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J. J. Moving Services, Inc. v. Sanko Bussan Co., Ltd, 1998 Guam 19, Opinion}{\insrsid13584276 \tab Page }{\field{\*\fldinst {\insrsid13584276 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid342524 11}}}{\insrsid13584276  of 17
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF GUAM}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
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\par }\pard \qj \fi-5040\li5040\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 J. J. MOVING SERVICES, INC.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 ,\tab \tab \tab )}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Supreme Court Case No. }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 CVA96-013}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
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CV2012-93}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
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\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
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\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 __________________________________________)}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Filed: September 14, 1998
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Cite as: }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 1998 Guam 19}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Appeal from the Superior Court of Guam
\par Argued and Submitted on August 19, 1997
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Appearing for the Plaintiff-Appellee:
\par David J. Highsmith, Esquire
\par Highsmith & O}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Mallan, P.C.
\par 134 Chalan Santo Papa, Suite 204
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam 96910
\par 
\par Appearing for Defendant-Appellant:
\par Sandra D. Lynch, Esquire
\par Carbullido, Bordallo & Brooks
\par Suite 101, C & A Building
\par 251 Martyr Street
\par Hag\'e5t\'f1a, Guam 96910}{\insrsid13584276 
\par }{\insrsid7219865\charrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 BEFORE: PETER C. SIGUENZA, Chief Justice, JANET HEALY WEEKS, and EDUARDO A. CALVO, Associate Justices.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 SIGUENZA, C.J.:
\par }{\insrsid7219865\charrsid7219865 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [1]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab Sanko Bussan Co. Ltd. (}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 ) appeals the trial court}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s ruling denying its motion for a new trial.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
As part of the appeal, Sanko also challenges the}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 unfavorable jury verdict awarding $90,547.00 to J. J. Moving Services, Inc. (}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 JJ Moving}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 ).}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Based on the record and the applicable law, this court denies the relief sought and hereby affirms both the verdict and the subsequent order denying the motion for a new trial.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865\charrsid7219865 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [2]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab JJ Moving initiated a suit against Sanko for breach of contract and an account stated.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
This suit was based on a written contract between the parties in which JJ Moving was to unload fish from incoming tuna boats.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Afterwards, JJ Moving was to sort, grade, count, and box the incoming fish.}
{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Finally, JJ Moving would then transport the tuna from dockside to the airport.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The tuna eventually was flown to various destinations in Japan.}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 JJ Moving, in its complaint, asserted that Sanko wrongfully terminated this contract. Sanko responded to the complaint by asserting, as an affirmative defense, the agreement was a bailment contract.}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 In particular, Sanko defended its termination of the contract by arguing JJ Moving had not been able to account for all the goods entrusted to it.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Thus,}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Sanko maintained it properly and legitimately terminated the agreement as result of JJ Moving}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 contractual breach. }{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [3]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab This case eventually went to trial and concluded on July 8, 1996 when the jury returned a verdict of approximately $90,547.00 in favor of JJ Moving.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Sanko later moved for a new trial basing its motion on several grounds.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 First, Sanko charged that irregularities occurred at the jury view when John Mesa, th
e owner and president of JJ Moving, talked to the jury during a jury view.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 This conversation was allegedly not known to Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s counsel until after the verdict was rendered.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Sanko also asserted a new trial was 
warranted because improper hearsay was admitted into evidence and resulted in prejudice to its case.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Finally, Sanko maintained both the facts and the law supported a bailment situation.}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 When the jury did not make such a finding, the verdict was not in accordance with the law or evidence. }{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [4]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab The trial court rejected these arguments and denied the}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 motion.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
During the time period after the verdict and before this appeal, Sanko posted a bond of $30,000.00 in order to stay the proceedings.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The trial court
 heard argument and, consequently, released the posted bond as partial payment and stayed the balance of the judgment pending this appeal.}{\b\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [5]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab Sanko filed a timely Notice of Appeal.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 After submission of Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 brief, JJ Moving moved to dismiss the appeal for an insufficient record.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The court declined ruling on the motion at that time and left resolution to this panel because the adequacy of the record was so intertwined with the legal issues at hand.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\b\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 ANALYSIS}{\b\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 I.}{\b\i\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\i\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [6]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab 
Several threshold issues concerning the record must be addressed before the merits of this appeal can be considered.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
The court must initially decide whether the language of the Notice of Appeal limits our review only to the denial of Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s Motion for a New Trial and consequently, precludes consideration of the issues surrounding the trial itself.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Similarly, we must also determine if Sanko has placed a record before this court that would allow adequate review of the issues.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
In particular, we refer to the evidentiary issues surrounding both the bailment contract and the admission of alleged hearsay.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 We must also examine the effect of Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s failure to designate as part of the record the actual Motion for a New Trial and the accompanying authorities.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Thus, whether the transcripts submitted into the record will allows us to properly review this matter is properly questioned by JJ Moving. }{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [7]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab Generally, an order denying a motion for a new trial is not an appealable order.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Serzysko v. Chase Manhattan Bank, }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 461 F.2d 699, 701}{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 (2}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 nd}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1972).}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The appeal instead should be taken from a final judgment and the motion reviewed as part of such appeal.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Id.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
However, when irregularities in the form of the notice of appeal are present, appellate courts have the discretion to disregard the errors and construe the notice in a manner allowing review.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Rabin v. Cohen}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 570 F.2d 864, 866 (9}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 th}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1978).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 A defect will not be fatal as
 long as the intent to appeal from a specific judgment can be fairly inferred from the notice and the other party is not misled or prejudiced. }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Taylor v. U.S.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 848 F.2d 715, 717-718 (6
}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 th}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1988).}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [8]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab We conclude Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s notice of appeal, although inept, can be construed as an appeal from the final judgment.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The intent to appeal from the final judgment can be inferred from the timely-filed notice.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 In addition, Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s opening brief addresses issues raised at the hearing on the motion for a new trial and necessarily includes an examination of the trial itself.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Finally, we find no showing that JJ Moving was either misled by the notice or suffered actual prejudice from it.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [9]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab  As to the adequacy of the record, Rule 7 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure for the Supreme Court of Guam states, in relevant part, the following: }{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Within ten (10) days after filing the notice of appeal, the Appellant shall order 
in writing from the Clerk of the Superior Court a transcript of such parts of the proceedings not already on file as he deems necessary for inclusion in the record. . . . }{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 If the appellant intends to urge on appeal that a finding or conclusion is unsuppor
ted by the evidence or is contrary to the evidence, he shall include in the record a transcript of all evidence relevant to such finding or conclusion.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
If errors of law are raised by appellant, all relevant sections of the record shall be transcribed. . . . }{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 GRAP 7(b)(1) & (2).}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [10]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab The above rule makes clear that appellant, in any given case, has the responsibility of}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
ordering the appropriate transcripts of the proceedings at issue.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 This means the appellant must place into the record all evidence, good 
and bad, material to the point he wishes to raise and necessary for the determination of the issues presented on appeal.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 See Chernack v. Radlo}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 331 F.2d 170, 171 (1}
{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 st}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1964); }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 see also Muniz Ramirez v. Puerto Rico Fire Services}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 757 F.2d 1357 (1}{
\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 st}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1985).}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [11]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab The record before this court permits us, barely, to address most Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s issues.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Under different circumstances, we would likely deem the entire record inadequate due to an incomplete transcript.}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 In the specific instances where error is alleged based on the weight of the evidence, the adequacy of the record is central to the issues}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  resolution.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Consequently, we address the record}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s adequacy in context of the merits of these specific issues.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [12]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab Finally, we will review issues raised at the motion for a new trial although the document was never included as part of Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s Designation of Record.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Notwithstanding its absence, Sanko included both the transcripts of the applicable hearing and the order denying the motion into the record.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 While we will not expand the record and consider docum
ents not so designated, we can and will review the submitted transcripts surrounding the motion.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [13]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab As a final comment about the record, Rule 7 of the Guam Rules of Appellate Procedure also states in pertinent part: }{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Unless a transcript of the entire p
roceeding below is ordered by Appellant . . . he shall file and serve on the appellee a description of the parts of the transcript which he intends to include in the record and a statement of the issues he intends to present on appeal.}{\insrsid7219865 

\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 GRAP 7(b)(3).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Sanko does not dispute that it failed to notify JJ Moving of the limited transcript ordered on appeal.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Although there is no prejudice as a result of such inaction, we remind appellant that failure to comply with the mandates of our rules will limit, generally, the issues this court may hear.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 We expect full compliance with our procedural rules and complete disclosures, whether favorable or unfavorable, of the relevant events surrounding issues before us.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Full compliance and complete disclosure are necessary standards which allow parties to adequately brief issues and give full and meaningful input to this court.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 II.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [14]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab The trial court}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s decision denying a motion for a new trial is reviewed for an abuse of discretion. }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Larson v. Neimi}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 9 F.3d 1397, 1398 (9}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 th}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1993).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Because the trial judge has the advantage of close observation of the jurors and intimate familiarity with the issues at trial, substantial weight is given to the court}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s appraisal of the prejudicial effects of extraneous information. }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 United States v. Cheyenne}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
, 855 F.2d 566, 568 (8}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 th}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1988).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Thus, before reversing a lower court}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s decision, we must first have a definite and firm conviction the trial court committed clear error of judgment in its conclusion.}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Santos v. Carney, }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 1997 Guam 4, }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  4}{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 ; People v. Tuncap, }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 1998 Guam 13, }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 38 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  12.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [15]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab Sanko charges error because the trial court failed to find prejudice as a result of comments made to the jury by a party witness.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Sanko describes the witness}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  comments during a jury view as both }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 unauthorized}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  and }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
extraneous.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Sanko also believe
s the nature of these communications,, raises a serious question of fairness about the verdict.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
These unauthorized communications, it is argued, created a presumption of prejudice rebuttal only by a strong contrary showing by JJ Moving.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 This did not occu
r and, consequently, Sanko concludes that a new trial should have been granted.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 We disagree.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [16]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab First, Sanko mischaracterizes the comments made to the jury by the party witness.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Communications or contact with a jury will give rise to a presumption of prejudice }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
if not made in pursuance to known rules of the court and the instructions and directions of the court made during the trial, with full knowledge of the parties.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Remmer v. U.S.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
, 347 U.S. 227, 229, 74 S.Ct. 450, 451 (1954)(remanding the matter because prejudice had not been determined after an attempt to bribe a juror by unknown caller).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Private commu
nications, possibly prejudicial, between jurors and third persons, or witnesses, or the officer in charge, are absolutely forbidden, and invalidate the verdict, at least unless their harmlessness is made to appear.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Mattox v. U.S.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
, 146 U.S. 140, 150, 13 S.Ct. 50, 53 (1892)(finding prejudice after jury exposed to facts and newspaper articles outside the record).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
The type of communication or conduct which will give rise to questions of tampering, improper influencing, or other jury misconduct are, essentially, contacts unauthorized by the court not made during a court proceeding.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 See Rinker v. County of Napa}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 724 F.2d 1352, 1354 (9}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 th}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
 Cir. 1983)(communicating with a juror during deliberations by a party to the case);}{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  see}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 also U.S. v. Armstrong}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
, 654 F.2d 1328, 1332 (9}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 th}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1981)(harassing calls to member of the jury not related to the merits of the case). }{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [17]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab In spite of Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s}
{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 assertions, we are not convinced the statements made by John Mesa to the jury were, in any fashion, improper.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
The record indicates a jury view occurred on the docks of Cabras Island.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The court opened the proceedings by announcing the case, location, and the presence of counsel.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 John Mesa was then placed before the jury and told to explain both the process before him and the differences, if any, from his operation three years prior. Transcript at 3 (Jury View, July 2, 1996).}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 At no time during the jury view was he ever told to stop testifying about the process going on before him.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Objections to the content of his statements were never raised, nor did Sanko ever move to strike his testimony.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Our review also indicates the trial court never halted the proceeding to go off the record.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Finally, n
othing in the record shows either the trial judge or counsel were away from the witness or that he was otherwise left unattended. }{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [18]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab An improper, unauthorized communication did not occur at the jury view.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The testimony was properly place
d before the jury by a known witness.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The communications were made under the supervision and direction of the court with full knowledge of counsel for both parties.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Moreover, it is apparent counsel for Sanko knew the witness was addressing the jury in a broad fashion and his testimony was not limited to simply labeling equipment or pointing out functions of the workers.}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 First, on the day after the jury view, Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s counsel specifically inquired about the comments John Mesa made at the jury view.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The following dialogue took place in court:}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \fi-1440\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Ms. Lynch: \tab Before the jury comes in, how are we going to handle integrating the transcript into this proceeding?}{
\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \fi-1440\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The Court:\tab It just will be part of the record of what happened yesterday.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \fi-1440\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Ms. Lynch:\tab Okay, because there were comments from Mr. Mesa.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \fi-1440\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The Court:\tab Right; and then you can work on that today, too.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Transcript at 2 (July 3, 1996).}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Both direct and cross examinations that followed then focused on the differences between the operations, the confusion of the process, and the different numbering systems.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [19]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab Because improper communications with the jury did not occur, the issue before the court changes.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
We must decide whether John Mesa}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s testimony is admissible.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 If not admissible, we must also decide whether the error requires a new trial.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [20]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab The simple answer is yes, the testimony was properly admitted.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
It is undisputed that an issue before the jury was the alleged breach of contractual duties occurring during the unloading, sorting, boxing, and transporting stages of the operation.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
The testimony of John Mesa relates directly to these specific stages of the operation.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 At the jury view, counsel for JJ Moving, without objection,}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
directed the witness to }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 explain the process that}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s going on here, and then how -- If this differs from what happened three years ago, explain the differences.}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Transcript at 3 (Jury View, July 2, 1996).}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 This is what the witness testified to. }{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [21]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab Even were we to assume the testimony inadmissible, our review would be limited.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Rule 61 of the Guam Rules of Civil Procedure mandates the court to disregard errors and defects which do not affect the substantial rights of the parties.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Pursuant to GRC
P 61, if a party claiming error fails to demonstrate the prejudicial effect of the admitted evidence, then the error will be deemed harmless.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Coughlin v. Capitol Cement Co.,}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  571 F.2d 290, 306-307 (5}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 th}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1978).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Moreover, the burden imposed by the stand
ard cannot be met if the party fails to object to the admission of evidence.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Anderson v. Swift and Co.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 380 F.2d 988, 990 (6}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
th}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1967).}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [22]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab If an error occurred in the admissibility of the testimony, the error would be deemed harmless.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 First, Sank
o never raised an objection when the testimony was given.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Although Appellant asserts that Mesa improperly testified while unattended, we must again emphasize that he was never instructed to stop testifying.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The court did not halt the proceeding or otherw
ise go off the record.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 We will not reverse the trial court}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s decision because counsel either missed the testimony entirely or was just inattentive and failed to make a timely objection.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [23]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab We also cannot ascertain the prejudicial effect of the statements.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
When the court directly questioned Sanko about the effect on the verdict, counsel}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s speculative response was}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [i]t could have.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Transcript at 3 (September 20, 1996).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Later, Sanko could only further speculate on what may have been said and the unknown effect on the jury. Transcript at 4 (September 20, 1996). }{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [24]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab As a final note, even if the testimony in question could be characterized in a manner that would raise an issue of jury irregularity, Sanko would not prevail.}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Although a presumption of prejudice may arise, }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Remmer}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 347 U.S. at 229, 74 S.Ct. at 451, if the harmlessness
 of the contact could be made to appear, then the verdict will be sustained.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Id.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [25]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab The limited record before us shows the alleged prejudice suffered by Sanko was apparently corrected during the trial.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
At the hearing for a new trial, Sanko argued that the comments during the jury view prejudiced its case when Mesa compared his previous operation to the current system then observed.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
More specifically, counsel stated, }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 . . . it bolstered his case and it prejudiced my client}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s case because there is no evidence that . . . that operation was identical.}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Transcript at 4 (September 20, 1996).}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 However, Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s counsel later informed the jury that the operations were different.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Transcript at 4 (September 20, 1996).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Moreover, the in court testimony on the following day focused on the differences between the two operations.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Thus, we are confident any alleged prejudice suffered by Sanko was relieved.}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Further, it appears Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s counsel encouraged John Mesa to do more than describe the scene and label the equipment before him.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Specifically, during the jury view, Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s counsel instructed Mr. Mesa to address the jurors and direct them to move and view the scene from a different position.}{
\cs15\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid13584276 \chftn }{\fs20\insrsid13584276 
Specifically, the following dialogue took place:
\par }\pard \ql \fi-1440\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin2160\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid13584276 MS. LYNCH:\tab Tell the jurors that they can walk down there and see from that end.
\par MR. MESA:\tab Oh, Okay.  What I}{\fs20\insrsid13584276 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 10}{\fldrslt\f169\fs20}}}{\fs20\insrsid13584276 m looking at is --
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid13584276 (Jurors are moved closer to demonstration.)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid13584276 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0 {\fs20\insrsid13584276 Transcript at 3 (Jury View, July 2, 1996).
\par }}}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The function of the witness is not to direct the jury in this fashion.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
To instruct him to do so was error and we will not reward a party encouraging and engaging in the type of conduct it now alleges to be improper.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 III.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [26]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab 
We next address the issue of whether the trial court erred by failing to grant a new trial or judgment notwithstanding the verdict because the verdict was not in accordance with the law or evidence presented.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Sanko argues a new trial should have been granted because the contract at issue was one for bailment of goods.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Sanko maintains it presented evidence to support this characterization and, according to bailment jurisprudence, the burden shifted to JJ Moving to rebut the presumption it was negligent in accounting for the fish.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 JJ Moving failed, Sanko further contends, to present the necessary evidence required to meet its burden of rebuttal.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Thus a new trial is required.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 With this contention in mind, we review the trial court}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s decision for an abuse of discretion.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Ahern v. Scholz}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 85 F.3d 774, 780 (1}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 st}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1996).
}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [27]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab As a preliminary matter surroundin
g this particular issue, the record presented by appellant does not show Sanko moving for a judgment notwithstanding the verdict pursuant to Guam}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 R. Civ. P. 50(b).}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Nor does the limited record indicate whether Sanko earlier requested a directed verdict under the same provision.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Consequently, we will not consider Sanko}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s references or passing arguments to the court}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s failure to grant a judgment notwithstanding the verdict.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Instead, we review the issues in the context of the motion for a new trial only. }{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [28]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab Whether a new trial is warranted requires the court to examine all evidence presented to the jury and make a determination that the evidence was not 
sufficient to support the verdict.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Such evidentiary issues will almost always require a careful examination of the entire trial transcript.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Like a trial judge hearing the motion, this court, before disturbing a verdict, must find the jury}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s decision to have been against the clear weight, overwhelming weight, or great weight of the evidence.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Goldsmith v. Diamond Shamrock Corp.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 767 F.2d 411, 416 (8}{
\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 th}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1985); }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 see also}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Phillips v. Ceribo}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , Civ. No. 83-0053A, 1984 WL 48862 at *1 (D. Guam App. Div. April 16, 1984)(citations omitted).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
This criteria suggests a trial judge should not displace a verdict because he or she disagrees with the jury}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s conclusion.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The wrong must be extreme in order for a judge to invade the jury}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s function.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Likewise, our review of a decision denying a new trial is cautious.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The trial judge is in the best position to observe the trial and evaluate the evidence along with the credibility of the witnesses. }{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [29]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab In light of the above standards, an evaluation of the evidence presented at trial cannot be conducted as to this particular issue.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Sanko fails to provide this court with the necessary trial transcripts to determine if the trial court properly evaluated the evidence.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Although asserting a bailment contract was proven by competent evidence, nothing in the record supports}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 this contention.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Similarly, Sanko argues JJ Moving presented no evidence rebutting the presumption of negligence.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 This is mere argument on Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s part.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Complete transcripts are not before the court permitting us to confirm whether JJ Moving failed in this regard.}{\cs15\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\sa240\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs15\super\insrsid13584276 \chftn }{\insrsid13584276  }{\fs20\insrsid13584276 This opinion should 
not be read to affirm the substantive law surrounding bailment contracts. The circumstances of this case do not require an analysis of this law and we do not undertake such a review. }}}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Consequently, we accept the trial court}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s implicit conclusion that the verdict was not against the weight of the evidence.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 IV.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [30]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab The court must next decide whether impermissible hearsay was introduced at trial.}{\b\i\insrsid7219865  
}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Essentially, Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s argument centers on two distinct but related issues.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 First, as part of Mr. Mesa}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}
{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s testimony surrounding the contract formation, he was improperly allowed to discuss statements made by Sanko representatives.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Thus, Sanko asserts prejudicial hearsay was improperly admitted and affected the jury}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s verdict.}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Appellant also contends the trial court erred by failing to allow the rebuttal testimony of Mr. Umazume, the president of Sanko, as to his interpretation of the contract.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 This testimony, Sanko argues, would have addressed the actual negotiations between the parties.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [31]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab With these issues in mind, we review evidentiary rulings for an abuse of discretion and we will not reverse absent prejudice affecting the verdict.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Masson v. New Yorker Magazine, Inc.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 85 F.3d 1394, 1400 (9}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 th}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1996).}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [32]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab Guam defines hearsay as }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 a statement, other than one made by the declarant while testifying at the trial or hearing, offered in evidence to prove the truth of the matter asserted.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 6 GCA }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  801(c) (1994).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 It is inadmissible unless it falls into a known exception.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 6 GCA }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  802 (1994).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Conversely, Guam law also expressly provides for statements that are not hearsay.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 This specifically includes admissions made by party opponents. 6 GCA }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  801(d)(2).}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [33]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab In order to be deemed a party opponent admission, a statement must be offered against the opponent party.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 6 GCA }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  801(d)(2).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
The statute is clear the statement itself does not necessarily need to be personal to the party.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The admission may be }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 a statement by a person authorized by him [the party] to make a statement concerning the subject}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  or }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
a statement by his [the party}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s] agent or servant concerning a matter within the scope of his agency 
or employment, made during the existence of the relationship.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 6 GCA }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  801(d)(2)(C)&(D).}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [34]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab The record indicates John Mesa made reference to conversations between himself and Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s employees.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Under a plain reading of the statute, the statements were offered against Sanko, the party opponent.}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 In addition, the statements were made by Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s agents acting within the scope of employment by negotiation and entering into the contract.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
We find no merit whatsoever in the suggestion that the individual who actually negotiated and signed the contract on Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s behalf acted outside the scope of his authority when he made statements now considered to be unfavorable to Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s legal position.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 We agree the statements were not hearsay and we find no error by their admission.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [35]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab As to Mr. Umazume}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s testimony, the record does not support a showing his testimony was completely excluded.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Our review indicates counsel for JJ Moving objected several times to questions posed to this witness.}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 In the only instance where the trial court sustained Appellee}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s objection to a question addressing the contract, it was a result of an improper foundation.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Transcript at 15-16 (July 8, 1996).}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 After first stating Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s counsel was testifying, the court then instructed counsel to lay a foundation establishing the witness}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  ability to speak of the contract negotiations. Transcript at 15-16 (July 8, 1996).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 This was not done.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Sanko}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s counsel did not follow up and address the foundational issue.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Thus, Mr. Umazume was not absolutely precluded from testifying on this matter.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Under these circumstances, we find no error surrounding the trial court}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s decision as to Mr. Umazume}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s testimony.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Furthermore, the
 testimony of John Mesa is not made improper just because an opposing witness, arguably, was not allowed to testify.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [36]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab Finally, we note 6 GCA }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 103(a) (1993) states: }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
[e]rror may not be predicated upon a ruling which admits or excludes evidence unless a substantial right of the party is affected.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 If the ruling excludes evidence, the substance of the evidence must be made known to the court by offer [of proof] or was apparent from the context within which questions were asked.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 6 GCA }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 39 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  103(a)(2).}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [37]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab The record does not indicate an offer of proof was presented to the court.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Nor is it obvious, based on the context of the questions, what the substance of the evidence would have been.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 V.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [38]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab Finally, Sanko maintains the trial court
 erred by releasing the posted bond as partial satisfaction of the judgment.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Although moot in this case, the issue is capable of reoccurring and likewise, escaping review.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 As a result, we now address this issue.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }\pard \qj \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Rule 62(d) of the Guam Rules of Civil Procedure states:}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
When an appeal is taken, the appellant by giving a supersedeas bond may obtain an automatic stay subject to the exceptions contained in subdivision (a) of this rule. . . .}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 GRCP 62(d) entitles a party appealing a decision of the trial court to an automatic stay of a money judgment.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
American Mfrs. Mut. Ins. Co. v. American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc.}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 87 S.Ct. 1, 3 (1966)(memorandum granting application of a stay).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
This stay is a matter of right if the party posts a bond in accordance with the prescribed rules. }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Id.}{\i\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
While the bond is usually set at the full amount of the judgment, the trial court, in its discretion, may set the bond at a lesser amount. }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Dillon v. City of Chicago}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
, 866 F.2d 902, 904 (7}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 th}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1988).}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [39]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab 
The purpose of a supersedeas bond is to protect the prevailing plaintiff from the risk of a later uncollectible judgment and to compensate for delay in the entry of the final judgment. }{\i\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 N.L.R.B. v. Westphal}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 , 859 F.2d 818, 819 (9}{\super\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 th}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865  Cir. 1988).}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
Consequently, if the judgment is affirmed or the appeal dismissed, the bond may satisfy the judgment debt.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [40]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab We are convinced that the trial court abused its discretion by releasing the $30,000 bond.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 GRCP 62(d)
 was designed to give the non-prevailing party an opportunity to correct perceived errors occurring at the trial level, and, at the same time,}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 protect the prevailing party}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s financial interest in the award.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [41]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab We find nothing in the record indicating JJ Moving}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s financial interest was somehow placed in jeopardy.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 The bond was posted to specifically secure JJ Moving}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s interest.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 If there was a concern as to Sanko}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 s ability to collect on the judgment, then the court could have fixed the amount to cover the total judgment award.}{\insrsid7219865  }{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Instead, the court used its discretion to secure only a partial amount.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
The mere fact the total award was not secured by bond indicates to us, at the time when the amount was fixed, that the trial court was confident the award could later be collected.}{\insrsid7219865  
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [42]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab The release of the funds should have occurred after resolution of this appeal.}{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 However, because Sanko}{
\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 
s appeal has no merit, we therefore decline the suggested remedy of returning the $30,000.00 back to either Sanko or the Clerk of the Superior Court.}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 CONCLUSION}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 [43]}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 \tab Based on the foregoing, the order of the Superior Court denying the Motion for a New Trial is }{
\b\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 AFFIRMED}{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 .}{\insrsid7219865 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 JANET HEALY WEEKS\tab \tab \tab \tab }{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 EDUARDO A. CALVO
\par Associate Justice\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\insrsid7219865  }{\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 Associate Justice}{\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qj \fi-5760\li5760\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin5760\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid7219865 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7219865 {\insrsid13584276\charrsid7219865 PETER C. SIGUENZA
\par Chief Justice
\par }}