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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 PACIFIC FINANCIAL CORP., HIGHSMITH & O}{\b\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 MALLAN, P.C.,}{\b\insrsid8223975  }
{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 DAVID HIGHSMITH and BASIL O}{\b\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 MALLAN}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
\par Defendants-Appellees
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\par Representing the Plaintiff-Appellant:
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Edward C. Han, Esq.}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Suite 227 (Rear Side), Hotel Hamilton}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 470 W. Soledad Avenue}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam 96910}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
\par 
\par Representing the Defendant-Appellee -}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
\par }{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Pacific Financial Corp}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 . 
\par Richard L. Johnson, Esq.
\par Klemm, Blair, Sterling & Johnson, P.C.
\par Suite 1008 Pacific News Building
\par 238 Archbishop F. C. Flores Street
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam 96910}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \cell 
\par Representing Defendants-Appellees -
\par }{\insrsid8223975  }{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Highsmith & O}{\ul\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan,P.C., David Highsmith
\par }{\insrsid8223975  }{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 and Basil O}{\ul\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan:
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 David Highsmith, Esq.}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Suite 209, Union Bank Building}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 194 Hernan Cortes Avenue}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam 96910}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Basil O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan, Esq.}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan, Leon Guerrero & Calvo}{\ul\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Suite 201, T.S. Tanaka Building, Route 4,
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam 96910\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow 
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\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 BEFORE: BENJAMIN J.F. CRUZ, Chief Justice, PETER C. SIGUENZA, Associate Justice, and JOHN A. MANGLONA, Designated Justice
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 CRUZ, C.J.:
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\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [1]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab Patricia Edwards brought an action to set aside a foreclosure of her real property pursuant to a private power of sa
le provision in a mortgage with Pacific Financial Corporation.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
The trial court granted summary judgment in favor of Pacific Financial Corporation and other Defendants finding no genuine issue of material fact as to the terms of an oral foreclosure forbear
ance agreement entered into by the parties to allow Edwards to bring her payments current and cure her default, and Edwards appealed.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 We}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
agree with the trial court and affirm its decision.
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\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [2]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab On July 14, 1992, the Appellant, Patricia Edwards (hereinafter }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Edwards}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 ), borrowed $150,000.00 from Appellee, Pacific Financial Corporation (hereinafter }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Pacific Financial}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
), and secured the loan with a mortgage on real property.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Edwards defaulted twice on this loan.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 As a result of her first default in 1996,}{
\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Pacific Financial invoked the power of sale provision in Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  mortgage and hired the law firm of Highsmith & O}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan, P.C. to foreclose Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  interest in the mortgaged property.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Edwards was served a Notice of Default and Election to Sell and thereafter a foreclosure sale was scheduled.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 However, prior to the date set for th
e foreclosure sale, Harry Gutierrez (hereinafter }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Gutierrez}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 ), as Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
 authorized representative, met with Attorney Highsmith (hereinafter }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Highsmith}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 ) or Attorney O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Mallan (hereinafter }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 ) and reached an oral foreclosure forbearance agreement.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Under this agreement, Edwards was to make payments as follows:}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 $4,000.00 by 2:00 p.m. on January 31, 1997,}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 $2,000.00 by 2:00 p.m. on February 7, 1997,}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 $2,000.00 by 2:00 p.m. on February 21, 1997, and}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 $2,000.00 by 2:00 p.m. on March 7, 1997.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Appellant}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s Excerpts of Record, Gutierrez Aff. at 2; Appellee}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
s Excerpts of Record, O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan Aff. at 2.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Pacific Financial asserts that the date for the foreclosure 
sale was postponed to each of the dates on which payment was due.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Edwards disputes this assertion.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
While not all the payments were made on time, Edwards and Pacific Financial agree that the loan was brought current and foreclosure was averted.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [3]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab In December of 1997, Edwards again defaulted.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Pacific Financial again invoked the power of sale provision in Edwards}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  mortgage and utilized the services of Highsmith & O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan, P.C. to foreclose on the mortgaged property.}{
\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Edwards was served a Notice of Default and Election to Sell and thereafter a foreclosure sale was scheduled for March 6, 1998.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
However, on February 19, 1998, Gutierrez once again met with O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan and they entered into a second foreclosure forbearance agreement.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Payments to bring the loan current were to be as follows:}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 $4,000.00 by Feb. 23, 1998,}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 $4,000.00 by Mar. 2, 1998,}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 $2,000.00 by Mar. 9, 1998,}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 $2,000.00 by Mar. 16, 1998,}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 $2,000.00 by Mar. 23, 1998, and }{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 $4,500.00 by Mar. 30, 1998.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Appellant}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s Excerpts of Record, Gutierrez Aff. at 2; Appellee}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
s Excerpts of Record, O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan Aff. at 4.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [4]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab A promissory note for the entire amount of $18,500.00 was to be executed by Gutierrez. However, for reasons which the parties dispute, this promissory note was never executed.
}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Gutierrez made the first two payments, albeit late on March 4 and 12, 1998, and O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan consequently postponed the 
foreclosure sale and posted notices to that effect on March 6, 13, and 20, 1998 at the Dededo Mayor}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s Office.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
However, Gutierrez missed the next three payment dates, and on March 27, 1998 the foreclosure sale was held and Pacific Financial purchased the property by credit bid for the entire amount due.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [5]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab Edwards filed suit in the Superior Court against Pacific Financial, the law firm of Highsmith & O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Mallan, P.C., and David Highsmith and Basil O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan as separate defendants seeking primarily to set aside the foreclosure sale and have title to the mortgaged property restored to her.
}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Subsequently, Pacific Financial filed a Motion for Summary Judgment.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
The trial court found that there was no genuine issue that terms of the foreclosure forbearance agreement required Edwards to make specific installment payments and granted summary judgment in favor of all Defendants.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Edwards v. Pacific Financial Corp.,}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  CV2785-98 (Super. Ct. Guam Sept. 17, 1999).}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 II.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [6]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab This court has jurisdiction pursuant to 7 GCA }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  3107 (1994).}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [7]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab The trial court's decision to grant summary judgment shall be reviewed }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 de novo}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 .}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Iizuka Corp. v. Kawasho Int'l (Guam) Inc.}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 , 1997 Guam 10, }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  7.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Under the Guam Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 56, summary judgment is proper if the pleadings, dep
ositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Id.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 A genuine issue of fact exists if there is "sufficient evidence" which establishes a factual dispute requiring resolution by a fact\_finder.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Id.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 A material fact is one that is relevant to an element of a claim or defense and whose existence might affect the outcome of the suit.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Id.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Disputes over irrelevant or unnecessary facts will not preclude a grant of summary judgment.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Id.}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab If the movant can demonstrate that there are no genuine issues of material fact, the non\_movant cannot merely rely on allegations contained in th
e complaint, but must produce at least some significant probative evidence tending to support the complaint.}{\i\insrsid8223975  }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Id. }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 at }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  8 (citing }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Anderson v. Liberty Lobby}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
, 477 U.S. 242, 249, 106 S.Ct. 2505 (1986)).}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 In addition, the court must view the evidence and draw inferences in the light most favorable to the nonmovant.}{\i\insrsid8223975  }{
\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Id. }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 (citation omitted).}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 The "court's ultimate inquiry is to determine whether the "specific fact
" set forth by the nonmoving party, coupled with undisputed background or contextual facts, are such that a rational or reasonable jury might return a verdict in its favor based on that evidence."}{\insrsid8223975  }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Id. }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 (citation omitted).}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 III.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 A.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [8]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab 
Edwards takes the position that the foreclosure forbearance agreement allowed her to complete payment of the $18,500.00 on or before March 30, 1998, and, therefore, the foreclosure sale on March 27, 1998 violated the agreement.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Pacific Financial argues that the foreclosure forbearance agreement required Edwards to make installment payments on specific dates and that any failure to make payment would cause foreclosure to proceed immediately.}{
\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [9]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab The parties agree that this case is essentially a contract dispute. Generally, in a contract dispute, a motion for summary judgment may be granted only where the agreement}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s language is unambiguous and conveys a definite meaning.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 John Hancock Mutual Life Ins. Co. v. Amerford Int}{
\i\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 l. Corp}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 ., 22 F.3d 458, 461 (2nd Cir. 1994).}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
The fact that the parties did not reduce the contract to writing aggravates the ambiguity alleged by Edwards and creates the central problem in this case.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Under Guam law, }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [a] contract m
ust be so interpreted as to give effect to the mutual intention of the parties as it existed at the time of contracting, so far as the same is ascertainable and lawful.}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 18 GCA }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  87102 (1992).}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Therefore, the intent of the parties at the time they entered the foreclosure forbearance agreement must be examined. }{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [10]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab To garner the contract}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
s meaning, extrinsic evidence such as letters, reports of conversations, and the parties}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  actions may be used.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Fitzsimmons v. Best
}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 , 528 F.2d 692, 694 (7th Cir. 1976).}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
This evidence will determine whether Edwards provided sufficient, significant probative evidence, viewed in the light most favorable to her, to show a genuine issue that}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
foreclosure forbearance agreement allowed her until March 30, 1998 to pay the $18,500.00; and whether this evidence, coupled with undisputed background or contextual facts, might lead a rational or reasonable jury to return a verdict in Edwards}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  favor.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Iizuka,}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  1997 Guam 10 at }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  7 and 8.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [11]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab Beginning with Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
 default in December of 1997, the undisputed evidence shows that Pacific Financial recorded a Notice of Default and Election to Sell at the Department of Land Management on December 4, 1997.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
This notice was addressed to Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  Guam address and informed her of the right to stop foreclosure by paying the amount due within three months of the date of recordation.}{
\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 On February 5, 1998, Pacific Financial recorded a Notice of Sale Under Mortgage which noticed the foreclosure sale for March 6, 1998 at 10:00 a.m. at the Dededo Mayor}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}
{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s Office.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Pacific Financial alleges that this notice was served on Edwards and posted at the Dededo Mayor}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s Office.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Gutierrez, as Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  authorized representative, met with O}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan on February 19, 1998, and they agreed to a payment schedule to cure the default.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Pursuant to this agreement, O}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan postponed the March 6, 1998 foreclosure sale.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 In Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  Opening Brief, she admits that Gutierrez met with O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan on February 19, 1998 in an effort to postpone the March 6, 1998 sale.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Further, Gutierrez states in his affidavit that O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan informed him that a payment had to be made before March 6, 199[8].}{
\cs15\super\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa240\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid13902081 \chftn }{\insrsid13902081  }{
\fs20\insrsid13902081 We note errors in Paragraphs 15 and 16 of Gutierrez}{\fs20\insrsid10845807 '}{\fs20\insrsid13902081 
s Affidavit in which he refers to payments in March of 1999.  Clearly, the payments under the foreclosure forbearance agreement were due in Feb. and March of 1998, not 1999.}}}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
The facts that (1) the first payment was scheduled for February 23, 1998; (2) the foreclosure sale was set for March 6, 1998; and (3) Gutierrez knew he had to make a payment before March 6, 1998 to avoid foreclosure, contradict Edwards}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  argument that the foreclosure forbearance agreement postponed the foreclosure sale until March 30, 1998.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [12]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab The evidence shows that Gutierrez and O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Mallan intended the foreclosure forbearance agreement to include an installment payment plan.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
The fact that Gutierrez made the first two payments, albeit late, indicates that he knew installment payments were required or foreclosure would follow.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 This conclusion is supported by statements in O}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s affidavit, which Edw
ards does not dispute, that Gutierrez contacted him to request an extension of time to make the late payments.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 In addition, when Gutierrez}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s made his first payment on March 4, 1998, the receipt he was given expressly stated }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [f]oreclosure postponed until March 13, 1998.}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Record on Appeal, Complaint, Exh. B.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 In his affidavit, Gutierrez offers the excuse that he did not see this notation until it had been pointed out by Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  attorney.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
However, this notation provides actual notice of the fact that the sale was postponed until March 13, 1998, and, at the very least, Gutierrez had constructive notice of the postponed sale.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 See, e.g., 
}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 1 GCA }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  718 and 719 (1992).}{\cs15\super\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\cs15\super\insrsid13902081 \chftn }{\insrsid13902081   }{\fs20\insrsid13902081 Section 718 defines actual notice as notice }{\fs20\insrsid13902081 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{
\fs20\insrsid13902081 which consists of express information of a fact,}{\fs20\insrsid13902081 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid13902081  and constructive notice as notice }{
\fs20\insrsid13902081 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid13902081 which is imputed by law.}{\fs20\insrsid13902081 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid13902081   1 GCA }{\fs20\insrsid13902081 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid13902081  718.  Section 719 further defines constructive notice.   }{
\fs20\insrsid13902081 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid13902081 
Every person who has actual notice of circumstances sufficient to put a prudent man upon inquiry as to a particular fact, has constructive notice of that fact itself in all cases in which, by prosecuting such inquiry, he might have learned such fact.}{
\fs20\insrsid13902081 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid13902081   1 GCA }{\fs20\insrsid13902081 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{
\fs20\insrsid13902081  719.
\par }}}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  contention that she had until March 30, 199
8 to make full payment to cure the default flies in the face of her agreement to make installment payments on specific dates.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 If O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Mallan had intended to give Edwards until the end of the month to make payment, there would have been little need to agree to a specific installment payment plan.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Clearly, O}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan did not intend to postpone the foreclosure until March 30, 1998.}{\insrsid8223975  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [13]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab Edwards further contends that neither she nor Gutierrez were informed by O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Mallan that foreclosure would proceed if any installment payment was missed and that O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan represented to them that they had until March 30, 1998 to make full payment.}{
\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 The only substantive evidence that Edwards puts forth is the unsigned promissory note which she alleges allows her until March 30, 1998 to make full payment.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 While the unsigned note is unenforceable and of no effect pursuant to Title 18 GCA }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  86106(2) (1992), it does indicates the terms to which Gutierrez and O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan agreed upon at their February 19, 1998 meeting.}{
\cs15\super\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid13902081 \chftn }{\fs20\insrsid13902081 
This section  provides in part:
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid13902081 
\par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri1440\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin1440\lin1440\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid13902081 
What contracts must be written.  The following contracts are invalid, unless the same, or some note or memorandum thereof, is in writing and subscribed by the party to be charged, or his agent:
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid13902081 . . . .
\par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri1440\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin1440\lin1440\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid13902081 2.  A special promise to answer for the debt, default, or miscarriage of another; except for the cases provided for in }{\fs20\insrsid13902081 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid13902081  31203 of the Title [Promise to Answer for the Obligation of Another] . . .
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid13902081 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa240\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid13902081 18 GCA }{\fs20\insrsid13902081 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid13902081  86106(2).}}}{
\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 The relevant portion of the note provides:}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 For value received, I HARRY GUTIERREZ . . . promise to pay to PACIFIC FINANCIAL CORPORATION, at the law office of Highsmith & O}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Mallan, P.C. . . . the principal sum of EIGHTEEN THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED DOLLARS ($18,500.00) in two installments of FOUR THOUSAND DOLLARS ($4,000.00) due on February 23, 1998 and March 2, 1998; three installments of TWO THOUSAND DOLLARS EACH ($2,000.00) du
e on March 9, March 16, and March 23, 1998; and the final payment of FOUR THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED DOLLARS ($4,500.00) due on March 30, 1998.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
This note may be prepaid at any time, in whole or in part without penalty.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Record on Appeal, Tab 1, Complaint, Exh. C, Promissory Note at 1.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Contrary to Edwards}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  assertion, nowhere in the note is Gutierrez expressly given the right to make full payment of $18,500.00 by March 30, 1998.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
The last sentence of the paragraph allows Gutierrez to prepay the note in whole or in part anytime within the scheduled payment dates.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
It neither excuses late payment or nonpayment of the installments, nor does it expressly allow a lump sum payment to be made by March 30, 1998.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Moreover, in Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  Opposition to the Motion for Summary Judgment, she admits that the promissory note did not mention a March 30, 1998 deadline:}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 As a part of the [foreclosure forbearance] agreement, Defendant O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Mallan, on behalf of his client, [D]efendant Pacific Financial, agreed to postpone the sale scheduled on March 6, 1998, until after March 30, 1998, }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 though the Promissory Note prepared by [D]efendant O}{
\b\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan is silent on this matter}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 .}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Record on Appeal, Tab 32, Opposition to Motion for Summary Judgment at 4 (emphasis added).}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
This position is in direct conflict with Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  position on appeal that the promissory note provided a payment deadline of March 30, 1998.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Thus, the promissory note does little to show a genuine issue of material fact.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [14]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab We find that Edwards has not provided significant probative evidence to support her claim that the foreclosure forbearance agreement allowed her until March 30, 1998 to compl
ete payment and cure the default.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Thus, we hold that there is no genuine issue of material fact with respect to the terms of the foreclosure forbearance agreement.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 B.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [15]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab Edwards also raises an issue of whether acceptance of late payments by O}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan excused other late payments and waived any right of Pacific Financial to declare a breach of the foreclosure forbearance agreement.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 The general rule is that a vendor}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s acceptance of payments past due under an executory contract temporarily suspends his rig
ht to declare a breach of the contract unless the purchaser is thereafter given notice that strict performance in the future will be required and the purchaser is given reasonable time to perform.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Lopez v. Bell}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 , 207 Cal. App. 2d 394, 398; 24 Cal. Rptr. 626, 629 (Cal. Dist. Ct. App. 1962); }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 see also Falk v. Allen}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
, Civ. No. 82-0184A, 1983 WL 30216, at 3 (D. Guam Ap. Div. Aug. 25, 1983) (applying California law which holding that the acceptance of late payments after breach of a lease precludes landlord from declaring a forfeiture by that breach).}{\insrsid8223975 
 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [16]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab 
With regard to this argument, we established above that there is no genuine issue that the foreclosure forbearance agreement required Edwards to make payments by specific dates or foreclosure would proceed immediately.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 In his affidavit, Gutierrez states that at his meeting with O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan to discuss a cure for the breach, a payment plan was devised.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Gutierrez further states that he told O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan that he would be tight on money and O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan responded that a payment had to be made by March 6, 1998, the original foreclosure sale date.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 As a result, Gutierrez made the first payment on March 4, 1998.}{
\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 In the receipt for that payment, a notation informed Gutierrez that foreclosure was postponed to March 13, 1998.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Not surprisingly, Gutierrez made his next payment on March 12, 1998 and again foreclosure was averted.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Thus, O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s conduct in informing Gutierrez to make payments by March 6 and March 13 was notice to Gutierrez that timely payment was re
quired and does not indicate waiver of the right to proceed with the foreclosure sale.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [17]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab Further, in reviewing the parties}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
 actions to ascertain the terms of the foreclosure forbearance agreement, we note that this was the second such agreement entered into by the parties.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 In Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  earlier default, the parties agreed on an installment payment plan to cure Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  default.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
In that agreement, Edwards paid four installments and the default was cured.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Pacific Financial asserts that each time a payment
 was made, foreclosure was postponed to the next installment payment due date.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Edwards argues that Gutierrez was not told that foreclosure would proceed on the installment payment due date if payment was not received.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Gutierrez made timely installment pa
yments on all but the last payment.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 For this late payment, O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Mallan alleges, and Edwards does not dispute, that Gutierrez contacted him to request an extension of the sale.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 The fact that Gutierrez made timely payments and contacted O}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan when the last payment would be late indicates that Gutierrez knew of the requirement to make timely payment or foreclosure would follow.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Gutierrez}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s actions with respect to the first foreclosure forbearance agreement do not support his claim that he did not know that
 foreclosure would occur if he missed any payment in the second foreclosure forbearance agreement and do little to support his waiver argument.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [18]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab Thus, while O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan did accept late payments, Gutierrez was informed that future payments
 would be required in a timely manner and Gutierrez was given reasonable time to perform.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Moreover, we cannot ignore Gutierrez}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
s conduct indicating that he was aware of his responsibility to make timely payments under the foreclosure forbearance agreement.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Under these circumstances, we find that O}{
\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan did not waive}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 the right to foreclose despite accepting late payments.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 C.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [19]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab 
Edwards claims that she did not receive adequate notice of the March 27, 1998 foreclosure sale in violation of the paragraphs 14 and 18 of the mortgage. Generally, }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [t]he only requirements of notice of sale essential to the validity of a sale . . . are those expressly and specifically prescribed by the terms of the instrument and by 
the provisions of the applicable statutes.}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid8223975  }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Lopez, }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 207 Cal. App. 2d at 397; 24 Cal. Rptr. at 628 (citing }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Lancaster Security Investment Corp. v. Kessler}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 , 159 Cal. App.2d 649, 652).}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Because Guam law contains no procedural requirements for a sale by a power of sale, the terms of Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  mortgage control exclusively.}{
\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Turning then to the mortgage, paragraph 14 addresses the method of service of notice, whereas paragraph 18 contains the power of sale provision and substantive notice requirements.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 In pertinent part,}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 paragraph 18 provides:}{\insrsid8223975  
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
If Lender invokes the power of sale, Lender shall mail a copy of a notice of sale to Borrower in the manner provided in paragraph 14 hereof and Lender shall publish the notice of sale.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
After the lapse of two weeks, Lender, without further demand on Borrower shall sell the Property at public auction at the time and place and under the terms designated in the notice of sale in one or more parcels and in such order as Lender by determine.}
{\insrsid8223975  }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Lender may postpone sale of all or any part of the Property by public announcement at the time and place of any previously scheduled sale}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 .}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Lender or Lender}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s designee may purchase the Property at any sale. }{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Appellee}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s Excerpts of Record, Benito Aff., Exh. B, Mortgage at }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  18 (emphasis added).}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
 mortgage thus permits postponements and provides the notice requirements the lender must fulfill in the event of a postponement.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Under p
aragraph 18, the lender need only appear at the time and place of the previously scheduled sale and announce the new date of the sale.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
This paragraph does not expressly and specifically require the lender to provide notice of the postponement directly to the borrower, it requires only that the lender provide notice of the original sale date to the borrower.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Thus, under the rule expressed in }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Lopez}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 , }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 supra}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 , the foreclos
ure sale was valid.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Presumably, if the borrower, wanted to bid on property, she could appear at the time and place of the announced sale and could either submit her bid or be informed of a postponement and thus be made aware of the new foreclosure sale date. }{
\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [20]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab Edwards does not dispute receiving notice of the March 6, 1998 sale date.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Thus, the only question remaining is whether Pacific Financial complied with the notice requirement for the postponement.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 The uncontested evidence shows that O}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Mallan appeared three times at the Dededo Mayor}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
s Office at the times and dates of the scheduled foreclosure sales and announced the postponements by posting notices thereof.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
We find that such public declarations of the postponements meet the requirements of paragraph 18 and are reasonably calculated to inform those who would be interested, including a mortgagor.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
See, California Livestock Prod. Ass}{\i\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 n v. Sutfin}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 , 165 Cal. App. 3d 136,142, 211 Cal. Rptr. 152, 155 (Cal. Ct. App. 1985).}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Further, we find that under the
 express and specific terms of the mortgage, that Pacific Financial was not required to serve notice of the postponements directly upon Edwards, and that the foreclosure sale was appropriately noticed.}{\cs15\super\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \chftn 
{\footnote \pard\plain \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa240\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid13902081 \chftn }{\insrsid13902081  }{\fs20\insrsid13902081 
The trial court found that notice and postponement requirements of the foreclosure sale are set forth in 15 GCA }{\fs20\insrsid13902081 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid13902081  2341 and 2343.  However, these sections govern notice of sale requirements and procedures for the sale of the real property of a decedent}{\fs20\insrsid10845807 '}{
\fs20\insrsid13902081 s estate.  These sections are inapplicable to the foreclosure of mortgaged property pursuant to a power of sale provision.  Unlike other jurisdictions, Guam has yet to adopt statutory procedures to regulate power of sale fo
reclosures.  Thus, for better or worse a borrower and a lender are free to establish and incorporate their own procedures within the power of sale provision in a mortgage.}}}{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [21]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab Finally, Edwards claims that summary judgment was premature because she was not afforded reasonable opportunity to conduct discovery.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Generally, summary judgment is inappropriate when the non-moving party has not been given adequate time for discovery to establish the existence of an element essential to a party}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s case, and on which the party will bear the burden of proof at trial.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Elvis Presley Enterprises, Inc., v. Elvisly Yours, Inc}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
., 936 F.2d 889, 893 (6}{\super\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 th}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  Cir. 1991) (citing }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Celotex Corp. v. Catrett}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 , 
477 U.S. 317, 322-323, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2552 (1986).}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 However,}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Edwards failed to raise this}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
issue until her appeal was filed.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 The court notes that in her Opposition to Summary Judgment, Edwards requested more time to oppose summary judgment.}{\insrsid8223975  }{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 However, he
r request was not based on an allegation that she had insufficient time to conduct discovery; it was based on the reason that she was obtaining new counsel and that she might desire to assert new matters through her new counsel to support her opposition t
o summary judgment.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 As a general rule, this court will not address arguments raised for the first time on appeal. }{\i\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Ward v. Reyes}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
, 1998 Guam 1, }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  9. Edwards had ample opportunity to request more time for discovery 
prior to the summary judgment hearing, such as through a GRCP 56(f) affidavit but failed to do so.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Thus, this court will not consider this issue on appeal. }{\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 IV.}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 [22]}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 \tab The evidence submitted by Edwards, viewed in the light most favorable 
to her, does not tend to support her claim that there is a genuine issue that the foreclosure forbearance agreement ultimately postponed the sale until March 30, 1998.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Further, this evidence, coupled with the undisputed background or contextual facts does not lend to a belief that a rational or reasonable jury would return a verdict for Edwards.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 
Therefore, we find no genuine issue of material fact with respect to the terms of the foreclosure forbearance agreement.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Additionally, we see no merit in Edwards}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{
\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975  argument that summary judgment was premature and that the notice of sale was inappropriate.}{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 We hold that Appellees are entitled to summary judgment as a matter of law.}
{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 Accordingly, the trial court}{\insrsid10845807\charrsid8223975 '}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 s decision is }{\b\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 AFFIRMED}{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 .}{
\insrsid8223975 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 PETER C. SIGUENZA\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\insrsid8223975  }{\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 JOHN A. MANGLONA
\par Associate Justice\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Designated Justice}{\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid8223975 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8223975 {\insrsid13902081\charrsid8223975 BENJAMIN J. F. CRUZ
\par Chief Justice
\par }}