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{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}
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{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
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{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
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{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}
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\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION]
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 CRIMINAL PETITION No: CAV 0005.2018
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 
(On Appeal from Court of Appeal No: AAU 0019.2014)
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\par 
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 Petitioner
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 \tab \tab : \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 THE STATE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 Respondent   
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15229637\charrsid13006322 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 Coram}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 \tab \tab  :\tab Hon. Mr. Justice S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1792547\charrsid13006322 aleem }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 
Marsoof, Judge of the Supreme Court 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri-720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin-720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7999363 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 \tab \tab \tab Hon. Madam Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1792547\charrsid13006322 Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7999363 Ekanayake, Judge of the Supreme }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1921100 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 \tab \tab \tab Hon. Mr. Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13915062\charrsid13006322 Kankani}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 Chitrasiri, Judge of Supreme Court 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 
\par Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 \tab :\tab Mr. S. Waqainabete for the Petitioner
\par \tab \tab \tab Mr. S. Vodokisolomone for the Respondent
\par \tab 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 Date of Hearing:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 \tab 17 October 2018
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 Date of Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13006322 :  \tab 01 November 2018
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs32\ul\insrsid1921100 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid2558264 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3150155 {\*\bkmkstart _Hlk495961338}{\*\bkmkstart _Hlk480242996
}
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342 Saleem Marsoof, J
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-360\li360\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1921100 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1921100 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3570411 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3570411 The only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15229637 question that arises from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15475481 this application seeking}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3570411  leave to appeal is whether the trial judge had independently assessed the unanimous finding of the assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15475481 
when he disagreed with their finding and return}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15229637 ed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15475481 a verdict of acquittal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10163883 in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2558264 backdrop of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10163883  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4209830 
 rather bizarre happenin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15229637 gs of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15475481 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4209830 Christmas night in 2012}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15475481 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10163883  and whether the Court of Appeal was justified in vacating the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15475481 said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10163883 verdict and ordering a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15475481 fresh t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10163883 rial. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10163883 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13006322 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006322 This question arises}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10163883\charrsid15475481  in the context that the Petitioner, who had been charged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6258173\charrsid15475481 on one count of rape of 22 year old A.N.T (actual name suppressed) }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10163883\charrsid15475481 before the High Court of Fiji in Suva, was found guilty by all three assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6258173\charrsid15475481 
, with which finding the learned trial did not agree and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006322 returned a verdict of acquittal.T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006322\charrsid15475481 
he Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006322 by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006322\charrsid15475481 its judgment dated 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid13006322\charrsid15475481 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006322\charrsid15475481  March 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006322 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15229637 set aside }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006322 the said verdict, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15229637 and remitted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13006322 the case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15229637 for retrial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006322 , and it is against the said judgment of the Court of Appeal that }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15229637 the Petitioner seeks leave to appeal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16657874\charrsid15475481 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid11763269 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11763269\charrsid11763269 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid11763269 Before going into details about the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15229637  High Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid11763269  trial, the appellate proceedings before the Court of Appeal and the Petitioner\rquote 
s application seeking leave to appeal, it might be useful to outline the material facts of the case.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11763269\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid2558264 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11763269\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid2558264 
The Material Facts
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid2558264 

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11763269\charrsid2558264 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid2558264 It was Christmas night, and everyone was celebrating. A.N.T (
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3697981 hereinafter in this judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269  referred to as \'93the complainant\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid2558264 ), who}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269  was then}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid2558264  residing in Pacific Harbour}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269 , went }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid2558264 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269 Korociriciri, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid2558264 Nausori}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269 on 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid11763269\charrsid4214704 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269  December 2012 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid2558264 to celebrate Christmas with her boy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293501 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid2558264 friend and his sister\rquote s family}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269  and was there with them on Christmas eve.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3740846\charrsid11763269 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 5.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3740846\charrsid11763269 On Christmas day,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11763269 the complainant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16657874\charrsid11763269 \rquote s boy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16657874\charrsid11763269 friend}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269  collected money from his sister, her husband an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3697981 d her, and bought Rum, which
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269  all four}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3697981  of them}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269  drank mixed with Cola.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3740846 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid11763269 

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11763269 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 6.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269 At mid-day the four of them left Korociriciri and
 on their way to Suva went to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3697981 the complainant\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269 
boy-friends family place at Raiwaqa, where they collected some more money and bought beer, which they consumed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8133302  While drinking they all planned to go out clubbing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11763269\charrsid11763269 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4214704\charrsid8133302 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 7.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid8133302 After drinking they}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8133302 , now eight in number,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid8133302  came to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8133302 Suva }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid8133302 at about 11pm}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8133302  by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid8133302 taxi. All eight of them went to Ritz, a night club}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262  in Suva, and in the club they }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid8133302 drank some more beer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1456262  and danced.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid8133302 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 8.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704 After the Ritz closed, the complainant, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8133302 her boy-friend, his sister and her husband }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704 walked towards a second night
 club, which was at a distance, opposite Baily Clinic. The complainant and her boy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293501 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704 
friend were walking together}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704  and the others had already gone ahead of them. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8133302 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 9.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8133302 When }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3697981 the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8133302 complainant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704 and her boy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293501 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704 friend reached the Flea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262  Market aro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293501 und 4 }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262 am, they were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704 stopped by the secu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262 
rity officer at the Flea Market}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704 . As }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262 the complainant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704 explained}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262  at the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4214704\charrsid4214704 , \'93
I was standing close by on the upper steps. He (the security officer)  told us to come into the Flea Market.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538\charrsid2512538 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 10.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 The complainant and her boy-friend climbed over the gate
 and entered the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538 Flea Market. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538  The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538 
Petitioner, who was the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 security officer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538  in charge of the bus stand side of the Flea Market, gave}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538  them a carton to sit and he had gone to another place. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538\charrsid2512538 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 11.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 Then the complainant and her boy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293501 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 friend had engaged in consensual sex. After that they had got dressed again and the boy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3293501 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 friend had left to buy something and come back. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538\charrsid2512538 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2512538 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 12.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538 After the boy-friend had left, the complainant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 had continued to sit on the carton. Then the Respondent had come and sat next to her and suggested to have sex}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538 , which she }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 had refused. Then, the Respondent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538 is alleged to have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 pushed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538 the complainant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 on to the ground, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538 aken }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 out her pants and panty, got on top of her and removed her t-shirt too. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2512538 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10890789\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538\charrsid2512538 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2512538 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 13.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14187163\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538 The Petitioner then had sexual intercourse with the complainan
t. According to the complainant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 , she never consented to the act of sexual intercourse}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538  with the Petitioner}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid14187163 The Petitioner has not disputed that he had sexual intercourse with the complainant}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14187163  in the premises of the Flea Market}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid14187163 , but he claims that it was with her consent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538\charrsid14187163 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2512538\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2512538\charrsid1456262 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1456262\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid2512538 
The High Court Trial
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1456262\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262\charrsid1456262 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1456262 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 14.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262 The Petitioner was charged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3230587 
in terms of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3230587\charrsid3230587 section 207 (1) and (2) of the Crimes Act, 2009}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3230587 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3230587\charrsid3230587  that he on 26th December 2012 at Suva raped A.N.T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3230587 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3230587\charrsid3230587 
y having carnal knowledge of the said A.N.T without her consent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1456262 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3230587 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3230587 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 15.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3230587 After the Petiti
oner pleaded not guilty to the charge, the case went to trial before the High Court of Suva.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3230587\charrsid3230587 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3230587 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 16.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3230587 At the trial, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11948613 the fact that the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11948613\charrsid11948613 had sexual intercourse wi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11948613 
th A.N.T on 26th December, 2012 was an agreed fact.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx8280\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4142831 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11948613\charrsid11948613 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11948613\charrsid11948613 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 17.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11948613\charrsid11948613 The trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid206414 was short and was held from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11948613 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid11948613\charrsid11948613 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11948613  March 2014 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414 to 28}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid206414\charrsid206414 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid206414  March 2014 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11948613 before the High Court of Fiji holden in Suva assisted by three assessors. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414\charrsid206414 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid206414 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 18.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414 On behalf of the prosecution, three witnesses, namely, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11948613 he complainant A.N.T, Dr.SaiasiCaginidaveta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414  and Women Detective Constable 3614 Ana gave evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1456262 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414\charrsid206414 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid206414 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 19.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414 The Petitioner was the only defence witness
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11948613\charrsid11948613 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid206414 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 20.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx1260\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14187163\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414 
At the end of the trial, the assessors unanimously found the Petitioner guilty of the charge of rape. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid536550 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid536550\charrsid536550 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid206414\charrsid206414 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 21.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414\charrsid206414 The learned trial judge did not agree w}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3697981 ith the finding of the three}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414\charrsid206414  assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414\charrsid206414 and for the reasons set out in his judgment dated 28th March 2014, overturned the opinion of the assessors to return a verdict of acquittal, as provided in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3697981 section }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414\charrsid206414 237(2) of the Criminal Procedure Act, 2009. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid536550\charrsid536550 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid536550 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 22.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid536550 In paragraph [5] o
f his aforesaid judgment, the learned trial judge has set out a few reasons }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11237791 for disbelieving the complainant (whom he refers to a the \'93victim\'94
), which paragraph is quoted below in full:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li1170\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1170\itap0\pararsid14187163\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222\charrsid13073222 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid14187163\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839465\charrsid13073222 \'93}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222 [5] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839465\charrsid13073222 In the cross examination the victim admitted that she did not tell polic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293501 e that she had sex with her boy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839465\charrsid13073222 
friend. She said that she did not go to hospital immediately but went in the afternoon. She had not sustained injuries on her buttocks when she went backward on the floor. Victim admitted that she asked money from t
he accused. She also admitted that she came and sat down voluntarily where the accused sat on the carton.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11237791\charrsid13073222 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839465\charrsid11237791 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11237791 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 23.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11237791 It is noteworthy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5839465  thatin paragraph [8] of his judgment, the learned trial judge had elaborated on the facts once again in the following manner:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid536550 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid14187163\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839465 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9903602 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222 [8] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839465\charrsid5839465 
The evidence of the victim clearly corroborates the defence version that she had sex with the accused for money. Further, after agreeing the proposal of the accused, the victim voluntarily came and sat on the carton where the accused was seated. This cle
arly shows her consent for sexual intercourse with the accused on 26/12/2012. The offence of rape is made out only if there was no consent from the victim.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9903602 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839465 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9903602 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9903602 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 24.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9903602 
In paragraph [9] of his judgment, the learned trial judge stressed the duty of the prosecution to prove the case beyond reasonable doubt, and states that in this case \'93serious doubt has been created\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5839465\charrsid206414 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid206414\charrsid206414 Proceedings}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3752253  in the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid206414\charrsid206414 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414\charrsid206414 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16536936 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 25.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15227625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16536936 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid206414\charrsid206414 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16536936 Director of Public Prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3697981 s, on behalf of the State,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16536936  sought leave to appeal from the judgment of the High Court dated 28}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid16536936\charrsid16536936 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16536936  March 2014 on the following grounds:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14896205 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li810\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid13073222\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14896205 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14896205\charrsid14896205 1. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid14896205 The trial judge erred by not giving any, or any sufficiently cogent reasons for his reversal of the assessors' opinion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14896205 
\par 2.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604 The trial j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid9785604 udge err
ed in fact and law in finding that the assessors' opinion seemed to be perverse.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14896205 
\par 3.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604 The trial j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid9785604 
udge misdirected himself and or erred in fact }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604 and law when he found that the v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid9785604 ictim's }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1850726 evidence corroborated the \'93version\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid9785604  of the Defendant. (D).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14896205 
\par 4.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604 The trial j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid9785604 
udge erred in principle by purporting to make a finding that th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604 ere was corroboration of the defence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13073222 case ("version").
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13073222 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13073222 5.   }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid9785604 In the event that such a finding of "corroboration" is not a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604 n error of principle, then the trial j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid9785604 udge erred in making the finding whi
ch was not supported by the evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222 
\par 6.   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604 The trial j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid9785604 
udge did not direct himself (or the Assessors) in regard to recent complaint or evidence of distress.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222 
\par 7.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604 The trial j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid9785604 
udge did not direct himself (or the Assessors) fully or at all in regard to the issue of consent or alternatively has been inconsistent in his approach to the said issue, whereas in complete}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1850726  contrast in the j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13844364 udgment, the trial j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid9785604 udge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604 makes a specific finding that the victim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid9785604 did consent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13073222 8.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604 The trial j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid9785604\charrsid9785604 udge misdirected himself (and the asses
sors) by failing to consider that consent can vary in range from whole hearted enthusiasm through to reluctant acquiescence to unwilling submission.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9785604\charrsid13073222 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid9785604\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid206414 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3697981 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 26.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx630\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10824742\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3697981 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16536936 heSingle Judge 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3697981 of the Court Appeal, by his Ruling }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16536936 dated 12}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid16536936\charrsid16536936 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16536936  June 2015, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9526551 found }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16536936 that all t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16536936\charrsid16536936 he grounds of appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9526551  urged by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3697981 State we}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16536936\charrsid16536936 re arguable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16536936 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9526551 and granted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16536936\charrsid16536936 leave to appeal against the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9526551 Judgement of the High Court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16536936 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx630\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10824742\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9526551 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9526551 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 27.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx630\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10824742\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9526551 The case was then heard by the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13631722  on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3697981 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid3697981\charrsid3697981 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3697981  February }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13631722 2018, and the Court of Appeal in its judgment dated 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid13631722\charrsid13631722 th}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13631722  March 2018, specifically dealt with the matters raised by the learned trial judge in paragraphs [5] and [8] of his judgment.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx630\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10824742\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13631722\charrsid13631722 

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid793124 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 28.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx630\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10824742\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid793124 Dealing with grounds (1) and (2) urged by the State in the Court of Appeal, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1466251 Prematilaka JA, with whom Chandra JA., concurred, and Gamalath JA., agreed in his separate concurring judgment, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8073165 
stated succinctly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1466251 in paragraph [27] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8073165 of his well considered judgment that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1466251 pieces of evidence adverted to by the trial judge in his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8073165 
judgment at paragraphs [5] and [8] did not justify the conclusion that the complainant had consented to sexual intercourse with the Petitioner. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx630\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10824742\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8073165\charrsid8073165 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid793124 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 29.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx630\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10824742\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid793124 It is noteworthy that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8073165 Prematilaka JA\rquote s reasoning in this regard is found in paragraphs [23] to [26] of his judgment, which I quote below:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14896205 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li1080\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1080\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid14896205\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14896205\charrsid14896205 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1080\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid13073222\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9576344\charrsid14896205 \'93
[23] In my view, the Complainant\rquote s evidence that she had not thought of telling the police that she had engaged in sex with her boyfriend and that she had gone to hospital after giving her statement to police in the afternoon
 cannot have any significant bearing on the issue of consent. In any event she had told the doctor of her prior act of sexual intercourse with her boyfriend. Other than a mere narration of it, the Learned Judge had not drawn the attention of the assessors
 to this evidence to be considered in relation to the question of consent. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9576344\charrsid14896205 Tamaibeka v State }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9576344\charrsid14896205 Criminal Appeal No.AAU0015 of 1997S: 08 January 1999 [1999] FJCA 1 the Court of Appeal held:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13073222\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222\charrsid14896205 \lquote 
A Judge is entitled to comment robustly on either the case for the prosecution or the case for the defence in the course of a summing up. It is appropriate that he puts to the assessors clearly any defects he sees in either case. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1080\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid13073222\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9576344\charrsid13073222 [24] It is a fact that the complainant had not sustained injuries on her back. However, th
ere is no unequivocal evidence that she had moved backwards in a gesture to resist or avoid the Respondent on a surface that could have caused such injuries. The Respondent on his part had not stated in his evidence that the floor where he had sexual inte
r
course with the complaint was such as to cause such injuries if she had moved back. In fact, the Respondent under cross-examination had denied the suggestion put to him that the complainant was trying to move away from him. In any event there is evidence 
that the complainant was seated on a cartoon when the incident happened and it is not clear that she had moved outside the bounds of it later. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9576344\charrsid13073222 [25] It had been admitted in evidence by the complainant that she had asked for her bus fare from the Respondent
. The complainant had not made any attempt to deny that in her evidence. However, it is clear from her evidence that she had requested the bus fare }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9576344\charrsid13073222 
after the act of forcible sexual intercourse}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9576344\charrsid13073222 . She had never spoken to such a request being made either to her or to her boyfriend at any stage prior to the incident. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9576344\charrsid13073222 
The Trial Judge once again other than narrating this piece of evidence had not asked the assessors to consider whether an inference of consent could be drawn or a reasonable doubt could be cast from this admission on the issue of consent}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9576344\charrsid13073222 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9576344\charrsid13073222 [26] I do not find any evidence to support the statement \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9576344\charrsid13073222 
She also admitted that she came and sat down voluntarily where the accused sat on the carton}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9576344\charrsid13073222 .\rquote 
 in the judgment. The Learned Judge had stated this as a fact in the summing up as well even before a redirection on these lines was requested by the respondent at the end of the summing-up. However, the complainant\rquote 
s evidence reveals that it is the Respondent who had come and sat where the complainant was seated and suggested to have sex with her. The State was unable to provide any explanation why it had agreed to that re-direction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11219173\charrsid13073222 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3150155\charrsid13073222 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3150155\charrsid13073222 emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3150155\charrsid13073222 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8073165\charrsid13073222 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2378443\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1466251\charrsid1466251 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1850726 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 30.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid2378443\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1850726 
It is on this basis that the Court of Appeal allowed the appeal of the State on grounds (1) and (2) taken together. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2378443\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1850726 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1850726 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 31.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid2378443\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1850726 The Court of Appeal also considered grounds (3), (4) and (5) all dealing with }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11275932 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1850726 alleged \'93corroboration\'94 of the defence case by the evidence led at the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14232080 , when even the statement that the complainant had \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14232080\charrsid14232080 
admitted that she came and sat down voluntarily where the accused sat on the carton}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14232080 \'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14232080 
was not borne out by the evidence as observed by the Court of Appeal in paragraph [26] of its judgment.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2378443\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15007943\charrsid15007943 

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10245352 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 32.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-270\li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid14187163\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10245352 In paragraphs [49], [50] and [51] of his impugned judgment, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15007943 Prematilake JA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10245352 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15007943 dealt with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10245352 the trial judge\rquote s observation at paragraph [8] of his judgment that the complainant\rquote s admission that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15007943\charrsid15007943 
she asked for the bus fare }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15007943\charrsid11219173 after the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10245352\charrsid11219173  Petitioner had sexual intercourse with her}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11219173\charrsid11219173 clearly corroborates the defence version that she had sex with the accused for money.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11219173 
 In paragraph [51] of his judgment, Prematilake J. observed as follows:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14896205\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14896205\charrsid14896205 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid14896205\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14896205\charrsid5574481 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14896205 51}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14896205\charrsid5574481 ] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11219173\charrsid11219173 
I cannot understand how the admission by the complainant that she had asked for the bus fare after the forcible sexual intercourse could be considered as corroborating the Respondent\rquote s version of \lquote sex for money\rquote 
. The High Court Judge had clearly erred in drawing a wrong inference from the above facts lea
ding to his wrong decision that the complainant had consented for the sexual intercourse and then to the acquittal of the Appellant. This error amounts to a question of law and his decision is wrong on that.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11219173 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11219173\charrsid14896205 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11219173\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11219173\charrsid11219173 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11219173 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 33.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2378443\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11219173 Having allowed the appeal of the State on 
grounds (3), (4) and (5), on the above factual basis and on a correct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10960322  application of the definition of \'93corroboration\'94 in the light of the decision of the English Court of Appeal in}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10960322\charrsid10960322 R v Baskerville}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10960322\charrsid10960322  [1916] 2 KB 658 at page 667}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10960322 , which has been a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10960322\charrsid10960322 dopted in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10960322  Fijiin }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid10960322\charrsid10960322 Daniel Azad Wali}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10960322\charrsid10960322 v }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10960322\charrsid10960322 The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10960322  [2001] 1 FLR 192, the Court of Appeal turned to ground (6) relating to the question of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5574481 \'93recent complaint\'94 and  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10960322 the omission of the learned trial judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5574481 to advert to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10960322 
testimony of Vitori}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9247041 Tabua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10960322 , the colleague of the Petitioner who had arrived}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11275932  at the Flea Market almost at the time when the Petitioner had sexual intercourse with the complainant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5574481 
. In paragraph [57] of his judgment, Prematilake JA observed as follows:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5574481\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5574481 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5574481\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14896205 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid5574481\charrsid5574481 [57] The Learned Trial Judge had not considered the evidence o
f Vitori of what the complainant had told him immediately after the alleged incident that the Respondent had forcible sexual intercourse with her and what he saw at that time }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid5574481\charrsid5574481 i.e.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid5574481\charrsid5574481  she was crying and looking sad which could have gone to the consistency and 
credibility of the complainant. This omission in my view constitutes a wrongful decision by way of an omission or failure on a question of law as to the effect of recent complaint and evidence of distress on the consistency and credibility of the complain
ant\rquote s evidence on lack of consent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14896205 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid11219173 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6579737\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5574481\charrsid5574481 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574481 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 34.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6579737\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5574481 Prematilake JA allowed ground (6) as well on the above basis.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6579737\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5574481 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574481 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 35.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6579737\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5574481 The Court of Appeal considered grounds (7) and (8) together, in regard to the }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11952208 non-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5574481 directions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11952208  or misdirections
 alleged to have been made by the learned trial judge. After clarifying that the gist of these grounds of appeal was that the Judge had misdirected himself as to what consent means in a case of rape, the Court of Appeal considered the question in the ligh
t of the recent decision of the Court of Appeal in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11952208\charrsid11952208 Tukainiu v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11952208\charrsid11952208 
 Criminal Appeal No. AAU 0086 of 2013: 14 September 2017 [2017] FJCA 118}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11952208 , which decision has since been affirmed by this Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13052464\charrsid3099047 Tukainiu v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13052464\charrsid13052464  [2018] FJSC 19; CAV0006.2018 (30 August }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13052464\charrsid3150155 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13052464\charrsid13052464 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3099047 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11219173 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6579737\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11219173\charrsid11219173 

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2691811 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 36.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6579737\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2691811 It is pertinent that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3099047 Prematilake J. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2691811 concluded in paragraph [64] of his judgment that in the light of the decision of the Court of Appeal in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2691811\charrsid2691811 Tukainiu,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2691811  the learned trial judge\rquote s \'93confinement of the fault element in the summing up only to knowledge in relation to \lquote consent
\rquote  is erroneous\'94.   The Court of Appeal accordingly allowed the State\rquote s appeal on grounds (7) and (8)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3740589  as well}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2691811 
, and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3740589 set aside the judgment of the High Court.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6579737\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3740589\charrsid3740589 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3740589 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 37.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6579737\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3740589 However, the Court then considered whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2691811 in all the circumstances of the case the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3740589 interests of justice will best be served by entering a judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13073222  and verdict of conviction or by an order for a new}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3740589  trial in terms of section 23(2) (b) of the Court of Appeal Act, Cap. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4466410 12. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3740589 Prematilake J. observed in paragraphs [67] and [68] of the judgment as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3150155 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13073222\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid13073222\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3150155 
\'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3150155\charrsid3740589 
[67] The Learned Trial Judge had not addressed the assessors properly and adequately in relation to the issue of consent which was the Respondent\rquote s defence. Neither had he addressed them on the effect
 of the evidence of recent complaint favourable to the prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3150155\charrsid3740589 
. I am unable to say what view the assessors so directed may have taken on the charge of rape against the Respondent in view of both those matters.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3150155\charrsid3740589  The concept of \lquote interest of justice\rquote  should not only be applicable to the prosecution and the defence but also to the general public and society at large (See }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3150155\charrsid3740589 Togava v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3150155\charrsid3740589 
 Criminal Appeal No.AAU0006U of 1990S: 10 October 1990 }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12538616 HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/cases/FJCA/1990/6.html" \\o "View Case"}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf19\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3150155\charrsid13397823 [1990] FJCA 6}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid2498341\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3150155\charrsid13397823 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13073222 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3150155\charrsid3740589 
[68] Therefore, I am not inclined to agree to the request made at the hearing by the State to enter a judgment and verdict of conviction as opposed to its request for a re-trial in written submissions. I think the interest of justice deman}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3150155 ds that a new trial be ordered.\'94(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3150155\charrsid15102831 Emphasis added}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3150155 )
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13073222\charrsid3150155 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5720137\charrsid3150155 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 38.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5720137\charrsid3150155 
Chandra JA., and Gamalath JA have agreed with the conclusion of Prematilaka JA., that the appeal lodged by the State must be allowed, the Judgment of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15102831\charrsid3150155 the High Court dated 28
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid15102831\charrsid3150155 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15102831\charrsid3150155  March 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13397823 
 must be set aside and the consequent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5720137\charrsid3150155 verdict of acquittal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13397823 
 quashed, to enable the case being taken up for fresh trial against the Petitioner on the basis of the same charge. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15102831\charrsid3150155 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9526551\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5720137 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3752253\charrsid3752253 Application for Leave to Appeal to the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9526551\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9526551\charrsid9526551 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9526551\charrsid9526551 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 39.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9526551\charrsid9526551 The Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5720137 has sought }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9526551\charrsid9526551 leave to appeal against the said decision of the Court of Appeal on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5720137 the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9526551\charrsid9526551 following ground set out in his petition for special leave dated 13th April 2018:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13397823 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li630\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin630\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13397823 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid13397823\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13397823\charrsid13073222 \'93
That the Fiji Court of Appeal judges erred in law and fact when they did not properly consider the total evidence of the complainant especially under cross-examination which would definitely raise more than reasonable doubt about the case of the State and
 at the same time also supported the defence of the Petitioner although there are errors of the learned trial judge and are as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13397823 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13397823\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13397823 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13397823\charrsid13073222 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13397823\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13397823\charrsid13073222 
that the complainant came and sat at the carton where the petitioner was and where they had sex;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13397823\charrsid13073222 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (b)\tab}that the complainant then asked her fare from the petitioner.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li810\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid13397823\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13397823 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9526551\charrsid13397823 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 40.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9526551\charrsid13397823 
By virtue of section 98(3)(b) of the Constitution of the Republic of Fiji, the Fiji Supreme Court enjoys the exclusive jurisdiction, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2975966\charrsid13397823 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9526551\charrsid13397823 subject to such requirements as prescribed by written law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2975966\charrsid13397823 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9526551\charrsid13397823 , to hear and determine appeals from all final judgments of the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2975966\charrsid13397823 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2975966 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9526551\charrsid2975966 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 41.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9526551\charrsid2975966 
Section 98(4) of the Constitution provides that no appeal may brought to this Court from such a judgment of the Court of Appeal unless the Supreme Court grants leave to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2975966 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9526551 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2975966\charrsid2975966 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2975966\charrsid2975966 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 42.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2975966\charrsid2975966 The circumstances under which th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2975966 e Supreme }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2975966\charrsid2975966 
Court is permitted to grant leave to appeal to a petitioner in a criminal petition are set out in section 7(2) of the Supreme Court Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11952037 , No.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2765579  14 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2975966\charrsid2975966  1998}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2765579 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2975966\charrsid2975966  which provides that: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx2070\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid8796730\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid2975966 \'93
In relation to a criminal matter the Supreme Court must not grant leave to appeal unless:  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1710\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx2070\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1710\itap0\pararsid8796730\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid2975966 
(a) a question of general legal importance is involved; 
\par (b) a substantial question of principle affecting the administration of criminal justice is involved; or  
\par (c) substantial and grave injustice may otherwise occur.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8796730\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 43.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 
The stringency of the said criteria is amply illustrated in the following dictum of Lord Sumner in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 Ibrahim v Rex}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730  [1914] A.C. 599 at page 614:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid8796730\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 \'93Leave to appeal is not granted \'93except where some clear departure from the requirements of justice\'94 exists: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8401491 Riel v. Reg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730  (1885) 10 App. Case. 675; nor unless by \'93a disregard of the forms of legal process\'94, or by some \'93
violation of the principles of natural justice or otherwise, substantial and grave injustice has been done\'94: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 In re Abraham Mallory Dittet}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 (1887) 12 App. Case. 459.\'94 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8796730\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 44.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4466410\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 
The aforesaid criteria for granting leave under section 7(2) have been the subject of frequent comment by this Court over many years. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid7815866 Katonivualiku v The State}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730  (CAV 1 of 1999; 17 April 2003) the Court observed that: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7815866\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid8796730\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 \'93
It is plain from this provision that the Supreme Court is not a Court of Criminal Appeal or general review nor is there an appeal to this Court as a matter of right and whilst we accept that in an application for special leave some elaboration on the grou
nds of appeal may have to be entertained, the Court is necessarily confined within the legal parameters set out above, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid7815866 
to an appeal against the judgment of the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 \'85..\'94(emphasis added) 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8796730\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 45.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4466410\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid7815866 Livia Lila Matalulu and Anor v The Director of Public Prosecutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8796730\charrsid8796730 
, [2003] FJSC 2; [2003] 4 LRC 712 (17 April 2003), their Lordships expressed the role of the Supreme Court of Fiji in special leave to appeal matters in the following words:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7815866\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid8796730 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1080\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid4466410\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid8796730 \'93
The Supreme Court of Fiji is not a court in which decisions of the Court of Appeal will be routinely reviewed. The requirement for special leave is to be taken seriously. It will not be granted lightly. Too low a standard for its grant}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 undermines the authority of the Court of Appeal and distract this court from its role as the final appellate body by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 burdening it with appeals that do not raise matters of general importance or principles or in the criminal jurisdiction, substantial and grave injustice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 .\'94 (emphasis added)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid206414 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7815866 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid9526551 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 46.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4466410\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 The above quoted passage was cited with approval by this Court recently in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 Sharma v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866  [2017] FJSC 5; CAV0031.2016 (20 April 2017) wherein at paragraph 15 of its judgment this Court observed as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7815866\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid7815866\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 \'93
Thus, it is clear that the Supreme Court, in exercising its powers vested under section 7 (2) of the Supreme Court Act, is not required to act as a second court of criminal appeal, but will }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 only consider as to whether the question of law raised is one of general legal importance or a substantial question of principle affecting the administration of crimina
l justice is involved or whether substantial and grave injustice may occur in the event leave is not granted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 .\'94 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 ) 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7815866\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 47.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866 Bearing these principles in mind, I s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866 hall proceed to consider }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5720137 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7815866 only ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7815866\charrsid7815866  relied upon by the Petitioner in this case for seeking leave to appeal in some depth.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418  I believe that my tasks }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4466410 will be easier if I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418 paraphrase the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418\charrsid8353418 
sole ground on which leave has been sought by the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418 to give it the dressing of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418\charrsid8353418 a question}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418  without in any way detracting from the ground urged,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418\charrsid8353418  in the following manner:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8353418\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid8353418\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418\charrsid8353418 Did the Court of Appeal err in law and fact when it did not properly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8353418\charrsid481950 consider the total evidence of the complainant}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418\charrsid8353418 , especially those arising from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8353418\charrsid16416054 questions put in cross-examination}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418\charrsid8353418 , raise a reasonable doubt about the case of the State and guilt of the Petitioner?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418\charrsid8353418 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8353418\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2054456 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 48.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx630\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2054456 In my view}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418 
, this Court cannot ignore the fact that this application for leave to appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2054456 to this Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418 arises from a decision of the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6560789 Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2054456 in which the first ground on which leave to appeal had been sought by the State was that \'93
the trial judge erred by not giving any, or any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2054456\charrsid855804 sufficiently cogent reasons for his reversal of the assessors\rquote  opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2054456 .\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8353418 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4991811\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4991811 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4991811 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 49.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10635352\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4991811 In this case, the learned trial judge had disagreed with the unanim
ous finding of guilty reached by the assessors,  and t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2054456\charrsid4991811 he right to disagree with the opinion of the assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4991811\charrsid4991811  is conferred on the trial judge by section 237 of the Criminal Procedure Act of 2009, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4991811 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4991811\charrsid4991811 provides }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16416054 in section 237(2) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4991811\charrsid4991811 that the trial judge \'93shall 
not be bound to conform to the opinions of the assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4991811 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4991811\charrsid4991811 \'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4991811 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4991811\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4991811\charrsid4991811 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4991811 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 50.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10635352\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4991811 It is noteworthy that section 237}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16416054 (4)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4991811  of the Criminal Procedure Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4991811\charrsid4991811 
goes on to provide that the trial judge shall give his reasons for differing from the opinion of the assessors. In exercising hi
s power to disagree with the finding of the assessors, the trial judge as much as any appellate Court should make an objective assessment of the totality of the facts of the case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16416054 , }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid855804 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid855804\charrsid15729180 provide cogent reasons for differing from the finding of the assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4991811\charrsid4991811 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15729180  As this Court had the opportunity to stress in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15729180\charrsid15729180 
Mudaliar v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15729180\charrsid15729180  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15729180\charrsid15729180 2008] FJSC 25; CAV0001.2007 (17 October 2008)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15729180  at paragraph 112 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2054456\charrsid15729180 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15729180\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15729180\charrsid15729180 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid8081853\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15729180 \'93\'85.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15729180\charrsid15729180 assessors continue to play a vital role in the administration of justice in Fiji. That role was considered by the Privy Council in a case from Swaziland, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\ai\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15729180\charrsid15729180 MaklikililiDhalamini&Ors v The King}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12538616 
HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/cgi-bin/LawCite?cit=%5b1942%5d%20AC%20583" \\o "View LawCite Record"}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid15729180\charrsid15729180 [1942] AC 583}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid2498341\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15729180\charrsid15729180 . Their Lordships observed at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8081853 page }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15729180\charrsid15729180 588 that the giving of opinions by those who were, for practical purp}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8081853 oses \lquote assessors\rquote }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15729180\charrsid15729180  was part of the proceedings of the High Court, and had to be carried out in open court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8081853 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15729180\charrsid15729180 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15729180\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15729180\charrsid15729180 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8081853 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 51.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10635352\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8081853 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8081853\charrsid4083391 Ram v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8081853\charrsid8081853 Criminal Appeal No.\~CAV0001 of 2011: 09 May 2012 [2012 FJSC 12]\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8081853 this Court, at paragraph 80 of its judgment, highlighted the need to independently assess the entirety of evidence led in a case in the following words:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15729180 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid2433230\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4487717 
\par \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4466410 A trial judge\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4487717\charrsid4487717 
s decision to differ from, or affirm, the opinion of the assessors necessarily involves an evaluation of the entirely of the evidence led at the trial including the agreed facts, and so does the decision of the Court of Appeal where the sound}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4466410 ness of the trial judge\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4487717\charrsid4487717 s decision is challenged by way of appeal as in the instant case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4487717\charrsid4487717 In independently assessing the evidence in the 
case, it is necessary for a trial judge or appellate court to be satisfied that the ultimate verdict is supported by the evidence and is not perverse.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4487717\charrsid4487717 
 The function of the Court of Appeal or even this Court in evaluating the evidence and making an independent assessment thereof, is essentially of a supervisory nature, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4487717\charrsid4487717 an appellate court will not set aside a verdict of a lower court unless the verdict is unsafe and dangerous having regard to the totality of evidence in the case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4487717 \'94(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4487717\charrsid4487717 emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4487717 )
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4487717\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3150155 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4487717 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 52.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10635352\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4487717 
The question therefore in this appeal is whether the learned trial judge had made a proper assessment of the evidence and provided cogent reasons for differing from the assessors. Prematilake JA has very carefully evaluated the evidence in the case}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11091171  includi
ng the points raised in the cross examination of the complainant by the learned Counsel for the Petitioner  in paragraphs [22]to [27] of his judgment and concluded that the learned trial judge\rquote s findings \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11091171\charrsid11091171 that the above pieces of evidence show the complainant\rquote s consent for sexual intercourse is not justified and cannot be supported having regard to the totality of evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11091171 .\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8014225  What}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11091171  is pertinent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8014225  is that at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4487717\charrsid11091171 paragraph [44] of his judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8014225 Prematilake JA has gone on to observe }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4487717\charrsid11091171 as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4487717 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2254159\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\cf1\insrsid2254159 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid2254159\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\cf1\insrsid2254159\charrsid2254159 \'93[44] As pointed out ab
ove I have closely scrutinized and examined the totality of evidence but I do not find cogent and compelling reasons either in evidence or in the judgment for the Learned Trial Judge to have disagreed with the \lquote guilty\rquote 
 opinions of the assessors. Even the reasons given are flawed. Neither do I find that there is such a paucity of evidence against the Respondent to justify the Trial Judge\rquote 
s intervention and disagreeing with assessors and acquit the Respondent. In my view, the assessors could have expressed th
e opinion on the guilt of the Respondent, as they did, on the evidence available and on the directions received in the summing-up. Their opinion is far from being perverse as claimed by the High Court Judge. On the whole of the evidence available, I see n
o reason to disturb the guilty verdict which could be supported having regard to the evidence. It is not unreasonable or irrational.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2254159\charrsid2254159 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2254159\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2254159 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3150155 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 53.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx630\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10635352\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3150155 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2254159 
 crucial issue in the entire trial and before the Court of Appeal was whether the complainant had consented to having s
exual intercourse with the Petitioner, and as the Court of Appeal pointed out in paragraph [59] of its judgment, the learned trial judge had a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3150155 dverted to the question in his s}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2254159 umming-up only very briefly, to direct the assessors as follows:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6951356\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6951356\charrsid6951356 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid6951356\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6951356\charrsid6951356 \'93In relation to
 the issue of consent, you have to consider whether the accused knew or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6951356\charrsid6951356 ought to have known}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6951356\charrsid6951356 
 whether the victim was not consenting.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6951356 
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6951356\charrsid11084214 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 54.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4742778\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6951356\charrsid11084214 That is all that he has said about the issue, which was}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3150155\charrsid11084214  woefully in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6951356\charrsid11084214 adequate considering the provisions of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12542045\charrsid11084214 Crimes Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3150155\charrsid11084214  that deal with the fault or mental element}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12781331\charrsid11084214  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12781331\charrsid11084214 mens rea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12781331\charrsid11084214 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3150155\charrsid11084214  of the offence of rape}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12542045\charrsid11084214 
 in elaborate detail, that were examined in detail by this Court in the course of its judgment in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12542045\charrsid11084214 Tukainiu v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12542045\charrsid11084214  [2018] FJSC 19; CAV0006.2018 (30 August 2018).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5143675\charrsid11084214 At paragraph 49 of
 its judgment in that case, this Court cited with approval paragraph [34] of the judgment of the Court of Appeal in which that Court relied on section 21(4) of the Crimes Act to the effect that \'93
in a case of rape, the fault element would be established if the prosecution proves intention, knowledge or recklessness as defined in sections 19, 20 or 21 respectively.\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13709078 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11084214\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11084214\charrsid11084214 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12781331 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 55.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10635352\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12781331 The English c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13709078 ommon law has faced }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12781331 tremendous doctrinal issues throughout the centuries on the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006322  fault element(}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12781331\charrsid12781331 mens rea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006322\charrsid13006322 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12781331 for rape}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006322 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12781331  which were highlighted in a decision of the House of Lords}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12781331\charrsid12781331  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12781331 R. v. Morgan  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12781331 
[1976] AC 182, which was a scandalous case of a husband who had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12781331\charrsid12781331 invited three}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12781331  of his}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12781331\charrsid12781331  friends into his home to have sex with his wife. He told them that his wife was 'kinky', that 
she enjoyed feigning resistance to sex, and that any such resistance should be ignored. The three friends were subsequently charged with rape}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12781331 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6043255\charrsid6043255 The three friends argued that they had believed what }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6043255 the husband }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6043255\charrsid6043255 
had told them, and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1981679 as a consequence,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6043255\charrsid6043255  had honestly believed that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6043255 the wife }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6043255\charrsid6043255 was consenting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1981679 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13709078\charrsid1981679 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1981679\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1981679\charrsid1981679 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1981679 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 56.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li810\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid14056714\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1981679 The House of Lords, b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8401491 y }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1981679\charrsid1981679 majority}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8401491  decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1981679 
, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1981679\charrsid1981679 held that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1981679 the three men were not guilty of rape as they had h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8401491 onestly believed that the wife}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1981679  was consenting, even though they }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1981679\charrsid1981679 had no re}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8401491 asonable grounds for his belief, going against the trend of decisions such as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8401491\charrsid8401491 
Bank of New South Wales v. Piper}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8401491\charrsid8401491  [1897] A.C. 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13845459 83, 389-390 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13845459\charrsid13845459 Sweet v. Parsley}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13845459\charrsid13845459  [1970] A.C. 132, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13845459 
which required the honest belief to be reasonable as well.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14056714 The majority opinion in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14056714\charrsid10496108 Morgan }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14056714 as expressed by Lord Hailsham}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10496108  at page 214 of the judgment of the House of Lords}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14056714 , was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10496108  that since \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14056714\charrsid14056714 
honest belief clearly negatives intent, the reasonableness or otherwise of that belief can only be evidence for or against the view that the belief and therefore the intent was actually held}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10496108 .\'94 Lord Simon gave expression to the minority view when he said at page 220 that-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11084214\charrsid10496108 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10496108\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10496108\charrsid10496108 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1170\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1170\itap0\pararsid10496108\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10496108 
\'93A respectable woman }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10496108\charrsid10496108 
who has been ravished would hardly feel that she was vindicated by being told that her assailant must go unpunished because he believed, quite unreasonably, that she was consenting to sexual intercourse with him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10496108 .\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10496108\charrsid14056714 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14056714\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14056714\charrsid14056714 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084214\charrsid11084214 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 57.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11084214\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11084214\charrsid11084214 
In my view, the very clear provisions of the Crimes Act have been fashioned to guide trial judges in the task of guiding the assessors as well as themselves in regard to
 the fault element of a crime that does not impose strict or absolute liability, thereby avoiding the difficulties faced by the common law. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11084214 Se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid11084214 ction 13 of the Crimes Act provides in general terms that \'93all offences consists of physical elements and fault (o
r mental) elements, unless the law that creates the offence provides that there is no fault element for one or more physical elements of the offence or that different fault elements apply for different physical elements.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2967622\charrsid11084214  Section 18}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4466410  of the Crimes Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2967622\charrsid11084214  provi
des that unless the law that establishes a particular offence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2967622 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2967622\charrsid11084214 
pecifies some other fault element for a physical element of that offence, the fault element for a particular physical element may be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2967622\charrsid11084214 
intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2967622\charrsid11084214 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid542734\charrsid11084214 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid542734\charrsid542734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid542734\charrsid542734 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 58.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid542734\charrsid542734 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11156878 s this Court has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid542734\charrsid542734 observe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11156878 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid542734\charrsid542734  in paragraph 47 of its judgment in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid542734\charrsid542734 Tukainiu v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid542734\charrsid542734 
 [2018] FJSC 19; CAV0006.2018 (30 August 2018), since}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid542734  rape is not an offence that attracts strict or absolute liability as contemplated by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid542734 respectively, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid542734 sections 24 or 25 of the Crimes Act, section 23 of the Act, which is quoted below is applicable}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid542734  to a case of rape}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid542734 :- 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15694608\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid15694608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid15694608\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid15694608 \'93
(1) If the law creating the offence does not specify a fault element for a physical element that consists only of conduct, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid15694608 intention is the fault element}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid15694608  for that physical element.  
\par 
\par (2) If the law creating the offence does not specify a fault element for a physical element that consists of a circumstance or a result}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid15694608 , recklessness is the fault element
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid15694608  for that physical element.\'94(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid15694608 emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid15694608 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15694608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15694608\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15694608\charrsid15694608 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10313936 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 59.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10496108\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10313936 Given that recklessness 
is the fault element for rape, it is necessary to consider the provisions of section 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13709078 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10313936 
 of the Crimes Act, which explains how this element should be applied to individual cases in the following terms:-
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10496108 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13598471\charrsid14970458 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1080\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid10496108 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 \'9321. \emdash 
 (1) A person is reckless with respect to a circumstance if \emdash  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13709078 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 (a) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 he or she is aware of a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid4005016 substantial risk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 
 that the circumstance exists or will exist; and 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 (b)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078  having regard to the circumstances known to him or her, it is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid4005016 unjustifiable to take the risk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1080\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid13598471 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 
(2) A person is reckless with respect to a result if \emdash  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13709078 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 (a) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 he or she is aware of a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid4005016 substantial risk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 
 that the result will occur; and 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 (b)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078  having regard to the circumstances known to him or her, it is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid4005016 unjustifiable to take the risk.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1080\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid13598471 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 
(3) The question whether taking a risk is unjustifiable is one of fact. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1182109 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078 
(4) If recklessness is a fault element for a physical element of an offence, proof of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid4005016 intention, knowledge or recklessness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13598471\charrsid13709078  will satisfy that fault element.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13709078 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13598471 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1182109\charrsid13709078 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13709078\charrsid6577801 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 60.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13709078\charrsid6577801 While the learned trial judge had adverted to the element of knowledge in his summing up, he had not addressed the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid23293 
assessors on the mental elements of intention and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13709078\charrsid6577801  recklessness, which in t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid23293 he circumstances of the case were}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13709078\charrsid6577801  very crucial. Nor has he dealt with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid23293 fault }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13709078\charrsid6577801 element specifically in his judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3544963\charrsid6577801 
In my view, the Petitioner ought to have been aware of the risk he was taking with the complainant, who was a total stranger to him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid23293  and was possibly still}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3544963\charrsid6577801  under the influence of liquor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4532757\charrsid6577801 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid23293\charrsid23293 
The Petitioner had, w
hile on duty as a security guard at the Flea Market, permitted the complainant and her boy-friend to enter the premises and to have sexual intercourse within the premises, and after the boy-friend left the place, he too had sexual intercourse with the com
plainant, taking a risk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid23293  in regard }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid23293\charrsid23293 
to whether or not the complainant consented to sex. Whether the said risk is justifiable or not is a question of fact in terms of section 21(3) of the Crimes Act, and the learned trial judge should have specifically directe
d the assessors in this regard to enable them to make an informed finding on the issue of consent.   
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid23293 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14306798\charrsid6577801 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 61.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14306798\charrsid6577801 
In the factual situation that arose in this case, the Petitioner has invoked the principle that every accused person is entitled the benefit of the doubt. The learned trial judge in his summing up has referred to the boy-friend of the complainant as a 
\'93mystery\'94 since }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid23293 he simply disappeared from the scene and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14306798\charrsid6577801 
there is no information at all as to why he left the complainant alone in the Flea Market virtually at the mercy of the Petitioner. There is some evidence that prior to his departure he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687 
r boy-frie}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6577801\charrsid6577801 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14306798\charrsid6577801  had spoken briefly with the Petitioner, and in the course of his caution }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687 interview}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14306798\charrsid6577801 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14306798\charrsid6577801  was asked whether he chased him out, which the Petitioner has denie}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid23293 
d. There is nothing to show that the Police had attempted to trace this individual, who would have been a material witness. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid23293\charrsid23293 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6577801\charrsid16458753 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid542734 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 62.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid542734 
The points made by the learned Counsel for the Petitioner in his lengthy cross-examination of the complainant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16458753  such as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687 
her failure to disclose to the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16458753\charrsid16458753 olice that she had engaged in sex with her b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687 oy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293501 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687 {\*\bkmkstart _GoBack}{\*\bkmkend _GoBack}friend}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7870265  while in the Flea Market}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687 , herrefusal at first to go}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16458753\charrsid16458753  to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16458753\charrsid16458753  hospital }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687 for medical examination, and the absence of injuries on her buttocks even after allegedly }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2561383 moving }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687 backwards when }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2561383 resisting the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687 Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2561383 \rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687  attempting to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2561383 forcefully have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687 sexual }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12542045 intercourse with he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid200687 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8807762 have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16458753 all }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8807762 
been considered by the Court of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3544963 Appeal in paragraphs [23] to [25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8807762 ] of its judgment which I h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6432757 ave quoted fully in paragraph 29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8807762  of this judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12542045 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12542045\charrsid12542045 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3544963 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 63.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3544963 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12679214 
factually erroneous direction that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3544963  had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid200687 been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3544963 
given by the trial judge to the assessors to the effect that the complainant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2561383 had admitted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3544963 
going over to where the Petitioner was seated and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2561383 sat beside him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12542045 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2561383  when her testimony was that it was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12542045  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2561383  Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2561383\charrsid2561383 who had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2561383 gone }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2561383\charrsid2561383 and
 sat where the complainant was seated and suggested to have sex with her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2561383 , has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3544963 
 been considered by the Court of Appeal in paragraph  [26] of its judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11696561 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16458753\charrsid16458753 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458753 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 64.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16458753 
What is most material of course is the evidence of Vitori the other security guard, who had come to the complainant\rquote s rescue and had taken her to the police post, which has been altogether omitted by the learned trial judge from his judgment, and}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3544963  despite which the assessors still found the Petitioner unanimously guilty.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16458753 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3544963\charrsid3544963 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8973\charrsid8973 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 65.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973\charrsid8973 In the circumstances, I do not see any justification for granting l}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2561383 eave to appeal on the sole ground }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973\charrsid8973 
advanced by him in support of his present application before this Court. As this Court observed recently in paragraph 18 of its judgment in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8973\charrsid8973 Sharma v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973\charrsid8973  [2017] FJSC 5; CAV0031.2016 (20 April 2017)- }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8973\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973\charrsid8973 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid8973\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973\charrsid8973 \'93
It is to be observed that the injustice that is said to have occurred must not only be one that is substantial but also one that is grave. As such, even if the party succeeds in establishing that some injust
ice had been caused, that by itself may not be sufficient to obtain relief unless the party is capable of establishing that the injustice referred to is one that meets the threshold laid down in section 7 (2) paragraph (c) of the Supreme }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973\charrsid8973 Court Act.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3544963 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8973\charrsid8973 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 66.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3617765\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973\charrsid8973 The Petitioner has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8973 ,in my opinion, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973\charrsid8973 failed to satisfy the threshold criteria required to obtain leave of this Court to pursue his appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3168981 based on the only}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973  ground }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3168981 urged b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973 y him. 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3617765\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid270149 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid270149 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 67.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3617765\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid270149 Learned Counsel for the Petitioner has submitted before this Court that }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3171656 the Petitioner will be unduly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid270149 
 prejudiced by having to go through a second trial on the same charge on which he has been acquitted by the trial judge. He has also stressed that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3171656 considering }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid270149 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3171656 time lapse of over five years between the incident that took place on 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid3171656\charrsid3171656 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3171656  D
ecember 2012 and the date on which the retrial would commence, a second trial will not further the interests of justice due to the non-availability of witnesses and the fading memory of available witnesses. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3617765 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3617765\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3617765\charrsid3617765 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3617765 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 68.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1389324\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3617765 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid3617765 n my considered opinion, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3617765 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid3617765 the Court of Appea
l, very properly observed in paragraph  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid1389324 [67] of its judgment that \'93the concept of \lquote interest of justice\rquote 
 should not only be applicable to the prosecution and the defence but also to the general public and society at large (See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid1389324 Togava v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid1389324  Criminal Appeal No.AAU0006U of 1990S: 10 October 1990 [1990] FJCA 6).\'94It is obvious that both the complainant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3617765\charrsid1389324 and}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid1389324  the Petitioner will face some amount of prejudice if they have to go through another trial, but it is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16189375\charrsid1389324  equally important to vindicate our cherished system of justice. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1389324 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1389324\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1389324\charrsid1389324 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16189375\charrsid1389324 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 69.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1389324\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16189375\charrsid1389324 In my view, it is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid1389324  important to bear in mind that acquitting t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16189375\charrsid1389324 he Petitioner as prayed for by the l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid1389324 earned Counsel for the Petitioner  in all the circumstances }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3617765\charrsid1389324 of this case, will serve neither }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid1389324 the interest of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3617765\charrsid1389324 justice nor the best interest of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid1389324 society, and might in particular undermine the system of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16189375\charrsid1389324 administration of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid1389324 justice in place in Fiji, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3617765\charrsid1389324 in which, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid1389324 
as already noted the assessors play an important role.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid270149\charrsid1389324 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15932519\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15932519\charrsid15932519 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4012854\charrsid3617765 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 70.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3617765\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4012854\charrsid3617765 I am therefore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3617765 of the opinion that there is no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1389324 merit i
n the submissions made on behalf of the Petitioner, and the ground urged for seeking leave to appeal does not meet the stringent threshold criteria for the grant of l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3617765 eave to appeal }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1389324 to this Court. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1389324\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1389324\charrsid1389324 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1389324\charrsid1389324 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 71.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid598650\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1389324\charrsid1389324 In these circumstances, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4012854\charrsid1389324 application for leave to appeal has to be refused. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3812258 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2433230\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6360362\charrsid6360362 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li450\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin450\itap0\pararsid2433230 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6360362\charrsid3168981 Conclusion
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6360362\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6360362\charrsid6360362 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6360362 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 72.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1389324\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6360362 In the result, I would make order refusing leave to appeal, and dismiss}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1389324 ing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6360362 the Petitioner\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1389324 application. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3812258 I shall make order accordingly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1389324 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10255004\charrsid1389324 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1389324\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1389324 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10255004 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10255004 Chandra Ekanayake, J
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10255004 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1389324 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 73.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1389324 
I have read the judgment of Marsoof J. in draft, and I agree with its reasoning, conclusions and orders proposed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6360362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16189375\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16189375 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10255004 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7877775 Kankani}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10255004 Chitrasiri, J
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10255004\charrsid10255004 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1389324 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 74.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10255004\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1389324 I am in agreement with the judgment of Marsoof J. and also agree with his reasons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11156878 , his conclusions and the orders proposed by him. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10255004 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li450\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin450\itap0\pararsid2561383 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8973 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa100\saauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16189375\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2433230 {\*\bkmkend _Hlk495961338}
{\*\bkmkend _Hlk480242996}O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid10636110 rders of the Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3168981 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (1)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa100\saauto1\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11156878\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3168981 Application for leave to appeal is refused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11156878 ; and
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11156878\charrsid11156878 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11156878\charrsid11156878 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3168981\charrsid11156878 Pet}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3812258\charrsid11156878 itioner\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11156878\charrsid11156878 application is dismissed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16189375 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa100\saauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4065734\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4065734\charrsid11156878 

\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11156878 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab {\*\bkmkstart _Hlk496417451}\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11156878 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11156878\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab 
\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11156878 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab {\*\bkmkend _Hlk496417451}\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid12734518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li4320\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid12920342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid12734518 
Hon. Mr. Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915062 aleem}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342  Marsoof}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid12734518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li4320\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid2433230\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342 Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid3805763  of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2433230\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2433230 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid12920342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 \tab \tab \tab 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11156878 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10289888 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4065734 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab ............................\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85....}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7999363 ............}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid12734518 
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid12734518 Hon. M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 
adam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid12734518  Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915062 Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 Ekanayake}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid12734518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li4320\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid2433230\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid3805763 Ju}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342 stice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid3805763  of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid16189375 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid12920342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3168981 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6360362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4065734 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 .............................\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85....}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7999363 ....}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid12734518 
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid12734518 Hon. M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 r.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid12734518  Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13915062 Kankani}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 Ch}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7999363 it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342 rasiri}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid12734518 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li4320\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid2433230\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid3805763 Ju}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342 stice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid3805763  of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2433230 

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\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342\charrsid9653455 Solicitors:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12920342 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12920342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid9653455 
Office of the Legal Aid Commission}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342  for the Petitioner.
\par Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions for the Respondent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid9653455 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12920342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920342\charrsid13502932 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2498341 
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