962 In answering this question, we}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9569659\charrsid4935962  begin by examining}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426716\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10385102\charrsid4935962 the plain meaning of 8 GCA \'a7
 130.20(a)(5), which allows government appeals from }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10385102\charrsid4935962 [a]n order or judgment dismissing or otherwise terminating the action.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10385102\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 See }{\cs33\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10385102\charrsid4935962 Sumitomo Constr. Co. v. Gov\rquote t of Guam}{
\cs33\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10385102\charrsid4935962 , 2001 Guam 23 \'b6 17}{\cs33\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962  (}{\cs33\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\cs33\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 Absent clear legislative intent to the contrary, the plain meaning prevails.}{\cs33\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\cs33\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10385102\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10836818\charrsid4935962 
Although the first indictment was dismissed, one cannot say that the dismissal terminated the action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10836818\charrsid4935962 T}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10385102\charrsid4935962 he phrase }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10385102\charrsid4935962 or otherwise terminating the action}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10385102\charrsid4935962  creates an ambiguity in that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455809\charrsid4935962 action}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455809\charrsid4935962  might refer to a complete criminal cause of action or only }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7300742\charrsid4935962 to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455809\charrsid4935962 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 e subset of}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455809\charrsid4935962  charges }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 actually}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455809\charrsid4935962  dismissed.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455809\charrsid4935962 For example, only some of the charges in the first indictment were }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 
originally }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455809\charrsid4935962 dismissed, and there is a genuine question as to whether 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5) was intended to provide an avenue of appeal from such partial dismissals.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7300742\charrsid4935962 
This is because a dismissal of only some of the charges in a criminal complaint does not terminate the action, at least with respect to the remaining charges.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 See Anthony v. Super}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2585781\charrsid4935962 .}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962  C}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2585781\charrsid4935962 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 , }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4205932\charrsid4935962 1}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 67 Cal. Rptr. 246, 252 (Ct. App. 1980).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 In fact, it is not even clear 
that 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5) was intended to allow appeals during the pleading or indictment stage at all, since an action }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7696500\charrsid4935962 
might not be considered terminated if the prosecutor can revive it simply by filing an amended complaint.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7696500\charrsid4935962 See }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7696500\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 45.80 (failure to show probable}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7300742\charrsid4935962  cause}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7696500\charrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7300742\charrsid4935962 in the complaint }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7696500\charrsid4935962 does not bar subsequent prosecutions for the same offense).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7696500\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [13]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455809\charrsid4935962 
The fact that the statute is ambiguous requires us to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455809\charrsid4935962 employ other meth}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7300742\charrsid4935962 
ods of statutory interpretation}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7300742\charrsid4935962  besides simply examining the plain meaning.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455809\charrsid4935962 Long-Term Credit Bank of Japan v. Super. Ct.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455809\charrsid4935962 , 2003 Guam 10 \'b6 36.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 In particular, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 
our duty is to interpret statutes in light of their terms and legislative intent.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\cs33\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 Carlson v. Guam Tel. Auth}{
\cs33\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 ., 2002 Guam 15 \'b6 46 n. 7}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962  (quoting }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 People v. Flores}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 , 2004 Guam 18 \'b6 8).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 We therefore }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7696500\charrsid4935962 examine the circumstances surrounding enactment of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 130.20}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16661784\charrsid4935962 , any related or identical statutes in other jurisdictions, and }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7696500\charrsid4935962 any }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16661784\charrsid4935962 other }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7696500\charrsid4935962 relevant documentation}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4927385\charrsid4935962 
 for evidence of legislative intent.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid526023\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 A.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 The }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11489640\charrsid4935962 O}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962 rigin of}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  8 GCA \'a7 130.20
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [14]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 According to the compiler\rquote s comments, }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 
[s]ection 130 provides certain basic provisions relating to appeals which have been conformed generally to their federal or California counterparts.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 130.10}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid66511\charrsid4935962  (2005)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 , NOTE.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 The California counterpart to 8 GCA \'a7 130.20 is section 1238 of the California Penal Code.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 
 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 See }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 Cal. Penal Code \'a7 1238 (Westlaw 2008).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 Because of the strong similarities between Cal. Penal Code \'a7 1238 and 8 GCA \'a7 130.20, the Guam statute almost certainly derives from the California one, which m
akes California case law useful in its interpretation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 Cf. }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 
Zurich Ins. (Guam), Inc. v. Santos}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 , 2007 Guam 23 \'b6 7 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 
California case law is persuasive when there is no compelling reason to deviate from California}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 \rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 s interpretation.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 ).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [15]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 In}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  1933, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid66511\charrsid4935962 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 ection 1238 of the Guam Penal Code set forth when }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5710797\charrsid4935962 appeals may be taken by the nava}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 l government}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073301\charrsid4935962  in criminal cases
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 .}{\cs16\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs16\super\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \chftn }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  
In 1933, section 1238 of the Guam Penal Code stated:}{\insrsid8928589 
\par }{\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\b\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \'a7 1238. In what cases by the government.}{\insrsid10687833  }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  
An appeal may be taken by the naval government:}{\insrsid8928589 
\par }{\insrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri1440\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid6584829 1. }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 From an order setting aside the information;
\par 2. From a judgment for defendant on a demurrer to the accusation or information;}{\insrsid6584829 
\par }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 3. From an order granting a new trial;
\par 4. From an order arresting judgment;
\par 5. From an order made after judgment, affecting the substantial rights of the naval government.}{\insrsid8928589 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri1440\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Guam Penal Code \'a7 1238 (1933), }{
\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 accord}{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  Guam Penal Code \'a7 1238 (1947). }{\fs24\insrsid10687833 
\par }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 In 1953, section 1238 was enacted into law by the Guam Legislature unchanged, except for a reference to }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 government}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  rather than }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 naval government.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
Guam Penal Code \'a7 1238 (1953) (no changes through}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962  at least the 1960 Supplement).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962 Guam\rquote s }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 1953 version of section 1238}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962 
 is nearly identical to the version that existed in California between 1905 and 1935}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 .}{\cs16\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs16\super\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \chftn }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  
In 1905, section 1238 of the California Penal Code stated:}{\insrsid8928589 
\par }{\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\b\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \'a7 1238. }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 An appeal may be taken by the people:}{\insrsid8928589 

\par }{\insrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri1440\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 1. From an order setting aside the indictment or information;
\par 2. From a judgment for the defendant on a demurrer to the indictment, accusation, or information;
\par 3. From an order granting a new trial;
\par 4. From an order arresting judgment;
\par 5. From an order made after judgment, affecting the substantial rights of the people.}{\insrsid8928589 
\par }{\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Cal. Penal Code \'a7 1238 (1905).}{
\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\fs24\insrsid10687833 
\par }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962 The only significant difference is that the word }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962 indictment,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962  which appears in }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962 s 1238(1) and (2), is absent from the former Guam version.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962 Compare}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962  Guam Penal Code \'a7 1238 (1953)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 , }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 with }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 Cal. Penal Code \'a7 1238 (1905)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [16]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
The first major revision was the result of work done by the Guam Law Revision Commission, and in 1977 section 1238 was substantially modifie}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 d and enacted as 8 GCA \'a7 130.20.}{
\cs16\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs16\super\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \chftn }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  In 1977, 8 GCA \'a7 130.20 read as follows:}{\insrsid8928589 
\par }{\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\b\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \'a7 130.20}{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 . }{\b\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
Appeals Allowed by the Government}{\insrsid10687833  }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (a) An appeal may be taken by the government from any of the following:}{\insrsid8928589 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri1440\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (1) An order granting a new trial.
\par (2) An order arresting judgment.
\par (3) An order made after judgment, affecting the substantial rights of the government.
\par (4) An order modifying the verdict on [sic] finding by reducing the degree of the offense or the punishment imposed.
\par (5) An order or judgment dismissing or otherwise terminating the action before the defendant has been placed in jeopardy or where the defendant has waived jeopardy.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
(b) When an appeal is taken pursuant to paragraph (5) of subsection (a), the prosecuting attorney shall be prohibited from refiling the action which was appealed.}{\insrsid8928589 
\par }{\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 8 GCA \'a7 130.20 (1977).}{\insrsid10687833 
\par }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962  Charles H. Troutman, Introduction, }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962 The Criminal Procedure Code and Public Law 12-187}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275868\charrsid4935962  (1977).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962 Most}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  of the changes made by the Law Review Commission in 1977 and 1980 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090918\charrsid4935962 can be traced back to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 section 1238 of the California Penal Code as it existed in 1970.}{
\cs16\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs16\super\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \chftn }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  In 1970, section 1238 of the California Penal Code stated:}{\insrsid8928589 
\par }{\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\b\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \'a7 1238. }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
(a) An appeal may be taken by the people from any of the following:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri1440\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri1440\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (1) An order setting aside the indictment, information, or complaint.
\par (2) An order sustaining a demurrer to the indictment, accusation, or information.}{\insrsid6584829 
\par }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (3) An order granting a new trial.
\par (4) An order arresting judgment.
\par (5) An order made after judgment, affecting the substantial rights of the people.
\par (6) An order modifying the verdict or finding by reducing the degree of the offense or the punishment imposed.
\par (7) An order dismissing a case prior to trial made upon motion of the court pursuant to Section 1385 whenever such order is based upon an order granting the defendant's motion to return or suppress property or evidence 
made at a special hearing as provided in this code.
\par (8) An order or judgment dismissing or otherwise terminating the action before the defendant has been placed in jeopardy or where the defendant has waived jeopardy.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (b) If, pursuant to paragraph (8) of subdivision (a)}{\i\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 ,}{
\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  the people prosecute an appeal to decision, or any review of such decision, it shall be binding upon them and they shall be prohibited from refiling the case which was appealed.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (c) When an appeal is taken pursuant to paragraph (7) of subdivision (a), the court may review t
he order granting the defendant\rquote s motion to return or suppress property or evidence made at a special hearing as provided in this code.}{\insrsid8928589 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Cal. Penal Code \'a7 1238 (1970).}{
\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\fs24\insrsid10687833 
\par }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 California Penal Code }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 sub}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 ections 1238(a)(3), (4), (5), (6), and (8) are nearly identical to 8 GCA }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsections}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  130.20(a)(1), (2), (3), (4), and (5) respectively.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Significantly, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 the Guam Legislature did not adopt sub}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
sections 1238(a)(1) and (2)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5119533\charrsid4935962 , which allow appeal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8090351\charrsid4935962  from }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 
an order setting aside}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962  an indictment }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 or granting a defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962 
 summary judgment on an indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 .}{\cs16\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs16\fs24\super\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \chftn }{
\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  Later, the Guam Legislature joined California in allowing government appeals from orders to suppress evidence.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 8 GCA \'a7
 130.20(a)(6) (enacted by Guam Pub. L. 14-147:13 (Dec. 31, 1980)), }{\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 compare}{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  Cal. Penal Code \'a7 1238(a)(7) and (c) (1970).}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{
\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 The motivation for adding subsection 130.20(a)(6) had nothing to do with conforming to California practice, however.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 See People v. D. Ct. (James)}{
\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 , 641 F.2d 816, 817-20 (9th Cir. 1980).}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Apparently, defendants in 
Guam had developed a habit of delaying trial by petitioning the District Court for writs of mandamus when evidence was not suppressed.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Id.}{\i\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{
\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 In effect, the availability of the writ had become an appeal of right.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 In response, the Legislature repealed former 8 GCA \'a7 65.17 (which authorized any 
\'93party\'94 to apply for a writ of mandamus) and enacted subsection 130.20(a)(6) to allow only the government to make such \'93appeals.\'94}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Id.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{
\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 While the District Court initially declared the repeal invalid, the Ninth Circuit affirmed that the Guam Legislature had acted within its powers in restricting the District Court\rquote s appellate jurisdiction.}{
\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Id.}{\i\fs24\insrsid10687833 
\par }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [17]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 Besides the omission of }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 sub}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 sections 1238(a)(1) and (2)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14843812\charrsid4935962  from the Guam statute}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 , the only other significant difference between Guam\rquote s statute and the 1970 California version is the wording of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  8 GCA 
\'a7 130.20(b), which states that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 [w]hen an appeal is taken pursuant to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6834284\charrsid4935962 
[8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5)], }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 the prosecuting attorne}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 y shall be prohibited from refi}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 ling that action which was appealed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 Title 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  is different from }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 sub}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 section 1238(b) of the California Penal Code in that the latter is triggered only when the government }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 prosecute[s] an appeal to decision, or any review of such decision . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Cal. Penal Code 1238(b) (Westlaw 2008).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6834284\charrsid4935962 Guam\rquote 
s statute simply mentions an appeal being }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6834284\charrsid4935962 taken.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6834284\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2053897\charrsid4935962 
Because 130.20(b) does not apply to the present case, we do not find it necessary to determine the meaning of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2053897\charrsid4935962 taken}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2053897\charrsid4935962  or the reasons for the difference in language between the California and Guam statutes.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962 B}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 .}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8090351\charrsid4935962 California\rquote s Interpretation of Section 1238}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [18]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 
Next, we look to the case law interpreting section 1238 of the California Penal Code.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 
Generally, when a legislature adopts a statute which is identical or similar to one in effect in another jurisdiction, it is presumed that the adopting jurisdiction applies the construction placed on the statute by the originating jurisdiction.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 Sumitomo Constr. Co. v. Zhong Ye, Inc.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 , 1997 Guam 8 \'b6 9 (quoting }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 Sutherland}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid219225\charrsid4935962 \rquote }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 s Stat. Const.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962  \'a7 52.01 (5th ed.)); }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 see also}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 Torres v. Torres}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 , 2005 Guam 22 \'b6 33; }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 People v. Super}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid219225\charrsid4935962 .}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962  Ct}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid219225\charrsid4935962 .}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962  (Laxamana)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 , 2001 Guam 26 \'b6 8.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 One must assume that the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12067839\charrsid4935962 Guam }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
Legislature understood the case law interpreting subsections 1238(a)(3), (4), (5), (6), and (8) of the California Penal Code and therefore approved of California\rquote s interpretation when adopting them as }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 sub}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 section}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 s}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  130.20(a)(1) through (5) of Title 8.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 However, California\rquote 
s interpretation is }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 only persuasive and does not bind or cont}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8875280\charrsid4935962 rol}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8875280\charrsid4935962  our analysis.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
Sumitomo Constr. Co.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 , 1997 Guam 8 \'b6 7 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962 quoting}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8875280\charrsid4935962 Sutherland\rquote }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 s Stat. Const.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  \'a7 52.01 (5th ed.)).

\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [19]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 \tab 
In California, the government has long had the right to appeal an order setting aside an indictment, information, or complaint.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
Cal. Penal Code \'a7 1238(a)(1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid211668\charrsid4935962  (en}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8090351\charrsid4935962 acted 1872).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 There is a similar long history of allowing appeals from demurrers to the indictment or information.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Cal. Penal Code \'a7 1238(a)(2)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8090351\charrsid4935962  (enacted 1897).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 What is relatively new is }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
 1238(a)(8), which has allowed appeals from }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 an order or judgment dismissing or otherwise}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 terminating the action}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  before jeopardy attaches.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Cal. Penal Code \'a7 1238(a)(8) (}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8090351\charrsid4935962 enacted }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 1968).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 One}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  question is why the California Legislature felt it necessary to add this additional }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  to the statute.
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [20]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6834284\charrsid4935962 \tab According to }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6834284\charrsid4935962 Anthony v. Superior Court}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6834284\charrsid4935962 , }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 the California Legislature enacted}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  1238(a)(8) in response to earlier cases }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962 denying}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  government appeals from certain types of orders dismissing a criminal case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 167 Cal. Rptr. 246, 252 (Ct. App. 1980).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 One such case is }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 People v. Valenti}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 , where the California Supreme Court considered an appeal of a criminal }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  that was dismissed because of an }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 illegal arrest.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 316 P.2d 633, 635 (Cal. 1957), }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 disapproved on other grounds in People v. Sidener}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 , 375 P.2d 641}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7092714\charrsid4935962 , 642 (Cal. 1962)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 The court of }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Valenti }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 characterize}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 d}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  the dismissal at issue as one made pursuant to Cal. Penal Code \'a7 1385, which allows dismissals }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 by the judge\rquote s own motion or by application of the prosecuting attorney }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 in furtherance of justice.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Id.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  at 636.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 At the time that }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Valenti}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  was decided, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  1238(a)(8) had not yet been enacted.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 The}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  court reasoned that the government had no right of appeal because }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8875280\charrsid4935962 a dismissal}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  made pursuant to section 1385}{\cs16\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs16\super\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \chftn }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
 The relevant part of section 1385 of the California Penal Code reads as follows:}{\insrsid8928589 
\par }{\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\b\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \'a7
 1385. Dismissal on judge or magistrate's own motion or application of prosecuting attorney; statement of reasons; ground of demurrer; authority to strike prior conviction of serious felony for purposes of enhancement of sentence.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri1440\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri1440\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 (a) The judg
e or magistrate may, either of his or her own motion or upon the application of the prosecuting attorney, and in furtherance of justice, order an action to be dismissed. The reasons for the dismissal must be set forth in an order entered upon the minutes.
 No dismissal shall be made for any cause which would be ground of demurrer to the accusatory pleading.}{\insrsid8928589 
\par }{\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Cal. Penal Code \'a7
 1385(a) (Westlaw 2008). }{\fs24\insrsid10687833 
\par }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  w}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8875280\charrsid4935962 as}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  not one of the avenues of appeal}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962  enumerated}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  in former section 1238.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [21]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3041647\charrsid4935962 The power to dismiss under section 1385}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7092714\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3041647\charrsid4935962 is like the common law power of }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8550371\charrsid4935962 nolle prose}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3041647\charrsid4935962 qui}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3041647\charrsid4935962  but vested in the court rather}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962  than}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3041647\charrsid4935962  in the prosecuting attorney.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 See }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8550371\charrsid4935962 People v. Bordeaux}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8550371\charrsid4935962 , 273 Cal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8550371\charrsid4935962 Rptr. 717, 721 (Ct. App. 1990).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 Nolle}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8550371\charrsid4935962  prosequi}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8550371\charrsid4935962 , which translates into }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8550371\charrsid4935962 unwilling to prosecute,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8550371\charrsid4935962 
 was a power given to prosecutors which allowed them discretion to dismiss a criminal case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8680303\charrsid4935962 People v. Gutierrez}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8680303\charrsid4935962 , 2005 Guam 19 \'b6 28 n.3.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8680303\charrsid4935962 Before }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 the enactment of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962  1238(a)(8) in }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8680303\charrsid4935962 1968, dismissals}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962  made under the statutory }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 nolle prosequi}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962  power of section 1385}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8680303\charrsid4935962  could not be appealed in California.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8680303\charrsid4935962 Valenti}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8680303\charrsid4935962 , 316 P.2d }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 at }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8680303\charrsid4935962 636.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8090351\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [22]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Later, }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
paragraph (8) was added to subdivision (a) to permit the People to appeal from section 1385 dismissals and the like by the trial court . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 Anthony}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 ,}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 167 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 Cal. Rptr.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  at 252.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 In }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Anthony}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 , the court considered }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7092714\charrsid4935962 the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 defendant\rquote s argument that 
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  1238(b) also prohibits refiling of complaints appealed under }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  1238(a)(1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8875280\charrsid4935962 , }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 which allows appeals from orders setting aside an indictm}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8875280\charrsid4935962 ent, information, or complaint.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 T}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid804343\charrsid4935962 he defendant argued that by enacting}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid804343\charrsid4935962  1238(a)(8) and (b) the California Legislature intended to make }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid804343\charrsid4935962 all}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid804343\charrsid4935962  types of dismissals subject to the ban against refiling complaints after appeal.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid804343\charrsid4935962 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 The court disagree
d, and instead concluded that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
there is a material difference between an order setting aside an information or indictment and an order dismissing or otherwise terminating a criminal action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 ; }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 see also People v. Watson}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 , 193 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 Cal. Rptr.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  849, 851 (Ct. App. 1983).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 The court observed that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  an order setting aside an information does}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962  not necessarily }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 terminate}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 
"}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962  an}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  action because, for example, other charges may be left standing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Anthony}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 , 167 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5335851\charrsid4935962 Cal. Rptr.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  at 252}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 In contrast}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 , a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid804343\charrsid4935962 successful }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 motion based on s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid804343\charrsid4935962 ection 1385 effectively dismisses}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
 the action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Id.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 These distinctions provide a rational basis for the difference in treatment accorded 1238(a)(1) and 1238(a)(8) appeals . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4609168\charrsid4935962 The }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10836818\charrsid4935962 
difference in treatment betwee}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 n a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 
 1238(a)(1) appeal and a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4609168\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 
1238(a)(8) appeal is that the former does not prevent the refiling of charges after appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4609168\charrsid4935962 Cal. Penal Code \'a7 1238(b).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 As a result}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
, the court decided that an appeal of an order setting aside an indictment did not prevent the prosecutor from later refiling a substantially similar complaint.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  at 248, 253.
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [23]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Thus, it appears that }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  1238(a)(8) was enacted for the limited purpose of allowing the government to appeal from }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962 nolle prosequi }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962 dismissal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7214399\charrsid4935962 
s or similar orders terminating the action}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962 
This conclusion also helps to explain the rationale for not allowing the charges to be refiled after appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 On }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962 the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 one hand, a dismissal }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 nolle prosequi}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962  is }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 a judicial determination in favor of accused and agains
t his conviction, but it is not an acquittal, nor is it equivalent to a pardon.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 22A C.J.S. }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 Criminal Law}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962  \'a7 419, at 1 (1989).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 Thus a }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 nolle prosequi}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962  dismissal is }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 not}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962  equivalent to an acquittal, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 Gutierrez}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 , 2005 Guam 19 \'b6 22, which would automatically prevent refiling of the complaint under the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 Fifth}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962  Amendment prohibition agains}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 t double jeopardy.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 U.S. Const.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962  am}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 end. V}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2053897\charrsid4935962 ; 48 U.S.C. \'a7 1421b(d) (Westlaw 2008)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962 On the other hand, a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962  section 1385 dismissal shares many similarities with an acquittal in that the court has
 determined that the defendant cannot be convicted}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436572\charrsid4935962  given the state of the case}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962 .}{
\cs16\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid804343\charrsid4935962 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs16\super\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \chftn }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  Some examples of section 1385 dismissals will help to illustrate the type of cases where this statutory }{
\i\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 nolle prosequi }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 power has been invoked.}{\insrsid10687833  }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 In }{\i\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 People v. Chacon}{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
 the prosecution admitted that it could not proceed against the novel defense of \'93entrapment by estoppel\'94 asserted by defendant.}{\insrsid10687833  }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 150 P.3d 755, 760 (Cal. 2007).}{\insrsid10687833  }{
\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 The result was a section 1385 dismissal followed by a subsection 1238(a)(8) appeal.}{\insrsid10687833  }{\i\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Id.}{\i\insrsid10687833  }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 In }{
\i\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 People v. Gazali}{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 , the government appealed a ruling on the inadmissibility of a confession which effectively ended the prosecution and resulted in a section 1385 dismissal.}{
\insrsid10687833  }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 279 Cal. Rptr. 547, 549 (Ct. App. 1991).}{\insrsid10687833  }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Similarly, the court of }{\i\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 People v. Yarbrough}{
\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  heard an appeal of a section 1385 dismissal resulting from the trial court\rquote s unwillingness to allow an in-court witness identification.}{\insrsid10687833  }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
278 Cal. Rptr. 703, 703-04 (Ct. App. 1991).}{\insrsid10687833  }{\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 The common theme of all these cases is that the section 1385 dismissal i
s essentially an admission that the defendant could not be successfully prosecuted given the admissible evidence in the case.}{\insrsid10687833  }{\insrsid10687833 
\par }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9588075\charrsid4935962 By enacting }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9588075\charrsid4935962  1238(b), the California Legislature ensured}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962  that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9588075\charrsid4935962 a }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9588075\charrsid4935962 nolle prosequi}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962  dismissal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9588075\charrsid4935962  followed by an unsuccessful appeal}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962  is }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962 effectively}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962 identical }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962 to an acquittal because the prosecutor is then barred from refiling the charges.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962 See}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962  Cal. Penal Code \'a7 1238(b).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962 This }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 appears to}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962  be the rationale for }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8879476\charrsid4935962  1238(b)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962 \emdash a }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9588075\charrsid4935962 nolle prosequi}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9588075\charrsid4935962 
 dismissal followed by an unsuccessful appeal }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 indicates that the prosecution has no }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 viable }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 case, even }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 after that case has been}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962  ful}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962 ly laid out before the court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 In contrast}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962 , a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962  dismissal }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 setting aside }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2361706\charrsid4935962 an}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962  indictment }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 or granting a }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2361706\charrsid4935962 summary judgment on an indictment}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 only indicates that the prosecution has made an insufficient showing at the pleadings stage.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9588075\charrsid4935962 These distinctions provide a rational basis for the difference in treatment accorded 1238(a)(1) and 1238(a)(8) appeals . . . .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9588075\charrsid4935962 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9588075\charrsid4935962 Anthony}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9588075\charrsid4935962 , 167 Cal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9588075\charrsid4935962 Rptr. at 252}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 .
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16546626 {\b\insrsid1972327\charrsid16546626 C}{\b\insrsid7295043\charrsid16546626 . Application of the California Interpretation to 8 GCA \'a7 130.20}{
\b\insrsid9588075\charrsid16546626  }{\b\insrsid8879476\charrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [24]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 
Assuming the Guam Legislature intended to adopt the C}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 alifornia interpretation of California}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962  Penal Code }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 s 1238(a)(8) and (b), it must have contemplated that its substantially similar statute, 8 GCA \'a7
 130.20(a)(5) and (b), wo}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 uld only apply to permit }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 appeals from}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962  statutory}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 nolle prosequi}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962 dismissals or similar order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 s}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962  terminating the action}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 See Anthony}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 , 167 Cal. Rptr. at 252.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 In Guam, th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962 e statutory }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962 nolle prosequi}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962  power was }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 formerly }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 
found in section 1385 of the Guam Penal Code}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962 , }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 which was adopted directly from California.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 Compare}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962 Guam}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8875280\charrsid4935962  Penal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962  Code}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962  \'a7 1385 (19}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11563659\charrsid4935962 53)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 with }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 Cal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8875280\charrsid4935962  Penal}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962  Code \'a7 1385.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 The }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 nolle prosequi}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962  power now appears in 8 GCA \'a7 80.70, which }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 continues the substance of a portion of . . . former \'a7 1385.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7
 80.70, NOTE; }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 see also Gutierrez}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 , 2005 Guam 19 \'b6 28 n.3 (inte}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 rpreting section 80.70 as a statutory}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 nolle prosequi}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962  power}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 ).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 
The relevant text of 8 GCA }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 \'a7 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 80.70 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14946327\charrsid4935962 is as}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962  follows:
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 \'a7 80.70. When Prosecutor, Defendant, Court May Dismiss.
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6695975 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6695975 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 (a) The prosecuting attorney may with leave of court file a dismissal of an indictment, information or complaint and the prosecution shall thereupon terminate}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 
Such a dismissal may not be filed during the trial without the consent of the defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 
The prosecuting attorney shall file a statement of his reasons for seeking dismissal when he applies for leave to file }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 
dismissal and where leave is granted the court\rquote s order shall set forth the reasons for granting such leave.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 80.70(a) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 (2005)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 Once a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 case is dismissed }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 pursuant to 8 GCA \'a7 80.70, the prosecutor }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962 cannot refile charges once an appeal has been }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962 taken.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7
 130.20(b).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962 Because we conclude that 8 GCA \'a7
 130.20(a)(5) does not apply to the present appeal, we need not decide whether an appeal that is voluntarily dismissed has been }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962 taken}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962  under 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [25]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962 \tab Even if the Superior Court has not always explicitly invok}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962 ed}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962  its power to dismiss under 8 GCA \'a7 80.70,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962 
 an examination of our case law reveals that 8 GCA 130.20(a)(5) appeals almost always involve dismissals that completely terminate the government\rquote s ability to prosecute the criminal action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962 For example, in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962 People v. Gutierrez}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962 , the governm
ent appealed a dismissal with prejudice for failure to provide exculpatory evidence and to provide a speedy trial.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962 2005 Guam 19 \'b6\'b6
 7-11.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962 In }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962 People v. Manila}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962  the government appealed a dismissal based on a determination that a DUI charge amounted to double jeopardy.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962 2005 Guam 6 \'b6\'b6 5-6.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962 In }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962 People v. Guerrero}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2296904\charrsid4935962 , the government appealed a dismissal after the Superior Court found that the defendant\rquote s }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14684631\charrsid4935962 right to free exercise of his Rastafarian religion was infringed by statutes forbidding importation of marijuana. 2000 Guam 26 \'b6\'b6 2-5, }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14684631\charrsid4935962 reversed by Guam v. Guerrero}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14684631\charrsid4935962 , 290 F.3d 1210 (9th Cir. 2002).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14684631\charrsid4935962 And in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14684631\charrsid4935962 People v. Quinata}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14684631\charrsid4935962 
, the Appellate Division of the District Court allowed a government appeal from a dismissal for lack of jurisdiction where the defendant was in juvenile court and was eighteen years old at the time of his first appearance.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14684631\charrsid4935962 1982 WL 30546, at *1 (D. Guam App. Div. 1982).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14684631\charrsid4935962 The common theme of all these cases is that the dismissal appealed from effectively terminated the criminal action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4947091\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [26]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15889178\charrsid4935962 \tab An exception to this rule is }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15889178\charrsid4935962 People v. }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 Pak}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15889178\charrsid4935962 , w}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12795629\charrsid4935962 he}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15889178\charrsid4935962 re this court found jurisdiction to hear a government appeal from a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 dismissal of one of two charges in a criminal complaint.}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 1998 Guam 27 \'b6\'b6 3-6.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 However, the court of }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 Pak}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 
 relied on California case law stating that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 [s]ection 1238, subdivision (a)(1)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15153725\charrsid4935962  [of the California Penal Code]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 , has been interpreted as authorizing the People's appeal from an order dismissing s
ome but not all counts of a multi-count information.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962  \'b6
 6 (quoting }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 People v. Davis}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 , 156 Cal. Rptr. 395, 398 (Ct. App. 1979)).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217660\charrsid4935962 Because 8 GCA \'a7 130.20 does not include a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217660\charrsid4935962 
 analogous to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217660\charrsid4935962 
 1238(a)(1) of the California Penal Code, our previous reliance on California case law was not justified.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217660\charrsid4935962 Insofar as }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217660\charrsid4935962 Pak}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217660\charrsid4935962  stands for the proposition that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7
 130.20(a)(5) authorizes }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217660\charrsid4935962 government appeals from }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 every dismissal of an indictment or complaint, }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8533944\charrsid4935962 we }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 disagree and now clarify}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8533944\charrsid4935962  our prior decision.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15889178\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [27]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 [S]ection 130.20 is a jurisdictional statute which will be strictly construed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 People v. Super. Ct. (Bruneman)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12530510\charrsid4935962 , 1998 Guam 24 \'b6 9.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 The}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962  deliberate omission of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962 California}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962  Penal Code }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962 s }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 1238(a)(1) and (a)(2) from 8 GCA \'a7 130.20 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962 means that section 130.20 does not authorize}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 government appeals from orders }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12059716\charrsid4935962 setting aside }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962 and indictment }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15168210\charrsid4935962 or granting a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962 defendant}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2361706\charrsid4935962 summary judgment on an indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 See}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962  also}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962 Guam}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12059716\charrsid4935962  Pen. Code \'a7}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12329337\charrsid4935962 \'a7}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12059716\charrsid4935962  1238(a)(1) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962 &}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12059716\charrsid4935962  (2)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962  (1953).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962 In the absence of additional statutory authority}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 
, a complaint, indictment, or information dismissed at the pleading stage would not be appealable at all}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962 under 8 GCA \'a7
 130.20(a)(5) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 unless }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962 all charges are }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12060286\charrsid4935962 dismissed }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962 pursuant to}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962  a statutory }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962 nolle prosequi}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962  order or}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14696821\charrsid4935962  a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962  similar order terminating the action.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 As we will see, however, the United States Congress }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962 has provided through 4}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 8 U.S.C.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962  \'a7}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962  1493 that}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14696821\charrsid4935962  the government may appeal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 a decision, judgment, or order of a trial court dismissing an indictment or information as to any o}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14696821\charrsid4935962 ne or more counts}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962  despite the fact that the Guam }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962 Legislature has provided the government with a narrower right of appeal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962 4}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 8 U.S.C. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 \'a7 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 1493(a) (Westlaw 2008).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7295043\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962 D}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 . The Effect of 48 U.S.C.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962  \'a7}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  1493 on Guam Government Appeals
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [28]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670358\charrsid4935962 \tab In 1984, the Organic Act was}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
 amended to add 18 U.S.C. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8875280\charrsid4935962 \'a7 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 1493,}{\cs16\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962 \chftn 
{\footnote \pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs16\fs24\super\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \chftn }{
\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  The history of section 1493 is described in }{\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Virgin Island v. Mills}{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 , 935 F.2d 591, 595-97 (3d Cir. 1991).}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{
\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Section 1493 was enacted to overrule the Ninth Circuit decision in }{\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 People v. Okada}{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 , 694 F.2d 565 (9th Cir. 1982),
 where the court declined to assert jurisdiction over a Guam government appeal of an order dismissing an indictment.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Mills}{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 , 935 F.2d at 596.}{
\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 The court of }{\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Okada}{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  had determined that the federal statute granting the gover
nment the right to appeal, 18 U.S.C. \'a7 3731, \'93does not authorize appeals by territorial governments.\'94}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 694 F.2d at 567 n.3.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{
\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 In response, Congress enacted section 1493 using language identical to the then-current version of section 3731.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Mills}{
\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 , 935 F.2d at 595.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Oddly enough, Congress also amended section 3731 seven days later to allow appeal from an order granting a new trial.}{
\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Id.}{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829  at 594-95 & n.4.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 That amendment does not appear in section 1493.}{
\fs24\insrsid10687833 
\par }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  which gives the government a right to appeal under certain circumstances:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6695975 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 \'a7
 1493. Prosecution; authorization to seek review; local or Federal appellate courts; decisions, judgments or orders.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6695975 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 The prosecution in a territory or Commonwealth is authorized--}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 unless precluded by local law}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 --to seek review or other suitable relief }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 in the appropriate local }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 or Federal }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 appellate court}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 , or, where applicable, in the Supreme Court of the United States from--
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6695975 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }\pard \ql \li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 
(a) a decision, judgment, or order of a trial court dismissing an indictment or information as to any one or more counts, except that no review shall lie where the constitutional prohibition against double jeopardy would further prosecution;
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962 . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15616831\charrsid4935962 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 48 U.S.C. 1493 (Westlaw 2008)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11489640\charrsid4935962  (emphasis added)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 ; }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 see also}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 Natividad}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13452901\charrsid4935962 , 2005 Guam 28 \'b6 11.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596744\charrsid4935962 The language authorizing appeal by the government }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596744\charrsid4935962 unless precluded by local law}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596744\charrsid4935962  suggests that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962 
the Guam Legislature is empowered to explicitly limit those avenues of government appeal enumerated under 48 U.S.C. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 \'a7 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962 
1493}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596744\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962 Although Guam law does not provide for appeals from }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15168210\charrsid4935962 orders setting aside }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962 an indictment }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15168210\charrsid4935962 or granting a }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 d}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962 efendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2361706\charrsid4935962 summary judgment on an indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15166676\charrsid4935962 , nothing}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962  in 8 GCA \'a7
 130.20 explicitly disallows such appeals}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596744\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962 
We therefore conclude that the government may appeal in }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15168210\charrsid4935962 any}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962  criminal case where a court makes }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962 a decision, judgment, or order . . . dismissing an indictment or information as to an}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15168210\charrsid4935962 y one or more counts . . . .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15168210\charrsid4935962 4}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962 8 U.S.C. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 \'a7 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962 1493(a).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962 Moreover,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962  with the exception of}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962  statutory}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 nolle prosequi}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962  dismissals }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962 and other orders terminating the action}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962  there would be no bar against refiling such an indictment or information once dismissed, even if the government pursued an appeal.}{
\cs16\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs16\fs24\super\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 \chftn }{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
 We are conscious of the possibility that a defendant might be forced to simultaneously defend against an appeal and an amended indictment under this rule.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
However, the possibility of harassment is foreclosed by the rule of }{\i\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 Anderson v. Superior Court}{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 , which states that:}{\fs24\insrsid8928589 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
[T]he People should elect as soon as feasible between maintaining the appeal or proceeding under the new accusatory pleading.}{\fs24\insrsid10687833  }{\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 
At the latest, this election should occur either when the new accusatory pleading withstands a motion under section 995 [of the California Penal Code concerning dismissals for improper complaints or lack of probably cause] or at the tim
e of arraignment for plea, whichever first occurs.}{\fs24\insrsid8928589 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid6584829\charrsid6584829 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687833 {\fs24\insrsid8928589\charrsid6584829 428 P.2d 290, 292 (Cal. 1967).}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596744\charrsid4935962 

\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962 E}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962 . }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 The Second Indictment was Improperly Dismissed}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16546626 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [29]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 
The first indictment was dismissed by an order setting aside}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962  an indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962  or gra}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962 n}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 ting Defendants }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2361706\charrsid4935962 summary judgment on an indictment}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 As a result}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 , the dismissal would have been appealable under }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 California}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 
 Penal Code }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962  1238(a)(1) or (a)(2)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8222453\charrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12915621\charrsid4935962 but}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962  not under }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962  1238(a)(8).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 See Anthony}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 ,}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9983069\charrsid4935962 167 Cal. Rptr. at 252.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14696821\charrsid4935962 Because the Guam Legislature chose to include only 1238(a)(8) of the California Penal Code as 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5), and to exclude }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 subsection}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14696821\charrsid4935962 
s 1238(a)(1) and (a)(2) from our code, appeal of the dismissal of the first indictment would not be permitted under the Guam statutes.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8222453\charrsid4935962 
Instead, the appeal would have been allowed under }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 48 U.S.C. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12649257\charrsid4935962 \'a7 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 1493, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2053897\charrsid4935962 and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 
 the statutory bar against refiling charges after appeal found in 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2053897\charrsid4935962  would not have applied}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 Therefore, in the present case, the government was authorized both to file an appeal and to refile }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2053897\charrsid4935962 the second indictment with }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689559\charrsid4935962 substantially similar charges later on.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10119883\charrsid4935962 As a result, the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14696821\charrsid4935962 Superior Court incorrectly applied the law in }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10119883\charrsid4935962 dismiss}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14696821\charrsid4935962 ing}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10119883\charrsid4935962  th}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14696821\charrsid4935962 e second indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10119883\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4196544 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4196544 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 V.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216185\charrsid4935962  C}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14575757\charrsid4935962 ONCLUSION}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14696821\charrsid4935962 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4935962 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4196544 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6695975 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5131355\charrsid4935962 [30]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid4935962 \tab }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10119883\charrsid4935962 {\*\bkmkstart OLE_LINK1}{\*\bkmkstart OLE_LINK2}We adopt California\rquote s narrow interpretation as to what constitutes an order }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10119883\charrsid4935962 dismissing or }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962 otherwise terminating an action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962 " }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962 We conclude that 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5) }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15153725\charrsid4935962 did not authorize government appeal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962  from}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15153725\charrsid4935962 
 dismissal of the first indictment, which was legally equivalent to an order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962  setting aside }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962 an indictment }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962 or granting a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5460715\charrsid4935962 defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2361706\charrsid4935962 summary judgment on an indictment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15153725\charrsid4935962 The}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962  dismissal was}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972327\charrsid4935962  appealable under 48 U.S.C. \'a7 14}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10902248\charrsid4935962 93(a) rather than 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(a)(5), and }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10119883\charrsid4935962 the prohibition against refiling of charges found in 8 GCA \'a7 130.20(b) }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2252158\charrsid4935962 does not apply.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2252158\charrsid4935962 
The second indictment was therefore improperly dismissed, and the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5313310\charrsid4935962 Superior Court\rquote s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2252158\charrsid4935962  dismissal must be }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2252158\charrsid4935962 REVERSED}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2252158\charrsid4935962 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4935962  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5313310\charrsid4935962 
Because the Superior Court has not yet ruled on the merits of the second indictment, we decline to do so here.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16527793\charrsid6695975 {\*\bkmkend OLE_LINK1}{\*\bkmkend OLE_LINK2}
\par }}