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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8721225 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5069927 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8721225 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5069927 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8721225 \chftnsep 
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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8721225 \chftnsepc 
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\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5069927 
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\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5069927  PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid13334665 12}}}
\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5069927 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5069927 
\par }}{\headerf \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5069927 
\par }}{\footerf \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5069927 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14424011\charrsid14840096 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid14840096 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14424011\charrsid14840096 CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION]
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid14840096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14424011\charrsid14840096 CRIMINAL PETITION No: CAV 0014.2018
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14424011\charrsid14840096 
(On Appeal from Court of Appeal No: AAU 0059.2014)
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14424011\charrsid14840096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245 BETWEEN:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10448245\charrsid10448245 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10448245 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10448245\charrsid10448245 KALI }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10448245  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10448245\charrsid10448245 DASS}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245 Petitioner
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14424011 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10448245 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245 AND:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10448245 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10448245\charrsid10448245 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10448245 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245 THE STATE
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245 Respondent
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14424011 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10448245\charrsid14840096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10448245\charrsid10448245 Coram:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245    \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245 
Hon. Mr. Justice Saleem Marsoof, Judge of the Supreme Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245 \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10448245\charrsid10448245 \tab \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10448245 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245 Hon. Madam Justice Chandra Ekanayake, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid10448245\charrsid10448245 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245 Hon. Mr. Justice Kankani Chitrasiri, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10448245\charrsid10448245 Counsel:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245      \tab Mr. M. Fesaitu for the Petitioner
\par                        \tab Ms. P. Madanavosa for the Respondent
\par 
\par Date of Hearing:  \tab 18 October 2018
\par 
\par Date of Judgment:  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11490156\charrsid10448245 02 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14424011\charrsid10448245 November 2018         
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14840096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13837206 JUDGMENT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14840096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13837206\charrsid14840096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14840096\charrsid14840096 Marsoof, J
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14840096 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2981281\charrsid2981281 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2981281\charrsid2981281 Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2981281 is is a pathetic case in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2513462 volving the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2624691 repeated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2513462 
rape of a 10 years old female child}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915607  named \'93DY\'94 (actual name suppressed)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2513462  by the Petitioner who was her biological father. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1447729 D.V was born on 3rd September 2001, and as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1447729\charrsid1447729 she was less than 13 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1447729  of age}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1447729\charrsid1447729  a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1447729 t the time of each incident of r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1447729\charrsid1447729 ape}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1447729 , her consent was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1447729\charrsid1447729  not an element of each count.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915607 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2513462\charrsid7891109 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2513462\charrsid7891109 Charges against the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2981281\charrsid7891109 Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2513462\charrsid7891109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915607\charrsid7891109 consisted of three}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2513462\charrsid7891109  counts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2981281\charrsid7891109 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915607\charrsid7891109 
each alleging that the Petitioner did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 (a) between }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915607\charrsid7891109 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915607\charrsid7891109 November 2010 and 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109  December 2010,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915607\charrsid7891109  (b) between 1}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915607\charrsid7891109 June 2011 and 31
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915607\charrsid7891109 
August 2011, and (c) between 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13915607\charrsid7891109 September 2011 and 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915607\charrsid7891109 September 2011, at Nadi, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 
in the Western Division, inserted his penis into the vagina of DY, a 10 year old girl, and committed rape punishable in terms of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915607\charrsid7891109 Section 207 (1) and (2) 
and (3) of the Crimes Act No. 44 of 2009.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7891109\charrsid15294014 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15294014 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15294014\charrsid15294014 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15294014\charrsid15294014 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15294014 trial commenced on 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid15294014\charrsid15294014 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15294014  February 2014 and lasted five days. On behalf of the prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766 , DY, he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12217500 r}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766  aunt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766\charrsid987766 Karishma Devi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3943245 Dr. Kara}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10035015 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3943245 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10035015 ini}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12217500 , Medical Officer of the Nadi Hospital and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766 four police witnesses, to wit, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766\charrsid987766 
DC Shailend Sashi Krishna}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766\charrsid987766 DC Vishal Kumar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766\charrsid987766 DC Arif Khan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766  and WPC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766\charrsid987766  Virisila}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid987766  Rakadi,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12217500  testified for the prosecution. The Petitioner testified }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16146443 on his own behalf and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12217500 was the only defence witness.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15294014\charrsid15294014 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 At the conclusion of the trial at Lautoka High Court, the assessors returned a divided opinion, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid5264310\charrsid5264310 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 
Assessor finding the Petitioner guilty of all three counts of rape, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310 the 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid5264310\charrsid5264310 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109  Assessor finding the Petitioner not guilty of all three counts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 and the 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid5264310\charrsid5264310 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109  Assessor f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310 inding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5264310 Petitioner guilty of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16146443 only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310 the first count, and not guilty of the other two c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 ounts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310  of rape}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7891109 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5264310 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5713872 Since the l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 earned Trial Judge was not in agreement with t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310 he opinions of the 2nd and 3rd A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 ssessors, he pronounced}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 Judgement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2624691  on 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid2624691\charrsid2624691 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2624691  February 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109  convicting the appellant on the second and the third counts as well. Accordingly, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2624691 Petitioner was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310 nvicted on all three counts of r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7891109\charrsid7891109 ape. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5264310\charrsid5713872 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5713872 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5713872\charrsid5713872 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5713872\charrsid5713872 By }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5713872 his subsequent order dated 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid5713872\charrsid5713872 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5713872  March 2014, the learned Trial Judge sentenced the Petitioner to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5713872\charrsid5713872  13 years 8 months imprisonment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5713872  on each count of rape, the sentences to run concurrently. The sentencing order also fixed a non-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5713872\charrsid5713872 parole }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5713872 period of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5713872\charrsid5713872 12 years of imprisonment.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7688008 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 7.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7688008 The Petit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5264310 ioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7688008  appealed against his conviction to the Court of Appeal, and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15618073 the learned Single Judge of the Court of Appeal by his Ruling dated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid271339  13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid271339\charrsid271339 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid271339  March 2015,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15618073 
 granted leave to appeal on all the three grounds urged by him before the Court of Appeal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15618073\charrsid15618073 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15618073 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid271339 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 8.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid271339 The appeal was heard by the Court of Appeal on 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid271339\charrsid271339 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid271339 
 May 2018, and by its }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7688008 unanimous judgment dated 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid7688008\charrsid7688008 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7688008 
 June 2018, the Court of Appeal found that the three grounds of appeal urged by the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3492009  Petitioner were without merit, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7688008 
and dismissed the appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7688008\charrsid7688008 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7688008 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7688008 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7688008\charrsid7688008 The Application for leave to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7688008 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15217422\charrsid7688008 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7688008 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 9.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7688008 By}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15217422  his timely application for leave to appeal dated 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid15217422\charrsid15217422 th}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15217422  June 2018, which was received in the Registry of the Court of Appeal on 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid15217422\charrsid15217422 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15217422  July 2018 and duly forwarded to the Registry of the Supreme Court, the Petitioner has sought leave to appeal to this Court on the following 3 grounds:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1845860\charrsid1845860 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1845860 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845860\charrsid12742381 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (1)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1845860\charrsid12742381 The learned Trial Judg
e erred in law and in fact when he failed to direct the assessors properly that the evidence of recent complaint is not evidence of the fact complained of and cannot be regarded as corroboration but goes to the consistency of the complainant\rquote 
s conduct wi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1845860 th her evidence given as trial.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1845860 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845860\charrsid12742381 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1845860\charrsid12742381 
The learned Trial Judge erred in law and in fact when he convicted the Appellant for three counts of rape when there was no evidence towards one count of rape as per the victim\rquote s evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1845860 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1845860 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845860\charrsid12742381 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (3)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1845860\charrsid12742381 The learned Trial Judge erred in law when he failed to remind the child victim about the importance of telling the truth before receiving her evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8014025 resulting in unsafe conviction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1845860 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1845860 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845860\charrsid1845860 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 10.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1845860\charrsid1845860 
The Petitioner has by a subsequent application titled \'93Notice of Additional Grounds of Appeal\'94 dated 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid1845860\charrsid1845860 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1845860\charrsid1845860  June 2018 also received in the Registry of the Court of Appeal on 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid1845860\charrsid1845860 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1845860\charrsid1845860  July 2018 and duly forwarded to the Registry of this Court, sought permission to urge the following additional grounds in support of his application for leave to appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12780291\charrsid12780291 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12780291\charrsid12582912 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (1)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid12582912 That the learned trial judge erred in law in admitting the police records of interview statement that was unsafe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12582912\charrsid12582912 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid12582912  unsatisfactory and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12582912\charrsid12582912 not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid12582912 support}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12582912\charrsid12582912 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid12582912  by evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12582912\charrsid12582912 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid12582912  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12582912\charrsid12582912 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860 
That the learned Trial Judge erred in law in not giving cogent reasons for disagreeing with the majority opinion of the assessors that the Petitioner was not guilty}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12582912 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1447729 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (3)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1447729 That the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860 Learned Trial Judge erred in not making an independent assessment of the evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16146443 
 before confirming with the assessors that that the Petitioner was guilty of Rape, which was unsafe, unsatisfactory and not supported by evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12582912  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12582912 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12780291 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (4)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 That}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860  the Learned T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16146443 rial Judge erred in law and in p}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860 rinciple in taking into}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16146443  consideration}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860  irrelevan
t matters}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16146443  when sentencing the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860 etitioner and not taking into account relevant consideration(s)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 . 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12780291 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (5)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 That}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860  the Learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 Trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860 Judge erred }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 in p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860 rin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8014025 ciple and also erred in exercising}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid1845860  his sent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16146443 encing discretion to the extent t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid16146443 hat the Learned Trial Judge took a high starting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16146443 point }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12780291\charrsid16146443 of 12 years imprisonment rather than the tariff set.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12780291 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1447729 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 11.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1447729 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 he three grounds included in the Petitioner\rquote s initial application for leave }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3954565 to appeal dated 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid3954565\charrsid3954565 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3954565  June 2018 were against the conviction, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 and the first three additional grou
nds urged in the Petitioner\rquote s subsequent \'93Notice of Additional Grounds of Appeal\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3954565 dated 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid3954565\charrsid3954565 th}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3954565  June 2018 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3954565 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12780291 against }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1447729 the conviction, and grounds (4) and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12780291  (5) of the said subsequent notice were against the sentence. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10290642 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 12.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 The exclusive jurisdiction of th
e Supreme Court of Fiji to hear and determine appeals from all final judgments of the Court of Appeal is derived from section 98(3)(b) of the Constitution of the Republic of Fiji. Section 98(4) of the said Constitution provides that an appeal may not be b
rought to the Supreme Court from a final judgment of the Court of Appeal unless the Supreme Court grants leave to appeal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10290642 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10290642 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 13.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 The circumstances under which this Court is permitted to grant leave t
o appeal to a petitioner in a criminal petition are set out in section 7(2) of the Supreme Court Act 1998 which provides that:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10290642 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10290642 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 \'93In relation to a criminal matter the Supreme Court must not grant leave to appeal unless: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10290642 (a) }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 a question of general legal importance is involved;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li1800\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1800\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 
(b) a substantial question of principle affecting the administration of criminal justice is involved; or 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 
(c) substantial and grave injustice may otherwise occur.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10290642 
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 14.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 
The aforesaid criteria for granting leave under section 7(2) have been the subject of frequent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813 judicial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 
comment over }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 years. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813\charrsid10648813 
The stringency of the said criteria is amply illustrated in the following }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10648813\charrsid608441 dictum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813\charrsid10648813 
 of Lord Sumner in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10648813\charrsid608441 Ibrahim v Rex}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813\charrsid10648813  [1914] A.C. 599 at page 614:-  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441\charrsid10648813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813\charrsid10648813 \'93Leave to appeal is not granted 
\'93except where some clear departure from the requirements of justice\'94 exists: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10648813\charrsid608441 Riel v. Reg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813\charrsid10648813 
 (1885) 10 App. Case. 675; nor unless by \'93a disregard of the forms of legal process\'94, or by some \'93violation of the principles of natural justice or otherwise, substantial and grave injustice has been done\'94: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10648813\charrsid608441 In re Abraham Mallory Dittet }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813\charrsid10648813 (1887) 12 App. Case. 459.\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441\charrsid10648813 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid608441 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 15.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441 Following the same line of reasoning, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441\charrsid608441 this Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441 has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441\charrsid608441 
observed recently in paragraph 18 of its judgment in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid608441\charrsid608441 Sharma v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441\charrsid608441  [2017] FJSC 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441 ; CAV0031.2016 (20 April 2017) that-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441\charrsid608441 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441\charrsid608441 \'93
It is to be observed that the injustice that is said to have occurred }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid608441\charrsid608441 must not only be one that is substantial but also one that is grave.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid608441\charrsid608441 
 As such, even if the party succeeds in establishing that some injustice had been caused, that by itself may not be sufficient to obtain relief unless the party is capable of establishing that the injustice referred to is one that meets the threshold laid
 down in section 7 (2) paragraph (c) of the Supreme Court Act.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid608441\charrsid15761200 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10290642 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813\charrsid10290642 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5666111 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 16.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666111 I am }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4547010 mindful of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10290642\charrsid10290642 stringency of the said criteria}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4547010  which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5666111 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4547010 require}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666111 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4547010 
 to be satisfied in granting leave to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666111 , and note that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666111\charrsid5666111 all the grounds included in the Petitioner\rquote 
s application for l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10836954 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666111\charrsid5666111 ave to appeal as well as  the additional grounds advanced}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5666111  by him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666111\charrsid5666111 
 are couched in language most appropriate for appealing against the decision of the High Court to the Court of Appeal, and not a single ground urged on behalf of the Petitioner seek to assail}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13506717  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666111\charrsid5666111 the decision of the Court of Appeal in its impugned judgment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15473654\charrsid5666111  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4547010\charrsid5666111  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10290642\charrsid5666111  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4547010\charrsid5666111 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4547010 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5666111 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 17.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666111 The three grounds set out in the Petitioner\rquote 
s initial application for leave to appeal dated 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid5666111\charrsid5666111 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666111  June 2018 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1049089 are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9387284  intended}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8661533  to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9387284  re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1447729 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9387284 argue the same grounds that had been ra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5117373 ised before the Court of Appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9387284  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1447729 The five}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5117373\charrsid1049089  grounds raised in the subsequent \'93
Notice of Additional Grounds of Appeal\'94 dated 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid5117373\charrsid1049089 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5117373\charrsid1049089 
 June 2018 are all fresh grounds that had not been raised, argued or considered by the Court of Appeal i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9387284\charrsid1049089 n its impugned judgment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10290642\charrsid1049089 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5117373 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5117373 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 18.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5117373 
Considering the fact that though represented at the hearing before this Court by learned Counsel assigned by the Legal Aid Commission, the Petitioner was not so assisted while he applied for leave to appeal while
 being an incarcerated prisoner, all the grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1049089  urged by him will be considered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5117373  showing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1049089 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5117373 leniency and indulgence customarily extended to person so circumstanced.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13764084 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8661533 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8661533\charrsid8661533 Ground (1) The Evidence of Recent Complaint
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8661533  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8661533 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 19.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8661533  This ground, which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8142638 sought in essence to raise the issue as to whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8661533 the learned Trial Judge had given an \'93inaccurate direction\'94 to the assessors concerning }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid263067 the evidence of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8661533 recent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid263067  complaint}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8661533 
 has been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8142638 taken up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8661533 and argued before the Court of Appeal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid263067 The Petitioner
\rquote s complaint arises from the learned Trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10766729 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid263067 s direction to the assesso}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1049089 rs concerning the testimony of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid598092 DY\rquote s aunt Karishma Devi }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid263067 contained in par}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid598092 ag}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid263067 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid598092 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid263067 ph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid598092  32 of the summing up, wherein the learned Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid263067  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid598092 said:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8661533 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid598092\charrsid10290642 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid598092 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid598092\charrsid598092 You saw her
 giving evidence in Court. She had given prompt answers to questions put to her by the defence. It is up to you to decide whether you could accept her evidence beyond reasonable doubt. If you accept her evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid598092\charrsid598092 it corroborates the evidence of the victim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid598092\charrsid598092 regarding recent complaint about last incident of rape.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid598092 \'94(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid598092\charrsid598092 emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid598092 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid598092\charrsid13845248 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid598092 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid598092 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 20.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid598092 
Learned Counsel for the Petitioner has submitted before this Court that the said direction was likely to confuse the assessors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3548011 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid598092 
whether to take in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3548011 to account the 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid3548011\charrsid3548011 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3548011 
 count of rape or the last two incidents as to what was complained}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8142638 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3548011 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2179835 
 Although as noted by the Court of Appeal, the learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13138309 
Trial Judge could and should have used clearer language in his summing up, in the context of the evidence of both DY and her aunt Karishma Devi, to 
which the attention of the assessors had been drawn by the Trial Judge, there can be no ground for complaint. As the Court of Appeal noted in paragraph [7] of its judgment, the words used by the learned Trial Judge, cannot be c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13138309\charrsid13138309 onstrued as a direction to the effect that \'93the alleged commission of the crime of rape finds corroboration from the recent complaint made by the victim to the witness Karishma Devi\'94. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13138309 The le}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13138309\charrsid13138309 arned Trial Judge, had made a rather broad statement by highlighting the fact that Karishma Devi\rquote 
s evidence regarding the complaint she received from the victim does corroborate the evidence of the victim who in her evidence described how she reported the incident of rape to Karishma Devi.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11081738 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13138309 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 21.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13138309 In paragraph [8] of its judgment, the Court of A
ppeal has made the following observation:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660 [8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660 ] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660 
The State, in dealing with the impugned passage in the summing up contends that the passage has not caused a substantial miscarriage of justice. In support of the contention the respondent has cited, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660 Kehra v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660  [2016] FJCA 1; AAU0117. 2014 (12 January 2016). Another citation in support of this proposition is found in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660 Shameem Mohammed v. Reginam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660 
 29 FLR 154. Further, it is the contention of the respondent that the evidence for the prosecution, taken as a wh
ole is sufficiently strong to countermand any possible negative impact that may have been left by the impugned statement. In my view, there is no necessity for one to go that far in understanding the kind of purposiveness that the learned Trial Judge was 
seeking to reach by forming the directions in that fashion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660 
. Primarily he was highlighting the nature of consonance emerging out of the evidence of different witnesses who testified for the prosecution at the trial and in my view, given the nature of the pre
sent issue any exercise that entails further analysis may be seen as superfluous.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660 
 Moreover, since the victim in this case had been a 10 years child when she fell victim of the alleged crimes and therefore the need to look for evidence of corroboration has no relevancy in law in this instance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8590660 \'94(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660 )
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660             
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8590660 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 22.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660 
I do not consider the ground raised by the Petitioner merits any further discussion since the Court of Appeal has dealt with this ground carefully and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14290799 very rightly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660 dismissed the appeal on that ground.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13138309 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660 Ground (2) Absence of Evidence of One Count of Rape
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8590660 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 23.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8871919  second ground for seeking leave to appeal is that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660  learned Trial Judge erred in law and in fact }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8871919 when he convicted the Petitioner of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660 three counts of rape when there was no evidence towards one count of rape }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8871919 on the basis of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660 evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8871919  of DI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8590660\charrsid8590660 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8590660 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8871919 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8871919\charrsid1187537 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 24.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8871919\charrsid1187537 
Learned Counsel for the Petitioner has argued that though the Petitioner has in the course of his caution and charge interview}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1454002  admitted c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8871919\charrsid1187537 ommitt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1454002 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8871919\charrsid1187537  three incidents of rape, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16267416 the child victim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8871919\charrsid1187537 had testified in court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1187537\charrsid1187537 to only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8871919\charrsid1187537 two incidents of rape}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1187537\charrsid1187537 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1187537 
Learned Counsel for the Respondent has relied on paragraph [41] of the judgment of this Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1187537\charrsid1187537 Alfaaz v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1187537\charrsid1187537  [2018] FJSC 17; CAV0009.2018 (30 August 2018) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1187537 
where it was considered trite that  a \'93man may be convicted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1187537\charrsid1187537 , even of murder, solely upon his confession}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1187537 .\'94
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6714503 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6714503\charrsid14516211 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 25.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6714503\charrsid14516211 Given the circumstances of this case, I am of the opinion that there is no merit in the submissions made on behalf of the Petitioner on the second ground for seeking leave to appeal}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14516211\charrsid14516211 . The Court of Appeal has examined this ground carefully}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15429628  and dismissed the appeal on that ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14516211\charrsid14516211 , and the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15618073  ground raised does not satisfy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14290799  any of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15618073  threshold criteria for the grant of leave to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14516211\charrsid14516211 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15618073\charrsid15618073 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15618073 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15618073 Ground (3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15618073\charrsid8590660 ) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4331337 The Importance of Telling the Truth}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15618073\charrsid8590660 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15618073 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4083213\charrsid4083213 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 26.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213\charrsid4083213 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213 third ground on which leave to appeal has been sought by the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16267416  was also taken up}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213  before, and considered by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11608538 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4083213  the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11608538 . Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16267416 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11608538 ground}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16267416  raises the question whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213\charrsid4083213 
learned Trial Judge erred in law when he failed to remind the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16267416  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213\charrsid4083213 child victim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16267416 DY }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213\charrsid4083213 about the importance of telling the truth before receiving her evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4083213 resulting in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14290799 an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213 unsafe conviction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14516211\charrsid14516211  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11886744\charrsid4083213 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4083213 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10448245\charrsid4083213 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4083213\charrsid13715696 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 27.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213\charrsid13715696 It is clear from the High Court 
Record that no oath had been administered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16267416\charrsid13715696 on DY, the child v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213\charrsid13715696 ictim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16267416\charrsid13715696 in this case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213\charrsid13715696 before she testified at the trial. However, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1049089\charrsid13715696 it is apparent from the proceedings of 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid1049089\charrsid13715696 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1049089\charrsid13715696 
 February 2014, that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213\charrsid13715696 the learned Trial Judge had asked }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16267416\charrsid13715696 DY a few questions to }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213\charrsid13715696 ascertain whether the witness could }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16267416\charrsid13715696 understand and answer questions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4083213\charrsid13715696 . Having done so, the learned Tri}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1049089\charrsid13715696 al Judge had concluded that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4083213\charrsid13715696 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1049089\charrsid13715696 Considering answers, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4083213\charrsid13715696 witness is fit to testify\'94. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1049089\charrsid13715696 What questions were in fact asked by the learned Trial Judge from DY, and how she responded to those questions, is not clear from the Court Record. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5920110 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13715696 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5920110 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 28.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5920110 Nonetheless, I have examined the question and answer appearing as (1) in the proceedings of 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid5920110\charrsid5920110 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5920110  February 2014 up to question and answer  (26), which reveal that the witness unders
tood the questions put to her by the learned Counsel for the State at the very commencement of her examination-in-chief and how they were answered by DY, which demonstrate, in my opinion, two things: (1) DY has answered those questions extremely well and 
intelligently, and (2) the girl as young as she was, cooked her own food and also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16716177 attended to some }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5920110 housekeeping }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16716177 chores, besides going to school. When asked what is her favourite subject in school, her answer was \'93Maths\'94, and her best friend was \'93Jennifer.\'94 Her favourite cartoon was \'93Aladdin.\'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5920110  
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16267416 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16267416 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 29.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16267416 The learned Counsel for the Petitioner has submitted before this Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8009374 
that the learned Trial Judge should have informed the child victim to tell the truth since she was a child of tender years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16716177  There is nothing i
n the record to show that the trial judge had informed DY}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2901604  about the importance of speaking}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16716177 
 the truth, although it is on record that she was not administered the oath}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11888401  before she testified in court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16716177 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16267416 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8009374 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2558760 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 30.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2558760 In the course of submissions of Counsel before this C
ourt and in the written submissions filed, the provisions of section 117 of the Criminal Procedure Act, 2009 and section 10 of Juveniles Act, Cap 56 were referred to. Section 117 of Criminal Procedure Act, 2009 provides as follows:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760 \'93}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760\charrsid2558760 117. \emdash 
 (1) Every witness in any criminal cause or matter shall be examined upon oath or affirmation, and the court before which any witness shall appear shall have full power and authority to administer the usual oath or affirmation. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2558760 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760\charrsid2558760 (2) The court may at any time, if it thinks it just and expedient, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760\charrsid13715696 take without oath the evidence of any person}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760  -
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2558760 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid2558760\charrsid2558760 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-390\li1830\ri0\widctlpar
\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin1830\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760\charrsid2558760 
declaring that the taking of any oath whatsoever is according to religious belief unlawful or impermissible; or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1830\ri0\widctlpar\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1830\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li1800\ri0\widctlpar\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1800\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760\charrsid2558760 (b) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760\charrsid2558760 who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760\charrsid2558760 by reason of immature age}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760\charrsid2558760  or want of relig
ious belief ought not, in the opinion of the court, to be admitted to give evidence on oath. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760\charrsid2558760 (3) The court shall }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760\charrsid2558760 
record the fact that evidence has been taken in accordance with sub-section (2), and the reasons for allowing the evidence to be taken without oath}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2558760\charrsid2558760 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4679423 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4679423\charrsid4679423 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4679423 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2558760\charrsid2558760 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2558760 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2558760 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 31.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2558760 Although the reasons for not taking the evidence of DY}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4679423 
 under oath has not been recorded by the trial judge as required by the above quoted provision, the fact that no oath was administered by reason of the \'93immature age\'94 of DY
 is clear from the fact that the learned Trial Judge had asked some questions from the witness to ascertain her competence as a witness and has recorded the fact that in his opinion, she was \'93fit to testify.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2558760  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4679423 In my view, there has been substantive compliance of the provisions of section 17 of the Criminal Procedure Code in all the circumstances of the case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 32.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 
Section 10 of the Juveniles Act provides as follows:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 \'9310.(1) Wherein any pro
ceedings against any person for any offence or in any civil proceedings any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 child of tender years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 
 called as a witness does not in the opinion of the court understand the nature of an oath, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 his evidence may proceed not on oath, if, in the opinion of the cou
rt, he is possessed of sufficient intelligence to justify the reception of his evidence and to understand the duty of speaking the truth}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 
; and the evidence though not given on oath but otherwise taken and reduced into writing so as to comply with any law in force for the time being, shall be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 
deemed to be a deposition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753  within the meaning of any law so in force;
\par 
\par Provided that where evidence is admitted by virtue of this section on behalf of the prosecution, the accused shall not be liable to be convicted of the offence unless that evidence is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 corroborated.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 
\par 
\par (2) If any child of tender years whose evidence is thus received wilfully gives false evidence in such circumstances that he would, if the evidence had been given on oath, have been guilty of perjury, he sha
ll be liable on conviction to dealt with as if he had been guilty of an offence and the provisions of section 32 shall thereupon apply.\'94(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 )
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2580222\charrsid4675753 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 33.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2580222\charrsid4675753 
As already noted, the questions that the learned Trial Judge put to DY do not appear from the High
 Court Record, and it is not clear whether they were sufficient for the learned Trial Judge to conclude that DY was able to understand the nature of an oath or she was  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2580222\charrsid4675753  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2580222\charrsid4675753 possessed of sufficient intelligence to justify the reception of his evidence and to u
nderstand the duty of speaking the truth. However, assuming that the learned Trial Judge had given his mind to the a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2901604\charrsid4675753 
bove quoted provisions of the Juveniles Act, and decided not to take DY\rquote s evidence under oath, it may be reasonable to infer that in his opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5638077\charrsid4675753 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2901604\charrsid4675753  DY was possessed of sufficient intelligence to justify the reception of her evidence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11038510\charrsid4675753 
However, as already noted, there is nothing on record }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12341973 to show that the trial judge did inform}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11038510\charrsid4675753 
 DY about the importance of speaking the truth.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3500871 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4675753 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 34.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753 It is evident from
 paragraph [27] of the impugned judgment of the Court of Appeal, the relevant part of which is reproduced below, that it did entertain some doubts as to whether the provisions of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753  Juveniles Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753  would apply to a child of DY\rquote s age. In paragraph [27], Gama
lath JA, with whom Chandra JA., and Bandara JA., concurred,  observed that \endash 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 [27] Before concluding I wish to place on record another issue that attracts my attention within the pale of the facts and circumstances of this Appeal. This is in relation to th
e extent to which the operational sphere of Sec 10 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15367573  Juveniles Act s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 
hould be extended. In that context what is directly relevant is that Section 2 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15367573  Juveniles Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753  defines a \'93
Child\'94 as a person who has not attained the age of fourteen years. It means in effect, that it covers a range of those}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15367573  who are in their infancy (Sect }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 8 of the Act) up to the upper age limit of 14 years. However, Section 10(1) speaks of a \'93Child of tender years\'94 who has been called in as a witness in any court proceedings, including any civil proceedings\'94
. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid12719771 In my understanding, the application of Section 10(1) is confined to \'93children of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15367573\charrsid12719771  tender}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid12719771  years\'94, a phrase that finds no specific definition in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15367573\charrsid12719771 Juveniles Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15367573  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 In other words not all children who are under the age of 14 years are to be considered as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid12719771 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12719771\charrsid12719771 children of tender y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid12719771 ears}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid12719771 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid12719771 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid12719771 For instance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12719771\charrsid12719771 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid12719771 
 there can be many children who come forth as witnesses whose power of comprehension of the oath and its significance may not be in doubt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid12719771 
 and whether such children should also be included within the category of \'93children of tender years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13652410\charrsid12719771 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12719771\charrsid12719771  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid12719771 who should be exempted from the implementation of Section 10 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15367573\charrsid12719771 Juveniles Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid12719771 is doubtful to me}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753\charrsid4675753 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13567173  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13567173\charrsid13567173 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13567173 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4675753 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4675753 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15534613 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 35.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15534613 There is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11490156  no definition of the phrase \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15534613 child of tender years\'94
 in the Juveniles Act. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10121888 Section 10 of the Act, which uses the phrase to delineate its ambit, had its origins in section 38 of the Children and Young Persons Act of 1933 enacted by the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572  Parliament of the United Kingdom, which too did not contain a definition of the said phrase.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3284538 
 The proviso to section 38 of that Act, as does the proviso to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16720567 section 10(1) of the Juveniles Act, provides that \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16720567\charrsid16720567 where evidence admitted by virtue of this section is given on behalf of the prosecution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16720567\charrsid12482941 
the accused shall not be liable to be convicted of the offence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16720567\charrsid16720567  unless that evidence is corroborated by some other material evidence in support thereof implicating him.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16720567 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16720567 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16720567 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3409572 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 36.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar
\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572 It would appear that the phrase }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15367573 \'93child of tender years\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572 
has been used in different senses depending on the objective of the statute in which it finds a place, and it is therefore necessary to consider the meaning of the phrase for the purposes of the Juveniles Act of Fiji, in its special context. This}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13567173\charrsid3409572  Act deals with juveniles who comes into contact with the law or are in need of protection under the law. A \'93juvenile\'94 is defined in the Act as \'93
a person who has not attained the age of seventeen years,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13567173\charrsid3409572 and includes a child and a young person.\'94 A \'93child
\'94 is defined in the Act as \'93a person who has not attained the age of fourteen years,\'94 and a \'93young person\'94 as \'93a person who has attained the age of fourteen years, but who has not attained the age of seventeen years.\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13567173\charrsid16720567 This twofold classification of juveniles in the Act is important in delineating the ambit of section 10 of the Act, which applies only to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11490156\charrsid16720567 a \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13567173\charrsid16720567 child of tender years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15367573\charrsid16720567 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13567173\charrsid16720567 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13567173\charrsid16720567  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13567173\charrsid16720567 
As Gamalath JA has observed in the above quoted passage from the judgment of the Court of Appeal, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16605747\charrsid16720567 
not all children below fourteen years of age fall within the ambit of section 10 of the Juveniles Act, and the question is whether DY}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12130980\charrsid16720567 
, who according to the High Court Record was born on 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid12130980\charrsid16720567 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12130980\charrsid16720567  September 2001,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16605747\charrsid16720567  was a child of tender years at the time she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11490156\charrsid16720567 testified in court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16605747\charrsid16720567  on 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid16605747\charrsid16720567 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16605747\charrsid16720567  February 2014. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12130980\charrsid16720567 At the time of testifying in Court, DY was a little more than 12 years and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14575592\charrsid16720567  5 months in age}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12482941 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid16720567 He}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3612678 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid16720567  testimony in court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15367573\charrsid16720567 , specially her answers to question put to her in cross-examination,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid16720567  shows without any semblance of doubt that she comprehended the questions put to her and responded to them as any adult would. In these circumstances, in my own opinion, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15339825 there can be very little doubt that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid16720567 DY was not a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid134971\charrsid16720567 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid16720567 child of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid16720567 tender years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid134971\charrsid16720567 \'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid16720567  for the purpose of the Juveniles Act.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11490156 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 37.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar
\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11490156 The Court of Appeal nevertheless}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8009374\charrsid3409572  consider}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3500871\charrsid3409572 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8009374\charrsid3409572 
 the provisions of section 117 of the Criminal Procedure Act, 2009 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11490156 s well as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8009374\charrsid3409572 
section 10 of the Juveniles Act, Chapter 56 of the Laws of Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15216527\charrsid3409572  in the light of the recent judgment of this Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid15216527\charrsid3409572 Ravinesh Kumar v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15216527\charrsid3409572  [2016] FJSC 44; CAV0024.2016 (27 October 2016)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11490156 
 in arriving at its conclusions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3500871\charrsid3409572 . Having done so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15216527\charrsid3409572 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3500871\charrsid3409572 the Court observed as f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15216527\charrsid3409572 ollows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid3500871 \'93[16] I find that it is important to state at this stage that the questions that are asked to determine the competency of th
e witness should have a clear reflection in the Court Record, so that anyone who has a legitimate interest in finding the nature of the test carried out by the learned trial judge could gain access to the relevant procedure. The requirement to carry out t
he test of competency and the need to administer the oath of a witness are intrinsically interconnected with the norms of the right to a fair trial. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid3500871 
In a situation where having regard to all the attendant circumstances a court is of opinion that the need to
 administer the oath should be dispensed with, then the procedure that is carried out in arriving at such conclusion should have a reflection in the court record. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid4590625 
In the same way the court record should bear the evidence of the nature of the competency test carried out in determining the ability and the level of intelligence of a witness to testify without administering an oath. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid4590625 Section 117 of the Criminal Procedure Act has made this requirement mandatory}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid3500871 \'94.(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid3500871 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572\charrsid3500871 )
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3409572 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6046087\charrsid3409572 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 38.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6046087\charrsid3409572 In the light of the facts of the instant case, the Court of Appeal observed in paragraph [23] of its judgment that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6046087\charrsid6046087  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6046087 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6046087\charrsid3409572 the procedure adopted by the learned High Court Judge falls short of clear adherence to the provisions of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16146443 law. The Court of Appeal went on to observe that- }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1073685 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15367573 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5509671 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5509671\charrsid3409572 
In other words, the decision to forego the need to administer the oath and to carry out a competency test are not to be treated as functions to be performed perfunctorily. Strict adherence with the degree of transparency that is required
 to be maintained through the relevant notes as per Criminal Procedure Act (Record of Evidence in the High Court) Rules 1950 would serve the purpose in situations akin to the instant case.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5509671  

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5509671 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4392367\charrsid1073685 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 39.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4392367\charrsid1073685 However, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5731258 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4392367\charrsid1073685 the Court of Appeal stated in paragraph [2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5731258 4] of its judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4673315 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5731258  after }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4392367\charrsid1073685 carefully examined the entirety of the testimony of the victim
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4673315 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4392367\charrsid1073685  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5731258 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4392367\charrsid1073685 it is quite clear that the Court Record does not contain even a semblance of evidence to support the fact that she was an incompetent witness or a witness whose testimony cannot be trusted.\'94
 Taking into consideration the fact that the prosecution\rquote s case is not solely dependent on the evi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7610986 dence of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15825890 DY}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7610986  as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4392367\charrsid1073685 the caution statement of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15825890 Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15367573  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4392367\charrsid1073685 by itself provid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7610986 ed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4392367\charrsid1073685 incriminating evidence against the maker, the Court concluded that this is an appropriate case to apply the proviso to Section 23 of the Court of Appeal Act. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13843310\charrsid1073685 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4392367 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4392367 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 40.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4392367 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8864689 my view, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689\charrsid8864689 he C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689 ourt of Appeal has examined}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8864689\charrsid8864689  ground }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689 (3) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689\charrsid8864689 carefully and dismissed the appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5509671 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15367573  The testimony of DY has been corroborated by that of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid134971\charrsid134971 her aunt Karishma Devi}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid134971  and the medical evidence, and the caution statement of the Petitioner also points in the direction of its veracity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15367573  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13506717 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13506717 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5509671 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 41.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5509671 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689\charrsid8864689 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689  identical}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8864689\charrsid8864689  ground raised }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689 before this Court, in my opinion, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689\charrsid8864689 
does not satisfy any of the threshold criteria }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689 set out in section 7(2) of the Supreme Court of Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689\charrsid8864689 
for the grant of leave to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689  to this Court.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8864689\charrsid8864689 Other Grounds for seeking Leave to Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8864689 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8864689\charrsid8864689 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8864689 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 42.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689 It is now necessa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16146443 ry to consider grounds (1) to (5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689 
) urged by the Petitioner in his subsequent \'93Notice of Additional Grounds of Appeal\'94 dated 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid8864689\charrsid8864689 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8864689 
 June 2018. None of these grounds had been raised in the Court of Appeal or considered by it in the impugned judgment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555862 As this Court observed i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid555862\charrsid555862 n }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid555862\charrsid555862 Katonivualiku v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555862\charrsid555862  (C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555862 AV 1 of 1999; 17 April 2003)-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555862\charrsid555862 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555862\charrsid555862 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555862\charrsid555862 \'93
It is plain from this provision that the Supreme Court is not a Court of Criminal Appeal or general review nor is there an appeal to this Court as a matter of right and whilst we accept that in an application for
 special leave some elaboration on the grounds of appeal may have to be entertained, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid555862\charrsid555862 
the Court is necessarily confined within the legal parameters set out above, to an appeal against the judgment of the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555862\charrsid555862 \'85..\'94(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid555862 E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid555862\charrsid555862 mphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555862\charrsid555862 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid555862 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555862\charrsid555862 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11162955 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 43.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11162955 As his Lords
hip Gates P observed in paragraph [28] of his judgment in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11162955\charrsid11162955 Vaqewa v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11162955\charrsid11162955 
 [2016] FJSC 12; CAV0016.2015 (22 April 2016)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11162955 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7735217 where any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11162955 ground }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7735217 that had not been taken up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11162955 in the Court of Appeal is raised for the first time before this Court, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7735217 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11162955\charrsid11162955 is court would not entertain }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7735217 such f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11162955\charrsid11162955 resh ground of appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7735217 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11162955\charrsid13836157 
unless its significance upon the special leave criteria was compelling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7735217 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11162955\charrsid11162955 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7735217 In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3934858  the instant case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7735217 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555862 
he additional grounds urged by the Petitioner do not arise from the impugned judgment of the Court of A
ppeal, and no explanation has been provided as to why they were not taken up before that Court in the first instance. The Petitioner was represented by Counsel at the trial as well as in the Court of Appeal, which court was better placed to examine the ty
pe of issues raised in the additional grounds of appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10648813 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid555862 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 44.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555862 
From the perspective of the State and the society in general, great prejudice will be caused to the child victim DY, and children of her age who when they grow up will constitute the citizenry of the nation, if there is no finality in these matters.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4392367 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11490156 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid608441 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 45.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441 I have given anxious considerations to the additional grounds raised by the Petitioner in the totality of evidence in this case, and am of the view that they are not only lacking in merit, the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2969268 y do not satisfy the stringent criteria set out in section 7(2) of the Supreme Court Act for the grant of leave to appeal. No compelling reasons have been advanced for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid608441 considering }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2969268 the additional grounds }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441 in depth at this stage of the proceedings. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid608441\charrsid10511482 Conclusions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid608441 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2971600\charrsid10511482 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid608441 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 46.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid608441 In the result, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10511482 I am of the opinion that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2969268  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10511482 there is no basis for granting the Petitioner leave to appeal in this case, and that leave to appeal has to be refused. The application of the Petitioner has to be dismissed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid608441  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4392367 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10511482 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10511482\charrsid15143580 Ekanayake, J
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li450\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin450\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10511482 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490204 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 47.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7490204 
I have read in draft the judgment of Marsoof J. I agree with his reasoning, conclusions and proposed orders.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10511482 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5509671 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10511482\charrsid15143580 Chitrasiri, J
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10511482 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10511482 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 48.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10511482 I am}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7490204  in agreement with the judgment of Marsoof J. and also with his reasoning, conclusions and proposed orders. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10511482 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13856531 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13334665 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10511482\charrsid15274447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14576095\charrsid10511482 Orders of the Court:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri26\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin26\lin720\itap0\pararsid10448245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14576095\charrsid10511482 1}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10511482\charrsid10511482  Leave to appeal is refused.
\par 2. Application is dismissed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14576095\charrsid10511482 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid14576095                                                       \tab                                                     \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14576095 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2971600\charrsid14576095 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi360\li4680\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4680\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid10448245 
Hon. Mr. Justice Saleem Marsoof
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid14576095 
                                                         }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid10448245 \tab Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\tx7800\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10511482 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid14576095 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1909532\charrsid14576095 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid14576095 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10448245 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid10448245 Hon. Madam Justice Chandra Ekanayake 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid14576095                                                          \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid10448245 Judge of the Supreme Court

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid14576095 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi360\li4680\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4680\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid15274447 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14576095 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10448245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid14576095 
                                                          \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid10448245 Hon. Mr. Justice Kankani Chitrasiri
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid14576095                                                           \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid10448245 President of the Supreme Court

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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14576095\charrsid15274447 Solicitors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5519745 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14576095\charrsid15274447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14576095\charrsid15274447 Office of the Legal Aid Commission for the Petitioner
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Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions for the Respondent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10377505 
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