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\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5979558 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION]
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5979558 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
CRIMINAL PETITION No: CAV 0025 of 2018
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 
\par 
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:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5979558\charrsid5979558 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid5979558 
\par 
\par 
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Petitioner
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\par 
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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5979558\charrsid5979558 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid5979558 
\par 
\par 
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Coram}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5976249\charrsid5979558 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Mr. Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid11031541\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Anthony Gates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5979558 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon. Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid11031541\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid11031541\charrsid5979558 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Suresh Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 \tab \tab \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Hon. Mr. Justice Frederik Brand, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Counsel\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :\tab Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5074049\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in Person}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 
\par \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5074049\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr. Y. Prasad}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  for the Respondent

\par 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Dat\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e of Hearing\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :\tab 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5074049\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  April 2019
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Date of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2105003\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Judgment\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10300371\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0       }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13204036\charrsid5979558 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13057034\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  April 2019

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs32\ul\insrsid7234239\charrsid5002188 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 JUDGMENT
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Gates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7234239 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10425125\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace 
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  I have read the draft judgment of Brand J. I am in complete agreement with his reasoning, conclusion, and orders proposed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1334137\charrsid5976249 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , J}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7234239 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10425125\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I agree with the reasons and \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 conclusions in the draft judgment of Brand J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5979558 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid5979558 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid5979558\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Brand, J
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Mr. Peniasi Tuilaselase}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  together with 3 others were indicted in the High Court before a judge and assessors on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15741856\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  count }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10300371\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15741856\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri429\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin429\lin1440\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15741856\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Aggravated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  robbery in contravention of Section 311 (1)
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the Crimes Act 2009}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15741856\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Theft}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 of a motor vehicle in contravention of Section 291 (1) of the Crimes Act 2009.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15741856\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Following}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid795391\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  upon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 a unanimous decision by the three assessors, with which the Judge agreed, all four accused persons were convicted on\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  both}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10300371\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  these}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 counts and sentenced to 14 years imprisonment with a non-parole period of 12 years.  Their appeals against both conviction and sentence were dismissed by the Court of Appeal on 14 June 2015.  The petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10300371\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 three}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10300371\charrsid5976249 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11940603\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ccused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10300371\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 petitioned th
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10300371\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ourt for leave to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10300371\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  against that dismissal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11940603\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 All three applications for leave to appeal were however}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10300371\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 refused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for lack of merit on 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid10300371\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
November 2018 by Justices Chandra, Keith and Chitrasiri in a judgment under the name Alipate Lesi, Samue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a Beeby, Si\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 tiveni Tuisamoa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11940603\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  CAV 0016}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11940603\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of 2018, CAV 18 of 2018 and CAV 20 of 2018}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15741856\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the Lesi case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15741856\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ). In the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11940603\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 meantime,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the petitioner brought his own}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11940603\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  separate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  petition which is the one under}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11940603\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  present}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  consideration}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid795391\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and which is an application to appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13204036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 against \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid795391\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 conviction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid795391\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  only.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid795391\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The facts surrounding the charges}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid795391\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  against}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid795391\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  three}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid795391\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 horts require no detailed account}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12066617\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid795391\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12066617\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 By the nature of the case, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid795391\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12066617\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 y have little influence on the outcome.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6436716\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid795391\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12066617\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 They can be broadly stated in the following way. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6436716\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 On 2\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5 July 2012, at about 3.00 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12066617\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 am}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6436716\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the victim of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12260424\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 these crimes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Ram, saw 5 to 6 people in his compound.  He shouted; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11031541\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12066617\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 thieves!}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  thieves}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15741856\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
!}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94\loch\f0  and opened}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12066617\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  his}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  front door in the hope that some of his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12260424\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 neighbors}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  would come to his assistance.  But as he opened the door\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , the intruders}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12066617\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  who were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  all wearing masks and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11958765\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  who were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  armed with knives and bol}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  cutters, rushed into his house.  They demanded money}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11958765\charrsid5976249 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12260424\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
jewelry}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and other items of value.  They assaulted Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12260424\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Ram and his son}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11958765\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11958765\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  order to avoid a continuation of these assaul\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ts, 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13204036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mrs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11958765\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Ram gave the assailants }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 what they wanted.  In the event,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 the robbers got away with cash and valuables to the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  tune of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 between $20,000 and $25,000.00.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Added to this, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 they left in Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4136039\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Ram\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s car.  Neither Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4136039\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Ram nor his family members who testified \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at the trial were able to identify any of the intruders because they were all wearing masks.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The four accused persons were interviewed by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9653252\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 olice and allegedly confessed to these crimes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 All four of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 them denied however t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hat these confessions were vol\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 untarily made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13648105\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in that }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9653252\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the police}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13648105\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 forced these alleged confessions out of them}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9653252\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13648105\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 The police on the other hand maintained that the caution interview statements were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9653252\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 given voluntarily by all the accused persons, including the then number 4, who was the petitio\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In consequence a trial within a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 trial ensued during which}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 olice officers involved }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as well as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the accused persons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  gave evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  At the end }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of these proceeding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , the learned Judge gave his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 uling.  It read in relevant part;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10967893\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4348945\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14826207\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi11\li797\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin797\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1718389\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14826207\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 10. I have carefully\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  considered the evidence of all}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14826207\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the prosecution and defenc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14826207\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  witnesses. I have compared and anal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13648105\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 z}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9973279\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14826207\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 all of them.  After considering the authority mentioned in paragraph 9 hereof, and after looking at all the facts, I have come to the conclusion that all ac\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
cuseds, except Accused No. 1, gave their police caution interview statements voluntarily and out of their own free will to the police.  I therefore rule that accused No. 2, 3, and 4\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s police caution interview statements are admissible evidence, and could \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 b\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e used in the trial proper, and its acceptance or otherwise, will be a matter for the assessors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13773767\charrsid5976249 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14826207\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
11. In giving my reasons abovementioned, I bear in mind what the Court of Appeal said in Sisa Kalisoqo v Reginam, Criminal Appeal No. 52 of 1984, where their L\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ordship said: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14826207\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\'85\loch\f0  We have of recent times}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14826207\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  that in giving a decision after a trial within a trial there are good reasons for the Judge to express himself with an economy of words\'85\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13773767\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 7.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
With the exception of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16416740\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the then accused no. 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16416740\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15741856\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16416740\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Tuisamoa, the confess\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ions were then tendered in evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 during }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16416740\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the trial proper.  In consequence the police witnesses as well as the then accused numbers 2, 3, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16416740\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 present petitioner,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  again}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16416740\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 testified with regard to the issue as to whether or not their confessions had been\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  voluntarily obtained.  In his summing up to the assessors at the end of the trial, the learned judge said : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12928536 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5002188\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid941580 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14826207\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1718389\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 29. The difficulty for the prosecution, in this case, is how to connect the four accuseds, to the above crimes.  It was accepted that, none of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
the complainants }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'85\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1718389\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
identified any of the robbers, at the material time.  This was because, at the time of the robbery, all the robbers wore masks.  Likewise, it was accepted that, none of the stolen properties mentioned in count no. 1, were ever found on a
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ny of the accuseds.  Ram\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s stolen car wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1718389\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  found at any of the accuseds\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 \hich\f0  known address.  So, it would appear that, there was no direct evidence to link any of the accuseds to the above crimes
\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1718389\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 30. To connect Accused No. 2, 3 and 4 to the above crimes, \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 the prosecution relied on what is often termed, a 
\'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 confession\'94\loch\f0 .  We will now discuss the accuseds\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14826207\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 alleged confession}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14826207\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 .\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1718389\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf6\insrsid1718389\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10248489\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10248489\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In para 31 to 37 of the summing up the learned Judge dealt with the contents of the confession}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10248489\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8014968\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  para 38 he proceeded to say: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10248489\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-142\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid941580 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8014968\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid990314\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 
It could be seen from the above that, accused No. 2, 3, and 4 allegedly confessed to the police about the crimes, when they were caution interviewed.  However, before you consider the above alleged confessions, I must, as a matter of law, direct you as f
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 llows.  A confession, if accepted by the trier or fact \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  in this case, you as assessors and judges of fact \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 
 is strong evidence against its maker.  However, before you can accept a confession, you must}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14114628\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid990314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 satisfied beyond reasonable that it was given volun\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
tarily by its maker.  The prosecution must satisfy you beyond reasonable doubt that the accused gave his statement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13204036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 voluntarily that}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid990314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is he gave his statements out of his own free will.  Evidence that the accused had been assaulted, threatened or unfairly in\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
duced into giving those statements, will negate free will, and as judges of fact, you are entitled to disregard them.  However, if you are satisfied beyond reasonable doubt, so that you are sure, that the accused gave those statements voluntarily, as judg
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s of facts, you are entitled to rely on them for or against }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8014968\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 the accused\'94.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10248489\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid990314\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10248489\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 9.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10248489\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In para 39 to 41, the Judge summarized the evidence with regard to voluntariness presented at the trial proper}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8014968\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and in para 42 he then said:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10248489\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8014968\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8014968\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 42. \'93\loch\f0 You will note that when Accused No.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 2 and 4 first appeared in the Nasinu Magistrates Court on 14 August 2012, none of them made a formal complaint against the police to the Resident Magistrate.  Accused No. 3, when he first appeared in the Sigatoka Magistrate Court on 31 August 2012, also 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id not complain against the police to the Resident Magistrate.  When Accused No. 2 and 4 first appeared in the High Court on 28 August 2012, none of them complain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4672168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8014968\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 the court about police assaults.  Nevertheless, the court ordered they be medically exam\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ined at CWM hospital.  However, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13204036\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 neither Accused no. 2 nor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8014968\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 4, produced the relevant medical reports of the examination, to verify their claims.  Accused No. 3, on 14 September 2012, first appeared in the High Court. He also did not make any complaint agains\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
t police.  You have heard the evidence of the parties.  Which version of events to accept, is entirely a matter for you\'94.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8014968\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 10.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
As to the contents of the petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s interview statement, there are two aspects that featured prominently }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13204036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in his}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  grounds of appeal\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  Firstly, it appears that in answer to questions 1 \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 
 31 the petitioner denied any involvement in the alleged crimes.  In fact, he gave an alibi for the period covering the date of the crime and nominated a number of potential witnesses who could support\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 his alibi.  In answer to question 32, however, he changed his tack completely by saying that his previous answers were untrue.  Thereafter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5002188\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 his rather}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4672168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  detailed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 confession}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4672168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  reflecting his involvement in the robbery}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  ensued.  The second aspect stems from the qu\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 estions and answers 132 to 134 as recorded in the interview statement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4672168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hey read as follows:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\highlight7\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-1440\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 
\'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 132 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \tab \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Were you induced, threatened or false promises made to you whilst being interviewe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  which caused you to give answers in your record of interview?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\highlight7\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A:
\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
es, I was threatened by some police officers.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi153\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 133 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q:\tab  How were you }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 threatened?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A:
\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 V}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 erbally.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 134}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q:\tab Why were you threatened verbally?
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A:
\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I do}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  not know.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 11.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Against this background I can now turn to the petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of appeal in their final f\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 orm.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The first and second grounds of appeal can be considered together.  They read as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 follows: -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5002188 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Ground 1 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 That there was a grave and substantial miscarriage of justice by reason of the trial judge failing to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 analyze}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  or assess question and answer 134 of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
the caution statement where the petitioner complained of being threatened to confess.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13204036\charrsid5976249 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Ground 2 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
That the Appellate Court erred in law in failing to independently assess the question and answer 134 of the caution statement and its impact on voluntariness\loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 .\'94
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 12.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 According to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13987409\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 written arguments in support of these grounds, the learned Judge ignored this aspect of the case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  ( to which I shall refer for the sake of brevity as Q134)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  at three stages}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the proceedings, namely:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi284\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hen he gave his rul\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ing and admissibility at the end of the trial within a trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-3969\li4820\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin4820\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 i}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n his summing up to the assessors;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-4198\li5049\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin5049\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 i}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n his own judgment.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13987409\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
If the learned Judge had proper regard to Q.134, so the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9963874\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 petitioner argue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , he and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9963874\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
would have realized that it added a \'93\loch\f0 fur\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ther dimension\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9963874\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to the issue }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 whether the caution statement was voluntarily made because}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, so he contended, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14515224\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 clearly supported}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s version. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5705721\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 13.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As a }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9963874\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 point of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 departure, it seems to me that the petit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9963874\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
oner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s argument substantially overstates the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 import}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and significance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the answer to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 134.  Firstly, it does not really support his eviden}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9963874\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e as to why}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  he made the confession, namely that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 punched and beaten }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 olice.  That is hardly supported by the rather mild general}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  account}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of a verba\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
l threat in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2362284\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
134.  Secondly, it seems odd that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  very}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 policemen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  who assaulted and threatened him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 averred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  by the petitioner- would be honest enough to record the answer to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 134 if}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the answer reflected what}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  really happened.  Thirdly, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 134 seems to \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
be largely cancelled out by the answers to questions 135 and 136 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  They read;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6110657\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \tab 
\loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 135}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13204036\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 this a true statement?
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi153\li1287\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1287\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0          }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13204036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Yes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , it is.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16268538\charrsid5976249 \tab \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 136. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13204036\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
id you answer all questions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 your own free}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 will?
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0          }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13204036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A. Yes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4136039\charrsid5976249 
\loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9963874\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 14.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 With regard to \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
the first part of the objection,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to the effect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the learned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  judge ignored question 134 when he made his ruling at the end of a trial within a trial, the petitioner relied in the main on paragraph 10 of the ruling.  Although the learned Judge said in th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
is paragraph that he considered the evidence of all the prosecution and defence witnesses, so the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  argued}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , he made no reference to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 134.  What the arguments }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 lose}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  sight of,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  I think,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 there is often a good explanation for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  judge not giv\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ing full reasons}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  for his ruling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 at the end of a trial within a trial.  That is particularly so when the ruling }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2494668\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 turns }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 exclusively on a credibility finding, as happened in this case.  The explanation is formulated thus by Lord Mustill in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Wallace and Fuller v\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Reginam }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1997] 1 Cr}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 im}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 App.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  396: \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 For the Judge to expound in detail almost at the beginning of the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 reason}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  preferring }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 one story to the other would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 wholly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 unbalance the proceedings.  His reasons, which would be given in the presence of the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  public, the advocates and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
defendants}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  would inevitably leave their mark not only on the future conduct of the trial but also on its atmosphere.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13978592\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 15.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Once it is accepted, that the trial judge was not obliged to give full reasons for his ruling at the trial\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  within a trial, logic dictates that no conclusion can be drawn from the fact that he did not mention }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 134 in terms.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   In the circumstances, the mere fact that the Judge did not mention Q.134 in his truncated reasons cannot justify the inference that he di\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d not consider it.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  The same goes for the petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s objection against the judgment of the Court of appeal.  His complaint under this rubric is that the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ourt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ppeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 did not specifically deal with his ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
11 before that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ourt which was to the effect
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  that the trial judge had \'93\loch\f0 failed to consider question an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  answer 134 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ppellant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 \hich\f0 s caution interview\'94\loch\f0  and that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 
\loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the learned Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 had failed to give cogent reasons on why he did not accept the above mentioned evidence in this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8940956\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1643624\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 oire dire }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ruling.\'94\loch\f0   The\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  short answer to this objection, as I see it, is that since there is no validity in the objection to the Judge\hich\f0 
\rquote \loch\f0 s failure to specifically}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
mention Q.134}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in his voire dire ruling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, the question whether the Appeal court did or did not deal with this point}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16063314\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is of\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  no consequence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 16.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As to the Petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s objection that the learned Judge had failed to refer to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8013479\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 134 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 summing up, I believe the answer is twofold.  First, the assessors were probably aware of it because the petitioner had referred to it in cross e\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 xamination}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8013479\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 the police witnesses during the trial proper.  Secondly, that since no summing up can be perfect, the mere fact that the Judge had not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 pertinently referred to it,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
did not render the summing up flawed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Whether or not it d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  would depend largel\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 y on the importance of that evidence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s to the importance of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  134}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  I have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  already indicated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that it was not nearly as vital as the petitioner would}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 want it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to be.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Essentially t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he same goes for the Judges failure to mention }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q.134}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in his own judgment.  T\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he mere fact that it did not specifically mention it that it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  did not justify the inference that he disregarded it.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4404168\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 17.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
This is not the end of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 134 issue. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This is so because the petitioner proceeded to introduce}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  a number of further}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  -mostly new}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 - grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  under the guise}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  they were part of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  134}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 issue, which they were not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
.  First among these was his reliance on the evidence of the then accused number 1, Sitiveni Tuisamoa, and the evidence of Mr. Ravuama Kedraika during the trial within a trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  und\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 er the pretext that Q.134 must be read in the context of this evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4136039\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Tuisamoa\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s evidence was that he was assaulted by the police}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and that a confession was beaten out of him in that way. This }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 so the petitioner argued, was accepted by the t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rial judge in his ruling.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e circumstances}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , so the petitioner argued}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10057018\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
t must be accepted that he was the victim of similar treatment by the police.  Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4136039\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Kedraika gave evidence that the petitioner was punched and threatened by the police in his presen\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ce.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 18.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The argument resting on the evidence of Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4136039\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Tuisamoa is flawed in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 three}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4136039\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  respects}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  The first is that the learned judge did not accept Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4136039\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Tuisamoa\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s version.  He found that it may reasonably possibly be true.  The difference should be obvious.  Second\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ly, it simply does not follow in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 logic that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 because Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4136039\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Tuisamoa was assaulted by one policeman, the petitioner was probably assaulted by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 a different policeman. The third flaw in the argument also pertains to the evidence of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1336443\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Kedraika}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . It is th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at althou\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 gh }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  does not appear from the trial judge\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s succinctly stated reasons at the end of the trial within a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the probabilities are that he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 regarded Mr. Tuisamoa\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s evidence as irrelevant in the present context and that he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1336443\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rejected}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Mr. Kedraika\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as untrue. Conversely}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  stated, there is no reason to think that the learned Judge lost sight of this evidence when he made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  ruling.  That being so, the established principle is that a }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ourt of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ppeal can }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 only interfere}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 trial judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s findings of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
fact if he is s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hown to have misdirected himself in some way.  Since this has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  been shown, the judge\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s finding of fact must stand.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4326914\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 19.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The second new ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 which the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s sought to dress up as part of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 134 issue,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 derives}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  from the change of tac\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 k in his interview statement between questions 31 and 32.  While he }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 maintain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  his innocence up to question 31,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  so the petitioner pointed out,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  he started }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 confessing in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  answer to question 32.  As pointed out by the petitioner it is common cause that questio\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n 31 ended the interview on 8 August 2012 while question }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 32 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the start of the interview on 10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ugust 2012.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Likewise,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  it is common cause that while the petitioner was}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid856646\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 olice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid856646\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  custody}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on 9 August 2012}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  he was not interviewed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1131289\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at all }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on that day.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4266696\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4266696 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4266696\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4266696\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 20.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Build
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ing on these facts, the petitioner argued that his case was on all fo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid856646\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 urs on the facts with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hassan v Reginam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  [1963] FLR 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12589351\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 10 where }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid856646\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12589351\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  confession was excluded from evidence.  More particularly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the petitioner}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12589351\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  sought to rely on the following}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid856646\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid856646\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 dicta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12589351\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12589351\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 114 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid856646\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e report:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12589351\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5976249\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93
\loch\f0 It}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is, we think, significant that until the return of Inspector Koya at 4.43 pm appellant had persistently maintain}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 his innocence, but at that moment, without any reason, that appears from the evidence for the prosecution, he changed his min\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d completely and made the statement incriminating Gyan Singh and himself. In the absence of}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 any other explanation}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 it is possible, as is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  as he said in the judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of Di}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 x}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on, Evatt and McTiernan, JJ, in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Cornelius v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The King}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (1936) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 55 CLR 235}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  at 252}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li873\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin873\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \lquote }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that in\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
terrogation may be made the means or occasion of imposing upon a suspected person such a mental and physical strain for so long a time that any statement he is thus cause to make should be attributed no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to his own will, but to his inability further to end
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ure the ordeal and his readiness to do anything to terminate it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2891987\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 21.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
It must be borne in mind however, that decisions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in previous cases}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  are considered for guidance on matters of law and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 principle and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  not as authority for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  findings of fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . Unless, of course,\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the two cases}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 so similar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 same reasoning must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 logically }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 apply. Whe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  are not so obviously similar I can think of no more sterile exercise then to measure the facts of one case against that of the other}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  with the sole purpose \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of detecting the similarities and differences between the two}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suffice it therefore to say that in my view }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
there is not even a close}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
resemblance between}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the facts of this case and those of Hassan.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  In that case various factors led to the Court\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s conclusio\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n that the confession could not safely be relied upon. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 That much appears for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 instance }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 from the statement at p.115 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 report that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 
the cumulative effect of what we have referred to as the improprieties surrounding the making of the statement is such, h\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 owever as to render it, in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 our opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, doubtful whether the statement could be regarded as free and voluntarily in accordance with the requirements }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  Common Law.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 22.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In support of this argument, the petitioner also submitted that the prosecution provid\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed no explanation as to why }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
he suddenly decided to incriminate himself}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on 10 August while he maintained his innocence until the 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  What the Investigating Officer did say}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , however,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  when asked why he did not interview the petitioner on}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 9 August}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was that \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  arranged to investigate the petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s alibi on that day. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  On the face of it there was therefore nothing sinister about the fact that the petitioner was not interviewed on that day. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Other than that, the prosecution witnesses would hardly be able \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to explain why the petitioner has changed his stance}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14046635\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   Hence I find no merit in this ground of appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8731534\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 23.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
This brings me to grounds 3 and 4 which read as follows: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Ground 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
That the learned Judge misdirected himself when he failed to give any \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 direction to the assessors and to himself on the truth and weight of the caution statement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Ground 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10122036\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hat the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11027904\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ppellate court erred in failing to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 independently}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  assess the trial judge\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s failure to give any direction to the truth and weight of the cautio\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n statement in paragraph 38 of his summing up}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 24.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
From the petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s written argument, it appears that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11027904\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the nub}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of his objection}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11027904\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 both these grounds is that the trial judge had failed to direct the assessors in his summing up that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11027904\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 their function}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11027904\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 is not o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to determine the voluntariness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11027904\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of his caution statement, but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 also the truth and weight}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11027904\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  thereof}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
. In support of this argument, the petitioner referred to paragraph 38 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11027904\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  judge\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  summing up}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11027904\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  from which it is clear that the directions to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 assessors w\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ere}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11027904\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 confined to the determination of voluntariness. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 25.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The petitioner is clearly right in his interpretation of paragraph 38.  He is also right in saying that as a matter of law it was for the assessors to determine the truth and the weight of the confessio\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
n and that as a general rule the learned Judge had to tell them that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11027904\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Noa Maya v The State; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Crim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 inal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 no.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  CAV 009 of 2015).  But as this court also said in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mohammed Arun Khan v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; CAV 009 of 2013, (para 37) with reference to the Judges \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 summing up, \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 there is no incantation to be read here.  The required guidance need not be formulaic.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 26.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The enquiry into whether the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 directions to the assessors were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  sufficient must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8928064\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 therefore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 be fact specific.  The weight to be afforded to the confession in \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 this case, was clear.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8928064\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 The detailed nature thereof would almost inevitably give rise to a conviction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
  As to the truth of the statement, there was never any suggestion by the petitioner that even if voluntarily made the statement may be untrue.  In this lig\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ht, I believe the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 direction given by the trial judge in paragraph 38 of his summing up was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 quite sufficient.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8928064\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  The fact that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10425125\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 there is}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8928064\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  no merit in the point must mean that any failure by the Appeal Court to consider it is neither here nor there.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 27.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This brings
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  me to ground 5 which is in the following terms: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 there was a grave and substantial miscarriage of justice by reason of the trial judge failing to ensure a fair trial for the petitione}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
r by not compelling the petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 medical report which had cruci\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
al bearing on the voluntariness of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s caution statement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8928064\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 28.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
On the appellant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s own admission, this ground is new. It therefore raises the question whether a grave injustice may occur if the petitioner is not allowed to rely on this new point. \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 As I see it the answer to this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 question must}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
\hich\f0  be \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It stands to reason }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that a medical report would only}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  assist }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s case if it reflected some injury which he could have sustained while in police custody.  There is no suggestion that there 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is any medical report of this kind.  On the contrary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the only evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 available}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  indicates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that there is probably not.  I say that because when asked in cross }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 examination}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  why he did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 complain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the police assault, the petitioner said\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  did not complain to the Magistrate. I did no}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t ask}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  for a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 medical}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  examination }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 because}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  I was not injured.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 29.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Finally there is ground 6 which reads as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 follows: -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93
\loch\f0 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Judge }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 oire }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ire erred in law in not taking into consideration the que\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 stion whether the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 olice have the power to extend the pre-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 charge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 period in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 olice detention}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  48 hours}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  after arrest to complete the caution interview and charge was wrongly admitted.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 30.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The same point was raised in the \hich\f0 \lquote \loch\f0 Lesi case\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  and disposed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  with admi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9851360\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ss}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 i\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ble clarity in paragraphs 82 and 83 of the judgment which I shall not repeat.  The conclusion appears to be captured in the last 4 sentences of para 83}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  which read as follows:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The new constitution came into operation in 2013- well after the arrest }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of Lesi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and Beeby }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [as well as the petitioner]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid880087\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
-and although there was a similar provision in the previous constitution, the previous constitution had been abrogated in 2009. There was therefore no provision in force at the time of the kind relied on by Lesi and Be\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
eby. There protection from arbitrary treatment in police custody was provided by the common law and the Judges\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 \hich\f0  Rules. Neither of them imposed a specific time limit of the kind in the Constitution.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid880087 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5002188\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 31}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 To these sentiments with which I respectfully agre
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e, I venture}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
to add the following: Even if an accused person is wrongfully}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 detained after 48 hours, I do not believe that in itself would render a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 confession voluntarily obtained during the extended period}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 inadmissible. In such circumstances the remedy of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 person may be to seek his release from police custody or}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
subsequently to sue the authorities for damages resulting from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 wrongful detention, but his remedy is not to have a confession}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 voluntarily made, excluded from evidence. Of course, the exte\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nded}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 period of detention may be a factor, in conjunction with others, in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 determining whether or not the confession was indeed voluntarily}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
obtained. But that is another matter. Once the confession is held to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 have been voluntarily made, mere extended detenti\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on beyond 48}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hours cannot serve as a basis to exclude it from evidence. That may}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4396168\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 result in punishing the police by letting a guilty person go}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid658709\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 unpunished.
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 32.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4982101\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In the result, I do not think that the petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s proposed appeal has any prospect of success. It f\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ollows that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3827343\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in my view}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9906575\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  his application for leave to appeal to this Court against his conviction must be refused.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi153\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The Orders of the Court are:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775\charrsid5976249 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9906575\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-570\li1137\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin1137\itap0\pararsid14515224\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9906575\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The petitioner\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s application for special leave to appeal against his conviction is dismissed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182775 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1137\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1137\itap0\pararsid14515224\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14515224\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-567\li1134\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9906575\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10429419\charrsid5976249 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9906575\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The co\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nviction and sentence imposed upon him by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8538004 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9906575\charrsid5976249 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 igh Court are affirmed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4142544 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9906575\charrsid5976249 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi207\li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid5976249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid941580\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4136039\charrsid5976249 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li5040\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid10425125 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid10425125 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon. Mr. Justice Anthony Gates
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid10425125 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid5002188\charrsid10425125 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10425125\charrsid5002188 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid10425125 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon. Mr. Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid10425125 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suresh Chandra}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid10425125 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid10425125 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10425125\charrsid10425125 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid5002188\charrsid5002188 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid10425125 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon. Mr. Just\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12928536\charrsid10425125 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Frederik Brand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid10425125 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7234239\charrsid10425125 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13311828\charrsid10425125 
\par }{\*\themedata 504b030414000600080000002100e9de0fbfff0000001c020000130000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6cac91cb4ec3301045f748fc83e52d4a
9cb2400825e982c78ec7a27cc0c8992416c9d8b2a755fbf74cd25442a820166c2cd933f79e3be372bd1f07b5c3989ca74aaff2422b24eb1b475da5df374fd9ad
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