{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch37\stshfhich37\stshfbi37\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f2\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset0\fprq1{\*\panose 02070309020205020404}Courier New;}
{\f3\fbidi \froman\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05050102010706020507}Symbol;}{\f10\fbidi \fnil\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05000000000000000000}Wingdings;}{\f13\fbidi \fnil\fcharset134\fprq2{\*\panose 02010600030101010101}SimSun{\*\falt ??\'a1\'a7??};}
{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}{\f37\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\f38\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0502040204020203}Segoe UI;}
{\f39\fbidi \fnil\fcharset134\fprq2{\*\panose 02010600030101010101}@SimSun;}{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0302020204030204}Calibri Light;}
{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}
{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f265\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\f266\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\f268\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f269\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f270\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\f271\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\f272\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f273\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\f285\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset238\fprq1 Courier New CE;}{\f286\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset204\fprq1 Courier New Cyr;}
{\f288\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset161\fprq1 Courier New Greek;}{\f289\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset162\fprq1 Courier New Tur;}{\f290\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset177\fprq1 Courier New (Hebrew);}{\f291\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset178\fprq1 Courier New (Arabic);}
{\f292\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset186\fprq1 Courier New Baltic;}{\f293\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset163\fprq1 Courier New (Vietnamese);}{\f397\fbidi \fnil\fcharset0\fprq2 SimSun Western{\*\falt ??\'a1\'a7??};}{\f605\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}
{\f606\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}{\f608\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f609\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f612\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}
{\f613\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}{\f635\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\f636\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\f638\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}
{\f639\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\f640\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Calibri (Hebrew);}{\f641\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Calibri (Arabic);}{\f642\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
{\f643\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\f645\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Segoe UI CE;}{\f646\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Segoe UI Cyr;}{\f648\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Segoe UI Greek;}
{\f649\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Segoe UI Tur;}{\f650\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Segoe UI (Hebrew);}{\f651\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Segoe UI (Arabic);}{\f652\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Segoe UI Baltic;}
{\f653\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Segoe UI (Vietnamese);}{\f657\fbidi \fnil\fcharset0\fprq2 @SimSun Western;}{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri Light CE;}
{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Light Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Light Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Light Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31533\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Calibri Light (Hebrew);}{\fhimajor\f31534\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Calibri Light (Arabic);}{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Light Baltic;}
{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri Light (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\fhiminor\f31573\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Calibri (Hebrew);}
{\fhiminor\f31574\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Calibri (Arabic);}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}
{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;
\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;
\red192\green192\blue192;\red5\green99\blue193;\red96\green94\blue92;\red225\green223\blue221;\red64\green64\blue64;}{\*\defchp \f37 }{\*\defpap \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 }
\noqfpromote {\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 
\snext0 \sqformat \spriority0 \styrsid16122318 Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive \sunhideused \spriority1 Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\trcbpat1\trcfpat1\tblind0\tblindtype3\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext11 \ssemihidden \sunhideused Normal Table;}{
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext15 \slink16 \sunhideused \styrsid13574404 header;}{\*\cs16 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37 \sbasedon10 \slink15 \slocked \styrsid13574404 Header Char;}{\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext17 \slink18 \sunhideused \styrsid13574404 
footer;}{\*\cs18 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37 \sbasedon10 \slink17 \slocked \styrsid13574404 Footer Char;}{\s19\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext19 \sunhideused \styrsid13574404 Normal (Web);}{\s20\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext20 \sqformat \spriority34 \styrsid13574404 
List Paragraph;}{\*\cs21 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\cf17 \sbasedon10 \sunhideused \styrsid13574404 Hyperlink;}{\*\cs22 \additive \cf18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat19 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid13574404 Unresolved Mention;}{\*\cs23 
\additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid5786158 highlight;}{\s24\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f38\fs18\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext24 \slink25 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid16067052 Balloon Text;}{\*\cs25 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f38\fs18 
\sbasedon10 \slink24 \slocked \ssemihidden \styrsid16067052 Balloon Text Char;}{\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext26 \slink27 \sunhideused \styrsid7480097 footnote text;}{\*\cs27 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20 \sbasedon10 \slink26 \slocked \styrsid7480097 Footnote Text Char;}
{\*\cs28 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super \sbasedon10 \sunhideused \styrsid7762362 footnote reference;}{\s29\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext29 \slink30 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid6645006 endnote text;}{\*\cs30 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0 \sbasedon10 \slink29 \slocked \ssemihidden \styrsid6645006 Endnote Text Char;}{\*\cs31 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super \sbasedon10 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid6645006 endnote reference;}{\*\cs32 
\additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf20 \sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority19 \styrsid13187510 Subtle Emphasis;}{\*\cs33 \additive \super \spriority0 \styrsid5989976 Footnote Characters;}}{\*\listtable{\list\listtemplateid-1580966416\listsimple
{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat102\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'03[\'00];}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\fbias0 \fi-360\li990\jclisttab\tx0\lin990 }{\listname 
;}\listid1}{\list\listtemplateid-1845062806{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440
\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4
\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li7200\jclisttab\tx7200\lin7200 }{\listname ;}\listid26375350}{\list\listtemplateid-226735722\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-2140094778\'03[\'00];}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li990\lin990 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid107938476}{\list\listtemplateid-2120581198{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers
\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4320
\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4
\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid126167377}
{\list\listtemplateid1136535434{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel
\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0
\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers
\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid320231073}{\list\listtemplateid949910370\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid-1527861256\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li1065\lin1065 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid536870937\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1785\lin1785 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid536870939\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2505\lin2505 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid536870927\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3225\lin3225 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid536870937\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3945\lin3945 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid536870939\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4665\lin4665 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid536870927\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5385\lin5385 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid536870937\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6105\lin6105 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid536870939\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6825\lin6825 }{\listname ;}\listid368727076}{\list\listtemplateid2120877806\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace630\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-2140094778\'03[\'00];}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li360\lin360 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid417681763}{\list\listtemplateid990911778\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1204065660\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-720\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6840\lin6840 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li7560\lin7560 }{\listname ;}\listid603342352}{\list\listtemplateid1872809378{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers
\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600
\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0
\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid629818737}{\list\listtemplateid-982595240
\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1004\lin1004 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4
\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1724\lin1724 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2
\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2444\lin2444 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3164\lin3164 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3884\lin3884 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4604\lin4604 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5324\lin5324 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6044\lin6044 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6764\lin6764 }{\listname ;}\listid679624420}{\list\listtemplateid1570939292\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid809712764}{\list\listtemplateid-226735722\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-2140094778\'03[\'00];}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li990\lin990 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1117331211}{\list\listtemplateid-226735722\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-2140094778\'03[\'00];}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li990\lin990 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1126970104}{\list\listtemplateid-582056718{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1286\jclisttab\tx1286\lin1286 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2006\jclisttab\tx2006\lin2006 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2726\jclisttab\tx2726\lin2726 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3446\jclisttab\tx3446\lin3446 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4166
\jclisttab\tx4166\lin4166 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4886\jclisttab\tx4886\lin4886 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5606\jclisttab\tx5606\lin5606 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4
\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6326\jclisttab\tx6326\lin6326 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li7046\jclisttab\tx7046\lin7046 }{\listname ;}\listid1247617578}{\list\listtemplateid1142854498
\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat0\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-1397034798\'01\u-3986 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\loch\af10\hich\af10\dbch\af0\fbias0 \fi-360\li1080\lin1080 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807555\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0 \fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807557\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f10\fbias0 \fi-360\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807553\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0 \fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807555\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0 \fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid134807557\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f10\fbias0 \fi-360\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807553
\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0 \fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807555\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0 
\fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807557\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f10\fbias0 \fi-360\li6840\lin6840 }
{\listname ;}\listid1461722420}{\list\listtemplateid878596292\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat5\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-1374140952\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-180\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-360\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-180\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-360\li6840\lin6840 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-180\li7560\lin7560 }{\listname ;}\listid1479032631}{\list\listtemplateid1133831518{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440
\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel
\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4
\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1635941958}{\list\listtemplateid574109094{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fs20\fbias0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880
\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0
\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1730613472}{\list\listtemplateid-191299918\listhybrid{\listlevel
\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-1854639036\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li1065\lin1065 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4
\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid536870937\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1785\lin1785 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid536870939\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2505\lin2505 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid536870927\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3225\lin3225 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid536870937\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3945\lin3945 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid536870939\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4665\lin4665 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid536870927\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5385\lin5385 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid536870937\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6105\lin6105 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid536870939\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6825\lin6825 }{\listname ;}\listid1805612644}{\list\listtemplateid-1459866240\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-964263864\'03[\'00];}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1951162032}}{\*\listoverridetable{\listoverride\listid1805612644\listoverridecount0\ls1}{\listoverride\listid368727076
\listoverridecount0\ls2}{\listoverride\listid603342352\listoverridecount0\ls3}{\listoverride\listid26375350\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat1}\ls4}{\listoverride\listid26375350\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat
\levelstartat2}\ls5}{\listoverride\listid1635941958\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat5}\ls6}{\listoverride\listid1635941958\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat6}\ls7}{\listoverride\listid809712764
\listoverridecount0\ls8}{\listoverride\listid1247617578\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat1}\ls9}{\listoverride\listid1247617578\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat2}\ls10}{\listoverride\listid126167377
\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat4}\ls11}{\listoverride\listid126167377\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat5}\ls12}{\listoverride\listid126167377\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat
\levelstartat6}\ls13}{\listoverride\listid126167377\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat7}\ls14}{\listoverride\listid1730613472\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat8}\ls15}{\listoverride\listid1730613472
\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat9}\ls16}{\listoverride\listid629818737\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat5}\ls17}{\listoverride\listid1479032631\listoverridecount0\ls18}
{\listoverride\listid679624420\listoverridecount0\ls19}{\listoverride\listid417681763\listoverridecount0\ls20}{\listoverride\listid1951162032\listoverridecount0\ls21}{\listoverride\listid107938476\listoverridecount0\ls22}{\listoverride\listid320231073
\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat39}\ls23}{\listoverride\listid320231073\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat40}\ls24}{\listoverride\listid1117331211\listoverridecount0\ls25}
{\listoverride\listid1461722420\listoverridecount0\ls26}{\listoverride\listid1126970104\listoverridecount0\ls27}{\listoverride\listid1\listoverridecount0\ls28}}{\*\revtbl {Unknown;}}{\*\pgptbl {\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0
\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp9\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp9\itap0\li0\ri0
\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp9\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp12\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp
\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp2\itap0\li720\ri720\sb100\sa100}{\pgp\ipgp8\itap0\li720\ri720\sb100\sa100}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp
\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid1772\rsid17359\rsid17547\rsid23203\rsid71520\rsid73929\rsid79827\rsid92820\rsid95778\rsid96268\rsid131920\rsid133465\rsid159087\rsid162890
\rsid198630\rsid200660\rsid205201\rsid208076\rsid211393\rsid214268\rsid219158\rsid226900\rsid228226\rsid228754\rsid262751\rsid264785\rsid266200\rsid273651\rsid275602\rsid284506\rsid287374\rsid290222\rsid292117\rsid292697\rsid334174\rsid347563\rsid353667
\rsid354360\rsid357732\rsid393988\rsid402407\rsid406028\rsid407874\rsid413701\rsid415147\rsid416507\rsid417475\rsid419024\rsid464867\rsid475065\rsid477114\rsid478164\rsid480142\rsid537222\rsid547504\rsid592961\rsid602770\rsid603475\rsid606388\rsid620957
\rsid622262\rsid657260\rsid666232\rsid744832\rsid791684\rsid815791\rsid860549\rsid864020\rsid870007\rsid872960\rsid882998\rsid926021\rsid944503\rsid949582\rsid988775\rsid1004422\rsid1063916\rsid1068318\rsid1069363\rsid1075791\rsid1115738\rsid1117475
\rsid1118707\rsid1135416\rsid1135595\rsid1139529\rsid1144528\rsid1146732\rsid1180597\rsid1184252\rsid1187874\rsid1201870\rsid1203983\rsid1207796\rsid1208778\rsid1208786\rsid1246467\rsid1261664\rsid1272871\rsid1313344\rsid1314339\rsid1324999\rsid1334871
\rsid1335596\rsid1339829\rsid1341223\rsid1384885\rsid1385395\rsid1399284\rsid1401778\rsid1442228\rsid1451117\rsid1451523\rsid1458032\rsid1472788\rsid1474538\rsid1518431\rsid1535190\rsid1577117\rsid1578358\rsid1591440\rsid1593091\rsid1646338\rsid1648288
\rsid1662434\rsid1669262\rsid1704078\rsid1706835\rsid1712965\rsid1714189\rsid1719216\rsid1729835\rsid1772149\rsid1774403\rsid1784635\rsid1845447\rsid1857528\rsid1859609\rsid1867570\rsid1901505\rsid1927816\rsid1929718\rsid1929919\rsid1931973\rsid1972098
\rsid1973806\rsid1974522\rsid1986804\rsid1987290\rsid1988132\rsid2034798\rsid2036999\rsid2051834\rsid2097763\rsid2098491\rsid2100376\rsid2116277\rsid2116624\rsid2116759\rsid2120888\rsid2122077\rsid2127324\rsid2127928\rsid2165914\rsid2166072\rsid2172365
\rsid2179569\rsid2232231\rsid2234731\rsid2235064\rsid2237343\rsid2252001\rsid2253742\rsid2255492\rsid2294209\rsid2306487\rsid2307120\rsid2307303\rsid2315485\rsid2367225\rsid2372073\rsid2378465\rsid2392024\rsid2428056\rsid2428848\rsid2435314\rsid2439410
\rsid2445307\rsid2455054\rsid2496790\rsid2500903\rsid2504749\rsid2510532\rsid2520390\rsid2559851\rsid2562814\rsid2563517\rsid2569889\rsid2572864\rsid2574701\rsid2581150\rsid2584619\rsid2585099\rsid2622628\rsid2641746\rsid2699873\rsid2704213\rsid2704468
\rsid2707571\rsid2718180\rsid2718994\rsid2760169\rsid2761159\rsid2763115\rsid2763724\rsid2764579\rsid2764683\rsid2766550\rsid2771241\rsid2781322\rsid2783784\rsid2829391\rsid2836806\rsid2837129\rsid2838354\rsid2883915\rsid2897075\rsid2957678\rsid2964078
\rsid2965388\rsid2965798\rsid2969575\rsid2972842\rsid2977857\rsid2980001\rsid3018015\rsid3028187\rsid3030498\rsid3033273\rsid3045404\rsid3047176\rsid3080273\rsid3081726\rsid3082782\rsid3087245\rsid3088284\rsid3093863\rsid3099287\rsid3099372\rsid3108465
\rsid3109213\rsid3148332\rsid3159884\rsid3164698\rsid3214898\rsid3224794\rsid3224911\rsid3225572\rsid3227322\rsid3228122\rsid3279026\rsid3287021\rsid3290232\rsid3291640\rsid3295881\rsid3302857\rsid3308431\rsid3346271\rsid3350683\rsid3352444\rsid3360399
\rsid3361143\rsid3368334\rsid3368630\rsid3422308\rsid3437850\rsid3440202\rsid3475398\rsid3485337\rsid3544233\rsid3551138\rsid3559193\rsid3569148\rsid3604846\rsid3605428\rsid3606782\rsid3612284\rsid3623962\rsid3627582\rsid3634606\rsid3678580\rsid3681825
\rsid3686761\rsid3689661\rsid3691837\rsid3743110\rsid3743546\rsid3744220\rsid3749668\rsid3752141\rsid3754935\rsid3807494\rsid3808452\rsid3813416\rsid3820776\rsid3822766\rsid3833158\rsid3867691\rsid3874384\rsid3880481\rsid3935948\rsid3938158\rsid3956128
\rsid3960375\rsid3961038\rsid4002214\rsid4008788\rsid4011162\rsid4013541\rsid4023045\rsid4073710\rsid4087951\rsid4089243\rsid4090545\rsid4094324\rsid4159280\rsid4161142\rsid4200363\rsid4208003\rsid4218555\rsid4266068\rsid4272676\rsid4280912\rsid4281817
\rsid4287562\rsid4332937\rsid4334580\rsid4335123\rsid4336906\rsid4340527\rsid4340608\rsid4346977\rsid4348220\rsid4350349\rsid4351359\rsid4351860\rsid4392511\rsid4397570\rsid4406115\rsid4409641\rsid4415354\rsid4419702\rsid4423397\rsid4466464\rsid4474023
\rsid4528751\rsid4533969\rsid4544573\rsid4547263\rsid4589343\rsid4601408\rsid4609518\rsid4614670\rsid4619632\rsid4658264\rsid4665238\rsid4675345\rsid4680487\rsid4680792\rsid4729851\rsid4732274\rsid4735850\rsid4786733\rsid4788022\rsid4795547\rsid4795832
\rsid4797760\rsid4797846\rsid4803932\rsid4855514\rsid4857146\rsid4865631\rsid4868350\rsid4869174\rsid4916251\rsid4919316\rsid4922345\rsid4922679\rsid4926111\rsid4932262\rsid4944444\rsid4990362\rsid4991927\rsid5001563\rsid5008672\rsid5046328\rsid5058979
\rsid5074343\rsid5112259\rsid5122027\rsid5122959\rsid5129226\rsid5136774\rsid5140884\rsid5182869\rsid5197946\rsid5199919\rsid5201181\rsid5202620\rsid5246651\rsid5253008\rsid5255677\rsid5262133\rsid5266304\rsid5272448\rsid5317605\rsid5321445\rsid5331553
\rsid5332817\rsid5376297\rsid5385843\rsid5389012\rsid5400315\rsid5402105\rsid5403251\rsid5441144\rsid5448035\rsid5509719\rsid5512870\rsid5516945\rsid5574098\rsid5585893\rsid5599453\rsid5601520\rsid5636536\rsid5646222\rsid5647039\rsid5649033\rsid5658385
\rsid5661417\rsid5665276\rsid5716480\rsid5731397\rsid5734104\rsid5779285\rsid5786158\rsid5792343\rsid5834639\rsid5839087\rsid5850857\rsid5898681\rsid5900257\rsid5903745\rsid5924653\rsid5975827\rsid5979309\rsid5981794\rsid5982682\rsid5984438\rsid5989976
\rsid6034648\rsid6044529\rsid6097505\rsid6113702\rsid6118040\rsid6120312\rsid6122723\rsid6124316\rsid6124839\rsid6126851\rsid6170070\rsid6182158\rsid6186408\rsid6227454\rsid6236758\rsid6237734\rsid6243787\rsid6248070\rsid6250547\rsid6297495\rsid6309271
\rsid6313885\rsid6315215\rsid6322644\rsid6324008\rsid6380666\rsid6427976\rsid6447213\rsid6452199\rsid6453285\rsid6491658\rsid6500390\rsid6502150\rsid6504175\rsid6515611\rsid6518602\rsid6560185\rsid6560940\rsid6571471\rsid6573806\rsid6575533\rsid6582526
\rsid6584869\rsid6638034\rsid6645006\rsid6692383\rsid6693631\rsid6697986\rsid6702437\rsid6714181\rsid6715943\rsid6751454\rsid6758600\rsid6758781\rsid6770934\rsid6781630\rsid6835352\rsid6884806\rsid6894433\rsid6895481\rsid6912182\rsid6953395\rsid6958701
\rsid6959878\rsid6965103\rsid6968733\rsid6971442\rsid6972423\rsid6976630\rsid6977910\rsid7019965\rsid7022029\rsid7035118\rsid7081387\rsid7085675\rsid7105607\rsid7147269\rsid7161140\rsid7171392\rsid7215494\rsid7220338\rsid7222388\rsid7230506\rsid7231034
\rsid7277506\rsid7279494\rsid7280625\rsid7283469\rsid7285927\rsid7293785\rsid7342130\rsid7342846\rsid7349326\rsid7350256\rsid7351042\rsid7351173\rsid7354079\rsid7356965\rsid7364201\rsid7367785\rsid7407547\rsid7408696\rsid7419135\rsid7422597\rsid7425866
\rsid7437837\rsid7480097\rsid7480183\rsid7483287\rsid7489683\rsid7497444\rsid7498036\rsid7544042\rsid7544142\rsid7553506\rsid7555082\rsid7561725\rsid7619423\rsid7624420\rsid7631283\rsid7736858\rsid7738818\rsid7740917\rsid7750852\rsid7752137\rsid7761921
\rsid7762362\rsid7822357\rsid7823321\rsid7824723\rsid7876071\rsid7939133\rsid7960628\rsid8022325\rsid8065974\rsid8068999\rsid8069783\rsid8076828\rsid8086635\rsid8093618\rsid8127677\rsid8142323\rsid8145138\rsid8150438\rsid8196411\rsid8198688\rsid8200443
\rsid8212984\rsid8214901\rsid8221801\rsid8272014\rsid8273280\rsid8277284\rsid8279410\rsid8283921\rsid8284524\rsid8333067\rsid8390979\rsid8399940\rsid8401338\rsid8407148\rsid8410669\rsid8413937\rsid8414681\rsid8415228\rsid8457532\rsid8458995\rsid8463094
\rsid8467113\rsid8483050\rsid8546211\rsid8588729\rsid8592842\rsid8612815\rsid8617902\rsid8654693\rsid8659038\rsid8661917\rsid8676859\rsid8678328\rsid8679566\rsid8718828\rsid8727367\rsid8728067\rsid8728270\rsid8729338\rsid8730428\rsid8744738\rsid8748330
\rsid8784149\rsid8792031\rsid8793433\rsid8794069\rsid8814081\rsid8858160\rsid8864689\rsid8865740\rsid8917835\rsid8920505\rsid8926541\rsid8927337\rsid8982835\rsid9007656\rsid9044521\rsid9051205\rsid9058044\rsid9063747\rsid9068225\rsid9111004\rsid9119024
\rsid9119885\rsid9127113\rsid9127547\rsid9129459\rsid9132501\rsid9132590\rsid9138844\rsid9182123\rsid9183903\rsid9184557\rsid9187205\rsid9193066\rsid9198475\rsid9199669\rsid9204602\rsid9258873\rsid9323739\rsid9333962\rsid9334598\rsid9336685\rsid9338511
\rsid9373659\rsid9382394\rsid9393446\rsid9398828\rsid9438588\rsid9441318\rsid9456018\rsid9459268\rsid9502900\rsid9508137\rsid9514206\rsid9571086\rsid9572607\rsid9572622\rsid9573076\rsid9587955\rsid9590685\rsid9594626\rsid9597843\rsid9642246\rsid9642618
\rsid9644227\rsid9662841\rsid9664095\rsid9702804\rsid9711302\rsid9724478\rsid9725281\rsid9731181\rsid9765833\rsid9766127\rsid9773154\rsid9787638\rsid9794304\rsid9797137\rsid9834220\rsid9836620\rsid9906214\rsid9912021\rsid9919949\rsid9961691\rsid9967867
\rsid9970764\rsid10045148\rsid10047988\rsid10052819\rsid10054146\rsid10054821\rsid10094454\rsid10095425\rsid10124701\rsid10166997\rsid10175032\rsid10188321\rsid10246150\rsid10247263\rsid10252948\rsid10254901\rsid10255214\rsid10292222\rsid10301449
\rsid10303572\rsid10307030\rsid10309281\rsid10309427\rsid10310185\rsid10321268\rsid10376717\rsid10380368\rsid10429876\rsid10439650\rsid10441477\rsid10442712\rsid10497791\rsid10504293\rsid10506469\rsid10511694\rsid10513011\rsid10551742\rsid10572459
\rsid10617223\rsid10622028\rsid10634259\rsid10641723\rsid10648477\rsid10649538\rsid10689967\rsid10693351\rsid10713161\rsid10780383\rsid10818463\rsid10832443\rsid10833740\rsid10835876\rsid10837747\rsid10839156\rsid10842561\rsid10883214\rsid10906124
\rsid10959272\rsid10960317\rsid10961556\rsid10961733\rsid10963117\rsid10966006\rsid10972808\rsid10976404\rsid10976953\rsid11016663\rsid11021594\rsid11027309\rsid11028917\rsid11036300\rsid11037143\rsid11077743\rsid11084442\rsid11096108\rsid11144521
\rsid11147309\rsid11160823\rsid11161709\rsid11212996\rsid11223748\rsid11228878\rsid11275651\rsid11287214\rsid11293612\rsid11339883\rsid11341870\rsid11343823\rsid11350951\rsid11360452\rsid11364228\rsid11409715\rsid11429157\rsid11431179\rsid11476860
\rsid11481271\rsid11483636\rsid11491288\rsid11497542\rsid11552322\rsid11599993\rsid11601607\rsid11608967\rsid11609445\rsid11623906\rsid11685979\rsid11686376\rsid11688209\rsid11732095\rsid11735740\rsid11736068\rsid11751756\rsid11762844\rsid11805289
\rsid11816227\rsid11818745\rsid11819454\rsid11872781\rsid11884640\rsid11887910\rsid11892698\rsid11938463\rsid11951700\rsid11955905\rsid11993129\rsid11993283\rsid11996416\rsid11998982\rsid12005277\rsid12008984\rsid12009140\rsid12010956\rsid12059389
\rsid12060842\rsid12070754\rsid12070788\rsid12073984\rsid12077048\rsid12077232\rsid12083832\rsid12083949\rsid12087125\rsid12088101\rsid12131719\rsid12132634\rsid12195802\rsid12212943\rsid12217682\rsid12324682\rsid12328351\rsid12341793\rsid12345665
\rsid12387043\rsid12396995\rsid12398383\rsid12400445\rsid12404271\rsid12406411\rsid12417457\rsid12418529\rsid12473335\rsid12473947\rsid12477932\rsid12481781\rsid12484094\rsid12520523\rsid12529524\rsid12534211\rsid12542256\rsid12545119\rsid12589401
\rsid12608342\rsid12609175\rsid12609263\rsid12609884\rsid12613988\rsid12615458\rsid12656307\rsid12666749\rsid12668531\rsid12674706\rsid12676050\rsid12680505\rsid12715707\rsid12726262\rsid12792542\rsid12801064\rsid12801166\rsid12810590\rsid12845954
\rsid12849177\rsid12853474\rsid12869768\rsid12928352\rsid12976491\rsid12981723\rsid12994130\rsid12999004\rsid13007507\rsid13059385\rsid13065120\rsid13066892\rsid13070295\rsid13111225\rsid13113421\rsid13119290\rsid13120598\rsid13130653\rsid13181090
\rsid13183343\rsid13187510\rsid13193051\rsid13193836\rsid13194649\rsid13201066\rsid13202594\rsid13203027\rsid13238500\rsid13246808\rsid13247411\rsid13258334\rsid13309167\rsid13314982\rsid13325807\rsid13384456\rsid13400099\rsid13442697\rsid13442794
\rsid13442907\rsid13454801\rsid13501181\rsid13513956\rsid13515127\rsid13526639\rsid13528599\rsid13532911\rsid13574404\rsid13578061\rsid13579489\rsid13579492\rsid13582114\rsid13582455\rsid13592230\rsid13594733\rsid13647565\rsid13653848\rsid13659725
\rsid13663429\rsid13721404\rsid13724155\rsid13727932\rsid13728918\rsid13772766\rsid13777661\rsid13778537\rsid13782152\rsid13788843\rsid13833970\rsid13845996\rsid13851217\rsid13906183\rsid13919956\rsid13920735\rsid13925022\rsid13963274\rsid13972035
\rsid13974967\rsid13980779\rsid13986180\rsid13988797\rsid14027827\rsid14035886\rsid14041569\rsid14048326\rsid14091199\rsid14092208\rsid14092507\rsid14093539\rsid14102865\rsid14104340\rsid14106978\rsid14113015\rsid14120225\rsid14161258\rsid14162387
\rsid14162996\rsid14163249\rsid14165634\rsid14169669\rsid14171477\rsid14173631\rsid14177467\rsid14178518\rsid14183404\rsid14186013\rsid14226019\rsid14226488\rsid14233735\rsid14235004\rsid14237633\rsid14240555\rsid14252376\rsid14291817\rsid14299459
\rsid14300730\rsid14305803\rsid14313845\rsid14315452\rsid14354039\rsid14354652\rsid14361658\rsid14366682\rsid14378268\rsid14384477\rsid14429350\rsid14442762\rsid14448276\rsid14492815\rsid14505636\rsid14507718\rsid14507933\rsid14513265\rsid14556597
\rsid14561915\rsid14572679\rsid14616449\rsid14617005\rsid14629125\rsid14629706\rsid14681260\rsid14683160\rsid14685397\rsid14698896\rsid14699385\rsid14700971\rsid14765617\rsid14775873\rsid14814482\rsid14815186\rsid14826897\rsid14831125\rsid14832213
\rsid14885595\rsid14888352\rsid14895985\rsid14897338\rsid14948973\rsid14956411\rsid14959651\rsid14968337\rsid14974968\rsid15019544\rsid15032185\rsid15039222\rsid15039429\rsid15079197\rsid15086478\rsid15093811\rsid15094438\rsid15095195\rsid15095714
\rsid15101908\rsid15140342\rsid15147350\rsid15150341\rsid15153218\rsid15161643\rsid15209367\rsid15223554\rsid15236237\rsid15236550\rsid15275370\rsid15278860\rsid15281424\rsid15283316\rsid15286320\rsid15289004\rsid15340839\rsid15346291\rsid15348795
\rsid15355673\rsid15362170\rsid15405413\rsid15417419\rsid15420163\rsid15432891\rsid15467374\rsid15477489\rsid15488449\rsid15497669\rsid15537139\rsid15539538\rsid15540113\rsid15540478\rsid15547749\rsid15549089\rsid15600368\rsid15604631\rsid15610280
\rsid15622834\rsid15628468\rsid15666928\rsid15674885\rsid15686708\rsid15743734\rsid15747231\rsid15751959\rsid15757819\rsid15798362\rsid15805117\rsid15809496\rsid15812078\rsid15813305\rsid15816913\rsid15820388\rsid15821940\rsid15823095\rsid15823466
\rsid15861442\rsid15891773\rsid15892262\rsid15932157\rsid15937549\rsid15938605\rsid15944326\rsid15946574\rsid15948825\rsid15951491\rsid15991313\rsid15995668\rsid16007929\rsid16015851\rsid16057640\rsid16057848\rsid16060243\rsid16062192\rsid16067052
\rsid16068110\rsid16075468\rsid16086038\rsid16122318\rsid16124317\rsid16132762\rsid16137488\rsid16151331\rsid16151523\rsid16205012\rsid16256280\rsid16271685\rsid16274987\rsid16276226\rsid16334568\rsid16344927\rsid16347244\rsid16349463\rsid16390267
\rsid16409655\rsid16410148\rsid16410517\rsid16412932\rsid16455626\rsid16460716\rsid16466632\rsid16475754\rsid16517320\rsid16519518\rsid16521860\rsid16537684\rsid16542832\rsid16584223\rsid16591661\rsid16597767\rsid16603750\rsid16646477\rsid16657000
\rsid16657340\rsid16676218\rsid16676583\rsid16676773\rsid16717671\rsid16718623\rsid16727585}{\mmathPr\mmathFont34\mbrkBin0\mbrkBinSub0\msmallFrac0\mdispDef1\mlMargin0\mrMargin0\mdefJc1\mwrapIndent1440\mintLim0\mnaryLim1}{\info{\author Saleem Marsoof}
{\operator Loraini R A Y. Lumuni}{\creatim\yr2020\mo2\dy20\hr10\min34}{\revtim\yr2020\mo3\dy26\hr9\min32}{\printim\yr2020\mo2\dy20\hr8\min25}{\version4}{\edmins65}{\nofpages43}{\nofwords18037}{\nofchars102816}{\nofcharsws120612}{\vern57433}}
{\*\xmlnstbl {\xmlns1 http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/wordml}}\paperw12240\paperh15840\margl1440\margr1440\margt1134\margb900\gutter0\ltrsect 
\deftab510\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\trackmoves0\trackformatting1\donotembedsysfont1\relyonvml0\donotembedlingdata0\grfdocevents0\validatexml1\showplaceholdtext0\ignoremixedcontent0\saveinvalidxml0\showxmlerrors1
\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1440\dgvorigin1134\dghshow1\dgvshow1
\jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale170\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct
\asianbrkrule\rsidroot13574404\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit\utinl \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 2450}\ilfomacatclnup16{\*\ftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5636536 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10837747 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5636536 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10837747 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5636536 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10837747 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5636536 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10837747 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\psz1\linex0\headery568\footery424\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid10961733\sftnbj {\footerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4869174 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4397570  PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid416507 2}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid547504 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4350349 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4665238 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1135416 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13574404\charrsid13574404 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11688209 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13574404\charrsid13574404 APPELLATE JURISDICTION]
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid13574404 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2980001 Criminal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10839156 Petition No. CA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11688209 V 00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10839156 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11688209  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8022325 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13574404\charrsid13574404 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13574404 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid6124839 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid3108465 On Appeal from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6835352\charrsid3108465 
the Fiji Court of Appeal No. AAU 134}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8022325\charrsid3108465  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14572679\charrsid3108465 of 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3108465\charrsid3108465 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid13574404 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-2835\li2835\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx2268\tx2977\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2835\itap0\pararsid1135416 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4665238 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 BETWEEN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8022325\charrsid1135416 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1135416 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1135416\charrsid1135416 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6835352 AVNIT SINGH}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13574404\charrsid5984438 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx2268\tx2835\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1135416 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8022325\charrsid1135416 Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13574404 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12668531\charrsid13574404 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-2835\li2835\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx2268\tx2835\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2835\itap0\pararsid1135416 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 AND:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1135416 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1135416\charrsid1135416 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6835352 THE STATE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid11688209 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1135416 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 Respondent
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx2268\tx2835\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4350349 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid12668531\charrsid1139529 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4350349 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11688209\charrsid15861442 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx2268\tx2835\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6124839 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 Coram}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid1135416  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs21\insrsid6835352\charrsid1135416 Hon. M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs21\insrsid14897338\charrsid1135416 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs21\insrsid6835352\charrsid1135416 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs21\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416  Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs21\insrsid14897338\charrsid1135416 Saleem Marsoof}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs21\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 , Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs21\insrsid14897338\charrsid1135416 Hon. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs21\insrsid3822766\charrsid1135416 Madam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs21\insrsid12668531\charrsid1135416  Justice}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs21\insrsid14897338\charrsid1135416  Chandra Ekanayake, Judge of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs21\insrsid12668531\charrsid1135416  
\par Hon. Mr. Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs21\insrsid14897338\charrsid1135416  Frank Stock, Judge of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs21\insrsid12668531\charrsid1135416 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\insrsid13574404\charrsid3822766 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\insrsid12668531\charrsid3822766 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1135416  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid416507 Ms. S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid200660\charrsid1135416 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid416507 Nasedra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid200660\charrsid1135416  for the Petitioner
\par Mr. Y. Prasad for the Respondent 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid13574404 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13574404 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 Date of Hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1135416  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16676218\charrsid1135416 17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid12792542\charrsid1135416 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12792542\charrsid1135416  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16676218\charrsid1135416 October 2019}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 
\par 
\par Date of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10641723\charrsid1135416 judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1135416  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12088101\charrsid1135416 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid12088101\charrsid1135416 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12088101\charrsid1135416  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6575533\charrsid1135416 February}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13925022\charrsid1135416  2020}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13574404\charrsid1135416 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4350349 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\ul\insrsid7293785 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\ul\insrsid7761921 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1135416 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\ul\insrsid13574404\charrsid6693631 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1135416 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4350349 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3822766 Marsoof, J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13574404 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7761921 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7147269 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [1]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7147269 I have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7147269\charrsid7147269 had the advantage of reading in draft, the judgments of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16015851 Madam }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1774403 Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7147269\charrsid7147269 Ekanayake}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11228878  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7147269\charrsid7147269 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16015851 Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7147269\charrsid7147269 Stock. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7147269 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12088101\charrsid7147269 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11293612 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [2]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11293612 Apart from the preliminary issue involving the delay in 
lodging this application for leave to appeal, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12849177 here are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13314982 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11293612 our}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13314982  principal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12849177  matters }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 
in regard to which Stock}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16015851  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 
J. disagrees with the reasoning adopted by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16015851  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 
Ekanayake, J in her draft judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11293612 . Those matters involve }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11293612 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 ) the voluntariness of the confession; (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11293612 2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177  {\*\bkmkstart _Hlk23483578}hearsay }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5601520 {\*\bkmkend _Hlk23483578}and recent complaint; (}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11293612 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5601520 ) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2036999 the intent (to commit murder) and (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11293612 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2036999 ) the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11293612 question of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2036999 care warning (cautioning of assessors).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12849177 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx2268\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8592842 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [3]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 To put the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11293612 se }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 matters in context, it would suffice to state that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11028917 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 etitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13066892 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11293612  Avnit Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13066892 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177  was convicted after trial by the High Court of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11805289  Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177  at Lautoka of the murder of one Bal Krishna, after the learned High Court Judge by his judgment dated 16th September 2014, overturned the unanimous opinion of the assessors that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11028917 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 etitioner was not guilty of the crime. Upon conviction, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11028917 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 etitioner was sentenced to life imprisonment with a non-parole period of 20 years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12849177\charrsid4665238 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4665238 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [4]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 Having said that by way of introduction, I shall proceed to examine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1986804 , albeit briefly,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1324999  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12849177\charrsid12849177 matters with respect to which my judicial colleagues are at variance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8748330 .
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4665238 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1986804\charrsid1986804 The Time Factor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1986804 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4665238\charrsid1986804 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8748330\charrsid8748330 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [5]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8748330\charrsid8748330 Enlargement of time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11993129  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8748330\charrsid8748330 is an essential pre-requisite for this Court to consider any application for leave to appeal against a final decision of the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8927337 filed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8748330\charrsid8748330 
outside the time period prescribed for the filing of such applications. If the Court grants enlargement of time, the application for leave to appeal will be considered as if the application has been timely. If enlargement of time is refused, the applicati
on for leave to appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15951491 must necessarily }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8748330\charrsid8748330 be refused for being out of time.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8748330\charrsid620957 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid620957\charrsid8748330 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14235004 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [6]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14235004 It would appear }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14235004\charrsid14235004 that while being detained at the Suva Correction Center, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11028917 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14235004\charrsid14235004 etitioner had sought to appeal against the judgment of the Court of Appeal dated 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid14235004\charrsid14235004 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14235004\charrsid14235004  October, 2018, 
through an informal document which had been lodged in the Registry of this Court on 22}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid14235004\charrsid14235004 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14235004\charrsid14235004  November 2018 after the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7762362 forty-two day}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14235004\charrsid14235004  period for the filing of applications for leave to appeal had lapsed.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid290222 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13181090 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1774403 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [7]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1774403 Madam Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222 
Ekanayake, having considered the above facts in the light of the relevant authorities, has come to the conclusion that enlargement of time should be refused as the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11028917 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222 etitioner\rquote s application has been filed out of time, nevertheless proceeded to consider the application of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11028917 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222 
etitioner for leave to appeal, and decided to refuse his application for leave to appeal on the basis that the threshold criteria for the grant of leave enumerated in section 7(2) of the Supreme Court Act, 1998, have not been met. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid290222\charrsid13181090 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13181090 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1774403 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [8]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1774403 Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222 Stock,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1774403  on the other hand,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222  has taken the view that since the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11028917 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222 etitioner\rquote s application }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4340608 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7171392 as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4340608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222 delayed by only 7 days,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8196411  there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222 was no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4665238  s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222 ubstantial delay and th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11293612 at for the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4665238  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11293612 reasons outlined in his judgment, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1648288 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2116624 p}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1648288 etitioner\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222  application for leave to appeal must be considered. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11293612 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222 e has also pointed out that there was a Suva Correction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7762362 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222  Centre }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1324999 date}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222  stamp bearing the date of 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid7762362\charrsid7762362 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7762362  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222 October 2018 on the typewritten application submitted by the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2116624 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222 etitioner, which would confirm the position that the delay in sending the petition to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1774403 Registry of the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222 ourt for filing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1774403 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222  was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4665238  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1648288 occasioned by an administrative lapse for which the Petitioner cannot be blamed. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid290222\charrsid290222  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4544573\charrsid2510532 In these circumstances,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4665238  I hold that the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12656307\charrsid2510532 period of delay is not too long, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4665238 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4544573\charrsid2510532 
the usual leniency that is shown by this Court to incarcerated prisoners}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid7762362 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7762362 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid7762362 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7762362  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid7762362 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid7762362\charrsid7762362 , Lal v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid7762362\charrsid7762362 
 [2017] FJSC 20; CAV0036-0037 0039.2016 (20 July 2017, paragraph [23]; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid7762362\charrsid7762362 Tawatatau v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid7762362\charrsid7762362  [2018] FJSC 2; CAV008.2017 (26 April 2018), paragraphs [26] and 27; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid393988  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid7762362\charrsid7762362 Dass v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid7762362\charrsid7762362 
 [2018] FJSC 28; CAV0014.2018 (2 November 2018), paragraph [18]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid393988 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4544573\charrsid2510532  may be extended to the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2116624 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4544573\charrsid2510532 etitioner as well. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13187510 I have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4665238  therefore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13187510  no hesitation in agreeing with Stock}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228878 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13187510  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228878 J. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13187510 that enlargement of time must be granted.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2510532\charrsid7761921 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7761921\charrsid2510532 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2569889\charrsid2569889 Grant of Leave to Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2510532 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7761921\charrsid2569889 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2569889\charrsid2569889 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [9]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2569889\charrsid2569889 
It is incumbent therefore for me to consider whether leave to appeal from the impugned judgment of the Court of Appeal should be allowed i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3874384 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2569889\charrsid2569889  all the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13187510  circumstances}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2569889\charrsid2569889  of this case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9333962  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842\charrsid2569889 In my opinion, grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842  (1), (2) and (4)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8592842\charrsid2569889  urged on behalf of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842\charrsid7081387 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842\charrsid2569889 etitioner for th
e grant of leave to appeal involve substantial questions of principle affecting the administration of criminal justice, and the failure to consider them on appeal would give rise to substantial and grave injustice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8592842 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842\charrsid2569889 I would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842 therefore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8592842\charrsid2569889 respectfully agree with his Lordship Justice Stock that this is an appropriate case for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842 allowing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8592842\charrsid2569889 the application for leave to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8592842  As regards }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842\charrsid9333962 ground (3) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4990362 advanced by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842\charrsid9333962 the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4990362  for seeking leave to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842 , I am of the opinion that this ground is not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8592842\charrsid9333962  worthy of further consideration}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842  by this Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8592842\charrsid9333962 
 since the evidence of Sergeant Anoop and the alleged laxity of the investigations do not raise any substantial questions which meet the threshold criteria for the grant of leave to appeal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8592842\charrsid9333962 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8592842\charrsid8592842 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8592842\charrsid8592842 Voluntariness of the Confession
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8592842\charrsid8592842 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8592842 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [10]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8592842 By g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8592842\charrsid8592842 round (1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8592842 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8592842\charrsid8592842 the petitioner seeks to raise the issue }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12132634 as to whether the Court of Appeal erred {\*\bkmkstart _Hlk31436544}in holding that the learned trial judge had not misdirected himself in respect of the admissibility, truthfulness and }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8592842\charrsid8592842 voluntariness of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12132634 the petitioner\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8592842\charrsid8592842  confession }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12132634 {\*\bkmkend _Hlk31436544}
when in fact the trial judge had misdirected himself by failing to consider the evidence of Sunita Devi elicited at the trial in cross-examination. It is indeed noteworthy that t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 
he twin basis on which the conviction was sought to be supported by leaned Counsel for the Respondent at the hearing before this Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14442762  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 were the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14826897\charrsid4619632 testimony of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14826897  the petitioner\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14826897\charrsid14826897 de facto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14826897  wife}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14826897\charrsid4619632 
 Sunita Devi, who had impressed the trial judge as a truthful witness as observed by him in paragraph 12 of his judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14826897 , and the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14826897\charrsid4619632  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 confession alleged to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14826897 have been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 made by the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14826897  in the course of his caution interview}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11735740 
, on which the learned trial judge had greatly relied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11735740\charrsid11735740 
in finding the petitioner guilty despite certain admissions made by Sunita Devi in the course of her cross-examination which raise doubts about the voluntariness of the petitioner's confession.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4619632\charrsid4619632 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4619632 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4619632 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [11]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4619632 In this context, it is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 most material}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4619632  to note that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 Sunita Devi did not testify at the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632  hearing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid603475 relating to the petitioner
\rquote s confession, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid603475 did so }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 
at the murder trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid603475  as a prosecution witness.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid603475 
When she was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 cross-examin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid603475 ed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 by }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5516945 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 learned Counsel for the petitioner, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid603475 she }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 admitted that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid603475 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4348220\charrsid4619632 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid603475  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid603475\charrsid4619632 saw the petitioner being assaulted by police officers in the Crime Room}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid603475 
 of Namaka police station for about 2 to 3 minutes, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid292697 and that she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid603475 asked }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8399940 the p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid292697 olice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8399940 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid292697 fficers not to do it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8399940  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid17359 She }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7035118 also stated }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid17359 that w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid292697 hen they were at Lautoka police station she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid603475 requested }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid292697 the petitioner to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1577117 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid292697 admit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11160823 
 to Police}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7035118  so that they will stop beating him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1577117 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7035118  and further she instructed him to say that he got angry when he got to know that the deceased was touching her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8399940  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4348220\charrsid14826897 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8399940 unita Devi also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4348220\charrsid14826897 admitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626  in cross-examination}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4348220\charrsid14826897  that she}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1577117  asked the petitioner to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4348220\charrsid14826897  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid603475 disclose }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4348220\charrsid14826897 these things to the police on the instructions of the police}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8399940 . It is significant that when eventually the petitioner was taken to the Rakiraki police station, he admitted in the course of his caution interview that }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4348220\charrsid14826897 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8399940 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5516945 ad st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13772766 ruck}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5516945  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8399940 the deceased on the head with an axe. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4348220\charrsid14826897  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16455626\charrsid16455626 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [12]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid16455626 As Stock}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9594626 , J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid16455626 
 points out, it is trite law that the mere fact that the confession of the petitioner was ruled admissible by the trial judge on the evidence presented at the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid16455626 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid16455626 
 (at which Sunita Devi did not testify) does not relieve the trial judge from the duty of revisiting the question of the voluntariness of the confession when fresh testimony surfaces later on at the trial which cast doubts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9127547 regarding the voluntariness of the confession. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid14826897 
As was observed by the Privy Council in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid14826897 Wong Kam-Ming v The Queen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid14826897 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid16455626 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16455626 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid16455626 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16455626  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid16455626\charrsid475065 Wong Kam-Ming v The Queen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid16455626  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid16455626 [1980] AC 247 at 261.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid14826897 
 - 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx426\tx1276\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid1973806 \'93The basic control over admissibility of statement are found in the evidential rule that an admission must be voluntary i.e. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid13986180 not obtained through violence, fear or prejudice, oppression, threats and promises or other improper inducements}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid1973806 . See decision of Lord Sumner in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid13986180 Ibrahim v. R}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid13986180 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16455626 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid16455626 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16455626  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid16455626\charrsid13986180 Ibrahim v. R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid16455626\charrsid13986180  (1914-15) AER 874 at 877}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid16455626 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid1973806 . It is to the evidence that the court must turn for an answer to the voluntariness of the confessions.\'94(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid13986180 emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid1973806 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1276\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16455626\charrsid1973806 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6248070\charrsid9258873 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [13]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6248070\charrsid9258873 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6248070\charrsid9258873 Tuilagi v State,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid6248070 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid6248070 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6248070  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 Tuilagi v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 
 [2018] FJSC 3; CAV0013.2017 (26 April 2018)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid6248070 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6248070\charrsid9258873  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6313885 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid9258873 luwihare}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6313885 , J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid9258873  outlined the law applicable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8654693  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid9258873 in Fiji in the following }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9970764 words}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9258873\charrsid9258873 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9258873 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid9258873 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid9258873\charrsid3437850  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9258873\charrsid3437850 Ibid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9258873 ., at paragraphs [39] and [40], with Anthony Gates, P. and Saleem Marsoof, J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid3437850 . concurring.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9258873 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9258873\charrsid9258873 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9258873 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 
The fundamental condition in deciding the admissibility of a confession is that the statement made by the accused shall have been made voluntarily and in the sense that it has not been obtained from him by fear of prejudice or hope of advantage exercised 
or held out by a person in authority or by oppression. As held in the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 State v Mool Chand Lal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6248070 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid6248070 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid6248070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6248070  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 State v Mool Chand Lal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 (1999 Labasa High Court)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid6248070 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6248070  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 oppression is anything that tends to sap and has sapped that free will that must exist before a confession is recorded.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6248070 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8654693\charrsid6248070 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 As regards the standard of proof, the prosecution must prove the voluntariness beyond reasonable doubt. As held in the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 R v Sartiori}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9258873 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid9258873 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9258873  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9258873\charrsid6248070 R v Sartiori}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9258873\charrsid6248070  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9258873\charrsid6248070 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9258873\charrsid6248070 1961 Crim. L. Rev.397)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9258873 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 if the judge is in doubt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid9594626 
as to whether the confession was made under the influence of any improper inducement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 he will reject the confession. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 This position has been reiterated in the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070 Ganga Ram and Shiv Charan v Regina}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9258873 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9258873 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid9258873 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9258873  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9258873\charrsid6248070 Ganga Ram and Shiv Charan v Regina}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9258873\charrsid6248070  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9258873\charrsid6248070 (Criminal Appeal 46 of 1983)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9258873 . }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9258873 \'94(}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9258873\charrsid9258873 emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9258873 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6248070\charrsid6248070  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6248070 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8654693\charrsid6248070 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15743734\charrsid15101908 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [14]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15743734\charrsid15101908 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13906183\charrsid15101908 n these circumstances, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3880481 I regret that I am unable to agree with the views expressed by Ekanayake J regarding the admissibility of the confession. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13906183\charrsid15101908 I am inclined to agree with the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15743734\charrsid15101908  opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13906183\charrsid15101908  expressed by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15743734\charrsid15101908 Stock}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6313885\charrsid15101908 , J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15743734\charrsid15101908  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1442228\charrsid15101908 the learned trial judge had a duty to review the question of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15743734\charrsid15101908 voluntariness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1442228\charrsid15101908  of the confession }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15743734\charrsid15101908 even though}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1442228\charrsid15101908  he was}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15743734\charrsid15101908  not invited to do so by counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9204602 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid2232231 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid2232231 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2232231  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2232231\charrsid2232231 See, paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10842561 s 117 to 120}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2232231\charrsid2232231  of the judgment of Stock J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2232231  }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1442228\charrsid15101908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3880481 I am of the opinion that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1442228\charrsid15101908 Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16205012 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1442228\charrsid15101908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16205012 as much as the trial judge, has erred }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1442228\charrsid15101908 in its impugned judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3880481  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3880481\charrsid3880481 in holding that the learned trial judge had not misdirected himself in respect of the admissibility}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16205012  of the petiti}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3880481\charrsid3880481 oner\rquote s confession}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1442228\charrsid15101908 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15420163\charrsid15101908  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5201181\charrsid15101908 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15101908\charrsid15101908 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5201181\charrsid5201181 Reliability of the Testimony of Sunita Devi
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5201181 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5201181\charrsid6313885 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [15]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5201181\charrsid6313885 Ground (2) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13906183\charrsid6313885 relied upon by the petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885  that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885 Court of Appeal erred in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6313885\charrsid6313885 holding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885 that the learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6313885\charrsid6313885 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885 rial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6313885\charrsid6313885 j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885 udge was correct in stating in his }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6313885\charrsid6313885 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885 umming }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6313885\charrsid6313885 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885 p and his judgment that Sunita Devi was not an accomplice and further stating that there was no need to look for independent corroboration}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6313885\charrsid6313885 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885  when her evidence also required a warning as to the danger of convicting upon it unless confirmed by evidence from some other source}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8200443 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6313885\charrsid6313885 the trial judge\rquote s }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885 failure to properly warn himself}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6313885\charrsid6313885  and the assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885  of the said danger }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6313885\charrsid6313885 resulted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885 in a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6313885\charrsid6313885  substantial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12083832\charrsid6313885 and grave miscarriage of justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6313885\charrsid6313885 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5321445\charrsid8200443 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443\charrsid9594626 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8200443\charrsid5321445 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [16]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443\charrsid5321445 The material }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3475398 evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443\charrsid5321445  ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3475398 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443\charrsid5321445 been exhaustively dealt with by Ekanayake}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443 , J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443\charrsid5321445  and Stock}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443 , J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443\charrsid5321445  in their judgments, and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6034648  it is unnecessary for me to refer to them in detail. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443\charrsid5321445 my opinion, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6034648 the conspectus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3475398  that raise }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443\charrsid5321445 questions regarding the reliability of the evidence of Sunita Devi }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3475398 
consist of her arrest and prosecution w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443\charrsid5321445 ith the petitioner and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3475398  the subsequent grant of immunity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2428848 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3475398  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2428848 her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3475398 
testimony}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2428848  at the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3475398  as witness for the prosecution. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443 Although the Court of Appeal took the view, very properly, that Sunita Devi was not an accomplice in a technical sense, it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443\charrsid5321445 is noteworthy that the circumstances of the immunity granted to Sunita Devi and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8200443 
the possibility that she might have had an interest of her own to protect, did require some amount of caution to be exercised.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15281424 
 As this Court was constrained to observe in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15281424\charrsid15281424 Mudaliar v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid15281424\charrsid15281424 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid15281424 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15281424  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15281424\charrsid15281424 Mudaliar v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15281424\charrsid15281424  [2008] FJSC 25; CAV0001.2007 (17 October 2008)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15281424  paragraph 70.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15281424 , which was a case of abortion related death- }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15948825 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 \'93
The trial judge did remind the assessors that Abhikesh had been granted immunity from prosecution. He told them that this related to his possibly having been implicated in the abortion itself. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 What he failed to do was to explain to the assessors precisely why Abhikesh\rquote s evidence may have been tainted by an improper motive.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825  That is a fundamental aspect of any accomplice warning, but it applies with equal force to those cases in which, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 
though technically an accomplice warning is not required, a warning closely analogous thereto should be given}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 .\'94 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 
\par  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2428848 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [17]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2428848 The same observation applies in the circumstances of this case. In the context of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4729851\charrsid15948825 the special }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2428848 features of th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4729851\charrsid15948825 is case, particularly the immunity given to Sunita Devi and her possible motivations, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9594626\charrsid15948825 it was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4729851\charrsid15948825  in my opinion,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9594626\charrsid15948825  incumbent upon the learned trial judge to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4729851\charrsid15948825 {\*\bkmkstart _Hlk29877038}
direct the assessors and himself {\*\bkmkend _Hlk29877038}about the need}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3475398  to treat her testimony under immunity with caution. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16410517\charrsid15948825 It is remarkable that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 even in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16410517\charrsid15948825 the absence of such a care warning, the assessors were unanimously of the opinion that the petitioner was not guilty of murder,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825  which opinion the trial judge overturned by his judgment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2428848 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2428848 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3475398 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [18]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3475398 I am of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 opinion }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3475398 that t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 he trial judge misdirected himself in relying in his judgment }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6322644 entirely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6322644 testimony }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 of Sunita Devi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6322644  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10292222 despite the existence of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6322644 circumstances that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10292222 might have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6322644 made her evidence unreliable including the matters }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 
highlighted in paragraph 11 of this judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6322644 which also raise doubts about the voluntariness of the pe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825 titioner\rquote s confession}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6322644 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15948825\charrsid15948825  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2428848 I agree with Stock, J. that that the Court of Appeal erred in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2707571 overlooking }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2428848 the need for a care warning.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid2232231 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid2232231 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2232231  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2232231\charrsid2232231 See, paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid12615458 s 148 to 152 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2232231\charrsid2232231 of the judgment of Stock J.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid12976491 The Duty to Give}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069  Cogent}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid12976491  Reasons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2255492 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [19]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2255492 G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid8794069 round (4)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2255492  urged by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid8794069 the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2255492  is that the Court of Appeal erred in fact and in law in disregarding the trial judge\rquote s failure to give cogent reasons in his judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5734104 as required by section 237(4) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5734104\charrsid8794069 of the Criminal Procedure Decree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5734104 
 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5734104\charrsid8794069  2009}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5734104  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2255492 
for overturning the unanimous opinion of the assessors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5734104 that the petitioner was not guilty of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2255492 charge laid against}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5734104  him.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid5734104  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069\charrsid8794069 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [20]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid8794069 
It is significant to note that the Criminal Procedure Decree of 2009 provides that the trial judge \'93shall not be bound to conform to the opinions of the assessors\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid8794069 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8794069 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid8794069 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid8794069 Section 237(2) of the Criminal Procedure Decree of 2009.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid8794069 
 and further provides that when the judge does not agree with the majority opinion of the assessors, the judge shall give }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid8794069 
reasons for differing with the majority opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid8794069 , which shall be in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12845954\charrsid8794069 writing and pronounced}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid8794069  in open court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid8794069 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8794069 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid8794069 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid6645006 Ibid.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid8794069 , s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid6645006 ection 237(4)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid8794069 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid8794069  Sub-section (5) of section 237 specifically provides that-}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8076828 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8076828 
\par \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8076828\charrsid1451523 (5) In every such case the judge\rquote s summing up and the decision of the court together with (where appropriate) }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8076828\charrsid14831125 the judge\rquote s reasons for differing with the majority opinion of the assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8076828\charrsid1451523 , shall collectively be deemed to be the judgment of the court for the all purposes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8076828 \'94 }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8076828\charrsid14831125 (emphasis added)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8076828\charrsid12976491 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8076828 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [21]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828 These provisions and similar provisions in prior enactments}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid8794069 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8794069 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid8794069 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid8794069 See, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid1313344 Section 84 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069 Criminal Procedure }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid1313344 Ordinance of 1875}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069  and section }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid7489683 299(2) of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069  Criminal Procedure Code, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid7489683  Chapter 21}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828 
 have been examined by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11350951 our courts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828 in several important judgments, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11350951 it has been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828 observed that the trial judge must have \'93very good reasons\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid8794069 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8794069 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid8794069 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid744832 Ram Lal v Regina }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid744832 (Criminal Appeal No 3 of 1958)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828  for differing from the assessors. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828 
Ram Bali v Regina}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid8794069\charrsid12477932 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8794069 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid8794069 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid744832 Ram Bali v Regina}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069 (1960) 7 FLR 80.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid8794069  }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid12477932  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11350951 it was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828 
emphasised that the trial judge should proceed on \'93cogent and carefully reasoned grounds based on the evidence before him and his views as to credibility of witnesses and other relevant considerations\'94
. This latter case went up on appeal to the Privy Council, which observed that the trial judge was taking \'93a strong course\'94
 by differing from the unanimous opinion of the assessors, but concluded that his decision was justifiable because it was based upon his own \'93emphatic conclusions in regard to the evidence\'94. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828 Shiu Prasad v Regina,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid8794069 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8794069 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid8794069 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid334174 Shiu Prasad v Regina}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid334174  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid6645006 (1972) 19 FLR 68 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069 page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid6645006 71}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069 .}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828 Rokopeta v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid8794069\charrsid334174 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8794069 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid8794069 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid8794069\charrsid8546211 
Rokopeta v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069\charrsid8546211  [2016] FJSC 33; CAV0009, 0016, 0018, 0019.2016 (26 August 2016)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid8794069  at paragraph 60.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828 Likunitoga v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid8794069\charrsid334174 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8794069 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid8794069 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid334174 Likunitoga v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid334174  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid334174 [2018] FJSC 26; CAV0005.2018 (1 November 2018)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8794069  at paragraph 50.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794069\charrsid8076828  it was reiterated that the judge must have \'93cogent reasons\'94 for differing from the assessors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7364201\charrsid15604631 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15604631\charrsid15604631 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8679566 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [22]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8679566 The requirement that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2760169 
a trial judge who has {\*\bkmkstart _Hlk31384999}reasons }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8679566\charrsid8679566 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2760169  to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8679566\charrsid8679566  agree with the majority opinion of the assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2760169  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8679566 should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2760169 
pronounce his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8679566\charrsid8679566  reasons for differing with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2760169 such }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8679566\charrsid8679566 opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid2760169 {\*\bkmkend _Hlk31384999}\chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid2760169 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2760169  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2760169 See, section 237(4)(b) of the Criminal Procedure Decree of 2009.}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8679566  is a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3228122  fundamental}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8679566  safeguard that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8069783 ensures}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2760169  that justice is done in every case according to law. The objective of such a requirement is to explain to the assessors, the prosecution and the accused as well as to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9199669 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2760169 society at large, the reasons for the decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9199669 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2760169  so that the social conscience can rest in the knowledge that justice was done.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9199669  Candid reasons set out in the judgment of the trial judge, can be of great assistance when an appellate court is called upon to review the decision }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14102865 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9199669 n appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8069783  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15604631\charrsid7364201 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7364201 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069\charrsid7364201 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [23]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid7364201 In the course of its judgment in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid7364201 {\*\bkmkstart _Hlk31353495}Ram v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid334174 {\*\bkmkend _Hlk31353495}\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8794069 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid8794069 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid334174 Ram v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8794069\charrsid14240555  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid8794069\charrsid14240555 [2012] FJSC 12; CAV0001.2011 (9 May 2012) at paragraph 80.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8794069\charrsid7364201  this Court succinctly described the role of the trial judge as well as the supervisory function of the appellate court in the following words-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 \'93A trial judge's decision to differ from, or affirm, the opinion of the assessors necessarily involves }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 an evaluation of the entirety of the evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 
 led at the trial including the agreed facts, and so does the decision of the Court of Appeal where the soundness of the trial judge's decision is challenged by way of appeal as in the instant case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 independently assessing the evidence in the case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 it is necessary for a trial judge or appellate court to be satisfied that the ultimate verdict is supported by the evidence and is not perverse. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 The function of the Court of Appeal or even this Court in evaluating the evidence and making an independent assessment thereof, is }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 essentially of a supervisory nature}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 
, and an appellate court will not set aside a verdict of a lower court unless the verdict is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 
unsafe and dangerous having regard to the totality of evidence in the case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 .\'94(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570\charrsid8659038 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1867570 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867570\charrsid7283469 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [24]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1867570\charrsid7283469 
It is always necessary to bear in mind that the function of this Court, as well as the Court of Appeal, in evaluating the entirety of the evidence led at the trial and making an independent assessment thereof}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16007929\charrsid7283469 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1867570\charrsid7283469  is of a supervisory nature. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15995668\charrsid7283469 Unlike in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15995668\charrsid7283469 Ram v State,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid13653848\charrsid13653848 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid13653848 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13653848  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid13653848\charrsid13653848 Ram v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid4803932  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid13653848\charrsid13653848 State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid13653848 , supra}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid3606782 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid13653848  }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13653848\charrsid7283469  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13653848\charrsid7283469 where this Court quash}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11552322\charrsid7283469 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13653848\charrsid7283469  the conviction and acquit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11552322\charrsid7283469 ted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13653848\charrsid7283469  the accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12801064\charrsid7283469  on the basis that on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13653848\charrsid7283469 whole of the evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12801064\charrsid7283469  led}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13653848\charrsid7283469  in th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7231034\charrsid7283469 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13653848\charrsid7283469  case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12801064\charrsid7283469 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13653848\charrsid7283469 it was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13653848\charrsid7283469 not open for a judge sitting with assessors to be satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that the accused was guilty of murder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12801064\charrsid7283469 \'94,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid12801064 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid12801064 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12801064  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid12801064 Ibid., paragraph 85.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12801064\charrsid7283469  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7231034\charrsid7283469 
in the instant case, this Court is confronted with the difficulty }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7231034\charrsid7283469 that the learned trial judge has not dealt with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11599993\charrsid7283469  some }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7231034\charrsid7283469 material questions that ar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11599993\charrsid7283469 ise}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7231034\charrsid7283469  in the case with sufficient c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11476860\charrsid7283469 ogency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1867570\charrsid7283469 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15039222\charrsid7283469 particularly in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7231034\charrsid7283469 
 regard to the matters already discussed in this judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8659038\charrsid7283469 pertaining to (1) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8659038\charrsid7283469 the volun
tariness of the petitioner\rquote s confession}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8659038\charrsid7283469  and (2) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7231034\charrsid7283469  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8659038\charrsid7283469 the reliability of the testimony of Sun}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2165914\charrsid7283469 ita Devi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2165914\charrsid7283469 
, and a few other matters highlighted by Stock, J. under the headings \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2165914\charrsid7283469 hearsay and recent complaint}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2165914\charrsid7283469 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid4803932\charrsid16007929 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4803932 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid4803932 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4803932  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4803932 See, paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid1261664 s 126 to 135}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4803932  of the judgment of Stock J.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2165914\charrsid7283469  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11599993\charrsid7283469 and \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11599993\charrsid7283469 Intent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16007929\charrsid7283469 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11599993\charrsid7283469 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid4803932 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid4803932 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4803932  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4803932 See, paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14093539 s 138 to 145 }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4803932 of the judgment of Stock J.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1867570\charrsid7283469  In other words,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9766127\charrsid7283469  apart from the non-directions and mis-directions adverted to already,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1867570\charrsid7283469  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5400315\charrsid7283469 learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1867570\charrsid7283469 trial judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14888352\charrsid7283469 has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7283469 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5400315\charrsid7283469  f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7283469\charrsid7283469 allen into error }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10301449\charrsid7283469 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7283469\charrsid7283469 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10047988  effective}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7283469\charrsid7283469  discharge of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10301449\charrsid7283469 his duty of independently }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7283469\charrsid7283469 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14888352\charrsid7283469 valuati}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5400315\charrsid7283469 ng}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14888352\charrsid7283469  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7283469\charrsid7283469 and assessing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12613988\charrsid7283469 the evidence led in the High Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10301449\charrsid7283469  in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7283469  the course of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10301449\charrsid7283469  his judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7283469 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7283469\charrsid7283469  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988\charrsid7283469 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7283469\charrsid7283469 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12613988 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [25]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12613988 I am}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11552322  therefore}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12613988  of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14354652 opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12613988  that the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988\charrsid12613988 has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7283469 in all the circumstances of this case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988\charrsid12613988 failed to discharge its supervisory function of considering carefully whether the trial judge had adequately complied with his {\*\bkmkstart _Hlk31384764}
statutory duty imposed by section 237(4) of the Criminal Procedure Decree.{\*\bkmkend _Hlk31384764} Though an appellate court such
 as the Court of Appeal and this Court does not have the advantage of seeing the witnesses testify so as to appreciate their demeano}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11601607 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988\charrsid12613988 r, it is evident on the available evidence that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11601607  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988\charrsid12613988 trial judge had failed to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3935948  effectiv}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10047988 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3935948  discharge his statutory duty of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988\charrsid12613988  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11601607 evaluat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3935948 ion and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988\charrsid12613988 independent assess}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3935948 ment of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988\charrsid12613988  the evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3935948 when }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14354652 differing with the unanimous opinion of the assessors that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988\charrsid12613988 the petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14354652 is not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988\charrsid12613988 guilty of murder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11601607 , and the Court of Appeal erred in affirming the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3935948 said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11601607 decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3935948 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988\charrsid12613988  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988 Should the conviction be set aside?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988\charrsid12613988 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12613988 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2771241 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [26]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2771241 In the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2707571 se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2771241  circumstances, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7544042 it is necessary to consider }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13592230 whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12400445\charrsid12400445 
the decision of the trial judge to convict the petitioner should be affirmed for the reasons provided by Madam Justice Ekanayake, or in the alternative, the conviction should be set-aside as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12400445 
opined }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12400445\charrsid12400445 by his Justice Stock and remitted to the High Court for re-trial. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4803932\charrsid4803932 In this connection, it is pertinent to note that while the Court of Appeal did not have occasion to consider the proviso to section 23(1) of the Court of Appeal Act,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\super\langnp1033\insrsid4803932 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2232231 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid4803932 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4803932  Section 23(1) of the Court of Appeal Act, Cap 12 (1978 Ed). }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4803932\charrsid4803932 
 and Madam Justice Ekanayake did not therefore have to consider the proviso in her judgement, his Lordship Justice Stock has expressed the view that this is not an appropriate case to apply the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9766127 proviso}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4803932\charrsid4803932 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4803932 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4803932 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4803932\charrsid4803932 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [27]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4803932\charrsid4803932 Section 23(1) of the Court of Appeal Act }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14120225 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4803932\charrsid4803932 provides that the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4803932 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4803932\charrsid4803932 shall allow the appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4803932 \'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4803932\charrsid4803932 if it finds that \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4803932\charrsid92820 the verdict should be set aside on the ground that it is unreasonable or cannot be supported having regard to the evidence or that t
he judgment of the court before whom the appellant was convicted should be set aside on the ground of a wrong decision of any question of law or that on any ground there was a miscarriage of justice,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2392024\charrsid92820  and in any other case shall dismiss the appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2392024\charrsid2392024 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4803932\charrsid4803932 \'94 goes on
 to enact }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4803932\charrsid14120225 an exception}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4803932\charrsid4803932  in the form of the following proviso: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14120225 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14120225 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14120225\charrsid14120225 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14120225\charrsid14120225 Provided that the Court may}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14120225\charrsid14120225 , notwithstanding that they are of opinion that the point raised in the appeal might be decided in favour of the appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14120225\charrsid14120225 
, dismiss the appeal if they consider that no substantial miscarriage of justice has occurred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14120225\charrsid14120225 .\'94(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14120225\charrsid14120225 emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14120225\charrsid14120225 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14120225 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10963117 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1451117\charrsid8390979 The proviso to section 23(1) enables an appellate court such as the Court of Appeal and this Court when it sits in appeal, to dismiss the appeal notwithstandi
ng that a point raised in the appeal might be decided in favour of the appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1451117\charrsid8390979 if the Court considers that no substantial miscarriage of justice has occurred. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid92820 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid92820\charrsid92820 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid92820 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [28]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid92820 I have given this matter careful consideration, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1714189 in the backdrop that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1714189\charrsid1714189 the Court of Appeal erred in fact and in law in not taking into consideration the trial judge\rquote 
s failure to properly evaluate the evidence of Sunita Devi regarding the voluntariness of the petitioner\rquote s confession, his failure to caution the assessors and himself regarding pos
sibility that she might have had some interest of her own to protect when testifying at the trial upon immunity from prosecution, and his failure to give cogent reasons in his judgment for overturning the unanimous opinion of the assessors on the charge l
aid against the petitioner, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1714189 every one of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1714189\charrsid1714189 which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1714189 
 circumstance,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1714189\charrsid1714189  in turn caused a substantial and grave miscarriage of justice against the petitioner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1714189  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid92820\charrsid1714189 I have no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1714189  hesitation in agreeing with Stock, J. that this is not a proper case to apply the proviso to section
 23(1) of the Court of Appeal Act.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1714189 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1714189\charrsid16205012 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [29]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1714189\charrsid16205012 
For all these reasons, I agree with Stock, J. that the impugned judgment of the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6575533\charrsid16205012 should be set aside }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1714189\charrsid16205012 and the conviction of the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6575533\charrsid16205012  be quashed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236237\charrsid16205012  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236237 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10963117 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15236237\charrsid15236237 Conclusions
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1714189 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15236237 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [30]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15236237 In the result, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236237\charrsid15236237 I would}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6575533  grant enlargement of time,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15236237\charrsid15236237  allow the appeal, set aside the judgment of the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6575533 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15147350 quash}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236237\charrsid15236237  the petitioner\rquote s conviction for murder }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961691 rendered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15147350  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236237\charrsid15236237 by the judgment dated 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid5665276\charrsid5665276 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15236237\charrsid15236237  September 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6575533  and set aside the sentence imposed by the High Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236237\charrsid15236237 . I}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236237 n all the circumstances of this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15147350 , I would order retrial, at the discretion of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15147350\charrsid15147350 Director of Public Prosecutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15147350 , with any amendment to the charge as may be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6575533  considered}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15147350  appropriate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6575533  by the Director of Public Prosecutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15147350\charrsid15147350 . }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16521860 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid620957 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid16521860\charrsid2435314 Ekanayake, J
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid620957 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16521860\charrsid13181090 Introduction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16521860 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12666749\charrsid13181090 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16124317\charrsid16521860 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [31]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16124317\charrsid16521860 Being aggrieved by the decision of the Court of Appeal dated 4/10/20}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3820776\charrsid16521860 18}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16124317\charrsid16521860  t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6835352\charrsid16521860 he Petition}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16124317\charrsid16521860 er by his document}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6835352\charrsid16521860  dated 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid6835352\charrsid16521860 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6835352\charrsid16521860  October, 2018 addressed to the Registrar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16124317\charrsid16521860 
 of Supreme Court of Fiji (which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6835352\charrsid16521860  appears to have been received by the Registry on 22}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid6835352\charrsid16521860 nd}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6835352\charrsid16521860  November}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3820776\charrsid16521860  2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16124317\charrsid16521860 )}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6835352\charrsid16521860 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16124317\charrsid16521860  has sought }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3820776\charrsid16521860 
leave from this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547504\charrsid16521860 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2445307\charrsid16521860 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9514206\charrsid16521860 
 against conviction and sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1784635\charrsid16521860 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2445307\charrsid16521860 
 and to set aside the order of dismissal of the appeals against conviction and sentence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14699385\charrsid16521860  He had been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6770934\charrsid16521860 convicted for the offence of murder and sentenced to life imprisonmen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14699385\charrsid16521860 t by the learned High Court Judge.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16521860 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16521860 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14162387\charrsid14162387 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [32]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14162387\charrsid14162387 
By an amended petition of the petitioner dated 12/8/2019 together with a supporting affidavit of 13/08/2019 (received by the Registry on 13/8/2019), the petitioner has sought special leave to appeal against conviction and sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14162387 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16521860 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14162387 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1246467\charrsid1246467 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [33]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1246467\charrsid1246467 By the above amended petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1246467  f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2435314\charrsid16521860 
our grounds of appeal had been submitted to this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547504\charrsid16521860 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2435314\charrsid16521860 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10634259\charrsid16521860  Those grounds are reproduced below:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16521860 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16521860 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16521860 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\ul\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 Ground 1 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 That the Learned Judges of the Court of Appeal erred in law and in fact in finding that the learned Trial Judge had not misdirected himself in respect of the admissibility, 
{\*\bkmkstart _Hlk28249188}voluntariness and truthfulness of the confession{\*\bkmkend _Hlk28249188}s in the caution interview when in fact the learned Trial Judge had misdirected himself b
y failing to consider the evidence of Sunita Devi that arose during trial proper stating that the Appellant had been assaulted by police and such circumstance in the trial proper necessitated the need and ought to have cause the learned Trial Judge to dir
ect himself on the context of voluntariness in the context of the case in its entirety particularly when the learned Trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860  Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545  in his }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860 judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545  stated that he believed the entirety of Sunita Devi\rquote s evidence, that this in turn cause a substantial  and grave
 miscarriage of justice against the Petitioner.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\ul\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 Ground 2
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 That the Learned Judges of the Court of Appeal erred in law and in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 
fact in finding that the lea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860 rned Trial Judge was correct in stating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 in his Summing Up and his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid16521860 judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545  that Sunita Devi was not an accomplice and further stating that there was no need to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860  lo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 ok for independent corroboration {\*\bkmkstart _Hlk30442174}when her evidence also required a warning as to the danger of convicting upon it unless confirmed {\*\bkmkend _Hlk30442174}
by evidence from some other source and his
 Lordships failure to properly warn himself of the said danger in convicting without independent corroborated evidence resulted in a question of general legal importance and cause a substantial and grave miscarriage of justice against the Petitioner.

\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\ul\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 Ground 3
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 
That the Learned Judges of the Court of Appeal erred in law and in fact in failing to properly consider the evidence of Sergeant Anoop and laxity of the investigation that was carried out in the Petitioner\rquote s matter which in turn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860  r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 aised doubts in the States case and in turn caused a substantial and grav}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860 e miscarriage of justice to }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 the Petitioner.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\ul\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 Ground 4
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 That the Learned Judges of the Court of Appeal erred in fact and in law in failing to consider th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860 e Trial Judge\rquote s failure to give}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545  cogent reason}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid16521860\charrsid4090545 
 in his judgment whilst overturning the unanimous opinion of the assessors on the charge laid against the Petitioner which in turn caused a substantial and grave miscarriage of justice against the Petitioner.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4266068 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16521860\charrsid13181090 Background History
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16521860 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12131719\charrsid16521860 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [34]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12131719\charrsid16521860 The petitioner and one Sunita Devi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5984438\charrsid16521860  (who had a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5984438\charrsid11084442 de}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4474023\charrsid11084442  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5984438\charrsid11084442 fa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4474023\charrsid11084442 c}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5984438\charrsid11084442 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5984438\charrsid16521860  relationship with the petitioner),}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12131719\charrsid16521860  were charged in the Magistrates Court at Rakiraki under case number 89/11 on 10/5/2011 for murder \endash  Contrary to Section 237 (a) of the Crimes Decree 44 of 2010.  The learned
 Magistrate by his transfer order dated 17/5/2011 transferred the case to High Court of Lautoka. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16521860 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16521860 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1246467\charrsid1246467 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [35]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1246467\charrsid1246467 Thereafter Sunita Devi was granted immunity and made a prosecution witness.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14162387 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1246467 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5984438\charrsid14162387 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [36]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5984438\charrsid14162387 By the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12131719\charrsid14162387 Information filed in the High Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13059385\charrsid14162387 of Lautoka }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12131719\charrsid14162387 on 15/7/2011 the petitioner was charged as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12674706 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12674706 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12674706\charrsid12418529 Avnit Singh is charged with the following offence:-
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12674706\charrsid12418529 Statement of Offence
\par Murder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12674706\charrsid12418529 : contrary to Section 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1399284 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12674706\charrsid12418529 
7 (a)(b) (c) of the Crimes Decree No. 44 of 2009.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12674706\charrsid12418529 Particulars of Offence
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12674706\charrsid12418529 Avnit Singh on the 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid12674706\charrsid12418529 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid12674706\charrsid12418529  day of May, 2011 at Tuvavatu in the Western Division murdered Bal Krishna.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12674706 
\par Dated at Lautoka this 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid12674706\charrsid12418529 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12674706  day of July, 2011.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12674706 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12131719\charrsid12674706 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [37]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12131719\charrsid12674706 The petitioner having pleaded not guilty, a trial was conducted at the Lautoka High Court before a judge sitting with assessors. After conclusion of the trial, the assessors expressed a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8617902\charrsid12674706  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5834639\charrsid12674706 unanimous opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12131719\charrsid12674706  of not guilty. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5197946 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5272448\charrsid12674706  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5197946 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12131719\charrsid5197946 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [38]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12131719\charrsid5197946 The learned trial judge having disagreed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14572679\charrsid5197946 with the unanimous opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5272448\charrsid5197946 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14572679\charrsid5197946  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12131719\charrsid5197946 convicted the petitioner for the charge of murder by his written judgment dated 16/9/2014.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5197946 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5197946 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12131719\charrsid5197946 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [39]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12131719\charrsid5197946 By the sentencing order dated 26/9/2014 petitioner was sentenced to life imprisonment and not eligible for parole till completing 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5272448\charrsid5197946 
0 years of imprisonment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7230506 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7230506 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7230506\charrsid13181090 Enlargement of Time
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid7230506 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4991927\charrsid7230506 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [40]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid7230506 
Petitioner has lodged this application for special leave after the prescribed period of 42 days stipulated in Rule 5(a) of the Supreme Court Rules 2016.  No reasons were submitted explaining the delay. It is observed that in either
 of the applications filed by him seeking leave, he had failed to move for enlargement of time. However, to avoid any probable injustice that would be caused to the petitioner I will proceed to consider granting enlargement of time.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2378465\charrsid7230506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid2378465  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2378465\charrsid2378465 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14113015\charrsid2378465 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [41]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14113015\charrsid2378465 The necessity to obey the rules of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid547504\charrsid2378465 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14113015\charrsid2378465  was succinctly expressed by the Judicial Committee of Privy Council in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14113015\charrsid2378465 Ratnam v Kumarswamy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\cf1\super\insrsid4857146\charrsid2378465 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid4857146 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4857146  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4857146\charrsid4857146 Ratnam v Kumarswamy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4857146  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4857146\charrsid4857146 1964) 3 All.ER 933 at 935}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid211393 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4857146\charrsid2378465  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14113015\charrsid2378465 as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14113015\charrsid2378465 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14113015 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid14113015\charrsid10441477 "The rules of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid14113015\charrsid10441477 
 must prima facie be obeyed, and in order to justify a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid14113015\charrsid10441477 
 in extending the time during which some step in procedure requires to be taken there must be some material upon which the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\insrsid14113015\charrsid10441477  can exercise its discretion."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4991927 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [42]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 In }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 Full Court decision of New South Wales namely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid4857146 R. v Albert Sunderland}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid4857146  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\cf1\super\insrsid4857146 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid4857146 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4857146  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4857146\charrsid4857146 R. v Albert Sunderland}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4857146  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4857146\charrsid4857146 [1927] 28 SR (NSW) 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid211393 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4857146  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 which also being a case involving an application for extension of time after conviction, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477  held as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3612284\charrsid10441477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 \'93... (2) \endash  that in view of the delay in applying "very exceptional circumstances would have to be established before the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477  would be justified in granting the application."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid4991927 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12666749\charrsid12666749 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [43]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 The factors that have to be examined in determining whether the interests of justice
 require allowing extension of time in enlargement of time applications were laid down in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid4073710 Kamlesh Kumar v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\cf1\super\insrsid11016663 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid11016663 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11016663  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid11016663\charrsid11016663 Kamlesh Kumar v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid11016663  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid11016663\charrsid11016663 Criminal Appeal No. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid11016663\charrsid11016663 CAV 001}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid11016663\charrsid11016663 .2009}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid11016663 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4073710  by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477  His Lordship The Chief Justice, Gates as follows:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8727367 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 Appellate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 
s examine five factors by way of a principled approach to such applications. Those factors are:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 (i)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 The reason for the failure to file within time.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 
\par (ii)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 The length of the delay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 (iii)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 
Whether there is a ground of merit justifying the appellate Court\rquote s consideration.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 
\par (iv)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 Where there has been substantial delay, nonetheless is there a ground of appeal that will probably succeed?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 
\par (v)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid10441477 If time is enlarged, will the Respondent be unfairly prejudiced?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8727367 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx510\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4991927 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [44]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx510\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 Depending on circumstances of each case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927  has a discretion to enlarge time so as to hear a meritorious appeal.  In the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid14092208 Mohammed Sahid v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\cf1\super\insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid14092208 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208 Mohammed Sahid v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208 CAV 0025.2015 (21/4/16)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208  at paragraph 14.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14092208  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 it was observed that:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14092208 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx510\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14092208\charrsid8407148 \'9314] The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid14092208 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14092208\charrsid8407148 s in these
 circumstances possess discretion to enlarge time so as to hear a meritorious appeal or petition. Several cases in this jurisdiction have dealt with the way the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14092208 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid14092208\charrsid8407148 s should evaluate these applications. Though the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14092208 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14092208\charrsid8407148 s will not be rigid in examining cer
tain factors, it has been established that fairness is best observed by following a principled approach: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208 Kumar v. The State; Sinu v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\i\super\insrsid14092208 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14092208 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid14092208 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208 Kumar v. The State; Sinu v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208 CAV0001/09, CAV0001/10 21st August 2012}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14092208 .}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14092208\charrsid8407148 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14092208 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid13513956\charrsid5924653 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4991927\charrsid14092208 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [45]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx510\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4991927\charrsid14092208 Enlargement of time has
 generally been permitted by Courts only in exceptional circumstances and that is only endeavor to avoid grave injustice that might otherwise occur from strict application of rules of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid547504\charrsid14092208 Court}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4991927\charrsid14092208 . See the observation of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4991927\charrsid14092208 Mchugh J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11409715\charrsid14092208 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4991927\charrsid14092208 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid4991927\charrsid14092208 
Gallo v Dawson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid14092208 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208 
Gallo v Dawson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208 [1990] HCA 30; (1990) ALR 479 at}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208  pages}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208\charrsid14092208  480 to 481}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid14092208 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4991927\charrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927\charrsid14092208 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx510\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 The grant of an extension of time under this rule is not automatic.\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 
The object of the rule is to ensure that those Rules which fix times for doing acts do not become instruments of injustice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 The discretion to extend time is given for the sole purpose of enabling the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986  or justice to do justice between the parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 : see\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 Hughes v National Trustees Executors & Agency Co of Australasia Ltd}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4547263 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\i\fs22\super\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid14092208 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid14092208 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4547263\charrsid4547263 Hughes v National Trustees Executors & Agency Co of Australasia Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4547263 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4547263\charrsid4547263  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4547263\charrsid4547263 [1978] VR 257 at 262.
}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid14092208  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 \~
This means that the discretion can only be exercised in favour of an applicant upon proof that strict compliance with the rules will work an injustice upon the app
licant. In order to determine whether the rules will work an injustice, it is necessary to have regard to the history of the proceedings, the conduct of the parties, the nature of the litigation, and the consequences for the parties of the grant or refusa
l of the application for extension of time: see\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 Avery v No 2 Public Service Appeal Board}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4547263  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\i\fs22\super\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4547263 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid4547263 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4547263  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4547263\charrsid4547263 Avery v No 2 Public Service Appeal Board}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4547263 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4547263\charrsid4547263 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4547263 
1973] 2 NZLR 86,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4547263\charrsid4547263 \~at 92.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid73929 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 Jess v Scott}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\i\fs22\super\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4547263 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid4547263 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4547263  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4547263\charrsid4547263 Jess v Scott}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid73929  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid73929 [1986] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4346977 70 ALR 185 (1986) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid73929 
12 FCR 187 at 194}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4346977  to 195. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 \~\~
When the application is for an extension of time in which to file an appeal, it is always necessary to consider the prospects of the applicant succeeding in the appeal: see\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 Burns v Grigg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\i\fs22\super\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4346977 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid4346977 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4346977  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4346977\charrsid4346977 see\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4346977\charrsid4346977 Burns v Grigg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4346977 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4346977  [1967] VR 871}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4346977\charrsid4346977 \~at 872.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 ;\~ 263-4;\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 Mitchelson v Mitchelson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\i\fs22\super\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4346977 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid4346977 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4346977  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid4346977\charrsid4346977 Mitchelson v Mitchelson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid8413937 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid4346977  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid4346977\charrsid4346977 (1979) 24 ALR 522 at 524}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid4346977 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 \~. It is also necessary to bear in mind in such an application that, upon the expiry of the time for appealing, the respondent has \'93a vested right to retain the judgment\'94 unless t
he application is granted:\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 Vilenius v Heinegar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\i\fs22\super\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4346977 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid4346977 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4346977  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4346977\charrsid4346977 Vilenius v Heinegar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8413937 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4346977\charrsid4346977 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4346977\charrsid8413937 (1962) 36 ALJR 200 at 201.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 .\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 It follows that, before the applicant can succeed in this application, there must be material upon which I can be satisfied that to refuse the application would constitute an injustice}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 .\'94(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927\charrsid6697986 emphasis added)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4991927 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid13980779\charrsid6697986 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11409715 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [46]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx510\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11409715 The delay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid547504  here}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid11409715  appears to be about 7 days. Even at the hearing of this appeal no r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid547504 easons were placed before this C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11409715 ourt for the delay}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11409715\charrsid10441477 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11409715  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11409715\charrsid10441477 Thus }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11409715 I conclude}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11409715\charrsid10441477  that the Petitioner has totally failed to offer any excuse or reason for the delay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4991927 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx510\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11409715 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11409715\charrsid4991927 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [47]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx510\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15019544 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11409715\charrsid4991927 Further, in the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid11409715\charrsid8413937 Rasak}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid8413937\charrsid8413937 u }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid11409715\charrsid8413937 v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid228754 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid228754\charrsid228754 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid228754 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid228754  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid228754\charrsid228754 Rasaku v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid228754  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid228754\charrsid228754 [2013] FJSC 4; CAV0009, 0013.2009 (24 April 2013)}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid228754\charrsid228754  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11409715\charrsid4991927 
this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11409715  had observed that - a p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11409715\charrsid4991927 etitione}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11409715 r who}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11409715\charrsid4991927  seeking a belated appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11409715  in a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11409715\charrsid4991927 crimin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11409715 al case, must at the lowest, be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11409715\charrsid4991927  able to meet the threshold criteria set out in the section 7 (2) of the Supreme Court Act
, No. 14 of 1998, and it is implicit that the criteria for granting enlargement of time are much more stringent than for the grant of leave in a timely application. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11409715 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13980779 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4350349\charrsid6894433 In the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7105607\charrsid6894433 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4218555\charrsid13845996 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16057848\charrsid16057848 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [48]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16057848\charrsid16057848 The petitioner being aggrieved by the decision of the High 
Court, applied for leave to appeal against his conviction to the Court of Appeal. A single Judge of the Court of Appeal granted the petitioner leave to appeal on all the grounds submitted to that Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16057848 . }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10309281\charrsid15209367 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7105607 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4094324 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [49]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4094324 Thereaf}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12520523 ter the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13974967 petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12520523 pursued his appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11685979 before}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12520523  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11685979  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5924653 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13974967 ull Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4094324  of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12520523  of Fiji and the Learned Justices }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4094324 of the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14091199  (COA)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4094324  by their judgment dated 4/10/2018 dismissed the appeal and affirmed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4087951  the conviction and  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4094324  sentence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4786733 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2641746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11144521 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [50]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11144521 Being aggrieved}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4786733  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11144521 by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10506469 
the above decision of the COA the petitioner had lodged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2562814 his first}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10506469  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid208076 
leave to a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10506469 ppeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid208076 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6491658 pplication }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10506469 to the Supreme Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4869174 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11144521 At the hearing before this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11144521  petitioner\rquote s counsel confined himself to the grounds of appeal raised}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid208076 
 against conviction and sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11144521  in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5984438 said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6491658  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2562814 amended}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6491658  petition received by this C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4786733 ourt on13/8/19.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11144521  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4423397 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4869174 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10506469\charrsid6502150 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [51]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10506469\charrsid6502150 As per para 7 of the COA judgment, the grounds that were considered}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11144521\charrsid6502150  by the Full Court of Appeal were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10506469\charrsid6502150  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7408696\charrsid6502150 
as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6502150 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9398828 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4869174 \'93[7]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4932262\charrsid14814482 A single Judge of this Court had granted leave to the Appellant to proceed on all the
 grounds of appeal that he had filed against conviction. The said grounds as contained in the Ruling are as follows:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4932262\charrsid4932262 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid4932262 \'93That the learned Judge has erred in law and in fact when he misdirected himself about the evidence contained in the caution interview o
f the appellant in respect of its truth and/ or credibility and the weight to be given to the confessions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid14814482 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14814482\charrsid4932262 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4932262\charrsid4932262 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid4932262 
That the learned trial Judge has erred in law and in fact to admit the confession in voir dire as there was a serious doubt the voluntariness and the truth or correctness of the said confession for the reasons inter alia that prime prosecution witness Sun
ita Devi in her evidence in chief said, \'93she had seen the police officers assaulting the accused for 2-3 minutes at Namaka Police Station...At Lautoka Police Station she has told the accused to tell the truth}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2562814  so that they will not beat him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid4932262 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid14814482 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14814482\charrsid4932262 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4932262\charrsid4932262 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid4932262 That the lea
rned Judge has erred in law and in fact when he did not direct himself that the prosecution witness Sunita Devi, who was granted immunity would have implicated the Appellant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid14814482 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14814482\charrsid14814482 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid14814482 d.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid4932262 That the learned Judge has erred in law and in fact when allowing hearsay evi
dence of the prosecution witness Subramani Mudaliar and then not directing his mind on the rule against hearsay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid14814482 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14814482\charrsid4932262 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4932262\charrsid4869174 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 e.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid4869174 
That the learned trial Judge has erred in law and in fact when he failed to properly direct his mind to the alibi evidence of the Appellant\rquote s father.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14814482\charrsid4932262 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4932262\charrsid4932262 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 f.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid4932262 
That the learned trial Judge has erred in law and in fact when he did not correctly direct himself on how to approach circumstantial evidence and what weight to be attached to it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4932262\charrsid3754935 .\'94 (verbat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1187874\charrsid3754935 im)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1187874\charrsid1187874 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1187874\charrsid1187874 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1187874 Ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7408696\charrsid1187874  listed under item (d) had been abandoned by the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11429157  at the hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3485337  before the COA.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7408696\charrsid1187874   
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13202594 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3047176 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [52]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3047176 
Since grounds (a) and (b) above are related to the caution interview, I would proceed to consider both together.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7408696 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13202594 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466464 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [53]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4466464 During the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4466464\charrsid13528599 
voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4466464  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2098491 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4466464 
nquiry the prosecution had called the interviewing officer (Hakim), the witnessing police officer (Kumar) and an independent witness by the name of Hydar Begg }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13202594 (who was a JP)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6491658 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13202594  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4466464 who had been present there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7161140 as an  observer.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3047176 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236550 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13202594 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [54]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13202594 By the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13202594\charrsid13528599 
voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13202594  ruling of the learned High Court Judge dated 08.9.2014, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1144528 he had concluded that the caution interview of the petitioner }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13974967 recorded }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1144528 on 9.5.2011 was one made voluntarily and not made out of oppression}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid208076  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2897075  is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid208076  therefore  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1144528  admissible}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13974967  in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1144528  evidence.  In paragraphs 18 and 20 of the said ruling, he had given the rea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13974967 
sons as to why he had concluded }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1144528 that the confession was admissible.  Paragraphs 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13974967 8 and 20 are to the following }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1144528  effect: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9398828 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri4\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hich\af3\insrsid13974967 \loch\af37\hich\af3\dbch\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13974967\charrsid13974967 18. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13974967 U}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13974967\charrsid13974967 
nder cross examination he admitted that he did not m
ake a complaint to Hakim, Anoop or Mr. Begg. A Legal Aid lawyer had appeared on behalf of him at Ba Magistrate Court. He did not tell him about the assaults. When he went to Court he was still in pain. But he had not complained to anyone except his uncle.
 He admitted that he was not assaulted or threatened by Hakim or Anoop. He also admitted that he came up with this assault complaint only in 2012.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri4\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13974967\charrsid13974967 
20.  Accordingly I have come to the view that in regard to any allegation of assault or threat by the police b
efore and during the interview, the state had satisfied me beyond reasonable doubt that it did not happen. I reject the evidence of the accused that he was assaulted before the interview and was forced to sign the interview. I am satisfied that the interv
i
ew was voluntary, that that was obtained in fair circumstances, that that was in no way oppressed or beaten out of the accused in contravention of his rights either under the Judges' Rules or of the Constitution. The independent witness who was present co
nfirms this position.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1144528 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1144528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [55]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1144528 
On an examination of the said ruling it becomes amply clear that the learned judge had paid due consideration to the evidence that were placed before him with regard to the threats the petitioner had been subjected to. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11481271  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1144528 Paragraph 7 of the ruling has sufficiently }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7822357 dealt with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1144528  the burden of proof with regard to voluntariness, fairness, lack of oppression, compliance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11021594  with common law rights where}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1144528  applicable, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15417419 if there is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16718623 non-compliance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15417419 , 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1144528 lack of prejudice to the accused rests at all times with prosecution.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6895481 Further he has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4336906 stated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15417419  that these matters must be proved beyond reasonable doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1144528 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3081726 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5046328 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [56]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5046328 After calling the prosecution witnesses at the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5046328\charrsid3279026 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5046328  inquiry, the accused too had given evidence.  It is noteworthy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3148332  that }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5046328 in para}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3082782 graph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5046328 
 18 of the ruling, the judge has specifically mentioned that under cross examination, the petitioner admitted that he did not make any complaint }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2520390 to any of the police officers or to Mr}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6518602 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2520390  Begg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15549089  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6895481 (}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15549089 who}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6895481 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15549089  being the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6884806 observer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7342846 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10961556  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14429350\charrsid10961556 
Mr. Begg too had been called by the prosecution at the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14429350\charrsid3279026 voir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3279026\charrsid3279026  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14429350\charrsid3279026 dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14429350\charrsid10961556 . In examination - in-chief itself his testimony at PP- 155 & 156 of the HC Record h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16718623\charrsid10961556 ad been to the following effect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14429350\charrsid10961556 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14429350 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid620957 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14429350\charrsid14429350 \'93
Avnit gave answers.  Avnit was normal. He gave answers without any fear. There were no injuries noted on his face. I sat throughout the interview. Avnit did not make any complaint. During the break I personally asked him whether he was assaulted he said n
o. I confirm there was no assault during the interview.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14429350\charrsid14429350 In cross examination his stance had been t
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16718623 hat (at P-156) of the HC Record}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14429350\charrsid14429350 :
\par \'93 Q \endash  You did not ask him whether he was assaulted. 
\par A \endash  I asked h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16718623 im he said he was not assaulted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14429350\charrsid14429350 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6502150 \'85\'85\'85\'85..}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14429350\charrsid14429350 
\par Q \endash  Isn\rquote t it true my client was forced by Hakim and Anoop to sign the interview? 
\par A \endash  He was not forced.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14429350 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6502150 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972098\charrsid14507933 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [57]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1972098\charrsid14507933 Main issue raised by ground }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6491658\charrsid14507933 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11021594 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6491658\charrsid14507933 ) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1972098\charrsid14507933 appears that there was a serious doubt with regard to voluntariness, truth or correctness of the said confession for the reasons }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1972098\charrsid14507933 inter-alia }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6491658\charrsid14507933  that prime p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1972098\charrsid14507933 rosecution witness }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11623906 Sunita}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6491658\charrsid14507933  Devi having said in her examination}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2562814\charrsid14507933 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6491658\charrsid14507933 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2562814\charrsid14507933 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6491658\charrsid14507933 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1972098\charrsid14507933 hief that, \lquote she had seen the police officers assaulting the accused for 2-3 minutes at Namaka Police stat
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6894433 ion. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1972098\charrsid14507933  At Lautoka Police station she has told the accused to tell the truth so that they will not beat him\rquote }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14885595 . She gave evidence only at the trial. As the petitioner was represented by counsel at the trial, he could have stressed upon re \endash directions with regard to
 this. But he had failed to do that. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6518602\charrsid14885595 In view of the above analysis, I decline to take the view that the learned Judge had committed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3148332\charrsid14885595 an error in concluding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2562814\charrsid14885595 that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6518602\charrsid14885595 
caution interview of the petitioner as admissible.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7342846\charrsid14885595 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1972098\charrsid1972098 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11483636 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [58]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11483636 The ground (c) submitted to COA w
as that the learned Judge erred in law and in fact when he did not direct himself that the prosecution witness,  Sunita Devi, who was granted immunity would have implicated the petitioner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5984438 
 She was the first}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16718623  witness for the prosecution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5984438 called at the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11483636  
It is noteworthy that in her cross \endash  examination}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2307120  when this was suggested to her she had specifically denied it. At p \endash  175 of the HC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12845954  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2307120 Record:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6502150 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6491658  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16727585 \'93 Q}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14885595   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2307120  \endash  I put it to you you are implicating my client to save yourself?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14507933 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16727585    A   -  No I am not doing it to save myself.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6502150 
\par The l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16727585 earned Judge in para}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6502150 graph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16727585 
 12 of his judgment had concluded that she gave truthful evidence in Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11483636\charrsid16727585     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2307120 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11816227\charrsid16727585 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6491658 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [59]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6491658 It appears that counsel for the petitioner had tried to argue this ground before }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14885595 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2562814  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547504 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14885595 OA}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2562814  on the basis that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6491658 Sunita Devi should have been treated as an accomplice. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6518602 
Paragraph 20 of the impugned judgment of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14885595  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6518602 
 COA demonstrates the position that Sunita Devi was not an accomplice. The said paragraph 20 is reproduced below:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6502150 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri4\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid6518602\charrsid14814482 \'93[20] In regard to ground (
c) referred to at paragraph 7 above, Counsel for the Appellant tried to elaborate this ground at the hearing before us by stating that Sunita Devi should have been treated as an accomplice. An accomplice is one who is a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\insrsid6518602\charrsid14814482 \lquote partcipes criminis\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid6518602\charrsid14814482  in the actual c
rime charged, whether as a principal and accessory. To be an accomplice it must be shown that the witness intentionally gave assistance and encouragement to the criminal activity of the accused. It is not sufficient to be a mere bystander, because a mere 
b
ystander is not at risk and therefore lacks the incentive falsely to implicate the accused which is the basis of the rule pertaining to accomplice evidence. It is clear from the evidence of the Appellant, both in his confession and testimony before the Tr
i
al Court (paragraph 13, 15 and 16 above), and the evidence of Sunita Devi (paragraph 8 above) that Sunita Devi was not an accomplice. It was never suggested to her at the trial by the defence that Sunita Devi was an accomplice. The learned Trial Judge had
 clearly stated in his Summing Up that Sunita Devi was not an accomplice, but yet given the necessary directions to the Assessors that \'93
If a witness is an accomplice it is my duty to warn you that you should look for independent corroboration of that evidence and it is not safe to convict on uncorroborated testimony of an accomplice.\'94
 This should suffice to dispose of this ground of appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid2097763\charrsid14814482 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6518602\charrsid14814482 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6518602\charrsid14775873 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2307120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [60]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2307120 In view of the above }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763\charrsid2307120 I find no error has been committed by the COA in arriving upon that conclusion.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1741\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2097763\charrsid228754 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [61]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763\charrsid228754 Ground (e) \endash  that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3148332\charrsid228754  the learned trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid264785\charrsid228754 Judge had erred in law and in fact when he failed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2097763\charrsid228754  to properly direct his mind to the alibi evidence of the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3148332\charrsid228754 \rquote s father.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1272871\charrsid228754 I find that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832213\charrsid228754  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid264785\charrsid228754 para}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2562814\charrsid228754  -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763\charrsid228754  27 of the COA judgment, demonstrates the reasons why this ground cannot succeed.  Following are the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid264785\charrsid228754 reasons given}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763\charrsid228754 :-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid228754\charrsid228754 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid228754 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1927816 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1927816 Provisions in s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8858160 ection 125 }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid606388 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1927816 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10166997 ) (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1927816 b)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763  of the Criminal Procedure }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid606388 Decree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763  2009, were not complied with. That is, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8858160 no notice was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1927816 given in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763  writing to the prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1927816 , complainant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763  and the Court 21 days prior to the d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8858160 ate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13833970  set}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763  for the trial.  Further the trial judge\rquote s view had been that the petitioner had taken the defence of alibi at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2829391 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5182869  very late stage of his trial,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13325807  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13325807 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13325807 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13325807 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763 Appellant\rquote 
s father had not supported the evidence of the petitioner given at the trial to the effect that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1593091 he was not at the house of the deceased (namely the scene of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5182869 the crime) at the time the offence was committed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2097763 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2641746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2641746\charrsid14507933 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [62]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2641746\charrsid14507933 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1593091\charrsid14507933 owever, with regard to this the learned High Court Judge\rquote s summing up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2829391\charrsid14507933 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1593091\charrsid14507933 has to be considered.  In p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8858160\charrsid14507933 
aragraph 75 of his summing up, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6959878 the defence of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1593091\charrsid14507933 alibi has been dealt in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8858160\charrsid14507933 following manner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1593091\charrsid14507933 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1593091 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6959878\charrsid14507933 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri4\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1593091\charrsid14775873 \'9375. The accused's took a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14775873\charrsid14775873 defen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14775873 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14775873\charrsid14775873 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1593091\charrsid14775873 
 of alibi. He says that he was not at the scene of crime when it was committed. As the prosecution has to prove his guilt so that 
you are sure of it, he does not have to prove he was elsewhere at the time. On the contrary, the prosecution must disprove the alibi. Even if you conclude that alibi was false, that does not by itself entitle you to convict the accused. It is a matter whi
ch you may take into account, but you should bear in mind that an alibi is sometimes invented to bolster a defence.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1593091\charrsid1593091 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16727585 In para}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6959878 graph }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16727585 44 of his judgment he has given reasons as to why he concluded that petitioner\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5112259 s evidence was}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16727585  inconsisten}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5112259 t. In para}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6959878 graph }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5112259 48 of the judgment he has rejected the version of the petitioner as it was untrue.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16727585  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5112259 In view of all}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12345665  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6959878 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12345665 above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5112259 
, I find that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6959878 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12345665  learned Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6972423 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12345665  of the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6959878 ourt of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12345665  had not erred in rejecting this ground also.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6972423   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1593091 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1593091 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1706835 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [63]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1706835 What is left for consideration now is ground (f) advanced before the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11431179 ourt of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1706835 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11431179 ppeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1706835 
.  This has been dealt in paragraph 28 of the impugned judgment of the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11431179 ourt of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1706835 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11431179 ppeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1706835 .  How the learned High Court Judge had dealt with this ground namely,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8858160  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12010956 - he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1706835  did not correctly direct himself on how to approach circumstantial evidence and what weight should be attached to it.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14775873 The relevant paragraphs }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1117475 of the summing up}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1117475\charrsid1117475  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5182869 appear}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1117475  to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14775873 29 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11431179 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1117475  32, wherein he had given sufficient directions to the assessors on circumstantial evidence.   As such ground (f) too lacks merit. Thus the conclusion of the COA Judges in rejecting the above ground is correct.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9198475 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1929919 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14814482\charrsid6894433 Grounds of Appeal submitted to this Court
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14814482 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6894433\charrsid6894433 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14814482\charrsid6894433 Ground 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14814482 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15539538 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [64]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15539538 The thrust of this ground is that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7285927 Justices }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15539538 of the Court o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6515611 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15539538  Appeal failed to }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3308431 consider the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15539538  evidence of Sunita Devi, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5898681 
to the effect that the petitioner was seen assaulted by the police was not considered by the trial judge when directing h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4795832 is mind to the voluntariness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5898681 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13833970   This is almost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15539538  same as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13833970  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15539538 ground (b) submitted to the Court of Appeal. With regard to this issue in para }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3808452 19,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15539538 
 the COA Justices had said this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10961556 :-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7285927  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10961556 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7285927 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538 ....}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538\charrsid15539538 It is to be noted that the Appellant had been represented by a lawyer on 10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid15539538\charrsid15539538 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538\charrsid15539538  May 2011 when he was produced before the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538\charrsid15539538  after his arrest and at the recording of his confession. The appellant testifying before the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538\charrsid15539538  had admitted that he had not told his lawyer that he was assaulted by police and he had injuries. There is no evidence that the Appellant had visible injuri
es. Had the Appellant considered that the evidence of Sunita Devi which came in after the conclusion and ruling on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14313845 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538\charrsid15539538 oir dire had a bearing on the voluntariness of the confession, as he is now claiming, he could have asked for a re-direction on the matter at the conclusion of the Summing Up. Relying on the cases of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538\charrsid13325807 Alfaaz v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6044529  S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538\charrsid13325807 tate}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid13325807 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid13325807\charrsid6560940 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13325807\charrsid6560940  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid13325807\charrsid6560940 Alfaaz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid13325807\charrsid6560940  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid13325807\charrsid6560940 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid13325807\charrsid6560940  St}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid13325807\charrsid6560940 ate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13325807\charrsid6560940 [2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af37 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid6044529\charrsid6560940 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13325807\charrsid6560940  FJCA 19, AAU0030 (8 March 2018)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid13325807\charrsid6560940 
.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538\charrsid13325807 , Raj v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid6044529\charrsid9007656 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid6044529\charrsid6560940 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6044529\charrsid6560940  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid6044529\charrsid6560940 Raj v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid6044529\charrsid6560940 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid6044529\charrsid6560940 CAV0003 of 2014: 20 August 2014 }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af37 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid6044529\charrsid6560940 HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/cases/FJSC/2014/12.html" \\o "View Case"}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af37 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9007656\charrsid6560940 [2014] FJSC 12. }}}\sectd \ltrsect\psz1\linex0\headery568\footery424\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid10961733\sftnbj }}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538\charrsid13325807   {\*\bkmkstart _Hlk29883901} and Varasiko Tuw}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9007656\charrsid9007656 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9007656 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9007656\charrsid9007656 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid9007656 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9007656  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid9007656\charrsid9007656 Varasiko Tuwai v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid9007656  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid9007656\charrsid9007656 
[2016] FJSC 35}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538\charrsid13325807 {\*\bkmkend _Hlk29883901},}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538\charrsid15539538 
 I state that in the absence of cogent reasons for not raising the issue by way of redirection, this Court will be slow to entertain an appeal on this ground.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15539538 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15539538  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15539538  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14814482 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6894433 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14948973 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [65]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14948973 Further it is observed that the petitioner had not submitted a medical report of his own
 to substantiate the police assault.  He was throughout represented by counsel in the Magistrate\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14948973 
 and also in the High Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16075468  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871\charrsid14507933 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid14507933 
erusal of para -12 of the High Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10641723\charrsid14507933 judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid14507933 
 makes it abundantly clear why he had concluded that Sunita Devi, was a truthful witness and also her evidence was consistent. Learned Judge when summing up has given sufficient directions regarding Sunita Devi\rquote 
s evidence and also as to, who is an accomplice? When summarising her evidence, Judge has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871\charrsid14507933 correctly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid14507933 
 dealt with he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871\charrsid14507933 r evidence regarding police o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid14507933 ff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1272871\charrsid14507933 icers assaulting the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid14507933  for 2-3 minutes at Namaka Police Station \endash 
 She told them to stop it and at Lautoka Police Station she told the Petitioner to tell the truth so that they will not beat him.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 
Having concluded the summing up the Ju}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2562814 dge had asked for re-directions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 
, It is recorded that no issues from both parties \endash  See P- 216 of HC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1272871 ecord}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 . Petitioner was represented}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871  by Counsel on that day also. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2562814 He}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871  had failed to utilise the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416  opportunity by asking for re}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4002214 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416  directions. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid1272871 
No reasons also given as to why this was not raised by way of re-directions. Thus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4002214 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid1272871 
 the Petitioner cannot complain now.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13513956 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14948973 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [66]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14948973 In my view paragraph 20 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14948973\charrsid4002214 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14948973  ruling (at page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2641746 62 of HCR) would lend assistance }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14948973 in this regard.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7285927 The s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14948973 aid paragraph 20 is to the following effect:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid14948973 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\insrsid14948973\charrsid14948973 20. Accordingly I have come to the view that in regard to any allegation of assault or threat by the police before and during the interview, the state had satisfied me beyond reasonable doubt that it did not h
appen. I reject the evidence of the accused that he was assaulted before the interview and was forced to sign the interview. I am satisfied that the interview was voluntary, that that was obtained in fair circumstances, that that was in no way oppressed o
r beaten out of the accused in contravention of his rights either under the Judges' Rules or of the Constitution. The independent witness who was present confirms this position.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid8727367 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14948973\charrsid5839087 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839087 I agree with the reasons given }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14948973 by the Justices of Court of Appeal in paragraph 18 of the judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13193051 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839087 
 why the assessors opinion was perverse.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13193051  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14948973   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839087 I cannot}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14948973  see any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839087 error in the above conclusion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14948973   Thus the above ground lacks merit and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871 same}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14948973  is rejected.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2704213 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14814482\charrsid6894433 Ground 2
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5008672 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [67]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5008672 This has been reproduced under the sub-head \'93Introduction\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12009140  above.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid419024 The thrust of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8858160 complaint is that the COA Justices}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid419024  erred in law and in fact in finding that the learned trial judge was correct in stating in his summing up and in his judgment that Sunita Devi was not an accompli
ce and further no necessity to look for independent corroboration when her evidence also required a warning as to the danger of convicting upon it unless}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9572622 
  confirmed by evidence from some other source  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid419024  and failure to warn himself of the said danger in convicting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16603750  upon it }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid419024  without  independent corroborative evidence. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid419024 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid419024 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [68]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid419024 I find}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16603750  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410148 paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid419024  20 of the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16603750 OA judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid419024  ha}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7085675 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid419024  elaborately dealt with this.  The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11993283 said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid419024 paragraph 20 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11993283 has been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid419024 reproduced }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11993283 
above when dealing with ground }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4208003 (c)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11993283 
 raised in the Court of Appeal.  It appears that Sunita Devi had never been treated as an accomplice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16057848 by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11993283 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16057848  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16057848\charrsid16057848 
and also never suggested to her at the trial by the defence that she was an accomplice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16057848 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11993283   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7085675 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7085675 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3678580 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [69]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3678580 The learned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16603750 
 Trial Judge has dealt with the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3678580  issue of required warnings with regard to an accomplice in paragraphs 42 and 43 of his summing up}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16603750 : }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid419024 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri4\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3678580\charrsid3678580 \'9342.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\hich\af3\insrsid3678580\charrsid3678580 \hich\af3\dbch\af0\loch\f37  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3678580\charrsid3678580 
Further at that stage I should give you legal directions to understand who is an accomplice. If a witness is an accomplice it is my duty to warn you that 
you should look for independent corroboration of that evidence and it is not safe to convict a person on uncorroborated testimony of an accomplice. Further it must be evidence which implicates an accused person that is, which confirms in some material par
t
icular not only the evidence that the crime has been committed but also that the accused person committed it. Sunita Devi was arrested, charged and then given immunity by the prosecution. That does not make her an accomplice. Who is an accomplice? Persons
 who are participes criminis (one who has a share in crime: accessory) in respect of the actual crime charged, as principal or accessories before or after the fact (in felonies).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri4\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3678580\charrsid3678580 
43.  The evidence given by Sunita Devi at the trial clearly places her at the 
scene of the crime. Is that evidence make you to conclude that she is a principal or accessory after the fact. Is Sunita Devi's evidence tainted by an improper motive? There is no evidence that Sunita Devi took any part in commission of the crime or that 
s
he aided or abetted the crime. The mere presence at the scene does not make a person liable for the crime. However she had failed to report to any person till she called her dad. You have to consider whether that is possible due to the fact she was de fac
to partner of the accused at that time and living with the accused's family.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri720\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid5074343 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3678580\charrsid3678580 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7085675 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [70]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7085675 In this regard, I wish to cite the Supreme Court decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7085675\charrsid2704213 Lalagavesi v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid2704213\charrsid2704213 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid2704213 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2704213  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2704213\charrsid2704213 Lalagavesi v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2704213\charrsid2704213  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2704213\charrsid2704213 [2012] FJSC 25; CAV 0004.2012 (24 October 2012)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid2704213 
.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7085675\charrsid2704213  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7085675 where the Court relied on the House of Lords decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid7085675\charrsid2704213 {\*\bkmkstart _Hlk29884807}Davies v DPP}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid2704213 {\*\bkmkend _Hlk29884807}\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid2704213 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2704213  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2704213\charrsid2704213 Davies v DPP}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2704213  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2704213\charrsid2704213 [1954] AC 378}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572\charrsid10303572 [1954]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572\charrsid10303572 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572\charrsid10303572 All}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572\charrsid10303572 ER 507}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2704213  }}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2704213  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7085675 said in para 14:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1117475 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7085675\charrsid7085675 \'9314. The meaning of the term \'93
accomplice\'94 was laid down by House of Lords in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7085675\charrsid10303572 Davies v DPP}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid10303572\charrsid10303572 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid10303572 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10303572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid10303572\charrsid10303572 ibid.,}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7085675\charrsid10303572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7085675\charrsid7085675 that \'93
includes (i) persons who are participles criminis in respect of the actual crime charged, whether as principal or accessories before or after the fact (in felonies) or persons committing procuring or aiding and abetting (in the case of misdem
eanours); (ii) on a trial for larceny receivers as regards the thieves from whom they receive the goods; (iii) where a person is charged with a specific offence on a particular occasion, and evidence is admissible and had been admitted of his having commi
tted crimes of the identical type on other occasions, as proving system or intent or negativing accident, parties to such other similar offences. No further extension of the term \lquote accomplice\rquote 
 should be accepted. This definition was adopted with approval by the Court of Appeal in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7085675\charrsid10303572 Mudaliar v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7085675\charrsid10303572  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid10303572 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid10303572 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10303572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572\charrsid10303572 Mudaliar v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572\charrsid10303572 [2007] FJCA 16; AAU0032.2006 (23 March 2007)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10303572\charrsid10303572 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10303572 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7085675 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1117475 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5266304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [71]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 In my view Sunita Devi was neither an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3291640 accomplice nor an eye witness. H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871 aving granted immunity she was made a prosecution witness. Thereafter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 she}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3291640  was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416  called by the prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1272871  at the Trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1929919  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 
 It is noted that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871  the Learned Judge in his j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 udgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871 
having stated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 that Sunita Devi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871 \rquote s evidence was uncontradictory and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416  consistent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871 , had conclude}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3291640 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871 
 that her evidence was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 confirmed by the evidence of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3291640  independent witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416  Ranjeet Singh, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871 being the person }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 
who provided transport to the petitioner and Sunita Devi to Rakiraki town around 10 am on the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1272871  day of the incident -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid3813416 
 3/5/2011.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5112259  He was not even cross \endash  examined by the defence and as such }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5262133 defence had not disputed his evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10961556 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid10961556 Fur}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10641723\charrsid10961556 ther in para 12 of the judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid10961556 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10641723\charrsid10961556 it is further concluded that - \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid10961556 
The proved circumstances are only consistent with the accused having committed the crime. I am satisfied and sure that an inference of guilt is the only rational conclusion to be drawn from the combined effect of all the circumstances proved. That inferen
ce satisfies me beyond reasonable doubt that the accused assaulted the deceased with an axe and that inference is the irresistible and inescapable on the evidence\'94   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10961556 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid10961556 
For the above reasons I am satisfied that ground 2 raised in this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547504\charrsid10961556 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid10961556  lacks merit and it
 should fail.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1929919\charrsid3813416 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9393446\charrsid5266304 Ground 3
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14161258 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [72]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14161258 The question raised here was whether the COA erred in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2166072  fact and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid926021  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9711302 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2166072  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14161258 law in failing to properly consider the evidence of Sgt. Anoop and the laxity of the investigation that was carried out in the petitioner\rquote s matter resulted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6227454 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14161258 a substantial and grav}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16603750 e miscarriage of justice to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14161258  the petitioner. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14968337 In this regard petitioner\rquote s submission appears to be that his evidence which appears in his testimony }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1929919 before the High Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14968337 raises this issue.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14161258  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14968337  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid159087 However,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14968337  this was never raised before.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2965388 
 This appears to be a highly misconceived ground .In other words what they are attempting is to emphasise that there should have been further investigations. Even from the testimony of Sgt.Anoop this complaint is not established.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid159087   On the material available I am unable to agree that this caused substantial and grave injustice to the petitioner. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2965388 Thus I concl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid159087 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15095195 de this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2965388  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid159087 
ground lacks merit and it should fail.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9393446 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1929919\charrsid9393446 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14161258\charrsid5266304 Ground 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10961556\charrsid16390267 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16086038\charrsid3291640 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [73]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16086038\charrsid3291640 This ground involves failure of the COA Judges to consider the Trial Judge\rquote s failure to giv
e cogent reasons in his judgment whilst overturning the unanimous opinion of not guilty of the assessors resulting in a substa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16603750\charrsid3291640 ntial and grave miscarriage of j}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16086038\charrsid3291640 ustice to the petitioner.  At this juncture, examination of the trial judge\rquote s reasoning embodied in the judgment of 16.9.2014 in this regard would become relevant.  In terms }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9132590\charrsid3291640 of section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16086038\charrsid3291640  237 (4) o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1208786\charrsid3291640 
f the Criminal Procedure Decree 2009, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9132590\charrsid3291640 if the presiding Judge disagrees with the opinion of the assessors, he must give written reasons for deferring from the op
inion and those reasons must be pronounced in open }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547504\charrsid3291640 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9132590\charrsid3291640 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9438588\charrsid3291640   When considering the judgment of the High Court Judge dated 16.9.2014, this matter has been dealt extensively.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14106978\charrsid3291640 
  Paragraph 5 of the said judgment is reproduced below: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16086038\charrsid3291640 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid10303572 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid3291640 \'935.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid16410148\charrsid16410148 If the presiding
 trial Judge disagrees with the opinion of the assessors, he must give written reasons for differing from the opinion and those reasons must be pronounced in open }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\insrsid16410148\charrsid16410148 . (Section 237(4) of the Criminal Procedure Decree). The reasons for differing with the 
opinion of the assessors must be founded on the weight of the evidence and must reflect the presiding Judge's view as to the credibility of witnesses. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\insrsid16410148\charrsid16410148 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid16410148\charrsid10303572 Ram Bali v Reginam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\super\insrsid10303572\charrsid4089243 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid10303572 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10303572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid10303572\charrsid10303572 Ram Bali v Reginam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid10303572  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10303572\charrsid10303572 (1960) 7 FLR 80 at 83}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid16410148\charrsid16410148 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid16410148\charrsid4089243 Shiu Prasad v Reginam}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\super\insrsid4089243\charrsid4089243 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid4089243 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4089243  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4089243\charrsid4089243 
Shiu Prasad v Reginam (1972) 18 FLR 70 at 73.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid16410148\charrsid16410148 . In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid16410148\charrsid4089243 Setevano v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\i\f0\super\insrsid4089243 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid4089243 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid4089243  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid4089243\charrsid4089243 Setevano v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid4089243\charrsid4089243  [1991] FJA 3 at 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid4089243 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\insrsid16410148\charrsid16410148 , the Court of Appeal stressed that the reasons of the presiding trial Judge: 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16410148 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid16410148 "...must be cogent and they should be clearly stated. In our view they must also be capable of withstanding critical examination in the light of the whole of the evidence presented in the trial." }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16410148 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410148 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2761159 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [74]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2761159 Further it is noted that the learned Judge had directed himself }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410148 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2761159  accordance with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410148 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2761159 
law and evidence contained in his summing up (paragraph 6 of the judgment).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1772149  It is evident from paragraph }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13201066 12 of the judgment}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410148 , even}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1772149  the demeanor of the witness, Sunita Devi has been considered.  Paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13201066 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1772149  23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13201066  \endash  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410148 25 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1772149  the judgment, he has considered medical evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13201066  in detail. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1772149  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14106978 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1772149 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid547504 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [75]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547504 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10641723 aving examined}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1772149  the High Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10641723 judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1772149 , I am satisfied that the reasons for differing }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15095195 from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1772149 the unanimous opinion of the assessors are sufficiently dealt with giving cogent reaso}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13201066 ns.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3290232   In paragraph 52 thereof he had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410148  been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3290232 
convinced that there is evidence beyond reasonable doubt against the accused to prove }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13201066 that he had committed the offenc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3290232 
e of murder. The said paragraph 52 is reproduced below:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1772149 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri4\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13400099\charrsid13400099 \'93
52. Considering the evidence before the Court which I extensively discussed in my summing up to the assessors, I am co
nvinced that there is evidence beyond reasonable doubt against the accused to prove that he had committed the offence of Murder as charged in the information. Evidence of the Sunita Devi establishes that the accused assaulted the deceased with an axe. The
 
doctor's evidence confirms that cause of death is due to skull fracture. If a person uses a weapon like axe on the head of another person with fast manner to cause high energy trauma the only rational conclusion to be drawn is that it was done with the in
t
ention to cause death. That inference satisfies me beyond reasonable doubt that the accused assaulted the deceased with the intention to cause his death. That inference is irresistible and inescapable on the evidence. The caution interview of the accused 
which was given voluntarily confirms the above position}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13400099 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13400099\charrsid13400099 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri720\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4089243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4855514\charrsid4855514 It is noteworthy that Doctor Kalugivaki who was called by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4855514 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4855514\charrsid4855514 rosecution had given evidence on the post-mortem report (P2) prepared by Dr. Ponnu Swamy Grounder. His evidence at P-182 of HC Record was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9967867\charrsid14974968 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4089243 :-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri4\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14974968 \'93C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9967867 ause of death was due to fracture of the skull from blunt weapon; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14974968   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9967867 possible cause of injuries 
\endash  Blunt weapon, something heavy that has been used in very fast manner to cause high energy }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14974968 trauma. When the question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5253008 
was asked -\lquote W}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7019965 ould an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14974968  axe be possible weapon?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12545119  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid870007\charrsid870007 Answer was \endash  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid870007 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid870007\charrsid870007 back }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14974968 of the axe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid870007  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7019965 could be the weapon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid870007 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14974968  In cross- examination his evidence was that fracture noted on the deceased was most possible from a single blow.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid7019965 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14974968   
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri720\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9967867\charrsid5074343 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13201066 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [76]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13201066 I take the liberty to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11223748 quote}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13201066  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16676583 the following passage from the Supreme Court decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16676583\charrsid4089243 Ram v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid4089243\charrsid4089243 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid4089243 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4089243  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4089243\charrsid4089243 Ram v State [2012] FJC 12; CAV 0001 (9 May 2012)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid4089243 .}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16676583\charrsid4089243  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16676583 where it was stated that:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14106978\charrsid16676583 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16676583 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16676583\charrsid16676583 
80. A trial judge's decision to differ from, or affirm, the opinion of the assessors necessarily invol}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3938158 ves an evaluation of the entiret}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16676583\charrsid16676583 y of the evidence led at the trial including the agreed facts, and so does the decision of the Court of Appeal where the 
soundness of the trial judge's decision is challenged by way of appeal as in the instant case. In independently assessing the evidence in the case, it is necessary for a trial judge or appellate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16676583\charrsid16676583  to be satisfied that the ultimate verdict is supported 
by the evidence and is not perverse. The function of the Court of Appeal or even this Court in evaluating the evidence and making an independent assessment thereof, is essentially of a supervisory nature, and an appellate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16676583\charrsid16676583  will not set aside a verdict of a lower }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16676583\charrsid16676583  unless the verdict is unsafe and dangerous having regard to the totality of evidence in the case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16676583 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16676583\charrsid16676583 . 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12077048\charrsid12077048 I should stress here when considering whether the HCJ has given cogent reasons, those must be founded on the weight of the entire evidence led at the trial and HCJ\rquote 
s views with regards to the credibility of witnesses and especially that must be capable of withstanding in the light of the entirety of evidence presented at the trial. He has given sufficient reasons in his judgment as to why the petitioner\rquote 
s version in his testimony was inconsistent, improbable and untrue. .Even the alibi put forward in his testimony has been rejected for the reasons spelt out in the judgment. I am satisfied with the reasons given by the HCJ. However, I am mindf
ul of the proposition that the petitioner doesn\rquote 
t have to prove his innocence, or prove anything at all. The burden to prove the guilt of the petitioner beyond reasonable doubt always lies with the prosecution throughout the trial and it will not shift to 
the petitioner at any stage. In other words prosecution must stand or fall on its own legs and it cannot derive any strength from the weakness in the defence case. On a careful scrutiny of the Learned Trial Judge\rquote 
s judgment in this case, I am satisfied tha
t when differing from the unanimous opinion of the assessors, he had correctly evaluated the entire evidence led at the trial and his ultimate verdict is well supported by the evidence placed before him and is not perverse. In view of the above, ground 4 
submitted to this Court lacks merit and this ground also should fail. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12077048\charrsid12077048  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10641723 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7483287\charrsid4991927 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [77]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7483287\charrsid4991927 When considering whether to grant enlargement of time, the necessity would always arise to consider whether the COA has sufficiently dealt with grounds urged before the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287 Court}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287\charrsid4991927  in their impugned judgment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287\charrsid5979309 
n the preceding paragraphs of this judgment I have considered the conclusions of the COA with regard to the grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287 
 of appeal submitted to it and I have already concluded that I am in agreement with the finding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2897075 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287  of the COA in rejecting those grounds. Further}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287\charrsid4991927 , I am inclined to the view that the grounds of appeal submitted to this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287\charrsid4991927 
 also need careful consideration}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287 , as to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287\charrsid4991927 whether any miscarriage of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287 
justice would be caused to the p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287\charrsid4991927 etitioner if those grounds are not allowed. I have dealt with those grounds under the sub}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287\charrsid4991927 head \endash  \lquote Grounds of appeal submitted to th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287 is Court\rquote . For the reasons spelt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287\charrsid4991927 
 out when dealing with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287 grounds submitted to this Court,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287\charrsid4991927  I have concluded that all grounds s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287 
ubmitted to this Court lack merit and those }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7483287\charrsid4991927 should fail. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14113015\charrsid5979309 In those circumstances}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5979309\charrsid5979309 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14113015\charrsid5979309  I find that there is no ground of merit justifying the Appellate Court\rquote s consideration.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13194649  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10641723\charrsid7483287 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5979309 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5979309\charrsid5979309 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [78]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5979309\charrsid5979309 I shall now advert to consider \endash  if time is enlarged, will the respondent be unfairly prejudiced.  The petitioner had been charged with regard to an offence alleged to have been committed on 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid5979309\charrsid5979309 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14895985  May 2011.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5262133  The matter had been pending for over 8 years. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2897075  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5979309\charrsid5979309 I have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14895985  already }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5979309\charrsid5979309 concluded that there are no grounds of appea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8744738 l that would probably succeed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5262133  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8744738 Failure of the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5262133  to move for enlargement of time in his first application or in the amended petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3749668 , has deprived the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8744738  respondent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3749668 of getting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8744738  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5262133 notice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3749668  of it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5262133 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8744738 
 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5979309\charrsid5979309 o e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14895985 xplanation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8744738  also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14895985  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2897075 has been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8744738  submitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5979309\charrsid5979309 
 by the petitioner for the delay in filing the first}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12981723  notice of appeal in this Court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5979309\charrsid5979309 
 In those circumstances, if time is enlarged grave prejudice will be caused to the respondent.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16466632 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16466632 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid864020\charrsid16466632 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [79]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid864020\charrsid16466632 The criteria for granting enlargement of time in a belated appeal in a criminal case is always much more stringent than for the grant of leave in a timely application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5716480\charrsid16466632  as observed in Rasaka }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1929919\charrsid16466632 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5716480\charrsid16466632  State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid864020\charrsid16466632 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5716480\charrsid16466632  This has been already discussed under the sub head \lquote Enlargement of time.\rquote  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid864020\charrsid16466632  For all the reasons enumerated above I conclude that the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6447213\charrsid16466632 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid864020\charrsid16466632  has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid228226\charrsid16466632  even at the lowest, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid864020\charrsid16466632 
failed to meet the threshold criteria enumerated in Section 7(2) of the Supreme Court Act, No.14 of 1998. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid864020\charrsid16466632 Enlargement of time is therefore refused.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid864020\charrsid16466632 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7220338\charrsid16390267 Jurisd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10622028\charrsid16390267 iction of the Supreme Court in Special Leave to A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid7220338\charrsid16390267 ppeal 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7220338 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [80]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 The Supreme Court is the final appellate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338  and it derives exclusive jurisdiction to hear and determine appeals from all final judgments of the Court of Appeal \endash  vide sub Sections 98
(4) of the Constitution, an appeal may not be brought to the Supreme Court from a final judgment of the Court of Appeal unless the Supreme Court grants leave to appeal.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338\charrsid7752137 
Section 98(4) states that:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7220338\charrsid9773154 \'93
An appeal may not be brought to the Supreme Court from a final judgment of the Court of Appeal unless the Supreme Court grants leave to appeal.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7220338 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [81]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 Section 7 of the Supreme Court Act No. 14 of 1998 also becomes relevant:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14895985 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 Section 7(1).  In exercising i
ts jurisdiction under Section 98 [formerly section 122] of the Constitution with respect to special leave to appeal in any civil or criminal matter, the Supreme Court may, having regard to the circumstances of the case-
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7220338 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 refuse to grant special leave to appeal;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7220338 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}
grant special leave and dismiss the appeal or instead of dismissing the appeal make such orders as the circumstances of the case require; or 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7220338 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}grant special leave and allow the appeal and make such other orders as the circumstances of the case require.

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 
Section 7(2).  In relation to a criminal matter, the Supreme Court must not grant special leave to appeal unless-
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7220338 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 a question of general legal importance is involved;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7220338 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}a substantial question of principle affecting the administration of criminal justice is involved; or 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7220338 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}substantial and grave injustice may otherwise occur}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14895985 
\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3813416\charrsid5979309 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3813416\charrsid4991927 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7220338 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [82]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 Further in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7220338\charrsid4089243 Aminiasi Katonivualiku v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid4089243 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid4089243 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4089243  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4089243\charrsid4089243 Aminiasi Katonivualiku v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4089243\charrsid4089243  (2003) FJSC Crim. App. No. CAV 0001/1999 (17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\super\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4089243\charrsid4089243 th }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4089243\charrsid4089243 April 2003)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4089243 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4089243 
 this Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338 clarified the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court at page 3 as follows:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7220338\charrsid9731181 \'93
It is plain from this provision that the Supreme Court is not a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7220338\charrsid9731181 
 of criminal appeal or general review nor is there an appeal to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7220338\charrsid9731181 
 as a matter of right and whilst we accept in an application for special leave some elaboration on the grounds of appeal may have to be entertained, the Court is necessarily confined 
within the legal parameters set out above, to an appeal against the judgment of the Court of Appeal which in this instance, was an order for new trial.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7220338\charrsid10441477 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338 When the Supreme Court is exercising its powers vested under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338\charrsid10441477 Section 7(2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4797846 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338 , it is not required to act as a 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\super\insrsid7220338\charrsid5129226 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338 
 of criminal appeal, but only will consider as to the question of law advanced is one of general legal importance or a substantial question of principle affecting the administration of criminal justice is involved 
or whether substantial and grave injustice may otherwise occur if leave is not granted.  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7220338\charrsid4932262 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [83]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7220338\charrsid4932262 In the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid7220338\charrsid14507718 
Livia Lila Matalulu and Anor v The Director of Public Prosecutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7220338\charrsid14507718 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid8198688 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid8198688 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8198688  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8198688\charrsid8198688 Livia Lila Matalulu and Anor v The Director of Public Prosecutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8198688\charrsid8198688 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8198688  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8198688\charrsid8198688 [2003] FJSC 2; [2003] 4 LRC 712 (17 April 2003)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8198688 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7220338\charrsid14507718 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7220338\charrsid4932262  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7220338\charrsid4932262 
their Lordships expressed the role of the Supreme Court of Fiji in special leave to appeal matters in the following words;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri4\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid7220338\charrsid4932262 \'93The Supreme Court of Fiji is not a }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid7220338\charrsid4932262 
 in which decisions of the Court of Appeal will be routinely reviewed. The requirement for special leave is to be taken seriously. It will not be granted lightly. Too low a standard for its grant undermines the authority of the Court of Appeal and distrac
t this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid7220338\charrsid4932262 
 from its role as the final appellate body by burdening it with appeals that do not raise matters of general importance or principles or in the criminal jurisdiction, substantial and grave injustice\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7220338 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [84]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338 In this jurisdiction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid478164 it has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid7220338  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338\charrsid10441477  re-affirmed the position that the criteria stipulated in Section 7(2) of the }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4397570 
HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/sca183/"}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\insrsid7220338\charrsid3960375 Supreme Court Act}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\psz1\linex0\headery568\footery424\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid10961733\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7220338\charrsid3960375  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338\charrsid10441477 
No. 14 of 1998 are extremely stringent and special leave to appeal should not be granted by this Court as a matter of course.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8198688  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338\charrsid10441477 
The following observations were made by this Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid7220338\charrsid8198688 Dip Chand v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\cf1\super\insrsid8198688\charrsid8198688 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\super\insrsid8198688 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8198688  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8198688\charrsid8198688 Dip Chand v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8198688 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8198688\charrsid8198688 CAV 004 of 2010 (9th May 2012)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9644227 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338\charrsid8198688  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338\charrsid10441477 would strengthen the above principle:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7220338 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri4\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid7220338\charrsid10441477 
"....Given that the criteria is set out in Section 7 (2) of the }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4397570 HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/sca183/"}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs21\insrsid7220338\charrsid3960375 Supreme}}}\sectd \ltrsect\psz1\linex0\headery568\footery424\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid10961733\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid7220338\charrsid3960375  }
{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4397570 HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/sca183/"}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\insrsid7220338\charrsid3960375 Court}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\psz1\linex0\headery568\footery424\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid10961733\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7220338\charrsid3960375  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4397570 
HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/sca183/"}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\insrsid7220338\charrsid3960375 Act}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\psz1\linex0\headery568\footery424\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid10961733\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid7220338\charrsid3960375  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid7220338\charrsid10441477 
No. 14 of 1998 are extremely stringent, and sp
ecial leave to appeal is not granted as a matter of course the fact that the majority of the grounds relied upon by the Petitioner for special leave to appeal have not been raised in the Court of Appeal makes the task of the Petitioner of crossing satisfy
ing (sic) the threshold requirements for special leave even more difficult."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid7220338 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li0\ri429\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin429\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid620957 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14163249 V}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547504 iewed in the above }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14163249 context}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5661417 , the petitioner has failed to meet the threshold for the grant of special leave stipulated in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 section 7(2) of the Supreme Court Act No. 14 of 1998.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid16466632 Thus leave to appeal against conviction is refused.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16676583\charrsid16466632 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid16466632 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid16390267 Sentence
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14448276\charrsid13845996 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845447\charrsid1845447 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [85]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1845447\charrsid1845447 By the sentencing order of the learned High Court Judge dated 26th September 2014, the Petitioner was sentenced for life imprisonment and not 
eligible for parole till completing 20 years imprisonment. As per paragraph 3 of the COA judgment the petitioner had lodged an appeal only against conviction in that Court. Further it appears that the ruling of the single judge of the COA, had granted lea
ve only against the conviction. After hearing, the COA had proceeded to dismiss the appeal and affirm the conviction and sentence. By paragraph 4 of the aforementioned amended petition, the petitioner has appealed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1845447 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1845447\charrsid1845447 he sentence also in this Court. Thus necessity has now arisen to examine the sentence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12073984\charrsid12073984 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [86]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12073984\charrsid12073984 
Paragraph 2 of the above order shows that the High Court Judge had been mindful of the fact that unanimous opinion of not guilty of the assessors was overturned and he proceeded to convict the Petitioner 
for the offence of murder.  The facts proved at the trial were summarized in paragraph 3 of his order, which are to the following effect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12073984 :- }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri288\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin288\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid7350256 \'93
You and your de facto wife were given work by the deceased in his farm. You have lived and worked there for about a
 week. On the date of the incident, you have assaulted the deceased with the back of an axe while the deceased was having his breakfast. This axe was used in a fast manner to cause skull fractures. Then you left the deceased injured and fled to your paren
t's house at Nadi with your de facto wife.
\par You were arrested few days later after your de facto wife informed her father about the incident. You have admitted the offence in your caution interview statement.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri289\sb100\sbauto1\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin289\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6968733\charrsid7350256 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15094438 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [87]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15094438 Further, i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 t appears from his order he had considered the detailed submissions and the authorities filed b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6447213 
y both parties on sentence and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260  fixing of the non-parole period.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14681260 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [88]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 In determining a non-parole period by a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260  Section 18 of the Sentencing and Penalties Act 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3938158 09 would become relevant.  This}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260  rea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3938158 ds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260  as follows:-
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\tx1134\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 \'9318. -\tab (1)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 Subject to sub-section (2), when a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724  sentences an offender to be imprisoned for life or for a term of 2 years or more the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724  must fix a period during which the offender is not eligible to be released on parole.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid1068318 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 (2)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 If a }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 
 considers that the nature of the offence, or the past history of the offender, make the fixing of a non-parole period inappropriate, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724  may decline to fix a non-parole period under sub-section (1).
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid1068318 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 (3)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 If a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 
 sentences an offender to be imprisoned for a term of less than 2 years but not less than one year, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 
 may fix a period during which the offender is not eligible to be released on parole.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid1068318 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 (4)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 
Any non-parole period fixed under this section must be at least 6 months less than the term of the sentence.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid1068318 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 (5)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 If a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 
 sentences an offender to be imprisoned in respect of more than one offence, any non-parole period fixed under this section must be in respect of the aggregate period of imprisonment t
hat the offender will be liable to serve under all the sentences imposed.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid1068318 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 (6)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 
In order to give better effect to any system of parole implemented under a law making provision for such a system, a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724  may fix a non-parole period in relation to sentences already being served by offenders, and to this extent this Decree may retrospective application.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid1068318 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 (7)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 
Regulations made under this Decree may make provision in relation to any procedural matter related to the exercise by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid2763724 s of the power under sub-section (6).
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1719216 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [89]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1719216 In terms of the above }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 Act of 2009, non-parole period has been defined as follows:- 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri146\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin146\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14178518 
"non-parole period" means any period fixed under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14178518 Part V}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14178518 
 during which an offender who is sentenced to a term of imprisonment is not eligible to be released on parol}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 e.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14178518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid14178518 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3604846\charrsid3604846 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [90]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3604846\charrsid3604846 
The sentencing Court is left with no discretion but to impose a mandatory sentence of life imprisonment for a person convicted of murder. 
 Under Section 18(1) above, subject to sub-section (2), when a Court sentences an offender to be imprisoned for life Court must fix a period during which the offender is not eligible to be released on parole. Said sub-section (2) has laid down the instanc
es that make the fixing of a non-parole period inappropriate. In my view, none of the instances spelt out in the above sub \endash 
 section 2 exist here. Thus under Section 18(1) of the above Act, because the sentence is a mandatory life term, non-parole period must be fixed. Then the discretion lies in deciding what the length of the non-period should be. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3604846\charrsid3604846 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14681260 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [91]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 In this regard I take the liberty to cite }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid9644227 Nacani Timo v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9644227 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid9644227 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9644227  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9644227\charrsid9644227 Nacani Timo v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9644227\charrsid9644227  CAV 0022 of 2018 \endash  30/8/2019}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9644227 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 , wherein it was observed that sentencing judge will have to give reasons on the question of whether a non-parole period should be fixed and if so, what should be the period. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14681260 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [92]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 In the sentencing order, the learned High Court Judge having weighed the a
ggravating factors against the mitigating circumstances laid out in paragraph 8 of the order had fixed the non-parole period as 20 years.  Paragraphs 8 and 9 of the said order are reproduced below:-
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri146\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin146\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817 \'938. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 Aggravating factors;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri146\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin146\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 (i)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 Use of a weapon
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 (ii)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 Nature of injuries on the deceased
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 (iii)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid1719216 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 The age of the deceased
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 (iv)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 You have shown no remorse for your conduct.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri146\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\jclisttab\tx1440\tx1843\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin146\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 9.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri146\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx567\jclisttab\tx1440\tx1843\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls16\adjustright\rin146\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 Mitigating circumstances;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri146\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin146\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 (i)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 You are first offender
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 (ii)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 You are 22 years old and therefore young offender
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260 (iii)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 You are the sole breadwinner of your family
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri146\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin146\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 
You were in remand from 8.5.2011 to 7.6.2011 for a period of 29 days and from18.10.2012 to 14.11.2012 for a period of 26 days.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817 \'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri146\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1985\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin146\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817\charrsid4281817 Following additional aggravating factors also had existed: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817\charrsid4281817 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817\charrsid4281817  Prior planning \endash 
having brought the axe the petitioner had asked Sunita Devi to go and sleep in the next room. In about five minutes she had heard the sound of a blow \endash  loud sound hitting someone}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817 ;}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817\charrsid4281817  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817\charrsid4281817 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817\charrsid4281817  This was a violent attack on an a defenceless man, having breakfast}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817 
; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817\charrsid4281817  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817\charrsid4281817 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817\charrsid4281817  Threats used by the petitioner to hide his criminal conduct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4281817\charrsid4281817  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617  
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3302857\charrsid3302857 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [93]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3302857\charrsid3302857 A trawl through the sentencing orders made for murder in}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3302857  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3302857\charrsid3302857 this jurisdiction amply demonstrates when deciding the non\endash 
parole period the sentencing Judge has to weigh aggravating factors against mitigating circumstances, those are peculiar to each case and also the non-parole period for murder varies widely depending on the circumstances peculiar to each case. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid14700971 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid3302857 State vs. Lepani}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1719216\charrsid3302857  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid3302857 Temo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid3302857 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid3302857 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3302857  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid3302857\charrsid3302857 State vs. Lepani Temo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid3302857   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid3302857\charrsid3302857 HAC 60/11, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8410669\charrsid8410669 [2012] FJHC 1130; HAC60.2011 (30 May 2012)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8410669 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8410669  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid14700971 non-parole terms was fixed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260  as 18 years.  Court proceeded to state as follows:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid14700971 This was a violent and unnecessary attack on a defenseless woman who was in fear of you despite your earlier loving relationship. T
o reflect that horrific crime and to protect the community for some time in the future, I order that you serve a minimum term of eighteen years for this offence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid14700971 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14681260 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [94]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 In the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid9644227 State vs. Rokete}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9644227 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid9644227 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9644227  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid9644227\charrsid9644227 State vs. Rokete}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid9644227 ,  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid9644227\charrsid9644227 2014] FJHC 114: HAC 084 of 2009 (4/3/2014)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid9644227 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9644227   }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 [2014] FJHC 114: HAC 084 of 2009 (4/3/2014) \endash  when sentencing for murder }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547504 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
 stressed upon the following principle: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri146\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin146\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 \'93For the offence of}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
 murder I have no option but to pass a sentence of life imprisonment.  That is the sentence fixed by law.  I do however have the discretion to determine a minimum term which you must serve before you are eligible for parole.  This Court said in Nilesh Cha
nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9644227 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid9644227 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9644227  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid9644227\charrsid15039429 Nilesh Chand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid9644227   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid9644227\charrsid9644227 
HAC 345 of 2013(Labasa)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
 a minimum term is set so that the community can be assured that persons taking the lives of others may serve a meaningful period in custody.  It was said that a murder with intention to kill will attract a longer term than a murder committed by }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid14765617 recklessness.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2969575 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969575\charrsid2969575 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [95]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2969575\charrsid2969575 In this regard I wish to cite the proposition of law enunciated in 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2969575\charrsid402407 Natini v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid8283921 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\super\insrsid8283921 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8283921  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8283921\charrsid8283921 Natini v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8283921  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8283921\charrsid8283921 AAU102 of 2010 : 3.12.2015 [2015] FJCA 15447}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid8283921 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2969575\charrsid2969575  to the following effect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8283921 :-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3754935  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2969575 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3754935 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8283921\charrsid8283921 \'93While leaving the discretion to decide on the non-parole period when s
entencing to the sentencing judge, it would be necessary to state that the sentencing judge would be in the best position in the particular case to decide on the non-parole period depending on the circumstances of each case.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8283921 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8283921 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14681260\charrsid13532911 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [96]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid13532911 
In view of the above analysis I am satisfied that the Learned High Court Judge has sufficiently addressed his mind - to whether a non-parole period should be fixed and if so what the period should be.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10832443\charrsid13532911 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14681260\charrsid12529524 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [97]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16075468\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid12529524 Considering all above,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10321268\charrsid12529524  I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid12529524  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12792542\charrsid12529524 conclude}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid12529524  that the Petitioner has failed to meet the threshold for grant of special leave enumerated in Section 7(2) of the Supreme Court Act of 1998.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9644227\charrsid12529524  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid12529524 Thus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9644227\charrsid12529524 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid12529524  I see no reason to grant leave to appeal against sentence.  Leave against sentence is also refused. Sentence imposed by the High Court is affirmed.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8283921\charrsid12529524 In the result, I would refuse enlargement of time, refuse leave to appeal against conviction and sentence, uphold the decision of the Court of Appeal and affirm the conviction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9571086\charrsid12529524 entered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8283921\charrsid12529524 and sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9571086\charrsid12529524  imposed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8283921\charrsid12529524  by the High Court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid12529524 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10963117 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5989976 Stock, J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7555082 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Introduction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13130653\charrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [98]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13130653\charrsid5989976 
I have had the advantage of reading in draft the judgment of Ekanayake J and find that I must respectfully disagree with that judgment and with the orders she proposes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976\charrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [99]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid5989976 
There are in my opinion a number of unsatisfactory features of the trial of this case in the High Court which are such as to warrant leave to appeal to this Court and to require that the appeal be allowed, and the conviction set aside.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par The time factor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976\charrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [100]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid5989976 
Before I turn to the facts of the case and the issues which are presented by the summing up and the judgment, I wish to bring to the fore the question of enlargement of time. I do so because I fundamentally, albeit respectfully, disagree with the appro
ach adopted by Ekanayake J in her judgment, both in respect of the general principles which are suggested and also in respect of the suggested effect of the delay in this particular case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976\charrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [101]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid5989976 The decision of the Court of Appeal in the present case was h
anded down on 4 October 2018. The original petition filed by the petitioner is dated 23 October 2018, well before expiry of the 42 days time limit to which Ekanayake J refers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 At paragraph [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid16151331 40}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5199919  above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid5989976 . The document was filed on 22 November 2018, which is
 49 days after the decision of the Court of Appeal which is to say, as her Ladyship points out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 At paragraph [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid16151331 46}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5199919  above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid5989976 , 7 days after expiry of the time limit. Yet I see on a typed copy of that petit
ion a stamp of the Suva Correctional Centre dated 23 October 2018. It seems to me therefore that we can safely assume that the prison authorities were handed the document by the petitioner well within the time limit, so that if there was indeed a delay in
 sending the petition to the court for filing, that was not a delay that can be laid at the petitioner\rquote s door. That should be an end of the matter, by which I mean that the time issue should on this basis alone be resolved in the petitioner\rquote 
s favour.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5850857 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5850857\charrsid10246150 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976\charrsid5850857 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [102]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid5850857 
But even if that were not so, even if the fault were his, we are talking here of a delay of a mere seven days. This is a case in which a petitioner has been sentenced to life imprisonment with a minimum term of twenty years. The notion that, in such a con
text, a delay of seven days should be considered a material factor seems to me to sit ill with any sense of justice; it would, in my respectful view, turn the administration of criminal justice into the administration of rules at the expense of justice. A
nd the proposition that this seven day delay is material becomes even less tenable \endash 
 if that were possible - in light of the fact that in this case, three assessors were of the opinion that the petitioner ought to be found not guilty, though by mentioning t
his, I should not be taken by any means to suggest that it is a determining factor; my view would be the same without it.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [102]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 I note the suggestion in her Ladyship\rquote s judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 At paragraph [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2252001 78}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 ] above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  that if time is enlarged grave prejudice will be
 caused to the respondent. What that prejudice may be is not stated. Nor was any suggested by the respondent; and I do not begin to see what prejudice has been, or could conceivably be, caused to the respondent by an enlargement of time in this case. The 
r
espondent could be expected to respond to an appeal or application for leave to appeal lodged in time, that is to say, on or before 15 November 2018. It would not be open to the respondent in such circumstance to assert any prejudice. So the prejudice whi
c
h the respondent would have to show would be a prejudice caused by or occasioned in the next 7 days. But nothing happened in those seven days. Nothing is even suggested to have happened in those seven days. Accordingly, the respondent was in no different 
position 49 days after the appeal was decided than it had been 42 days after the appeal had been decided. In short, there was no prejudice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [103]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Reference is made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 At paragraph [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid2252001 43}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5989976 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5199919  above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976  }}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  to the decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Kamlesh Kumar v State }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
as to factors to be taken into account when applications are made to enlarge time for leave to appeal. The first is the reason for the failure to file within time, as to which, in this particular case, the reason seems to have been an administrative one. 
T
he second factor is the length of the delay, as to which, in this particular case, the length of the delay could hardly have been shorter. The third factor is whether there is a ground of merit, as to which, in this particular case, it seems to me there c
learly is. The fourth factor relates to substantial delay which, in this particular case, does not arise. The fifth factor is whether the respondent will be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs28\insrsid5989976  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 unfairly prejudiced as to which, in this particular case, the answer is clearly \lquote No\rquote . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [104]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 I note reference to a series of cases cited in her Ladyship\rquote 
s judgment dealing with enlargement of time. They do not, however, support the suggested proposition that enlargement of time is generally permitted only in exceptional circumstances.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [105]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Ratnam v Kumarswamy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 (1964) 3 All ER 933, cited at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 paragraph [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid2252001 41}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 ] above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
 was a civil case in which an application was made to extend time to file a record of appeal. The Court of Appeal of the then Federation of Malaysia refused in the exercise of i
ts discretion to extend time and the basis of the judgment of the Privy Council was twofold. First, the Privy Council was asked to overturn the exercise of a discretion by a lower court, and their Lordships emphasised that a court \'93
will not interfere unless it is clearly satisfied that the discretion has been exercised on a wrong principle and should have been exercised in a contrary way or that there has been a miscarriage of justice  \'85
 . Upon questions of procedure the Board is slow to interfere with the discretion exercised by a local court \'85 .\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 at 934}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  Their Lordships expressed themselves satisfied \'93
that to allow this appeal would be substantially to interfere with the practice of the Board in regard to applications of this nature. The Board is not fa
miliar with the practice in local Courts and their Lordships are most unwilling to interfere with the exercise of their discretion upon questions of procedure.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 at 935}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
 Secondly, the case turned on the principle that in order to justify an extension of time \'93there must be some material upon which the Court can exercise its discretion\'94
 and the Privy Council in that case was satisfied that the Court of Appeal had been entitled to take the view that what had been placed before that Court \'93did not constitute
 material upon which they could exercise their discretion in favour of the appellant.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 at 935}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  The case is not authority for a rigid approach to extension of time 
and is palpably distinguishable from the present case before us. First, the present case before us is a criminal case and not a civil case and since criminal cases inevitably involve the liberty of the subject, a more generous approach is required. Second
ly, we are not here concerned with the exercise of discretion by a lower court as to enlargement of time and, thirdly, this is not a case in which it could}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs28\insrsid5989976  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 conceivably be said with any justification that there is no material upon which we can exercise our discretion as to enlargement of time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [106]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 R v Albert Sutherland}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 [1927] 28 SR (NSW) 26, cited at paragraph [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15362170 42}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 ] above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
 was a criminal case, but it too can readily be distinguished from the present case for it involved a delay of six months \endash  not seven days - and what the Court there said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5989976 At page 28}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  was that \'93such a long delay }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 as this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  could be excused if at all only in very exceptional circumstances\'94 where the words which I have emphasised \endash  \'93as this\'94 \endash 
 refer to a delay of six months on th
e facts of that case and, in context, are key words. The judgment does not establish any principle that an extension of time in which to appeal a conviction or a judgment in a criminal case may only be permitted in exceptional circumstances.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [107]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Gallo v Dawson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 [1990] HCA 30; (1990) ALR 479, cited at paragraph [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid10835876 45}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5989976 ] above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
was not a criminal case but in any event concerned an application made over 16 months out of time and, as the citation in paragraph [16] above shows, the court emphasised that the discretion to extend time is given in order to enable the court to do justi
c
e, so that it is a discretion which should be exercised in favour of the applicant for an extension of time where strict compliance with the rules will work an injustice upon the applicant. That is precisely what the petitioner in this case would assert i
f he were denied a remedy on the basis of the seven day delay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976\charrsid3754935 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid3754935\charrsid13070295 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [108]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Rasaku v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 Cited at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 paragraph [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid2252001 47}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 ] above.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  does not support the proposition suggested that, in general, the criteria for granting enlargement of time are much more stringent than for the grant of leave in a timely application. Indeed, it is significant to note that Rasaku
\rquote s application for special leave to appeal was dated only three days after pronouncement of the impugned judgment of the Court of Appeal although lodged some 10 months later and that the Supreme Court said, in his case, that his \'93
application for enlargement of time deserves to be considered with sympathy, as he has done the best he could as a prisoner undergoing a sentence of life imprisonment.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5989976 At [30] of the judgment in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5989976 Rasaku}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
 In our present case, the application is dated within the time limit and lodged one month later, a mere seven days out of time. The delay in the case of the other petitioner 
(Momoivalu) was almost a year which, not surprisingly, the Court considered less acceptable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [109]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 In short, therefore, a rigid and inflexible approach to enlargement of time, especially in criminal cases, which by definition involve the liberty of the 
subject, is contrary to fundamental principle. The circumstances will vary from case to case and require to be assessed in light of the factors specified in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Kamalesh Kumar v State}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 Kamalesh Kumar v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5989976  [2012] FJSC 17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 . Applying the approach specified i
n that case and for the reasons which I have given, I feel bound to suggest that to permit a delay of seven days \endash  even if it were the fault of the petitioner \endash 
 to constitute a barrier or hurdle would be contrary to established principle and incommensurate with fundamental justice. I would have no hesitation in extending time.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The evidence}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [110]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
I do not find it necessary to rehearse the evidence other than very broadly. The petitioner was aged 19 years at the date of the killing in question. He was living with Sunita Devi, a lady then aged 32. Both of them worked on a farm which was owned by the
 deceased. The evidence of Devi was that the deceased had made unwanted sexual advances to her. She reported this to the petitioner, who was angered by what he heard. On the morning in question, 3 May 2011, according to Devi\rquote 
s testimony, the deceased told h
im to chop some wood. The petitioner fetched an axe. He told her to go to another room. Then she heard a loud sound. She saw the petitioner with axe in hand and the deceased prone on the floor. The petitioner washed the axe and told Devi to pack. She did 
so and they left the house. They stopped a driver and secured a lift. They went to the dwelling of the petitioner\rquote 
s parents where, according to this testimony, the petitioner said that he had killed the deceased. She said in her evidence that she then calle
d her father but it emerged that she first spoke to her father some days later. She was arrested and charged with murder but the charge was not pursued. She gave evidence under an immunity from prosecution. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [111]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Devi\rquote s father testified that he had made contact with his daughter on 8 May and that she had told him that the petitioner had killed the deceased.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [112]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The deceased\rquote s body was discovered on 7 May. The petitioner was interviewed and confessed to the killing. He challenged the admissibility o
f the confession on the basis that he had been assaulted and that it was not made voluntarily. After a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid292117 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
, the confession was ruled admissible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [113]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The petitioner testified in his defence. His defence was that he had not killed the deceased. He and Devi had left the farm early in the morning of 3 May 2011 by which time the deceased had gone out to graze his horse.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The conviction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [114]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The assessors returned a unanimous opinion that the petitioner was not guilty. The judge did not agree with them and convicted the petitioner. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The confession}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [115]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  A significant part of the prosecution case was the confession by the petitioner. The admissibility
 of that confession was challenged on the basis of an alleged assault at the Namaka police station upon his arrest and of threats made and inhumane treatment whilst there. The interview of him which resulted in his confession took place the following day 
a
t the Crime Office of Rakiraki Police Station. Having received the testimony of police officers, of a Justice of the Peace, Mr Begg, who had been called in by the police as an independent witness to the interview, and of the petitioner, the trial judge ru
led the evidence to be admissible as having, in his judgment, been made voluntarily. There can thus far be no complaint. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [116]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 However, at the trial of the general issue, Devi was the main prosecution witness. She had not testified on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid3279026 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 . She
, as we have seen from my brief summary of the evidence, was with the petitioner in the house where, and at the time when, the petitioner is said to have killed the deceased in response to an allegation by her that the deceased had sexually harassed her. 
H
er testimony was highly incriminatory of the petitioner. However, what is significant for present purposes is the evidence she gave in cross-examination. She too had been arrested and taken to Namaka Police Station. She said in cross-examination that whil
s
t there, she saw the petitioner in the Crime Room. She saw him being assaulted by police officers. When asked by counsel for the petitioner for how long the assault took place, she said it had lasted about two to three minutes and that she had told the po
lice officers \'93not to do it.\'94 She was asked by counsel: \'93Did you tell him just to admit to police so that they will stop beating him?\'94 and she replied \'93Yes\'94
. Then it was put to her that she had told the petitioner to tell the police that the deceased had be
en touching her and that he, the petitioner, had then become angry (with the deceased). She accepted that she had told the petitioner to say these things to the police. Then this: \'93Isn\rquote t it true that was what police told you to say?\'94
 and she answered: \'93Yes\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [117]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
What was significant about this evidence is that it came from a witness who could hardly be said to have been favouring the petitioner. She had given damning evidence against him about the killing of the deceased yet her evidence accorded with 
the petitioner\rquote s testimony that he had been assaulted, that Devi had told him that police officers had suggested to her that he should say he had killed the deceased and that she had added that if he did not say so, he would be beaten again.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [118]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 When the assessors returned a unanimous opinion of not guilty, it fell to the trial judge to take their decision into account and to explain, if he differed, why he nevertheless was sure of the petitioner\rquote 
s guilt. In the event, he did differ from the assessors and delivered his judgment on 16 September 2014.  He dealt at some length, understandably, with the cautioned interview and it is evident that he placed considerable reliance on it. Indeed, he said: 
\'93The caution interview statement alone is sufficient to establish all the elements of the charge.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [119]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 In relation to the testimony of Devi, he said: \'93In my mind there is no doubt that she gave truthful evidence in Court. She was prompt in answering the questions put to her by the prosecution as well as the
 defence. She was not evasive in her answers. She told her father about the incident a few days after the incident.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 See however paragraphs [1}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid14300730 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid10255214 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 ] and [1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid14300730 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976 ] below}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  There were no contradictions in her evidence.\'94 That appears to be a considered and full endorsement by the judge of her credibility.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [120]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 So the question must be posed: Given the credibility of her testimony in the eyes of the judge, what was the effect of her testimony that she had witnessed the p
etitioner being assaulted, that the police told her to tell the petitioner what to say about the cause of his attack on the deceased, and that she told him to admit the offence to avoid a further beating? Shortly before he addressed the question of her cr
edibility in his judgment, the judge noted that she had said she saw an assault. Yet he says nothing of what he made of that testimony.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [121]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 As regards this point, the Court of Appeal commented that it failed to understand why the petitioner had not called Devi to testify on his own behalf on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid3279026 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
. That, in my respectful opinion, is not a valid consideration. First, the burden was not on the petitioner to prove that the statement was involuntary and secondly, she had been given an immunity from 
prosecution and the prosecutor intended to call her as the main prosecution witness on the general issue so that it would have been a bold move for those advising him to call her as a witness.  But in any event, such a suggestion does not address what in 
f
act transpired, which was that on the general issue, she testified and she gave evidence, which the judge did not exempt from his acceptance of her credibility, which  went directly to the reliability of the confession so that, in my judgment, it was incu
mbent of the judge in his judgment to explain why, in the face of that evidence and his favourable assessment of her credibility, he nevertheless found it safe to rely on the confession. He did not do so.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [122]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 A further reason given by the Court of Appeal for concluding that the point did not avail the petitioner on appeal was that the petitioner had failed to ask for \'93a re-direction on the matter at the conclusion of the Summing Up.
\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  This, with respect, is difficult to follow, for on this issue there w
as no basis on which to seek a re-direction in respect of the summing up, because in the summing up the judge had reminded the assessors of Devi\rquote 
s evidence and had given an adequate direction on their approach to the alleged confession were they to take th
e view that it had not been made freely. The problem which presents itself is a problem arising from the subsequent judgment by the trial judge, the terms of which counsel for the petitioner could not anticipate and there was nothing he could do about it 
once the judgment was delivered. And the problem remains that the judge neither explained in that judgment what he made of that part of Devi\rquote 
s testimony about the beating and what she told the petitioner, nor, if he disregarded it, why he disregarded it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [123]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 In fairness to the Court of Appeal, I recognise that the relevant ground of appeal before that Court was that, in the light of the evidence of Devi, the confession should not have been admitted in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10648477 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 . That was a strange complaint to make given that she had not testified in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10648477 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 . It would appear from the Court of Appeal\rquote 
s judgment that the issue of voluntariness was not pursued in argument before that Court but rather the question of the truthfulness of the confession in light of Devi\rquote 
s testimony that she had urged the petitioner to tell the truth. That approach also rather missed the central point. Where counsel might legitimately be criticised in relation to the defence approach at the trial itself is in the failure, after Devi
\rquote s testimony, to invite the judge to revisit the ruling on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10648477 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
 and it may be that this is what the Court of Appeal had in mind when referring to the failure to seek a re-direction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [124]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Given the imp
ortance of the confession to the decision of the trial judge, the unsatisfactory way in which the ground was framed in the Court of Appeal should not, in my judgment, preclude consideration of the complaint as it is now couched, not least because the effe
ct of Devi\rquote s evidence as to the beating and what she said to the petitioner was raised before that Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 

\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [125]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Much is made of the testimony of the independent witness in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid14313845 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
, Mr Begg, that at the interview, the petitioner appeared normal and 
said that he had not been assaulted. That evidence was, of course, highly relevant, tending to suggest that there had not in fact been an assault. Yet the assaults alleged by the petitioner were said to have taken place not at the police station where the
 interview was conducted but the previous day at a different police station and Mr Begg conceded in cross-examination that he had not asked the petitioner \'93whether he was assaulted before\'94. It is not clear whether by \'93before\'94
 he was referring to earlier on 
the day of the interview or to the previous day. Be that as it may, if the testimony of Devi was correct, namely, that on that previous day she had seen the petitioner assaulted and had conveyed to him the message that unless he confessed he would be beat
e
n further, the question which the judge had to address was whether that was or might be true and if so whether, despite what Mr Begg saw and might have been told, the effect of such impropriety as may have taken place the previous day and of what Devi had
 told the petitioner to say, might explain the petitioner\rquote s conduct in the presence of Mr Begg the following day and might render inadmissible the admissions made in his presence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Hearsay and recent complaint}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [126]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 One of the witnesses for the prosecution was Devi\rquote s father, Subramani Mudaliar. He was called to give evidence of a telepho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5001563 ne call with Devi on 8 May 2011}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  that is five days after the date on which the killing is said to have taken place. In examination-in-
chief, he said that she had telephoned him and had said that she needed the police because the petitioner had killed the man at the place they were staying, and she asked him to report the matter to the police. He then called the deceased\rquote 
s brother and then the police called him, Mr Mudaliar. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [127]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 In cross-examination, however, he accepted that it was he who had called his daughter and that he had told her that the man they were staying with was dead. In other words, her revelation to him about the kil
ling was not instigated by her; it was in response to a call and query made by him. He confirmed in cross-examination that all he could offer was what his daughter had told him.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [128]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 It is difficult to discern the basis upon which this evidence was dee
med admissible. If it was called to establish the truth of what Devi had told him, it was inadmissible hearsay because it was evidence of a statement made by someone other than the witness testifying and was adduced to establish the truth of what that oth
er person had said.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [129]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 I note that the Court of Appeal said that this was not hearsay evidence but only a repetition of the evidence already given by Devi. That, with respect, is not an answer to the problem posed. Inadmissible evidence of one witness
 does not become admissible evidence merely on the footing that it accords with the evidence of another witness. It was clearly hearsay evidence and unless it fell within a recognised exception to the rule against hearsay in criminal proceedings, it was i
nadmissible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs28\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [130]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 In his summing up to the assessors, the judge said that the prosecution had called this evidence:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 \'93\'85
. to establish that Sunita Devi had told her father about this incident on the first available opportunity. If you accept this evidence beyond reasonable doubt you have to decide whether under the circumstances Sunita Devi made a recent complaint.\'94

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid7555082\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [131]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 There are several fundamental problems with that direction:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
(1) recent complaint is only available as an exception to the rule against hearsay in criminal proceedings in sexual cases. This was not a sexual case and in any event Devi was not a complainant; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
(2) a complaint in sexual cases is only recent if it is made at the first opportunity which reasonably presents itself.  Devi\rquote 
s report to her father was made five days after the alleged killing and, even ignoring the fact that it was not a report by a complainant in a sexual case, it could not be said to have been made at the first opportunity which reasonably presented i
tself and, accordingly, it was not appropriate to categorise it as a recent complaint; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
(3) in any event, even in cases of sexual offences where evidence of recent complaint is admitted, the complaint is not evidence of its truth; it goes, rather, to co
nsistency. In the present case, the judge did not explain to the assessors that the statement by Devi to her father could not on any view be taken as establishing the truth of what Devi had told her father.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [132]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 It would appear from the direction which
 the judge gave the assessors that the evidence may have been tendered to establish a prior consistent statement by Devi, thereby to bolster her credibility. But if that was the basis of tendering the evidence, that too was not a permissible, for the fund
amental rule is that:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af13\insrsid13070295 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af13\insrsid5989976 \loch\af0\dbch\af13\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
The evidence of a witness cannot be corroborated by proving statements to the same effect previously made by him; nor will the fact that his testimony is impeached render such evidence admissible.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976\charrsid5441144 R v Coll}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid5989976  (1889) 25 L.R. Ir 522 at 541}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe0\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [133]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 It is otherwise if the evidence is adduced to rebut an allegation of recent fabrication. But that was not, so far as I can tell, alleged against her in this case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [134]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 In the circumstances, I am unable to identify any basis at all upon which this evidence was admissible. It should not have been tendered and it should not have been relied upon.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [135]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 It is right to note that counsel for the petitioner apparently aban
doned this point on appeal. He should not have done and in my opinion that abandonment should not preclude this Court from addressing it. In noting that abandonment, the Court of Appeal quite rightly considered whether the abandonment was justified. \'93
\'85 rightly so,\'94 said the Court of Appeal of the abandonment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0
\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 See Court of Appeal judgment at paragraph [26]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
 and then, in a few words, gave its reasons for deeming the abandonment to be justified, reasons which I have earlier found to be unsustainable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid5403251  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5989976 See paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4614670 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4614670 12}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid3833158 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid4614670 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976  above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
 No doubt if the Court of Appeal, having thus considered the question, had concluded that the hearsay point was a valid one and material, it would have said so and determined the appeal with that finding in mind, despite counsel\rquote s mi
sguided proposal to abandon it. In a criminal appeal, an appellate court, in deciding whether a conviction is safe, would be failing in its duty if it ignored a material meritorious ground merely on the basis that counsel is minded not to pursue it. In th
e present case, the hearsay point is far from academic. It is obvious that the judge placed reliance on the evidence of the father. He said in his judgment that he had watched the father testify and \'93
there is no doubt in my mind that he is telling the truth.\'94 There is no other conclusion to be drawn but that the judge considered the evidence of the father about what his daughter told him to be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13582455  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
evidence which bolstered the case against the petitioner. In so doing, he unfortunately misdirected himself; it was a highly material misdirection and, in my judgment, this Court would be remiss in not recognising it simply because it was not pursued eith
er in the Court of Appeal or in this Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The consequence thus far}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [136]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 There were two central pillars of the prosecution case. One was the confession, the other the testimony of Devi. The question whether weight could be attached to the confession was therefore crucial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13582455 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13582455  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
in that regard, the judge has not explained the impact of material evidence which emerged in cross-examination of Devi, that should have raised questions about the voluntariness and reliability of that confession. On the second ce
ntral pillar, the inculpatory testimony of Devi, the judge treated that as bolstered by evidence which was inadmissible. It is difficult to see how the conviction can properly be sustained in the light of these factors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [137]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 These two issues suffice, in my judgment, to dispose of this appeal in favour of the petitioner but there are two more issues which merit attention.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid5989976\charrsid10246150 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Intent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 

\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [138]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The judge correctly directed the assessors on the elements of the offences of murder and of manslaughter as defined b
y sections 237 and 239 of the Crimes Act. In order to establish murder, it was incumbent on the prosecution to prove that the petitioner intended to cause death or was reckless as to causing death. Absent that intention or recklessness, an intent to cause
 serious harm is not sufficient to establish murder but is sufficient to establish manslaughter.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 

\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [139]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The cause of death as assessed by the medical expert was a fracture of the skull caused by a blunt weapon; something heavy had been used in a very fast
 manner to cause high-energy trauma, he said. It was possible that the weapon could have been the back of an axe and when asked whether it was his opinion that the fracture could have been caused by a single blow his answer was: \'93
Most possible could be from a single blow.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [140]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 In his judgment, the judge said that if a person used a weapon like an axe on the head of another person in a fa
st manner to cause high-energy trauma the only rational conclusion was that the act had been done with the intention to cause death. \'93
That inference satisfies me beyond reasonable doubt that the accused assaulted the deceased with the intention to cause hi
s death. That inference is irresistible and inescapable on the evidence. The caution interview of the accused which is given voluntarily confirms the above position.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [141]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 But the cautioned interview, far from confirming an intention to cause death, specifically asserted the contrary. The record of interview adduced at trial contained the following questions and answers:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\'93Q 132 You told us you struck [the deceased] with an axe. Was the blade facing up or down?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
A. Opposite end of the blade not the side used to chop fire wood.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
Q 133 Why did you hit him with the opposite end of the axe?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 A. I only wanted him to knock him out and I also know if I use the sharp end it cause death.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 

\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [142]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Then, a little later in the course of the interview, he said that he 
had told his mother and father that he had rendered the deceased unconscious and when asked at the end of the interview whether he wished to say anything else he said: \'93My intention was not to kill [the deceased] only to make him unconscious.\'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 

\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [143]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Thi
s assertion by the petitioner that he had specifically used the blunt end of the axe because he did not wish to kill the deceased went to the key issue whether the prosecution had established an intent to kill. Yet it is a remarkable fact that this highly
 
material assertion by the petitioner was not mentioned by the judge either in that part of the summing up which summarised the ingredients of the possible offences or in that part of the summing up which referred to the interview or at all. Whilst it is n
o
t incumbent on a trial judge to remind the assessors of all the evidence, it seems to me incumbent on a trial judge to draw attention to evidence which represents the core of an available defence. The fact that the petitioner did not advance lack of inten
t
 to kill as his defence, since he was denying any involvement in the killing, is not to the point since it was raised on the evidence. What is more, the judge in his summing up had specifically advised the assessors (and therefore himself) that if the ans
w
ers in interview were freely made, they were to consider whether the assertions in them were true. That does not mean, of course, that they were to treat the assertions either as all true or all false yet it was surely incumbent on the judge to draw the a
ttention of the assessors to the evidential basis on which the prosecution sought to establish an intention to kill but, at the same time, to such evidence which might suggest an absence of an intention to kill which, in this case, included the petitioner
\rquote s assertion during the interview that had he intended to kill, he would have used  the sharp end of the axe and, possibly, the medical evidence that the injuries were most possibly caused by a single blow. He did not do so.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid5989976\charrsid12666749 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [144]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Neither do we find any r
eference at all in the judgment of the trial judge to the assertions by the petitioner in the course of his interview as to lack of intent, as evidenced by his decision to use the blunt rather than the sharp end of the axe and his assertion \endash 
 implicit by his reference to only causing unconsciousness- that when he left the scene of the attack, he thought the deceased was alive. I note from the judgment, at paragraph 33, that the judge said that: \'93
I further hold that facts in this caution interview statement are truthful,\'94
 yet that, on its face, sits uncomfortably with his finding of an intent to kill. He then mentions Question and Answer 132 to which I have referred in the preceding paragraph, but not the exculpatory questions and answers which follow. He say
s, in relation to Question and Answer 132, that it is a question and answer which is important to consider, but does not say why it is important. He merely follows it by saying that the caution interview statement alone is sufficient to establish all the 
elements of the charge.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [145]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 None of this is to suggest that the judge was bound to accept the petitioner\rquote s assertion that he did not intend to kill and it may be said to be implicit in his finding that an intention to kill (recklessness was not the bas
is of his verdict) was the only reasonable inference to draw, that he rejected the assertion. But this is a murder case, where the difference between murder and manslaughter, in terms of culpability and sentence is significant; and where a trial judge fai
l
s to allude at all to a specific contention by a defendant that he did not intend to kill and, indeed, so used his weapon to avoid killing, it is difficult to rest assured that the judge addressed his mind to that contention and to its basis. In any event
,
 the failure to allude to it at all and to analyse it in the light of the medical evidence is in the circumstances material and provides a further basis upon which to conclude that the conviction cannot be allowed to stand.  In so saying, I recognise that
 it is not raised as a ground of appeal but, as I have earlier intimated,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs28\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5989976 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs33\f0\super\insrsid5989976 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 \tab Paragraph [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid3833158 135}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 ] above}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057\langfenp0\insrsid15039429 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  where a material omission, not raised by counsel, is obvi
ous to an appellate tribunal, that tribunal should not turn a blind eye. There is too much at stake both in terms of principle and the individual case, to do that.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Care warning}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [146]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
The gravamen of the ground of appeal in this regard is that the trial judge, both in his summing up and in his subsequent judgment, failed to provide a warning or sufficient warning as to the care with which the testimony of Devi should be approached.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [147]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 In his summing up, the judge, having summarised Devi\rquote s testimony said this:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 \'93
42. \'85 I should give you legal directions to understand who is an accomplice. If a witness is an accomplice it is my duty to warn you that you should look for independent cor
roboration of that evidence and it is not safe to convict a person on uncorroborated testimony of an accomplice. Further it must be evidence which implicates an accused person that is, which confirms in some material particular not only the evidence that 
the crime has been committed but also that the accused person committed it. Sunita Devi was arrested, charged and then given immunity by the prosecution. That does not make her an accomplice. Who is an accomplice? Persons who are }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid2972842 participes criminis (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 one wh
o has a share in crime: accessory) in respect of the actual crime charged, as principal or accessories before or after the fact (in felonies).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 43. The evidence given by Sunita Devi at the trial clearly places her at the scene of the crime. Is that evidence make you to conclude that she is a principal or accessory after the fact. Is Sunita Devi\rquote 
s evidence tainted by an improper motive? There is no evidence that Sunita Devi took any part in commission of the crime or that she aided or abetted the crime. The m
ere presence at the scene does not make a person liable for the crime. However she had failed to report to any person until she called her dad. You have to consider whether that is possible due to the fact she was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid2972842 de}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2972842\charrsid2972842  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid2972842 facto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976  partner of the accused at that time and living with the accused\rquote s family.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [148]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 We know that the assessors were of the opinion that the appropriate verdict was one of not guilty. Therefore, the reasoning in the judgment which followed is necessarily material. On the question of Devi\rquote s
 evidence and his approach to it, the judge said:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par \'9313. She cannot be considered as an accomplice. There is no evidence that either she took any part of the crime or she aided or abetted the accused. Therefore there is no need to look for independent corro
boration of her evidence. Sunita Devi was arrested, charged and then given immunity by the prosecution. That does not make her an accomplice. However, she had failed to report to any person up to 8.5.2011. Considering the fact that she was with the accuse
d and his family all this time and that she feared the accused will kill her as well this delay is explained.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 

\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [149]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The judge appears to have said that because there was no evidence that she took part in the crime or aided or abetted the petitioner, the
re was no need to look for support for her evidence. But the conclusion that she was not or may not have been an accomplice or an aider and abetter was a conclusion drawn in the light of her evidence so that, in a sense, the judge was putting the cart bef
ore the horse. The question was not whether, having heard her evidence, he was satisfied that she was not an aider and abettor but rather whether in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 approaching }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 her evidence from the outset, there was any basis, other than a fanciful basis, to require that her evidence be approached with caution. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 

\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [150]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
What could not be ignored was the fact that not only had she been arrested on suspicion of this murder but she had also been charged with it. And it is significant to note that that charge followed an interview which she had given to the police. Whilst we
 do not have a copy of that record of interview \endash 
 and there is no indication that it was produced in evidence - one must assume that the decision to charge her was based either on that interview or, if not, then on some other material which the police deeme
d sufficient to warrant a charge. And the matter does not end there. Whilst the charge against her was indeed dropped, she testified under an immunity from prosecution. It follows - at least, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, one must assume as 
much in the petitioner\rquote s favour - that the immunity protected her from proceedings in respect of conduct by her which was, allegedly, culpable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 

\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [151]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 I confess that I have not found this particular issue easy, because it arises in an unusual context, nam
ely, where the prosecution does not present a witness as an accomplice and the witness disavows any assertion of complicity and yet the witness testifies under an immunity from prosecution, the background to which immunity is not revealed. What was requir
e
d, in these unusual circumstances, was a direction by the trial judge to himself, which was nuanced to accord with this unusual setting. He ought, in my judgment, in approaching her evidence, to have recognised that whilst there was no evidence before the
 court of her conduct on the day of the alleged offence other than her self-exculpatory testimony and the petitioner\rquote 
s alleged confession, she had been charged with the offence and that that fact combined with an immunity from prosecution might mean that sh
e had an interest of her own to protect and that, accordingly, that fact or that possibility was to be taken into account in determining whether her testimony was or was not reliable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12529524  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12529524\charrsid12529524 The fact that she had been charged and the fact that she was testifying 
under an immunity were not matters which in themselves necessarily or inevitably rendered her evidence unreliable but they were factors, together with the background to those factors, which had to be taken into account in deciding whether or not it was, i
n all the circumstances, safe to rely on her evidence as against the petitioner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 

\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [152]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Whilst it is obvious from the summing up that the judge was aware that Devi had been charged with murder and was testifying under immunity,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14956411\charrsid14956411 
 the judgment of the trial judge says in terms that there was no need to look for corroboration}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
 and seems thereby to exclude the need to approach her testimony with particular care in the light of that history. It seems to me that such a warning to himself was needed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 

\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [153]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 I would add only, on this particular subject, that whilst it is said at paragraph [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2574701 68}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
] above that it was never suggested to Devi at trial by the petitioner\rquote s counsel that Devi was an accomplice, that is not quite correct. Whilst the word \'93accomplice\'94 was not use
d an accusation was nevertheless made. The following question and answer are recorded in the transcript or note of the proceedings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par \'93Q. I put it to you are implicating my client to save yourself?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 A.   No I am not doing this to save myself.\'94
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7555082 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [154]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 The allegation was not then pursued. That was not a satisfactory way to proceed for, if counsel was to make the allegation, it was incumbent upon him to put to the witness the basis for it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 Conclusions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [155]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 For the reasons I have provided, I would grant th
e petitioner leave to appeal out of time against the judgment of the Court of Appeal dated 4 October 2018. I would do so on the basis that substantial and grave injustice may otherwise occur and also on the basis that questions of general legal importance
 
are involved, as to which I have in mind the proper application of the rule against hearsay, the need for trial judges to acknowledge and address central defences raised, and the need to tailor care warnings to the circumstances of a particular case. I wo
uld treat the hearing of the application for leave as the hearing of the appeal, allow the appeal, set aside the judgment of the Court of Appeal and set aside the petitioner\rquote s conviction for murder rendered by the judgment dated 26 September 2014.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs28\insrsid5989976  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5989976\charrsid11819454 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid11819454\charrsid3214898 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [156]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 
I canvassed with counsel during the hearing of the application for leave to appeal whether this was a case in which it was appropriate to apply the proviso contained in section 23 of the Court of Appeal Act. What I had in mind was the fact that the interv
iew of the petitioner was conducted in the presence of an independent witness, Mr Begg, who noticed nothing untoward. But it was correctly pointed out to me - and this is a matter to which I have referred at paragraph [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10497791 125}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5989976 ] above - that the alleged assault
 upon the petitioner was said to have taken place not at the police station where the interview was conducted but the previous day at a different police station. It is also relevant, though not decisive of the issue, that this was a case in which the asse
ssors had returned a unanimous opinion of not guilty. I have not, in the circumstances, thought it an appropriate case in which to apply the proviso.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11819454\charrsid11819454 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11819454 

\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5989976\charrsid11819454 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [157]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn 
\pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5989976\charrsid11819454 
I agree with the order proposed by Marsoof J., namely, that, subject to the discretion, or at the election, of the Director of Public Prosecution, there be a re-trial. I was originally minded to the view that the order for a retrial should not be qualifie
d
 by any reference to the discretion or election of the Director. However, in the event, I can see why that qualification is appropriate. The (majority) judgment of this Court is that the hearsay evidence was inadmissible; it will remain inadmissible on a 
retrial. There was a flaw in the first instance judgment in respect of the voluntariness of the confession which therefore, on a retrial, would fall to be addressed anew on a retrial. The reliability of Devi\rquote 
s evidence may or may not be affected by the circumstances which led to her arrest, charge and immunity in respect of which, importantly for the purpose of the present point, the content of Devi\rquote 
s cautioned interview is not known to this Court but is no doubt within the Director\rquote s knowledge. Rendering th
e order as subject to his election should not, in my opinion, be read as an intimation by this Court against a retrial but rather as a recognition that the Director will have a full and up to date picture before him.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11819454\charrsid11819454  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11819454\charrsid11819454 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11819454\charrsid413701 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13309167\charrsid10963117 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [158]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx0\tx567\wrapdefault{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls28\pnrnot0\pndec\pnfs24\pnstart102\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb [}{\pntxta ]}}\hyphpar0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13309167\charrsid10963117 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid266200\charrsid10963117  note that Ekanayake J has a
ddressed the question of sentence. In the light of my conclusion as to conviction, it is unnecessary for me to address sentence. I should say, however, that whilst the original notice, dated 23 October 2018, seeks leave to appeal against sentence, I did n
ot understand that application to be pursued. It does not form part of the amended petition seeking leave, and was not the subject of any written or oral submissions before us.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5140884 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14681260\charrsid4869174 Order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11364228\charrsid4869174 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14681260\charrsid4869174 
 of the Court are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11364228\charrsid4869174 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14681260 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15289004 (by majority decision)
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid266200 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2783784\charrsid4869174 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12792542\charrsid12792542 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12792542\charrsid12792542 Enlargement of time }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15289004 is allowed;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12792542\charrsid12792542 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15892262 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15892262 Application for l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid12792542 eave to appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15892262 is allowed;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid12792542  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15892262 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15892262 Appeal is allowed and the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2572864  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15892262 judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2572864  o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15892262 f the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2572864  Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid12792542  of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15892262  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2572864 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15892262  set aside; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid12792542  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2572864 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2572864 The c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid12792542 onviction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13778537 is quashed and the sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5665276  imposed by the High Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13778537 is set aside;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2572864  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5665276 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5665276 The c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13778537 ase to be retried }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13778537\charrsid13778537 at the election of the Director of Public Prosecutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13778537 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2572864 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2572864 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}The Petitioner to revert to remand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11343823 
 custody subject to further orders of the High Court;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5665276  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11343823  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2235064 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s20 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11343823\charrsid2235064 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 7.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s20\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx426\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11343823\charrsid2235064 
The Petitioner to be produced before the High Court within 14 days of the date of this judgement.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2572864\charrsid2235064   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14681260\charrsid2235064  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15892262\charrsid2235064 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li5387\ri0\widctlpar\tx5812\tqr\tx9072\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5387\itap0\pararsid11609445 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11609445 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li5387\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tx720\tx1418\tqr\tx9072\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5387\itap0\pararsid11609445 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11609445 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s20\qc \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tqr\tx9072\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11609445 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx5387\tqr\tx9072\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid5376297\charrsid5140884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx5812\tqr\tx9072\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14897338 Hon. Mr. Justice Saleem Marsoof}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5376297\charrsid14897338 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5376297 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1474538 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qc \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tqr\tx9072\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474538 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15892262 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqr\tx9072\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1474538\charrsid5140884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx5812\tqr\tx9072\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14897338\charrsid14897338 Hon. Ms}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474538\charrsid14897338 . Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14897338\charrsid14897338 Chandra Ekanayake}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474538\charrsid14897338 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1474538 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\qc \li0\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\tqr\tx9072\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474538 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid266200 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqr\tx9072\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1474538\charrsid5140884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx5812\tqr\tx9072\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474538\charrsid413701 Hon. Mr. Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14897338\charrsid413701 Frank Stock}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474538\charrsid413701 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1474538 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx5812\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5140884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1474538 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx5812\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1474538 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14361658 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12070754 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14361658 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12994130 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9794304\charrsid9794304 Solicitors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9198475 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12994130 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14897338 Office of the Legal Aid Commission for the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12994130\charrsid9198475 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10175032 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14897338 Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9794304\charrsid9198475 for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14897338 State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10175032\charrsid8467113 {\*\bkmkstart _GoBack}
{\*\bkmkend _GoBack}
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4869174 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425866\charrsid4869174 
\par }{\*\themedata 504b030414000600080000002100e9de0fbfff0000001c020000130000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6cac91cb4ec3301045f748fc83e52d4a
9cb2400825e982c78ec7a27cc0c8992416c9d8b2a755fbf74cd25442a820166c2cd933f79e3be372bd1f07b5c3989ca74aaff2422b24eb1b475da5df374fd9ad
5689811a183c61a50f98f4babebc2837878049899a52a57be670674cb23d8e90721f90a4d2fa3802cb35762680fd800ecd7551dc18eb899138e3c943d7e503b6
b01d583deee5f99824e290b4ba3f364eac4a430883b3c092d4eca8f946c916422ecab927f52ea42b89a1cd59c254f919b0e85e6535d135a8de20f20b8c12c3b0
0c895fcf6720192de6bf3b9e89ecdbd6596cbcdd8eb28e7c365ecc4ec1ff1460f53fe813d3cc7f5b7f020000ffff0300504b030414000600080000002100a5d6
a7e7c0000000360100000b0000005f72656c732f2e72656c73848fcf6ac3300c87ef85bd83d17d51d2c31825762fa590432fa37d00e1287f68221bdb1bebdb4f
c7060abb0884a4eff7a93dfeae8bf9e194e720169aaa06c3e2433fcb68e1763dbf7f82c985a4a725085b787086a37bdbb55fbc50d1a33ccd311ba548b6309512
0f88d94fbc52ae4264d1c910d24a45db3462247fa791715fd71f989e19e0364cd3f51652d73760ae8fa8c9ffb3c330cc9e4fc17faf2ce545046e37944c69e462
a1a82fe353bd90a865aad41ed0b5b8f9d6fd010000ffff0300504b0304140006000800000021006b799616830000008a0000001c0000007468656d652f746865
6d652f7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c0ccc4d0ac3201040e17da17790d93763bb284562b2cbaebbf600439c1a41c7a0d29fdbd7e5e38337cedf14d59b
4b0d592c9c070d8a65cd2e88b7f07c2ca71ba8da481cc52c6ce1c715e6e97818c9b48d13df49c873517d23d59085adb5dd20d6b52bd521ef2cdd5eb9246a3d8b
4757e8d3f729e245eb2b260a0238fd010000ffff0300504b030414000600080000002100aa5225dfc60600008b1a0000160000007468656d652f7468656d652f
7468656d65312e786d6cec595d8bdb46147d2ff43f08bd3bfe92fcb1c41b6cd9ceb6d94d42eca4e4716c8fadc98e344633de8d0981923c160aa569e943037deb
43691b48a02fe9afd936a54d217fa17746b63c638fbb9b2585a5640d8b343af7ce997bafce1d4997afdc8fa87384134e58dc708b970aae83e3211b9178d2706f
f7bbb99aeb7081e211a22cc60d778eb97b65f7c30f2ea31d11e2083b601ff31dd4704321a63bf93c1fc230e297d814c7706dcc920809384d26f951828ec16f44
f3a542a1928f10895d274611b8bd311e932176fad2a5bbbb74dea1701a0b2e078634e949d7d8b050d8d1615122f89c0734718e106db830cf881df7f17de13a14
7101171a6e41fdb9f9ddcb79b4b330a2628bad66d7557f0bbb85c1e8b0a4e64c26836c52cff3bd4a33f3af00546ce23ad54ea553c9fc29001a0e61a52917dda7
dfaab7dafe02ab81d2438bef76b55d2e1a78cd7f798373d3973f03af40a97f6f03dfed06104503af4029dedfc07b5eb51478065e81527c65035f2d34db5ed5c0
2b5048497cb8812ef89572b05c6d061933ba6785d77daf5b2d2d9caf50500d5975c929c62c16db6a2d42f758d2058004522448ec88f9148fd110aa3840940c12
e2ec93490885374531e3305c2815ba8532fc973f4f1da988a01d8c346bc90b98f08d21c9c7e1c3844c45c3fd18bcba1ae4cdcb1fdfbc7cee9c3c7a71f2e89793
c78f4f1efd9c3a32acf6503cd1ad5e7fffc5df4f3f75fe7afeddeb275fd9f15cc7fffed367bffdfaa51d082b5d85e0d5d7cffe78f1ecd5379ffff9c3130bbc99
a0810eef930873e73a3e766eb10816a6426032c783e4ed2cfa2122ba45339e701423398bc57f478406fafa1c5164c1b5b019c13b09488c0d787576cf20dc0b93
9920168fd7c2c8001e30465b2cb146e19a9c4b0b737f164fec9327331d770ba123dbdc018a8dfc766653d05662731984d8a07993a258a0098eb170e4357688b1
6575770931e27a408609e36c2c9cbbc46921620d499f0c8c6a5a19ed9108f232b711847c1bb139b8e3b418b5adba8d8f4c24dc15885ac8f73135c27815cd048a
6c2efb28a27ac0f791086d247bf364a8e33a5c40a6279832a733c29cdb6c6e24b05e2de9d7405eec693fa0f3c84426821cda7cee23c674649b1d06218aa6366c
8fc4a18efd881f428922e7261336f80133ef10790e7940f1d674df21d848f7e96a701b9455a7b42a107965965872791533a37e7b733a4658490d08bfa1e71189
4f15f73559f7ff5b5907217df5ed53cbaa2eaaa0371362bda3f6d6647c1b6e5dbc03968cc8c5d7ee369ac53731dc2e9b0decbd74bf976ef77f2fdddbeee7772f
d82b8d06f9965bc574abae36eed1d67dfb9850da13738af7b9daba73e84ca32e0c4a3bf5cc8ab3e7b8690887f24e86090cdc2441cac64998f88488b017a229ec
ef8bae7432e10bd713ee4c19876dbf1ab6fa96783a8b0ed8287d5c2d16e5a3692a1e1c89d578c1cfc6e15143a4e84a75f50896b9576c27ea51794940dabe0d09
6d329344d942a2ba1c9441520fe610340b09b5b277c2a26e615193ee97a9da6001d4b2acc0d6c9810d57c3f53d30012378a242148f649ed2542fb3ab92f92e33
bd2d984605c03e625901ab4cd725d7adcb93ab4b4bed0c99364868e566925091513d8c87688417d52947cf42e36d735d5fa5d4a02743a1e683d25ad1a8d6fe8d
c579730d76ebda40635d2968ec1c37dc4ad9879219a269c31dc3633f1c4653a81d2eb7bc884ee0ddd95024e90d7f1e6599265cb4110fd3802bd149d520220227
0e2551c395cbcfd24063a5218a5bb104827061c9d541562e1a3948ba99643c1ee3a1d0d3ae8dc848a7a7a0f0a95658af2af3f383a5259b41ba7be1e8d819d059
720b4189f9d5a20ce0887078fb534ca33922f03a3313b255fdad35a685eceaef13550da5e3884e43b4e828ba98a77025e5191d7596c5403b5bac1902aa8564d1
080713d960f5a01add34eb1a2987ad5df7742319394d34573dd35015d935ed2a66ccb06c036bb13c5f93d7582d430c9aa677f854bad725b7bed4bab57d42d625
20e059fc2c5df70c0d41a3b69acca026196fcab0d4ecc5a8d93b960b3c85da599a84a6fa95a5dbb5b8653dc23a1d0c9eabf383dd7ad5c2d078b9af549156df3d
f44f136c700fc4a30d2f81675470954af8f09020d810f5d49e24950db845ee8bc5ad0147ce2c210df741c16f7a41c90f72859adfc97965af90abf9cd72aee9fb
e562c72f16daadd243682c228c8a7efacda50bafa2e87cf1e5458d6f7c7d89966fdb2e0d599467eaeb4a5e11575f5f8aa5ed5f5f1c02a2f3a052ead6cbf55625
572f37bb39afddaae5ea41a5956b57826abbdb0efc5abdfbd0758e14d86b9603afd2a9e52ac520c8799582a45fabe7aa5ea9d4f4aacd5ac76b3e5c6c6360e5a9
7c2c6201e155bc76ff010000ffff0300504b0304140006000800000021000dd1909fb60000001b010000270000007468656d652f7468656d652f5f72656c732f
7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c2e72656c73848f4d0ac2301484f78277086f6fd3ba109126dd88d0add40384e4350d363f2451eced0dae2c082e8761be
9969bb979dc9136332de3168aa1a083ae995719ac16db8ec8e4052164e89d93b64b060828e6f37ed1567914b284d262452282e3198720e274a939cd08a54f980
ae38a38f56e422a3a641c8bbd048f7757da0f19b017cc524bd62107bd5001996509affb3fd381a89672f1f165dfe514173d9850528a2c6cce0239baa4c04ca5b
babac4df000000ffff0300504b01022d0014000600080000002100e9de0fbfff0000001c0200001300000000000000000000000000000000005b436f6e74656e
745f54797065735d2e786d6c504b01022d0014000600080000002100a5d6a7e7c0000000360100000b00000000000000000000000000300100005f72656c732f
2e72656c73504b01022d00140006000800000021006b799616830000008a0000001c00000000000000000000000000190200007468656d652f7468656d652f74
68656d654d616e616765722e786d6c504b01022d0014000600080000002100aa5225dfc60600008b1a00001600000000000000000000000000d6020000746865
6d652f7468656d652f7468656d65312e786d6c504b01022d00140006000800000021000dd1909fb60000001b0100002700000000000000000000000000d00900007468656d652f7468656d652f5f72656c732f7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c2e72656c73504b050600000000050005005d010000cb0a00000000}
{\*\colorschememapping 3c3f786d6c2076657273696f6e3d22312e302220656e636f64696e673d225554462d3822207374616e64616c6f6e653d22796573223f3e0d0a3c613a636c724d
617020786d6c6e733a613d22687474703a2f2f736368656d61732e6f70656e786d6c666f726d6174732e6f72672f64726177696e676d6c2f323030362f6d6169
6e22206267313d226c743122207478313d22646b3122206267323d226c743222207478323d22646b322220616363656e74313d22616363656e74312220616363
656e74323d22616363656e74322220616363656e74333d22616363656e74332220616363656e74343d22616363656e74342220616363656e74353d22616363656e74352220616363656e74363d22616363656e74362220686c696e6b3d22686c696e6b2220666f6c486c696e6b3d22666f6c486c696e6b222f3e}
{\*\latentstyles\lsdstimax371\lsdlockeddef0\lsdsemihiddendef0\lsdunhideuseddef0\lsdqformatdef0\lsdprioritydef99{\lsdlockedexcept \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority0 \lsdlocked0 Normal;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 1;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 2;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 3;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 4;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 5;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 6;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 7;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 8;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 9;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 index 1;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 index 2;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 index 3;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 index 4;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 index 5;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 index 6;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 index 7;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 index 8;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 index 9;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 1;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 2;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 3;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 4;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 5;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 6;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 7;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 8;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 9;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Normal Indent;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority0 \lsdlocked0 footnote text;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 annotation text;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 header;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 footer;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 index heading;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority35 \lsdlocked0 caption;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 table of figures;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 envelope address;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 envelope return;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority0 \lsdlocked0 footnote reference;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 annotation reference;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 line number;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 page number;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 endnote reference;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 endnote text;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 table of authorities;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 macro;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 toa heading;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Bullet;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Number;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List 2;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List 3;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List 4;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List 5;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Bullet 2;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Bullet 3;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Bullet 4;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Bullet 5;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Number 2;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Number 3;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Number 4;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Number 5;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority10 \lsdlocked0 Title;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Closing;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Signature;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority1 \lsdlocked0 Default Paragraph Font;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Body Text;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Body Text Indent;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Continue;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Continue 2;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Continue 3;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Continue 4;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Continue 5;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Message Header;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority11 \lsdlocked0 Subtitle;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Salutation;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Date;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Body Text First Indent;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Body Text First Indent 2;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Note Heading;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Body Text 2;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Body Text 3;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Body Text Indent 2;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Body Text Indent 3;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Block Text;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Hyperlink;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 FollowedHyperlink;
\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority22 \lsdlocked0 Strong;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority20 \lsdlocked0 Emphasis;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Document Map;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Plain Text;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 E-mail Signature;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 HTML Top of Form;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 HTML Bottom of Form;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Normal (Web);
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 HTML Acronym;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 HTML Address;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 HTML Cite;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 HTML Code;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 HTML Definition;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 HTML Keyboard;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 HTML Preformatted;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 HTML Sample;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 HTML Typewriter;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 HTML Variable;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 annotation subject;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 No List;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Outline List 1;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Outline List 2;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Outline List 3;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Balloon Text;
\lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 Table Grid;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdlocked0 Placeholder Text;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority1 \lsdlocked0 No Spacing;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid;
\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2;\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2;
\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading;\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 1;
\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 1;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 1;\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 1;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 1;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 1;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdlocked0 Revision;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority0 \lsdlocked0 List Paragraph;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority29 \lsdlocked0 Quote;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority30 \lsdlocked0 Intense Quote;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 1;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 1;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 1;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 1;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 1;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 1;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 1;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 1;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 2;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 2;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 2;
\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 2;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 2;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 2;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 2;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 2;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 2;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 2;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 2;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 2;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 2;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 2;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 3;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 3;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 3;
\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 3;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 3;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 3;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 3;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 3;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 3;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 3;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 3;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 3;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 3;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 3;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 4;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 4;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 4;
\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 4;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 4;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 4;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 4;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 4;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 4;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 4;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 4;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 4;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 4;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 4;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 5;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 5;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 5;
\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 5;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 5;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 5;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 5;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 5;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 5;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 5;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 5;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 5;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 5;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 5;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 6;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 6;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 6;
\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 6;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 6;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 6;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 6;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 6;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 6;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 6;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 6;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 6;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 6;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 6;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority19 \lsdlocked0 Subtle Emphasis;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority21 \lsdlocked0 Intense Emphasis;
\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority31 \lsdlocked0 Subtle Reference;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority32 \lsdlocked0 Intense Reference;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority33 \lsdlocked0 Book Title;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority37 \lsdlocked0 Bibliography;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 TOC Heading;\lsdpriority41 \lsdlocked0 Plain Table 1;\lsdpriority42 \lsdlocked0 Plain Table 2;\lsdpriority43 \lsdlocked0 Plain Table 3;\lsdpriority44 \lsdlocked0 Plain Table 4;
\lsdpriority45 \lsdlocked0 Plain Table 5;\lsdpriority40 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table Light;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4;
\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2 Accent 1;
\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3 Accent 1;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4 Accent 1;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1;
\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2 Accent 2;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3 Accent 2;
\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4 Accent 2;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2;
\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2 Accent 3;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3 Accent 3;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4 Accent 3;
\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4;
\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2 Accent 4;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3 Accent 4;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4 Accent 4;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4;
\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2 Accent 5;
\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3 Accent 5;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4 Accent 5;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5;
\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2 Accent 6;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3 Accent 6;
\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4 Accent 6;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6;
\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark;
\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light Accent 1;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2 Accent 1;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3 Accent 1;
\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4 Accent 1;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark Accent 1;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1;
\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light Accent 2;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2 Accent 2;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3 Accent 2;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4 Accent 2;
\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark Accent 2;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light Accent 3;
\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2 Accent 3;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3 Accent 3;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4 Accent 3;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark Accent 3;
\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light Accent 4;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2 Accent 4;
\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3 Accent 4;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4 Accent 4;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark Accent 4;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4;
\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light Accent 5;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2 Accent 5;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3 Accent 5;
\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4 Accent 5;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark Accent 5;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5;
\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light Accent 6;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2 Accent 6;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3 Accent 6;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4 Accent 6;
\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark Accent 6;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6;}}{\*\datastore 010500000200000018000000
4d73786d6c322e534158584d4c5265616465722e362e30000000000000000000000e0000
d0cf11e0a1b11ae1000000000000000000000000000000003e000300feff0900060000000000000000000000010000000100000000000000001000000200000001000000feffffff0000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
fffffffffffffffffdffffff04000000feffffff05000000fefffffffeffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff52006f006f007400200045006e00740072007900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000016000500ffffffffffffffff010000000c6ad98892f1d411a65f0040963251e500000000000000000000000060b7
caf1ec02d60103000000c0020000000000004d0073006f004400610074006100530074006f0072006500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001a000101ffffffffffffffff02000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000060b7caf1ec02d601
60b7caf1ec02d601000000000000000000000000c600d4005400c300d4004200450050005000450057005400c200cd003100c90045005800d600ce00c700c0003d003d000000000000000000000000000000000032000101ffffffffffffffff03000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000060b7caf1ec02
d60160b7caf1ec02d6010000000000000000000000004900740065006d0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000a000201ffffffff04000000ffffffff000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000e0100000000000001000000020000000300000004000000feffffff060000000700000008000000090000000a000000feffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff3c3f786d6c2076657273696f6e3d22312e302220656e636f64696e673d225554462d3822207374616e64616c6f6e653d226e6f223f3e3c623a536f75726365732053656c65637465645374796c653d225c4150412e58534c22205374796c
654e616d653d224150412220786d6c6e733a623d22687474703a2f2f736368656d61732e6f70656e786d6c666f726d6174732e6f72672f6f6666696365446f63756d656e742f323030362f6269626c696f6772617068792220786d6c6e733d22687474703a2f2f736368656d61732e6f70656e786d6c666f726d6174732e
6f72672f6f6666696365446f63756d656e742f323030362f6269626c696f677261706879223e3c2f623a536f75726365733e00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003c3f786d6c2076657273696f6e3d22312e302220656e636f6469
6e673d225554462d3822207374616e64616c6f6e653d226e6f223f3e0d0a3c64733a6461746173746f72654974656d2064733a6974656d49443d227b44304533343439422d304631312d343533432d393338412d4436453931313744414539457d2220786d6c6e733a64733d22687474703a2f2f736368656d61732e6f70
656e786d6c666f726d6174732e6f72672f6f6666696365446f63756d656e742f323030362f637573500072006f007000650072007400690065007300000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000016000200ffffffffffffffffffffffff000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000500000055010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff00000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff0000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000746f6d586d6c223e3c64733a736368656d61526566733e3c64733a736368656d615265662064733a7572693d22687474703a2f2f736368656d61732e6f70656e786d6c666f726d6174732e6f7267
2f6f6666696365446f63756d656e742f323030362f6269626c696f677261706879222f3e3c2f64733a736368656d61526566733e3c2f64733a6461746173746f72654974656d3e00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000105000000000000}}