{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch37\stshfloch37\stshfhich37\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f2\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset0\fprq1{\*\panose 02070309020205020404}Courier New;}
{\f3\fbidi \froman\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05050102010706020507}Symbol;}{\f10\fbidi \fnil\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05000000000000000000}Wingdings;}{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}
{\f36\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}{\f37\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\f39\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0302020204030204}Calibri Light;}
{\f40\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0502040204020203}Segoe UI;}{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}
{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}
{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f41\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\f42\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\f44\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f45\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f46\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\f47\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\f48\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f49\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\f61\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset238\fprq1 Courier New CE;}{\f62\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset204\fprq1 Courier New Cyr;}
{\f64\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset161\fprq1 Courier New Greek;}{\f65\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset162\fprq1 Courier New Tur;}{\f66\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset177\fprq1 Courier New (Hebrew);}{\f67\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset178\fprq1 Courier New (Arabic);}
{\f68\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset186\fprq1 Courier New Baltic;}{\f69\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset163\fprq1 Courier New (Vietnamese);}{\f381\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}{\f382\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}
{\f384\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f385\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f388\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}{\f389\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}
{\f401\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\f402\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\f404\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\f405\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
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{\f431\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri Light CE;}{\f432\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Light Cyr;}{\f434\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Light Greek;}{\f435\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Light Tur;}
{\f438\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Light Baltic;}{\f439\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri Light (Vietnamese);}{\f441\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Segoe UI CE;}{\f442\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Segoe UI Cyr;}
{\f444\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Segoe UI Greek;}{\f445\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Segoe UI Tur;}{\f446\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Segoe UI (Hebrew);}{\f447\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Segoe UI (Arabic);}
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{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}
{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}
{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;
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\fi-180\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-180\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li6840\lin6840 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-180\li7560\lin7560 }{\listname ;}\listid147526408}{\list\listtemplateid-1116424238\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid170921157}{\list\listtemplateid-154901594\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698689\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1380\lin1380 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2100\lin2100 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698693\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f10\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2820\lin2820 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
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\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4260\lin4260 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698693
\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f10\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4980\lin4980 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698689
\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5700\lin5700 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers
;}\f2\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6420\lin6420 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698693\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}
\f10\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li7140\lin7140 }{\listname ;}\listid186261031}{\list\listtemplateid-1015363064\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
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\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2100\lin2100 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698693
\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f10\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2820\lin2820 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698689
\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3540\lin3540 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers
;}\f2\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4260\lin4260 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698693\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}
\f10\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4980\lin4980 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698689\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}
\f3\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5700\lin5700 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li6420\lin6420 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698693\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f10\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li7140\lin7140 }{\listname ;}\listid423654576}{\list\listtemplateid-300142482\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid577978227}{\list\listtemplateid-1570857436\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698689\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1380\lin1380 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2100\lin2100 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698693\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f10\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2820\lin2820 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698689\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3540\lin3540 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4260\lin4260 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698693
\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f10\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4980\lin4980 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698689
\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5700\lin5700 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers
;}\f2\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6420\lin6420 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698693\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}
\f10\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li7140\lin7140 }{\listname ;}\listid1076123912}{\list\listtemplateid-1297729222\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698689\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698693
\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f10\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698689
\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers
;}\f2\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698693\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}
\f10\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698689\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}
\f3\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698691\'01o;}{\levelnumbers;}\f2\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li6840\lin6840 }{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698693\'01\u-3929 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f10\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li7560\lin7560 }{\listname ;}\listid1097556562}{\list\listtemplateid-1586449808\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1348361927}{\list\listtemplateid-1843906286\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1497633552\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
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IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
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\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15290813\charrsid8208692 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  ABU 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1333701 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 050 & 0051 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15290813\charrsid8208692 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1333701 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15290813\charrsid8208692 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5586941 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15290813\charrsid8208692 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15290813\charrsid8208692 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 BETWEEN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid415199\charrsid415199 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid415199 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid415199\charrsid415199 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 MOHAMMED ALAM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \fi720\li7200\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin7200\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15290813\charrsid8208692 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid415199 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid415199\charrsid415199 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid415199\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1404210\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 COLONIAL NATIONAL BANK}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li2880\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid415199\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1404210\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \tab \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 REGISTRAR \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 OF TITLES
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid415199\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0              }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1404210\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1404210\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \tab \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 MOHAMMED SHAHEE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1404210\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  AIRU}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1404210\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  KHAN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid415199 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Respondents
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15290813\charrsid8208692 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15290813\charrsid8208692 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Coram\tab \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :     \tab Hon. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823\charrsid415199 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . Justice Suresh Chandra, \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Judge\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the Supreme Court 
\par \tab \tab \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
.  Justice Brian Keith, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . Justice Kankani Chitrasiri,\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Judge of the Supreme \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Counsel\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \tab \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1404210\charrsid415199 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
A. Sen and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16189798\charrsid415199 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  G. O\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 Driscoll}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210\charrsid415199 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 S. Devan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  for the 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 st\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Respondent
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210\charrsid415199 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 J. Pickering }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for the 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Respondent
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Third Respondent in Person
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Date of Hearing:\tab \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2246327\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid415199 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  April 2018
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Date of Judgment\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :  \tab  27 April 2018
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid8208692 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs32\ul\insrsid15290813\charrsid16546742 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15290813\charrsid8208692 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15290813\charrsid8208692 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Chandra J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15290813\charrsid8208692 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6650868 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1333701 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1333701 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I agree with the reasoning and conclusion in the judgment of Keith}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1333701 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1333701\charrsid2246327 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9782085\charrsid10435435 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Keith J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9782085\charrsid10435435 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9782085 {\*\bkmkstart _GoBack}{\*\bkmkend _GoBack}
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10435435\charrsid10435435 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9782085\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Introduction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9782085 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9981683\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2.     }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9981683\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In his written submissions, counsel for the petitioner reminded us of what Aristotle said about the need for justice and equity to coincide.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
  I regret that this judgment will be more prosaic than Aristotle had in mind, but it does illustrate the tension}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14959332\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9981683\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  can arise when a mortgagee\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s power of resale clashes with the mortgagor\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s right to redeem the mortgage.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3894657\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 An }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid857836\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 understanding of the facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9981683\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f the case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid857836\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3894657\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 important, and I trust that I will be forgiven for going into them in some detail.  I take them from the exhibits which were before the High Court and the findings of fact made by the trial judge, Wati J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9782085 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9782085\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9782085 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3894657\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid986869\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid986869\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9782085\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Plaintif}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5834286\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
f, Mo\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hammed Alam, was the lessee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9782085\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of a property in Seaqaqa on the Island of Vanua Levu.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid15668616\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5853815 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 
 The exhibits show that the Plainiff\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s name is Mohammed Alam Khan.  However, I shall refer to him as Mohammed Alam because that is how he has been referred to and in order to avoid confusion with the Fourth Defendant.}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid986869\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9317815\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 had been built in 1994.  It }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid986869\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 consisted of commercial premises on }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14426490\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 split levels on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid986869\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the ground floor and a residential }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9317815\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 flat on the first floor.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5853815\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5853815 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  A full des
\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 cription of the property can be seen in a valuation report on the property included at p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1530330 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 p 699-707}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 
\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  of the Record of the High Court.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid986869\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The assignment to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid986869\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1525580\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of the lease had originally been funded by a loan from the ANZ Bank, but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1525580\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Alam was persuaded to switch to a different lender, and in February 2000, he borrowed the sum }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11230335\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of $141,400.00 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10954133\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 from the First Defendant, the Colonial National Bank (\'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 the Bank\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11230335\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid12920317\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 
\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37   The Colonial National Bank was the trading name of the National Bank of Fiji Ltd.  }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1525580\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , wh\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ich he used to pay off his existing loan. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11230335\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1525580\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  new}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11230335\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  loan was repayable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11230335\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 instalment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid222881 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11230335\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of $1,250.00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid986869\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  a month, and it was secured by a charge on the property.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9782085 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3894657\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13255842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13255842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid986869\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Alam fell into }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13255842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
arrears with the mortgage repay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid986869\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ments almost immediately.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13255842\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   He did not pay\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  any of the first seven }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 instalment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13255842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 due under the mortgage.  Accordingly, the Bank issued him with a notice of default under section 80 of the Consumer Credit Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15021100\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1999}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13255842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  dated 4 December 2000.  Those arrears were waived in}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13255842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 January 2001 when the Bank agreed t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
o restructure }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13255842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s account.  In addition to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3894657\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 loan relating to the property, the Bank had financed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3894657\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s purchase of a motor vehicle, and the terms of the mortgage were varied in three respects}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid857836\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in the restructuring of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid857836\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s account}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3894657\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 : the a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rrears which had accumulated were waived; the repayments on the mortgage would continue to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5907026\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3894657\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
$1,250.00 a month, but would be payable for the next 19 years; and the repayments on the loan for the purchase of the motor vehicle would increase to $400.00 a mo\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nth, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5907026\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 would be payable for the next 27 months.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5853815\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14515952 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  See pp 724-726 of the Record of the \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 High Court.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid986869 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5907026\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5.     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5907026\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The property had previously been insured by Tower Insurance.  Towards the end of 2001, the Bank suggested to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5907026\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam that the property should be insured with insurers nominated by the Bank.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5907026\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Alam was content with that,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4542285\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  and accordingly with effect from 1 January 2002 the property was insured with the Second Defendant, Queensland Insurance (Fiji) Ltd (\'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 the insurers\'94
\loch\f0 ), for $240,000.00, which was what the property had been valued at in August 1999.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4542285 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4542285\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6.     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15668616\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam fell into arrears }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4542285\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 with the mortgage repayments immediately after his account with the Bank had been restructured.  He did not pay the first two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 instalment}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4542285\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 due.  Accordingly, the Bank issued him with another notice of default under sect\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ion 80 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15021100\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Consumer Credit}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4542285\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Act dated 5 February 2002.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15668616\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   Thereafter }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15668616\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam paid the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 instalment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15668616\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  due under the mortgage sporadically}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid14515952\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14515952 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  A complete record of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9394823 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  Alam\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 \hich\f37 s payments to the Bank appears in the statement of his account entitled \'93\loch\f37 \hich\f37 Transaction History Listing\'94\loch\f37 
 at pp 646-651 of the Record of the High Court.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15668616\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, but despite that, and despite the fact that he had not remedied the default in the notice of default, the Bank }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11143979\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 took no 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 further action}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9575080\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in respect of the arrears}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2241748\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  Indeed, the only step which the Bank took was to adjust }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2241748\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s repayment schedule to reflect the premiums payable under the policy of insurance: with effect from 30 April 2002, he was required to pay $1,394.00
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  a month.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2241748 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5853815\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 7.     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9575080\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s inaction at the time may well have been due to the fact that at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5853815\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  about this time }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5853815\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Alam was thinking about disposing of the prop}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11868347\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 erty.  There are in the Record of the High Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5853815\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  documents}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14515952\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  showing t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13776784\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hat various pe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14515952\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ople were looki\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ng at the possibility o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13776784\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14515952\charrsid15290813 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 purchasing\'94\loch\f0  the property, more accurately described as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13776784\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  taking an assignment of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13776784\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Ala}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14515952\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 m\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s lease.  The Bank was aware of the interest of at least one of the potential buyers because there is an internal document dated 18 September \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2002 in which }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13776784\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the Bank discussed whether it should agree to the disposal of the property.  The document}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10700402\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13776784\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  recorded that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13776784\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Alam had left the property, as business was very slow due to the drop in the local population caused by the expiry of sugar cane leas\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 es in Seaqaqa.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid13776784\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 
 See pp 671, 736-737, 739, 741-742 and 790 of the Record of th\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 e High Court.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5853815 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13776784\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2241748\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2241748\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The next event in the narrative}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11143979\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was the catalyst for this litigation.  On 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11143979\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  October 2003, a fire }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14686957\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 seriously damaged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11143979\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the pro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14686957\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 perty.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11868347\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It had started in a supermarket next door}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9317815\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and had quickly spread to }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9317815\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s property.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13776784\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   Fortunatel\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 y, n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14686957\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
o lives were lost, and the property was not totally destroyed.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10700402\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The Bank was notified of the fire, and it promptly submitted a claim under the policy to the insurers.  Its loss adjusters asked }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10700402\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam to obtain two quotations from local builders for t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he cost of reinstating the property.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10700402\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam did so, and their estimates came to $149,000.00 and $153,000.00 respectively.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10700402 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6648199\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 9.     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6648199\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The insurers initially declined the claim.  They did so on the basis that there had been a material non-disclosure.  The p\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
roperty had been insured as a residential dwelling, and the fact that part of the building was for commercial use had not been disclosed to the insurers.  However, without prejudice to the insurers\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
 contention that they were not liable unde}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14966522\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 r the policy, th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Bank}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid222881 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14966522\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  brokers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6648199\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 informed the Bank on 2 April 2004 that the insurers were prepared to settle the claim on the basis of a payment of $79,000.00.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1530330\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   One of the exhibits 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435435\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 shows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12062920\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 that there were two other reasons why the insurers were not prepared to settle the cl\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 aim at the full cost of reinstating the property.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid12062920\charrsid15290813 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15358595 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid477003 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  See the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid222881 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 Bank\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid477003 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  brokers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \loch\af37\dbch\af37\hich\f37 
\rquote \loch\f37  letter to the Bank of 16 July 2004 at pp 776-777 of the Record of the High Court.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14966522\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   First, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 insurers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14966522\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12062920\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 considered that the building h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920317\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ad been under-insured, and any }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12062920\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 claim under the policy would therefore be subject to the average clause.  Secondly, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12920317\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the reinstatement/replacement clause in\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the policy required that the building be reinstated following a loss.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14966522\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14966522\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  brokers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9207157\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  thought that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12920317\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Alam had notified the insurers that he did not intend to reinstate the building, and accordingly any settlement of the claim would be based on the i\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ndemnity conditions stipulated in the policy.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid15352943\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15358595 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 
 The policy of insurance was not produced at the trial.  Wati J was understandably surprised at that.  I have therefore taken the ter\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 ms of the policy from what was said in such correspondence as was produced at the trial.}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2241748 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6650868\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15352943\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 10.     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15352943\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Bank initially decided not to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid857836\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  accept the sum of $79,000.00 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15352943\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  settlement of the claim.  It thought that the claim should be settled at the cost of reinstating the property, ie in the region of $1\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
49,000.00.  It changed its mind when it became aware of the insurers\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  reasons for saying that they were not liable under the policy.  Those reasons were one of the things which persuaded the Bank to accept the off}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9644824\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 er of $79,000.00.  The others were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15352943\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15352943\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam had been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9644824\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15352943\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 default under the terms of the loan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9644824\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , the cost of reinstating the property was considerable, supervising the works of reinstatement would be difficult because of the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s lack of experience in the field, and the resale value of the prope\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 rty once it had been reinstated would be \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 very minimal\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9644824\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15358595 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  See the Bank\hich\f37 
\rquote \loch\f37 s internal memo of 16 July 2004 at pp 773-775 of the Record of the High Court.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12324293\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9644824\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he Bank notified }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9644824\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12324293\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
on 16 November 2004 that it had agreed to settle the claim for $79,000.00.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12324293 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15358595\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 11.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15358595\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam informed the Bank that he was no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2898551\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t prepared to accept that offer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid15358595\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15358595 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  There was no finding by Wati J about how }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9394823 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 Mr.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  Alam had informed the Bank\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  of that, but the fact that he did so was confirmed by Kevin Yuen, the manager of the Bank\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 
s Recovery Section: see para 123 of Wati J\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s judgment.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2364406\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , and the Ban}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2898551\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 k\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  further efforts to persuade him to do so were unsuccessful.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1201411\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 The Bank treated this as \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 non-co-operation\'94\loch\f0  on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1201411\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 \hich\f0 s part, saying in an internal note that it \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
cannot allow the debtor to continue to dictate terms\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid1201411\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  See the Bank\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s diary note of 10 January 2005 at p 786 of the Record of the High Court. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1201411\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , and it decided to accept the offer wit\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hout further reference to him.  Accordingly,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2898551\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 by an agreement dated 2 February 2005, the Bank accepted the sum of $79,000.00 from the insurers in full and final settlement of all claims under the policy, and that sum was credited to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2898551\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s loan account \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 with the Bank.  The Bank did }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2364406\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 not dispute that it had done}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1201411\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that without }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2898551\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1201411\charrsid15290813 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2364406\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
consent, its case at the trial being that it had been entitled to do that as only the Bank had been a party to the policy of insurance, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2364406\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam had not been.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15352943 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2700310\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 12.     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2700310\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 mmediately}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14357074\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  before the Bank accepted the insurers
\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  offer o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16342946\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14357074\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 $79,000.00, the balance on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14357074\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote 
\loch\f0 s loan account came to $205,192.52.  The payment of $79,000.00 reduced that to $126,192.52.  There was no evidence about what the arrears then were, but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2700310\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 with the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  reduced value of the property and the recovery of only $79,000.00 from the insurers, the difference between the reduced value of the property and the sum outstanding on }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2700310\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s loan account was substantial.  Accordingly, the Bank decided to sell the pr\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 operty}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2700310\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to recoup at least some of that shortfall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5834286\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, and an offer was received for $51,500.00.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16342946 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16342946\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 13.    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16342946\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ne of the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s internal documents recorded that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16342946\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  Alam wanted to \'93\loch\f0 enter into negotiations with the Bank to purchase the property on an ex gratia basis \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
for around $20,000.00\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid16342946\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 
\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  See the Bank\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s dia\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 
ry note at pp 787-789 of the Record of the High Court.  The note is dated 10 January 2005, but that cannot be correct since it refers to events which occurred after that date.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16342946\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   Of course, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16342946\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  Alam was already the \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 owner\'94\loch\f0  of the property, in that he was the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5834286\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
lessee under the lease, and I assume that what was meant was that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5834286\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam was prepared to pay $20,000.00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547416\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  towards the debt provided that the Bank woul\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
d then be prepared to permit him to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15431027\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  redeem the mortgage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5834286\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  That is what Wati J understood the position to be.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5834286\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  See para 218 of Wati J\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s judgment.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547416\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   In the event}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5834286\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , the Bank decided to advertis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9714803\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e the property for sale.  The prospective}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5834286\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  purchaser who had }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9714803\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 offer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5834286\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed $51,500.00 did not renew his offer,
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9714803\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
and the only offer which was received was an offer from the Fourth Defendant, Mohammed Shaheem Airud Khan, for $33,333.00.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3633753\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
  The Bank made numerous attempts to see whether the prospective purchaser who had offered $51,500.00 for the property was still inte\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rested in buying it, but he did not respond to the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s inquiries.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3633753 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3633753\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 14.    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3633753\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he Bank decided to accept }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3633753\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Khan\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s offer and reject that of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3633753\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam.  That is not surprising.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3633753\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Khan\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s was the greater offer, and although the price paid by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3633753\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Khan would\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  reduce }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3633753\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s indebtedness to the Bank, the indebtedness would still be there.  It would then be for the Bank to decide whether to pursue }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3633753\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam for the debt or to write it off.  Accordingly, the Bank purported to exercise its power of resale as the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  mortgagee under the mortgage,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7893502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and by a deed signed on behalf of the Bank on 20 May 2005, the lease was assigned to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7893502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Khan for $33,333.00.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8719288\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   The assignment purported }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7684896\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to record that the tran}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8719288\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sfer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7893502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid547416\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  registered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7893502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  by the Third Defendant, the Registrar of Title
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s, on 7 October 2005.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid7893502\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12279129 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  See p 796 of the Record of the High Court.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14763136\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  In the event, the Bank decided on 28 October 2005 to wri}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4741627\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 te off }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4741627\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14763136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s debt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid4741627\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12279129 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  See para 220 of Wati J\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s judgment.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7893502 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7893502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 15.     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7893502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s counsel told us that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7893502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s offer of $20,000.00 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4130310\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 had been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7893502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 jus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4130310\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t a negotiating stance.  He had been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7893502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 prepared to increase}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4130310\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the offer\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  Indeed, we were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6620007\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 told that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4130310\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 after Wati J\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6620007\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Ala}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4130310\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
m had increased his offer by the $33,333.00 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4130310\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Khan had agreed to pay for the property.  But the fact that his offer of $20,000.00 had only been a negotiating stance and that he had been pr\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 epared to offer more }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6620007\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was not pleaded, nor was it part of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6620007\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s evidence at trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid6620007\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12279129 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  We can see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9394823 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  Alam\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s evidence from two sources: Wati J\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s note of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9394823 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  Alam\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s evidence (pp 900-916 of the Record of the High Court) and her summary of his evidence in her judgment (paras 43-87 of her judgment). }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6620007\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   Indeed, Wati J found that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6620007\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  Alam had \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 only\'94\loch\f0  been prepared to pay $20,000.00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid6620007\charrsid15290813 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12279129 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  Se
\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 e para 218 of Wati J\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s judgment.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6620007\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , and that is a fi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8719288\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nding which we cannot go behind.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8719288 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14168931\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 16.    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14168931\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10236036\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s case has always be\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 en}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14168931\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that the Bank should not have agreed to settle his }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366202\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 insurance claim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14168931\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 without reference to him, let alone at so low a sum as $79,000.00.  Had his claim been settled for a sum equivalent to the cost of reinstating the property, he would have been able to pa\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
y all the arrears, as well as a substantial sum towards the outstanding amount due on his loan account.  In those circumstances, the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s power of resale as a mortgagee would not have been triggered.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid547416\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10236036\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n order to ensure that the assignment of the lease d
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 id not go ahead in the meantime (thereby rendering nugatory his claim that the Bank had not been entitled to exercise its power of resale), he sought and obtained an inter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 im}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10236036\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  injunction restraining the Registrar of Titles from registering the transfer of th
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e property to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10236036\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Khan}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8719288\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (notwithstanding that the assignment had purported to record that the transfer had already been registered).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8719288 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8719288\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Wati J\hich\f0 \rquote 
\loch\f0 s judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8719288 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8719288\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 17.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366202\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366202\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The principal focus of Wati J\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s judgment was on whether the Bank had been entitled to settle the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  insurance claim without reference to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366202\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Alam, and whether the claim had been settled at an undervalue.  Contrary to the case advanced both by the Bank and the insurers, she found that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366202\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam had been a party to the policy, and his consent to the settle\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ment of the claim should have been sought.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4131891\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Since he had not been prepared to consent to the settlement of the claim at $79,000.00, he should have been given the opportunity of making his own claim against the insurers under the policy.  Indeed, Wati J fou\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
nd that by settling the insurance claim without reference to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4131891\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam, the Bank and the insurers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8609752\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 had engaged in misleading, deceptive and unconscionable conduct contrary to sections 54 and 55 of the Fair Trad}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8609752\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Decree 1992.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4131891\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Moreover, Wati J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366202\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  rejected the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  insurers\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
 allegation that there had been material non-disclosure on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366202\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4131891\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  part}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366202\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , and she found that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid550502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 claim had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4131891\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 been settled at an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid550502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 undervalue.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2108408\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 She held that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6366202\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
insurers had been obliged to settle the claim at $149,000.00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid550502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (though not at $240,000.00\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  which was what }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid550502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam had argued for)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6366202\charrsid15290813 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2108408 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid550502\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 18.   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid550502\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 When it came to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4591956\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s power of resale, Wati J found that its power of resale h}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4741627\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ad been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4741627\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 triggered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4741627\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  She had in mind}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4591956\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 the second notice of default under section 80 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5131485\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Consumer Credit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4591956\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Act, and said that\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the default had not been remedied.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4741627\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 But Wati J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4591956\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  went on to find that the Bank had not been entitled to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4591956\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 exercise}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4591956\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  its power of resale.  She expressed that finding as follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4131891\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , though I have added a few words of my own in square brackets to make her words even\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  clearer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4591956\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4591956 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid415199 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4591956\charrsid15290813 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 
I however do }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1267779\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 find that if the Bank opted to settle [the insurance claim]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1267779\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 without reference to [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1267779\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam], it should have waited for [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1267779\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam] to make a separate [insurance] claim and suspended it[s] rights of mortgagee sale until finalization o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
f the [insurance] claim or accepted a proper value of the loss.  After having accepted a proper value of the loss, if the monies were outstanding and [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1267779\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam] was not able to pay the entire monies outstanding then [the Bank] could have proceeded to condu\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ct mortgagee sale and apply the proceeds to reduce the debt.  The shortfall could have been subject to a claim [aga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4131891\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 inst }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4131891\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  Alam] personally.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid4131891\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  Para 210 of Wati J
\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s judgment.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4741627 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7234596 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4741627\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 19.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14763136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14763136\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 An important }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15868775\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 feat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14763136\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ure of Wati J\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15868775\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14763136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is that she did not give }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14763136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15431027\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  a remedy for what she found\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to have been}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15868775\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s premature sale of the property to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15868775\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Khan when it should have waited either for the insurers to increase its offer to $149,000.00 or for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15868775\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam to make his own insurance claim.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15431027\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   Crucially, she found}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15868775\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15431027\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 even if the insurers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15868775\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  had\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  been prepared to settle the claim at $149,000.00, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15868775\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam would still not have been in a position to redeem the mortgage.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Her reasoning went l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15431027\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ike this.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The balance on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15868775\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 loan account on the day when the $79,000.00 was paid to the Bank was $205,\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
192.52.  Wati J thought that that sum should be reduced to $194,042.50 to reflect the fact that the loan account included the loan for the car.  If the insurers had paid the Bank $149,000.00, the mo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15431027\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15868775\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 tgage loan account}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid934049\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  would have been reduced to $45,04}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2.52.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid934049\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Wati J found }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15431027\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15431027\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid934049\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Alam had only been prepared to pay $20,000.00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15431027\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 to redeem the mortgage, and there would still have been a not insignificant sho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rtfall.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7820403\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   Consistently with that view, she discharged the inter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 im}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7820403\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  injunction, thereby freeing the way for th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e transfer of the property to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7820403\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Khan to proceed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 20.    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 For its part, the Bank had counterclaimed for the sum due to it under the loan account.  Wati J recognised, of course, that it would have to give credit for the $33,333.00 payable by }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Khan for \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
the assignment of the lease, but with interest the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15271466 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  resulting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  sum }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15271466 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 had to be increased to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 $20,681.15.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13247791 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
She entered judgment in favour of the Bank against }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Alam for that sum.  As for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote 
\loch\f0 s claim against the insurers for settling the case at an underv\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 alue without reference to him, she entered judgment in favour of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam against the insurers for the sum of $105,987.75, being the difference between the sum of $79,000.00 which the claim }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7820403\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was settled for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and the sum of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7820403\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 $1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 49,000.0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7820403\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 0 which it should have be\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 en sett}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16520766\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
led for, ie $70,000.00, plus interest of $35,987.75.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7820403 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7820403\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The judgment of the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7820403 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7820403\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 21.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2108408\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2108408\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Appeals against Wati J\hich\f0 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6893348\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s judgment were pursued by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6893348\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Alam and the insurers.  The Court of Appeal (Basnayake JA, Lecamwasam JA and Hamza JA) dismissed\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the appeals.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10682440\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The principal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6893348\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  judgment was given by Basnayake JA.  There }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12652662\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 were many grounds of appeal, and although the Court of Appeal must be taken to have considered them all, of course, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6893348\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
only a few of them}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12652662\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  were specifically addressed by Basnayake JA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6893348\charrsid15290813 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10682440\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   Whe\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n he came to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10682440\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s appeal, Basnayake JA noted what Wati J had said about the notices (which I take to mean the notices of default) and that even if the insurers had settled the claim at $149,000.00, there would still have been an outstanding amount on
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the loan account.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13247791 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11819259\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Basnayake JA noted that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11819259\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam had all}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14056273\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 owed his indebtedness to the Ba}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11819259\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
nk to mount without taking any steps to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14056273\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 repay the loan, and the Bank would have been entitled to fear that its chances of recovering the debt we}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14884721\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 re diminishing.  He a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 dded that in addition }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14056273\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14884721\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Amended }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14056273\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Statement of Claim had mis-stated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14056273\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote 
\loch\f0 s indebtedn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14884721\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ess at the time of the fire, saying that it was $100,000.00 when it had in truth been $180,580.09.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14056273\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   In these circumstances, Basnayake JA thought that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14056273\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam had not c\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ome to equity with clean hands.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474045 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474045\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 22.     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10682440\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As for the insurers\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  appeal, Basnayake }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474045\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 JA }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10682440\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 addressed three points: the fact that the policy of insurance was not produced in evidence,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10682440\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Wati J\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s finding on the allegat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1474045\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ion that there had been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10682440\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 material non-disclosure o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10682440\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s part, and the reliance which Wati J placed on a report}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474045\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 from loss adjusters recommending settlement of the claim at $145,000.00.  Again, no other topic relevant to the current appeal was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12652662\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 explicitly }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474045\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 addressed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13968345\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, though since one of the grounds of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 appeal had attacked Wati J\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s finding that the insurance claim had been settled at an undervalue, the Court of Appeal must be taken to have rejected that argument, since the appeal would otherwise have had to be allowed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1474045\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   In any event, the insurers are not \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 appealing further.  We were told that they had paid }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474045\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam the sum for which Wati J had given judgment against them for.  They are not a party to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13247791 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 current }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3233277\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 application for special leave to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474045\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 appeal to the Supreme Court,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3233277\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and the only application for speci
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 al leave to appeal to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474045\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the Supreme Court is that of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1474045\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3233277 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3233277\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 23.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3233277\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is necessary to add one thing.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3233277\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam was anxious to preserve the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3233277\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 status quo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3233277\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  pending the hearing of his application to the Supreme Court for special leave to appeal.  He }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16464904\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 did not want\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the property to be transferred to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16464904\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Khan before his application for special leave could be determined.  That again would have rendered nugatory his claim that the Bank had not been able to exercise its power of resale.  He }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3233277\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 therefore applied to the Supre\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 me Court for a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16464904\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 stay of the judgment of the Court of Appeal.  That would not have been enough, of course.  It was Wati J who had disch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid209376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 arged the original interim}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16464904\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  injunction, and the Court of Appeal\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s judgment had not affected that.  What }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16464904\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s legal tea\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 m should have appli}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid209376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed for was a fresh interim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16464904\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 injunction.  That was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid209376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 recognis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16464904\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ed by Calanchini J who h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid209376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 eard the application.  He doubted whether the Court had the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16464904\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  powe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid209376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
r to resurrect an interim injunction once it had been discharged by the High Court and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16464904\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  which\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 had not been the subject of any comment by the Court of Appeal.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid209376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
However, he added that if such a power existed, he would have dismissed the application on its merits.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14509809 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid209376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 24.     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid209376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Although the way has therefore been clear at all times }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13247791 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 since Wati J\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s judgmen\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid209376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for the transfer of the property}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1079374\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1079374\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Khan}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid209376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to proceed, it has not done so.  The Registrar of Titles is waiting for the outcome of this litigation before deciding what to do.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12480842 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12480842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Clean hands}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12480842 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12480842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 25.    }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12480842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 One of the maxims of equity is that \'93\loch\f0 he who comes into e
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 quity must come with clean hands\'94\loch\f0 .  As far as I can tell, no-one argued \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  whether before Wati J or in the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16405710 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12480842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12480842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam should be denied equitable relief because he did not come to court with clean hands.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid12480842\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 
 There was nothing in the pleadings about clean hands, nor in Wati}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12583524 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \loch\af37\dbch\af37\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 
s judgment, nor in any of the parties\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37  written submissions, whether in the High Court or the Court of Appeal. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12480842\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
  The Court of App}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14884721\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 eal appears to \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 have seized upon that idea }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2954935\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on its own, and apparently }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14884721\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 without }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2954935\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14884721\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 warning }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2954935\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14884721\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam or his legal team that it might deny him equitable relief on that ground.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10839106 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 26.    \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14884721\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 But apart from that, it is difficult to see}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10839106\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  how the matters relied upon by Basnayake \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 JA could possibly amount to a lack of clean hands on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10839106\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s part.  It was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10839106\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10839106\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  said in the Amended Statement of Claim}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10839106\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10839106\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 \hich\f0 
s indebtedness at the time of the fire had been $100,000.00.  It said that his indebtedness had been \'93\loch\f0 in the vicinity of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 $100,000.00 (though the actual amount owed is not known to the plaintiff)\'94.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid10839106\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 
\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  Para 26\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  of the Amended Statement of Claim at p 159 of the Record of the High Court.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10839106\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
  It is true that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10839106\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Alam had allowed the indebtedness under the mortgage to accumulate, but that could not justify the invocation of this maxim.  Otherwise any mortgagor who fall\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s behind with his mortgage repayments will automatically be denie}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2954935\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d equitable relief.  In my opinion, this part of Basnayake JA\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s judgment should respectfully be put to one side.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2954935 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1013892 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2954935\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15156092\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 triggering of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2954935\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s power of resale}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2954935 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 27.    \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2954935\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Before considering\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  whether the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s power of resale had been triggered, it is necessary to identify the relevant terms of the mortgage and whether its power of resale }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6965856\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2954935\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  qualified by statute.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6965856\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
  The relevant terms of the mortgage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid10256281\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 
 The mortgage is at pp 629-642 of the Record of the High Court.  Page 2 of the General Conditions is missing, but I have assumed that there are no conditions on that page which a\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 re relevant to this case.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6965856\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  were as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6650376 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s30 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid6965856\charrsid15290813 \loch\af3\dbch\af37\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s30\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid415199\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6965856\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Clause 5.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13048275\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6965856\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 : \'93\loch\f0 An event of\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
 default occurs if \'85\loch\f0 \hich\f0  you \'85\loch\f0 \hich\f0  do not pay the whole or any part of the secured money when it is due \'85\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6965856 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s30\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid415199\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15402988\charrsid15290813 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s30 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid6965856\charrsid15290813 \loch\af3\dbch\af37\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s30\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid415199\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6965856\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 Clause 5.2: \'93\loch\f0 If an event of default occurs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13048275\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 , you are in default under [the] agreement between you and us, and we may 
\'85\loch\f0  require that you immediately pay us th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 e secured money; and \'85\loch\f0 \hich\f0  deal with the property as if we own it to the extent permitted by law (such as \'85\loch\f0  leasing or selling it}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  in any way and to any person \'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13048275\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11297665 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6965856 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s30\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15402988 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s30 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid13048275\charrsid15290813 \loch\af3\dbch\af37\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s30\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid415199\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13048275\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 Clause 5.5: \'93\loch\f0 We will not exercise our rights, powers and remedies under this clause 5 unless: (a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ) we have given you all relevant notices required to be given by law;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15402988 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13048275\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
 (b) the relevant notice period and any postponement period have elapsed; and (c) the default specified in the notice has not been remedied.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13048275 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s30\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid415199\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10308968\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is to be noted that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6650376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  clause 5.2 entitl\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed the Bank to require }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6650376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam to pay the whole of the balance of the loan if he defaulted in any payment, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10308968\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6650376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s power of s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10308968\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ale under clause 5.5 arose}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6650376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  if the default specified in the notice }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10308968\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 given by the Bank to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10308968\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6650376\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  not been remedied}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10308968\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13048275\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
re is a term about insurance which is also relevant, but I shall return to that later.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13048275 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13048275\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 28.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10256281\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0      }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10256281\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mortgages are governed by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2038935\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Part 8 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10256281\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2038935\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Property Law Act (Cap 130).  Two provisions are relevant for present purposes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5131485\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  They provide, so far as is material:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13048275 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s30 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid2038935\charrsid15290813 \loch\af3\dbch\af37\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s30\qj \fi-360\li1800\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin720\lin1800\itap0\pararsid415199\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2038935\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 S\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ection 77: \'93\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 If default is made in payment of the mortgage money or any part thereof, \'85\loch\f0 
 and such default is continued for one month or for such other period of time as in such mortgage for that purpose expressly fixed, the mortgagee may serve on the mortga\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 g\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 or notice in writing to pay}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15402988 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  the mortgage money \'85\loch\f0 \hich\f0  \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14358302\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s30\qj \li870\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin870\itap0\pararsid415199\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2038935\charrsid15290813 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s30 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid2038935\charrsid15290813 \loch\af3\dbch\af37\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s30\qj \fi-360\li1800\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin720\lin1800\itap0\pararsid415199\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2038935\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
\hich\f0 Section 79(1): \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 If default in payment of the mortgage money \'85\loch\f0 \hich\f0  continues for one month after the service of the notice referred to in section 77, the mortgagee may sell \'85\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
 the mortgaged property \'85\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15402988 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14358302 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s30\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14358302\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The mo\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
rtgage in the present case fixed a different period of time for the purposes of section 77.  It provided for 7 days.  So the effect of these provisions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15021100\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , subject to the provisions of the Consumer Credit Act, was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14358302\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that, if }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14358302\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam was more than 7 days in arr\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ears with any of the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 instalment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14358302\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  due under the mortgage, the Bank was entitled to sell the property, provided that (a) it had served on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14358302\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Ala}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10308968\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
m a notice requiring him to pay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14024859\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the arrears}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14358302\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , (b) a month had elapsed since the service of that notice, and (c)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14024859\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  he\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 had not paid off the arrears during that time.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14358302 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5131485\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 29.     }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2630562\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 On the face of it, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5131485\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he mortg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2630562\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 age was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5131485\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  governed by the Consumer Credit Act as well as the Property Law Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2630562\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
  That was the assumption on which the Bank proceeded.  The first page of the conditions of th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e mortgage refe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2717390\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
rred to the Consumer Credit Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2630562\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , and the two notices of default were described as notices under section 80 of the Consumer Credit Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2717390\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   However, Calanchini J questioned that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2630562\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in his judgmen}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2717390\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t on the application for a stay.  At [26] and [27] he\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  said:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2717390 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2717390\charrsid15290813 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 
Under section 11 the Consumer Credit Act is presumed to apply to all credit contracts unless the creditor can show that it falls into one of the exempt categories.  Section 6(1) of the Act specifies four requirements all of which must be satisfied
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  before the Act will apply to a credit contract.  One of those requirements is set out in Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15402988 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2717390\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6(1)(b) and Section (5) which when read together provide that more than half the credit must be provided or must be intended to be provided for the purpose of\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 personal, domestic and household purposes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2717390 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15402988\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2717390\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In the present case, putting aside any issue relating to non-disclosure of the real purpose for which the credit was required, it appears not to have been disputed that the credit was provided for the purpose of\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 constructing a building of three levels.  The first level was a store, the second level a commercial pool room and the third level a residence.  It would appear that the Act does not apply if more than half of the borrower\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s purpose is for business or in\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 v\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 estment.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4260174 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid4260174 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4260174 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 \hich\f37  In fact, the credit had not been provided \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15402988 
\hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4260174 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 \hich\f37 the purpose of constructing the building\'94\loch\f37 .  It had been provided to enable }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9394823 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4260174 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  Alam to repay his loan from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15402988 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4260174 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 ANZ Bank because he had been persuaded to change lenders, though that \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 does not affect any of the issues which the case raises.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5047895 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs26\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f36\fs26\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5047895\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 30.     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5047895\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Although the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s case was that the property was used for commercial purposes, it has never sought to prove that the mortgage was not a credit contract to which the Consu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5071666\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 mer Credit Act applies.  It was the insure}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1525580\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rs who raised that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5071666\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ar\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 gument in its grounds of appeal to the Court of Appeal.  The contention before Wati J was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8803924\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5071666\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  fact that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8803924\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 property was used f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5071666\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
or commercial purposes meant that the insurers had been entitled to avoid }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8803924\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the policy on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5071666\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8803924\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ground of non-disclosure of a ma\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
terial fact.  But leaving that aside, what the Bank would have had to establish was that more than half of the mortgage loan was intended to be used by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8803924\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam for purposes other than personal, domestic or household purposes.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 31.    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8803924\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is difficult to\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  identify what more than half of a loan i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1728148\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s for if it is obtained}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1525580\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
to replace a loan }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8803924\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for the acquisition of a building with mixed use}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1728148\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8803924\charrsid15290813 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1728148\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 and it may be that the appropriate way of determining that question is to ask what the predominant use of the building was\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
.  Was it a commercial building with ancillary residential accommodation, or was it a residential building with an ancillary commercial use?  Alternatively, is it just a matter of looking at whether the square footage attributable to the living quarters i
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  less than the square footage attributable to the commercial space?  Either way}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8084708\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, it is a matter of evidence.  Having said that, the evidence before Wati J included}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1728148\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the valuation report on the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12541785\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  property.  T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1728148\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hat }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8084708\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 shows that this was a commercial building with a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ncillary residential accommodation, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12541785\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8084708\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the square footage attributable to the commercial space was much greater }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12541785\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 than the square}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8084708\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  footage}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12541785\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  attributable to the living qua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8084708\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rt}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12541785\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ers.  In the circumstances, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8084708\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 we }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12541785\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8084708\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 proceed on the assumption that the Consumer 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Credit Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12541785\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 did not apply }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8084708\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8084708\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12541785\charrsid15290813 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s mortgage, and that any notices of default purportedly served under section }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5071666\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 80 of the Consumer Credit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12541785\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 should be treated as having been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12541785\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 served under the terms of the mortgage.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16582250 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Having said that, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he fact that they s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
hould be treated as having been served under the terms of the mortgage rather than under section 80 of the Consumer Credit Act does not affect the outcome of the case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5131485 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14766005\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14766005\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9261884\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The onl}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12541785\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 y two notices of default served on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12541785\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9261884\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  were the ones dated 4 Decemb
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 er 2000 and 5 February 2002.  The first of those can be put to one s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13044909 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9261884\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9261884\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s liability to pay the arrears to which that notice related was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13201428\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 expressly }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9261884\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 waived by the restructuring of his loan account in January 2001.  The relevant notice for present p\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 urposes is the later one.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13044909 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7883369\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The contention advanced on behalf of }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7883369\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam is that it would be surprising }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7684896\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 if a notice given in Februa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7883369\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ry 2002 to a mortgagor to pay}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7684896\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  arrears which had accumulated over only two m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7883369\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 onths could have triggered the mortgagee\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s right to\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  sell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7684896\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
his property }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16582250 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 over three }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7684896\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
years later in October 2005 when no steps had been taken by the mortgagee in the intervening period to require the mortgagor to address the question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13201428\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of those or subsequent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7684896\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  ar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13201428\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rears }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7883369\charrsid15290813 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  at any rate, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13201428\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 by the service of a further not\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ice of default.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9261884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16582250\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 33}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7684896\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6511615 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3440028\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is unquestionably the case that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13177689\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam made a number of payments}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8414999\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to the Bank over the years after the service of the second notice of default on him.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4720316\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
There was no evidence of him having identified what those payments were for\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , ie whether any of them were in respect of the arrears to which the second notice of default related.  In those circumstances, it was open}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12548407\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to the Bank}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4720316\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, under the usual principles rela}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2630562\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4720316\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ing to the apportionment of payments}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12548407\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3440028\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
to apportion those payments to su\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ch of the mortgage }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404210 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 instalment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3440028\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 or arrears as it chose.  Indeed, that is what clause 13.1 of the mortgage terms provided:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7684896 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3440028\charrsid15290813 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 
We will use any amount we receive as payment under the mortgage as required by law, but otherwise we may do so in any way we decide a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ppropriate.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3440028 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6511615\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12548407\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 To the extent that the Bank}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3440028\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  relied on the second notice of default as triggering its power of resale of the property, it has to be treated as apportioning the payments made by }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3440028\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Alam after the service of the second notice of default to mort\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 gage instalments or arrears other than the arrears to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11644\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 w}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3440028\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hich that notice of defaul}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10238282\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t related.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11644\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
  In any event, though, there is authority for the proposition that where a notice of default has been served in respect of arrears which were later paid, but there \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
were subsequent arrears, the original notice of default covered any future arrears and a further notice of default was not required.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11644\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid7608177 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid16582250\charrsid3153462 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\ul\insrsid7608177\charrsid11644 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 
Morton v Suncorp Finance Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7608177 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  (1987) 8 NSWLR 235.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10238282 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 34}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10238282\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10238282\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 But the fact remains that a very long time elapsed before the Bank pu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12548407\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rported to exercise its power of}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10238282\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  resale foll\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
owing the service of the second notice of default.  As far as my researches have revealed, there is no principle that a notice of default}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10368350\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  lapses}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10238282\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  if no action is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11644\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  taken on it}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10368350\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 within a reasonable time despite the mortgagor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10238282\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  having failed to remedy the default.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11644\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
  What is well established is that the mortgagee may be treated as having waived its reliance on a notice of default if its conduct is consistent only with an intention on its part no lo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7883369\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nger to rely on it.  But in acco}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11644\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rdance with general principles about }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7883369\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he doctrine of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11644\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
waiver, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7883369\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that intention has to be both clear and unequivocal, and the mortgagor has to have altered his position in reliance on th}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9575080\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at conduct, or at least acted on it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9575080 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 35}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9575080\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9575080\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In my opinion, this case is some distance from one in which it can \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
properly be said that the mortgagee has waived its reliance on a notice of default.  The Bank knew within a short time of the second notice of default that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9575080\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam was trying to dispose of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15156092\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 property, and there was little point }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9575080\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in issuing another notice\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of default in order to preserve its power of resale if }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9575080\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Alam was going to sell the property himself.  Things changed, of course, after the fire.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15156092\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There would have been little point in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12548407\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the Bank }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15156092\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 pressing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15156092\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam for the arrears }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13044909 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at that time }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12548407\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 simply to pr\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 eserve its power of resale }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15156092\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 when no revenue was coming in \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  whether from the businesses being carried on in the building or by way of rent from any of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15156092\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s tenants in the building}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12548407\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (if he had any)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15156092\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  Far better to wait for the settlement of the insuranc
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e claim and assess things then.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13975634\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In short, the Ban}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid25175\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 k\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 
s decision not to take any steps for some time to enforce the second notice of default could not be read as the Bank no longer intending to rely on that notice if need be. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid25175 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 36}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid25175\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid25175\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Moreover, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid25175\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam woul\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
d have been alive to all that.  In particular, he would have known that if the arrears kept on mounting (as they did), there would come a time when the Bank would want to realize its security in order to recoup what it could from the loan.  In particular,
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 even if he had been alive to the possibility of the Bank losing its power of resale if it took no steps to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13975634\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 enforce }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid25175\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the second notice of default, he would also have realized that th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13975634\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e Bank could preserve its positi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid25175\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on simply by serving a further notice of def
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ault on him.  In short}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13975634\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, he did not do anything as a result of the Bank not relying on his failure to remedy the default set out in the second notice of default, let alone alter his position as a result of that.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13975634 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 37}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13975634\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16582250 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13044909 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 would not want this judgment to be\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  regarded as allowing mortgagors in every case to wait many years before acting on a notice of default which a mortgag}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16582250 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13044909 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 has failed to remedy.  It is just that in the particular circumstances of this case the lapse of time cannot be regarded as amounting t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
o a waiver by the Bank of its reliance on the second notice of default.  But for the reasons I have given,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13975634\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 it was, in my opinion, open to Wati J to conclude that the second notice of default had triggered the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s power of resale.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14447658\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   I therefore reject the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  attack by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14447658\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s legal team on that finding.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14447658 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1013892 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13975634\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The exercise of the Bank
\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s power of resale}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13975634 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2390087\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13975634\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8.    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6312983\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There is, of course, a distinction between the triggering of the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s power of resale and its exercise.  Just}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  becaus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6312983\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e the Bank had the legal right to s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ell the property did not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 mean that it should have exercised that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6312983\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 right.  That }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6312983\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as the distinction which Wati J rightly recognized}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .  The search for principle in this area of the law, though, has proved elusive, and it is not entirely clear what the criteria
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  are for determining whether the exercise by a mortgagee o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10705956\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f its power of resale}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15208914\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in a particular case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10705956\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was permissible}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 39}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Having said that, what is clear is that well before the fire }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam had fallen in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15208914\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  arrears, and the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s power under clause
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  5.2 of the mortgage to require }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam to pay the whole of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14447658\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 his debt to the Bank had arisen, w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5071666\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ith the consequence that the Ban}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14447658\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 k could exercise its power of resale if }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14447658\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam was not able to repay the whole of the debt.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14447658\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 On the other hand, if }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14447658\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Ala}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 m\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14447658\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ability to pay the whole of the debt to the Bank had arisen because of some }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14447658\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 conduct on the par}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t of the Bank for which th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14447658\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e Bank can fa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 irly be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 criticized}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5851136\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14447658\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
may well be appropriate to treat the Bank as not having been entitled to exercise its power of resal\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e.  That was the approach taken by Wati J, and I agree with it.  Accordingly, the attack on that approach by the Bank\hich\f0 
\rquote \loch\f0 s legal team has to fail.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9714945 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 40}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9714945\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9714945\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 So was there conduct on the part of the Bank }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12652662\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for which the Bank could be fairly criticised?  Wati J fou\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nd that there was \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12208211\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 two respects.  The B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12652662\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ank settled the insurance claim for a sum less than the value of the claim, and did so without }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12652662\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12208211\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
sent.  I can dispose of the first criticism of the Bank relatively briefly.  Wati J\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s finding that the i\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nsurance claim should have been settled for $149,000.00 was the subject of one of the insurers
\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  grounds of appeal to the Court of Appeal.  Although t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15208914\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he Bank was pursuing its own }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12208211\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 appeal, it supported the insurers\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  grounds of appeal.  The insurers\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0  appeal ha\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ving been dismissed by the Court of Appeal, their challenge to Wati J\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s finding about the insurance claim having been settled at an undervalue has to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10161619\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 treated as having failed as well.  There has been no application by the insurers for special leave to a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ppeal, nor any cross-appeal or respondent\hich\f0 
\rquote \loch\f0 s notice in respect of this finding by the Bank.  That is the end of the matter.  Wati J\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s finding has to stand.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10161619 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4332380 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 41}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10161619\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10161619\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Different considerations apply to the settlement of the claim without }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10161619\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s consent.  I \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
must here go back to the terms of the mortgage and a term about insurance which I said I would have to return to later.  Clause 4 of the mortgage required }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10161619\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam to insure the property.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7608177\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
  Clause 4.3 provided, so far as is material}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10161619\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10161619 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10161619\charrsid15290813 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7608177\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You must immediately \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 notify }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10161619\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
us and the insurer if a claim or anything that could lead to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10161619\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a claim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7608177\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 occurs under an insurance policy relating to the property.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7608177 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16582250\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7608177\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 You must \'85\loch\f0  allow us to control, compromise and settle any claim or possible claim (including to conduct legal proceeding
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 s against the insurer) \'85\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13777038 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16582250\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13777038\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 
Wati J found that the Bank had \'93\loch\f0 started off on the correct track.  It started consulting [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13777038\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam] but when he refused, it stopped the consultation process and settled the claim without informing [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13777038\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  Alam].\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid13777038\charrsid15290813 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid13777038 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13777038 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  Para 184 of Wati J
\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s judgment.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14885271\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13777038\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hough that appe\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ars to be a criticism of the Bank for settling the insurance claim without further reference to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13777038\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam, she had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14885271\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 previously said, after referring}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13777038\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  to clause 4.3 of the mortgage, that \'93\loch\f0 
the Bank is permitted to settle a claim but in good faith without compro\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 mising the rights of \'85\loch\f0 \hich\f0  the owner of the property\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid13777038\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid13777038 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13777038 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  Para 169 of Wati J
\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s judgment.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14885271\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0   However, she did not then go on to say that the Bank }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14885271\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14885271\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 settled the claim in bad faith, and the basis of her finding that the Bank had acted in breach of the Fair Trading Decree related to the Bank\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s fa\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ilure to consult }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16582250 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr Alam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14885271\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  over the settlement figure proposed by the insurers.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f0\fs24\super\insrsid14885271\charrsid15290813 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\super\insrsid14885271 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14885271 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  Para 211 of Wati J
\hich\f37 \rquote \loch\f37 s judgment.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14885271\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
  So looking at her judgment as a whole, it looks as if the actual criticism of the Bank was that it had settled the insurance claim at an undervalue, but that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7692247\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 it had not done so\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in bad faith.  It had only acted unconscionably in failing to consult with him over the settlement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7692247 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 42}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7692247\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7692247\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is unnecessary for me to reach any conclusion on that issue, because the crucial question is whether such conduct for which the Bank can proper\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ly be criticised was the reason why }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7692247\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Alam was unable to pay off his indebtedness.  It is here that the arithmetic becomes so important.  I am prepared to assume in his favour that his indebtedness to the Bank was much greater than it would have been if \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
the insurers had settled his claim for $149,000.00 rather }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15208914\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 than $79,000.00.  T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7692247\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he issue was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15208914\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7692247\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 whether he would have been able to pay off his indebtedness.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
After going through the figures, Wati J concluded that he would not have been able to.  There was n\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
o challenge to her calculations.  Indeed, the Court of Appeal thought they were correct, as do I.  The area of controversy relates to whether the amount which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam was prepared to pay to satisfy the debt should have been increased by the additional $33\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
,333.00 which his legal team say he would have been prepared to pay.  For the reasons I have already given, I do not think that this can be brought into the calculations.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3440028 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6650868\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 43}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 For these reasons, it was, in my opinion, open to Wati J to conclude that th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
e Bank had been entitled to exercise its power of resale.  I therefore reject the attack by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s legal team on that finding.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087\charrsid15290813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 44}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I should add that I have not been left with the sense that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam has be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15208914\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 en unfairly treated.  He had allowed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rrears to accumulate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3688754 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3688754 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as a result}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the Bank }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3688754 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 had become}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 entitled under the terms of the mortgage to call in the loan and to exercise its powers of resale in the event of the indebtedness remaining outstanding.  The $79,000.00 which his insurance claim wa\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s settled for was paid to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3688754 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ank, and that reduced his indebtedness to the Bank by tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10368350\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t amount.  The additional sum needed to settle his insurance claim at the level }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15208914\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10368350\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Wati J thought was appropriate was $70,000.00, and that was paid to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10368350\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam pursu\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ant to the judgment he obtained against the insurers.  But had that sum been paid to him when it should have been, he would still not have been able to pay off his indebtedness.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10368350 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3688754 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1719559 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1719559\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10368350\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Conclusion}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10368350 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14028213 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 45}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10368350\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10368350\charrsid15290813 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In my opinion, questions of general legal importance have\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 been involved in this appeal, namely whether a notice of default lapses if no action is taken on it within a reasonable time despite the mortgagor having failed to remedy the default, and what }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4807797\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10368350\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the criteria for determining}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10705956\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  whether the exercise by a mor\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
tgagee of its power of resale is permissible.  Although it has in the event not been necessary for me to determine either of those issues, I think that special leave to appeal should be granted to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10705956\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Alam.  In accordance with the Supreme Court\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s usual pra
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ctice, I would treat the hearing of the application for special leave to appeal as the hearing of the appeal, but for the reasons I have endeavored to give, I would dismiss the appeal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13044909 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  In the circumstances of the case, I would make no order for costs, lea\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ving it to the parties to bear their own costs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9981683 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087\charrsid15290813 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9981683\charrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Chitrasiri J}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9981683\charrsid9394823 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9981683 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14028213\charrsid9394823 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4260174\charrsid15290813 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 46}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9981683\charrsid15290813 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13044909 \tab \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3688754 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ving read the judgment of Keith}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13044909 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  J in its draft form, I am inclined to agree with the findings and the reasons given therein.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9981683 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2390087\charrsid2390087 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Orders of the Court:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2390087 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14028213\charrsid2390087 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid13044909 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid415199 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13044909 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Special leave to appeal granted.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2390087 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid13044909 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13044909 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Appea\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 l dismissed.

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid13044909\charrsid3688754 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-4680\li5040\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13044909\charrsid3688754 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 No order for costs.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6650868\charrsid14028213 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li5040\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid415199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14028213 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1719559 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14028213\charrsid3688754 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1719559 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9587729\charrsid1719559 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Justice\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suresh Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1719559 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9587729\charrsid1719559 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Judge of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9587729 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1719559 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1719559\charrsid1719559 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9587729\charrsid1719559 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2783384\charrsid1719559 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9587729\charrsid1719559 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr. Justice Brian Keith
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9587729\charrsid1719559 {\*\bkmkstart _Hlk511658155}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Judge of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9587729 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1719559 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9587729\charrsid1719559 {\*\bkmkend _Hlk511658155}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Justice Kankani Chitrasiri
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9587729\charrsid1719559 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Ju\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 dge of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6123719\charrsid1719559 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi720\li4320\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid1719559 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1719559\charrsid15290813 
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