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{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 TROY MCGHEE, \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Plaintiff-Appellee, \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 v. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 CLAUDETTE MCGHEE,}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Defendant-Appellant.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Supreme Court Case No. CVA05-019 \par Superior Court Case No. CV0179-00}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 OPINION \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7040797\charrsid1931196 Filed:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7040797\charrsid1931196 October 24, 2008 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Cite as: 2008 Guam }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850092\charrsid1931196 17}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1931196 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam \par Submitted on the briefs }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10166681\charrsid1931196 June 1, 2007}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1931196 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts19\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth3\trwWidth9576\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt \clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid1931196\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Appearing for Plaintiff-Appellee: \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 William D. Pesch, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Esq. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Agana Legal Clinic \par 173 Aspinall Ave., Suite 203 \par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96910\cell }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Appearing for Defendant-Appellant: \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Claudette McGhee, }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Pro Se \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Post Office Box 3268 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, GU 96932\line \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts19\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth3\trwWidth9576\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl \brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx4680\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4788\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1931196 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \par BEFORE: ROBERT J. TORRES, Chief Justice; F. PHILIP CARBULLIDO, Associate Justice; RICHARD H. BENSON, Justice }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Pro Tempore}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 TORRES, C.J.:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [1]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Defendant-Appellant Claudette McGhee, appearing }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 pro se,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 appeals the Superior Court\rquote s judgment that defined Troy McGhee\rquote s community property interest in Claudette \rquote s Government of Guam retirement benefits and ordered her to reimburse Troy\rquote s community property interest in monthly installments (\'93Partition Judgment\'94).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Additionally, Claudette appeals two judgments issued by the Superior Court that voided her transfers of real property to her children (collectively, \'93Voiding Judgments\'94) shortly before the entry of the Superior Court\rquote s partition order.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 We dismiss Claudette\rquote s appeal b ecause Claudette failed to order a transcript of the proceedings in the trial court, and the absence of a transcript precludes meaningful review of the trial court\rquote s findings.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997 \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 I.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1931196 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [2]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Years after the dissolution of his marriage to Claudette, Troy filed a complaint to partition Claudette\rquote s Government of Guam retirement benefits which were not previously divided. The Partition Judgment, awarding Troy a fifty percent share of the retirement benefits, was issued on August 18, 2004, and entered into the docket on August 24, 2004.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Claudette attempts to appeal this judgment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [3]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Two weeks before the entry of the Partition Judgment on the docket, Claudette executed two deeds transferring her ownership of two lots to her children.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Troy moved to set aside the transf ers arguing that Claudette intentionally attempted to defraud him and frustrate his ability to collect money due to him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 The lower court agreed with Troy and issued the two separate Voiding Judgments on November 22, 2005, voiding both deeds.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [4]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Claudette filed a Notice of Appeal on December 14, 2005, appealing the Voiding Judgments.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 In her opening brief supporting her appeal, Claudette failed to include the argument pertaining to the Voiding Judgments.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 However, her reply brief did contain the argument supporting her appeal of the Voiding Judgments.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Claudette also failed to order a transcript of the hearing covering Troy\rquote s motion to set aside her real property transfers.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 II. DISCUSSION}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1931196 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 A. The Partition Judgment}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [5]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Claudette\rquote s appeal of the Partition Judgment is untimely.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 The filing of a timely notice of appeal is \'93 an absolute requirement from which this court has no discretion to digress.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Gill v. Seigel}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 , 2000 Guam 10 \'b6 5.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 A \'93timely notice of appeal is \lquote mandatory and jurisdictional.\rquote \'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Id}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 . (quoting }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 United States v. Robinson}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 , 361 U.S. 220, 224 (1960)). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [6]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Rule 4(a) of the Guam Rules of Appellate Procedure ( \'93GRAP\'94) states that in a civil case, the notice of appeal must be filed with the Superior Court within thirty days after the judgment or order appealed from is entered.}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid925603 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid7501168 \chftn }{\insrsid7501168 During the pendency of this case, the {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Guam{\*\xmlclose} Rules of Appellate Procedure were amended. We apply the new amended GRAP Rules adopted in 2007 throughout this opinion. When w e amended the GRAP Rules, we stated that the new GRAP: \par }\pard \s16\qj \li720\ri720\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid925603 {\insrsid7501168 . . . shall apply to all actions, cases and proceedings brought after the instant Promulgation Order takes effect and to all actions, cases and proceedings commenced prior to the effective date hereof and still pending, except to the extent that the application of the Rules to those pending actions, cases and proceedings would not be feasible, or would work injustice, in which event the prior valid Guam Rules of Appellate Procedure shall apply. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid925603 {\i\insrsid7501168\charrsid14174041 Re: Adoption of the {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Guam{\*\xmlclose} Rules of}{ \i\insrsid7501168 }{\i\insrsid7501168\charrsid14174041 Appellate Procedure,}{\insrsid7501168 PRM07-003 (Promulgation Order No. 07-003-1, Feb. 21, 2007). \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3675580 {\insrsid7501168 Here, applying the new GRAP works no injustice for it establishes the same time period for filing an appeal as that established by the }{\insrsid7501168\charrsid11541212 former }{\insrsid7501168 GRAP, which stated}{\insrsid7501168\charrsid11541212 that \'93[w]hen an appeal is permitted by law from the Superior Court to the Supreme Court, the time within which an appeal may be taken in a civil case shall be thirty (30) days from the date of entry of judgment.\'94 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}} Guam{\*\xmlclose} R.}{\insrsid7501168 }{\insrsid7501168\charrsid11541212 App. P. 4(a) (2004}{\insrsid7501168 ). }{\insrsid7501168\charrsid11541212 }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10166681\charrsid1931196 Guam R. App. P. 4(a)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 (2007).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Filing the notice of entry effectively gives notice to the parties and is sufficient to begin the thirty-day limit for filing a notice of appeal.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Sky Ent. v. Kobayashi}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 , 2002 Guam 24 \'b6 16.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [7]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 The Partition Judgment was entered into the docket on August 24, 2004.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Claudette filed her Notice of Appeal on December 14, 2005.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Because her Notice of Appeal was not filed within the thirty days following entry into the docket, Claudette\rquote s appeal of the Partition Judgment must be dismissed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 B. The Voiding Judgments}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [8]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Claudette also appeals the Voiding Judgments which were issued on November 22, 2005. Her appeal of the Voiding Judgments, although timely, warrants further examination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [9]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Rule 13 of the Guam Rules of Appellate Procedure requires an Appellant\rquote s initial brief to contain a statement of the issues presented for review.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 GRAP 13(a)(5). Further, Rule 13 requires the Appellant to include the argument, which must contain appellant\rquote s contenti ons and the reasons for them, with citations to the authorities and parts of the record on which the appellant relies.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 GRAP 13(a)(9)(A).}{ \cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid925603 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid7501168 \chftn }{\insrsid7501168 Former GRAP 13(b)(5) similarly required an Appellant\rquote s initial brief to contain the argument supporting the issues r aised on appeal. Former }{\insrsid7501168\charrsid353504 GRAP}{\insrsid7501168 13(b)(5) (2004).}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [10]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Claudette failed to include contentions in her initial brief to support an argument relating to the Voiding Judgments, but she did raise these contentions in her reply brief.}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid925603 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid7501168 \chftn }{\insrsid7501168 }{ \insrsid7501168\charrsid11213709 Although t}{\insrsid7501168 he argument is omitted from Claudette\rquote s}{\insrsid7501168\charrsid11213709 opening brief, it is touched on in her notice of appeal. }}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 } {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 In such an instance, \'93[t]he general rule is that issues raised for the first time in a reply brief are deemed waived.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 In re Estate of Concepcion,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 2003 Guam 12 \'b6 10.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 This court has discretion to reject issues raised for the first time in a reply brief.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Id.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 at \'b6 11.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [11]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Guam case law, however, has recognized that deference should be given toward a }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 pro se }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 party\rquote s litigation efforts.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Caspino v. Caspino}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 , DCA Civ. No. 87-00065A, 1988 WL 242619, at * 2 (D. Guam App. Div. June 7, 1988) (\'93}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Pro se}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 litigants must be afforded \lquote every fair opportunity to present their case[s].\rquote \'94) (quoting }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Ray v. Proxmire}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 , 581 F.2d 998, 1003 (D.C. Cir. 1978), }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 McNeil v. Pub. Defender Serv. Corp.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 , Civ. No. 90-00044A, 1990 WL 320362 (D. Guam App. Div. 1990) (refusing to address respondent\rquote s contention that appellant\rquote s brief did not comply with local rules, finding instead \'93}{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 pro se}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 litigants are not held to the same technical standards, and there is no fatal error in [the Appellant\rquote s] brief. \'94).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Therefore, considering Claudette\rquote s }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 pro se }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 status, we would generally be inclined to consider the issues concerning the Voiding Judgments, despite her failure to raise these issues in her opening brief.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 However, Claudette also failed to order a transcript of the hearing on Troy\rquote s motion to set aside her transfers.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [12]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Rule 7(b)(2) of the Guam Rules of Appellate Procedure states: \'93If the Appellant intends to urge on appeal that a finding or conclusion is unsupported by the evidence or is contrary to the evidence, the appellant must include in the record a transcript of all evidence relevant to that finding or conclusion.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 GRAP 7(b)(2) (2007).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Because the Guam Rules of Appellate Procedure are substantially similar to the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure, we look to federal case law for guidance.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Sananap v. Cyfred, Ltd.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 , 2008 Guam 10 \'b6 8 n.2.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Generally, if the absence of a transcript precludes meaningful review, an appellate court has no alternative but to dismiss an appeal.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Birchler v. Gell Co.,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 88 F.3d 518, 520 (7th Cir. 1996) (quoting }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Fisher v. Krajewski,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 873 F.2d 1057, 1061 (7th Cir.1989)); }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Syncom Capital Corp. v. Wade,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 924 F.2d 167, 169 (9th Cir.1991) (\'93[F]ailure to provide relevant portions of a transcript may require dismissal of the appeal.\'94); }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Abood v. Block,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 752 F.2d 548, 550 (11th Cir. 1985) (dismissing complaint for failure to order transcript).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Only where meaningf ul review is possible despite the absence of the transcript does the appellate court have discretion to disregard the failure and decide the appeal on its merits.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 See Lamb v. Hoffman, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 2008 Guam 2 \'b6 57.}{\cs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa120\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3675580 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs18\super\insrsid7501168 \chftn }{\insrsid7501168 }{ \i\insrsid7501168 Lamb v. Hoffman }{\insrsid7501168 involved a dispute about child support. 2008 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Guam{\*\xmlclose} 2 \'b6 1. The Appellant in }{\i\insrsid7501168 Lamb }{\insrsid7501168 appealed the trial }{ \insrsid7501168\charrsid12463007 court\rquote s ratification of findings and recommendations of the Child Support Referee.}{\insrsid7501168 }{\i\insrsid7501168 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Id. {\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} }{\insrsid7501168\charrsid12463007 }{\insrsid7501168 In doing so, }{\insrsid7501168\charrsid12463007 Appellant failed }{\insrsid7501168 to order a transcript to provide evidence in support of his contentions that }{ \insrsid7501168\charrsid12463007 the referee was prejudiced by}{\insrsid7501168 his arrest in court and had }{\insrsid7501168\charrsid12463007 failed to make a factual determination of his ability to pay child support}{\insrsid7501168 payments. }{ \i\insrsid7501168 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname State}}Id.{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} }{\insrsid7501168 at \'b6 58. Rather than dismissing the appeal, we were able to reach the merits even in the absence of transcript evidence, where Appellant bore the burden to rebut with affirmative evidence two legal presumptions: that a judge is presumed to consider only rel evant evidence, and that a party is presumed to be able to pay support to his children. }{\i\insrsid7501168 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname State}}Id.{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} }{\insrsid7501168 at \'b6\'b6 58-59. No such statutory, evidentiary, or common law presumption guides our inquiry in the instant case. Rather, the trial court judge presumably found that Troy met his burden of proof in demonstrating the conveyance was fraudulent. }}}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1931196 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [13]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Here, Claudette asks this court to set aside the trial court\rquote s Voiding Judgments, issued upon the court \rquote s finding that Claudette fraudulently conveyed the parcels to her children to avoid her financial obligations to Troy.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Claudette argues that the trial court erred in finding she had the requisite intent for a fraudulent conveyance. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [14]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 The standard of review for a fraudulent conveyance action \'93is that the trial court\rquote s \lquote F indings of fact, whether based on oral or documentary evidence, shall not be set aside unless clearly erroneous, and due regard shall be given to the opportunity of the trial court to judge the credibility of the witnesses.\rquote \'94}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Town House Dep\rquote t. Stores, Inc. v. Ahn}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 , 2000 Guam 32 \'b6 13 (quoting }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Yang v. Hong}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 , 1998 Guam 9 \'b6 4).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 It is impossible for us to determine whether the trial court\rquote s factual findings were clearly erroneous, giving due regard to the trial court\rquote s judgment about the cr edibility of the witnesses, without transcripts presenting us with the oral testimony of those witnesses.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Because the }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 transcripts are essential for providing meaningful review, and meaningful review is not possible, we have no other alternative than to dismiss Claudette\rquote s appeal of the Voiding Judgments.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931196 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15075997 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 III. CONCLUSION} {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1931196 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15075997\charrsid1931196 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 [15]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid353504\charrsid1931196 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 Because Claudette did not file her notice of appeal within thirty days after the Partition Judgment\rquote s entry into the docket and because her failure to order transcripts of the relevant proceedings precludes our meaningful review of the Voiding Judgments, this appeal is }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid925603\charrsid1931196 DISMISSED.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15301139\charrsid15075997 \par }}