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{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31503\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs18\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31501\insrsid8141863 \hich\af39\dbch\af31501\loch\f39 v. THE STATE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31503\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs18\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31501\insrsid3351991\charrsid8141863 \hich\af39\dbch\af31501\loch\f39  - C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31503\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs18\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31501\insrsid8141863 \hich\af39\dbch\af31501\loch\f39 A}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31503\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs18\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31501\insrsid3351991\charrsid8141863 \hich\af39\dbch\af31501\loch\f39 V }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31503\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs18\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31501\insrsid8141863 
\hich\af39\dbch\af31501\loch\f39 0013 of 2015}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31503\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs18\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31501\insrsid3351991\charrsid8141863 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10095245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f40\fs18\insrsid3351991\charrsid10095245 
\par }}{\footerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4990640  PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid11425680 1}}}
\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3351991 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3351991 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15143375 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\ul\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI AT SUVA
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\ul\insrsid4673554\charrsid12592079 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\ul\insrsid14025869\charrsid12592079 RIMINAL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\ul\insrsid4673554\charrsid12592079  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\ul\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 APPELLATE JURISDICTION
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\ul\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 CASE }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\ul\insrsid10027135\charrsid12592079 NUMBER}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid10027135\charrsid12592079 :\tab \tab \tab C}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid14025869\charrsid12592079 RIMINAL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid10027135\charrsid12592079  APPEAL NUMBER: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid14025869\charrsid12592079 AV 0013}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079  of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid14025869\charrsid12592079  2015}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid12591186\charrsid12592079 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 Court of Appeal No. A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\insrsid14025869\charrsid12592079 AU}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid14025869\charrsid12592079 0003}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079  of 201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid14025869\charrsid12592079 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 )
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li3600\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3600\itap0\pararsid9782034 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\insrsid9782034\charrsid12592079 
(Lautoka High Court Criminal Case Number: HAC 001 of 2009)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15143375 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\ul\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 BETWEEN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079 :\tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\ul\insrsid8875733\charrsid12592079 VARASIKO TUWAI
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\ul\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid12852863\charrsid12592079 PETITIONER}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\ul\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079 :\tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\ul\insrsid8875733\charrsid12592079 THE STATE}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\ul\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab RESPONDENT
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-3600\li3600\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3600\itap0\pararsid10830957 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\ul\insrsid9991895\charrsid12592079 Coram}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079 :                             }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid8875733\charrsid12592079  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid12592079      }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid9991895\charrsid12592079 Hon. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid1254948\charrsid12592079 Justice Suresh Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid1254948\charrsid12592079 Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079  of the Supreme Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid9991895\charrsid12592079 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15143375 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid12592079 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid1254948\charrsid12592079 Hon. Madam Justice Chandra Ekanayake, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079 Justice of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid2845505\charrsid12592079 the Supreme}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid1254948\charrsid12592079  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid2845505\charrsid12592079 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid1254948\charrsid12592079 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid9991895\charrsid12592079 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079 \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid9991895\charrsid12592079 Hon. M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid1254948\charrsid12592079 adam Justice Anjala
 Wati}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079 , Justice of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid2845505\charrsid12592079 the Supreme Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid9991895\charrsid12592079 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\ul\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 Appearances}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079 :\tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid12852863\charrsid12592079 Petitioner}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid1254948\charrsid12592079  in Person}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10830957\charrsid12592079 \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10237097\charrsid12592079  M.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7241134\charrsid12592079  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid16607116\charrsid12592079  Korovou }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7241134\charrsid12592079 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid12852863\charrsid12592079  the Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\ul\insrsid16607116\charrsid12592079 Date of Hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid16607116\charrsid12592079 :\tab \tab Wednesday 10 August 2016.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\ul\insrsid5334385\charrsid12592079 Date }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\ul\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 of Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid15143375\charrsid12592079 :\tab \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid16607116\charrsid12592079 Friday 26 August}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10713309\charrsid12592079  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid5334385\charrsid12592079 2016.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid15143375 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid12592079\charrsid12592079 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15143375 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3748342\charrsid8141863 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3748342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15143375\charrsid8141863 \-\-\-\-\-\-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs36 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs36\ul\insrsid10830957\charrsid8141863 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs32\ul\insrsid3748342\charrsid8141863 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3748342 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs32\ul\insrsid10027135\charrsid8141863 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid347422 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\ul\insrsid15935799 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid10237097\charrsid15935799 Chandra, J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid347422\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15824451\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799 I have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11936009\charrsid15935799  had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799 
 the benefit of reading the draft judgment of her Ladyship Justice Wati and I agree with her reasons and conclusion that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5921614 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799  has not advanced sufficient reasons }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11472294\charrsid15935799 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799 
 appealing the decision }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10237097\charrsid15935799 of a single judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799 after a year}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid10237097\charrsid15935799  from the time limited for lodging of the appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799 . The delay in bringing the appeal is inordinate. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16607116\charrsid15935799 The grounds proffered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10237097\charrsid15935799 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16607116\charrsid15935799 
do not show any merits and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10237097\charrsid15935799 the application for leave to appeal is therefore untenable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16607116\charrsid15935799 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid12592079\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16607116\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid16607116\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799 Apart from that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid16607116\charrsid15935799 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799  I do not find that there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16607116\charrsid15935799 a
re sufficient reasons why new grounds should be allowed to be presented in the Supreme Court when }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11472294\charrsid15935799 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid16607116\charrsid15935799  was not raised in the Court of Appeal in the first instance. I do not find that any miscarriage of justice will occur even }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11472294\charrsid15935799 if }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16607116\charrsid15935799 the grounds are refused as they do not justify}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11472294\charrsid15935799  any merits for them}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16607116\charrsid15935799  to be allowed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16607116\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1657540\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid1657540\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15824451\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799 
The application for enlargement of time to appeal and to amend the ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11472294\charrsid15935799 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799 
 of appeal must be refused.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15824451\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15347396\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15347396\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15347396 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15347396\charrsid15935799 Ekanayake, J
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15347396\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 4.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15824451\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15347396\charrsid15935799 I have read the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5383614 draft }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15347396\charrsid15935799 
judgment of Wati, J and I agree that the application for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5383614 special }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15347396\charrsid15935799 leave to appeal out of time}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5383614 the application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799 
 to argue new grounds of appeal in the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5383614  must}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15347396\charrsid15935799  be disallowed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15347396\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11936009\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11936009\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8084530 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 5.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15824451\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8084530 
New grounds of appeal raised here which were not raised in the Court of Appeal may be allowed only in the most exceptional 
circumstances. In such a case at hand, Court is not satisfied that there are such exceptional circumstances compelling this Court to allow the new grounds.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11936009\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid6038581\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6038581\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11936009\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 6.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15535915\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11936009\charrsid15935799 Further, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid6038581\charrsid15935799 he petitioner has not been able to establish the threshold }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5383614 requirement spelt out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid6038581\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5383614 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6038581\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6038581\charrsid15935799 s. 7(2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6038581\charrsid15935799  of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid6038581\charrsid15935799 Supreme Court Act 1998}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6038581\charrsid15935799  for special leave to be granted.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15935799\charrsid15935799  The application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid11936009\charrsid15935799  must be dismissed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11936009\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid347422 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15935799\charrsid15935799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid10830957\charrsid15935799 Wati, J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid347422\charrsid15935799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799 Background
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15935072\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 7.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15935072\charrsid15935799 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15935072\charrsid15935799 
 and one Tracy Bernadette Shaw}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3940426\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid3940426\charrsid15935799 (\'93TBS\'94) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2779020\charrsid15935799 were charged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3940426\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15535915\charrsid15935799 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid3940426\charrsid15935799 convicted for murder contrary to section 199 and 200 of the Penal Code, Cap. 17.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2779020\charrsid15935799 
 The assessors had unanimously found the petitioner guilty of murder.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid12604220\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11207068\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 8.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799 The petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799 and TBS were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799 both }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799 
sentenced to life imprisonment. A minimum term was set for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799 
 to be 15 years before he was eligible for parole. The minimum term for TBS was set at 18 years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11207068\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 9.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799 I will }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15935799 in brief}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799  state the circumstances leading to the death of Mohammed Nasir for which the petitioner was charged with TBS. The evidence unraveled that t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799 
 was the de-facto partner of TBS. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 They were living together}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799  under the same roof}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 . On 17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799  December}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799  2008, the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5921614 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799  and TBS, planned to kill on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799  Mohammed Nasir, a taxi driver from Sigatoka. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11207068\charrsid15935799  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid2779020\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2779020\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2779020\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 10.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2298845\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 Apparently, TBS was bitter with Nasir as she}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799  had fallen out with him after a short }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15935799 romantic }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799 relationship.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799 With that grievance, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 TBS also felt that Nasir had been the trouble }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2779020\charrsid15935799 maker between }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15432396 her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799  parents by spreading gossip about the family.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid9662357\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 11.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 
TBS had been planning to kill Mohammed Nasir from 3 months before his death. She managed to execute her plan with the help of her de-f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799 acto partner on 17 December 2008}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid9662357\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 12.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid7097449\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799 On the day in question both TBS and the petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799 boarded }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799 the taxi driven by Nasir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12852863\charrsid15935799  on the pretext of giving him a job}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13984829\charrsid15935799  and killed him at Cuvu top }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid1451303\charrsid15935799 by putting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13984829\charrsid15935799  tape around his hands, legs, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2298845\charrsid15935799 and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13984829\charrsid15935799 mouth. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799 The deceased was punched, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13984829\charrsid15935799 kicked and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799 
 stabbed with a pen knife. He was then put at the back of the car seat. The petitioner and TBS then drove him to Ciri Road near Semo vill}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7097449\charrsid15935799 age. The victim revived}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9662357\charrsid15935799  pleading for his life but at Ciri road he was pushed out of the car onto the gravel road}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7097449\charrsid15935799 
. The petitioner then said that he hoped he would die.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13984829\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7097449\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7097449\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7097449\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7097449\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 13.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7097449\charrsid15935799 
Later that night both of them went back to the scene to check whether he was dead. If he was not, he would have been killed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15935799  That was the plan. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid7097449\charrsid15935799 Both the petitioners stated to the police that their purpose was to kill Nasir that night.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7097449\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7097449\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 14.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 
After killing the deceased, the two took his Nokia mobile phone, a sunglass, car stereo and some cash from him. The next day, the deceased was reported missing by his father.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7097449\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7097449\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7097449\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 15.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid7097449\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7097449\charrsid15935799 The deceased w
as found dead in a river bed with multiple head injuries.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12673642\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 16.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 The suspicion fell on TBS when police found that }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15935799 Nasir\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 
 mobile phone was used to contact some people. The phone calls were tracked and the information led to the arrest }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15167676\charrsid15935799 of four}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8992561\charrsid15935799  people, out of whom were the petitioner and TBS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12673642\charrsid15935799 . They were interviewed and charged.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid3940426\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid3940426\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3940426\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 17.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3940426\charrsid15935799 Following the conviction and sentence, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15167676\charrsid15935799 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3940426\charrsid15935799  and TBS f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7097449\charrsid15935799 
iled an appeal to the Court of A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3940426\charrsid15935799 pp}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799 eal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15167676\charrsid15935799  against their}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14773620\charrsid15935799  conviction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799 . Since }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11090657\charrsid15935799 all }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799 the grounds of appeal in the Court of Appeal either }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15935799 involved }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14355288\charrsid15935799 question}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15935799 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid14355288\charrsid15935799  of fact or mixed law and fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799 , leave was required fo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14773620\charrsid15935799 
r the appeal proper to be he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15935799 ard by the Full Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3831548\charrsid15935799 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid3831548\charrsid15935799 s. 21 (1) (b) of the Court of Appeal Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid3940426\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5840721\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 18.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid5840721\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid14773620\charrsid15935799 application for leave was heard by a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7104416\charrsid15935799 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799 
ingle judge of the Court of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14773620\charrsid15935799 Appeal. His Lordship Goundar, J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5795257 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid14773620\charrsid15935799 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14773620\charrsid15935799 
dismissed the leave application under s. 35(2) of the Court of Appeal Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1055869\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid1055869\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1055869 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid1055869\charrsid15935799  Application
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5795257 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 19.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid5795257\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5795257 
When an application for leave to appeal is dismissed by a single judge in terms of s. 35(2) of the Court of Appeal Act, no further appeal can be made to the Full Court of Appeal. An appeal against the decision to dismiss the application for leave under s.
 35(2) has to be brought to the Supreme Court by way of a petition for special leave. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5795257\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid5795257\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5795257\charrsid5795257 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 20.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid14226185\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid882512\charrsid15935799 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799  did not appeal against the said ruling in the same year. The following year, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid14773620\charrsid15935799 by a letter dated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5840721\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14773620\charrsid15935799 
14 May 2015, he sought leave to appeal out of time and to amend his grounds of appeal to be argued in the Court of Appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid12914742\charrsid2240582 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2240582\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid2240582\charrsid2240582 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid14226185\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid14226185\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11543320\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 21.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid12597767\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11543320\charrsid15935799 
The application therefore is for an extension of time to file the appeal and for leave to amend the grounds of appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12597767\charrsid15935799 
 I will deal with the application for extension of time to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14106354  first.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid12597767\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12597767\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid12597767\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12597767\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls16\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12597767\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12597767\charrsid15935799 Enlargement of Time to Appeal
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3024120\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 22.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3024120\charrsid15935799 There }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8461605\charrsid15935799 are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12724664\charrsid15935799  no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3024120\charrsid15935799  specific provisions in the Supreme Court Rules}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7824588\charrsid15935799  1998}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3024120\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid3024120\charrsid15935799 (\'93SCR
\'94)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3024120\charrsid15935799 
 on the powers of the Supreme Court to hear and determine an application for extension of time to bring an appeal against the decision of the Court of Appeal. In absence of any such provision, the Supreme Court can rely on the Court of Appeal Rules}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12724664\charrsid15935799  on practice and procedure: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12724664\charrsid15935799 Rule 46 of the SCR.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid3940426\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12724664\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid12724664\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12854998\charrsid12854998 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 23.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid12724664\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12854998\charrsid12854998 S. 26 of the Court of Appeal Act and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11810559\charrsid12854998 Rules 40 and 66 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12724664\charrsid12854998  Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11810559\charrsid12854998 
 Rules}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12854998\charrsid12854998  all provide that the Court has powers to hear and determine }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12854998 an application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12854998\charrsid12854998  for extension of time to appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11810559\charrsid12854998  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12854998\charrsid12854998 
Pursuant to these provisions, the Supreme Court then also has powers of the same nature.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid12724664\charrsid12854998 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12854998\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid12854998\charrsid12854998 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 24.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 
In deciding the question of leave I will seek guidance from two very helpful authorities which, though not exhaustively, but largely outlines factors which must be considered for a pr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15495135\charrsid15935799 oper exercise of the discretion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11486715\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 25.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11486715\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 The first is the judgment of the Supreme Court of Fiji: }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12724664\charrsid15935799 Kamlesh Kumar v. State; Mesake Sinu v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8461605\charrsid15935799 
 [2012] FJSC 17; CAV0001. 2009 (21 August 2012).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8461605\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 In that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid11810559\charrsid15935799 case the factors to consider an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799  application for leave to appeal out of time were identified as:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11486715\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13448333\charrsid11685968 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 (i)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1080\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid11486715\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13448333\charrsid11685968 The reason for the failure to file within time;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13448333\charrsid11685968 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 (ii)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1080\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid13448333\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13448333\charrsid11685968 The length of the delay;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13448333\charrsid11685968 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 (iii)\tab}Whether there is a ground of merit justifying the appellate court\rquote s   consideration.

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13448333\charrsid11685968 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 (iv)\tab}Where there has been substantial delay, nonetheless is there a ground 
of appeal that will probably succeed?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13448333\charrsid11685968 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 (v)\tab}If time is enlarged, will the respondent be unfairly prejudiced.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8461605\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid8461605\charrsid11685968 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10901708\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 26.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid10901708\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10901708\charrsid15935799 The second is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15495135\charrsid15935799 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10901708\charrsid15935799  from the Supreme Court of Canada:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 R v. Roberge [2005] 2 SCR 469, 2005 SCC 48 (CanLii)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10901708\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 In this case the applicant had filed 
an application for leave to appeal out of time after 4 months of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15495135\charrsid15935799 prescribed period}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 
 in Supreme Court Act, R.S.C 1985, c. S-26.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10901708\charrsid15935799  The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 Court stated as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11486715\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\ul\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11486715\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 \'93
The power to extend time under special circumstances in s. 59 (1) of the Act is a discretionary
 one. Although the Court has traditionally adopted a generous approach in granting extensions of time, a number of factors guide it in the exercise of its discretion, including:
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3489103\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 
Whether the applicant formed a bona fide intention to seek leave to appeal and communicated  that intention to the opposing party within the prescribed time;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid3489103\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11486715\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 Whether counsel moved diligently;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 3.\tab}Whether a proper explanation has been offered;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 4.\tab}The extent of the delay;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 5.\tab}Whether granting or denying the extension of time will unduly 
prejudice one or the other of the parties; and
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 6.\tab}The merits of the application for leave to appeal.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11486715 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 
The ultimate question is always whether, in all the circumstances and considering the factors referred to above, the justice of the case requires that an extension of time be granted\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715 

\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid752558\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid752558\charrsid752558 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid80526 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 27.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11486715\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid80526 
The above two cases more or less outline the same factors which need}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid80526 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid80526  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid80526 be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid80526 
considered in determining the application for leave to appeal out of time. Using the above cases, I will determine the question of leave under the following }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10901708\charrsid80526 headings: }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid11486715\charrsid80526 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid80526\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid80526\charrsid80526 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10901708\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 A.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls15\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12597767\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10901708\charrsid15935799 B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 ona fide intention to seek leave to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13712748\charrsid15935799 /}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 whether}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799  counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10711059\charrsid15935799  or }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10901708\charrsid15935799 party }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 moved diligently/explanation for the delay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11486715\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid11486715\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 28.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid4603979\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 
At the hearing, the petitioner did not advance any reasons why he did not file the appe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid80526 al within time. What I gather f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid80526 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 m his 
written material is his assertion that there was some misunderstanding between him and his Legal Aid Counsel who appeared in the Court of Appeal and that he faced difficulty in getting his papers from the Court of Appeal for him to prepare his appeal on t
ime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid2321275\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2321275\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 29.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2321275\charrsid15935799 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8409578\charrsid15935799 petitioner neither}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2321275\charrsid15935799  states }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3297212\charrsid15935799 
the nature of misunderstanding which precluded him from filing the appeal, nor the difficulty which he faced in getting his relevant papers to file the appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid3297212\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid3297212\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2321275\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15935072\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3297212\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 30.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid80526\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3297212\charrsid15935799 
The Court of Appeal Registry is not only physically accessible but also accessible by emails, telephones and letters. What the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8409578\charrsid15935799 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid3297212\charrsid15935799  needed to do was to write in to the Chief Registrar and ask for the papers he needed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9922772\charrsid15935799  to rely on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid3297212\charrsid15935799  to file the appeal. He would have been provided with the necessary papers without any expenses. That is the procedure that the Courts have adopted in cases of inmates.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid80526  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14961761\charrsid80526 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid80526 
re is nothing on record to show that the petitioner requested for any materials and that was not provided to him. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid80526\charrsid80526 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid80526\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid80526\charrsid80526 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid80526 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 31.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid80526\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid80526 
When the matter was before the Court of Appeal, the petitioner would have had the benefit of most of the documents. What he needed to appeal was a judgment of the single judge. That could have been easily accessible from the registry.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid4603979\charrsid80526 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4603979\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 32.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid4603979\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 If and when
 the petitioner was facing the difficulties as he described, he could have written to the Cou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8409578\charrsid15935799 rt before the time for filing the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799  appeal had expired and expressed his intention to appeal and sought extension of time. He could have in the letter outlined his difficulties which he says he faced. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4603979\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 33.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid4603979\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 In fact most inmates do not file proper application}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9922772\charrsid15935799 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 . They write letters}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9922772\charrsid15935799  and}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799  their letters are considered as applications. They are very easily able to access the registry. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9922772\charrsid15935799 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9922772\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9922772\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9922772\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 34.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid4603979\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9922772\charrsid15935799 In this case, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 he petitioner did not show any bonafide intention to appeal. If he had any, he would have written an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9922772\charrsid15935799 d requested the Court for the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799  records for him to prepare the appeal. Coupled with that, he did not move the Court diligently to file h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8409578\charrsid15935799 is appeal. It took him almost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799  a year after the expiration of the time to appeal to file his papers. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4603979\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4603979\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14961761\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 35.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid4603979\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14961761\charrsid15935799 I find that the allegations of misunderstanding}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9922772\charrsid15935799  with his counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14961761\charrsid15935799  and delay in getting the necessary documents to file the appeal to be bare and unacceptable.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14961761 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid752558\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid752558\charrsid752558 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid752558\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid752558 
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid7092061\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 B.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls15\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12597767\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid7092061\charrsid15935799 Length of Delay
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3297212\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 36.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3297212\charrsid15935799 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid7092061\charrsid15935799 petitioner had 42 days from 7 April 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6819105  to file his appeal: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6819105\charrsid6819105 
s. 6(a) of the SCA.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13501759\charrsid15935799  His time to file the appeal expired on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799 
or about 19 May 2014. The petitioner filed his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6819105 application for leave to appeal and amendment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799 on }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9459822\charrsid15935799 14 May}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799  2015. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3297212\charrsid15935799 There is delay of }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9459822\charrsid15935799 almost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8093096\charrsid15935799  a y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799 
ear to file the appeal and this I find }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8093096\charrsid15935799 is substantial delay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid3297212\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid6121264\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 C.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls15\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12597767\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799 Prejudice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 37.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 The State has not pointed out any specific 
prejudice that will occur but there is naturally prejudice to the State a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9459822\charrsid15935799 s there needs to be finality to criminal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 matters. Those who prefer to appeal the decisions of the Court must exercise their rights within time. A lack of exercise of that right 
indicates to all parties that the litigation has come to an end and that time and resources should be directed towards more needy files.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid752558\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid752558\charrsid752558 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9459822\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 38.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9459822\charrsid15935799 
Then contrary to the expectation, the State has to again re-open the files which it considered closed and allocate time and resources towards management}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6819105  of that file. I find that the S}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9459822\charrsid15935799 tate is then prejudiced in allocation of resources}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6819105 
 towards a file it considered closed. There then is a direct impact on the administration and management of the cases.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid6121264\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 D.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls15\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12597767\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799 Grounds of Appeal: Are there any merits?}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid6121264\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8093096\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid8093096\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8093096\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 39.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8093096\charrsid15935799 The next question that I need to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 consider is whether there are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8093096\charrsid15935799  any merit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8093096\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 in the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8093096\charrsid15935799 
 grounds of appeal that may justify the granting of the application for enlargement of time notwithstanding my finding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 that there is substantial delay and
 that the petitioner does not have any cogent reasons why he delayed in exercising his rights to appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid8093096\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8093096\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid8093096\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13967984\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 40.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13967984\charrsid15935799 The normal practice in an application for enlargement o}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8471702 f time is to show to the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799 ourt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13967984\charrsid15935799 
 the proposed grounds of appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799  The reason is that in co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8471702 nsidering the application, the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799 ourt has to consider whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 the proposed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799 
 ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799  have any merits and whether substantial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid9583943 and grave }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799 injustice would be caused to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15876880\charrsid15935799 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799  if time to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9583943 file the appeal out of time was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799 
 refused.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid8093096\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid135141\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 41.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8409578\charrsid15935799 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799  has not proposed any grounds of appeal. He does }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 not specify }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15876880\charrsid15935799 the errors of the single judge of the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid135141\charrsid15935799 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 The petitioner just asserts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15876880\charrsid15935799 
 in his written submissions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799  that the single judge was wrong in holding that the grounds he had proffered in the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12597767\charrsid15935799 were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799  frivolous.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1997342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1997342\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15876880\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 42.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15876880\charrsid15935799 Since }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15876880\charrsid15935799 
 is unrepresented, for fairness sake, I will accept that he is challenging the decision of the single judge on all the grounds. I only permit this as the State has also presumed the same and made submissions accordin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid9583943 g to the grounds raised in the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15876880\charrsid15935799 ourt of Appeal.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15876880\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15876880\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 43.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 This may }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15876880\charrsid15935799 then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 require an examination of the grounds raised in the Court of Appeal and the assessment by the single judge.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15867067\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 44.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15867067\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid9583943 ree grounds of appeal were raised in the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 . They were that the trial judge erred:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15867067\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid9583943 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid9583943 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15867067\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid9583943 
in law when he did not direct the assessors about the circumstantial evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9583943 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid9583943 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15867067\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid9583943 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid9583943 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15867067\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid9583943 
erred in law and in fact when he did not direct the assessors that in respect of a disputed confessional statement they were entitled to consider all the relevant evidence together}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9583943 
 in deciding upon their verdict; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid9583943 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15867067\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid9583943 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid9583943 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15867067\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid9583943 
erred in law and in fact when he did not put the defence case to the assessors.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15867067\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid9583943 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1534169\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 45.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1534169\charrsid15935799 In his written submission to the Court, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 petitioner stated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1534169\charrsid15935799  that the single judge of the Court of Appeal did not have the benefit o}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10247078\charrsid15935799 f the hearing notes on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid10247078\charrsid15935799 voir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs23\insrsid1534169\charrsid15935799  dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1534169\charrsid15935799 
 and the main trial and that deprived the Court of appreciating the full facts of the case. This led to the Court of Appeal to hold that the grounds were not arguable.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13504334\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13504334\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13504334\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 46.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid16719358\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13504334\charrsid15935799 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid16719358 
f the single judge required any material records to make a finding on the grounds, he would have called for the records or for the original file which is easily accessible. This allegation that the trial judge did not have the records is not sufficient fo
r the petitioner to file an appeal against the decision of the Court. What he needs to show is that the Court erred in its findings on the grounds presented to it.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16719358\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16719358\charrsid16719358 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16719358 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 47.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid16719358\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16719358 I will now deal with the grounds in turn.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16719358\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16719358\charrsid16719358 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15867067\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799 D -}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8471702  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799 1.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8471702 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799  Circumstantial Evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15867067 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16719358\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 48.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 The petitioner 
had argued that the trial judge did not direct the assessors on the circumstantial evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799 . I find that the single judge was correct in finding that this was a case whic}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5794096 h depended on direct evidence being the admission by the petitioner in his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799  caution int
erview. The caution interview was the main evidence which was used to prove all the elements of the offence. The circumstantial evidence was only used to aid the confession statement. The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid10247078\charrsid15935799 re was therefore no need for any}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799  special directions on circumstantial evidence to be given to the assessors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid10247078\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10247078\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10247078\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 49.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10247078\charrsid15935799 
In a case of this nature, the general directions to the assessors that the prosecution had the burden of establishing all the elements of the offence beyond reasonable doubt, was sufficient. These direc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid4146436\charrsid15935799 tions can be found in paragraphs 7 and 10 of the summing up where his Lordship the trial judge said:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10247078\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4146436\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4146436\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1401537\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4146436\charrsid5794096 \'93}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid1401537\charrsid5794096  7.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4146436\charrsid5794096 It is most important that I remind you of what I said to you when you were being }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid1401537\charrsid5794096 sworn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4146436\charrsid5794096  in. The burden of proving the case against these two accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12978565\charrsid5794096 
 is on the Prosecution and how do they do that? By making you sure of it. Nothing less will do. This is what is sometimes called proof beyond reasonable doubt. If you have any doubt then that must be given to the accused and you will find him or her not g
uilty-that doubt must be a reasonable one however, not just some fanciful doubt\'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4146436\charrsid5794096  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12978565\charrsid5794096 
\par 10. The prosecution must prove beyond reasonable doubt three essential elements of the offence of murder\'85\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6947733\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 50.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799 It is clear from the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid7497884\charrsid15935799 Senijieli}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7497884\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799 Boila v. The State}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8848000  [2008] FJSC 35; CAV 0005. 200}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid7497884\charrsid15935799 6S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8848000 
 (25 February 2008)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5794096 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799  that on the question of circumstantial evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5794096 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799  the principle laid down in the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799 
McGreevy v. Director of Public Prosecutions [1973] 1 All ER 503; [1971] 1 WLR 276}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5794096 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7290585\charrsid15935799 be f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799 ollowed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7497884\charrsid15935799 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid7497884\charrsid15935799 Senijieli Boila (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7497884\charrsid15935799 
 the Supreme Court said at paragraphs 15 and 16 as follows:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid7497884\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid7497884\charrsid15935799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid7497884\charrsid15935799 \'93
The Court of Appeal observed that no special directions are required of a trial judge in directing on the use of circumstantial evidence. What is required is a clear direction that the tribunal of fact must be satisfied of the guilt of the accused }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12978565\charrsid15935799 beyond reasonabl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid7497884\charrsid15935799 e doubt\'85 The adequacy of a particular }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12978565\charrsid15935799 direction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid7497884\charrsid15935799  will necessary depend on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12978565\charrsid15935799 circumstances o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid7497884\charrsid15935799 f the case.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12978565\charrsid15935799 
\par The petitioner did not suggest error in these principles as applied by the Court of Appeal\'85\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid7497884\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid12978565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid12978565\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9905516 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 51.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9905516 It was held in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9905516\charrsid9905516 McGreevy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9905516  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9905516\charrsid9905516 (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid9905516   that:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid9905516\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9905516 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9905516\charrsid9905516 \'93
In a criminal trial it is the duty of the judge to make clear to the jury in terms which are adequate to cover the particular features of the case that they must not convict unless they are satisfied be
yond reasonable doubt of the guilt of the accused. There is no rule, where the prosecution case is based on circumstantial evidence, the judge must, as a matter of law, give a further direction that the jury must not convict unless they are satisfied that
 the facts proved are not only consistent with the guilt of the accused, but also such as to be inconsistent with any other reasonable conclusion\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9905516 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9905516\charrsid9905516 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9905516 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 52.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9905516 What}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799 McGreevy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9905516  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid9905516 simply says is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799 that an express }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799 Hodge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799  direction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9905516  is not a rule of law which if not faithfully followed will stamp a summing up defective.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799  A }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799 Hodge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799  direction comes from the case of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799 R v Hodge (1838) 2 Lew CC 227}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799 
. This case states that before finding a prisoner guilty the jury must be satisfied not only tha
t the circumstances are consistent with him having committed the act, but also that the facts are such as to be consistent with any other rational conclusion than that he was the guilty person.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid6947733\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8614699\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 53.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799 McGreevy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799  says that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6638062\charrsid15935799 what the jury needs to be directed is that
 they must not convict unless satisfied beyond reasonable doubt of the guilt of the accused.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8614699\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6638062\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6638062\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6638062\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 54.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6638062\charrsid15935799 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6638062\charrsid15935799 R v. Hart [1986] 2 NZLR 408}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6638062\charrsid15935799 , it was held that:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6638062\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6638062\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid6638062\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6638062\charrsid15935799  \'93\'85
 It is the duty of the trial Judge to make clear to the jury in terms adequate to cover the particular featu
res of the case that they must not convict unless satisfied beyond reasonable doubt of the guilt of the accused. The judge should give the jury practical and fair assistance as to how parts of the evidence may help or tell against or even positively exclu
de the proof of a case beyond reasonable doubt, rather than directions in abstract terms. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid6638062\charrsid8930228 
A Hodge direction, while proper and in some cases desirable, is not required as a matter of law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6638062\charrsid15935799 \'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6638062 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid8930228\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8930228 
\par Underlining is mine for Emphasis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8930228\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13454905\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1662652\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 55.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1662652\charrsid15935799 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid1662652\charrsid15935799 R v. Hart (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1662652\charrsid15935799 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid9460005\charrsid15935799 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid1662652\charrsid15935799 the accused was charged with murdering a young woman whose partly naked body had been found face down on a beach. She had been severely assaulted, but death had been caused due to }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 drowning}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid1662652\charrsid15935799 . When first questioned the accused denied that he was with the dece
ased at the time and place of her death. However, he later admitted that he was with her in a grassy bank by the beach on the night she died, that he had assaulted her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 
, and then ran away. The Crown\rquote s case depended largely on inferences from circumstantial evidence, and in his summing up to the jury the trial judge gave general directions on circumstantial evidence. However, he did not give a Hodge direction}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid9460005\charrsid15935799 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9460005\charrsid15935799  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid278915\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid278915\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid278915\charrsid15935799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9460005\charrsid752558 The directions were held to be adequate.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid752558 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid12210329\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 56.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 Unlike in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 R v. Hart}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 , to prove any elements of the 
offence, the State did not rely on circumstantial evidence but the confession statement. In that regard, the judge\rquote s general direction to the assessors that the prosecution must prove each elemen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5383614 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799  of the offence beyond reasonable doubt is adequate direction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14905349 
 There was no need for any special direction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12210329\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14905349 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 57.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14905349 I find that this ground does not have any merit.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12210329\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid12210329\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 D-}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8471702  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 2. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8471702 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 Directions on Confession Statement 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 58.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 second}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799  ground relates to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 allegation that the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 trial judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12210329\charrsid15935799 did not direct the assessors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 in relation to the disputed confession statement and to consider all the relevant evidence toge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid15935799 ther. Admirably, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid278915\charrsid15935799 Goundar, J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid278915\charrsid15935799 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid15935799  thoroughly went through the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 directions given o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318 n the confession}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid15935799  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 found that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318 same was}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid15935799  adequate.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13454905\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 59.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 Before I deal with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid15935799 issue of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 direction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid15935799 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799  on the confession,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11628461  I must say that the trial judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 
 had very clearly directed the assessors to take into account all of the evidence presented in Court. It is prudent that the summing of His Lor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11628461 dship be outlined for clarity:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13454905\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16083221 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid11628461 \'933.\tab Counsel
 have addressed you on the facts but once again you need not adopt their views of the facts unless you agree with them and I will say more about that a little later. You will take into account all of the evidence both oral and documentary. You can accept 
some of what a witness says and reject the rest. You can accept all of what he or she says and you can reject all. As judges of the facts you are masters of what to accept from the evidence.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13454905\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid11628461 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid11628461 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 4.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16083221\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid11628461 
You must judge this case solely on the evidence that you have heard in this Court room\'85
There will be no more evidence, you are not to speculate on what evidence there might have been or should have been. You judge the case solely on what you have heard and seen here.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16083221\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid11628461 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid11628461 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 5.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16083221\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid11628461 The court room is no place for sympathy or prejudice
. You must judge this case solely on the evidence produced in this Court and nothing else. You cannot feel sorry for anybody and let that cloud your view of the evidence\'94.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13454905\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 60.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 
The above paragraphs very clearly indicate that the assessors were directed to consider all}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid278915\charrsid15935799  the relevant evidence in order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799  to come to their opinion. There is no confusion created by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318 directions that the confession }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799  was to be looked at in isolation.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13454905\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid16083221\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 61.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 petitioner\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799  assertion that the assessors were not directed to consider all the relevant evidence is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid15935799 bald and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 unfounded.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16083221\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 62.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 
I find that the directions to the assessors to consider all the relevant evidence apt and adequate and the trial judge could not have said or done anything more than what was said to fully ventilate the duty of the assessors in arriving at their }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid15935799 opinion in whether the petitioner wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 s guilty or not.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16083221\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 63.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318 In relation to the confession, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 the Court very clearly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318 directed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799  the assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318  that they}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799  must decide whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318  petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799  made the statement and if he so did}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318  whether the admissions were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 
 true. The assessors were also directed that in deciding whether the admissions were true, they were to decide whether they were or may have been made or given as a result of something said or done which was likely to render them un}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid15935799 reliable. If the confessions were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799  unreliable, the assessors were told to disregard the same.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16083221\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13389494\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 64.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 The assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid278915\charrsid15935799  were also specifically directed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799  that what TBS said in her confession statement against the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid11628461 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799  was not evidence against him but what he did say in his caution interview was evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 if}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799  the assessors accepted that he said it and if }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799  accepted it to be true.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13389494\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 65.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 The directions of the trial judge in his own words }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 :
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1393139\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1393139\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-1080\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15015354\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid752558\charrsid7218734 \'93
[}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid7218734 29]. \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15015354\charrsid7218734 
In deciding whether you can safely rely upon the admissions, you must decide two issues:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid1393139\charrsid7218734 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10760577 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15015354\charrsid7218734 (i). \tab 
did each of the accused in fact make the admissions? If you are not sure that she or he did you must ignore them. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9579008\charrsid7218734  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15015354\charrsid7218734 If however you are sure that he or she did then;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10760577 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15015354\charrsid7218734 (ii). \tab 
are you sure that the admissions are true?
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10760577 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15015354\charrsid7218734 
In addressing that issue (whether the admissions are true) then you should decide whether they were or may have been made or given as a result of something said or done which was likely to render t
hem unreliable. If you conclude that that answers were or may have been obtained by the police as a result of something said or done which was likely to render them unreliable then you must disregard the admissions.\tab 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10760577 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid7218734    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15015354\charrsid7218734 [31]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid7218734 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15015354\charrsid7218734  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid7218734 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15015354\charrsid7218734 Varasiko has said nothing\'85.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10760577 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid7218734   }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15015354\charrsid7218734 [33] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10760577\charrsid7218734 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15015354\charrsid7218734 \'85
, but what he himself says in his interview is evidence if you accept that he said it and if you accept that it is true\'94.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13389494\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid7218734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 66.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2838117\charrsid15935799 In this case the issue of voluntariness was a live issue at the trial, as the prosecution witnesses were being 
cross-examined at length on how the confessions were obtained, that is, by assault and ill-treatment during arrest and whilst in police custody during the interview. This is notwithstanding that the appellant did not give any evidence on how the confessio
n was obtained. He need not give any evidence as it is the duty of the prosecution to proof beyond reasonable doubt that the confessions were obtained voluntarily.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13389494\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2838117\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2838117\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 67.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid15935799 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2838117\charrsid15935799 n the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2838117\charrsid15935799 Noa Maya v. the State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10303236  [2015] FJSC 30; CAV 009. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2838117\charrsid15935799 2015}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10303236  (23 October 2015]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid15935799 
 his Lordship Sir Justice Brian Keith gave }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5667576 his provisional view on the directions that should be given to assessors, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 if after a voir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid15935799  dire hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 , the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid15935799  judge has ruled the confes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 sion statements admissible and in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid15935799  the course of trial the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5667576  issue of voluntariness is a live issue and the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid15935799  judge changes his view on the issue of voluntariness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2838117\charrsid15935799 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid15935799 The preferred direction that was to be given was said to be to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5667576  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5667576\charrsid5667576 \'93
tell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid5667576  the assessors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5667576\charrsid5667576 that even }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid5667576 if they are sure that the defendant said what the police attributed to him, they should nevertheless disregard the confession if they think that it may have been made involuntarily.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5667576\charrsid5667576  The judge will have to direct himself on these lines if he changes his mind about the voluntariness of the confession in the course of the trial\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2838117 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9202287\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9202287\charrsid9202287 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9202287 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 68.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2321275\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9202287 His Lordship}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318  Sir}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9202287  Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318 Brian }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9202287 Keith said that if after the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid9202287\charrsid15077318 voir dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9202287  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318 hearing, the judge rules the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid15077318\charrsid15077318 voi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid9202287\charrsid15077318 r dire}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9202287 
 as admissible then he would have already found beyond reasonable doubt that it had been made voluntarily. If he remains of that view}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2701170  by the end of the 
case, the terms of the direction he gave to the assessors if they thought that the confession may have been made involuntarily is irrelevant. The problem will only arise if, in the course of the trial, the judge himself changes his original view about the
 voluntariness of the confession.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9202287\charrsid5667576 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13006821\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid5667576 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5667576 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 69.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2623839\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5667576 In the same case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5667576\charrsid15077318 Noa Maya}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15077318  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15077318\charrsid15077318 (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5667576 , Lord President Gates said:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5667576\charrsid5667576 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5667576\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5667576\charrsid5667576 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid5667576\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid752558\charrsid9202287 \'93For}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5667576\charrsid9202287 
 my part, I reach the view that the assessors should be directed by the judge in his summing up that if they are not satisfied that the confession was given voluntarily, in the sense that it was obtained without oppression, ill-treatment or inducements, o
r conclude that it may not have been given voluntarily, they should disregard it altogether.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10947991\charrsid9202287 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9202287\charrsid9202287 In Fiji the judge may admit the confession into evidence after the voir dire, and yet subsequently at the conclusion of the trial proper he or she may arrive at a 
different opinion. The defence may pursue in cross-examination in the trial proper the same issue of voluntariness in order to persuade the judge as well as the assessors of the rightfulness of such an allegation. The prosecution however bears the burden 
in trial proper, as in voir dire of proving that the confession was voluntary, and must do so to the standard }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15077318\charrsid9202287 beyond}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9202287\charrsid9202287  reasonable doubt,\'85\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10947991\charrsid9202287 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5667576\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5667576\charrsid5667576 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 70.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2623839\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid15935799 In this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 , the trial judge had not indicated that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16540104 to him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 
the issue of voluntariness of the confession was questionable. If that issue had affected his mind, I am sure he would have raised }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5383614 it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 at some point}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16540104  in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2701170  this matter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 . The records do not indicate that any such issue was raised}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16540104  by the trial judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13006821\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15935072\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13184508\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 71.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13184508\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 
That then brings me to the directions on the confession. Having read it carefully I find that the tri}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 l judge did indicate to the assessors that if they thought that the admissions were made as a result of something said or done then they were to disregard the admissions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2701170  The assessors were also told to consider the truth of the same, if the admissions were accepted as having in fact being made.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13184508\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 72.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 I find that in terms of the opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16540104 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799  of their Lordships in the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799 Noa (supra)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13184508\charrsid15935799  the directions to the assessors on the admissibility of the confessions were adequate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936757\charrsid15935799 
 and that there is no miscarriage of justice as a result of the directions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15935072\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi360\li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid674971 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8471702  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8471702  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 3. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8471702 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 Summing Up the Defence Case 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936757\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 73.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936757\charrsid15935799 The next ground that requires examination is the allegation that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2041272\charrsid15935799 trial judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8062638\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936757\charrsid15935799 did not put the defence case to the assessors. The only defence
 that had been raised in the cross-examination was that the confession statement was not made voluntarily. Apart from that the accused exercised his constitutional right to remain silent. I have already found that the directions to the assessors on the co
nfession were adequate. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15936757\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936757\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936757\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 74.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936757\charrsid15935799 
By exercising his constitutional right to silence and by objecting to the confession statement as not having being obtained volunt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2041272\charrsid15935799 arily, the obligation on t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 he tr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936757\charrsid15935799 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936757\charrsid15935799 l judge was to direct the assessors in the terms he did on the confession and to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3743107  further}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15936757\charrsid15935799  direct that the prosecution had the burden of proving all the elements of the offence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799  beyond reasonable doubt}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936757\charrsid15935799 . That was adequately dealt with by the trial judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8062638\charrsid15935799  in the summing up.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15936757\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 75.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 There were no other directions that the trial judge wa
s required to give to the assessors. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16540104 single judge of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
Court of Appeal also made a finding that the direction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799  to the assessors were proper.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3743107  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 76.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15935072\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 I find that the grounds of appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8062638\charrsid15935799 do}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799  not have any merits and that any extension for time to file any appeal will be futile.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls16\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12597767\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 Amendment of the Grounds of Appeal
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 77.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
The next issue that I need to address is the request by the appellant to amend the grounds of appeal which he did not raise in the Court of Appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 
 The specific assertions, as I can summarize, are that the trial judge erred in law and in fact in:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 
Not adequately directing or misdirecting the assessors that there were inconsistencies in the evidence of the prosecution witnesses and that the prosecutio
n had not discharged its burden of proof of establishing the elements of the offence beyond reasonable doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 
Not directing the assessors and himself on the major flaw in the prosecution procedure that there was no identification parade carried out when there were other people who were arrested.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 
Not directing the assessors and himself on the Turnbull guidelines when the prosecution had called two witnesses for identification.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 4.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 
Not directing the assessors that his confession of the offence had been obtained as a result of the police brutality.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 5.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4927589\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 Admitting the forensic report which was falsely prepared}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid12656236 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4927589\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid12656236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 6.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 In finding that there was an unlawf}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid12656236 ul joint enterprise between }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid12656236 TBC and him.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15867067\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 78.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2041272\charrsid15935799 petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15867067\charrsid15935799 basically wants this Court to consider more errors of fact and law on the part of the trial judge. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 79.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 The Supreme Court is not a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 first-tier}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid674971\charrsid15935799 appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 court. A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 ny error on the part of the trial court is a matter for the Court of Appeal to examine as a first }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 \endash tier }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 appellate court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5731360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid674971\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 80.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid674971\charrsid15935799 In the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 ourt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid674971\charrsid15935799  of Appeal,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2041272\charrsid15935799 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236  was represented by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
 Legal Aid Commission. After coming on record, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 the Legal Aid Commission}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799  was granted an opportunity to fil}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 e the amended grounds of appeal. Subsequently the amended grounds were filed.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12656236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236\charrsid12656236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 81.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 At the time of the amendment, i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2041272\charrsid15935799 f the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799  felt that additional grounds were necessary, it would have been prudent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 for him to ask his counsel to include}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799  those grounds }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 as well}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid674971\charrsid15935799  The petitioner need not wait to see whether some of his grounds will succeed and in the event it does not}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3743107 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid674971\charrsid15935799  to raise new grounds.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 82.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
It is improper that litigants be allowed to argue their cases on piece meal basis. Once a set of appeal grounds are unsuccessful, they raise another set to test whether that will hold some 
substance. If stringent rules are not applied where necessary, there will never be an end to litigation and there can be huge disruptions to case management in the appellate court.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 83.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 The C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 ourts time is not only for a particular litigant. Access to justice is meant for all the users of the Court and if these users are allowed to come to Court as and when they think of a point }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid674971\charrsid15935799 that may be arguable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 , I say without}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 
 hesitation, that a lot of the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13003477\charrsid15935799 ourts resources are going to be shamefully wasted.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 84.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 
I am not saying that this Court does not have jurisdiction to allow new grounds to be argued at all.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1450980\charrsid15935799  The Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3743107 
definitely will allow amendments where }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8410828 it is appro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12656236 priate to do so. I will in a whi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8410828 le identify what may be an appropriate case in which an amendment may be allowed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5731360 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8410828\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8410828\charrsid8410828 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8410828 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 85.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8410828 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8410828\charrsid8410828 Senijieli Boila (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8410828 
, the Supreme Court said that the Supreme Court did have jurisdiction to entertain new issues on appeal only if the Supreme Court thresh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8848000 old test was met. At paragraph 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8410828 , the observation was as follows:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8410828\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8410828\charrsid8410828 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid8410828\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8410828\charrsid8410828 \'93
Several of the matters raised by the petitioner were not addressed by the Court of Appeal, some of them not even having been ventilated in that Court. In so observing, we are not suggesting that this Court would lack jurisdiction to consider such matters 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8848000 if the criteria for a grant o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8410828\charrsid8410828 f special leave were otherwise established\'94.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15927665\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid8410828 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8410828 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 86.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8410828 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8410828\charrsid14698846 Eroni Vaqewa v. The State }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid14698846\charrsid14698846 [2016] FJSC 12; CAV0016.2015 (22 April 2016)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid14698846 , it was also acknowledged that although the Supreme Court has powers to entertain fresh grounds of appeal which were not raised in any Court below, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8848000\charrsid8848000 it
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14698846\charrsid8848000  will not be entertained}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid14698846\charrsid14698846  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8848000 
\'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid14698846\charrsid14698846 unless its significance upon the special leave criteria was compelling\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid14698846 : [at para. 28].}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid8410828\charrsid14698846 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid14698846\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid14698846\charrsid14698846 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 87.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 In consi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15936121 dering the issue of whether new issues should be allowed to be argued in the appellate court when it was not raised in the trial Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid15936121\charrsid527527  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid527527 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 ustice L\rquote  Heureux-Dube in R v. Brown, [1993] 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15936121  SCR 918, 1993 CanLii 114 (SCC) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936121 in his dissent said:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15927665\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10508401 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid527527\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 \'93
 Courts have long frowned on the practice of raising new arguments on appeal, Only in those exceptional cases where balancing the interests of justice to all parties leads to the conclusion that an injustice has been done should courts permit new grounds 
to be raised on appeal. Appeals on questions of law alone are more likely to be received, as ordinarily they do not require further findings of fact. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid875812\charrsid15935799 Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 ree prerequisites must be satisfied in order to permit the raising of a new issue,\'85, for the first time on appeal: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 first}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 
there must be sufficient evidentiary record to resolve the issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 second}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 
it must not be an instance in which the accused for tactical reasons failed to raise the issue at trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 and third}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 
the court must be satisfied that no miscarriage of justice will result\'85\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15927665\charrsid15935799 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid527527 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid674971\charrsid15935799 Underlining is Mine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid5731360\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6580079\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 88.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11736157\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6580079\charrsid15935799 His Lordship\rquote 
s comments on the need to discourage new issues on appeal is very relevant:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6580079\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid6580079 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6580079\charrsid15935799 \'93\'85
In addition, the general prohibition against new arguments on appeal supports the overarching societal interest in the finality of litigation in criminal matters. Were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799 
 there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6580079\charrsid15935799 
 to be no limits on the issues that may be raised on appeal, such finality would become an illusion. Both the Crown and the defence would face uncertainty, as counsel for both sides, having discovered 
that the strategy adopted at the trial did not result in the desired or expected verdict, devised new approache}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid96221\charrsid15935799 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6580079\charrsid15935799 
 Costs would escalate and the resolution of criminal matters could be spread out over years in the most routine cases. Moreover, society\rquote s expe
ctation that criminal matters will be disposed of fairly and fully at the first instance and its respect for the administration of justice would be undermined. Juries would rightfully be uncertain if they were fulfilling an important societal function or 
merely wasting their time. For these reasons, courts have always adhered closely to the rule that such tactics will not be permitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12781441\charrsid15935799 \'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6580079\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936121 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 89.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11736157\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936121 
Due to the volume of cases in which fresh grounds are sought to be argued in the Supreme Court, it is now timely that the Court takes a strict approach in deciding whether new grounds should be permitted to be argued. It must not be a routine }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6444066 in this Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936121 to allow every petitioner to argue new grounds. I feel that it is proper that those grounds should }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15936121\charrsid6444066 only}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15936121  be allowed if the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16257809 petitioner can establish that:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15936121\charrsid15936121 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid15936121\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15936121\charrsid2433880 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15936121\charrsid2433880 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls17\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15936121\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15936121\charrsid2433880 
there are sufficient evidentiary record to resolve the issue;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2433880\charrsid2433880 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2433880\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2433880\charrsid2433880 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls17\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15936121\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809 it is not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15936121\charrsid2433880  an instance in which the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10768437 petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15936121\charrsid2433880 
 for tactical reasons failed to raise the issue at trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2433880\charrsid2433880  and/or the appellate court below}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15936121\charrsid2433880 
, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2433880 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15936121 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2433880\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2433880\charrsid2433880 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2433880 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 (c)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls17\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15936121\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2433880 the significance of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809 new }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2433880 grounds on the speci}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10768437 
al leave criteria is compelling making it a most exceptional case to grant leave.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2433880 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16257809\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809\charrsid16257809 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16257809\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809 (When I say }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid16257809\charrsid13529888 special leave criteria}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809  I mean the threshold identified in s. 7(2) of the SCA)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809\charrsid2433880 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2433880\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid15936121\charrsid15936121 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12781441\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 90.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid6444066\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12781441\charrsid15935799 
There is no doubt that the full records were available in the Supreme Court to address the new i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6444066 ssues raised by the petitioner. However what is unacceptable is the petitioner\rquote s excuse }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12781441\charrsid6444066 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7617210\charrsid6444066  his counsel did not raise proper grounds of appeal before the Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12781441\charrsid6444066 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7617210\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid7617210\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 91.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11736157\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 
The Legal Aid Commission was acting for this petitioner and it was his duty to full}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 
 instruct the counsel. At the trial or the Court of Appeal, if the petitioner felt that he was not properly represented and that the counsel did not argue the case as instructed, he should have raised the matter in the Court of Appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid7617210\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4927589\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 92.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11736157\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 
It is habitual in this Court for people to accuse their lawyers of not having argued their case properly. This is a matter between the client and the counsel who is not in Court to address the allegations made. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid6444066 In absence of any evidence on the incompetence of a counsel, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 
he Court cannot lay the blame on the counsel to allow new issues to be argued on appeal. The parties are bound by how their lawyers present their case. If this rule was not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13529888 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 be applied seriously, ever}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 
 litigant will }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799 then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 require the court to reopen new arguments.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4927589\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 93.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11736157\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 
The petitioner did not handle his matter with any tact if he is blaming his counsel for not arguing his appeal properly. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6444066 I reiterate that the petitioner could have informed the Court that hi}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12663564 s counsel refuses to argue his c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6444066 ase as instructed and that he personally wished to address the Court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 The reason that he provides is unacceptable and improper to introduce new issues on appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4927589\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 94.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11736157\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799 I must say that if the petitioner felt that these ground}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6444066 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12663564 were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5383614 of any importance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5383614 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2433880 ffect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5383614  his conviction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799 , }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6444066 he would have raised it in the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799 ourt below.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2433880 
 He would not wait until he is provided leave by Supreme Court to argue the matter.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799  He deliberately did not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13529888 
do so }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799 as these grounds do not hold any substance and were not considered worthy to be raised.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid13529888 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13529888\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13529888\charrsid13529888 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2433880 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 95.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11736157\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2433880 The grounds }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6444066 are}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12663564  also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6444066  not compelling on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2433880  the special leave criteria.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6444066  I should not examine the grounds in any details save to make some observations.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2433880  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid11042706\charrsid15935799 On the issue of the inconsistency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2433880 , the petitioner fails to identify the inconsistences in the prosecution evidence. The ground lacks clarify.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11042706\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12663564\charrsid12663564 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12663564\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12663564\charrsid12663564 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2433880 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 96.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid12663564\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2433880 Further,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid11736157\charrsid15935799  the assessors were adequately directed that it was a matter for them on whose evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799  they accepted. They }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11736157\charrsid15935799 heard all the witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799 
 and if there were any inconsistencies they would have heard it too. After hearing the evidence they unanimously found the petitioner guilty. This indicates that the assessors accepted the evidence of the prosecution witnesses and also }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6444066 believed that the petitioner had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799  voluntarily made the confession and that the same was true and made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11736157\charrsid15935799  without any compulsion on the petitioner from the police.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6254326\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2433880\charrsid12663564 The trial judge was obviously of the same view}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16257809\charrsid12663564 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid12663564\charrsid12663564 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12663564\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12663564\charrsid12663564 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid96221\charrsid12663564 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 97.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid12663564\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid96221\charrsid12663564 
The Supreme Court cannot substitute its own views on what findings of fact the assessors and the trial judge ought to have made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6444066\charrsid12663564  unless a completely wrong assessment was made}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid96221\charrsid12663564 . It was open to the assessors and the judge to arrive at the conclusion they did and there is no basis on which the finding of fact can be disturbed by this Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid12663564 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4927589\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4927589\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12663564 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 98.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11042706\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12663564 This}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid6254326\charrsid15935799  case did not depend on identification of the accused or the forensic report. It depended on the caution interview and there was no need for directions on identification. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11042706\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11042706\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11042706\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11042706\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 99.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11042706\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11042706\charrsid15935799 The prosecution\rquote 
s case largely depended on the caution interview and in that the petitioner had admitted that he and TBS had planned to kill the taxi driver. The idea was generated by TBS and both executed the plan. In view of that admiss}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799 ion, the trial judge correctly g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11042706\charrsid15935799 ave directions on joint enterprise and left it to the assessors to}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9308783\charrsid15935799  find whether the two acted jointly to kill Mohammed Nasir. There is no deficiency or inadequacies in the directions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid11042706\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13580610\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12264584 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid12264584 General Remarks
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid96221\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 100.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11042706\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid96221\charrsid15935799 Before I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 go any further I must say }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16257809 that the trial judge had 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 asked the parties if they needed any re-directions in the matter
. The parties did not seek any re-directions on the grounds they allege that the directions were inadequate. Was this done for a deliberate reason to find a ground of appeal? If that is so, the appellate courts approach must be stringent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13580610\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 101.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11042706\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
Litigants must not wait for trial judges to make mistakes to find a point of appeal. The transparent nature of litigation requires that the trial judge be given an opportunity to correct any errors made. If the trial judge has asked parties to seek re-dir
ections and they do not and subsequently raise the issue in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5383614 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6444066 appellate C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 ourt then in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5383614 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
absence of any cogent reason, it should be held against that party as having employed a deliberate tactic to find an appeal point.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13580610\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 102.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11042706\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
The petitioner has not given any reasons why any re-directions were not sought. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid332143\charrsid15935799 His}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
 complaint now to this Court that he will suffer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5383614 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 miscarriage of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809  justice is therefore unacceptable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13580610\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12264584 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2123843\charrsid12264584 Special Leave to Appeal
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2123843\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 103.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13003477\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2123843\charrsid15935799 Although I have decided that the question of extension of time for raising the appeal is not justified on the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6254326\charrsid15935799 
 consideration of the factors, i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11042706\charrsid15935799 t is proper that I address whether any one of the grounds raised me}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid11480685\charrsid15935799 ets the statutory threshold to be granted special leave.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1450980\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2123843\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2123843\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2123843\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 104.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2123843\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2123843\charrsid15935799 S. 7(2) of the SCA states that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6254326\charrsid16257809 \'93in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid2123843\charrsid16257809 
 relation to a criminal matter, the Supreme Court must not grant special leave to appeal unless a question of general importance is involved; a substantial question of principle affecting the administration of criminal justice is involved; or substantial 
or grave injustice may otherwise occur\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid2123843\charrsid15935799 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid11480685\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11480685\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 105.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2123843\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 various grounds raised in t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid332143\charrsid15935799 his Court do}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
 not raise any questions of general importance or any substantial question of principle affecting the administration of criminal justice. The grounds r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16257809 aised in the Court of Appeal}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799  do not have any merits. Even the new grounds do not have any merits. As a result no injustice will occur if those grounds are not permitted to be argued in this Court.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3031677\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 106.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid2123843\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 The petition for special leave must be dismissed.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid12604220\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid792019\charrsid12663564 ORDERS OF THE COURT
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid792019\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5334385\charrsid15935799 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 107.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid3031677\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 The orders of the Court are:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1311402\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1080\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid3031677\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 (1). 
\tab The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799  for extension of time to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6254326\charrsid15935799  is dismissed.
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1080\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid6254326\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6254326\charrsid15935799 (2).
\tab The application to amend and argue new grounds of appeal is dismissed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6254326\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid12592079\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid6254326\charrsid15935799 (3}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 ).     The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 petition for special leave is dismissed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li5040\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid792019 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13580610\charrsid15935799 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li5040\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid16257809 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 \'85\'85\'85.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 Hon. Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2040636\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 
Suresh Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid3031677\charrsid752558 Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid2040636\charrsid752558  of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid792019\charrsid752558 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16257809 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809\charrsid752558 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi720\li4320\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid16257809 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 
.....................................................}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid332143\charrsid15935799 ..}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 Hon. Madam Justice C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid752558 handra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799  Ekanayake
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li5040\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid16257809 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid3031677\charrsid752558 Justice of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li5040\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid792019 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16257809 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi720\li4320\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid16257809 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid3031677\charrsid15935799 \'85\'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid16257809 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 Hon.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2040636\charrsid15935799  Madam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 
 Justice Anjala}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9188599\charrsid15935799  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 Wati}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\insrsid792019\charrsid15935799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li5040\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid16257809 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid2040636\charrsid752558 Justice of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid792019\charrsid752558 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li5040\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid4873362 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f40\fs23\uld\insrsid792019 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16257809 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f40\fs23\ul\insrsid752558 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f40\fs23\ul\insrsid16257809\charrsid16257809 Solicitors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f40\fs23\ul\insrsid16257809 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f40\fs23\insrsid16257809\charrsid16257809 \hich\af40\dbch\af31506\loch\f40 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\ilvl3\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid16257809\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f40\fs23\insrsid16257809\charrsid16257809 Petitioner in Person}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f40\fs23\insrsid16257809 .
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f40\fs23\insrsid16257809 \hich\af40\dbch\af31506\loch\f40 2.\tab}Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f40\fs23\insrsid16257809\charrsid16257809 
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