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\rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
\par [CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION]
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 CRIMINAL PETITION No: CAV 0012 of 2019
\par [On Appeal from Court of Appeal Nos: AAU 0054/16}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11753541 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 AAU 0059/16}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11753541 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 AAU 0062 /16]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11753541\charrsid11753541 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3892451\charrsid11753541 BETWEEN:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11753541\charrsid11753541 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11753541 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11753541\charrsid11753541 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3892451\charrsid11753541 1. JOSEPH ABOURIZK
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 2. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3892451\charrsid11753541 JOSESE MURIWAQA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3892451\charrsid11753541 Petitioners
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5066948 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11753541 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3892451\charrsid11753541 AND:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11753541 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11753541\charrsid11753541 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3892451\charrsid11753541 THE STATE
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3892451\charrsid11753541 Respondent
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11753541\charrsid11753541 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3892451\charrsid11753541 Coram:\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11753541 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3892451\charrsid11753541 Hon. Mr. Justice Anthony Gates, Judge of the Supreme Court
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Hon. Mr. Justice Priyasath Dep, Judge of the Supreme Court
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Hon. Mr. Justice Madan B. Lokur, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3892451\charrsid11753541 
\par Counsel:\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid11753541 Mr. M. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5707559\charrsid11753541 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid11753541 hangaraj for the 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid11753541 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid11753541  Petitioner
\par \tab \tab Mr. A. K. Singh for the 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid11753541 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid11753541  Petitioner
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid11753541 
Mr.  L. J. Burney with Mr. T. Naimila for the Respondent
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3892451\charrsid11753541 
\par Date of Hearing:\tab 08 August 2022
\par Date of Judgment:\tab 25 August 2022
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\b\f0\fs36\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 Gates, J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3892451 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11753541\charrsid9062450 
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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3172383\charrsid14646907 I have had the advantage of reading in draft the judgment of Lokur J.  I concur with it, with its reasons, and with the orders proposed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3172383 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11753541\charrsid14646907 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3172383\charrsid14646907 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3172383\charrsid14646907 
The panel had found itself in some difficulty, not having been the original panel who had had the petition argued before it, and who had decided to quash the conviction.  As Lo
kur J has said, the orders were not complete in exercising powers in accordance with section 23(2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12387675\charrsid14646907 ) (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3172383\charrsid14646907 a) of the Court of Appeal Act.  
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\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3172383\charrsid14646907 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3172383\charrsid14646907 During the deliberations after the hearing the panel decided to pose certain written questions to learned counsel.  The
y responded within the limited time constraint with further written submissions.  We have been greatly assisted by counsel\rquote s endeavors which competently addressed our concerns, and for which the court expresses its appreciation.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3172383\charrsid11891787 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3172383\charrsid14646907 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3172383\charrsid14646907 There were errors in th
e trial here but the trial was not nullity.  The errors occurred in the summing up by way of misdirection or misapprehension of evidence.  Accordingly our orders are for a limited re-trial before a different judge.  It should occur expeditiously on the ex
isting record of evidence, and without calling fresh evidence.  With the change in the law and the abolition of assessors, the new trial will now take place before a judge alone who will decide the matter on the existing evidence and after hearing counsel
\rquote s addresses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3892451 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7946193 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 Dep, J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3892451 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5066948\charrsid9062450 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5066948 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 I had the benefit of reading the Judgment in draft of Lokur J, and I agree with him that the DPP\rquote 
s application for a retrial should be allowed, and a retrial be ordered.  The retrial to be held by a High Court Judge other than the l
earned Judge who heard and decided the case in the first instance. I find that the hearing of cases in the High Court by a judge sitting with the assessors was dispensed with under a recent amendment to the Criminal Procedure Code. Therefore, the High Cou
rt Judge sitting alone without the assistance of assessors has decide the case.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5066948\charrsid7297792 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948\charrsid7297792 
The Supreme Court has power under section 14 of the Supreme Court Act, 1998 read with section 23(2)(a) of the Court of Appeal Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5066948\charrsid7297792 o.19 to order a new trial if the interest of justice so require}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948\charrsid7297792 . }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5066948 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 7.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 
The question is whether or not the Supreme Court has the power to give directions as to the conduct of the new trial. In my view in the interest of justice the Supreme Court has the power to do so.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5066948 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 8.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 
As I understand, a new trial means a fresh trial or a rehearing of a case. A new trial and 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 retrial have the same meaning. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5066948\charrsid7297792  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 Though, I agree with Justice Lokur that a retrial be ordered, I respectfully disagree with the Justice Lokur\rquote s prop
osed orders to a limited retrial which requires the trial judge to take into consideration the trial record and decide and pass judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948\charrsid12524844  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5066948 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 9.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948 I propose }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5790694 
at the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948  trial the judge should adopt the evidence already led for the purpose of expeditious disposal of
 the case,   reserving the rights of parties to apply to court to recall witnesses for further examination or cross examination or to call new witnesses. The trial judge could }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5066948\charrsid5790694 
ex mere mot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5790694\charrsid5790694 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5066948  call witnesses.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3892451 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11753541 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3892451\charrsid9062450 Lokur, J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3892451 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14097826\charrsid9062450 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 10.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 This petition is listed before this Court as a follow up to the orders given on 28 April 2022}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  [2022] FJSC 9}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . The orders passed by the Panel were:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11753541\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 (1) The petitioners\rquote  application for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court is granted.
\par (2) The petitioners\rquote  appeal against their convictions is allowed, and their convictions are hereby quashed.
\par (3) The Director of Public Prosecutions must notify the Court by 12 May 2022 whether he proposes to apply for an order for a new trial.
\par (4) Such an application must be lodged by 19 May 2022.
\par (5) In the meantime, the petitioners are remanded in custody.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 11.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
Order (3) was made in the exercise of power conferred on the Supreme Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8410012\charrsid4208138 by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  section 14 of the Supreme Court Act, 1998 read with section 23(2) (a) of the Court of Appeal Act, 1949. These provisions read:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11753541\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8410012\charrsid4208138 
Section 14 of the Supreme Court Act, 1998
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8410012\charrsid4208138 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8410012\charrsid4208138 14. For the purposes of the Constitution of the Republic of Fiji and this Act, the S
upreme Court has, in relation to matters that come before it, all the power and authority of the Court of Appeal and that power and authority may be exercised, with such modifications as are necessary, according to the circumstances of the case.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8410012\charrsid4208138 \'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8410012\charrsid4208138 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Section 23(2) (a) of the Court of Appeal Act, 1949
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 23. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9062450\charrsid4208138 \endash  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 1) xxx xxx xxx
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
(2) Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Court of Appeal shall \endash 
\par (a) if they allow an appeal against conviction, either quash the conviction and direct a judgment and verdict of acquittal to be entered, or if the interests of justice so require, order a new trial; and 
\par (b) xxx xxx  xxx}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'94
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 12}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab As would be immediately apparent from a reading of Section 23(2) (a) of the Court of Appeal Act, the order passed is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8410012\charrsid4208138 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 incomplete}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8410012\charrsid4208138 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
. The section gives two options to the Panel while allowing the appeal: (i) quash the conviction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  direct a judgment and verdict of acquittal to be entered, or (ii) if the interests of justice so require, order a new trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8410012\charrsid4208138 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  It is doubtful, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid343834\charrsid4208138 whether}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  the word \'93or\'94 before the words \'93
if the interests of justice so require\'85\'94 can be read as enabling the Court of Appeal to quash the conviction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  if the interests of justice so require, order a new trial. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8410012\charrsid4208138 
However, it is really not necessary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1667102\charrsid4208138  to delve into this controversy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8410012\charrsid4208138  in the present case although it may arise in some other proceeding. In any event, the Panel }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 left }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8410012\charrsid4208138 it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 to the DPP to take a call on whether or not to proceed with a new trial. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab Subsequent to the order passed by the earlier Panel, the respondent has filed a document titled \'93RESPONDENT\rquote S SUBMISSIONS - RETRIAL\'94
 of 6 May 2022. Through this, the State Counsel has informed this Court, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 inter alia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 , as under:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \line \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 2. Having carefully considered the Judgment and the public interest in a retrial, the DPP has 
decided that it is overwhelmingly in the public interest that there is a retrial of the charge of unlawful possession of a very large quantity of drugs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12397118\charrsid4208138 This decision of the DPP has fallen for consideration before this Panel which is placed in an unenviable position of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1667102\charrsid4208138 having to take}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12397118\charrsid4208138 
 a call on whether or not to order a new trial. It must be stated at the outset that this Panel is not sitting in judgment over the decision of the DPP. The task before this Panel is limited
 to deciding whether a new trial or a retrial should be ordered or not. This decision is required to be taken uninfluenced by the view expressed by the DPP. Strictly speaking, therefore, this Panel is required to step into the shoes of the earlier Panel i
n taking a decision, which is the reason for this task being unenviable. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14097826\charrsid4208138 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Guiding principles for a decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1667102\charrsid4208138 Mr. Burney}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1667102\charrsid4208138 learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 State Counsel has given justification, in the document, why the DPP has decided that there should be a retrial. The justifi
cation is based on an application of the principles formulated by the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 HKSAR v. Zhou Limei (No.2)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  (2020) 23 HKCFAR 169}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
 after considering the decisions rendered in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 HKSAR v. Tam Ho Nam (No.2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  (2017) 20 HKCFAR 414}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Au Pui Kuen v. Attorney General of Hong Kong}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  [1980] AC 351}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Ting James Henry v. HKSAR}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  (2007) 10 HKCFAR 632}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  Kissel v. HKSAR}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  (2010) 13 HKCFAR 27}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . The}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
principles articulated in the cited judgment provide guidance to this Court and are worth repeating. They are:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 (1) \tab 
Whether or not a re-trial should be ordered is a matter of discretion.  This discretion is usually exercised, as it should be, by the Court of Appeal, relying on their \'93collective sense of justice and common sense.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 
 Au Pui Kuen at 357D-E.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  And, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1006138 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 was put by Lord Bingham of Cornhill, there must be \'93
an informed and dispassionate assessment of how the interests of justice in the widest sense are best served\'94; it is important to maintain \'93confidence in the efficacy of the criminal justice system.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 
 Forrester Bowe (Junior) v The Queen [2001] UKPC 19, at para.39;}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
\par (2)  \tab The discretion whether or not to order a retrial depends entirely on what justice requires (this being the \'93critical question\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 
 Tam Ho Nam (No.2) at para 21.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 ).
\par (3) \tab The interests of justice of course include a consideration of an accused\rquote s interest and circumstances.  The criminal justice system is there to bring matters to a conclusion without undue delay and without oppression; these are \'93
accepted norms\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\super\insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780  Mok Kin Kau v HKSAR (2008) 11 HKSAR (2008) 11 HKCFAR 1, at para.10.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 .  It should be acknowledged that any criminal trial is to some degree an ordeal for the accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 
 Au Pui Kuen at 356H.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 .  The interests of justice also 
include the interest of the public in seeing those who are guilty of serious crimes brought to justice and not escape merely because of a technical error in the conduct of a trial or in the summing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11284922 up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 to a jury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 
 Au Pui Kuen at 357C-D.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 .  In Au Pui Kuen,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780  At 359D-E:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid10897780 See also Dennis Reid v The Queen [1980]AC 343; at 350 G-H}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  Lord Diplock referred to the following passage from the judgment of Gould Ag CJ in Ng Yuk-kin v The Crown:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357\charrsid8412407 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  [1955] 39 HKLR 49, at 60}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  that there may be cases where it \'93is in the inter
ests of the public, complainant, and the appellant himself that the question of guilt or otherwise be determined finally by the verdict of a jury, and not left as something which must remain undecided by reason of a defect in legal machinery\'94
.  In assessing the public interest, a court must take into account the views of the public,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  Ting James Henry at para 51}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
 although it must ultimately be for the court to determine what is in the public interest.  The strength of the prosecution case is also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4550212 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 relevant consideration.
\par (4)\tab The interest}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11284922 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
 of justice require all relevant factors, both for and against a retrial, to be taken into account. Such factors will not only vary from case to case, but their relative importance and weight will also be different in any given case}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  Au Pui Kuen at 357D-E}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 .
\par (5)\tab The above said, one factor that must be given significant weight is the fact that the accused has already undergone a trial, in particular where the trial is long and complex}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  Ting James Henry at para 50}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
. This is all the more so when there is involved a second retrial, which means of course the possibility of a third trial for the same offence. In Mok Kin Kau,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  At paras 12 and 14}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  the ordering of a second retrial after 2 concluded trials and appeals, and the serving of the whole sentence, was said to be an \'93unusual course\'94
 and in such a situation, in the absence of a special or compelling reason, this was a \'93departure from accepted norms\'94 sufficient to constitute a substantial and grave injustice. Althoug
h it is not unprecedented for a second trial to be ordered, the cases accept that this is an \'93unusual\'94 course to take,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  See Tam Ho Nam (No.2) at para 24 referring to R v. Chau Mei Ling [1981] HKC 542, at 545B-C; Mok Kin Kau at para 7; HKSAR v. Li Yanhong 
(No.2) [2016] 1 HKLRD 946, at para 14}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
 even where the accused has not served the whole of his or her sentence as was the case in Mok Kin Kau. Given that the ordering of a second retrial is an unusual course, a court would have to be persuaded by cogent and
 compelling reasons to make such an order. This is consistent with the interest}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2639625 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  of justice, but of course all relevant factors must be carefully weighed in this exercise of discretion.
\par (6)\tab Another factor that should also be taken into account is the time 
that an accused has spent in custody and in relation to this facet, the time that an accused has been in custody will have to be seen against the likely sentence that he or she might receive on a retrial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  See, for example, Ting James Henry at para 52}}}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'94
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12397118\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab In addition to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1667102\charrsid4208138 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 above principles, this Court is also guided by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12397118\charrsid4208138 instructive }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 judgment delivered by Lord Diplock in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Au Pui Kuen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12397118\charrsid4208138  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 in that it focusses on three contingencies that may arise in deciding whether to order a new trial or not. These three contingencies are where the strength of the evidence is so \'93
tenuous that a verdict of guilty on that evidence would be set aside as unsafe or unsatisfactory\'94, the evidence is \'93
so strong that any reasonable jury if properly directed would have convicted the accused and no miscarriage of justice had actually occurred\'94 and the third contingency is between these two extremes, which  is  that the apparent credibility and cog
ency of the evidence adduced at the trial is rendered abortive by some technical blunder of the judge. Lord Diplock said:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12397118\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'93
The strength of the evidence adduced against the accused in the previous trial is clearly one of the factors to be taken into consid
eration in determining whether or not to order a new trial. At the one extreme it may be so tenuous that a verdict of guilty }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4550212 up}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 on that evidence would be set aside as unsafe or unsatisfactory under s 83(1) (a) of the Criminal Procedure Ordinance. In such a 
case the Court of Appeal would be exercising its discretion unjudicially if it ordered a new trial; for under the adversary system of criminal procedure which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6715807 
is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 followed in common law jurisdictions it would be contrary to the interests of justice to allow
 a new trial so as to give the prosecution a second chance to get its tackle in order by adducing additional evidence. In the United States of America where new trials}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4550212  in criminal cases are a common}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
place a similar principle has recently been held by the Supreme Court of the United States to be applicable in both federal and state courts; see Burks v United States}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357\charrsid13982232 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid13982232 
 (1978) 98 S Ct 2141}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  and Greene v Massey}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  (1978) 98 S Ct 2151}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4550212  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 At the other extreme the 
evidence at the previous trial may have been so strong that any reasonable jury if properly directed would have convicted the accused and that no miscarriage of justice had actually occurred.  In such a case instead of quashing the conviction and ordering
 a new trial the appropriate course would be to dismiss the appeal under the proviso to s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4550212 ection}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  83(1).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4550212  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Between these two extremes, however, there lies a whole gradation in the apparent credibility and cogency of the evidence that has been adduced at the tri
al rendered abortive by some technical blunder of the judge.  The strength or weakness of the evidence is a factor to be taken into account but it is only one among what may be many other factors; and if the Court of Appeal are of opinion that on a proper
 
consideration of the evidence by the jury a conviction might result it is not a necessary condition precedent to the exercise of their discretion in favour of ordering a new trial that they should have gone further and reached the conclusion that a convic
tion on the re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4550212 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 trial was probable.\'94 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
Submissions of learned counsel
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 16}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab 
Mr. Burney, learned counsel for the State submitted that the drug haul in this case was almost 50 kg of cocaine and for the island nation of Fiji, this was a huge haul}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12397118\charrsid4208138 , if not the biggest}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
. It would not be in public interest if the accused are allowed to get away scot free because of some technical errors committed by the Trial Judge as well as flawed reasoning and incorrect appreciation of the evidence of the prime witness for the pro
secution ASP Neiko. 
\par 
\par 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab 
He insisted that the prosecution has a formidable case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1667102\charrsid4208138 . It}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  is not necessary for this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 Panel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 analyze}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 e evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1667102\charrsid4208138  and indeed Mr. Burney did not invite this Panel to do so.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  Broadly, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1667102\charrsid4208138 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  submitted that the accused were }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 found with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  about 50 Kg of cocaine }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 in the car in which they were travelling }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 and it is for them to explain how it got there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1667102\charrsid4208138 
, as required by section 32 of the Illicit Drugs Control Act 2004}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 .  
\par 
\par 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab 
He further submitted that if a retrial is held, it will not be particula
rly protracted since the issues for consideration by the Trial Judge would be limited. The accused too would not be disadvantaged by any alleged delay since the transcript of the proceedings are available and recalling the events will not be problematic. 

\par 
\par 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab 
Finally, on the question of passage of time, he submitted that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 though}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  seven years have elapsed since the incident, it \'93pales in comparison\'94
 to a period of 25 years sentence and a non-parole period of 20 years. In effect, therefore, any alleged delay in conclusion of the proceedings does not prejudice the accused making th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  delay fatal to the retrial. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab Per contra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 , learned counsel for the accused submitted (though separately, but the submissions are clubbed here for convenience) that on the exi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 ti
ng evidence, the case of the prosecution is not as formidably strong as is made out to be. There are plenty of gaps in the prosecution evidence leading the five assessors to reach a verdict of not guilty, which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 even }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 the learned Trial Judge said was not perverse.   
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 21}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab 
It was also submitted that the analysis of the evidence by the learned Trial Judge was flawed and prejudicial to the accused. There was no justification for disagreeing with the five assessors who reached a unanimous verdict of not guilty. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 22}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab 
Learned counsel submitted that a retrial would be prolonged since new evidence would have to be led. In a brief response, Mr. Burney for the State stated at the Bar that the prosecution would not call any new witness. Learned counsel for the accused
 stated that they may}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 , nevertheless,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
 consider calling some witnesses in support of the defence.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  \tab 
It was pointed out that the ground situation has changed over the last seven years and one of the areas of concern was the absence of a sketch map, which cannot now be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1667102\charrsid4208138 prepared}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  due to physical developments in the area. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab 
Finally, it was submitted that the accused have already spent seven years in custody and might have to spend several more till their acquittal. On the issue of delay and prejudice thereby caused to the accused in ordering a retrial, reference was made to 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Ali v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  [2003] FJCA 8}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  Kumar v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  [2010] FJCA 14}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Malatolu v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  [2017] FJHC 274}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  State v. Drauna}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  [2018] FJCA 13}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
. The submission advanced was that the alleged offence is of 2015 and seven years have gone by since then. This delay is fatal to the cause of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 
expeditious }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 justice, as far as the accused are concerned. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab 
This Panel has considered the submissions of learned counsel, oral and written. The issue at hand is rather limited, namely, whether a retrial should be ordered or not.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 The application of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 principles }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 abovementioned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 mandates, broadly:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
The judicious exercise of discretion. The step of ordering a new trial or a retrial should not be taken in a routine manner but only in exceptional circumstances}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1667102\charrsid4208138  and for good reason}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 .
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}The interests of justice. This actually postulates the existence of a failure of justice.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}A calibrated balancing. Public interest must be weighed alongside the interests of the accused.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}Consideration of several factors. The factors are merely illustrative}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138  and not exhaustive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
, such as delay that may be caused in the process such that the process should not become the punishment; the period spent in detention by the accused; the nature of the evidence \endash  is it tenuous, or strong or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 suffers from a technical error}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 ; the nature of the alleged offence \endash 
 petty, serious or heinous and so on.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 I
s there a distinction between a new trial and a retrial?
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab This question arises in the context of the expression \'93new trial\'94
 employed in section 23(2) (a) of the Court of Appeal Act and the decision of the DPP that there is public interest in a \'93retrial\'94. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
In England, the case law on jury trials seems to suggest no distinction between a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 new trial (a writ of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 venire de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
) and a retrial. They are synonymous, but an order for a new trial or a retrial is given in very limited circumstances. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
Archbold: Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice (2021)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  it is stated at 7-430 that \'93
A writ of venire de novo will be awarded where a purported trial \'93is actually no trial at all.\'94 Reference is made to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Crane v. DPP}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  [1921] 2 A.C. 299 per Lord Atkinson at page 330}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Reg. v. Rose}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  [1982] A.C. 822 HL, per Lord Diplock at page 831}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7241098\charrsid4208138 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 n }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Rose}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 , the question before the House of Lords was:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'93Wheth
er the Court of Appeal (Criminal Division) may in their discretion order a venire de novo when they are satisfied that a verdict must be set aside by reason of a material irregularity consisting of improper pressure imposed upon the jury at any time befor
e verdict\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab 
While answering the question in the negative, the House of Lords considered several decisions including }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Crane}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9721266  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Crane}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 , it was found that \'93the only indictment upon which Crane could be lawfully tried there had not been any trial at all.\'94 Lord Atkinson held that what occurred was \'93
a mistrial and a nullity\'94. By \'93mistrial\'94 he meant a purported trial \'93which is actually no trial at all.\'94 Lord Sumner described the occurrence as \'93a mistrial, an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  in truth }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13986325 no trial at all.\'94 Lord Parmoor }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 was of the view that the indictment was \'93non-existent
\'94 and that \'93the trial was void ab initio\'94. Explaining this, Lord Diplock observed:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11753541\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 In Crane\rquote s case 
the reason why there had been no trial at all was because he had never been arraigned upon the only indictment on which he could lawfully be tried. Another reason for a purported trial being no trial at all is when it is brought before a tribunal which la
cks the qualification necessary in law to give it jurisdiction to try the offence with which the accused is charged.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . \tab The House of Lords also considered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Rex v. Neal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312357 \rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13312357 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312357  [1949] 2 K.B. 590}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
 in which the irregularity occurred after the jury had retired to consider their verdict. The Court of Appeal quashed the conviction but refused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 to
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  order a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 venire de novo}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11753541\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 In our opinion, if it transpires that there has been a mistrial, then \'85..  the court can order the case to be retried, but, in order that it may be 
said that it is a mistrial, the circumstances must be such as render the trial a nullity from the outset.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11753541\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Later, it was held:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11753541\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 This trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid4208138 cannot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
 in any sense be said to have been a nullity because of an irregularity on the part of either judge or jury down to the time when all the evidence had been heard and the summing up had taken place. Down to that point everything was regular and in order.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11753541\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 . \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Summing up the law, in a sense, Lord Diplock observed:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8128987\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
Such then was the state of judicial authority as to the extent of the jurisdiction of the Court if Criminal Appeal to issue writs of venire de novo at the date of its abolition in 1966. That co
urt could do so if there had been an irregularity of procedure which had resulted in there having been no trial that had been validly commenced. It could do so if the trial had come to an end without a properly constituted jury ever having returned a vali
d verdict. It could }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
 do so because of an irregularity in the course of the trial occurring between the time when it had been validly commenced and the discharge of the jury after returning a verdict.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  [Emphasis }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 supplied by me}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 ].
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 . \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 In conclusion, it was held, and this is important:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11753541\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
My Lords, the certified question postulates a material irregularity occurring in the course of a trial that has been validly commenced between the time it was so commenced and its conclusion with a judgm
ent of conviction following an unequivocal verdict of guilty by the jury, as happened in the instant case. In my opinion, for the reasons I have given, the answer to this question must be \'93No.\'94 I would therefore dismiss these appeals.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 \'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 32}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 . \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Therefore, it 
is quite clear that any irregularity in a trial from its commencement to the verdict of the jury does not give grounds for a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 de novo}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  trial or a new trial or a retrial. It is for the appellate court to decide whether to uphold the conviction or quash it. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 The dilemma before this Panel and its resolution
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 33}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 . \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
Today, the position before this Panel is that no submission has been made by any learned counsel that there was \'93no trial at all\'94 or that it had not been validly commenced or that the trial was fundamentally and incurably flawed}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138  or a nullity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . There is no doubt that the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 accused were properly arraigned before the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Trial Judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 had jurisdiction to conduct the trial, the witnesses were duly examined and cross examined}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138  and there is no error in this process}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 Interestingly, the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
 defect pointed out by learned counsel }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 for the State as well as for the accused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 was in the summing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 and the misdirection given by the learned Trial Judge to the assessors. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 As held by Lord Diplock, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 hese defects }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 do}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  not vitiate the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 actual }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 but}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
 vitiate the conviction. Consequently, these defects could be, should be and were, considered, analyzed and commented upon by the Court o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 
f Appeal and the earlier Panel which quashed the conviction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 34}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 . \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 What then is the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 role of this Panel and what is the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 appropriate order to pass in this petition? }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 
As mentioned above, the role of this Panel is limited to deciding whether a retrial should be ordered or not. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 The summing up by 
the learned Trial Judge was incomplete since a few crucial gaps were left and the learned Trial Judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 misdirected the assessors leading to what is said to be an erroneous conclusion by them. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2954052\charrsid4208138 But, as per the guiding principles elucidated above, this is not good enough reason to order a retrial. The erroneous summing up and the misdirection do not make the trial }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid69680\charrsid4208138 a \'93no trial at all\'94 or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14290023\charrsid4208138 a }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid69680\charrsid4208138 not validly commenced }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14290023\charrsid4208138 trial }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid69680\charrsid4208138 or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14290023\charrsid4208138 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid69680\charrsid4208138 fundamentally and incurably flawed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14290023\charrsid4208138 trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid69680\charrsid4208138 or a nullity. Therefore, following the dictum laid down by the House of Lords, there is no reason for this Panel to order a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 complete }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid69680\charrsid4208138 retrial in this case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14290023\charrsid4208138 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 35}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14290023\charrsid4208138 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9241664\charrsid4208138 Equally importantly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14290023\charrsid4208138 there is now a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2189285\charrsid4208138 vital}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14290023\charrsid4208138  change in the legal system in Fiji, which is that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
the system of assessors has been abolished}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14290023\charrsid4208138 
. Therefore, even assuming grounds are made out for a retrial, it cannot be before a panel of assessors, but will necessarily have to be  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14290023\charrsid4208138 conducted before a learned High Court Judge. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2189285\charrsid4208138 erroneous summing up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 and misdirection to the assessors }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2189285\charrsid4208138 therefore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
pales into insignificance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2189285\charrsid4208138  and becomes irrelevant in a sense}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2189285\charrsid4208138 
All these factors weigh against and indeed suggest the futility of a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 complete }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2189285\charrsid4208138 retrial.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 36}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 . \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 On the other hand, a new trial or retrial is unnecessary particularly when neither party has objected to the conduct of the trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 per se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 . In this situation, a new trial might end up }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9241664\charrsid4208138 being}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 
 a replay of the original trial, though at considerable expense to all parties and further delay in conclu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 ding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  the case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 Therefore, on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13902920\charrsid4208138  a consideration of the guiding principles laid down in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9241664\charrsid4208138 Zhou Limei (No.2) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3635319\charrsid4208138 and considering the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 relevant factors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3635319\charrsid4208138 for and against a retrial, the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9241664\charrsid4208138  real question is w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2189285\charrsid4208138 hat purpose will }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9241664\charrsid4208138 a retrial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2189285\charrsid4208138  serve}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5123704\charrsid4208138  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9241664\charrsid4208138 in the present circumstances }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5123704\charrsid4208138 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9116452\charrsid4208138 does }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5123704\charrsid4208138 justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9116452\charrsid4208138  require a fruitless exercise to be conducted}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2189285\charrsid4208138 ? }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13902920\charrsid4208138 
\par 
\par 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13902920\charrsid4208138 .\tab L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9241664\charrsid4208138 ooked at from another perspective, l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13902920\charrsid4208138 
earned counsel for the State and the accused deny that the existing evidence is \'93tenuous\'94. Indeed, they all say that they have a formidable case and effectively the other side has no case to answer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138  because the available evidence is \'93strong\'94 in their favour. Maybe so.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13902920\charrsid4208138   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3635319\charrsid4208138 This is for the Trial Judge to decide. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16520356 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid4208138 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16520356\charrsid4208138 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16520356\charrsid4208138 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 On}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16520356\charrsid4208138  this forensic diagnosis of the circumstances, including a change in law, it need only be said that this Panel has come face to face wit
h an extraordinary and challenging situation \endash  one that requires finding a therapeutic solution that balances the public interest and the rights of the accused. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 This }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3409578\charrsid4208138 is possible by adopting a middle path: neither ordering a }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10949209\charrsid4208138 conventional }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 or complete }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3409578\charrsid4208138 retrial due to impermissibility of the legal position, nor denying both sid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10949209\charrsid4208138 es a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5250213\charrsid4208138 nother}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10949209\charrsid4208138  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 round}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10949209\charrsid4208138  in the form of an unconventional }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 or partial }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10949209\charrsid4208138 retrial. T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10949209\charrsid4208138 therapeutic solution that commends itself to this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5250213\charrsid4208138 
Panel is that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 parties argue the matter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5250213\charrsid4208138 afresh }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 on the existin
g record before the learned Trial Judge. This will avoid }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5250213\charrsid4208138 a result in which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 both parties }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5250213\charrsid4208138 ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5250213\charrsid4208138 e,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  as it were, a second bite at the cherry. To avoid any allegation of bias or a pre-determined mind, it would be appropriate if the matter is re-argued before a lea
rned High Court Judge, other than the learned Trial Judge who dealt with the matter in the first instance and without }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 the learned Judge }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 being shackled or influenced by the views expressed by the courts and the judgments delivered in the matter. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3172383 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 . \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138 Is t
his innovative solution permissible in law? This Panel believes that given the extraordinary situation presented before it, a forensic innovation is necessary \endash  provided it is within the bounds of law and the Constitution. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138 Section 14 of the Supreme Court Act empowers and authorizes the Supreme Court to exercise all the authority and power of the Court of Appeal and \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138 that power and authority may be exercised, with such modifications as are necessary, according to the circumstances of the case.\'94 This Panel, i
n passing the order that it proposes, exercises that power and authority with appropriate modifications that are necessary given the circumstances of this case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138 This }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138 undoubtedly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 has the power to pass an order for a }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138 full}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138 re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138 . Therefore, it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 surely has the power to pass an order to a 
\lquote lesser\rquote  extent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13138814\charrsid4208138 or magnitude }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138 eschewing a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138 de novo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138  trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6495396\charrsid4208138  and instead ordering a limited or an abbreviated }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138 or a modified }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6495396\charrsid4208138 retrial}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138 Consequently, j}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6495396\charrsid4208138 ustice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138 in this case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12976260\charrsid4208138 can be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 achieved by directing a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9973959\charrsid4208138 n }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6253056\charrsid4208138 expeditious}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  re-hearing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138 by the High Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138 on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138 its}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13312357\charrsid4208138  ex}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9973959\charrsid4208138 isting record so that the public interest is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6495396\charrsid4208138 fully }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9973959\charrsid4208138 served, the truth of the matter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6253056\charrsid4208138 is}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9973959\charrsid4208138  known and the rights of the accused preserved and protected so that neither party gains an unfair advantage over the other. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6495396\charrsid4208138 Order}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6715807 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6495396\charrsid4208138  of the Court:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6495396 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid4208138 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138 
A limited retrial is ordered in exercise of power conferred by section 14 of the Supreme}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3421345\charrsid4208138  Court Act read with section 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138 (2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3421345\charrsid4208138  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16527367\charrsid4208138 (a) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3421345\charrsid4208138 of the Court of Appeal Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6495396 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid4208138 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid3421345\charrsid4208138 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3421345\charrsid4208138 
The limited retrial will be held by a High Court Judge other than the learned Judge who heard and decided the case in the first instance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3421345 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid4208138 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid3421345\charrsid4208138 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3421345\charrsid4208138 
The High Court Judge will take into consideration }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6715807 only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3421345\charrsid4208138 the trial record}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6715807 
 without hearing fresh evidence. The new High Court Judge will not refer to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3421345\charrsid4208138 
summing up by his predecessor, the view of the assessors and the judgment of his predecessor. The High Court Judge will take a decision and pass judgment uninfluenced by the views expressed by the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court and as if he were he
aring the matter de novo.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3421345 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid4208138 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid3421345\charrsid4208138 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3421345\charrsid4208138 
The High Court Judge will hear and decide the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15276794  case before him expeditiously, and meanwhile the Petitioners are remanded in custody till the 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid15276794\charrsid15276794 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15276794 
 mention of their case at the Lautoka High Court on 16}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid15276794\charrsid15276794 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15276794  September 2022.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3421345 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4208138\charrsid4208138 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid3421345\charrsid3172383 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid11753541 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3421345\charrsid3172383 There i
s no order as to costs. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10495337\charrsid3172383 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4208138\charrsid489727 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3223092 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6226291 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11753541 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3223092 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6226291 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10495337\charrsid11753541 Hon. Mr. Justice Anthony Gates
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10495337\charrsid11753541 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10495337\charrsid4208138 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6226291 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11753541\charrsid4208138 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10495337\charrsid11753541 Hon. Mr. Justice Priyasath Dep
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10495337\charrsid11753541 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4208138 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6226291 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11753541\charrsid4208138 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10495337\charrsid11753541 Hon. Mr. Justice Madan B. Lokur
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10495337\charrsid11753541 Judge of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3892451\charrsid11753541 
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