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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 Mobil Oil Guam, Inc. v. Lee}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 , Opinion\tab \tab Page }{\field{\*\fldinst {\fs20\insrsid14887431 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM}{\b\insrsid9712853 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 MOBIL OIL GUAM, INC.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par Plaintiff-Appellee,
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 v.}{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 YOUNG HA LEE}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par Defendant-Appellant.}{\insrsid9712853 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Supreme Court Case No.: CVA02-007}{\v\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Supreme Court Case No.:CVA00\_011}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Supreme Court Case No.:CVA00\_011}{\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 \v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\tc {\insrsid9712853 }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tcl5Supreme Court Case No.\:CVA00\_011}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par Superior Court Case No.: CV0460-00}{\insrsid9712853 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Petition for Rehearing Granted, 
\par Opinion vacated June 10, 2004}{\insrsid9712853 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 OPINION}{\insrsid9712853 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Filed:}{\b\insrsid9712853  }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 July 9, 2003}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Cite as:}{\b\insrsid9712853  }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 2003 Guam 15}{\insrsid9712853 
\par 
\par }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam
\par Argued and submitted on February 4, 2003
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam
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\par }{\ul\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appearing for Plaintiffs-Appellee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 :
\par }{\insrsid9712853 Thomas C. Moody, Esq.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par Klemm, Blair, Sterling & Johnson, P.C.
\par }{\insrsid9712853 1008 Pacific News Building}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par 238 Archbishop F.C. Flores Street
\par }{\insrsid9712853 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam 96910}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \cell 
\par }{\ul\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appearing for Defendant-Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 :
\par John F. Tarantino, Esq.
\par }{\insrsid9712853 Law Office of John Tarantino}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par 250 Route 4, Chalan Pago
\par }{\insrsid9712853 P.O. Box 9938}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par Tamuning, Guam 96931\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow 
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\par }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 BEFORE: F. PHILIP CARBULLIDO, Chief Justice; FRANCES M. TYDINGCO-GATEWOOD, Associate Justice; RICHARD H. BENSON, Justice }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Pro Tempore}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 .}{
\insrsid9712853 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 CARBULLIDO, C.J.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 :
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [1]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab This case arises out of the alleged breach and improper termination of a Petroleum Marketing Practices Act Motor Fuels Franchise Agreement (hereinafter }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Franchise Agreement}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ) executed between Plaintiff-Appellee Mobil Oil Guam, Inc. (hereinafter }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
) and Defendant-Appellant Young Ha Lee (hereinafter }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 The trial court held that Lee breached the Franchise Agreement and that Mobil}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s termination of the Franchise Agreement did not violate the provisio
ns of the Petroleum Marketing Practices Act.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 We affirm the trial court in part and reverse in part.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 I.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [2]}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab On September 1, 1998, Mobil and Lee executed a Franchise Agreement governed under the Petroleum Marketing Practices Act (hereinafter }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 PMPA}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ), wherein Mobil, as Franchisor, granted Franchisee and Dealer, Lee, the right to use and occupy the Mangilao Service Station in the connection with the sale and distributio
n of Mobil brand fuels for a period of eight years.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
In return for the franchise rights, Lee provided Mobil with a $260,000 non-refundable conversion fee, a $30,000 security deposit, and, an authorization to make direct debit draws on Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s First Hawaiian Bank (hereinafter }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 FHB}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ) business banking account.}{
\cs15\super\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa240\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid14887431 \chftn }{\insrsid14887431  }{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 By partaking in the direct debit program, Lee received a one percent discount on the purchase of fuels and lubricants.\tab }}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [3]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab For twelve months, Lee operated his service station and received monthly Statements of Account from Mobil, which indicated that Mobil was being paid timely for its fuel sales.
}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 However, Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s credit posture changed after Lee}
{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s wife triggered an investigation into their account when she inquired about the possibility that Mobil was double charging on some invoices.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 The investigation led to the discovery that some of Mobil}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s direct debit draws from Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s FHB account were returned for non-sufficient funds, which meant that Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s monthly Statements of Account did not reconcile with the parties}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  respective monthly bank statements.
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [4]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab In a letter dated September 16, 1999, Serge Alves, a Mobil employee, informed Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s wife of the problem.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 On October 4, 1999, Leo A. Manlapaz (hereinafter }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Manlapaz}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ), Mobil
 Fuels Manager, contacted Lee for a meeting, in which Lee was provided a listing of all the returned direct debits amounting to $270,198.60 and was informed that his account would be switched to cash on delivery basis.}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 When Lee was asked to review and verify each item on the Non-Sufficient Funds (hereinafter }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 NSF}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ) list, Lee could not readily do so and }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
claimed that he had no prior knowledge of the returned direct debits and it was his wife who was handling all bank deposits.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, 
p. 239 (Manlapaz Decl.).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 On October 20, 1999, after several failed attempts to follow-up on the status of Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s review of the listing, Manlapaz called Lee, wherein }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [Lee] confirmed the accuracy of the NSF listing that was provided to him}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  and }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 promised to submit a written payment plan by October 21, 1999.}
{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, p. 240 (Manlapaz Decl.).
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [5]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab Lee did not meet his self-imposed deadline of October 21, 1999 to submit a payment plan.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Instead, on Novem
ber 1, 1999, Lee met with and delivered to Manlapaz a letter, which apologized for the overdue payments.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 The letter also contained a proposed payment plan, wherein he would }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 pay at least $50,000 within the next 2 weeks.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, p. 354 (Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Ltr.).}{\insrsid9712853 
 }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 On November 8, 1999, Mobil informed Lee that his proposed payment plan outlined on November 1, 1999 was }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 unacceptable as it [did] not meet Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s requirements on the timeliness of the full payment of [Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s] delinquent account,}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  which currently stood at $287,543.53.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, p. 355 (Manlapaz Ltr.).}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Mobil also warned Lee that the overdue payments }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
constitute[d] a serious violation of Article II(C) of [the] Franchise Agreement.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Excerpts of Record, vol. II, p. 355 (Manlap}{\insrsid9712853 az Ltr.).}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [6]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab On November 26, 1999, Mobil again reminded Lee of his continued violation of Article II(C) of the Franchise Agreement.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
At this point, Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s balance stood at $255,050.28.}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Mobil further notified Lee that in order to cure his default, he would have to make a $155,000.00 payment by the end of November 1999 and the remaining balance by December 31, 1999.}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 In response to Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s demand, on November 29, 1999, Lee}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s attorney informed Mobil of the difficulty in making the $155,000 payment within four days.}{
\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 The attorney further expressed that, }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Mr. Lee, of course, will make the payments, and he does not dispute the debt at this time, but he does need some additional time in which to make this overdue payment.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, p. 358 (Teker}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853 s Ltr.).}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [7]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab In light of Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s request for additional time to make the payments, on December 1, 1999, Mobil informed Lee that the $155,000.00 payment deadline would be extended to December 9, 1999.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Lee did not meet the December 9 deadline, and on December 15, 1999, Mobil sent Lee a }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Final Warning}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  letter that again reminded Lee of his continued default.}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Three days later, on December 18, 1999, Lee outlined another proposed payment plan.
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [8]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab On December 22, 1999, Mobil formally declined Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s latest proposed payment plan and counter-offered with another plan.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Under the plan, Lee was to sign a promissory note and to agree to pay $50,000 per month with interest at 15% per annum.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 The promissory note was to be secured by a mortgage on some of Lee}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s property.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Mobil noted that Lee}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s acceptance of the plan would be evidenced by either first payment of the $50,000 by December 28, 1999 or the finalization of certain documents (such as appraisal papers) in preparation for the execution of the promissory note.}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Lee failed to accept Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s payment plan, and on December 29, 1999, Mobil sent Lee a }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Notice of Termination: Failure to Pay}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  letter, which notified Lee that the Franchise Agreement would be terminated on January 16, 2000.

\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [9]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab On January 13, 2000, Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s attorney informed Mobil that his client was able to sell one of his properties and therefore, }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [would] be able to deliver a check in the amount of Eighty Thousand Dollars}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  to Mobil, which is to be applied on the outstanding account.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. I, p. 162 (Teker}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Ltr.).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 The letter also noted other properties that Lee was trying to sell and a request }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 that Mobil continue its practice of withholding}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  $9,000.00 to $10,000.00 monthly from his }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 customers}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  credit card charges to apply on the outstanding indebtedness.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. I, p. 162 (Teker}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Ltr.).}{
\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [10]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab Despite Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s latest offer, on January 16, 2000, Mobil effectively terminated the Franchise Agreement and took control over the Mangilao fuel station.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 On January 26, 2000, Mobil informed Lee}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s attorney that Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s offer (expressed during counsels}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  telephone conversation on January 24, 2000) of a $100,000.00 check payment and an execution of a promissory note }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 for the balance due providing for $10,000.00 monthly payments until this account is paid in full}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  was rejected.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. I, p. 167 (Johnson}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Ltr.).}{
\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 The letter also outlined Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s balance of $199,463.22 after Mobil subtracted the value of the station}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s inventory.
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [11]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab On March 20, 2000, Mobil filed a Complaint in the Superior Court of Guam, alleging breach of contract and praying for Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s payment of $192,465.72.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
On April 24, 2000, Lee filed an Answer and a Counterclaim to Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Complaint.}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Answer asserted five defenses, including estoppel}{
\cs15\super\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid14887431 \chftn }{\fs20\insrsid14887431  Lee}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s fourth defense stated that, }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 Plaintiff failed to timely notify Defendant that Defendant was in arrears in his payments for gasoline deliveries and, therefore, is estopped from terminating Defendant}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s Franchise Agreement as a result thereof.}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431   Appellant}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
s Excerpts of Record, vol. I, p. 37 (First Amended Answer and Counterclaim of Young Lee).}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  and waiver.}{\cs15\super\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa240\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\cs15\super\insrsid14887431 \chftn }{\fs20\insrsid14887431  Lee}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s fifth defense stated that, }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 Plaintiff waived the right to require timely payment of gasoline purchases and, therefore, waived the right to demand immediate payment therefor.}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431   Appellant}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 s Excerpts of Record, vol. I, p. 37 (First Amended Answer and Counterclaim of Young Lee).   }}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Lee also filed a counterclaim alleging that Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s termination and termination notice violated the provisions of the PMPA.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
On May 4, 2000, Mobil filed a Reply to Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s First Amended Counterclaim.}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [12]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab On July 20, 2000, Mobil sent Lee a }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Supplemental Notice of Termination.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, p. 380 (Glath Ltr.).}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Although }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 M
obil maintain[ed] that that notice of termination was sufficient as a matter of law and that termination of your franchise, Franchise Agreement and franchise relationship was legal and proper as January 16, 2000,}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  the supplemental notice provided that if }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 the Superior Court of Guam . . . determines that you were entitled to a longer notice period than was provided by Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s December 29, 1999 notice of termination, this letter shall serve as a supplemental notice of termination.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, p. 380 (Glath Ltr.).}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [13]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab On November 16, 2000, Mobil filed a motion for partial summary judgment arguing that Lee breached the contract, and, that Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s termination of the Franchise Agreement and notice of termination did not violate the provisions of the PMPA.
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [14]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab On December 4, 2001, the trial court issued a decision and order.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 First, the trial court granted Mobil}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s summary judgment motion on the issue that Lee breached the contract.}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 However, the trial court found that there was a factual question regarding }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 the amount due in excess of $164,922.51,}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 which took into consideration the three invoices that Lee challenged.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. I, p. 47 (Decision and Order, Dec. 4, 2001).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Second, the trial court granted Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s summary judgment motion and found that Mobil did not violate the PMPA provisions.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Last, the trial court dismissed Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s counter-claim }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 for attorney fees and exemplary damages.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s Excerpts of Record, vol. I, p. 51 (Decision and Order, Dec. 4, 2001).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Lee filed a timely appeal challenging the trial court}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s decision.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 II.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [15]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab This court has jurisdiction over this appeal from a final judgment pursuant to Title 7 GCA }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 3107, 3108(a) (1994).
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [16]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab We review the trial court}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s grant of a summary judgment }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 de novo}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 .}{\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 See Amsden v. Yamon}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
, 1999 Guam 14, }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  7 (citations omitted).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Summary judgment is proper }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
if the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Guam R. Civ. P. 56(c); }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Amsden}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 1999 Guam 14 at }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  7.}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 We similarly review contract construction }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 de novo.}{\i\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 See Apana v. Rosario}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 2000 Guam 7, }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  9; }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. v. George Hyman Constr. Co.}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 715 N.E.2d 749, 754-55 (Ill. App. Ct. 1999).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
In interpreting a contract, the language governs if clear and explicit and not involving absurdity.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Ronquillo v. Korea Auto., Fire, & Marine Ins. Co.,}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  2001 Guam 25, }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}
{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  10 (citing Title 18 GCA }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 87104 (1992)).}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Issues of statutory construction and jurisdiction are [also] reviewed }{
\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 de novo}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 .}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Taijeron v. Kim}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 1999 Guam 16, }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  9 (citing }{
\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 People v. Quichocho}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 1997 Guam 13, }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  3). 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 III.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [17]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab On appeal, Lee asserts that the trial court erred in granting Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s summary judgment motion on the issues of whether he breached the Franchise Agreement, and whether Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s termination of the Franchise Agreement and notice of the termination complied with the provisions of the PMPA.
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 A.}{\b\insrsid9712853  }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Breach of Contract
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [18]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab We begin our analysis by addressing the following three factual disputes that Lee avers to support his contention that the trial court erred in granting Mobil}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s s
ummary judgment on the breach of contract issue: (1) non-delivery of fuel, (2) amount of damages, and, (3) equitable estoppel.}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 1.}{\b\insrsid9712853  }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Delivery
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [19]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab Lee first argues that }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 there are issues of material fact in dispute of whether good[s] for which Mobil is seeking payment were actually delivered.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s Opening Brief, p. 11.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Although Lee correctly maintains that }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 evidence rais[ing] a disputed issue of material fact as to whether the goods . . . were actually delivered}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  forecloses summary judgment, }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Mountain Bound, Inc. v. Alliant FoodService, Inc.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
, 530 S.E. 2d 272, 274 (Ga. Ct. App. 2000) (citations omitted), Lee has not proffered any material evidence that disputes Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s actual delivery of the fuels.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [20]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab The gravamen of Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s allegation with respect to non-delivery is that the documents accompanying Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 NSF listing}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  are computer-generated and contain no signatures to prove receipt of the delivery.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 We find Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s allegation unpersuasive.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
The NSF listing contains twelve entries, denoting the date and the amount of the returned direct debits from Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s account.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Accompanying the NSF listing were sets of the following documents: (1) Summary Statements, which contain various invoice numbers to account for the direct de
bit entries that were allegedly returned for non-sufficient funds (Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, pp. 317, 323-324, 333, 336, 338, 340, 341, 344, 346, 348, 350, 352), and, (2) the duplicate Sales Invoices, which match the invoice numbers noted on the Summary Statement (Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, pp. 318-322, 325-332, 334, 337-339, 342-343, 345, 347, 349, 351, 353).}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 While we agree with Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s observation that the Summary Statements were most likely computer-generated and printed around November as noted on the bottom of each Summary Statement, we disagree with Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s contention that the Sales Invoices are not valid duplicates of the original invoices.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Each of the Sales Invoices contains various order numbers and is dated from September 29, 1998 through June 3, 1999.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Unless Lee }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 submit[s] evidentiary facts or materials, by affidavit or otherwise}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  to challenge the validity of the duplicate Sales Invoices, Lee is unable to support his assertion that Mobil did not make actual delivery of the items it claims it did.}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 See Tobron Office Furniture Corp. v. King World Prods., Inc.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 555 N.Y.S.2d 315, 316 (App. Div. 1990) (citations omitted). 
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [21]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab Moreover, we find especially significant the fact that Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s own }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
review[] [of] the documentation relative to the deliveries of fuel Mobil claims it delivered to the Mangilao Mobil gas station during the time at issue}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  (in preparation for trial) resulted in the discovery of only three challenged invoices that are not dispositive in this appeal. Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. I, pp. 62-64 (Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Decl.).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Consequently, because Lee has not produced evidence challenging the invoices that are part of the appeal, Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s assertions that Mobil did not make the actual delivery of fuels is insufficient to defeat summary judgment.}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 See Hartz Mountain Corp. v. Allou Distribs., Inc.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 570 N.Y.S.2d 66, 67 (App. Div. 1991); }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Tobron Office Furniture Corp.}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 555 N.Y.S.2d at 316 (noting that }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
[t]he failure to sufficiently demonstrate a material issue of fact requiring trial entitles plaintiff to an expedited determination of its claim for payment as to that merchandise actually delivered . . . .}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853 ).}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 2.}{\b\insrsid9712853  }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Total Damage Amount
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [22]\tab }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Lee next challenges the trial court}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s granting of summary judgment in light of his own expert}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s inability to determine the exact amount of damages.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 The crux of Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s challenge is grounded upon the declaration of Roger Slater (hereinafter }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Slater}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ), a C.P.A., who was hired by Lee }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 to review documents and financial records pertaining to this case.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, p. 169 (Slater}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Decl.).}
{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 With regard to the determination of the total outstanding amount owed, Slater made the following conclusion:}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 In reviewing the monthly Statements of Account, and t
he invoices and other paperwork supplied by Mobil I am unable to determine for the proper balance of Mr. Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s account, because various documentation supporting numerous charges and credits to Mr. Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s account was not supplied.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, p. 174 (Slater}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Decl.).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 We find Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s solicitation of an expert, whose only real conclusion is that he was unabl
e to determine the amount that Lee owes because of missing documents, unpersuasive especially since Lee was responsible for maintaining current, complete and accurate business records under the Franchise Agreement.}{
\cs15\super\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid14887431 \chftn }{\insrsid14887431  }{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 Pursuant to Article IV, paragraph C, section 10 of the Franchise Agreement, the Dealer is obligated to 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid14887431 
\par maintain current, complete and accurate business records, including all records referred to in Article VII, Paragraph A, and make such records available to Mobil for inspection during normal business hours at Mobil}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s request.  Mobil shall not disclose any such records or the contents thereof to any other party unless required by law to do so.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid14887431 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sa240\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid14887431 Appellant}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
s Excerpts of Record, vol. I, p. 14 (Franchise Agreement). }}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 As we discussed above, notwithstanding Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s challenge to the three invoices, Lee has not averred material evidence disputing the rest of the invoices, and therefore, the total damages that Mobil claims that Lee owes.}{\insrsid9712853 
 }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 See Tobron Office Furniture Corp.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 555 N.Y.S.2d at 316.}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 3.}{\b\insrsid9712853  }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Equitable Estoppel and Waiver }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [23]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab The last challenge that Lee proffers with respect to the breach of contract issue is whether equitable estoppel is applicable in this case.}{
\cs15\super\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa240\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid14887431 \chftn }{\insrsid14887431  }{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 We note a discrepancy between Lee}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
s First Amended Answer and Counterclaim and the issues Lee presents on appeal.  Under the First Amended Answer and Counterclaim, Lee couches the estoppel issue as the following: }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 Plaintiff failed to timely notify Defendant that Defendant was in arrears in his payments for gasoline deliveries and, therefore, }{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 
is estopped from terminating Defendant}{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 s Franchise Agreement as a result thereof}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 .}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431   Appellant}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 s Excerpts of Record, vol. I, p. 37 (First Amended Answer and Counterclaim of Young Lee) (emphasis added); Appellant}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 s Opening Brief, p. 14.  However, on appeal, Lee is no longer employing the estoppel doctrine to challenge Mobil}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 s termination of the Franchise Agreement, but, rather on Mobil}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
s right to demand payment of the outstanding balance.  }{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 See }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 Appellant}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
s Opening Brief, pp. 12-13.}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Equitable estoppel is defined as }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [t]he doctrine by which a person may be precluded by his act or conduct, or silence when it is his duty to speak, from asserting a right which he would otherwise have had.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Heskett v. Paulig}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 722 N.E.2d 142, 145-146 (Ohio Ct. App. 1999) (citation
s and quotations omitted); }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 see Hodgkins v. New England Tel. Co.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 82 F.3d 1226, 1232 (1st Cir. 1996).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 The doctrine . . . is designed to prevent a miscarriage of justice}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  and }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 is to be }{
\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 used cautiously}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  because it bars the normal assertion of rights otherwise present.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Prof}{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
l Credit Servs. of New Orleans, Inc. v. Skipper}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 543 So.2d 498, 499-500 (La. Ct. App. 1989) (emphasis added).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Unlike promissory estoppel, equitable estoppel is available only as a }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 shield}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  or defense.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Estate of Hall v. HAPO Fed. Credit Union}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
, 869 P.2d 116, 118 (Wash. Ct. App. 1994) (citations omitted).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Guam has codified the doctrine of equitable estoppel in Title 6 GCA }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 5106(3), which provides:
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Specification of Conclusive Presumptions.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
The following presumptions, and no others, are deemed conclusive: 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri1440\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Whenever a party has, by his own declaration, act or omission, intentionally and deliberately led another to believe a particular thing true, and to act upon such belief, he cannot, in any litigation arising out of such declaration, act or omission be per
mitted to falsify it;
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par Title 6 GCA }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 5106(3) (1994).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Lee correctly notes that Guam}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s equitable estoppel doctrine was adopted from the California Civil Procedure (CCP }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  1962).}{
\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Case law applying the doctrine has set forth the following four elements that must be proven in }{\insrsid9712853 an equitable estoppel analysis:}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (1) that the party to be estopped must be apprised of the facts; 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (2) he mus
t intend that his conduct will be acted upon, or act in such a manner that the party asserting the estoppel could reasonably believe that he intended his conduct to be acted upon; 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (3) the party asserting the estoppel must be ignorant of the true state of the facts; and 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (4) he must rely upon the conduct to his injury.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Crestline Mobile Homes Mfg. Co., Inc. v. Pac. Fin. Corp.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 356 P.2d 192, 195-196 (Cal. 1960); }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Mariano v. Guam Civil Service Commission Bd.}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 1983 WL 30227 * 1 (D.Guam App. Div. 1983); }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Safway Steel Prods., Inc. v. Lefever}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 256 P.2d 32, 33 (Cal. Ct. App. 1953).}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Moreover, because the doctrine is an affirmative defense, }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
the party relying upon the doctrine of equitable estoppel,}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 which in this case is Lee, has the burden to }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
prove the existence of the four required elements essential to its application.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Crestline Mobile Homes}{\insrsid9712853 , 356 P.2d at 195-196.}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [24]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab In the case at bar, Lee argues that Mobil is equitably estopped from demanding payment on Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s outstanding balance because Mobil sent him monthly Statements of Account, which provided that he was making timely statements, notwithstanding his receipt of FHB}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s monthly statements that apprised him that his direct debits were being returned.}{
\cs15\super\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid14887431 \chftn }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
 Although the parties refer to the defense of }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 waiver}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431  in the topic sentence of their briefs, both parties do not separately address the elements of waiver and merely lump it with the equitable estoppel discussion.  }{
\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 See }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 Appellee}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s Brief, p. 13; Appellant}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s Reply Brief, p. 5.  The separate defense of waiver stems from Lee}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s fifth defense contained in his First Amended Answer and Counterclaim, which states }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 Plaintiff waived the right to require timely payment of gasoline purchases and, therefore, waived the right to demand immediate payment therefore.}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431   Appellant}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s Excerpts of Record, v
ol. I, p. 37 (First Amended Answer and Counterclaim of Young Lee).  Moreover, both parties fail to cite Article XVI(G) of the Franchise Agreement.  The provision, entitled }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 Waiver,}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431  provides the following:
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid14887431 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid14887431 Unless a specific time requirement is set forth in this Agreement, }{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 no failure or delay}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
 on the part of Mobil or Dealer in exercising any of their respective rights under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver of such
 rights.  No single or partial exercise of any rights under this Agreement shall preclude any other or further exercise of such rights or the exercise of any other right under this Agreement.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid14887431 
\par Appellant}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s Excerpt
s of Record, vol. I, p. 32 (Franchise Agreement) (emphasis added).  Consequently because the substance of the parties}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
 brief do not treat waiver as a separate issue, we will not address waiver as a separate matter.}{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431   See Cent. Indiana Carpenters Welfare Fund v. Ellis}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 , 412 N.E.2d 865, 869 (Ind. Ct. App. 1980) (}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 Technically, there is a distinction between }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 waiver}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431  and }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 estoppel.}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
 A waiver is an intentional relinquishment of a known right and is a voluntary act, while the elements of estoppel are the misleading of a party entitled to rely on the acts or statements in question and a consequent change of position to his detriment.}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 ) (citation omitted).
\par }}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 We find that Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s equitable estoppel argument fails for two reasons.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
First, with regards to the first and second elements in an equitable estoppel analysis, the record does not establish that Mobil, an international conglomerate, was intentionally misleading one of it
s franchisees by sending him Statements of Account that did not include information on the returned direct debits.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Mobil explained that the error was caused by Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s internal accounting system, which }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 was not }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 directly linked}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  with information generated by its }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 direct debit system}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  and information provided by the statements furnished Mobil by the [BOG] relating to Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s account with the [BOG].}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, p. 170 (Slater Decl.); }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 see }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, p. 239 (Manlapaz Decl.) (expressing }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Mobil acknowledges that it did not catch numerous returned items until the fall of 1999.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ).}{
\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 However, once Mobil was made aware of the problem, it immediately notified Lee.}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [25]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab Second, assuming }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 arguendo}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 that Lee successfully demonstrates that Mobil was aware of the returned direct debits and nonetheless sent Lee the inaccurate monthly Statements of Account, Lee remains unable to prove all of the requisite elements in an equitable estoppel defense.}{
\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Lee must still establish that he was }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
ignorant of the true state of the facts}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  and was therefore, an innocent party.}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 See Scottsbluff Nat. Bank v. Blue J Feeds, Inc.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 54 N.W.2d 392, 401 (Neb. 1952) (quotations and citations omitted) (}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 An essential element [of equitable estoppel] is the entire good faith and innocence of the party imposed on.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ); }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 W.E. Richmond & Co. v. Sec. Nat. Bank}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 64 S.W.2d 863, 872 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1933).}{
\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Here, Lee does not deny receiving FHB monthly statements, which afforded him knowledge of the true facts.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 See Scottsbluff Nat. Bank}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 54 N.W.2d at 401 (noting }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
no estoppel can arise where all the parties interested have equal knowledge of the facts, or where the party setting up the estoppel is chargeable with notice of the facts, or is equally negligent or at fault.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ) (citation omitted); }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Yancey Bros. Co. v. Dehco, Inc.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
, 134 S.E.2d 828, 830 (Ga. Ct. App. 1964) (}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
[A]n estoppel of this nature cannot arise where both parties have equal knowledge or means of obtaining knowledge of the facts alleged to constitute an estoppel.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 More importantly, Lee is also not arguing that proper examination of the monthly statements, conducted by a prudent 
businessman such as himself, was insufficient to provide him notice of the returned direct debits.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s monthly bank statements from FHB informed him that certain direct debits were being returned as marked by }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Return Item Non-Encl.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 At the bare minimum, Lee}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s disregard of the FHB statements illustrates that he did not }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
exercise . . . reasonable diligence to learn the truth.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 See Scottsbluff Nat. Bank
}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 54 N.W.2d at 401-02 (citation omitted).}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [26]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab Accordingly, we hold that the trial court did not err with respect to the equitable estoppel defense issue.
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 B.}{\b\insrsid9712853  }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 PMPA
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [27]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab The next issue that Lee presents is that the trial court erred in holding that Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s termination of the Franchise Agreement and the notice of termination complied with the provisions of the PMPA.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
The PMPA Act, 15 U.S.C. }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  2801 }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 et seq}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ., }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 was enacted by Congress in 1978 to establish }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
minimum Federal standards governing the termination and nonrenewal of franchise relationships for the sale of motor fuel by the franchiser or supplier of such fuel.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Clinkscales v. Chevron U.S.A., Inc.}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 831 F.2d 1565, 1566 (11th Cir. 1987) (quoting to S. Rep. No. 95-731, 95th Cong., 2d Sess. 1, }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 reprinted in}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  1978 U.S. Code Cong. & Admin. News 873).}{
\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 The Act reflects Congress}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  concern with }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 protecting franchisees, who generally have inferior bargaining power when dealing
 with franchisors, from unfair termination or nonrenewal of their franchises.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Carter v. Exxon Co., U.S.A.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 177 F.3d 197, 201 (3rd Cir. 1999) (citing S.Rep. No. 95-731, at 17-19, (1978), }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 reprinted in}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  1978 U.S.C.
C.A.N. 873, 875-77); }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 see}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Pro Sales, Inc. v. Texaco, U.S.A., }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
792 F.2d 1394, 1399 (9th Cir. 1986) (citing to S.Rep. No. 95-731, 95th Cong., 2d Sess. 15, }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 reprinted in}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  1978 U.S. Code Cong. & Admin.News 873, 874).}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 In order to prevent unlawful terminations or non-renewal of franchise agreements, the PMPA }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 impos[es] two requirements on franchisors.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 First, the franchisor may terminate a franchise only for certain statutorily prescribed grounds.}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Second, the franchisee must be given adequate notice of the franchisor}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s intent to terminate the franchise.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Sun Refining & Mktg. Co. v. Rago}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 741 F.2d 670, 672 (3rd Cir. 1984) (citations omitted); }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 see Hinkleman v. Shell Oil Co.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
, 962 F.2d 372, 376 (4th Cir. 1992) (citations omitted).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 In the present appeal, Lee argues both that Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s termination of the Franchise Agreement was not properly grounded under the PMPA and that Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s first notice of termination did not comply with the PMPA.}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 1.}{\b\insrsid9712853  }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Grounds for Termination
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [28]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab The grounds for termination and non-renewal under the PMPA are specifically delineated and described in Title 15 U.S.C. }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  2802(b)(2), which provides:}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 For purposes of this subsection, the following are grounds for termination or nonrenewal of a franchise relationship:}{
\insrsid14887431 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (A) }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
A failure by the franchisee to comply with any provision of the franchise, which provision is both reasonable and of material significance to the franchise relationship}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , if the franchisor }{
\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 first acquired actual or constructive knowledge of such failure}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 67 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li1440\ri2160\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin2160\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
(i) not more than 120 days prior to the date on which notification of termination or nonrenewal is given, if notification is given pursuant to section 2804(a) of this title; or}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri2160\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin2160\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li1440\ri2160\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin2160\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
(ii) not more than 60 days prior to the date on which notification of termination or nonrenewal is given, if less than 90 days notification is given pursuant to section 2804(b)(1) of this title.}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri2160\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin2160\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (B) }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 A failure by the franchisee
 to exert good faith efforts to carry out the provisions of the franchise}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , if}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 67 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri2160\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin2160\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li1440\ri2160\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin2160\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
(i) the franchisee was apprised by the franchisor in writing of such failure and was afforded a reasonable opportunity to exert good faith efforts to carry out such provisions; and
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri2160\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin2160\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li1440\ri2160\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin2160\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
(ii) such failure thereafter continued within the period which began not more than 180 days before the date notification of termination or nonrenewal was given pursuant to section 2804 of this title.}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri2160\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin2160\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-720\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (C) The 
occurrence of an event which is relevant to the franchise relationship and as a result of which termination of the franchise or nonrenewal of the franchise relationship is reasonable, if such event occurs during the period of the franchise is in effect an
d the franchisor first acquired actual or constructive knowledge of such occurrence}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 67 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\cs15\super\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \chftn 
{\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa240\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid14887431 \chftn }{\insrsid14887431  }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 The PMPA provides a non-exhaustive list of examples of such occurrences under sub-section (C) including fraud or criminal conduct by the franchisee, and }{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 
failure by the franchisee to make timely payments of sums owing to the franchisor}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 .}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431   }{
\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 Reyes v. Atlantic Richfield Co.}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 , 12 F.3d 1464, 1468 (9th Cir. 1993) (citations omitted) (emphasis added).}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx0\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx0\faauto\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
(i) not more than 120 days prior to the date on which notification of termination or nonrenewal is given, if notification is given pursuant to section 2804(a) of this title; or
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx0\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx0\faauto\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (ii) not more than 60 days prior to the date on which notification is given pursuant to section 2804(b)(1) of this title.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx0\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Title 15 U.S.C. }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  2802(b)(2)(A)-(C) (2002) (emphasis and footnote added).}{\cs15\super\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa240\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid14887431 \chftn }{\insrsid14887431  }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 Although the trial court in its Decision and Order relied on section 2802(c)(8) as the ground for Mobil}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s proper termination of the Franchise Agreement, we are precluded from applying section 2802(c)(8) because Mobil}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s first notice of termination did not specifically cite the section as a ground for termination.   }{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 
See}{\fs20\insrsid14887431  Appellant}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s Excerpts of Record, vol. I, pp. 49-50 (Decision and Order, Dec. 4, 2001); }{
\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 See O}{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 Shea v. Amoco Oil Co.}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 , 886 F.2d 584, 597-598 (3rd Cir. 1989) (}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 [I]n order for a termination to be proper under any of the su
bsections of section 2802(b)(2), the franchisor must comply with the notice requirement. }{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 
In order for the notice requirement to be meaningful, it must be the case that the franchisor, defending a PMPA action, not assert new reasons for the termination in c
ourt; the defendant must establish that the termination was proper under the PMPA based on the reasons that it gave to the franchisee in the notice of termination}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 .}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 ) (emphasis added).  }}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Moreover, even though Title 15 U.S.C. }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  2804, entitled }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Notification of termination or nonrenewal of franchise relationship,}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 is the principal provi
sion, which governs the timing of when a notification for termination or non-renewal should be provided to the franchisee, the ground that a franchisor relies upon to justify the termination under section 2802(b) also triggers certain notice timing requir
ements.
\par }{\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [29]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab In the instant matter, Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s first notice of termination dated December 29, 1999 (hereinafter }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
first notice}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 ) }{\insrsid9712853 provided as follows:}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Your failure to comply with the above-mentioned provisions provides grounds for termination of our Franchise Agreement, franchise and franchise relationship under the Petroleum Marketing Practices Act (PMPA).}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Pursuant to 15 U.S.C. 28
02(b)(2)(A) and 2802(b)(2)(B), Mobil hereby terminates its Franchise Agreement, franchise and franchise relationship with you along with all related supplemental agreements, effective January 16, 2000.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par Appellant}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Excerpts of Record, vol. I, pp. 41-42 (Manlapaz}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s Ltr.).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 According to the first notice, Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s termination of the Franchise Agreement was grounded on sections 2802(b)(2)(A) and 2802(b)(2)(B).}{\insrsid9712853  }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 At the outset, we readily dispose of the issue of whether section 2802(b)(2)(A) was a proper ground for termination in light of Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s failure to comply with the notification timing requirements as set forth in section 2802(b)(2)(A).}{\cs15\super\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \chftn {\footnote 
\pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid14887431 \chftn }{\insrsid14887431  }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 Mobil}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s reliance on 15 U.S.C. }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
 2802(b)(2)(A) fails.  According to the record, Mobil }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 first acquired actual or constructive knowledge,}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431  15 U.S.C. }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431  2802(b)(2)(A), of Lee}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
s failure to comply with the provisions of the Franchise Agreement around September or October 1998 as evidenced by the parties}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431  bank records.  }{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 See }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 Appellant}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
s Excerpts of Record, vol. II, p. 176 (Mobil}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s Bank of Guam Statement of account 10-31-98, providing that }{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 $46,890.36, ACH RT FOR YOUNG HA LEE}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 67 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 NSF}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 ).  Section 2802(b)(2)(A) requires that the }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 franchisor first acquired actual or constructive knowledge of [franchisee}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s] . . . failure . . . not more than 120 days prior to the date on which notification of termination . . . is given}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431  pursuant to section 2802(b)(2)(A)(i) or }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
not more than 60 days prior to the date on which notification of termination or non renewal is given}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
 pursuant to section 2802(b)(2)(A)(ii).  15 U.S.C. }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431  2802(b)(2)(A)(i), (ii).   Consequently, Mobil}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s December 29, 1999 notice surpassed both the one hundred twenty days and the sixty days requirement.
\par Furthermore, we are cognizant of the cases, which have held that each breach of the Franchise Agreement constitutes a separate and new running of the one hundred twenty days or sixty days period.  }{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 Geib v. Amoco Co.}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 , 29 F.3d 1050, 1056 (6th Cir. 1994) (citation omitted) (holding when }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
[franchisee] repeatedly breached the [Agreement], . . . each new breach provided  [franchisor] with 120 days to terminate the franchise}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 ); }{\i\fs20\insrsid14887431 Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v Finn}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 , 851 F.2d 1227, 1230 (9th Cir. 1988) (citation omitted) (finding that }{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 each . . .  separate violation of the lease agreement . . . constituted separate grounds for terminating the lease.}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 
).  However, even if this court applies the analysis of those cases, Mobil still did not meet the one hundred twenty days or sixty days requirement.  According to the NSF listing, the last entry/violation occurred on June 22, 1999.  Mobil}{
\fs20\insrsid14887431 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid14887431 s December 29, 1999 notice surpassed both the one hundred twenty days and sixty days deadline.}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 However, even though Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s first notic
e was improperly grounded on section 2802(b)(2)(A), the first notice was not rendered automatically ineffective and in contravention to the PMPA in light of Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s reliance on section 2802(b)(2)(B) as an alternative ground for termination.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 To be entitled to summary judgment, Mobil }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 needed to prove the occurrence of }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 only one}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  of the grounds for termination under the PMPA.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9712853  }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Clinkscales}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 , 831 F.2d at 1571 (emphasis added).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Our review of the trial court}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s decision and order reveals that the trial court failed to consider whether Mobil properly relied on section 2802(b)(2)(B) as a ground for termination.}{
\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 In view of such failing, we remand this case for the trial court to determine whether section 2802(b)(2)(B) justified Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s termination of the Franchise Agreement.}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 2.}{\b\insrsid9712853  }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Execution of Notice
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [30]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab In addition to challenging whether Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s termination was properly grounded on the PMPA, Lee further contends that Mobil violated the timing and content requirements of the PMPA.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Title 15 U.S.C. }{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 2804 sets forth the procedural and technical requirements of when a notice of termination must be sent and what that notice must contain.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Section 2804 provides in relevant part:}{\insrsid14887431 

\par }{\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (a) General requirements applicable to franchisor
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Prior to termination of any franchise or nonrenewal of any franchise relationship, the franchisor shall furnish notification of such termination or such nonrenewal to the franchisee who is a party to such franchise or such franchise relationship}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 66 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri1080\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1080\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi360\li1080\ri1080\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1080\lin1080\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (1)}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 in the manner described in subsection (c) of this section; and
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri1080\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1080\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi360\li1080\ri1080\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1080\lin1080\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (2)}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, not less than 90 days prior to the date on which such termination or nonrenewal takes effect.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (b) Additional requirements applicable to franchisor
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri1080\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1080\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi360\li1080\ri1080\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1080\lin1080\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (1)}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 In circumstances in which it would not be reasonable for the franchisor to furnish notification, not less than 90 days prior to the date on which termination or nonrenewal takes effect, as required by subsection (a)(2) of this section}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 66 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri1440\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi360\li1440\ri1440\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (A)}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 such franchisor shall furnish notification to the franchisee affected thereby on the earliest date on which furnishing of such notification is reasonably practicable; and}{\insrsid14887431 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri1440\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi360\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 . . . .
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (c) Manner and form of notification
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi360\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Notification under this section--
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri360\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin360\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi360\li1080\ri360\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin360\lin1080\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (1)}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  shall be in writing;}{
\insrsid14887431 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri360\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin360\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi360\li1080\ri360\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin360\lin1080\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (2)}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 shall be posted by certified mail or personally delivered to the franchisee; and
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri360\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin360\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi360\li1080\ri360\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin360\lin1080\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (3)}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  shall contain}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 66 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri1440\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi360\li1440\ri1440\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (A)}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 a statement of intention to terminate the franchise or not to renew the franchise relationship, together with the reasons therefor;
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri1440\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi360\li1440\ri1440\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (B)}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 the date on which such termination or nonrenewal takes effect; and
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri1440\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \fi360\li1440\ri1440\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 (C)}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 the summary statement prepared under subsection (d) of this section.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1080\tx1440\tx1800\tx2160\tx2520\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Title 15 U.S.C. }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  2804 (2002).}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Lee argues that Mobil violated the PMPA because Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s first notice did not properly comply with the timing and content requirements set forth by the PMPA.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Because we do not opine and remand the issue of whether Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s termination of the Franchise Agreement was properly grounded on the PMPA, we similarly remand the issue of whether Mobil violated the timing and content requirements of the PMPA.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
Our rationale for reserving opinion on this matter stems from the fact that the issue of whether Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s first notice of termination comported with the provisions of the PMPA is inextricably related to and contingent on whether Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s termination was properly grounded on the PMPA.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 If the trial court should find, however, that Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s termination was properly grounded on the PMPA, it should then make a determination of whether Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s first notice complied with the procedural and technical requirements as outlined in section 2804.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 IV.}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\b\insrsid9712853 
\par }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 [31]}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab We hold that the trial court did not err in granting Mobil partial summary judgment on the breach of contract issue.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
With respect to the trial court}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s granting of Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 s partial summary judgment on the PMPA issue, we }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 REMAND}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
 this case for the trial court to determine whether Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s termination of the Franchise Agreement was proper under the PMPA, and if so, whether Mobil}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 
s notice of termination complied with the provisions of the PMPA.}{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Accordingly, the trial court is }{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 AFFIRMED }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 in}{
\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  PART }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 and}{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  REVERSED }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 in}{\b\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853  PART}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 .}{
\insrsid9712853  
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 RICHARD H. BENSON\tab  \tab \tab  FRANCES M. TYDINGCO-GATEWOOD
\par Justice }{\i\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Pro Tempore}{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\insrsid9712853  }{\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 Associate Justice}{\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid9712853 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9712853 {\insrsid14887431\charrsid9712853 F. PHILIP CARBULLIDO
\par Chief Justice}{\insrsid9712853 
\par }}