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{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0
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\jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale120\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct
\asianbrkrule\rsidroot8485563\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit\utinl \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 2450}\ilfomacatclnup0{\*\ftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15405563 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1192598 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15405563 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1192598 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15405563 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1192598 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15405563 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1192598 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8723614\sftnbj {\footerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3886011  PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid11750876 16}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7541573 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7541573 
\par }}{\footerf \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3886011  PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13240071 1}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7541573 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7541573 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4286763 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2696740 CRIMINAL }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 
APPELLATE JURISDICTION]
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li284\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid4286763 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi436\li4168\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4168\itap0\pararsid4286763 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 Criminal Petition No. CAV}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13240071  0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 02}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2696740 2 }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 of 201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2696740 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li4604\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4604\itap0\pararsid14367851 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 [Criminal Appeal No. AAU00}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6649884 48}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071  of 201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6649884 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14367851  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 High Court of Fiji }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15795813 Criminal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6649884 Case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid13240071 No}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 . HAC }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11010290 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 49 of 2011]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx2127\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4286763 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9253799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx2127\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4286763 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4286763\charrsid4286763   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid4286763   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4286763\charrsid4286763   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 BETWEEN: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4286763\charrsid4286763 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2973933\charrsid4286763 MUSKAN BALAGGAN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi436\li3164\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3164\itap0\pararsid4286763 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4286763          }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 Petitioner
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li284\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid4286763 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4286763 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4286763\charrsid13240071 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4286763 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 AND:\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4286763\charrsid4286763 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 THE STATE
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi436\li3164\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3164\itap0\pararsid4286763 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4286763           }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 Respondent
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri-705\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin-705\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 Coram}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4286763 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11750876 Hon. Madam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763  Justice Chandra Ekanayake, Judge of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri-846\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin-846\lin0\itap0\pararsid4286763 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4286763  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 Hon. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 Mr. Justice Priyantha Jayawardena,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763  Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri-705\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin-705\lin0\itap0\pararsid4286763 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4286763  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 Hon. Mr. Justice Madan B. Lokur, Judge of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-1440\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 
\par Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4286763 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2696740\charrsid4286763 Mr. P. Sharma }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 
for the Petitioner
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4286763 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4286763  : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2696740\charrsid4286763 Mr. S. Babitu }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 for the Respondent
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-1440\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 Date of Hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4286763 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 0}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7885011\charrsid4286763 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763  August 2022 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 Date of Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4286763 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid468336\charrsid4286763 25 August 2022
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11470752 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li284\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid11470752 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs32\ul\insrsid468336\charrsid13240071 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6498585\charrsid13240071 Ekanayake}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2642915\charrsid13240071 , J:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8485563\charrsid13240071 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid26445\charrsid13240071 Introduction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid26445 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid15795813\charrsid10841253 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls17\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15795813\charrsid10841253 
In this matter the petitioner had made an application to this court to review the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10814348  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15795813\charrsid10841253 
judgment of this court delivered by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10814348  their}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15795813\charrsid10841253  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10814348 Lordships}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2236566 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10814348  Hon. Sathyaa Hettige }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15795813\charrsid10841253 
and Hon. Kankani T. Chitrasiri on 4/11/2016}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9253799  \endash  by majority decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15795813\charrsid10841253 . Their Lordships of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15795813 Review }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15795813\charrsid10841253 Panel (Hon. Justice B. Aluwihare, Hon. Justice Brian Keith and Hon. Justice P. Dep) having consider}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4269327 ed petitioner\rquote s application, by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15795813\charrsid10841253  an order dated 19/4/2022 had granted review of the above judgment of this court. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf6\insrsid15795813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5396428\charrsid13240071 \'93For the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1933236\charrsid13240071 reasons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5396428\charrsid13240071  given in paras 69-76 of t
he judgment of the Supreme Court dated 4 November 2016, we grant the application for a review of that judgment on the sole ground that the lack of legal representation for the petitioner at her trial in the exceptional circumstances of this case, amounted
 to a real risk of a miscarriage of justice. There must now be a re-hearing in the Supreme Court of her application for leave to appeal on that sole ground.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5396428 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15795813 \tab Paras 69-76 of the judgment of this Court dated 04/11/2016 are reproduced below:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid10814348 \'9369. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 Three features of the case struck me immediately. First, Ms Balaggan decided to challenge the admissibility of the records of her interviews and the charge statement in the\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
. Secondly, she decided to maintain that challenge in the course of the trial. Thirdly, she elected not to give evidence in her trial. In my opinion, these three decisions were tactical disasters. The irrefutable evidence of her links with Xhemali, and th
e strong evidence that she had been in possession of the bag in which the cocaine had been found, meant that her only viable defence to the charges \endash  unless she was going to make the implausible claim that she had not known what was inside her bag 
\endash  was tha
t she had been acting under duress when she tried to take the bag to Australia. After all, that was what had been attributed to her by the police. Indeed, when she addressed the court at the conclusion of the evidence, she explained that her defence was t
h
at she had been forced to take the suitcase. So since that was to be her defence to the charges, one might have expected her to want the records of her interviews and the charge statement to go before the assessors. In the event, Goundar J ruled that they
 were admissible, and that ruling was an advantage to her, not a disadvantage.
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 70.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
That advantage was diminished when in the course of the trial in front of the assessors she continued to maintain in her cross-examination of the police officers that she ha
d not said to the police what they had attributed to her, and that they had forced her to sign the records and the statement as accurately recording what had been said. The overwhelming likelihood is that the assessors did not believe her, and that would 
have made it less likely that they would think it possible that she had been acting under duress when she tried to take the bag containing the cocaine to Australia.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 71.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 Finally, I am sure that any competent lawyer \endash 
 indeed, even an incompetent one \endash  would 
have advised Ms Balaggan that she had little option but to give evidence. Once the cocaine had been found in a bag in her possession, she was inevitably going to be convicted unless she had an explanation for its presence there consistent with innocence. 
I
n view of what the records of her interviews had said, and what she was going to tell the court in her closing speech her defence was, the obvious thing for her to do was to go into the witness box and tell the assessors about the pressure she had been pu
t
 under by Xhemali and the drug dealer who had recruited her to take the cocaine to Australia. By electing not to give evidence, she did not explain how the presence of the cocaine in her bag was consistent with her innocence. She sealed her own fate. It i
s as simple as that. It is difficult to see what was left for the assessors to consider.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 72.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
None of these points were taken by Mr. Nandan. He focused on the fact that Ms Balaggan had to cross-
examine the forensic analyst called by the prosecution without the benefit of a report from her setting out what her evidence was going to be, and that the photographs produced by the analyst had not previously been disclosed to her. These disadvantages p
a
le into insignificance when set against the disadvantages I have identified, and although Mr. Nandan did not rely on them, they are, in my view, so fundamental to whether Ms Balaggan was disadvantaged by the lack of legal representation that the Supreme C
ourt cannot ignore them.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 73.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
We have had cited to us many cases which have addressed the extent to which defendants facing serious criminal charges have a right to legal representation. These cases included the famous case in the High Court of Australia of\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 Dietrich v R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \~(1992) 64 A Crim R 176, even though in\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 Ledua v The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\cf0\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf0\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/cases/FJSC/2008/31.html" \\o "View Case" }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\ulc0\insrsid11750876\charrsid6376869 {\*\datafield 
10d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b7a00000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007000610063006c00690069002e006f00720067002f0066006a002f00630061007300650073002f0046004a00530043002f0032003000300038002f00
330031002e00680074006d006c000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\cf0\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 [2008] FJSC 31}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8723614\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 , the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869  Supreme Court held that\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 Dietrich}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \~did not apply in Fiji because the\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 common law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \~had no application where the defendant\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \~constitutional}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \~right to representation was under consideration. For my part, I do not think that the outcome to this case turns on what the Constitution says about a defendant\rquote 
s right to legal representation or how the courts have interpreted that right over the years. I accept entirely, as was said in\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 Ledua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \~at [34], that the right to legal representation is not absolute, but I prefer to consider whether Ms Balaggan\rquote s right to a fair trial \endash  not so much under section 29(1) 
of the 1997 Constitution (which had been abrogated by the time of the trial) or under section 15(1) of the present Constitution (which had not been promulgated by then) but under the common law \endash 
 was infringed. That turns on whether, to use the language of the Court of Appeal in\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 Asesela Drotini v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 , Criminal Appeal No: AAU 0001/2005 at [11], and cited with approval in\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 Jope Ramalasou v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 , Criminal Appeal No: AAU 0085/2007 at [9], \'93there is a possibility that [the defendant] was adversely prejudiced by his lack of representation\'94
. In my opinion, there was such a possibility in the very particular, and almost unique, circumstances of this case. Those circumstances were that
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f2\fs20\cf1\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-392\li2552\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin2552\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
through no fault of her own Ms Balaggan was deprived only 9 weeks before the trial of the lawyer she wanted to represent her and who had appeared for her on the overwhelming majority of occasions when her case had been listed
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f2\fs20\cf1\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx2160\tx2552\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 she was only 22 years old at
 the time and in a foreign country
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f2\fs20\cf1\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-392\li2552\ri0\widctlpar
\tx2552\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin2552\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
she wanted to be represented by a lawyer at her trial even if she had not done much to find one once her original lawyer could no longer represent her
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f2\fs20\cf1\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}the tactical decisions she made both for the\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \~and in the course of the trial made no sense
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f2\fs20\cf1\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx2160\tx2552\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
as a result of those decisions her case was never advanced in a way which had any hope of acquittal.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
Even though she may well have been at fault in not having found a lawyer to represent her in time for the tr
ial, the combination of these circumstances lead me to conclude that the danger of her not having been able to do justice to her case was such that her conviction amounted to a real risk of a miscarriage of injustice.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf0\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 74.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 I note Chitrasiri J\rquote s concern abo
ut defendants in the future \'93playing the system\'94 in reliance on my judgment. That is, in effect, a \'93floodgates\'94
 argument, namely that unscrupulous lawyers might advise their clients to be unrepresented at their trial, or that unscrupulous defendants might 
decide for their own self-serving reasons not to be represented at their trial, so that they can later argue at the appeal stage that the absence of legal representation created a real risk that their conviction amounted to a miscarriage of justice. The c
onsequence is said to be that cases will drag on, and the prosecution at the subsequent trial may be disadvantaged by the unavailability of witnesses.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 75.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
I do not think that this is a realistic concern. I say that for three reasons. First, you should not 
underestimate the wisdom of judges. They are very sensitive to litigants and their lawyers trying to manipulate them. They are alive to the tricks which unscrupulous litigants and lawyers can get up to. Our system proceeds on the assumption that judges wi
l
l not let the wool be pulled over their eyes. Secondly, courts tend to resist floodgates arguments except in plain cases. The reason is obvious. It is difficult to forecast accurately what the wider consequences will be of a particular decision. In any ev
e
nt, if the justice of a particular case demands that it be decided in a particular way, it would be monumentally unfair to the litigant concerned for it to be decided in another way simply because the court fears how its decision is likely to be used in t
he future. Thirdly \endash  and this is the real answer to Chitrasiri J\rquote s concern in the present case \endash  this case turns on what I have already described as its own \'93very particular, and almost unique\'94
 set of facts. It is extremely unlikely that the combination of circumstances which cumulatively resulted in Ms Balaggan\rquote 
s lack of representation resulting in there having been a real risk of a miscarriage of justice in her case will be repeated. My decision in this case is very much on its own facts, and for that reas
on could hardly be used as a springboard for other appeals. In that connection, I note that neither Hettige J nor Chitrasiri J have thought it appropriate to engage with the cumulative effect of the reasons which have made me think that this case is so un
usual.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 76.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 Chitrasiri J\rquote s other concern \endash 
 and it is one which Hettige J has as well \endash  is that Ms Balaggan was told by the trial judge what her rights were. She therefore knew, both at the beginning of the\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \~and in the trial proper, that the decisio
n whether to give evidence or not was hers, and hers alone. She cannot, they say, now rely on the erroneous decisions she made then as the basis of a new appeal. The answer, with respect, is that this puts the cart before the horse. It was\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 because}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 \~she was unrepresented that she made such poor choices at her trial\'94.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15795813\charrsid6376869 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid476543\charrsid10841253 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls17\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid10841253 This matter was taken up for hearing on 4/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4269327 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid10841253 
/2022 before this court as per the above order dated 19/4/22.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid9260698\charrsid13240071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls17\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6827453 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9260698\charrsid13240071 
The appellant was jointly charged with one Elton Xhemali for attempted exportation of the illicit drug, namely, cocaine contrary to Sections 9 and 4 of the\~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3886011  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/num_act/idca2004242/" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11750876 {\*\datafield 
00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b8000000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007000610063006c00690069002e006f00720067002f0066006a002f006c0065006700690073002f006e0075006d005f006100630074002f0069006400
6300610032003000300034003200340032002f000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9260698\charrsid13240071 Illicit Drugs Control Act, 2004}}}
\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8723614\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9260698\charrsid13240071 
. The appellant was also charged with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11283720\charrsid13240071 unlawful possession of illicit drug}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9711142\charrsid13240071 s contrary to section 5(a) of the Illic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9711142\charrsid13240071 t Drugs Control Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11283720\charrsid13240071  2004}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9260698\charrsid13240071 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11283720\charrsid13240071 After trial in the High Cour}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071 t, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4796023\charrsid13240071 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071 earned High Court Judge (HCJ)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11283720\charrsid13240071  having accepted the unanimous }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071 opinion of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11283720\charrsid13240071  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071 Assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11283720\charrsid13240071  convicted the petitioner for attempt to export an illicit drug namely cocaine contrary to Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10814348 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11283720\charrsid13240071 
 4 and 9 of the Illicit Drugs Control Act 2004 and unlawful possession of the same illicit drug contrary to S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071 
ection 5(a) of the said Act. The petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9260698\charrsid13240071  was sentenced to 11 years and 6 months on each count which was made concurrent, with a non- parole pe}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071 riod of 9 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10297197\charrsid13240071 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12403336 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10682408 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15995478 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11493277\charrsid13240071 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10297197\charrsid13240071 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10297197\charrsid13240071 petitioner appealed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6838167\charrsid13240071  against conviction and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9260698\charrsid13240071  sentence by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6838167\charrsid13240071  a notice of appeal dated 27 /6/}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071  2012. Thereafter the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9260698\charrsid13240071 
 had filed two other amended notices. On the date of the hearing for leave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071  in the Court of Appeal (C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6838167\charrsid13240071 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10641618\charrsid13240071 A), the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9260698\charrsid13240071  relied on the grounds set out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8806462 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9260698\charrsid13240071  in the notice dated 30 June 2014.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9260698 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2367506\charrsid476543 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2367506\charrsid6376869 In the Court of Appeal
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2367506\charrsid3298574 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 By a ruling of a Single Judge dated 4/12/2014 leave was granted only on certain grounds submitted against conviction and sentence. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 Being dissatisfied by the said order petitioner had appealed to the Full COA. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8806462  A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 s per para 34 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8806462 the judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15556588  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 arguments submitted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4269327\charrsid3298574 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574  COA had been basically confined to the right to counsel and refusal of postponements. For the reasons spelt out in the judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8086597  dated 27/05/16}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574  both appeals against conviction and sentence were dismissed.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15995478\charrsid6376869 In the Supreme Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 Being aggrieved by the said COA judgment the petitioner assailed the same by filing a leave application to this court dated 27/6/201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5336572 6}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 . As per para 7 of the judgment of this court the principal grievance and major concern of this petitioner had been as to t
he right of the petitioner to be legally represented at the trial and in view of the COA decision the right to counsel was denied and as such it led to an unfair trial. After hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9334965 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574  the judgment dated 4/11/2016 was delivered by this court. It is observed from the conclusions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1510609 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574  majority decision of Hon. Hettige, J and Hon. Chitrasiri, J, leave was refused and COA judgment dated 27/5/2016 was affirmed. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 7.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 
Being aggrieved by the said judgment of this court dated 4/11/2016, this review application }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4269327\charrsid3298574 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 
filed by the petitioner. Review was allowed by the order of 19/4/2022. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15995478\charrsid3298574 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid476543\charrsid3298574 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 8.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid3298574 By para 3 of the order dated 19/4/2022 Review Panel had gra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16730649 nted leave on a limited ground, which has been already produced in preceding para 
\endash  1. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid16730649 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16730649\charrsid3298574 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid476543\charrsid2035977 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 9.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid476543\charrsid2035977 It is note}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8735973\charrsid2035977 worthy to reproduce paragraph 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid476543\charrsid2035977  of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1642101\charrsid2035977 
original judgment of this court which is to the following effect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2035977 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1642101\charrsid2035977  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid476543 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2035977\charrsid2035977 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid3298574 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1642101\charrsid2035977 20. It can be seen from Supreme court record (state submissions a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2504420 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1642101\charrsid2035977 
 page 175) when the petitioner made an application for further }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2504420\charrsid2035977 adjournment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1642101\charrsid2035977 
 to secure counsel on the date }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2035977\charrsid2035977 of the trial Goundar J has ruled}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1642101\charrsid2035977  as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1642101 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1642101 \'93(8)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid3298574 Balagan seeks to vacate the trial to engage counsel. After the Court disqualified Balagan\rquote s counsel, she was advised to instruct new counsel. Balagan insisted that she be repr
esented by former counsel and elected not to instruct a new counsel for trial. Surely she has an ability to engage new counsel. She instructed Ms. Vaniqi to represent her in an appeal in an unrelated case. She instructed Mr. Jasveel Singh to seek my disqu
alification before the commencement of the trial within the trial. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1642101 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1642101 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1642101 (9)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid3298574 
Balagan has been given ample opportunity to engage counsel. She elected not to engage counsel for her trial. The fact that she is unrepresented is her own making. I also have to bear in mind the interests of the co-accused who has been waiting in custody 
on remand since 26 January 2011 for trial. After taking into account all these factors and the overall interest of justice, I refuse to grant an adjournment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1642101 .\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid3298574  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs32\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid476543\charrsid3569508 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid476543\charrsid8678489 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 10.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid8678489 The main issue that needs consideration is for the reasons given in paras 69-76 of the earlier judgment on the sole ground that the lack of legal representation for the petitioner at the trial }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5336572 in the exceptional circumstances of this case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid8678489 carried a miscarriage of justice. In para \endash 
 73 I observe that it is stated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2504420 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8605756\charrsid8678489  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2504420\charrsid2504420 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid2504420 through no fault of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8605756\charrsid2504420 her own Ms
. Balaggan was deprived only 9 weeks before the trial of the lawyer she wanted to represent her and who had appeared for her on the overwhelming majority of occasions when her case had been listed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2504420\charrsid2504420 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8605756\charrsid2504420 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8605756\charrsid8678489  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3809008\charrsid8678489 Proceedings had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid8678489  in the High Court amply demonstrates as to what happened in the HC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8605756\charrsid8678489 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid8678489  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8605756\charrsid8678489 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid8678489 is form}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8605756\charrsid8678489 er lawyer, one Mr. Chaudhary had been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid8678489 
 disqualified by court. For about 15 dates inclusive of 16/3/2011 he had appeared for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3809008\charrsid8678489 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid8678489 petition}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3809008\charrsid8678489 er}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid476543\charrsid8678489 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8678489 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid15627660 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 11.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 About 3 weeks prior to the original trial date, the Judge before whom it was listed had recused himself and case was assigned to Goundar, J. New trial date was fixed as 21/5/201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8207073 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 . Since there was an objection to the admissibility of the interviews under caution, a v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8735973 
oir dire was fixed for 26/4/2012}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660  for the purpose of determining the admissibility of the interview. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid13725432 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 12.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13725432 On }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12872751 16/4/12}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13725432 when the case was called }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 to check on legal representatio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13725432 n for the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2504420 as per page}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1508922 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2504420  276 and 277 of the HC Record:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-2160\li3600\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3600\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2504420 1}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid2504420\charrsid2504420 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2504420  Accused:\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 I don\rquote 
t want to engage any other lawyer. I am appealing agains}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2504420 t your recusal decision to COA.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2504420 Court:\tab You have any disclosures?
\par 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid2504420\charrsid2504420 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2504420  Accused:\tab I don\rquote t have my disclosures. I returned the disclosures to Mr. Chaudhary.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 Court:\tab State will provide the accused with a spa
re copy of disclosures. Accused given ample opportunity to engage counsel. Co accused is objecting delay. Trial within trial will commence on 26/04/12 at Lautoka High Court.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-1440\li2880\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14104586 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid15627660 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 13.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 That b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7236075 eing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15627660  the date set for voir dire hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4154009 , one}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 
 Mr. Singh had first appeared for the petitioner and later he had withdrawn. Voir dire proceedings and right to cross-examination were explained by court to the petitioner. Then the prosecution 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid15627660\charrsid13005979 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660  witness was called and he was cross-examined by the petitioner. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15627660 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid9898088 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 14.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9898088 
Most of the witnesses the prosecution had called were cross-examined by her even at the voir dire and also at the trial. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13183688 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid13183688\charrsid13240071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 15.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688\charrsid13240071 As per High Court Record (HCR) Volume 2, an amended information had been filed. The petitioner appears to have un
derstood the charges and pleaded not guilty to both counts. When the prosecution commenced calling the witnesses, the HCR (Vol.1) amply demonstrates that (Proceedings starting from 21/5/2012) the petitioner appear}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688\charrsid13240071  in person }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688\charrsid13240071 ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688 d cross-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688\charrsid13240071 examined}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688  most of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688\charrsid13240071  prosecution witnesses quite }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688 efficiently}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688\charrsid13240071 
.  Even at the close of the prosecution case, closing submissions also had been made by the petitioner herself.   The petitioner has personally moved for two days time to prepare her mitigation which had been allowed by the learned High Court Judge.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid14832367 Having concluded the s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688\charrsid13240071 
ubmissions in mitigation by the Petitioner sentence had been delivered by the Learned HCJ.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13183688 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10617077\charrsid13240071 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 16.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 
There is nothing that appears in the HCR even to suggest that the petitioner was not prepared to conduct her own case and/or that there were instances she sought assistance of others to conclude the trial against her.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 17.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 It is noteworthy to stress upon
 the fact that Courts in this jurisdiction have shown at all levels their respect for rights of accused person to a fair trial.  In others words to offer a trial according to law.  Obviously this includes the right to counsel, the right to disclosure, the
 right to adequate time, and facilities in order to prepare a defense, the right to remain silent, and the right to trial without delay.  With regard to right to counsel, I am mindful of the pronouncement of the Court of Appeal at paragraph 9}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10682408  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10682408  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 Jope Ramalasou v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ul\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071  Criminal Appeal No: AAU 0085/07,  to the following effect:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 \'93[9] This court has on several occasions explained the practical limits on the right to counsel. The right to counsel is not absolute. Where an accused person is indigent, the right 
to be provided with representation under the Legal Aid Scheme must depend on the interests of justice. Although, as this Court observed in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 Asesela Drotini v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071  Cr. App. AAU1/05, 24 March 2006}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 "It is preferable that anyone facing a serious charge 
should be able to be represented by counsel. Unfortunately the limited resources of the State and the financial circumstances of many defendants mean they are unrepresented. In such circumstances the trial court should ensure that the defendant has been a
l
lowed reasonable time to instruct counsel. Once he has, the court also has a duty to hear the case as expeditiously as possible. Whenever an accused is unrepresented the court should explain the procedure sufficiently for the accused to be able to conduct
 his defence.
\par The question for this Court is whether there is a possibility that he was adversely prejudiced by his lack of representation. In the present case, the record shows that he was given more than a
dequate time to find counsel, he was advised correctly of his rights by the trial judge and conducted his case competently."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14104586\charrsid3569508 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6376869 In the case at hand the record shows that the petitioner was given more than adequate op}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4538225 
portunities and ample time }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6376869 to engage the services of a lawyer. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid523 Not only that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12609517 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid523  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12609517 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid523 per proceedings before High Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4538225 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid523  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216393 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid523 learned HCJ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216393  also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid523  had explained }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid216393 her rights and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12200493 the proceedings sufficiently. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6376869 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4355698 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid4355698\charrsid4355698 18}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid4355698 . \tab When considering the right of an accused person to be defended, one has to be mindful of  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid4355698 Section 165 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid12994140 the Criminal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid4355698  Procedure Decree 2009, which reads thus:-
\par 
\par \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid4355698\charrsid4355698 \'93165. Any person accused of an offence before any criminal court, or 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid4355698\charrsid4355698 
against whom proceedings are instituted under this decree in any court, may of right be defended by a lawyer\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid4355698 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid10642891\charrsid4355698 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid10642891 
Plain reading of the above section shows that the above right which is given to an accused is not absolute, \lquote but may as of right be defended by a lawyer\rquote .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid4355698 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14367851 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6376869\charrsid6376869 Absence of legal representation
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6376869 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 19.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-1070\li1070\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin1070\itap0\pararsid11338038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 
If an accused is not legally represented in the trial then the appellate tribunal must examine:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 \tab \tab 
(a) \tab whether the trial was fairly conducted, and
\par \tab \tab (b) \tab whether it was not miscarried due to lack of representation.
\par \tab 
\par In this regard I opt to cite the observations made in the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid6376869 Balelala v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ul\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869 [2004] FJCA 4; AAU }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 .2004S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869  (11/11/2004):
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf6\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 \'93The desirability of any accused person having legal representation at a trial is obvious, for the reasons stated in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 
Dietrich v. The Queen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\i\ul\insrsid6376869  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/cgi-bin/LawCite?cit=%5b1992%5d%20HCA%2057" \\
o "View LawCite Record" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\i\ul\insrsid11750876 {\*\datafield 
10d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b9800000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007000610063006c00690069002e006f00720067002f006300670069002d00620069006e002f004c006100770043006900740065003f00630069007400
3d002500350062003100390039003200250035006400250032003000480043004100250032003000350037000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\i\ul\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 [1992] HCA 57}}}
\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8723614\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 ; }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\i\ul\insrsid6376869  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/cgi-bin/LawCite?cit=%281992%29%20177%20CLR%20292" \\o "View LawCiteRecord" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\i\ul\insrsid11750876 {\*\datafield 
10d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90ba600000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007000610063006c00690069002e006f00720067002f006300670069002d00620069006e002f004c006100770043006900740065003f00630069007400
3d00250032003800310039003900320025003200390025003200300031003700370025003200300043004c0052002500320030003200390032000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\i\ul\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 
(1992) 177 CLR 292}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8723614\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 ; but it is not an absolute right \endash  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\ul\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 Robinson v. The Queen }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 (1985) AC 956.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 
The absence of counsel is not necessarily fatal to a conviction which is obtained after a trial which is fairly conducted. In this case, the appellant sought, but was refused legal aid by 
reason of an assessment of a lack of merits in his defence. The decision was properly reviewed and dismissed. Section 28 of the Constitution does not require the provision of legal aid in absolute terms. The obligation which is implicit in that respect is
 one which arises where \'93the interests of justice so require.\'94
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf6\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6376869\charrsid13240071 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 20.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid11338038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 Now}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 
 I shall advert to the contention whether absence of counsel is not necessarily fatal to a conviction which is obtained after a trial that has been fairly conducted. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 21.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid11338038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf6\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid12140333 Esala Tabaloa v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid12140333 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 
 Criminal Appeal No. AAU 0058/08 (15/7/2010) the Court of Appeal held that: \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 It is well established that the right to counsel is not an absolute right }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6441469\charrsid12140333 Eliki Mototabua v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071  CAV 004 of 2005S)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 
 and the absence of counsel is not necessarily fatal to a conviction which is obtained after a trial which is fairly conducted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid12140333 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6441469\charrsid12140333 Seremaia Balelala v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071  Criminal Appeal No. AAU0003 of 2004)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 . The question is whether the trial miscarried as a result of the appellant being unrepresented }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6441469\charrsid12140333 Samuela Ledua v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071  Criminal Appeal CAV004 of 2007)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2635883 In this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071  the learned High Court Judge had given the appellant ample time and opportunity to secure a counsel of her own choice but she had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469  not}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071  done so.  Instead she had insisted that she be represented by her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469  former }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 counsel }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469 whom the court had disqualified, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16339591 against whom the petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469 had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1798433  also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469  complained.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid6441469 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 22.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid11338038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 
Having carefully considered how the petitioner had conducted her trial in the High Court in person there is nothing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 n the record}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469  even}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071  to suggest that the petitioner\rquote s trial miscarried due to lack of representation.  Further the learned HCJ not only throug
hout the voir dire inquiry, but also throughout the main trial had offered the petitioner ample opportunities to retain counsel.  But she ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071  continuously failed to do so for reasons unknown and cannot be gathered from the record.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6441469 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 23.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid11338038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 Being aggrieved 
by the conviction and sentence, the petitioner had lodged an appeal to the Court of Appeal which was dismissed on 27/05/2016.  Then she assailed the said COA judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11697975 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071  this Court on 04/11/2016.  The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11697975 main}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071  grounds}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104369  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid346297 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 spelt out in paragraph 6 (i) (a) \endash  (c) of the}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104369  said petition to the Supreme Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 dated 04/11/2016.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13240071 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid6441469\charrsid11812367 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 24.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid9635194 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid11812367 It is to be noted that all 3 grounds }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5788648 submitted here }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid11812367 were interconnected to the issue of whether the COA erred in law in failing to hold that there was a miscarriage of justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11812367\charrsid11812367 due to non}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7624246 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11812367\charrsid11812367 representation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5115207 . O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11812367 n a careful perusal of the COA judgment I am convinced that for the reasons }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5115207 stated}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11812367  therein, they had not erred in arriving upon the conclusion reached on the principal issues }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5115207 namely,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11812367  right to counsel and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4470205 with regard to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11812367 postponements}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9665992 . I see no error has been committed by them}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5115207 . In the result}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4355698 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5115207  appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4422903  had been dismissed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11812367\charrsid13960046  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid13960046 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11812367\charrsid11812367 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid9635194 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 25.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid9635194 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9635194  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469 
I have carefully considered the material included in paras 69 -76}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3499308  of the previous judgment of this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469  court as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6816139 mentioned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469  in t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11538481 he review ord}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6816139 er dated 19/4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11538481 /2022}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13960046  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5527349 
Further it is noteworthy to mention that according to the material on record the petitioner had made no attempts to obtain legal aid. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5391913  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid15417146 For the reasons articulated in the preceding paragraphs I am convinced that trial had been fairly conducted and it was not miscarried due to lack of representation. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13190225 Further, I am satisfied that no exceptional circumstances also exi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13500437 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13190225 
t here which compels this court to conclude that there was a risk of miscarriage of justice. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469\charrsid15417146 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6441469 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9635194 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6441469\charrsid133258 Special Leave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6441469 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6497075\charrsid133258 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ulc1\insrsid803385 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 26.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \fi-721\li721\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin721\itap0\pararsid11338038 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385 
Section 7 of the }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385\charrsid803385  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/sca183/" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11750876\charrsid803385 {\*\datafield 
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2f007300630061003100380033002f000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\ul\insrsid803385\charrsid803385 Supreme Court Act}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8723614\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385\charrsid803385  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385 
No. 14 of 1998 deals with special leave to appeal to the Supreme Court. Section 7 thus reads as follows:- 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li1125\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1125\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385 
(1). In exercising its jurisdiction under Section 98 [formerly section 122] of the Constitution with respect to special leave to appeal in any civil or criminal matter, the Supreme Court may, having regard to the circumstance of the case-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \fi720\li720\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385 (a) refuse to grant special leave to appeal;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li1440\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385 
(b) grant special leave and dismiss the appeal or instead of dismissing the appeal make such orders as the circumstances of the case require; or
\par (c) grant special leave and allow the appeal and make such other orders as the circumstances of the case require.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li720\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385 Section 7(2):-
\par In relation to a criminal matter, the Supreme Court must not grant special leave to appeal unless-
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9855091 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid803385\charrsid803385 (a) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9855091  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid803385\charrsid803385 a question of general legal importance is involved;
\line (b) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9855091  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid803385\charrsid803385 a substantial question of principle affecting the administration of criminal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9855091 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9855091 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid803385\charrsid803385 justice is involved; or\line (c) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9855091  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid803385\charrsid803385 substantial and grave injustice may otherwise occur.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid803385 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614\charrsid803385 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9855091 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385 In this jurisdiction it is well settled that the criteria set out in Section 7(2) of the }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385\charrsid803385  HYPERLINK "http://www.p
aclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/sca183/" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11750876\charrsid803385 {\*\datafield 
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2f007300630061003100380033002f000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\ul\insrsid803385\charrsid803385 Supreme Court Act}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8723614\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385  are extremely stringent and special leave to appeal is not granted as a matter of course. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid803385 Dip Chand v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385 ; CAV 004.2010(9/5/12) had clearly held as follows:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li1440\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5338877 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid803385\charrsid9855091 "....Given that the criteria is s
et out in Section 7 (2) of the }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385\charrsid9855091  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/sca183/" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11750876\charrsid9855091 
{\*\datafield 
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2f007300630061003100380033002f000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\ul\insrsid803385\charrsid9855091 Supreme}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8723614\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\ul\insrsid803385\charrsid9855091  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid803385\charrsid9855091  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/sca183/" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11750876\charrsid9855091 {\*\datafield 
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2f007300630061003100380033002f000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\ul\insrsid803385\charrsid9855091 Court}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8723614\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid803385\charrsid9855091  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid803385\charrsid9855091 
 HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/sca183/" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11750876\charrsid9855091 {\*\datafield 
00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b7c00000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007000610063006c00690069002e006f00720067002f0066006a002f006c0065006700690073002f0063006f006e0073006f006c005f00610063007400
2f007300630061003100380033002f000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\ul\insrsid803385\charrsid9855091 Act}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8723614\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid803385\charrsid9855091  No. 14 of
 1998 are extremely stringent, and special leave to appeal is not granted as a matter of course the fact that the majority of the grounds relied upon by the Petitioner for special leave to appeal have not been raised in the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid803385 makes the task of the Petitioner of crossing satisfying (sic) the threshold requirements for special leave even more difficult."
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs4\insrsid14367851\charrsid14367851 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\cf1\ulc1\insrsid16387332 \hich\af37\dbch\af0\loch\f37 27.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16387332  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid9712108\charrsid9712108 It is needless to 
stress that this Court being the final Appellate Court, special leave to appeal should be granted only in cases which crosses the threshold stipulated in section 7(2) of the }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid9712108\charrsid9712108  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/sca183/" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid11750876\charrsid9712108 {\*\datafield 
00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b7c00000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007000610063006c00690069002e006f00720067002f0066006a002f006c0065006700690073002f0063006f006e0073006f006c005f00610063007400
2f007300630061003100380033002f000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\f0\fs24\ul\cf0\insrsid9712108\charrsid9712108 Supreme Court Act}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8723614\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid9712108\charrsid9712108  14 of 1988.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid9855091 
  In view of the above analysis, I conclude that petitioner has failed to satisfy court with regard to above threshold. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid9712108\charrsid9712108  Special leave to appeal is therefore refused. The}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid3499308  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid9855091 j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid3499308 udgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid1000225  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid9855091 \endash  majority }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid2510775 judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid3499308  of this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid9712108\charrsid9712108 Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid10682408 dated 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid11631023 /11/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid10682408 2016 }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid10682408\charrsid9712108 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid9712108\charrsid9712108  hereby affirmed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid9712108  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs28\cf0\insrsid13763268\charrsid2382783 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs16\cf0\insrsid2379795\charrsid2379795 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi709\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3105189 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2379795\charrsid13240071 Jayawardena, J:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2379795 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 28.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 I have considered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid5338877 both the judgments of Hon. Justice C. Ekanayake and Hon. Justice M. Lokur.  I agree with the reasoning, findings and the conclusion of the draft judgment of Hon. Chandra Ekanayake.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid2379795\charrsid5338877 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10682408 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs16\ul\insrsid2379795 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi709\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3105189 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 Lokur, J (}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9201914 dissenting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2379795 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 29.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 
I have had the benefit of reading the draft judgment prepared by my learned sister Justice Chandra Ekanayake. With respect, I am unable to subscribe to the view that she has taken. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1070\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1070\itap0\pararsid8723614 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614\charrsid5338877 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 30.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 This petition is listed for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 considering }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 a review of the judgment dated 4 November 2016 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 on the sole ground that the lack of legal representation for the petitioner at her trial in the exceptional circumstances of this case, amounted to a real risk of a miscarriage of justice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8723614\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 31.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 The facts of the case have been mentioned
 by my learned sister Justice Ekanayake in her draft judgment and there is no reason to repeat them, except to the extent of the facts material for a decision on the question referred.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1070\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1070\itap0\pararsid8723614 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 32.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 In June 2011, an allegation of rape was made by the petitioner aga
inst her chosen lawyer, which allegation she later withdrew. She was then charged with giving false information to a public servant. She pleaded guilty and was sentenced to two years imprisonment by the Magistrate\rquote s Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8723614\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 33.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 Later, the learned High Cour
t Judge seized of the principal case, on his own motion, took up the matter of disqualification of the chosen lawyer as counsel for the petitioner in the case. The lawyer was heard and the learned Trial Judge gave a ruling on 16 March 2012 disqualifying t
he lawyer as \'93necessary to ensure a fair trial for the accused and to maintain public confidence in the administration of the criminal justice system.\'94
 It is important to note that notwithstanding the false allegation, the lawyer was willing to represent the petitioner and the petitioner was desirous of the lawyer continuing to represent her.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1070\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1070\itap0\pararsid8723614 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614\charrsid5338877 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 34.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 
The learned Trial Judge noted that the trial is scheduled to commence on 21 May 2012 and therefore the petitioner has adequate time of nine weeks to engage and instruct a new counsel.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1070\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1070\itap0\pararsid8723614 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614\charrsid5338877 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 35.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 Feeling dissatisfied with the ruling of learned Trial Judge, the pe
titioner preferred an appeal before the Court of Appeal. The appeal was heard by a learned single Judge who delivered his ruling on 25 May 2012, that is, after the trial had commenced. This is significant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1070\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1070\itap0\pararsid8723614 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614\charrsid5338877 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 36.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 The learned single Judge concluded that since
 the disqualification of the chosen lawyer was an interlocutory order, it could not be appealed against to the Court of Appeal as an interlocutory appeal. However, the learned single Judge held: \'93
It may form the basis of a ground of appeal in the event that the Appellant is convicted.\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8723614\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 37.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 
In the meanwhile, on 21 May 2012 before the trial commenced, the petitioner moved an application before the learned Trial Judge for an order for the trial to be vacated to enable her to engage a counsel. Like any litiga
nt, the petitioner would have perhaps been hopeful of a favourable verdict from the Court of Appeal. It may be recalled that on 21 May 2012 her appeal before the Court of Appeal had not yet been decided and it was uncertain whether she could be represente
d by her chosen lawyer. In view of the pendency of the appeal, there was no occasion for the petitioner to even consider engaging and instructing another lawyer.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3105189 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3105189\charrsid5338877 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 38.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 The petitioner\rquote s application before the 
learned Trial Judge was rejected on the same day (21 May 2012) and the trial commenced without the petitioner knowing whether she could or could not be represented by her chosen lawyer. In my opinion, this was unfair to her. The learned Trial Judge was of
 
the view that the situation in which the petitioner found herself was of her own making. This is not entirely correct, since her appeal disqualifying her chosen lawyer was pending before the Court of Appeal and the ruling had not yet been delivered. It wo
uld, in my opinion, have been appropriate, if not respectful, for the learned Trial Judge to await the decision of the Court of Appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1070\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1070\itap0\pararsid8723614 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614\charrsid5338877 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 39.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3105189 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 
Be that as it may, the trial for the first five days was conducted without the petitioner being represented by a law
yer. During this period, at least 20 (if not more) prosecution witnesses were examined, out of a total of about 27. Surely, this is unfair to any accused, however heinous the alleged crime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1070\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1070\itap0\pararsid8723614 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614\charrsid5338877 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 40.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid1537807 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 That the petitioner conducted the proceedings well (including
 the voir dire) is beside the point. The question is whether the petitioner was entitled to be represented by a lawyer, if not of her own choice, then at least by some other lawyer. The petitioner was neither represented by a lawyer of her own choice nor 
by any other lawyer. It is not as if the petitioner willingly conducted the trial in person \endash 
 she had no option but to do so because of circumstances beyond her control, namely, the pendency of her appeal in the Court of Appeal and the haste of the learned 
Trial Judge to commence the proceedings without waiting for the decision of the Court of Appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8723614\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid16387332 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 41.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid1537807 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16387332 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 
I am of the opinion that the lack of legal representation for the petitioner at her trial in the exceptional circumstances of this case, amounted to a real risk of a miscarriage of justice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1070\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1070\itap0\pararsid8723614 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8723614\charrsid5338877 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\ulc1\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 42.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid1537807 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877\charrsid5338877 In my opinion, the petitioner\rquote 
s application for leave to appeal must be re-heard on this sole ground. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5338877 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6827453\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6827453 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li1070\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1070\itap0\pararsid6827453 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\ulc1 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6827453 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li5040\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid16387332 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\insrsid1780377\charrsid4286763 Hon. Mr. Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid5659365\charrsid4286763 Madan B. Lokur}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5659365\charrsid4286763 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8199266\charrsid16387332 Judge of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid10682408 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9201914 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid9201914 \tab \tab 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li360\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11338038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3955825 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1537807 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4286763 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1537807 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9201914\charrsid4589517 Orders of the Court:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9201914 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11338038\charrsid4589517 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\cf1\ulc1\insrsid9201914 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid11338038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\insrsid9201914 Special leave to appeal is refused. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs16\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9201914\charrsid15494610 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\cf1\ulc1\insrsid9201914 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\insrsid9201914 The majority judgment of this court dated }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\insrsid3700566 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\insrsid9201914 4/11/2016 is affirmed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9201914\charrsid2379795 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li450\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin450\itap0\pararsid11338038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9201914 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li450\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin450\itap0\pararsid9201914 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8723614 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11338038 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-436\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4286763 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\insrsid9201914\charrsid808415 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs16\f0\fs24\insrsid9201914\charrsid808415 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\insrsid9201914\charrsid4286763 Hon.  Madam Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9201914\charrsid4286763 Chandra Ekanayake}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\insrsid9201914\charrsid4286763 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li4320\ri-70\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin-70\lin4320\itap0\pararsid9201914 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9201914\charrsid16387332 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9201914 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11338038 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9201914\charrsid16387332 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2880\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid4286763 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9201914\charrsid16387332 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9201914\charrsid4286763 Hon. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9201914\charrsid4286763 Mr. Justice Priyantha Jayawardena}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9201914\charrsid4286763 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li4320\ri-70\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin-70\lin4320\itap0\pararsid9201914 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9201914\charrsid16387332 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9201914 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs16\ul\insrsid9201914\charrsid16387332 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9201914 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ulc0\insrsid9201914\charrsid9201914 
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