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\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
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{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0
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{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1449281360\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li2625\lin2625 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4
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\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid857503 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid857503 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 [APPELLATE JURISDICTION]
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6365279\charrsid2649401 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 RIMINAL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6365279\charrsid2649401 
 PETITION NO}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 . C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 V }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4815065\charrsid2649401 002}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 4 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 of 202}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 
\par [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 Court of Appeal No. AA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid16270918\charrsid2649401 U }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4815065\charrsid2649401 44}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401  of 201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4815065\charrsid2649401 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 ]
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx2127\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 BETWEEN:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8616677\charrsid2649401 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4815065\charrsid2649401 KATOKAITI TUTARA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 Petitioner
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx2070\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8616677\charrsid2649401 :
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4815065\charrsid2649401 THE STATE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 \rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\ai\af39\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid2649401 Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af39\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid16270918\charrsid2649401 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid16270918\charrsid2649401 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri-846\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin-846\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 Coram}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8616677\charrsid2649401 :  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1665115\charrsid2649401 The Hon. Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 Anthony Gates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7342938\charrsid2649401 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16270918\charrsid2649401  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1665115\charrsid2649401 of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri-705\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin-705\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8616677\charrsid2649401   }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 The Hon. Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4815065\charrsid2649401 Terence Arnold}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 , Judge of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8616677\charrsid2649401   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4815065\charrsid2649401 
The Hon. Justice Lowell Goddard, Judge of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4815065\charrsid2649401 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8616677\charrsid2649401 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12218186\charrsid2649401  in person}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8616677\charrsid2649401  : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14235653\charrsid2649401 Mr. T. Tuenuku }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 for the Respondent
\par 
\par Date of Hearing: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4815065\charrsid2649401 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401  August}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401  2024 
\par Date of Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8616677\charrsid2649401 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8867843\charrsid2649401 29 August}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401  2024
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1710451\charrsid2649401 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3867139 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12278136 Gates, J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1710451 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11216531 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15490775 Introduction
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15490775\charrsid15490775 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4527497\charrsid4527497 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [1]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-630\li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid2122174\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4527497\charrsid4527497 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4527497 petitioner is before the Court petitioning only against his sentence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5059552 
He claims the total sent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15406120 ence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11303513 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15406120  16}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5059552  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3222513 years imprisonment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12872391  on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15406120 each of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5059552  five counts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10449769 of rape committed on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13197653  two of his biological granddaughters was outside of the tariff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14162694 . He }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13637694 claims}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14162694  it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13197653  was a sentence that was harsh and excessive. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2711812 
The non-parole period ordered was 15 years. All sentences }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14162694 were to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2711812 be served concurrently. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13197653 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid2711812\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2711812 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11410011 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [2]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-630\li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid2122174\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11410011 Originally he had filed for appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1180356 before the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11410011 against conviction only. This }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5834233 appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3882085 had been filed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11410011 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15624580 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11410011 
thin time. He filed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1180356  separately}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11410011  an appeal against sentence on 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11410011\charrsid11410011 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11410011  of January 2017. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7299651 This was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3882085 out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7299651  of time by 1 year 2 months. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15624580  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214826 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-630\li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx927\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid2122174\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2122174 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15139078 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15139078 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [3]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-630\li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid2122174\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15139078 The Full C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9926453 
ourt in its judgment on 29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid9926453\charrsid9926453 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9926453  of September 2022 set out what th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12216066 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9926453 n happened }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12216066 procedurally}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9926453 :}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15139078 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4197790\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs4\insrsid9926453\charrsid4197790 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid11360815 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid11360815\charrsid11360815 \'93[7]\tab \'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid11360815\charrsid11360815 
Thereafter, the appellant had tendered three abandonment notices in Form 3 in respect of his conviction and sentence appeals on 19 March 2019, 02 July 2019 and 11 July 2019. However, in May
 2019 he had changed his mind and wanted to proceed with his appeal. Again in October 2019 he had stated that he would proceed against his conviction appeal. R Vananalagi & Associates had filed an application for extension of time in respect of the appell
ant\rquote s sentence appeal along with submissions. Thereafter, the Legal Aid Commission had taken over the appellant\rquote 
s appeal and indicated to this court on 22 June 2020 that the appellant would proceed only against sentence and abandon the conviction appeal and
 tendered written submission only on the issue of enlargement of time to appeal against sentence. The state had responded only on the sentence appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid11360815 \'94
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs2\cf1\insrsid2914422\charrsid2914422 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7019634 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [4]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7019634 Because the petitioner had abandoned his appeal against con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13043958 viction in the Court of Appeal which therefore ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4270102 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13043958  dismissed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12215871 
 that part of his appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13043958 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7019634 this Court has no jurisdiction to entertain }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13043958 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7019634  petition against conviction. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11360815 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid14884594 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14884594 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11418395 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [5]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid1341197 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11418395 
At the High Court trial the petitioner faced five counts of rape contrary to Section 207 (1) and (2) (a) of the Crimes Act. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14884594 Two counts were in reference to victim A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid5468128 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14884594  and three in reference to victim B.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16280279  At the time of the offences the petitioner was 63 or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid1985203  64 years old. The girls were 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16280279  and 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1985203 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16280279  years old}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid2386383  respectively}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16280279 . The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13397707 mothers of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16280279 complainant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid590232 s were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16280279  his daughters. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid590232 offences took place on Rabi Island}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13655041 , a rural area within 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid590232 the Northern Division}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2511008 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2511008\charrsid2831531 and the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid2831531\charrsid2831531  hearing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2511008\charrsid2831531 took place before the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10704952\charrsid2831531 Labasa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid2511008\charrsid2831531  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16136326\charrsid2831531 High}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2511008\charrsid2831531  Court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid590232\charrsid2831531  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13133677\charrsid2831531 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1341197 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12001836 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid13382522\charrsid13382522 Facts
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid13382522\charrsid7960484 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6178181 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [6]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid1341197 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6178181 
The parties lived in village}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12386342 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6178181  on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3483282 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6178181 island. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5861539 In her evidence A }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5861539\charrsid12386342 said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5861539  she s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10237637 
ometimes stayed with her mother and sometimes with her grandfather, the petitioner. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1776959 In 2013 she had been staying with her grandfather. On the 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\super\insrsid1776959\charrsid1776959 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1776959  of July 2013 she was sleeping when the petitioner came and told her to get some firewood.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12001836 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid8944271 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1776959 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2238391 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [7]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2238391 Once outside}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11670081 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid2238391  the petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3544925 cut her trousers with his cane knife. She had been wearing a skirt and shorts. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3308304 
He laid her down, throwing her shorts to the bush. Because he was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10036012 holding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3308304  a knife she was scared. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15628676 
She was told not to shout or scream and not to be scared. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16528138 He }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16675377 took}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16528138  off his pants}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid81931 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16528138  and laying on top of her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid81931 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16528138  put his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid1131627 penis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16528138  into her vagina. She }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1131627 felt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16528138  pain in her vagina and thighs. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1776959 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8944271\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14029058 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14029058 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [8]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14029058 
She told him she was in pain. When noises were heard coming up the road he told her to stand up. She said she was in pain, explaining why she could not do so. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4261538 He insisted that she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8068898 should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4261538 stand up or he would kill her with the cane knife. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid739798 She said she was really in pain but he told her to bear it. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14029058 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid739798\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid739798 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15892233 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [9]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15892233 
On the next occasion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6830706 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15892233  24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\super\insrsid15892233\charrsid15892233 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid15892233  January 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6830706 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15892233  the petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4354500 told her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid15892233  to come with him to get some root crop (papai). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10508051 He asked her if she had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7234220 had her menstruation. She said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4726964 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15886490 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7234220 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4726964 .\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2624563  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4726964 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7234220 e said he wanted to check, and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2624563  took off her pants. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13454538 
Again she was afraid. He told her not to tell others.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3761619  He spoke to her in a harsh tone. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5704874 She was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12680280 s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5704874 cared. He laid her down beside the root crop in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4075523 plantation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5704874 
. He took off his pants and she saw his penis. He went on top of her inserting his penis into her. She told him she was in pain. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14964070 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8944271\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14964070 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14964070 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [10]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14964070 
She said he spoke using, \'93his heavy tone.\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1652773 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14964070 he \'93was afraid of grandpa, that is Tutara.\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8014014 
She did not consent to his trea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5641552 tme}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8014014 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5641552 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8014014 
 of her, nor did she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8523376 complain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8014014  to anyone. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5641552 He had told her not to tell anyone }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid659894 about the incident}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10880468 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid659894  and in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2916109 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid659894 ourt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10880468 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid659894  she said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10880468 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid659894  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10880468 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid659894 I am afraid of him.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10880468 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid659894  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid16744269 Later she complained to the police. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5641552  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13454538  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7234220  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid11997506 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11997506\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11997506 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11997506 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [11]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11997506 
Complainant B gave her evidence in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10290628 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11997506 ourt when aged 15 years. She had been 13 at the time of the offence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid3230011 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11997506 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10906978 Sometimes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3230011  she stayed with her aunt in Uma Village, at other times with her }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10906978 grandfather}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3230011  in T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid276326 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3230011 pian Village. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid739798 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8944271\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4523305 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4523305 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [12]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4523305 On 12}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\super\insrsid4523305\charrsid4523305 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4523305  of January 2013 the petitioner told her to come with him to the plantation. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7296382 
They cleaned up the plantation. Afterwards he cleared a space for him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10094131 self}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7296382  and B. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5799870 He }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13583059 pulled}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6965682  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13583059 her hand and told her to lie down. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2390566 She said \'93No.\'94
 He pushed her. She fell face down. He unbutton}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3945624 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2390566  his pants, and took them off. She was staring at him and was afraid. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid983277 He held the cane knife. He told her not to shout or he will kill her. He inserted his penis into her vagina which she said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12130031 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid983277 
very painful. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13578187 She was bleeding. Afterwards he told her to wear her trousers. She could not walk, but forced herself. She said her legs were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10298455 really}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13578187  weak. She was 13 years old at the time. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4523305 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4882381\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2699881 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2699881 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [13]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2699881 
There was a second time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2383277 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2699881  on 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\super\insrsid2699881\charrsid2699881 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid2699881  of January}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10094131  2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid70495 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10094131  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid70495 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7819689 gain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2699881  they went to the plantation. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1996212 The petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15225127 cleaned the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2699881  space for them. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10094131 He called her. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15225127 She said \'93No.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid12997597  H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15225127 e pushed her to the ground. He told her not to make any noise or he would kill her with the cane knife. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6950766 
He took off his clothes and laid on top of her. She could not move as he was heavy. He did the same to her as before. Then they went home. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11367885 She had a headache and her vagina was paining.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2699881 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4882381\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11367885 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11367885 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [14]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11367885 On }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2383277 a third}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11367885  occasion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11611008 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11367885  28}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\super\insrsid11367885\charrsid11367885 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11367885  of January 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11611008 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11367885  she was foldin
g clothes in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9183099 the petitioner\rquote s house. The grandmother was sick. Complainant B was told to look after her by her mother. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7157196 
Others had gone outside. This time the petitioner held a kitchen knife. She was inside one bedroom. She was pushed to a mattress on the floor. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16387377 He tied her mouth with a piece of cloth, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1517658 tied both her hands, and tied her ankles. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16711690 He }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7741451 did the same again to her. Her vagina was paining. There was pain }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1000428 to her thighs and stomach.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11367885 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4882381\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11797062 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13641978 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [15]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13641978 
The complainant B told the police about the three incidents of rape. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid487133 In cross-examination she had said that she could not run away }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12190952 
because he had a cane knife i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14837749 n his hand, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6387368 because there were bushes all around. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12190952 
Their home was far away from the plantation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11797062 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12190952\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12190952 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12190952 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [16]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12190952 
The petitioner gave sworn evidence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2243668 He did not call any witness. Hi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4002649 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2243668 
 evidence was that none of the events}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3431642 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2243668  as related by his granddaughters}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3431642 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2243668  ever happened. His case was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8735475 one of t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4002649 otal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2430657 denial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8735475 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12190952 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5387682 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid5387682 
\par Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8944271\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5387682 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16345996 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [17]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16345996 
This court is not a second Court of Appeal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6778169 Its }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16345996 power to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6778169  intervene is limited. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11213911 Even where an error or irregularit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid726573 y in the trial or in the reasoning}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11213911 
 of the Court of Appeal is discovered, this court must be satisfied there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16714599 exists}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11213911  (i) a question of \'93general legal importance\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13979523 ; or (ii) there is a \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3817144 substantial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13979523  question of principle affecting the administration of criminal justice\'94
; or (iii) substantial and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3817144 grave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13979523  injustice may otherwise occur.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3817144  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid9965520 If none of the above considerations are present there is no power to reverse the orders below. It is significant that considerations (ii) and (iii) both require the issue to be \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10774094 
substantial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9965520 .\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13979523  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5387682 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid16258649 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16258649 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10774094 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [18]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2914422 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10774094 It would appear therefore that no question of general legal importance is raised}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10733  here}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10774094  and neither is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11404505 anything}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10774094  of substance shown to }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11429439 permit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10774094  intervention on (ii) and (iii).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid7015435 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11614956 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11614956 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid11614956 Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid16136326 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid11614956 s sentencing comments}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid11614956\charrsid10774094 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid7015435 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11614956 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14811503 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [19]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid4488222 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14811503 On the day of sentence 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\super\insrsid14811503\charrsid14811503 rd}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14811503  of October 2015, his Lordship referred to the tariff for rape of juveniles in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid14811503 Raj v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6384483 
 [2014]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12931776  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6384483 FJSC 12; CAV0003.2014 (20 August 2014). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid30282 That case had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid6582862 accepted that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid30282  the tariff for that category of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12934366 rape to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6582862 be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12934366 a sentence between 10 \endash  16}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid938137  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid30282 years imprisonment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5318275 In 2018 }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid751605 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid15352304\charrsid5318275 Aitcheson v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid5318275\charrsid5318275  State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid5318275  [2018] FJSC29; CAV0012.2018 (2 November 2018)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4856918  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12850995 the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2759185  raised }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12850995 the tariff }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2759185 to 11 \endash  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid938137 20 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7348235 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9592091  It }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10563299 must always be remembered that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9592091 \'93
the actual sentence will depend on the mitigating and aggravating factors.\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2759185  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11614956 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4488222 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3167714 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid3167714 Grounds
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid3167714\charrsid3167714 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid938137 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [20]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid4488222 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid938137 
Orally before us, the petitioner said he had been sentenced to 12 years imprisonment (in fact, it was to 16 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10763884  imprisonment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid938137 
). Probably he has less than 7 years to serve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1455062  now}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid938137 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4930738 It had affected him he said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16136326 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4930738  mentally and physically. He }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8270699 asked for a lenient sentence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3167714 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12061789 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [21]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12061789 Only in one paragraph of his hand written petition }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid2695469 does he raise}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12061789  issues with his sentence. He said the sentence was outside }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid819069 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12061789 
the tariff for child rape 10 \endash  16 year}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16743506 s imprisonment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12061789 . That was not strictly accurate because his sentenc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid6448995 e was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2243556  one}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6448995  for 16 years concurrent on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12061789 each count.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid8270699 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid15162146 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15162146 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9765185 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [22]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid74270 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9765185 Since the petitioner is unrepresented}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6947327 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9765185  I will }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13131848 traverse issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16080040 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13131848 
 affecting the final sentence in this matter, most }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5049249 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4684170 ave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5049249  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13131848 already }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5049249 been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13131848 covered more than adequately in the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16080040 \rquote s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13131848  judgment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13399339 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6947327 se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13399339  concern}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6947327  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13399339 discounts for time spent on remand, double counting, and totality. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15162146 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid74270 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3877137 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid74270\charrsid74270 Discount for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid5143174 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid74270\charrsid74270 
time spent on remand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid74270 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid74270\charrsid74270 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5598212 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [23]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid4488222 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5598212 
The judge referred to the petitioner\rquote s time in custody on remand. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6947327 It was for approximately 1 year}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5598212  and 4 months. Having added }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4610831 5 years for aggravating factors to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6947327 selected }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4610831 start}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15349910 ing}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4610831  point on the tariff of 14 year}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9191043 s,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4610831  the judge deducted 1 year 4 months f
or the remand period. This left a balance of 17 years 8 months. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5975742 From that, for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3683545  not having offended over the previous}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid5975742  10 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9581304 , the judge deducted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7631293  a further}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9581304  1 year 8 months}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1053074 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9581304  leaving }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1053074 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9581304  bal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6907056 a}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9581304 nce of 16 years, the eventual sentence on each count. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3877137 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid1403971 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1403971 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13379070 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [24]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid4342806 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13379070 The complaint in the Court of Appeal was that the judge had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid6037590 subsumed the petitioner\rquote s period of remand in the mitigating factors. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1141269 argument }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6623155 being}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid1141269  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5380562 perhaps}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8399819 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1141269  the remand period should only be deducted after the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8399819 starting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1141269 place on the tariff has been selected, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2428283 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4461369 after }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2428283 the adjustments }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11287922 have been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2428283 made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15301966  f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2428283 or the aggravating and mitigating factors. Only then should the deduction for the remand time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14573200  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2428283 be made. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1141269  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1403971 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4342806 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13980881 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid6306274\charrsid6306274 Section 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid1588946 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid12615141 Mandatory or Discretionary?}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid6306274 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid12615141\charrsid6306274 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12615141 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [25]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid4488222 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12615141 
This issue was raised by the court below. Section 24 of the Sentencing and Penalties Act provides:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13980881 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid9009967 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\cf1\insrsid9009967\charrsid4197790 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3546406 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid3546406\charrsid3546406 Time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\insrsid3546406  in custody before trial to be deducted.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs8\cf1\insrsid15866929\charrsid15866929 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-630\li2070\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2070\itap0\pararsid9009967 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9009967\charrsid3546406 24. \tab 
If an offender is sentenced to a term of imprisonment, any period of time during which
 the offender was held in custody prior to the trial of the matter or matters shall, unless a court otherwise orders, be regarded by the court as a period of imprisonment already served by the offender.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid9009967 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9009967 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2300318 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [26]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid4488222 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2300318 The question of whether to \'93deduct\'94 the period spen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13512217 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2300318  on remand from the eventual sentence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7041554 to be imposed was he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2300318 ld to be}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7041554  discretionary and not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16334202 mandatory}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7041554 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2300318  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15602896 The word used in the section is \'93regarded\'94, as opposed to the section heading}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10109061 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7477382  \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13512217 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7477382 ime in custody }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7433193 before trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7477382 to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\ul\cf1\insrsid7477382\charrsid6949747 deducted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7477382 .\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6949747 Two Supreme Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1520262 decisions were}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6949747  referred to, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid6949747\charrsid6949747 Sowane v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6949747  [2016] FJSC 8; CAV0038.2018 (21 April 2016)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10104457  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid10104457 Tasova v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10104457  [2022] FJSC 30; CAV0012.2019 (25 August 2022).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid9009967 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid16277148 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16277148 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16277148 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [27]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid4488222 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16277148 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid16277148\charrsid16277148 Sowane}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16277148  this court had said:
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16277148\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs18\cf1\insrsid16277148\charrsid4197790 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-810\li2250\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2250\itap0\pararsid13246342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid13246342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid16277148\charrsid6125967 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6125967\charrsid6125967 [10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13246342\charrsid6125967 ] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13246342 However}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6125967\charrsid6125967  section 24 does not cast any burden on the Corrections }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13246342     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6125967\charrsid6125967 Department. The burden is cast upon the court. The provision is mandatory. For the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7999625  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6125967\charrsid6125967 shall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7999625  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6125967\charrsid6125967 
regard any period of time during which the offender has been held in custody prior to the trial of the matter or matters as a period of imprisonment already served by the offender, \'93unless a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7999625  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6125967\charrsid6125967 court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7999625  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6125967\charrsid6125967 otherwise orders.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16277148 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-806\li2332\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2332\itap0\pararsid9389736\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs44\cf1\insrsid9389736\charrsid15213477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15165139 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [28]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid4488222 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15165139 
It is likely that the parties did not rely on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9920739 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15165139  or cite to the court, the decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid15165139 
Vasuca v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15165139  [2015] FJCA 65; AAU011.2011 (28 May 2015).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15213477  In that sense Homer had indeed nodded. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid1408556 Vasuca}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15213477  Goundar JA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1408556 usefully }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11540904 
considered the meaning of the section and its problem areas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10844520 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11540904  for instance where there has been time spent in custody on more than one set of charges.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16277148 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid6497561 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6497561 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6497561 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [29]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid4488222 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6497561 His Lor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7229650 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid6497561 ship said at paragraph [14]:
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6497561\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6497561 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-90\li1620\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1620\itap0\pararsid13593855\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13593855\charrsid13593855 \'93In this jurisdiction, the practice has been discounting or subtracting the remand period instead of backdating the sentence. There is no exact formula on how the discoun
ting should be made. Some judges incorporate the discounting in the combined quantification for all the mitigating factors while some judges turn to give separate discounting for pre-trial detention. The length of the remand period may vary from case to c
ase, and in each case the discretion lies with the sentencing court to comply with section 24 of the Sentencing and Penalties Decree 2009.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7999625  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid13593855\charrsid13593855 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6497561\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid6497561\charrsid6497561 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15292773 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [30]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid4488222 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15292773 
In that sense the choice of the word \'93mandatory\'94 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid15292773 Sowane}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15292773  was over}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15220541 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15292773 simplistic. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3240170 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15220541 re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3240170  remains }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid5709733 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3240170 discretion for a judge not to deduct the time spent on remand. However, I am not aware of a sentence where this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14617456 discretion}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13135028  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3240170 has been exercised}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid751127 , nor have I had my attention drawn to any reasoning }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid2508493 as to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid751127  circumstances where it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2037379 ought }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15214280 rightfully}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid2037379  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14617456 to be exercised}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2037379 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1783448 
Goundar JA concluded there remained a conflict in the way the section i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2508493 s set out, with one part manda}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1783448 tory and the other discretionary. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6497561 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid6109647 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6109647 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7866722 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [31]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid4488222 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7866722 It is clear }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7675005 
the duty of the sentencing court is to have regard to the remand period and to make the necessary order. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid7675005 Sowane}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7675005  it was said at paragraph [14]:}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6109647 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7675005\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs12\cf1\insrsid7675005\charrsid16334989 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-90\li1620\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1620\itap0\pararsid7675005 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid7675005\charrsid7675005 \'93In doing so it is not necessary to make exact allowance for days or even weeks spent on remand. It depends upon its total significance. In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid7999625  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid7675005\charrsid7675005 Basa v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid7999625  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid7675005\charrsid7675005 
Crim. App. No. AAU0024.2005, 24 March 2006 the offender had spent 1 year 1 month and 14 days in custody awaiting trial. The judge had allowed of that period only 1 year to be deducted from his sentence. The court said:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\insrsid7675005 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid7675005\charrsid4197790 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li2074\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2074\itap0\pararsid7675005 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7675005\charrsid7675005 \'93... When calculating the appropriate sentence for any offence, the Judge should 
allow for any substantial period in custody but it is not necessary to make a precise calculation. The allowance of a year}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7675005  was a perfectly proper amount.\'94
\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7675005\charrsid7675005 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi90\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7675005\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid7675005\charrsid7675005 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid555081 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [32]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2182265 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid555081 
The way the sentencing judge gave credit for the time spent in custody in remand }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1249837 amongst}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid555081  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8007403 
mitigating factors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7484636 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8007403  and not at the end of the methodology}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7484636 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid8007403  could not amount to \'93acting upon a wrong principle,\'94 or an error of law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14161486  B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6902031 ut courts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid3413883  must be cautiou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6902031 s in case the inclusion with mitigating factors could result in unfairness and an excessive sentence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid2182265\charrsid2182265 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid2182265 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2182265 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2182265 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [33]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid4488222 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2182265 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid2182265 Sowane}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid2182265  it had been expressed this way at paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8718550 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2182265  [17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2822664  \endash  18]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2182265 :
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2182265\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs12\cf1\insrsid2182265\charrsid8718550 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-810\li2340\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2340\itap0\pararsid8718550 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid2182265\charrsid8718550 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid8718550\charrsid8718550 [17] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid8718550 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\insrsid8718550\charrsid8718550 Our attention was drawn to a recent High Court case, when the same issue came up:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid7999625  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid8718550\charrsid8718550 
State v. SBN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid7999625  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid8718550\charrsid8718550 
HAC 083/2010 11th April 2016. The learned judge, following the usual sentencing procedure, had arrived at the appropriate sentence. His lordship then went on to order the remaining period (after deduction of time spent on remand) that the offender must se
rve. The terms of the sentence were set out as follows:
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-630\li3510\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3510\itap0\pararsid8718550 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs18\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550\charrsid3213368 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550\charrsid8718550 \'9314. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550\charrsid8718550 
In the result, you are sentenced to an imprisonment term of 12 years with a non-parole period of 10 years. Considering the time spent in custody, the remaining period to be served is:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li2880\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid8718550 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs14\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550\charrsid6554874 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3213368    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550\charrsid8718550 Head Sentence \endash 
 05 years, 11 months and 26 days
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3213368   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550\charrsid8718550 Non-parole period \endash 
 03 years, 11 months and 26 days.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs18\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14187499\charrsid14187499 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-630\li2340\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2340\itap0\pararsid1138255 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550\charrsid8718550 [18] }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550\charrsid8718550 
This method has the advantages of simplicity and clarity, and makes order as to the actual minimum period to be served as part of the sentencing 
order of the court. The interpretation and calculation is not left to Corrections. We conclude this is the proper way to give effect to section 24.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550 \'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8718550\charrsid8718550 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16414209 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid2182265 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16414209 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid16414209 Starting point on tariff and double counting
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14942887 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid16414209\charrsid16414209 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12267198 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [34]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid16414209 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12267198 
The judge in his sentencing remarks had stated:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2182265 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid12267198 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid12267198\charrsid15274631 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-630\li2340\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2340\itap0\pararsid2753941 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid2753941 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2753941\charrsid2753941 6. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2753941  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2753941\charrsid2753941 On count no. 1, I start with 14 years imprisonment. I add 5 years for the aggravating factors, making a total of 19 years imprisonment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7999625  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2753941\charrsid2753941 I deduct 1 year 4 months for time already served, while remanded in custody,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7999625  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2753941\charrsid2753941 leaving a balance of 17 years 8 months. For
 not offending in the last 10 years, I deduct another 1 year 8 months, leaving a balance of 16 years imprisonment. On count no. 1, I sentenc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2753941 
e you to 16 years imprisonment.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12267198 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\cf1\insrsid2753941 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\cf1\insrsid2753941\charrsid2753941 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2558013 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [35]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid16414209 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2558013 His Lordship identified and set out what he considered to be the aggravating factors:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12267198 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid9835323 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid9835323\charrsid9835323 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-810\li2340\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2340\itap0\pararsid9835323 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid14711427  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\insrsid2558013\charrsid9835323 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid9835323\charrsid9835323 (i) \tab 
Breach of Trust. You were the complainants' grandfather. Their mothers were your biological daughters. At the time of the offences, they were 13 to 15 years old. As their grandfather, they look up to you for guidance an
d security. As their grandfather, you were supposed to look after them, and see that no-one harms them. However, you did the unthinkable. Instead of protecting them, you raped them. This was a serious breach of the trust they had in you.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid9835323 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs14\cf1\insrsid4733742\charrsid4733742 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-810\li2340\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2340\itap0\pararsid9835323 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14711427  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9835323  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9835323\charrsid9835323 (ii)\tab Rape of ch
ildren. This type of offending is becoming prevalent in our community. The courts had said so many times before that, it will not idly stand by and let children be treated in this way. It will step in and pass heavy sentences, as a warning to others, not 
to abuse children. As the courts had repeatedly said before, the children of this country are its future.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9835323 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs14\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4733742\charrsid9835323 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14711427  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9835323  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9835323\charrsid9835323 (iii) \tab The use of a cane knife to threaten the child complainants. During the offences, you continually used a cane knife and a kitchen knife to thr
eaten your granddaughters before raping them. You are really a coward by threatening children with knives. This is the lowest type of act a person could do to children.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9835323 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs14\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4733742\charrsid9835323 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6441708  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9835323  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9835323\charrsid9835323 (iv) \tab Use of a rope and cloth to subdue complainant No. 2 in count no. 5. You used a
 cloth to tie around the complainant's mouth to stop her from raising the alarm. Then you tied her wrists and ankles with a rope to stop her from resisting you. Then you raped her, while your wife was lying down sick in another room. You should not compla
in when you are given a heavy sentence to pay for your crimes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1973844 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9835323\charrsid9835323 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi360\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9835323 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs40\cf1\insrsid2558013\charrsid6697459 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6697459 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [36]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid16414209 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6697459 There w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6903157 as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid6697459  some doubt expressed in the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10373349 on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2709122 selection}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10373349 
 of the starting point on the tariff [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid2368536 Raj}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2368536  10 \endash  16 years; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid867409 Aitcheson}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid2368536  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2368536 11 \endash  20 years]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid867409 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14501202 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11300905 selection}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14501202  may have taken into account part of the aggravating factors listed, and should}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1136280  perhaps have}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14501202  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8808078 commenced lower down the scale. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2558013 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid6360875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6360875 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5257595 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [37]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid16414209 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5257595 Keith J in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid13059041\charrsid13059041 Senilolokula v State
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13059041  [2018] FJSC 5; CAV0017.2017 (26 April 2018) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4403202 urged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10160899 avoidance of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid6894584 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10160899 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6894584 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10160899 o }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6894584 mechanistic an}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10160899  approach. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5264521 Sentencing is an art, not a science and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9185616 doing it in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid10813944 way the judge d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14646740 id risks losing sight of the woo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10813944 d for the trees.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14646740 \'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10813944  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6360875 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5113218\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5113218 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5113218 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [38]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid16414209 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5113218 
There are advantages in picking a starting poi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10368941 nt from the lower or middle ran}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15626712 ge of the tariff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8402780  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid8402780 Koroivuki v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8402780  [2013] FJCA 15; AAU0018.2010 (5 March 2013)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11157766 , though}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15626712  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1071534 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15626712 ome judges prefer the lower end. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5113218 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10954746\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10954746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3870238 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [39]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid16414209 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3870238 In }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid3870238 Koroivuki}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11157766  Goundar J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3870238 A said:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10954746 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3870238\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs18\cf1\insrsid3870238\charrsid13517543 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid6764578 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid6764578\charrsid6764578 \'93[26]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid6764578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid6764578\charrsid6764578  The
 purpose of tariff in sentencing is to maintain uniformity in sentences. Uniformity in sentences is a reflection of equality before the law. Offender committing similar offences should know that punishments are even-handedly given in similar cases. When p
unishments are even-handedly given to the offenders, the public's confidence in the criminal justice system is maintained.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid6764578 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6764578\charrsid13517543 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6764578\charrsid6764578 [27] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6764578   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6764578\charrsid6764578 In selecting a starting point, the court must have regard to an objective seriousness of the offence. No reference should be m
ade to the mitigating and aggravating factors at this stage. As a matter of good practice, the starting point should be picked from the lower or middle range of the tariff. After adjusting for the mitigating and aggravating factors, the final term should 
fall within the tariff. If the final term falls either below or higher than the tariff, then the sentencing court should provide reasons why the sentence is outside the range.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6764578 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6764578\charrsid6764578 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15274631 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs10\cf1\insrsid15274631\charrsid817750 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5930826 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid13517543 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid15274631 Totality
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid5930826\charrsid13517543 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9131037 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs2\cf1\insrsid15274631\charrsid817750 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11938188 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [40]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid16414209 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11938188 
At the end of the day, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14296827 whichever methodology has been used, the sentencing judge, as also the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15540437 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4675569 
ppellate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14296827  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15540437 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14296827 ourt,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4675569  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid9579750 will stand back and consider whether the sentence is appropriate for the gravity and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14163808 circumstances}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9579750 
 of the crime taking all of the factors into account: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid7813917\charrsid13059041 Senilolokula}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid7813917  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7813917 at 
paragraph [22]:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3870238 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid7813917 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\cf1\insrsid7813917\charrsid4197790 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid7828532 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6887529\charrsid7828532 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid7828532\charrsid7828532 22.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7828532\charrsid7828532 The danger is twofold. The first is that you ignore the bigger picture. It would have been less objectionable if the judge had then stood back and asked himself whether 19 years
\rquote  imprisonment was the appropriate sentence subject to the defendant\rquote 
s personal mitigation, but he did not do that. The risk of passing too heavy a sentence would have been lessened had the judge stood back and asked himself whether the sentence he had in m
ind subject to personal mitigation fitted the crime. I shall return to that later on. The second danger in the judge\rquote 
s approach is that you run the risk of sentencing the offender twice over for the same thing. That is what happened here. There was a stron
g element of double counting, the most obvious example of that being the one which the Court of Appeal identified. Another is that opportunistically taking advantage of the girl\rquote s vulnerability was merely an aspect of the defendant\rquote 
s abuse of authority and his breach of trust. The danger of double counting would have been less if the judge had not assigned particular periods of imprisonment to each of the aggravating factors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7828532 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7828532\charrsid7828532 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7813917 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs32\cf1\insrsid7813917\charrsid16520411 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16659522 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [41]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid16414209 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16659522 The final sentence of 16 years }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11535172 
was correct for this case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7940388 It has been remarked on before by this court that t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11405296 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7940388 
o frequently sentences }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9317805 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7940388 handed down with one year}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8136610 \rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid7940388  difference }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13461595 in the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7940388  non-parole period, when 2 years would have been more purposeful }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid14707171 Ratu v }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid7940388 State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7940388  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7955196 2024] FJSC 10; CAV24.2022 (25 April 2024).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7940388  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid7940388 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7940388 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5177996 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [42]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid16414209 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5177996 In summary, this case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11535172 
involved a grandfather who had raped not one but two}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10297517 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11535172  of his biological granddaughters. He did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2429456 
so for over a period of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10297517 13 months}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2429456 . They were aged 13 and 15 years old. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid16659522  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5984875 It would have been obvious to him that what he did at the time caused them suffering, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9514732 bleeding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5984875  and weakening}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14959248  pain. He threaten}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9976166 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14959248  to kill them with his cane knife}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid987557 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9976166 In one instance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12650906  he used a kitchen knife and tied up the young girl by her hand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10968823 s
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12650906 , an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1980370 kles and by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3884777 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1980370 cloth to her mouth. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3884777 On any reckoning this was a s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10968823 hock}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9792704 ing abuse of two young girls in a village setting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10160156 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13920227  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13920227\charrsid11685217 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11685217 memory not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13920227\charrsid11685217 easily}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13920227  erased}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9792704 . Such discounts in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4285047  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11685217 sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10160156 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11685217  as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3962714  were proper}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid10160156 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3962714  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4285047 he had been accorded}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13920227 . But }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10160156 
stern }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13920227 de}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4285047 nunciation was a necessary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14157486 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9797270 
inevitable }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4285047 outcome.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14620162 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14620162 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14620162 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid14620162 Result
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\cf1\insrsid14620162\charrsid14620162 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14620162 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [43]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-634\li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid16414209 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14620162 No error of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9307703 principle or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid14157486  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14620162 of law has been established. The grounds fail, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid216651 and the appeal must be rejected.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7813917 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\qj \li634\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin634\itap0\pararsid216651 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid216651 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid216651 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 Arnold, J
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid216651 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid216651 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [44]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-630\li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid14703639\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 I have read the judgment of Gates J in draft and agree with his conclusions and orders. I take the opportunity, however, to reiterate two points that t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid216651 his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3505260 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651 ourt has made previously.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid14703639\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [45]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-630\li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid14703639\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 
The first is that any deduction for time served should be made at the end of the process, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10634561\charrsid216651 i.e.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 
 after identification of what would, without any deduction for time-served, be the appropriate head sentence and the appropriate minimum non-parole period: see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 
Sowane v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651\charrsid216651  [2016] FJSC 8 at para}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14840353 graph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 
s [17] - [18] and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 Ratu v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651\charrsid216651  [2024] FJSC 10 at para}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14840353 graphs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651\charrsid216651  [36] \endash  [38].}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14703639\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [46]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-630\li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid14703639\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 
The second is that, in principle, non-parole periods should be set so as to allow a sufficient gap between the non-parole period and the head sentence to encourage the possibility of rehabilitation: see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 Ratu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651\charrsid216651  (above) at para}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14840353 graphs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid216651\charrsid216651  [33] \endash  [35].  Particularly where there is a lengthy sentence, a gap of one year will rarely be sufficient. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14707171 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14707171\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14707171\charrsid14707171 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [47]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-630\li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid14703639\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216651\charrsid216651 
That said, I agree that at the end of the process, the court should consider whether, overall, the sentence is appropriate to the gravity and circumstances of the offence.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10227021 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14570031 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10227021\charrsid10227021 Goddard, J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10227021 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10227021\charrsid10227021 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10227021\charrsid10227021 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [48]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-630\li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid5202041\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10227021\charrsid10227021 I am in total agreement with the reasoning and conclusions of the learned Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10227021 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10227021\charrsid10227021 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10227021 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10227021\charrsid10227021 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid6192025\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
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\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7628259 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1402448\charrsid1402448 Orders of the Court:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8394076 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs16\ul\insrsid7628259\charrsid15545157 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid12074338\charrsid9138689 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls21\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid12074338 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\insrsid12074338\charrsid9138689 Special leave refused.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid12074338\charrsid9138689 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}Petition dismissed.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s24 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid12074338\charrsid9138689 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}Sentence of the High Court affirmed. 
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\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\b\f0\fs24\insrsid4462239\charrsid2649401 The Hon. Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\b\f0\fs24\insrsid15493767\charrsid2649401 Anthony Gates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\b\f0\fs24\insrsid15493767\charrsid2649401 The Hon. Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\b\f0\fs24\insrsid13901722\charrsid2649401 Terence Arnold}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs19\b\f0\fs24\insrsid15493767\charrsid2649401 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri-70\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin-70\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\f0\fs24\insrsid352299\charrsid2649401 JUDGE OF THE SUPREME COURT}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\f0\fs24\insrsid4462239\charrsid2649401 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid616174\charrsid2649401 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\b\f0\fs24\insrsid13901722\charrsid2649401 The Hon. Justice Lowell Goddard
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri-70\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin-70\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\f0\fs24\insrsid352299\charrsid2649401 JUDGE OF THE SUPREME COURT}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\f0\fs24\insrsid4536033\charrsid2649401 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2649401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2649401\charrsid2649401 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2649401\charrsid2649401 Solicitors:  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2649401\charrsid2649401         Petitioner in person
\par Office of the Director of Public Prosecution for the Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4536033\charrsid2649401 
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