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{\nofchars22945}{\*\company Superior Court of Guam}{\nofcharsws26917}{\vern16391}}\margl1440\margr1440 
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Guam Radio Services, Inc., d/b/a KOKU-FM Hit Radio100
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqr\tx9360\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\i\fs20\insrsid9838545    vs.  GEDA}{\fs20\insrsid9838545 , 2000 Guam 1, Opinion\tab Page }{\field{\*\fldinst {\fs20\insrsid9838545 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {
\fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid7494437 11}}}{\fs20\insrsid9838545  of 16
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM}{\b\insrsid7494437 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 GUAM RADIO SERVICES, INC.,
\par d/b/a KOKU-FM HIT RADIO 100
\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Plaintiff-Appellee}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 GUAM ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Defendant-Appellant}{\insrsid7494437 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Filed: January 12, 2000
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Cite as:}{\b\insrsid7494437  }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 2000 Guam 1}{\b\insrsid7494437 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Supreme Court Case No. CVA98-037
\par Superior Court Case No.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 CV2003-98}{\b\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam 
\par Argued and submitted on August 12, 1999 
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
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\par }{\ul\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Appearing for the Plaintiff-Appellee}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 :
\par PHILLIP D.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 ISAAC, Esq.,
\par CARLSMITH BALL
\par Suite 401, Bank of Hawaii Bldg.
\par 134 W Soledad Ave.
\par P.O. Box BF
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam 96932}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \cell 
\par }{\ul\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Appearing for the Defendant-Appellant:}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
\par LAWRENCE J. TEKER, Esq., 
\par Gayle & Teker, P.C.
\par Gayle & Teker Bldg., Suite 200
\par 330 Hernan Cortez Ave.
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam 96910
\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
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\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 BEFORE: BENJAMIN J.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 F.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 CRUZ, Chief Justice; PETER C.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
SIGUENZA, Associate Justice; and ALBERTO C.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 LAMORENA, III, Designated Justice
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 SIGUENZA, J:
\par }{\insrsid7494437\charrsid7494437 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [1]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab Guam Economic Development Authority, (hereinafter }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 GEDA}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 ) appeals the Superior Court}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s grant of summary judgment in favor of Guam Radio Services, Inc., doing business as KOKU-FM Hit Radio 100 (hereinafter }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 KOKU}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 ).}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Upon ruling that GEDA is an instrumentality of the government of Guam, the Superior Court held that GEDA is subject to the Sunshine Act and that the files and records of GEDA are public writings.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Accordingly, the trial court ordered the disclosure of documents listing the
 names of companies, individuals, or groups of individuals who are delinquent on their loans for the period beginning in January 1998 to the present, and documents indicating the extent of the delinquency.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 We affirm.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid7494437 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [2]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab 
On August 24, 1998, KOKU filed a complaint pursuant to the Sunshine Act of 1987 seeking disclosure of certain documents that contained the names of individuals and companies that were delinquent in paying their loans to GEDA and the length of the delinque
ncy.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 GEDA moved to dismiss this complaint, arguing that the Sunshine Act did not apply to GEDA and that the information at issue was protected by a right of privacy.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 KOKU then filed its opposition and a counter motion for summary judgment.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 In a Decision
 and Order filed on December 9, 1998 and in the corresponding judgment entered on December 23, 1998, the Superior Court granted KOKU}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
s Motion for Summary Judgment and ordered GEDA to deliver the relevant documents.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 ANALYSIS}{\insrsid7494437 
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\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [3]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab We have jurisdiction over this matter pursuant to 7 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  3107 and 3108 (1994).}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The trial court}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s grant of summary judgment shall be reviewed }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 de novo.}{\i\insrsid7494437  }{
\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Iizuka Corporation v. Kawasho International, (Guam), Inc.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  1997 Guam 10, }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  7.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Under Rule 56 of the Guam Rules of Civil Procedure, summary judgment is proper }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 if the pleadings, deposi
tions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Id.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 To grant summary judgment, there must not be a 
genuine issue which establishes a factual dispute requiring resolution by a fact-finder.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Id.}{\i\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 (citation omitted).}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 However, the dispute must be as to a material fact which is a fact that is relevant to an element of a claim or defense and whose existence
 might affect the outcome of the suit. Disputes over irrelevant or unnecessary facts will not preclude a grant of summary judgment.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\cs16\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Id.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [4]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab At issue is whether GEDA must disclose to KOKU certain documents pertaining to loans made by GEDA that are currently delinquent.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Specifically, KOKU seeks to obtain:}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
1) documents listing the names of companies, individuals, or groups of individuals who are delinquent on their loans for the period beginning in January 1998 to the present; and 2) documents indicating the extent of the delinquency.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 In conducting our }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 de novo }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 review, we necessarily reach the underlying questions of:}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
1) whether the Sunshine Act applies to GEDA; and if so, 2) whether the documents sought by KOKU are public writings subject to the Sunshine Act.}{\insrsid7494437  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [5]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab GEDA argues that it is a public corporation and not an instrumentality of the government of Guam.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
Thus, GEDA contends that the Sunshine Act of 1987 does not apply to it.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 GEDA further argues that the information at issue does not f
all within the ambit of public writings because the statutory definition of a public writing does not specifically include the written acts or records of a public corporation.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
In contrast, KOKU argues that GEDA is an agency within the meaning of the Sunshine Act of 1987.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
It further argues that the information sought in this case falls within the rubric of public writings and is therefore not protected under any privacy right. }{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [6]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab We begin our analysis by addressing the issue of the Sunshine Act}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s scope of applicability.}{
\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The Sunshine Act of 1987 is set forth in Title 5 of the Guam Code Annotated Chapter 10, sections 10101 through 10120.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
Section 10101 provides that this chapter of the GCA shall be known as the Sunshine Act of 1987.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Section 10102 then sets forth a series of definitions.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
In relevant part section 10102 provides:}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
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\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 (a) Agency means any authority of the government and includes a department, institutio
n, board, bureau, commission, council, committee of territorial government, branch, autonomous instrumentality, or other public entity of the government of Guam, whether or not it is within or subject to review by another agency.}{
\cs15\super\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \li360\ri360\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin360\lin360\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\f37\super\insrsid9838545 \chftn }{\f37\insrsid9838545  }{
\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 We note that Black}{\f37\fs20\insrsid16545260 '}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 s Law Dictionary defines the term, }{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{
\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 public entity}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545  as follows: }{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 [p]ublic entity includes a nation, state or county, city and
 county, city, district, public authority, public agency, or any other political subdivision or public corporation, whether foreign or domestic.}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}
}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545   B}{\f37\fs16\insrsid9838545 LACKS}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545  L}{\f37\fs16\insrsid9838545 AW}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545  D}{\f37\fs16\insrsid9838545 ICTIONARY}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545  1229 (6th ed. 1990).
\par }}}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 (b) Writings are written acts or records of the acts of the government of Guam and are either public or private.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 ....}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 (d) Private writings are all other writings which are not public writings.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 5 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  10102 (a) (b) and (d) (1993). }{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [7]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab Section 10102 (c) provides by implication some guidance as to whom the Sunshine Act applies.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Section 10102 (c) states that }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 public writings}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  are:}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
(1) the written acts or records of the acts of the sovereign authority, of the official bodies and tribunals, and of public officers or employees, legislative, judicial and executive, of the territory of Guam;}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 (2) public records kept in Guam, of private writings.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
(3) all data, not otherwise privileged, produced, generated or stored by a governmental body in connection with procurement, unless the Policy Office determines that such material is a trade secret of t
he person or entity submitting the material. The terms used in this Subsection are to be interpreted in the same way as in Chapter 5 of this Code (Procurement). Public writings also include the scores by public school of the National Standardized Achievem
ent Test and/or any locally standardized achievement test by public school. Individual test score results by student shall not be considered a public document or writing.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 5 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  10102 (c) (1) - (3) (1993). }{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [8]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab Section 10103 then articulates the Sunshine Act}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s main purpose.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Entitled, }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Right of Inspection of Public Writings,}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  it provides in its entirety, }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [e]very person has the right to inspect and take a copy of any }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 public writing}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 on Guam, except as otherwise expressly prohibited in law, and except as provided in }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 10104 of this Chapter.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 5 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  10103 (1993) (emphasis added).}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [9]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab We note that the introductory sections in the Sunshine Act fail to delineate precisely to whom the Sunshine Act of 1987 applies.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Thus, in determining whether the Sunshine Act applies to GEDA, we look to the language in the relevant sections and to the interplay among them in an endeavor to glean an understanding of the Sunshine Act}{
\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s applicability.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [10]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab As set forth above, the Sunshine Act}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
s introductory provisions indicate that the Sunshine Act grants citizens the right to inspect }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
public writings.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Although this grant of the right to inspe
ct is quite clear, the possessor of these }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 pubic writings}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  and/or the entity to whom this right of inspection shall be applied is not apparent upon a plain reading of the relevant statutes.}{
\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Indeed, the Sunshine Act is, in effect, silent as to whom the Sunshine Act applies.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [11]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab In determining whether the Sunshine Act applies to GEDA, we recognize, a circularity in the statutory interplay.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
The absence of a clear provision setting forth a list of entities or a scope of applicability requires this Court to determine if the records sought are }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 public writings.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
In our view, if records or documents sought by a party are in fact }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 public writings,}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  then by necessity, the Sunshine Act applies to that party exercising custody over such documents.}{
\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Thus, whether the Sunshine Act applies to GEDA depends upon whether the documents at issue herein are }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 public writings}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 as set forth in section 10102 (c) (1)-(3). }{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [12]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab We look to section 10102 (c) (1) -(3) to decide whether the records or documents at issue are }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 public writings.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Of the three clauses in section 10102 (c), the subsection (c) (1) is the most relevant subsection because subsections 10102 (c) (2) and (3) deal with private writing and procurement records, respectively.}{\insrsid7494437  
}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 For this reason, the disposition of this case rests squarely upon our determination of the applicability of subsection 10102 (c) (1) to the documents sought herein.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [13]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab In and of itself, GEDA is not a }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 sovereign authority.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Nor is it an }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 official tribunal.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Thus, our analysis turns on the question of whether GEDA is an }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 official bod[y] . . . of the territory of Guam.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Id.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The Ninth Circuit has indirectly addressed a similar though substantively different issue regarding GEDA}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s status in }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Laguana v. Guam Visitor}{\i\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s Bureau}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 , 725 F.2d 519 (9th Cir. 1984), and 
}{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Bordallo v. Reyes}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 , 763 F.2d 1098 (9th Cir. 1985).}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [14]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab In}{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  Laguana,}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 the court of appeals decided the issue of whether the appellant in the case therein was entitled to civil rights protection from patronage dismissals by virtue of her employment with GVB.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Laguana,}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  725 F.2d at 519.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 As a preliminary issue, the court recognized that the Governor of Guam }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 lacked the independent authority to create the Guam Visitors Bureau as a governmental instrumentality.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Laguana,}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  725 F.2d at 521.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
Consequently, the court ruled that because GVB was not a public entity, the plaintiff was not a public employee entitled to protection from patronage dismissals.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Id.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [15]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab In }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Bordallo, }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 the court of ap
peals decided the two-fold issue of whether GVB was an agency or instrumentality of the government and whether the statutory section governing membership of GVB}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
s board of directors violated the Organic Act of Guam.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Bordallo}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 , 763 F.2d at 1099.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The court 
found that the Legislature had expressly designated certain public corporations such as the Guam Airport Authority, the Guam Telephone Authority, and the Port Authority of Guam as instrumentalities of the government.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Bordallo}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 , }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Id.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  at 1103.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Based on this 
fact, the court held that the explicit listing of such public corporations as }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 instrumentalities}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  to the omission of others, indicated a legislative intent to limit the designation of }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 governmental instrumentalities}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  to only those public corporations that were particularly designated as such.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Id.}{\i\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Accordingly, the court affirmed the lower court}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
s ruling and held that there was no conflict with the Organic Act and that GVB was not an instrumentality of the government.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Id.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  at 1103.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [16]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab Albeit within an entirely different context in comparison with the matter at hand, th
is Court has also previously addressed the issue of whether GEDA is a governmental instrumentality.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 In }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 GEDA and GVB v. Island Equipment Co., Inc., }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 1998 Guam 7, this Court decided the narrow issue of whether the doctrine of sovereign immunity applied to GEDA and GVB.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Island Equipment}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  relied heavily on two Ninth Circuit cases cited above, }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Laguana}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 , and }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Bordallo}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 .}{
\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 It summarized the two cases by stating, }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
[b]oth cases stand for the proposition that GVB is not a governmental entity and suggest that GEDA falls in the same category.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Id.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  at }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  6.}{
\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Subsequent to this statement this Court remarked,}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 neither GEDA nor GVB is a governmental entity}{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 extended the protection of sovereign immunity.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Id.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 This Court then stated }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 GEDA and GVB are non-governmental entities and the doctrine of sovereign immunity does not apply.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Id.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  at }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  9.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [17]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab In }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Island Equipment}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  the s
ole issue to be determined was whether GEDA and GVB were entitled to sovereign immunity.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
A determination now that GEDA is indeed an official body under section 10102 (c) (1) will not affect the holding in }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Island Equipment}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 .}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The comments in that case relative to the status of GEDA and GVB as governmental instrumentalities pertained only to the issue of sovereign immunity.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [18]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab Notwithstanding the foregoing cases, there is compelling evidence that the Legislature did in fact consider GEDA to be an instrument
ality of the government in certain, admittedly limited respects, as evidenced in 12 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 50103 (k) (1993).}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Title 12, Chapter 50 of the GCA encompasses the statutes concerning the creation, status, duties, and powers of GEDA.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
Relevant to this discussion, section 50103 (k) indicates that in at least one instance, the Legislature considered GEDA to be an }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 agency or instrumentality or the government.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
This section provides: }{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\widctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
(k) The Corporation shall act as a central financial manager and consultant for those agencies or instrumentalities of the Government requiring financial guidance and assistance. Such technical assistance b
y the Corporation shall include but not be limited to obtaining of funds through bond or other obligations, structuring such bond issuances, preparation and dissemination of financial and investment information, including bond prospectuses, development of
 
interest among investment bankers and bond brokers, maintenance of relationships with bond rating agencies and brokerage houses and, generally, acting as the centralized and exclusive financial planner and investment banker for all the agencies and instru
mentalities of the Government.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
For purposes of this Subsection, 'agencies and instrumentalities of the Government' include but are not limited to such public corporations as the Guam Economic Development Authority}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
, the Port Authority of Guam, the Guam Airp
ort Authority, the Guam Telephone Authority, the Guam Power Authority, the Guam Memorial Hospital Authority, the University of Guam, and all other agencies or instrumentalities of the Government given the power, now or in the future, to issue and sell bon
ds or other obligations for the purpose of raising funds.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 12 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  50103 (k) (1998) (emphasis added).}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [19]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab 
Generally, courts have interpreted the legislative inclusion of certain entities to the omission of others in any statute as a indication of a legislative intent to omit or not include all other similarly situated entities.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Similarly, the Legislature}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s use of the limiting words, }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [f]or purposes of this Subsection,}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 may properly be viewed as a manifestation of the Legislature}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s conscious intent to so limit the designation of }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 agency}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  or }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 instrumentality of the government}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  to this particular subsection and this one specific instance.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 We do not oppose this position.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 However, we do note that section 50103 (k) evidences the fact that GEDA is, in certain legislatively defined circumstances, an agency or instrumentality of the government and as such we deem GEDA to be an }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 official body of the territory of Guam.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 It bears emphasizing that the Sunshine Act neither includes or excludes }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 any}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  entity, be it an agency, public corporation, or instrumentality of the government, in terms of setting forth its applicability.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
Consequently, our determination that GEDA is an }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 official body of the territory of Guam,}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 in at least this respect, proves significant because the Sunshine Act provides for the disclosure of the written acts or records of an }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}
{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 official body of the territory of Guam.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 See}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  5 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  10102 (c).}{\insrsid7494437  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [20]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab Adding support to the proposition that GEDA is indeed an }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}
{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 official body of the territory of Guam,}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  this Court in }{
\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Island Equipment}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 , commented that the Government Claims Act applies to GEDA by virtue of the fact that GEDA is a public corporation.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
See}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Island Equipment}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 , 1998 Guam 7, }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  9.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 We note that 5 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  6102 (1993) provides that: }{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [t]his Chapter applies, except as provided in }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  6104 of the Chapter, to the entire government of Guam, as specifically stated herein.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
No government agency, whether denominated as a line department, an agency, or a public corporation, is excluded from the scope of this Chapter. The fact that an agency or instrumentality has or has 
not the right to sue or to be sued in its own name does not exclude such agency or instrumentality from the scope of this Chapter.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 5 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  6102 (1993).}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [21]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab Section 6103 (a) of the Government Claims Act then provides that the }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Government of Guam shall include all agencies, departments, instrumentalities, }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 public corporations}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 ,}{
\cs15\super\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \li360\ri360\sa240\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin360\lin360\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\f37\super\insrsid9838545 \chftn }{
\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545   We note that Black}{\f37\fs20\insrsid16545260 '}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 s Law Dictionary defines }{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{
\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 public corporation}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545  in relevant part as }{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 an instrumentality of the state, founded and owned in the public interest . . ..}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\f37\insrsid9838545   }{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 B}{\f37\fs16\insrsid9838545 LACKS}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545  L}{\f37\fs16\insrsid9838545 AW}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545  D}{\f37\fs16\insrsid9838545 ICTIONARY}{
\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545  1228 (6th ed. 1990).}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  and all other entities of the government, no matter how designated, and whether or not such agencies may sue or be sued in their own name.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 5 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  6103 (a) (1993) (emphasis added). Thus, under this section, GEDA as a public corporation is subject to the Government Claims Act.}{\insrsid7494437  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [22]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab GEDA readily asserts that it is a public corporation.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 We agree.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 GEDA}{
\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s arguments before this Court regarding its status as a public corporation are consistent with this Court}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
s statement in }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Island Equipment}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 .}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The fact that the Legislature deemed GEDA to be an }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 agenc[y] and instrumentalit[y] of the Government}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 combined with the fact that GEDA is a public corporation points definitively t
o the conclusion that GEDA is an official body of the territory under section 10102.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 GEDA is subject to the Government Claims Act, }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 because}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  it is a public corporation.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Likewise, GEDA}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s status as a public corporation indicates that is an }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 official body of the territory of Guam.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 As such, it is subject to the Sunshine Act of 1987.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [23]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab Having held that the Sunshine Act applies to GEDA, the last issue pertains to the limitations set forth on the right to inspect the public writings of GEDA.}{\insrsid7494437  }
{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 5 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  10104 (1993)provides:}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 10104. Limitation on Right of Inspection.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 (a) None of the following documents may be inspected and copied pursuant to }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  10103 of this Chapter unless permitted by any other law of Guam:}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 (1) files involving the investigation of any person, real or legal, for the commission of a
ny crime; provided, however, that this Section shall not affect the public or sealed nature of any documents filed with the courts in any action or proceeding.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 (2) the personnel file of any employee of the government without his consent, exc
ept that relevant material in said file shall be open to inspection after a final decision has been rendered in any tribunal which may have jurisdiction over the subject matter in the file. All information regarding salary, and the name, age, and mail add
ress of each employee shall be public.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 (3) Tax returns and tax records (except for real property tax records and returns which shall be public).}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 (4) Police Blotters, accident reports, daily activity logs, and similar information not restricted by Subsection (a) of this Section sh}{
\insrsid7494437 all be available to the public.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 5 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  10104 (1993).}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [24]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab A plain reading of this statute demonstrates that no limitations are placed on the names of those delinquent on their loan payments.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 CONCLUSION}{\b\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437\charrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [25]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab The Sunshine Act applies completely and without exception to GEDA.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 As an official body of the territory of Guam, its written acts and or records are public writings under 5 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  10102 (c) (1).}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Based on the foregoing, the trial court}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
s grant of summary judgment is hereby }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 AFFIRMED.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 ALBERTO C.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 LAMORENA, III\tab \tab \tab }{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 PETER C.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 SIGUENZA}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Associate Justice\tab \tab \tab \tab }{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Associate Justice}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 CRUZ, CJ: DISSENTING}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 :}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [26]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab The majority has found that GEDA is an official body of the territory of Guam, and therefore GEDA}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
s written acts and records are public writings subject to 5 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  10102 (c) (1) (1993)}{
\cs15\super\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \qj \li360\ri360\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin360\lin360\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\f37\super\insrsid9838545 \chftn }{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 
 Section 10102 (c) (1) states that }{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 public writings}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f36\fs20}}}{\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545  are:
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li360\ri360\sa240\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin360\lin360\itap0 {\f37\fs20\insrsid9838545 
the written acts or records of the acts of the sovereign authority, of the official bodies and tribunals, and of public officers or employees, legislative, judicial and executive, of the territory of Guam}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 of the Sunshine Act of 1987.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 I do not agree with this finding and dissent.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 I.}{\b\insrsid7494437  }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 GEDA IS NOT AN INSTRUMENTALITY OF THE GOVERNMENT}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [27]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab 
To support their decision, the majority distinguishes a previous decision rendered by this Court which on its face declares that GEDA is not a government entity or instrumentality.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 In }{
\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 GEDA and GVB v. Island Equipment Co., 1}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 998 Guam 7, this Court followed the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  reasoning in 
}{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Laguana v. Guam Visitor}{\i\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s Bureau}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 , 725 F.2d 519 (9th Cir. 1984), and }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Bord
allo v. Reyes}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 , 763 F.2d 1098 (9th Cir. 1985), and held that GEDA is not an instrumentality of the government.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The majority claims that the }{
\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Island Equipment}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  holding that GEDA is not an instrumentality of the government pertained only to the issue of sovereign immunity and is not applicable to this case.}{\insrsid7494437  

\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [28]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab The majority}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s interpretation of }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Island Equipment}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  is incorrect.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Island Equipment}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  held unequivocally that GEDA is not an instrumentality or entity of the government.}{\insrsid7494437  }
{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 GEDA and GVB v. Island Equipment Co., Inc.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 , 1998 Guam 7, }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  7 and 9.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Bordallo}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  decision, upon which we relied in }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Island Equipment}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 , stood for the general proposition that the Guam Visitor}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s Bureau (GVB) was not an instrumentality of the government.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Bordallo}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 decision did not limit this finding and likewise our decision in }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Island Equipment}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  is not limited to the issue of sovereign immunity only.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [29]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab The Sunshine Act defines agency as:}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
any authority of the government and includes a department, institution, board, bureau, commission, council, committee of territorial government, branch, autonomous instrumentality, or other public entity of the government of Guam, whether or not it is wi
thin or subject to review by another agency.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 5 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  10102 (a) (1994).}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Because this Court has already held that GEDA is not entity or instrumentality of the government, GEDA does not fit within the Sunshine Act}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
s definition of agency and should not be subject to the Sunshine Act.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [30]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab Adding support to the position that GEDA is not an instrumentality of the government is the fact that GEDA}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
s enabling statute does not expressly designate it as an instrumentality of the government.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 This statute provides:}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
[t]here is hereby created a public corporation to be known as Guam Economic Development Authority (hereinafter referred to as the Corporation), with functions, powers and responsibilities as hereinafter provided.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 12 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  50101 (1994).}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 This Court in}{\insrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Island Equipment}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 recognized this when we extended the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  decisions in }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Laguana}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  and }{
\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Bordallo }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 (Guam Visitor}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s Bureau was not an instrumentality of the government) to GEDA.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Bordallo}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  decision is particularly enlightening.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
[I]n creating certain public corporations, such as the Guam Airport Authority, the Guam Telephone Authority, the Guam Power Authority, and the Port Authority of Guam, }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 the Legislatu
re had expressly designated each as a public corporation and as an instrumentality of the government.}{\b\insrsid7494437  }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
The Legislature also chartered other public corporations which were not designated as instrumentalities of the government. ...[B]ecause the Legislature h
ad expressly designated four public corporations as instrumentalities of the government, it did not intend the same characterization to apply to other public corporations, not so designated}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 .}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Consequently, ...[GVB] was not a governmental entity since it had not bee}{\insrsid7494437 n expressly designated as such.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Bordallo}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  763 F.2d at 1103 (emphasis added).}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [31]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab A review of the current relevant statutes shows that the same situation exists today.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
The Guam International Airport Authority (12 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  1102 (1996)), Guam Telephone Authority (12 GCA }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  7103(1996)), Guam Power Authority (12 GCA 8103(1996)), and Port Authority of Guam (12 GCA }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 10102 (1996)) are still expressly designated as public corporations }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
and}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  instrumentalities of the government.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
On the other hand, in addition to GVB and GEDA, other public corporations without express designations as instrumentalities of the government include the}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Public Defender Service Corporation (12 GCA }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  11103 (1996)), Guam Educational Telecommunications Corporation (12 GCA }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  3102 (1993), and Guam Mass Transit Authority (12 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  6201 (1996)).}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
The Legislature continues to designate some public corporations as instrumentalities of the government and continues to omit such designations for other public corporations.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Therefore, the finding in }{
\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Bordallo}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  still holds true, }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
[the Legislature] did not intend the same characterization to apply to other public corporations, not so designated.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  }{\i\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 Id.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  at 1103.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 II.}{\b\insrsid7494437  }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 THE SUNSHINE ACT DOES NOT APPLY TO PUBLIC CORPORATIONS}{\insrsid7494437 

\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [32]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab GEDA is an expressly designated public corporation.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
12 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  50101.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The Sunshine Act}{
\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s definition of agency (quoted above) does not include }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 public corporation.}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 5 GCA }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  10102 (a).}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
Therefore, GEDA should not be subject to the Sunshine Act if the act}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s plain meaning is interpreted.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The Sunshine Act}{
\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s definition of agency, and omission of public corporation therefrom, is ignored by the majority in their finding that GEDA is an official body of the territory.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [33]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab To support their position, the majority cite the Government Claims Act, 5 GCA Chapter 6.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
The majority argue that GEDA is subject to the Government Claims Act because it is a public corporation which indicates that it is also an }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 official body of the territory of Guam}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 subject to the Sunshine Act.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 This leap of logic is untenable.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
The Sunshine Act does not expressly cover public corporations, whereas the Government Claims Act does expressly cover public corporations.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
Had the Legislature wanted public corporations to be covered by the Sunshine Act it would have expressly included them in the Act, just as the Legislature expressly included them in the Government Claims Act. }{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [34]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab The majority also find support in GEDA}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s own enabling statute, in particular 12 GCA }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  50103 (k).}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
This section, they argue, is evidence that the Legislature, at least in limited respects, considered GEDA to be an instrumentality of the government.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
However, most critical is the limiting language within this section:}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [f]or purposes of this Subsection}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 , }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 agencies and instrumentalities of the Government}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 include but are not limited to such public corporations as the Guam Economic Development Authority.... }{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 12 GCA }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437  50103 (k) (emphasis added).}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The majority recognized the Legislature}{\insrsid16545260\charrsid7494437 '}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 s }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 conscious intent}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
 to limit this description of GEDA to this particular subsection and nevertheless claim that this section is evidence of Legislative intent to consider GEDA an agency or instrumentality of the government.}{\insrsid7494437  }{
\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 The majority has relied upon nonexistent legislative intent to support its position that GEDA is an instrumentality of the government.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
Unlike the majority, I cannot avoid the plain meaning of this section and I do not find that it supports the contention that GEDA is an agency or instrumentality of the government for purposes of the Sunshine Act.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 III.}{\b\insrsid7494437  }{\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 CONCLUSION}{\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid7494437 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\b\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 [35]}{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 \tab Based upon the foregoing, I cannot join the majority.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
Although a general policy of disclosure may be in the public interest, we are bound by the relevant statutes and case law.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 
When such statutes and case law are facially unambiguous, they cannot be ignored.}{\insrsid7494437 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7494437 {\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 BENJAMIN J.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 F.}{\insrsid7494437  }{\insrsid9838545\charrsid7494437 CRUZ
\par Chief Justice
\par }}