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\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8930878 \fs20\cf1\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\b\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10557853 LAWS OF THE }{
\b\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15942413\charrsid15942413 UNITED KINGDOM}{\b\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15942413 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15942413 
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\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 THE EVIDENCE ACT 1851
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8930878 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11815246\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11815246\charrsid9009286 (}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11815246\charrsid13653436 
14 & 15 Vict. c. 99)
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8930878 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11815246\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8930878 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9511179\charrsid13653436 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11815246\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8930878 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9511179\charrsid13653436 SECTION}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11815246 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9511179\charrsid13653436 2. Parties to be admissible witnesses
\par 3. Saving as to criminal proceedings
\par 5. Saving as to 7 Will. 4 and 1 Vict. c. 26
\par 6. Inspection, etc., of documents in common law courts
\par 7. Proof of foreign and colonial acts of state, judgments, etc.
\par 8. Proof of apothecaries\rquote  certificates
\par 9. Proof of documents in Ireland
\par 10. Proof of documents in England and Wales
\par 11. Proof of documents in the colonies
\par 13. Proof of previous conviction by certified copy of record
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9511179\charrsid13653436 
14. Examined or certified copies or extracts of public documents to be admissible in evidence
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8930878 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9511179\charrsid13653436 15. Penalty for falsely certifying documents
\par 16}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1510902\charrsid13653436 . Administration of oaths}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9511179\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1510902\charrsid13653436 18. Extent of Act
\par 19. Interpretation of \'93British Colony\'94
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9511179 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13046485 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 ------------------------------------------------------------
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8930878 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1510902\charrsid13653436 An Act to amend the Law of Evidenc}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 e
\par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1510902\charrsid13653436 [7}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\super\langnp2057\insrsid1510902\charrsid13653436 th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1510902\charrsid13653436  August 1851]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9511179\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1510902\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 The short title was given to th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1510902\charrsid13653436 is Act by the Short Titles Act 1896}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13653436 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Effect of Act.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  This Act is one of the most important of those relating to evidence. Ss. 2, 3 and 5, }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 , deal with the competency of parties as witnesses; s. 6, }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 , legalises the method}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 of obtaining inspection of documents; and ss. 7}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11815246\charrsid13653436 -}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 14, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
, facilitate the reception in evidence of various documents and their copies.
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri144\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Secondary evidence of a document, which had been lost, though admiss}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15821188 ible before this Act was passed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
, could only be produced by an "indifferent" witness, viz. not a party to the litigation as he was an interested person (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 Fisher v. Samuda}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485  (180}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12976880 8}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 ), 1 Camp. 190}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
, at pp. 192, 193). See, generally, as to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15821188  the competency of witnesses, 15}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
 Halsbury's Laws (3rd Edn.) 418, 419, and 22 Digest (Repl.) 331 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 et seq.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Evidence Acts 1806 to 1895}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid15888323 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
 For the Acts (including this Act) which may be cited together by this collective title, see the Introductory Note to the Witnesses Act 1806, p. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15888323 802}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 , }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 ante.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Northern Ireland}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . This Act applies.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13046485 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 _____________________________________
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid15888323 1.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13653436  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13046485 (}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13653436 Rep. by the S.L.R. Act }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid12976880 1875}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13046485 .)}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485\charrsid7609043 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 2. Parties to be admissible witnesses
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10953280 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 On the trial of any
 issue joined, or of any matter or question, or on any inquiry arising in any suit, action, or other proceeding in any court of justice, or before any person having by law, or by consent of parties, authority to hear, receive, and examine evidence, the pa
rties thereto, and the persons in whose behalf any such suit, action, or other proceeding may be brought or defended, shall, except as herein}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11815246\charrsid13653436 -}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 after excepted, be competent and compellab}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10953280 le to give evidence, either viv\'e2}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  voce or by deposition, according to the practice of the court, on behalf of either or any of the parties to the said suit, action, or other proceeding.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13653436 ______________________
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 NOTES
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13046485 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Competency of parties}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . See also the Evidence Further Amendment Act 1869, ss. 2 and 3, p. 846, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 post}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 ; and see, generally,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485  15 Halsbury's Laws (3rd Edn.) 118, 419.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 Compellable.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  For exceptions, see s. 3, }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 , and 15 Halsbury's Laws (3rd Edn.) 419, 420. Note the Parliamentary Commissioner Act }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 967, s. 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12976880 1}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 (2), Vol. 6, p. 829.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Husbands and wives of parties}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . It was decided in }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Staplet}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13653436 on v.}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12976880  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Crofts}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  (1552), 18 Q.B. 367, that this section did not by implication make hu}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 sbands and wives of parties com}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 petent witnesses in civil cases; but see now the Evidence Amendment Act 1853, s. 1, p. 822, }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 ; and see also the note "Competency of parties" to the Evidence Act 1}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12976880 8}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 43, s. 1, p. 812, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 ante.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13653436 _______________________
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 3. Saving as to criminal proceedings
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 But nothing herein contained shall render any person who in any criminal proceeding is charged with the commission of any indictable offenc
e, or any offence punishable on summary conviction, competent or compellable to give evidence for or against himself or herself, or shall render any person compellable to answer any question tending to criminate himself or herself, or shall in any crimina
l proceeding render any husband competent or compellable to give evidence for or against his wife, or any wife competent or compellable to give evidence for or against her husband.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13653436 _____________________
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 NOTES
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13046485 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Criminal proceeding}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . See the note "Criminal proceedings" to the Criminal Evidence Act 1965, s. 1, p. 908, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 post.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Competency of accused and their husbands and wives.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
 The effect of this section has been considerably narrowed by the Criminal Evidence Act 1898, which enacts by s. 1, p. 865, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 post}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 , that (subject as therein }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 provided) every person charged w}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 ith an offence and the spouse of such person shall be a competent witness for the defence, and by s. 4, p. 869, }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid12976880 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 , that the spouse of any person charged with an offence under any enactment mentioned in the 
Schedule to that Act, p. 870, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
, may be called as a witness for the prosecution or defence without the consent of the person charged.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Competency of prosecutor}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
. A prosecutor was at all times a competent witness unless he was certain to reap some financia
l benefit as a result of securing a conviction; and in some cases, even though he would reap some such benefit, he was allowed to give evidence on the grounds of public policy. He was not a party to the litigation as the prosecution is in the name and on 
behalf of the Crown.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Persons jointly charged}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
. This section, in prohibiting a person from giving evidence for or against himself, did }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13653436 not by implication enable him to}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  give evidence for a person charged with him (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 R. v. Payne}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  (1872), L.R. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12976880 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  C.C.R. 349). But he
 may now do so under the Criminal Evidence Act 1898, s. 1, p. 865, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
. As to when the prosecution may call one of two persons jointly charged, see the note "Persons jointly charged" to that section.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Incriminating questions}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . An accused person giving evide
nce under the Criminal Evidence Act 1898, s. 1, p. 865, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
, may be compelled to answer a question incriminating him as to the offence charged, but (subject to certain exceptions) may not be asked a question incriminating him as to any other offence; see provisos }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid10699923 (e)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  and }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid10699923 (f)}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  to that section.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Witnesses other than accused}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
. In certain cases a witness in civil or bankruptcy proceedings may now be compelled to answer incriminating questions}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10699923 ; see the Bankruptcy Act 1914, s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10699923 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11815246\charrsid13653436  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10699923 
15 and 166, Vol. 3, pp. 53, 159,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10699923 d the Theft Act 1968, s. 31}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 (1), Vol. 8, p. 802.
\par Where a witness is not so compellable, he will in practice usually be warned by the Court that he need not answer if an answer may clearly tend to incriminate him. Otherwise he must himself claim the privilege of refusing to answer (}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 Thomas v. Newton}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  (1827), 2 C. & P. 6}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 0}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 6) and can do so only after being sworn (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10699923 Boyl}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
e v. Wiseman}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  (1855), }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10699923 10}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
 Exch. 647). He may do so at any time thereafter (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 R. v. Garbett}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  (1847}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 ), 2 Car. & }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10699923 K}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 ir. 474).}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par After doubts had arisen, as a result of earlier decisions, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 as to whether a witness's state}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
ment that an answer would incriminate him in itself entitled him to refuse, it was finally decided that the court must see that there are reasonable grounds for apprehending a real and appreciable dange
r to the witness before he may be excused from answering (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 R. v. Boyes}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  (1861), 1 B. & S. 311; [1861}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 -7}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 3] All E.R. Rep. 172).
\par See, generally, the cases cited in 22 Digest (Repl.) 391 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13046485 et seq.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13653436 _________________________
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid10699923 4.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
(Rep. by the Evidence Further Amendment Act }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid10699923 1869}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 , }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485\charrsid13046485 s. }
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485\charrsid10699923 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 .)
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8930878\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 5. Saving as to 7 Will. 4 and 1 Vict. c. 26
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Nothing herein contained shall repeal any provision contained in the Wills Act, 1837.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13046485\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 ____________________________
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 NOTE
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Wills Act 1837}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . See Vol. 39, title Wills.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 ____________________________
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 6. Inspection, etc., of documents in common law courts
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Whenever any action or other legal proceeding shall henceforth be pending in any of the superior courts of common law at Westminster or Dublin, . . . such court .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10518087  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10518087  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
. may .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10518087  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10518087  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . on application made for suc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10518087 h purpose by either of the liti}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 gants, compel the opposite party to allow the part}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 y}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
 making the application to inspect all documents in the custod}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 y or under the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  con}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 rol of such opposite party relating to such action or other legal proceeding, and, if n
ecessary, to take examined copies of the same, or to procure the same to be duly stamped, in all cases in which previous to the passing of this Act a discovery might have been obtained by filing a bill or by any other proceeding in a court of equity at th
e instance of the party so making application as aforesaid to the said court .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10518087  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10518087  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10518087\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 ___________________________
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 NOTES
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 The words omitted were repealed by the S.L.R. Act 1892.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Former practice}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . Before the enactment of this section, it was in general necessary 
for a party to common law proceedings who sought discovery of documents in possession of the other party to file a bill in equity for the purpose. But for some time before this Act, a practice had grown up by which the courts of common law would order the
 discovery of a document by one party to the other if the party holding it could be deemed to hold it as trustee for both parties (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Price v. Harrison}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436  (1860}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 ), 8 C.B.N.S. 617).
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Effect of section}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . This section supplemented, but did not abolish, the former commo
n law jurisdiction to order discovery (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16188087 Blu}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 ck v. Gompertz}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  (1851), 7 Exch. 67; see also }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Shadwell v. Shadwell}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  (1859), 6 C.B.N.S. 679; }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Hunt v. Hewit}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16188087\charrsid16188087  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 (1852), 7 Exch. 236).
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Modern practice}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . For the modern practice as to discovery and inspection of documents, se
e R.S.C. Ord. 24. For cases, see 18 Digest (Repl.) 5 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 et seq.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Superior courts of common law at Westminster or Dublin}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
. See the note "Superior courts at Westminster" to the Evidence Act 1845, s. 2, p. 814, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 ante}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
, and the note "Superior Courts at Dublin" to the Attendance of Witnesses Act 1854, s. 1, p. 824, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 _______________________________}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 7. Proof of foreign an}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16188087 d}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 
 colonial acts of state, judgments, etc.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 All proclamations, treaties, and other acts of state of any foreign state or of any British col}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 o}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 ny, and all judgments, decrees, orders,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 
and other judicial proceedings of any court of justice in any foreign state or in any British c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 olony, and all affidavits, plead}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 ings, and other legal documents filed or deposited in any such court, may be proved in any court of justice, or before any person hav}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 ing by law or by consent of par}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 i}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 
es authority to hear, receive, and examine evidence, either by examined copies or by copies authenticated as herein-after mentioned; that is to say, if the document sought to be proved b
e a proclamation, treaty, or other act of state, the authenticated copy to be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436  admissible in evidence must purport }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562\charrsid13653436 
 be sealed with the seal of the foreign state or British colony to which the original document belongs; and if the document sought to be pro
ved be a judgment, decree, order, or other judicial proceeding of any foreign or colonial court, or an affidavit, pleading, or other legal document filed or deposited in any such court, the authenticated copy to be admissible in evidence must purport eith
er to be sealed with the seal of the foreign or colonial c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 
ourt to which the original document belongs, or, in the event of such court having no seal, to be signed by the judge, or, if there be more than one judge, by any one of the judges of the said court;
 and such judge shall attach to his signature a statement in writing on the said copy }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15094382 the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 court whereof he is a judge}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 
 has no seal; but if any of the aforesaid authenticated copies shall purport to be sealed or signed as herein-before respectively dire
cted, the same shall respectively be admitted in evidence in every case in which the original document could have been received in evidence, without any proof of the seal where a seal is necessary, or of the signature and statement are necessary, or of th
e judicial character of the person appearing to have made such signature and statement.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14374562 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 ______________________________
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 NOTES
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 Acts }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 o}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 f state}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 . This phrase has been so widely construed as to include a Belgian pate}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 nt (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 R}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 e Bett\rquote s Patent}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436  (1862), 1 Moo. P.C.C.N.S. 49).
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 British colony}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 . For me}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 ning, see s. 19, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid7609043 post.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 Examined copy}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 . An}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436  exam}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 
ed copy is one of which a person can swear either that he has compared it with the original or that he has checked it while the origin}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10695879 al was being read over to him. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 The examiner must have read the whole of the document (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 Nelthrop v. Johnson}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10695879  (1650), Clay. 142. p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5995952 l}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 . 259), and be able to understand it (}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 Crawford and Lindsay Peerages}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436  (1848), 2 H.L. Cas. 534, at p. 544).
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 Extension of section}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 . This section and s. 11, }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid10695879 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 , may be applied by O
rder in Council to any foreign country in which Her Majesty has jurisdiction as if that country were a British possession; see the Foreign Jurisdiction Act 1890, s. 5 and Sch. 1, Vol. 4, pp. 508, 513}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4674335\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 Further enactments}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 . See as to the proof of Commonwealth
 statutes, the Evidence (Colonial Statutes) Act 1907, p. 871, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid7609043 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 
; as to the proof and effect of foreign and Commonwealth registers and certain official certificates, the Evidence (Foreign, Dominion and Colonial Documents) Act 1933, p. 875, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid7609043 post}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 ; and, as to the registration of foreign judgments in the High Court, the Foreign Judgments (Reciprocal Enforcement) Act 1933, Vol. 6, p. 365.
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10695879 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 Cases under this section}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 . See }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 R. v. Beadon}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 
 (1933), 24 Cr. App. Rep. 59 (Photostat copy of document); and see as to the proof of judicial documents, 22 Digest (Repl.) 623 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid7609043 et seq.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 , and, as to proof of Commonwealth statut}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 es, 22 Digest (Repl.) 626, 627.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10695879 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 _____________________________
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 8. Proof of apothecaries\rquote  certificates}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3881018 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10695879\charrsid10695879 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3881018\charrsid13653436 E}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 very certificate of the qualification of an apothecary which shall purport }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10695879 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 
o be under the common seal of the Society of the Art and Mystery of Apothecaries of the City of London shall be received in evidence in any court of justice, and before any person having by law or by consent of parties authority to hear,
 receive, and examine evidence, without any proof of the said seal or of the authenticity of the said certificate, and shall be deemed sufficient proof that the person named therein has been from the dat}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3881018\charrsid13653436 e of the said certificate duly q}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 ualified to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3881018\charrsid13653436 
 practice as an apothecary in any part of England or Wales.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3881018\charrsid13653436 9. Proof of documents in I}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 reland
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10695879 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 Every document which by any law now in force or hereafter to be in force is or shall be admissible in evidence of any particular in any court of justice in England or Wale
s without proof of the seal or stamp or signature authenticating the same, or of the judicial or official character of the person appe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 ring to have signed the same, shall be admitted in evidence to the same}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10695879  extent and for the same purposes in any court of 
justice in Ireland, or before any person having in Ireland by law or by consent of parties authority to hear, receive and examine evidence, without proof of the seal or stamp or signature authenticating the same, or of the judicial}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436  or official character of the person appearing to have signed the same.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10955324\charrsid13653436 __________________________________
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 NOTES
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Admissible ... without proof of seal}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . As to what documents are admitted without such proof, see s. 7, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid10557853 ante}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5995952  and the Evidence Act 1845, s. 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 , p. 813, }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 ante.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\tx3024\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Republic of Ireland}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . As to the effect of the establishment of what is now the Republic of Ireland, see the Irish Free State (Consequential Adaptation of Enactments) Order 1923, S.R. & }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10557853 O}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . 1923 No. 405.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 ___________________________________
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 10. Proof of documents in England and Wales
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
Every document which by any law now in force or hereafter to be in force is or shall be admissible in evidence of any particular in any court of justice in Ireland, without proof of the seal or stamp or signature authenticating the same, or 
of the judicial or official character of the person appearing to have signed the same, shall be admitted in evidence to the same extent and for the same purposes in any court of justice in England or Wales, or before any person having in England or Wales 
by law or by consent of parties authority to hear, receive, and examine evidence, without proof of the seal or stamp or signature authenticating the same, or of the judicial or official character of the person appearing to have signed the same.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 _____________________________________
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 NOTE
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 Republic of Ireland. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 See the note to s. 9, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 ante.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 _____________________________________
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 11. Proof of documents in the colonies
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Every document which by any law now in force or hereafter to be in force is or shall be admissib
le in evidence of any particular in any court of justice in England or Wales or Ireland without proof of the seal or stamp or signature authenticating the same, or of the judicial or official character of the person appearing to have signed the same, shal
l
 be admitted in evidence to the same extent and for the same purposes in any court of justice of any of the British colonies, or before any person having in any of such colonies by law or by consent of parties authority to hear, receive, and examine evide
nce, without proof of the seal or stamp or signature authenticating the same, or of the judicial or official character of the person appearing to have signed the same.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 ____________________________________}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 NOTES
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 This section was repealed as to British India}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436  by the S.L.R. Act 1875.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 Admissible ... without proof of}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  seal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 
. See the note to s. 9, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid7609043 an}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid7609043 te.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 British colonies}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . For meaning of "Br}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
itish colony", see s. 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11824951 9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 , }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid7609043 post.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Extension of section}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . See the note to s. 7, }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 ante.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Republic of Ireland}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . See the note to s. 9, }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 ante.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 ____________________________________
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid9921149 12.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Rep. by the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 S.L.R. Act }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid11824951 1875}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 .)
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 13. Proof of previous conviction by certified copy of record
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11824951 . . . }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Whenever in any proceeding whatever it may be necessary to prove the trial and conviction or acquittal of any pe
rson charged with any indictable offence, it shall not be necessary to produce the record of the conviction or acquittal of such person, or a copy thereof; but it shall be sufficient that it be certified or purport to be certified under the hand of the cl
er}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11824951 k}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
 of the court or other officer having the custody of the records of the court where such conviction or acquittal took place, or by the deputy of such clerk or other officer, that the paper produced is a copy of the record of the indictment, trial, convic
tion, and judgment or acquittal, as the case may be, omitting the formal parts thereof.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 _________________________________
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 NOTES
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 The words omitted were repealed by the S.L.R. Act 1892.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 General Note}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . This section applies to civil and criminal proceedings (}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 Richardson v. Willis}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
 (1872), L.R. 8 Exch. 69). Production of a certified copy together with evidence of identity is sufficient proof (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 R. v. Drabble}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  (1909), 53 Sol. Jo. 449).
\par The method devised by this Act for facilitating the proof of convictions is now rar
ely used, the other methods being found more convenient. It seems that the record must be drawn (this is not now usually done) and a copy of it, omitting the formal parts, made before a conviction can be proved under this section.
\par The evidence of a person present at the trial is not sufficient to prove the conviction (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 Mash v. Darley}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 , [1914]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  3 K.B. 1226, C.A.).
\par Alternative methods of proving convictions are provided by the Criminal Procedure Act 1865, s. 6, p. 839, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid11144295 post}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 , and the Prevention of Crimes Act 1871
, s. 18, Vol. 8, p. 199. The Criminal Justice Act 1948, s. 39, Vol. 8, p. 360, provides for proof of previous conviction by means of finger prints. See also as to proof of proceed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11144295 
ings in magistrates' courts, th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 e Magistrates' Courts Rules 1968, S.I. 1968 No. 1920, r. 56.
\par See, further, as to proof of conviction, 14 Digest (Re}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11144295 p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 l.) 577 }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 et seq.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid11144295 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
 and as to the admissibility of convictions in evidence, 22 Digest (Repl.) 274 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 et seq.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 _________________________________
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 14. Examined or certified copies or extracts of public documents to be admissible in evidence
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
Whenever any book or other document is of such a public nature as to be admissible in evidence on its mere production from the proper custody, and no Statute exists which renders its contents provable by means
 of a copy, any copy thereof or extract therefrom shall be admissible in evidence in any court of justice, or before any person now or hereafter having by law or by consent of parties authority to hear, receive, and examine evidence, provided it be proved
 to be an examined copy or extract, or provided it purport to be signed and certified as a true copy or extract by the officer to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043  whose custody the original is e}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 ntrusted, and which officer is hereby required to furnish such certified copy or extract to any 
person applying at a reasonable time for the same, upon payment of a reasonable sum for the same, not exceeding fourpence for every folio of ninety words.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 ___________________________________
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 NOTES
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Document of a public nature}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . See the note "Public document" to the Evidence Act 1845, s. 1, p. 813, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 ante.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  See also, as to proving Court Rolls, the Law of Propert}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 y}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid854676 
 Act 1922, s. 144, Vol. 7, p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . 97.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Examined copy.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  See the note to s. 7, }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 ante.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par See, generally, as to examined copies, the cases cited in 22 Digest (Repl.) 25}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 0}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 et seq}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid7609043 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid854676 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Certified as a true copy}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . See, generally, as to cer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
tified copies, 22 Digest (Repl.)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 53 }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 et seq.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 ___________________________________
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 15. Penalty for falsely certifying documents
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid854676 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 If any officer authorized or required by this Act to furnish any
 certified copies or extracts shall wilfully certify any document as being a true copy or extract, knowing that the same is not a true copy or extract, as the case may be, he shall be guilty of a misdemeano}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 u}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 r, and be liable, upon conviction, to imprisonment for any term not exceeding eighteen months.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 16. Administration of oaths
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6320279 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Every court, judge, justice, officer, commissioner, arbitrator, or other person, now or hereafter having by law or by consent of parties authority to hear, receive, and examine evi
dence, is hereby empowered to administer an oath to all such witnesses as are legally called before them respectively.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 _________________________________
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 NOTES
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Former law}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . Before this Act was passed, a person giving false evidence before an arbitrator could not be convicted of perjury, as an arbitrator had no authority to administer an oath (}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 R. v. Hallett }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 (1851), 2 Den. 237).
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 Oath}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . This includes affirmation (Interpretation Act 1889, s. 3, V}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 ol}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6320279 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  32, title Statutes).}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid13653436 _________________________________
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid10557853 17.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 (Rep. by the Forgery Act }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid6320279 1913}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 , s. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid6320279 2}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6320279\charrsid6320279 0}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043  and Schedule, Part I ; see now that Act, Vol. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid6320279 8}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 , }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6320279 p}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 . }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid6320279 257.}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 )}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 18. Extent of Act
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 This Act shall not extend to Scotland.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 19. Interpretation of "British Colony"
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 The words "British Colony" as used in this Act shall apply .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6320279  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6320279  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . 
to the islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10557853 n}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
, and to all other possessions of the British Crown, wheresoever and whatsoever.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid13653436 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 ________________________________
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 NOTES
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 This section so far as it relates to British India was repealed by the S.L.
R. Act 1875. The words omitted were repealed by the S.L.R. Act 1892.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 Possessions of the British Crown, etc.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
 Cf. the note "Her Majesty's dominions" to the Evidence by Commission Act 1859, s. 1, p. 829, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 post}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 
; but note the first note above.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670897\charrsid13653436 ______________________________
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 20}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid13653436 . }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 (Rep. by the S.L.R. Act }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid10295887 1875}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295\charrsid7609043 .)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10436295 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7609043 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043 -------------------------------------------------------}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7609043\charrsid13653436 
\par }}