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{\f344\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f345\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}
{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}
{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE{\*\falt Calibri};}
{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr{\*\falt Calibri};}{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek{\*\falt Calibri};}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur{\*\falt Calibri};}
{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic{\*\falt Calibri};}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese){\*\falt Calibri};}
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{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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\asianbrkrule\rsidroot6979560\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit\utinl \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 2450}\ilfomacatclnup0{\*\ftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11933598 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14832677 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11933598 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14832677 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11933598 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14832677 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11933598 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14832677 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14960486\sftnbj {\footerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14832677 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid11142181 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 27}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp5129\insrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14832677\charrsid3232181 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14832677 
\par }}{\footerf \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qr \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14832677 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37  PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid14832677 \hich\af37\dbch\af37\loch\f37 1}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14832677 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 AT SUVA
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION]
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Criminal Petition No.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5011328\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 CAV 21 of 2015
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (Criminal Appeal No. AAU 83}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5011328\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 012)
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 BETWEEN:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 SURESH CHANDRA
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 PETITIONER
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 THE STATE
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 RESPONDENT
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 CORAM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9527791\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14960486\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon. Mr. Justice Saleem Marsoof\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Justice of the Supreme Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9527791\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14960486\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Mr. Justice Brian Keith, 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Justice of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid5011328\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9527791\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14960486\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on. Mr. Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10894903\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Priyasath}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Gerard Dep, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14960486\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Justice of the Supreme Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 COUNSEL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10364761\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr. H. Nagin for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr. M. Delaney for the Respondent
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Date of\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8 October 2015
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Date of Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7372413\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 10 December 2015}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8085418\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 JUDGMENT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3176152\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  OF COURT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8085418\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13385726\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Saleem }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10183237\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Marsoof}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11302341\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6979560\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  J
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10183237\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8138811\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12677171\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8138811\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4599667\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 had the advantage of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8138811\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 read}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4599667\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8138811\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in draft the two following judgments of Dep J and Keith J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6291729\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  In view of the several important issues in regard to wh\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ich my two honourable colleagues are in disagreement, I wish to set out in some detail my own reasoning and conclusions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6291729\charrsid14832677 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [2]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12677171\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6291729\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In doing so, I do not wish to repeat all the material facts of the case which have been dealt with in detail }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16515406\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in the other two jud\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 gments. However, I shall touch on the facts which I consider important for my own reasoning.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6291729\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11231603\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11231603\charrsid14832677 [3]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12677171\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1986144\charrsid14832677 Around mid-night on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12283584\charrsid14832677 Saturday, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1986144\charrsid14832677 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11231603\charrsid14832677 5th January 2011, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 the petitioner Suresh Chandra, found }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11231603\charrsid14832677 Farzana Begum, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 dying or dead }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11231603\charrsid14832677 with one end of a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11231603\charrsid14832677 sulu}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11231603\charrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 (a typically Fijian dress) }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11231603\charrsid14832677 tied to her neck and the other to a rafter on the roof }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1986144\charrsid14832677 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11956897\charrsid14832677 her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1986144\charrsid14832677 flat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 
 situated at Dilo Street, Nakasi, The petitioner was tried and convicted for murder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13442656\charrsid14832677 
 and sentenced to a term of life imprisonment with a minimum term of 18 years in prison}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 , and the Court of Appeal affirmed his conviction}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13442656\charrsid14832677  and sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 
\par [4]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12677171\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8457805\charrsid14832677 Mr. Nagin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 
, who appeared for the petitioner at the hearing of this appeal, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8457805\charrsid14832677 has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 strenuously contended that there were grave doubts as to whether this was a case of suicide as opposed to homicide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 , despite the Court of Appeal stating in paragraph 4 of its impugned judgment that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 the cause of death was never an issue at the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 .
\par 
\par [5]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12677171\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11486141\charrsid14832677 t is noteworthy that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 in the post-mortem report}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677  tendered in evidence by Dr. Gupta}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677  marked Exhibit P.4, the cause of death of Farzana Begum is stated to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 asphyxia due to or as a consequence of strangulation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677 
. The said report was issued by Dr. Goundar, who performed the autopsy, but who for some inexplicable reason did not testify at the trial. In the said report, Dr. Goundar did not express any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 opinion as to whether the strangulation was the result of suicide or homicide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11486141\charrsid14832677 , nor did his report advert to any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 
particulars of morbid or other significant conditions contributing to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11486141\charrsid14832677 her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 death}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11486141\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 The absence of any photograph showing the deceased neck, and Dr. Gupta}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 
s admission that in cases of hanging, constricting force on ligature will depend on the weight of the deceased, add to the inconclusive nature of the post-mortem report and the testimony of Dr. Gupta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11486141\charrsid14832677  who was called as an expert to speak on the report}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11486141\charrsid14832677 [6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12677171\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 The term }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 strangulation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677  as used in the post-mortem report is itself neutral as to its cause, and has been defined in the Webster}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 the state of being strangled or strangulated; especially:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677 
excessive or pathological constriction or compression of a bodily tube that interrupts its ability to act as a passage.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10976498\charrsid14832677  In its ordinary meaning, the word is used to refer to both homicidal and suicidal strangulation.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12677171\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16515406\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12677171\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11486141\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Even if the post-mortem re\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 port is taken to be evidence of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  homicide as did the trial judge and the Court of Appeal, I}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236487\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  share with Keith J the concern that the contents of the post-mortem report marked Exhibit P.4 might be inadmissible hearsay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16725806\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236487\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7676581\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 since}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236487\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Dr. Goundar, who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236487\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 performed the aut\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 opsy }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and issued the report was not called}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5128801\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to give evidence in the case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15236487\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5128801\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5128801\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12677171\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9266425\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The report does not come within the scope of section 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15236487\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9266425\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of the Evidence Act, Cap 41 (Ed 1978) as it was not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9266425\charrsid14832677 a record relating to any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9266425\charrsid14832677 trade or business}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9266425\charrsid14832677  within the meaning of tha
t Act, and in any event, there was nothing on record that would establish any of the circumstances such as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16058955\charrsid14832677 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9266425\charrsid14832677 death}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16058955\charrsid14832677  or unavailability of the maker}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9266425\charrsid14832677  set out in paragraph (b) of that section to justify the admission of the report.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5128801\charrsid14832677  Hence, on the reasoning of the House of Lords in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5128801\charrsid14832677 Myers v DPP }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\f0\fs24\insrsid5128801\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1964] 2 All ER 881 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5128801\charrsid14832677 
and the Court of Appeal of England in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5128801\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 R v. Patel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5128801\charrsid14832677 ,\~
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1981] 3 All ER 94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4156904\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , both decisions which were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1191001\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  based on legislation then in force in England which are similar to section 4 of the Evidence Act of Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5128801\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5128801\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the contents of the said report would have been inadmissible hearsay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9266425\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677 [9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9266425\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12677171\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9266425\charrsid14832677 Of course, it is clear from the record that though the post-mortem report was not one of the Agreed Facts, it was admitted in evidence by agreement of Counsel at the time when Dr. 
Gupta was called to testify. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7676581\charrsid14832677 
There is nothing to show that it was agreed to admit the contents of the report, and the tenor of the cross examination of Dr. Gupta would suggest otherwise. Dr. Gupta stated that she was giving evidence only on the report, and
 that the best person to testify on the contents of the report was Dr. Goundar himself. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3877655\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7676581\charrsid14832677 
\par [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677 10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11432422\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3152706\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11432422\charrsid14832677 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11432422\charrsid14832677 Subramaniam v The Public Prosecutor }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11432422\charrsid14832677 [1956] WLR 965, the Privy Council stressed that a statement or document made by a person who is not called to give evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11290673\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11432422\charrsid14832677 
 may or may not be hearsay depending on the purpose for which such statement or document is sought to be used. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13378980\charrsid14832677 
As the Privy Council observed at page 970 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11290673\charrsid14832677 of its opinion,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13378980\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11432422\charrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11432422\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
It is hearsay and inadmissible when the object of the evidence is to establish th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e truth of what is contained in the statement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11432422\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  It is not hearsay and is admissible when it is proposed to establish by the evidence, not the truth of the statement, but that it was made.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13378980\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13378980\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13378980\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9266425\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9266425\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677 [11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13378980\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3152706\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13378980\charrsid14832677 It is therefore unfortunate that the learned trial judge in his summing up, did not explain to the assessors this vital distinction, and allowed the assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1191001\charrsid14832677  and himself}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13378980\charrsid14832677 
 to be guided by the testimony of Dr. Gupta, who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16725806\charrsid14832677 when giving evidence, r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16058955\charrsid14832677 elied on the contents of the post-mortem report }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16725806\charrsid14832677 marked }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13378980\charrsid14832677 Exhibit P.4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16725806\charrsid14832677 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16058955\charrsid14832677 which was hearsay.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3877655\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677 12}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3877655\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3152706\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13047981\charrsid14832677 
Another witness who referred to contents of the post-mortem report was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3877655\charrsid14832677 PC 3660 Gasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10832846\charrsid14832677 . He}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3877655\charrsid14832677 
 was the first police officer to arrive at the residence of Farzana on being informed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4406084\charrsid14832677 about her death. Towards the tail end of his }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3877655\charrsid14832677 testimony at the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10318138\charrsid14832677 
, he mentions that the police regarded this as a case of homicide after receiving the post-mortem report}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10832846\charrsid14832677 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10318138\charrsid14832677 and his testimony based on the contents of the post-mortem report }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4406084\charrsid14832677 
is clearly hearsay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13047981\charrsid14832677 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10832846\charrsid14832677 
I quote below h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13047981\charrsid14832677 is testimony}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10832846\charrsid14832677 
, italicising what}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10318138\charrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 
is clearly hearsay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3877655\charrsid14832677 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16058955\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 Found a driver to go to scene. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3877655\charrsid14832677 Arrived there. I was briefed by Suresh the complainant he sitting on settee. He said already CPR and water and I checked her pulse. None. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 Then I asked why not remove deceased from rafter. He said when he first saw her she still alive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13047981\charrsid14832677 . T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 
hat is why he removed her and did CPR. I did initial life signs check. I saw }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 sulu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677  hanging from rafter. Left body and notified senior officers. Put deceased in body bag and collected exhibits including }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 sulu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 . Corporal sai
d she was hanging but when I got there she on the floor. This looks like the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 sulu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677  I took. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 
This was no longer a suicide after post-mortem. Pathologist said marks on the neck. Conclusion that she had been strangled. That changed our mind from being suicide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12064302\charrsid14832677 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3877655\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10832846\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15480466\charrsid14832677 [13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10510884\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10843876\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10832846\charrsid14832677 Not only did the trial judge fail to warn the assessors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 
that witness Gasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 
s reference to the post-mortem report and his understanding of what the pathologist Dr. Goundar had concluded might be hearsay, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10832846\charrsid14832677 
he caused even greater prejudice to the petitioner in his summing up, where he stated:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5794110\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 24]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 
PC Gasio was the Policeman who arrived at the scene. He had received a report of suicide. When he got there he was briefed by Suresh who said that he had applied CPR. She had been hanging fr
om the roof rafter but he had got her down because he had seen that she was still alive. When the PC arrived she was lying on the floor and he saw a sulu hanging from the rafter. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 After the post mortem, PC says the Police know it was not suicide but homicide because she had been strangled}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 ) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8457805\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13002683\charrsid14832677 [14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8457805\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9633865\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 It is noteworthy that e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8457805\charrsid14832677 
xcept for the evidence of David Sunil Singh, which will be dealt with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15142294\charrsid14832677 in the succeeding paragraphs of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8457805\charrsid14832677 this judgment, the circumstantial evidence in the case as a whole was s
uggestive of suicide rather than homicide. On the evening of 15th January 2011, Farzana had called her parents in desperation, and had thereafter been crying in the darkness of her room and did not talk to either David Sunil Singh or Steven Sachin Singh e
xcept for telling David that she does not want to talk as she is upset and will do something to herself. Moments later, the petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 
Suresh Chandra, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8457805\charrsid14832677 found Farzana dead or dying with one end of a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8457805\charrsid14832677 sulu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8457805\charrsid14832677  tied to her neck and the other to a rafter on the roof}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677  of her flat, calls David and Steven for help and gets down an ambulance and the police to the flat.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8457805\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13002683\charrsid14832677 [15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7414738\charrsid14832677 \tab T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 he only witness to testify at the trial that the petitioner Suresh Chandra strangled Farzana Begum to death is David Sunil Singh, who was Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 s 
landlord and lived upstairs with his family including his brother Steven Sachin Singh. David stated as follows in his evidence:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 \'85.Heard a thump in Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 
s flat. I looked down through the hole and saw Suresh was there in her flat. She fell down, then
 found Suresh holding her neck. They used to fight a lot and he used to hold her neck. Saw him punch her. She fell down. He on top of her holding neck and her mouth. She was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid66070\charrsid14832677 moving. I didn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid66070\charrsid14832677 t do anything\'85.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1837946\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9451941\charrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13002683\charrsid14832677 [16}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 ] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16666465\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11819192\charrsid14832677 Whether there was sufficient light for David to have seen what transpired in the flat below is the question that arises in the context that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3945161\charrsid14832677 David}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid66070\charrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10452863\charrsid14832677 had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4221834\charrsid14832677 stated to police }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3369623\charrsid14832677 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4221834\charrsid14832677 the course of his caution interview conducted on}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3369623\charrsid14832677  18th January 2011 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11819192\charrsid14832677 that when he }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3369623\charrsid14832677 looked through the hole he could not see anything as it was very dark}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11819192\charrsid14832677 . D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3945161\charrsid14832677 avid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3945161\charrsid14832677 s brother, Steven Sachin Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10452863\charrsid14832677  also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11819192\charrsid14832677 stated in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4221834\charrsid14832677 his testimony at the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11819192\charrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3945161\charrsid14832677 that he had Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3945161\charrsid14832677 s lighter with him, and that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11819192\charrsid14832677 when }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10770419\charrsid14832677 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3945161\charrsid14832677 petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4221834\charrsid14832677 Suresh }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3945161\charrsid14832677 told him that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3945161\charrsid14832677 she wants it to light the light below}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3945161\charrsid14832677 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11819192\charrsid14832677 he r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3945161\charrsid14832677 an down and knock}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10452863\charrsid14832677 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10770419\charrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3945161\charrsid14832677 at Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3945161\charrsid14832677 s door}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10770419\charrsid14832677 
, but she would not open the door or take the lighter as she was crying and angry. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3742862\charrsid14832677 Kamlesh Sami, who occupied the other ground floor flat}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11819192\charrsid14832677 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3742862\charrsid14832677 has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11819192\charrsid14832677 testified that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7682794\charrsid14832677 when the petitioner Suresh called }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7682794\charrsid14832677 David! David!}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7682794\charrsid14832677  he followed David }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4221834\charrsid14832677 to Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4221834\charrsid14832677 s flat, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7682794\charrsid14832677 and since it was very dark}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10646130\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7682794\charrsid14832677  he used his phone}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7682794\charrsid14832677 s light and saw the petitioner applying first aid and trying to revive }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3742862\charrsid14832677 Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7682794\charrsid14832677 . Then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3742862\charrsid14832677 he went to his room to get a light bulb.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4221834\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11935561\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13002683\charrsid14832677 [17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4221834\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16666465\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8918913\charrsid14832677 Under cross-examination, David stated that he could not recall the pet
itioner trying to resuscitate Farzana mouth to mouth, though he had said so in his caution interview, which was confirmed by Kamlesh Sami in his testimony in court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4221834\charrsid14832677 Another factor that seriously undermined David}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4221834\charrsid14832677 s testimony is that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid657337\charrsid14832677  having made three previo
us statements to the police in which he mentioned nothing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13002683\charrsid14832677  about any killing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6307654\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid657337\charrsid14832677 
 it was only in his fourth statement made to the police on 22nd January 2011 that he for the first time came }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15213818\charrsid14832677 out }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid657337\charrsid14832677 with the account which he repeated in his testimony in court that he saw}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6307654\charrsid14832677  the petitioner Suresh strangle Farzana to death. His explanation for not disclosing this vital information to the police earlier}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15213818\charrsid14832677  and pretending that Farzana had committed suicide }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6307654\charrsid14832677 
was that he was scared for his life. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10184165\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13002683\charrsid14832677 [18}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10184165\charrsid14832677 ] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16666465\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15213818\charrsid14832677 The prosecution did not le
ad any evidence at the trial regarding the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15213818\charrsid14832677 s disposition to show that the petitioner was a dangerous criminal to be afraid of, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13002683\charrsid14832677 it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15213818\charrsid14832677  was plain was that David changed his story }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6307654\charrsid14832677 when the police discovered that David had sold Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6307654\charrsid14832677 s jewellery to one Prakash at Nausori}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7345792\charrsid14832677  days after Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7345792\charrsid14832677 s death}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6307654\charrsid14832677 , and confronted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7345792\charrsid14832677 David with this material discovery}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15213818\charrsid14832677 . At first}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7345792\charrsid14832677 , he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15213818\charrsid14832677 told the police }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7345792\charrsid14832677 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15213818\charrsid14832677  the jewellery was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7345792\charrsid14832677 given to him by Aunt, which he later corrected to Cousin, and testified at the trial that Farzana had given the jewellery three weeks before she died for }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7345792\charrsid14832677 rent and for food}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7345792\charrsid14832677 . 
\par 
\par [1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13002683\charrsid14832677 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7345792\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16666465\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 In all the circumstances of this case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5592904\charrsid14832677 I am of the opinion that th}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 e prosecution failed to establish beyond reasonable doubt on the basis of admissible evidence that Farzana did not hang herself to death}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10181433\charrsid14832677  and she was murdered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 . }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11224449\charrsid14832677 The post-mortem report was inconclusive as to the cause of Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11224449\charrsid14832677 s death, and its contents were inadmissible hearsay. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9702143\charrsid14832677 I regret that I cannot agree with Keith J that Dr. Gupta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9702143\charrsid14832677 s evidence was unchallenged, and in any event, her testimony }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11224449\charrsid14832677 was entirely based on the hearsay contents of the post-mortem report}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9702143\charrsid14832677 
 prepared by Dr. Goundar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11224449\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9702143\charrsid14832677 
 who was not called as a witness. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2172355\charrsid14832677 Nor can I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 agree with the observation of the Court of Appeal in paragraph }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6824451\charrsid14832677 [}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6824451\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677  of its judgment that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 the cause of death was never an issue at the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 
. In a trial for murder, it is for the prosecution to establish every ingredient of the offence beyond reasonable doubt, and just as the accused may remain silent, he is not expected to put in issue an
y of the ingredients of the offence which the prosecution has to establish by evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6817358\charrsid14832677 , including the cause of death}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15420347\charrsid14832677 . 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13444612\charrsid14832677  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11539539\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9702143\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10181608\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16666465\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9702143\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I am also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2172355\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
of the considered opinion that the prosecution failed to establish the guilt of the petitioner beyond reasonable doubt\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10910438\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
I agree with Dep J that this application for leave to appeal gives rise to several }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2172355\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 substantial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10910438\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 questions of general legal importance which affect the administration of criminal justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5453429\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2172355\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 if leave to appeal is not granted to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5453429\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7879085\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5453429\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  su}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10910438\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 bstantial\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  or grave injustice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2172355\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 might result. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3830459\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [21]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16666465\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2172355\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Furthermore, I am of the opinion that the learned trial judge failed to direct }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2294227\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the assessors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2172355\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and himself in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1865973\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 regard to the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2172355\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  hearsay content of the post-mortem report marked Exhibit P.4, and agree with Dep J that the 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 learned trial judge did}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1865973\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2172355\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 not direct the assessors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3372175\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 carefully and in detail with regard to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2294227\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 inconsistencies and omissions in the evidence of David Sunil Singh, Kamlesh Sami and Steven Sachin Singh, who were prime prosecution witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3372175\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3830459\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In this context, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  following observation of Lord Hailsham in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
R v Lawrence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1982] AC 510, 519 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid855087\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
concerning }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a trial judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s function in addressing the jury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3830459\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  may be }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 equally }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3830459\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 relevant }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3830459\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 trial judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 summing up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3830459\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the case to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3830459\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  assisting the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 -
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A direction to a jur
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 y }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3830459\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
should be custom built to make the jury [as much as the assessors] understand their task in relation to a particular case. Of course it must include references to the burden of proof and the respective roles of jury and judge. But it should also include 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
a succinct but accurate summary of the issues of fact as to which a decision is required, a correct but concise summary of the evidence and arguments on both sides and a correct statement of the inferences which the jury [or assessors] are entitled to dra
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 w\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  from their particular conclusions about the primary facts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13780567\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442656\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3372175\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid855087\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3372175\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16396616\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6817358\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is noteworthy that at the end of the trial in this case the assessors were divided 2-1 in regard to the guilt of the petitioner Suresh Chandra, and the trial judge agreed with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8086002\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the majo\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rity of the assessors in a very brief judgment. The question that arises in this context is whether the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11552404\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8086002\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 trial judge e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2294227\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8086002\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2294227\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in law by failing to make an independent assessment of the evidence before }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8086002\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
agreeing with the majority of the assessors, and th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e Court of Appeal erred in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2294227\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
affirming a verdict which was unsafe, unsatisfactory and unsupported by evidence, giving rise to a grave miscarriage of justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8086002\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2294227\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8086002\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid855087\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8086002\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9860658\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11552404\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This aspect of the matter has been carefully examined by Dep J }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14112494\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in his judgment, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11552404\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and I agree \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 with his opinion that the learned trial judge as well as the Court of Appeal had erred in this regard. However, in view of}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13002683\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  some confusion that has surfaced }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14112494\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
by reason of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6824451\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 paragraphs [23]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid338783\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and [24]}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6824451\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13002683\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13984111\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 impugned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13002683\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 judgment of the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13984111\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  as to the rati\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o of the decision of this Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11945783\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Praveen }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13984111\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Ram v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13984111\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11945783\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [2012] FJSC 12; CAV0001.2011 (9 May 2012)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12858173\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , I consider it useful to clarify what was decided by this Court in that case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11095338\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  In this case, the a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14112494\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ccused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442656\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14112494\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 found guilty of murder by the assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9904531\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  who were un\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 animous in their opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13442656\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14112494\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and the trial judge agreeing with their opinion convicted the accused and imposed a life sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13442656\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  without fixing a minimum term. The conviction and sentence was affirmed by the Court of Appeal, but on appeal to this Court, the con\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
viction was set aside on the basis that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9904531\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Court of Appeal had failed to make an independent assessment of the evidence before affirming the verdict of the High Court which was found to be unsafe, unsatisfactory and unsupported by the evidence, giving ris\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
e to a miscarriage of justice.
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [24]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9860658\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9904531\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In arriving at its decision, this Court examined in paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1799765\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9904531\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  [79]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1799765\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and [80]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9904531\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of its judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5202103\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
the difference between the jury system and the system of trial with assessors that prevails in Fiji, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958835\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and concluded that in t
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 erms of section 299(2) of the Criminal Procedure Code, Cap 21, which was in force at the time of the High Court trial in 2008, as well as under section 237 of the Criminal Procedure Decree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1799765\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6958835\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  which is currently in force, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1799765\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the trial judge was required to make \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
an independent assessment of the evidence to be satisfied that the verdict of court is supported by the evidence and is not perverse. This Court also noted that if the trial judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1799765\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 disagrees }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1799765\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 with the unanimous or majority opinion of the assessors, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1799765\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he shall\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 give his reasons, which shall be written down and be pronounced in open court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16608742\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid338783\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This Court was here simply setting out the requirements of the statutory law currently in fo}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14615272\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rce. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10622853\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid10622853\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Praveen Ram}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10622853\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , this Court did not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid338783\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , and did not have to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3347277\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in the circumstances o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
f that case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid338783\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10622853\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 express any view in regard to whether reasons have to be provided by the trial judge for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10622853\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 agreeing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10622853\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 with the opinion of the assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid338783\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14615272\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [25]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9860658\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid338783\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The confusion that surfaces in paragraphs [23] and [24] of the impugned judgment of the Court of Appea\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 l }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11995733\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 arises from a failure to distinguish between (1) the requirement of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11995733\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
making an independent assessment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11995733\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the evidence; and (2) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11995733\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 giving reasons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11995733\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  for disagreeing with the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11995733\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 opinion of the assessors. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8129497\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11995733\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 every case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8129497\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 where a judge tries a case with assessors, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3347277\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the l\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
aw requires the trial judge to make an independent evaluation of the evidence so that he can decide whether to agree or disagree with the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8129497\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 opinion of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3347277\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  assessors. The judge is duty bound to make such an evaluation as the decision ultimately is his, and no
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t that of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8129497\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  assessors, unlike in a trial by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3347277\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  jury. Once the trial judge makes such an evaluation and decides }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3347277\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to agree}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3347277\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  with the assessors, he is not required }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8129497\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 by law }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3347277\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to give reasons, but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8129497\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he must give his reasons }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8129497\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for disagreeing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8129497\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  with the assessors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14570199\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14615272\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 However, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14570199\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
as was observed by this Court in paragraph [32] of its judgement in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14570199\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mohammed v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14570199\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  [2014] FJSC 2; CAV02.2013 (27 February 2014)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14615272\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14615272\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14570199\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n appellate court will be greatly assisted if a written judgment setting out the evidence upon which the judge relies when h\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
e agrees with the opinions of the assessors is delivered. This should become the practice in all trials in the High Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14570199\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14615272\charrsid14832677 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [26]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9860658\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14615272\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Applying then the reasoning of this Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14615272\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Praveen Ram v State}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14615272\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14615272\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 supra,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14615272\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to the facts and circumstances of this case, I am of\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the opinion }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8333138\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5393450\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
for the reasons set out in this judgement, the trial judge had failed to make an independent assessment of the evidence in agreeing with the opinion of the majority of the assessors that the petitioner was guilty of murder, and the Court 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of Appeal in turn had failed to make an independent assessment of the evidence in affirming the decision of the High Court. In arriving at this conclusion, I am mindful of the fact that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14947312\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14947312\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 function of the Court of Appeal or even this Court in evaluating t
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he evidence and making an independent assessment thereof, is essentially of a supervisory nature, and an appellate court will not set aside a verdict of a lower court unless the verdict is unsafe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3809242\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , unsatisfactory and unsupported by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14947312\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 totality of evidence 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in the case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14947312\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [27]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11217834\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14947312\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 For all the reasons set out in this judgement, I am of the considered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
opinion t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14947312\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hat }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5393450\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
the conviction of the petitioner for murder was unsafe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , unsatisfactory and unsupported by the totality of all}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3809242\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the evidence in this c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5393450\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5393450\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In my view, the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 re was insufficient evidence in this case for reasonable men to be satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14947312\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is was a case of homicide as opposed to suicide, and that if the former was the case, that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5393450\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 petitioner Suresh Chandra is guilty of murder.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5393450\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8333138\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14947312\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [28]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11217834\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14947312\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
I am in agreement with the reasons and conclusions of Dep J and agree specifically that the appeal should be allowed, the conviction and sentence quashed and the impugned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 judgments of the High Court and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14947312\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Court of Appeal set aside. I also agree with De\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
p J that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14947312\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he case }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 should be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14947312\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 remitted to the High Court }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for fresh trial. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13385726\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2769007\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 _________________________________}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13385726\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13385726\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon. Mr. Justice Saleem Marsoof
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 JUDGE OF THE SUPREME COURT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid13385726\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5794110\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13385726\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Brian Keith}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13385726\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [29]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11217834\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 had an opportunity to read in draft Dep J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s judgment in t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 his case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 With some reluctance, I am unable to agree with his conclusion that special leave to appeal should be given and that the appeal should be allowed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I shall explain why as briefly as I can.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I begin by setting out what seem to me to be the relevant \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
facts, and I shall then deal with the appeal under the four headings which in my opinion encapsulate the thrust of the grounds of appeal which were rather repetitious and overlapped somewhat.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I also deal in a final heading with an additional concern which \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Dep J has.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
I trust that I shall be forgiven for referring to the petitioner and the other people who form part of the narrative by their family names for convenience.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [30]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11217834\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The deceased }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was Farzana Begum.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 She lived in a shack in a squatter set\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
tlement in Nakasi. The shack had two floors. She lived downstairs, and her landlord, David Singh, lived upstairs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The petitioner, Suresh Chandra, was her boyfriend.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s case against Chandra was primarily based on Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 His evidenc
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e was that on the evening in question, 15 January 2011, Chandra had come to the shack.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Chandra and Farzana were drinking upstairs with Singh.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Chandra was getting drunk, and he and Farzana had an argument.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Singh thought that it was over her infidelity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He c\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 laimed that Chandra had punched her in the mouth and that she had then gone downstairs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Some time later, Chandra went downstairs as well.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Singh claimed that while Chandra was downstairs, he heard a thump coming from downstairs.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There was a sizeable opening\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 in the floor which enabled him to see into the part of the shack downstairs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Singh claimed that he saw Farzana on the floor with Chandra on top of her punching her, holding her by the neck and covering her mouth. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [31]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11217834\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 After }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a while, Chandra returned up\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 stairs, and he and Singh continued drinking.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 They were joined by Kamlesh Sami who also lived in the shack.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 At one stage, Singh left for the washroom, and when he returned only Sami was there.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Sami told him that Chandra had gone downstairs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Not long after t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hat, Singh heard Chandra call out for him.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He went downstairs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He saw Chandra holding Farzana.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 She was hanging from one of the rafters and had a sulu round her neck.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 According to Singh, Chandra said that when he had got downstairs Farzana had }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 tried to jum\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and he had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 tried to save her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Farzana had no pulse and the police were called.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Farzana was pronounced dead in due course.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s case was that Chandra had strangled her, and had then tried to make it look as if she had committed suicide by \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hanging herself.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12222281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 32]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11217834\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Sami also gave evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
He claimed to have been there when Chandra had hit Farzana, but he said that Chandra had slapped her on the face, and that the argument between them had been about a phone.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He did not see Farzana hanging fro\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 m the rafter.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
When he got downstairs after Chandra had called out for Singh, Farzana was lying on the floor with her clothes soaked in urine.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9962828\charrsid14832677 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [33]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16081509\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The forensic pathologist }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 who conducted the post mortem was Dr Goundar.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He did not give evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Evidence a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 bout the cause of Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s death came from another forensic pathologist, Dr Gupta.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In the light of Dr Goundar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s findings which he had set out in his post mortem report, Dr Gupta thought that the cause of Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s death was asphyxiation as a result of str\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 angulation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 She ruled out death by hanging because, according to the post mortem report, there were no ligature marks or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 furrows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s neck \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  marks which are present when a death by hanging occurs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As for Chandra himself, he did not give evidence,\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 so no positive case was advanced on his behalf.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
It looks as if his case was that the prosecution could not rule out the possibility either that Farzana had committed suicide by hanging herself despite Dr Gupta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s unchallenged evidence about the cause of de\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ath, or if strangulation had been the cause of death, that the prosecution could not exclude the possibility that it had been Singh who had strangled her.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11353846\charrsid14832677 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [34]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16081509\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s credibility as a witness was obviously one of the critical issues in the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Three \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 things in particular were said to have seriously undermined his credibility.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The first was that although he had been interviewed four times by the police, he accepted that on the first three occasions he had not mentioned that he had seen Chandra through t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he opening holding Farzana by the neck.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
He had only told the police that in the last of the four interviews.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He gave a number of reasons for not having mentioned that earlier.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He said that he had been frightened and that in any event Chandra had told him n\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ot to say anything.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The second thing which was said to have seriously undermined his credibility was that he had initially told the police that he had not been able to see through the opening what was happening downstairs because it had been too dark.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It w\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
as only when he was interviewed for the last time that he had claimed that it had been light enough for him to see what Chandra had been doing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The third thing which was said to have seriously undermined Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s credibility was another possible reason why \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he had been reluctant to tell the police exactly what he had seen.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Two days after Farzana had died, Singh sold some of her jewellery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He had not mentioned that to the police either, and he only admitted that he had done that when it was apparent to him tha\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t the police had discovered that that was what he had done.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
He claimed that Farzana had given him the jewellery before her death }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as a deposit for rent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16081509\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11353846\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The form of the trial judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11353846\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11353846\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11353846\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15533099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11353846\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16081509\charrsid14832677 \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11353846\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
majority of the assessors expressed the opinion th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 at Chandra was guilty of murder.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The trial judge agreed with the majority, but in his judgment he did not say why.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The form of his judgment is heavily criticised by Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s legal team.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 They rely on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Praveen Ram v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  [2012] FJSC 12 in which Marsoof \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 JA said at [80]:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A trial judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 s decision to differ from, or affirm, the opinion of the assessors necessarily involves an evaluation of the [entirety] of the evidence led at the trial \'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In independently assessing the evidence in the case, it is necessary
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0  for a trial judge \'85\loch\f0 \hich\f0  to be satisfied that the ultimate verdict is supported by the evidence and is not perverse \'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [36}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8139927\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16081509\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
I agree, of course, that since the trial judge is the ultimate finder of the facts, he has to evaluate the evidence for himself, and \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 come to his own conclusion on the guilt or otherwise of the defendant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In my opinion, by far the better practice is for the judge to explain in his judgment what his reasons for his verdict are, and I urge all judges to do that.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I unreservedly endorse what\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Calanchini JA said in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Sheik Mohammed v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  [2013] FJSC 2 at [32]:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 An appellate court will be greatly assisted if a written judgment setting out the evidence upon which the judge relies when he agrees with the opinions of the assessors is delivered.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
This should become the practice in all trials in the High Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [37]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16081509\charrsid14832677 \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 But }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
it is dangerous to elevate what should be best practice into a rule of law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The best practice about the form of the judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s judgment does not mean that the law compels the judg\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e to do that in every single case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
I do not think that the law requires the judge to spell out his reasons in his judgment in those cases in which (a) he agrees with the assessors (or at any rate a majority of the assessors)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (b) his evaluation of the e\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
vidence and his reasons for convicting or acquitting the defendant can readily be inferred from his summing-up to the assessors without fear of contradiction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [38}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8139927\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16081509\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The critical question, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 therefore, is whether the trial judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evaluation of the evidence\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 and his reasons for convicting Chandra can readily be inferred from his summing-up.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I think they can.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
He accepted that the cause of Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s death had been strangulation, and he believed David Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evidence about what Singh had seen Chandra do on the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
evening in question, even though Singh had left out a crucial part of that account on the first three occasions on which he was interviewed by the police, had for some time claimed that it had been too dark to see what was happening downstairs and had fai
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 l\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed to tell the police that he had been selling Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s jewellery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The absence of a warning}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [39}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8139927\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16081509\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The trial judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
criticised for not having warned the assessors about the danger of relying on the evidence of a witness who had made previous inconsistent\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  statements.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 However, this was not a case in which the witness had made previous statements inconsistent with his evidence in court.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Instead, on three of the four occasions on which he had been interviewed by the police, Singh had not mentioned having seen\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Chandra through the opening holding Farzana by the neck.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In those circumstances, the authorities relied on by the defence are not of direct relevance.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
It was a matter for the trial judge to decide whether in the particular circumstances of the case a warn\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ing of some kind was appropriate \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  perhaps that the assessors should scrutinise that part of Singh
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evidence with particular care \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 
 perhaps even that it would be dangerous for the assessors to accept that part of Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evidence unless they were sure tha\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t his explanation for not coming up with that part of his account at the time was true.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [40}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9193470\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1863061\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I accept }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that this was a crucial part of the evidence, and that the trial judge may have encouraged the assessors to minimise the significance of Singh}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s omissio\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
n by telling them that if they did not believe the evidence he gave about the jewellery, that did not necessarily mean that he had been lying about what he claimed he had seen on the evening in question.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 But the trial judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 did}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  express the view to the asse\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ssors that Singh}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evidence about how he had come to sell some of Farzana}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s jewellery was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rather unsatisfactory}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , and the assessors could, I think, have been in no doubt that they would have to scrutinise Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evidence about having seen Chandra holding\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Farzana by the neck with particular care.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
A warning to that effect did not need to have been spelt out to them.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3758356\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It would have been obvious anyway.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The cause of death}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [41}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15925611\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In para 4 of his judgment in the Court of Appeal, Basnayake JA said that the ca\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 use of death had never been an issue at the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He meant by that, I think, that the evidence of Dr Gupta about the cause of Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s death had not been challenged at the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I acknowledge that the cross-examination of Dr Gupta included questions abo\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ut the marks you might expect to see on the neck of someone who had hanged themselves.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 But it was not suggested to Dr Gupta that the absence of any marks on Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s neck was just as consistent with her having hanged herself as her having been strangled, \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
let alone more consistent with her having hanged herself than her having been strangled.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Despite the length of the submissions filed on behalf of Chandra, Basnayake JA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s statement was not challenged, even though Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s legal team }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 now}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  wish to challenge t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he cause of death.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Everything I now say on that subject is subject to that overarching point.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [42}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15925611\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The post mortem report did not refer to any marks on Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s neck apart from a superficial scratch and a contusion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Although there were no photographs of\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the neck, there was no evidence to contradict the fact that these were the only marks on her neck.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Since Dr Goundar did not give evidence, the contents of the report would have been inadmissible hearsay but for the fact that the report was admitted into t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he evidence by agreement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The record does not say whether that agreement related only to the authenticity of the report or whether the agreement was that the contents of the report could be treated as evidence of what Dr Goundar saw at the post mortem with
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 out him having to be called, but the agreement is likely to have been the latter if Dr Gupta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evidence about the cause of Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s death was not challenged at the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 That is so even if Dr Gupta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evidence about the cause of Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s death had been c\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hallenged at the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 That is because Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s case would have been, not that there were marks on Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s neck, but that the absence of marks on her neck did not mean that she had been strangled.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [43}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15925611\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The next question, then, is what conclusion coul\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d be drawn from the absence of any marks on Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s neck.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 That is where Dr Gupta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s evidence is important.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
She said that where someone dies as a result of hanging, ligature marks will be present }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 below mandible and above thyroid gland}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , so the absence of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ligature marks on Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s neck meant that her death had all the hallmarks of death by strangulation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 That was accurately summarised by the trial judge in para 26 of his summing-up.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 That evidence was not hearsay because she was just expressing her own opi
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nion on the conclusion to be drawn from the fact that there were no other marks on Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s neck.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In the light of her evidence, it was open to the judge and the assessors to conclude that death was by strangulation, not hanging. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11471923\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [44}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15925611\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The defence point \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to the fact that in another case \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 State of Madhya Pradesh v Sanjay Rai}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (Supreme Court of India, Appeal no 641 of 1998, 25 March 2004) \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 
 the evidence was that even in cases of hanging, ligature marks may be absent, and the presence of ligature marks would \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 depend on the nature of the ligature and the length of time the body was hanging for.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 But the trial judge and the assessors could only go on the evidence in }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 case, and on that topic the evidence of Dr Gupta was: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Ligature depends on weight, length of t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ime hanging}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s counsel said that that meant that that the presence or absence of ligature}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  marks}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 depended on the weight of the body and the time the body was hanging for, but it could just as easily have meant that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 extent}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the ligature marks \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
will depend on those things, ie that there will always be ligature marks in cases of hanging, though their extent will depend on the circumstances.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In these circumstances, the fact that on the times given in evidence the body may not have been hanging for \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 very long is inconclusive.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The summing-up}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [45}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9193470\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15925611\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9193470\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he summing-up is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 criticised on the basis that the trial judge did not draw the assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  attention to (a) what is said to be the unlikelihood of Chandra returning to the flat and trying to resuscitate Fa\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
rzana if he had indeed killed her, (b) the possibility that it may have been Singh who killed her as he had both the motive (to steal the jewellery) and the opportunity to do so, and (c) some of .the things which were said to undermine Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s credibility.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
But (b) was not put to Singh in cross-examination, and as for (c) the judge did remind the assessors of some of the things which were said to undermine Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s credibility.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He did not remind the assessors about (a), but the judge does not have to remind t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he assessors of all the points made on behalf of a defendant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [46}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15925611\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
So long as the summing-up covers the important parts of the evidence, the fact that the judge did not remind the assessors of everything will not amount to a successful ground of appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2847360\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The summing-up might have been more comprehensive than it was, but it was sufficient in the circumstances.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Circumstantial evidence}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9193470\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15925611\charrsid14832677 \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1385767\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I note }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
the observations made by Dep J about the judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s failure to give the assessors proper directions about how \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
they were to approach circumstantial evidence, but (a) no criticism was made of the directions he gave the assessors on the topic, and (b) those directions in my opinion were adequate.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I understand the concerns about what are said to be the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 inconsistencie\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s evidence, though I prefer to characterise them as features of the case which could have undermined his credibility in the eyes of the judge.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 But those }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 inconsistencies}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  were for the judge to resolve, and they cannot form a successful ground o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f appeal if the evidence was such that the judge, properly directing himself in law, could convict.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In my view, the evidence was such that the trial judge, properly directing himself in law, could convict Chandra of Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s murder.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 

\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7622879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [48}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15925611\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
For these reas\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ons, I would refuse Chandra special leave to appeal, but in the interests of completeness, I want to add two things.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Dep J has criticised the approach of the Court of Appeal in a number of respects.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 But we are a second-tier court, and our function is the s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ame as that of the Court of Appeal, namely to consider whether Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s trial in the High Court was fair.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 We will, of course, derive much assistance from what the Court of Appeal has to say about the trial, but whether or not the approach of the Court of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Appeal to that issue can be questioned, our focus has at all times to be on what happened in the trial at first instance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [49]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9050119\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 That leads me on to a second point.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Both the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court are appellate courts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is not for the Cou\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
rt of Appeal or the Supreme Court to substitute their view of Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s guilt or otherwise for that of the trial judge.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The function of the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court is to scrutinise Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s trial to see whether it is infected with error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is not for the Court of Appeal or the Supreme Court to allow the appeal merely because it is thought that Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s conviction was against the weight of the evidence, just as it is not for the Court of Appeal or the Supreme Court to dismiss the appeal if i\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t is thought that the weight of the evidence supported Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s conviction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Some people might say that the Court of Appeal fell into that trap, and my view that Chandra}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s appeal should not succeed does not mean that I go along with the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s a\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 pproach to the case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060941\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8929797\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2769007\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 _________________________________}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8929797\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8929797\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon. Mr. Justice Brian }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Keith}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8929797\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 JUDGE OF THE SUPREME COURT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid8929797\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Priyasath Gerard }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10183237\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Dep, J

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9067565\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [50}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3962993\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549419\charrsid14832677 
\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The State filed an information in the High Court of Fiji at Suva against }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9067565\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1311472\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suresh Chandra,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6301738\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 alleg\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ing that on 15 January 2011 at Nasinu in the Central Division,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11302341\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13187320\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 did commit the murder of Farzana Begum, an offence contrary to section 237 of the Crimes Decree 44 of 2009.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The prosecution is required to establish beyond reasonable doubt that the conduct \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of the accused caused the death of Farzana Begum and that by engaging in such conduct the accused intentionally or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  recklessly caused her death. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [51}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549419\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The case was taken up in the High Court and the assessors by a majority }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11426328\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 decision }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 found the Petitioner gu\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ilty of murder. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2970443\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Judgment}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was delivered on 5 October 2012.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2970443\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was sentenced on 8 October }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2970443\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2012 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  life imprisonment with a minimum term of 18 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13187320\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in prisons}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he Petitioner on 6 June 2014 appealed against the conviction and the sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  an\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d a single judge of the Court of Appeal granted leave. The full Court of the Court of Appeal heard the appeal and dismissed the Appeal on 28}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13187320\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  May }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15992666\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2015. The Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 has now }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15992666\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sought special l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 eave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15992666\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ppeal from th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13187320\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on the basis of several g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rounds set\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  out in the petition.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [52}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549419\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13187320\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he deceased Farzana Begum was married and separated from her husband. She ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10514249\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  a child who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10514249\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  looked after by her parents}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10514249\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
During the period relevant to this case she was living in a rented out flat belonging to David Sunil Si\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ngh who is the principal witness in this case. The flat in which she was living forms part of a building consist}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2624178\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of three flats. The up stair flat }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 occupied by David Singh, the landlord. Out of the two down stair flats one was occupied by the decease\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d and the other by Kamalesh Singh. A wooden floor separated the up stair flat from the down stair flat.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Farzana died on 15 January 2011. The Prosecution alleged that the Petitione}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10514249\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 r,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  herein after sometimes referred to as the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10514249\charrsid14832677 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  caused her death by s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
trangulation. The Petitioner alleged that Farzana committed suicide. Was she strangled to death or did she commit suicide is a l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ive issue throughout this case. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11825673\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Proceedings in the High Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3493665\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [53}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549419\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The trial commenced on 2-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10514249\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  October }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
2012 and concluded on \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5 October 2012.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2624178\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 useful}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 to refer to the evidence given in this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for the purpose of having a better understanding of th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e issues involved in this case. 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549419\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The prosecution called Nashaad Begum, the mother of Farzana as the first witness. In her \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 evidence she stated that on 15 January 2011}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10961639\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Farzana }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2970443\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 called her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2970443\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
she asked}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 her to come home. She said that she would come home on Monday. She was depressed but later she spoke properly. They conversed for about five minutes. She state}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1971744\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that Farzana was \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
a good daughter. She never threatened to commit suicide. She used to live with them happily in a good way}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8144882\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Under cross-examination she stated that the deceased wore lot of jewellery and she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2970443\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 identifies}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the jeweller}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 y shown to her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10961639\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 by the police }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 after her deat\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 h. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [55}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549419\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The prosecution thereafter called Sunil Prasad Sharma}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 husband of the previous witness and father of Farzana. He stated that in 2011 Farzana was living in Nakasi. She was a very good person. When she met people she would talk in a very friendly \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
manner. On 15th January she called home between 10 to 10.30 pm.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 She spoke to his wife on the speaker phone and she said she has a problem at the place where she is residing and he asked her to come home. She said she would come home on Sunday.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 At about 11.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16154053\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  pm}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  daughter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s landlord gave a call and wanted her son}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s mobile}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16154053\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 number}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . He asked for what purpose he requires it. He then slammed the phone. His son came home in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16154053\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 about }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 half and hour}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s time and he said something had happened to Farzana. He and his son wen
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t to Nakasi Police station.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
He saw Suresh Chandra giving a statement and everyone there said Farzana committed suicide.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He asked }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8738404\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suresh }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as to how it happened. Suresh said Farzana had hanged herself and they took her down.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He gave water to drink and gave mo\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 uth to mouth respiration.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He asked him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16154053\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 as to why}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  he took her down without calling the police. Then they went to Nausori Health Centre where her body was lying and }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he identified Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s body.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [56}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549419\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Sgt 820 Rakesh Mani}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , was the next witness. He said that\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 visited the crime scene on 18}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13069696\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 January}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2011 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 took photographs using a digital camera and downloaded }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 them}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and save}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d them}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on the hard drive. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 These p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hotographs were marked }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10575386\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as PW 2 exhibits.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [57}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549419\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The prosecution thereafter called David Suni\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 l Singh, the main witness in this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  who}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a self}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 employed person living at Dilo Street, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2970443\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Nakasi. He}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  stated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15675468\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15675468\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 On 15 January 2011 when he was at home Farzana who is living in the flats downstairs came to his flats and asked for \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a mobile to call Suresh.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
His sister in law gave her mobile phone to her. She stayed at home all day watching movies. She left at 8.30 pm to go for a massage. At about 9.30 she came back with Suresh. They came upstairs to have drinks. Usually they have thei
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 r drinks downstairs. Suresh was drunk and he was smelling of beer. Suresh gave $40 to his brother}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11302341\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (Ste}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5246680\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 phan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ) to buy beer, cigarettes and one packet of sausages. They were sitting on the porch wait}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15675468\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ng for Ste}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9177697\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 phan
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to come. After Ste}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5246680\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 phan}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  returned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 they}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 started\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  drinking again.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 That day Farzana was unhappy as she was quarrelling with Suresh. Suresh accused her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9177697\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  having several boyfriends}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and playing with him. Suresh punched her on the mouth and she went down to her flat. Suresh went to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  kitchen and Suresh as\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ked him to call Farzana. So}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 went to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
kitchen where there is a hole. He looked through the hole and called Farzana. She said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I don}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t want to talk.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
I am upset and I will do something to myself.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He went and told Suresh what she said.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suresh said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 no \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 she won}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t do anything}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . They continued to drink. David stated that day Farzana drank 2 \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  3 bottles and they drank the rest (6 bottles). When her brother came back Suresh inquired from him regarding Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s lighter and asked him to go and give it to Farza
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 na.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11691219\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Stephan}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  went down and knocked the door of Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s flat and Farzana had told him that she didn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t want to talk. He came back and returned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11691219\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he lighter to Suresh. Then S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11691219\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 tephan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  went to his room and David continued to have drinks with Suresh. He sen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Kamle\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sh to get }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15675468\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 some }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
cigarettes. Kamalesh left. When Suresh and this witness were on the porch his daughter called him and asked for milk.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He went to kitchen (They have 2 separate kitchens). He went to his kitchen and put water to boil on the stove and was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 looki\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ng for a bottle brush and went to his mother}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s room to get the milk. When he looked towards the porch there was no one sitting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5143451\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the porch. Suresh was not there. He couldn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t find the bottle brush. He went}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to the kitchen to get the brush.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He heard a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 thump}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  sound in Farzana}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s flat. He looked down through the hole and saw Suresh in her flat. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9386744\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 According to this witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 She fell down, then saw Suresh holding her neck.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 They used to fight a lot and he used to hold her neck.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Saw him punch her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
She fell down.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
n top of her holding neck and her mouth. She was moving. I didn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t do anything.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Went back to prepare the milk.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He gave her child milk and he saw}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suresh coming from outside. David was inside the kitchen for about 20 minutes making milk.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 From time to time he\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  looked towards the porch. Suresh was not there. Suresh came out in 20 \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 
 25 minutes. Then he started drinking the remaining one and half bottles.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suresh and Kamlesh both were on the porch. He went to the wash room and was in the washroom for about 10 -15 m\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 inutes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 When he came to the porch only Kamlesh was there.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Kamlesh said Suresh has gone down.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 When he was sitting on the porch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suresh called his name. He asked Kamalesh to go and see why he is calling.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He went with Kamalesh to Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s flat. He saw Suresh\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  holding Farzana from the back and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12278474\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suresh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 when I came in, Farzana tried to jump and I tried to save her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 He went inside and Suresh asked him to remove the clothes from the neck. He tried but couldn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Sulu was tied around her neck and the other end \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was tied to a rafter, he couldn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t remove it. He took off }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11363358\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he sulu from the neck. Then Suresh asked him to call an ambulance. He called the police. Police arrived in about 30 minutes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5075936\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
time. Suresh was excited \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  He was trying to see whether she is alive.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was not behaving well. They checked her pulse to see if she is alive. There was no response.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1604938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Police came and took the body to Nausori Hospital}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8855938\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5075936 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [58}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5075936\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549419\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5075936\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The prosecutions next witness was Kamlesh Sami alias Papu, the tenant of one of the flats belonging to D\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 avid.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5075936\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5075936\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He stated as follows:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5075936\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15733099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12549419\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ... ... }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15733099\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n 11 January 2011}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5075936\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  David, Suresh, Farzana and himself}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5075936\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 were drinking beer on the porch. Suresh and Farzana had an argument regarding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Farzana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s boyfriends.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9044929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Suresh said. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8855938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Fucking}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  around here and ther}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 They kept shou\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ting for about 20 minutes. Suresh gave a phone to Farzana. He slapped Farzana on the face. Farzana put the phone on table and went downstairs. Then he went to a shop to buy cigarettes. David and Suresh were still on porch. When he returned after 30 minute
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, Suresh and David came back to the porch from different directions. Suresh went down again saying that he is going to sleep. David and he remained in the porch. David went to wash room came back from the wash room and ask where Suresh is. He said that he
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 has gone down. Then Suresh called }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 David David}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5075936\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8665184\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
his was about 3-4 minutes after Suresh went down.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
David went down to see what has happened. He followed him few minutes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8665184\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  later.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  He saw Farzana lying on floor, with clothes all wet smelling of urine. He touch\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed her hand and there were no pulse. So David called }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6249138\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Police.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15149617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
He went to his room to get a light bulb. They called the Police and police arrived in thirty minutes time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [59}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14631854\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Under cross
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5075936\charrsid14832677 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 examination this witness stated that it was dark inside }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8665184\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the flat\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
and he had to use the phone light to see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6249138\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 what}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6249138\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 happened. He stated that with the light }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6249138\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 coming }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 from outside}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6249138\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8665184\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 inside of the flat could not be seen.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [60}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14631854\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5075936\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 next }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 prosecution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5075936\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 witness was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Steven}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Sachin Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2975044\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 brother of David}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He stated that S\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
uresh wanted him to return the lighter to Farzana. He went down stairs and knocked at the door. She was crying and refused to open the door. He went back }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and gave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the lighter to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suresh and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  went back to his room. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [61}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14631854\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
PC 3660 Gasio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  testified thereafter, \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  stated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 that he received information regarding a case of suicide and he visited the scene. He was briefed by Suresh, the complainant who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was sitting}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  on a settee. He said that he had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
already given}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  CPR and water and he checked her pulse. Then he asked him\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 as to why the deceased was removed from the rafter.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8651710\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Suresh
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  he first saw her she was still alive and that is why he removed her and did CPR. He did an initial life signs check. He saw }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sulu hanging from the rafter.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He notified}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  senior office\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rs. He put the deceased in a body bag and collected exhibits including }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sulu and took it to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the h}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ospital. He stated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that after}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the post mortem examination it was revealed that this is not a case of suicide.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Pathologist said that there are marks on t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he neck. The conclusion was that she had been strangled. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hat changed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 their mind}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  from considering this case as a case of suicide.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [62}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13041939\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Corporal 217 Satish Lal (PW8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
, was called next and he stated in evidence that he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  visited the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  scene of murder and at the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  station he interviewed the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 accused under}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  caution and after the interview he was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 released. He recovered jewellery from a jeweller to whom David had sold jewellery belonging }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the deceased}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  He also stated that}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Corporal Patricia Liga took photographs }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2259451\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 p\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ost mortem examination.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8855938\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [63}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1720317\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13041939\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7162880\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Thereafter, p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 athologist }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Dr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7162880\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Abha G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 upta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2259451\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16056795\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 MBBS (Path) India, MB (Path)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 who had performed more than one thousand post mortem examinations}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  gave evidence based on the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7162880\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 report submitted by Dr Dr Ramaswamy Ponnu Swamy Goundar}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  who\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 conducted the post mortem examination. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 She stated in evidence that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 cause of death was asphyxia due to strangulation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8855938\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4477281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 64}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4477281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 After leading the medical evidence the prosecution closed its case. The accused opted to remain silent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 After the summing up\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the Learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
High Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 udge, the assessors by a majority }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8855938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 opinion (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9044929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 two assessors as against one) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 expressed the opinion }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9044929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that the accused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 guilty}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9044929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of murder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4477281\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7162880\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7425017\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The judgment of the High Court Judge
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4477281\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4477281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15748751\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4477281\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The learned High Court Judge in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 his judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  da\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ted 5 October 2011 stated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7162880\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In the majority opinion of three assessors you have been found guilty of the charge. The case as prosecuted was a largely circumstantial case, and as such the circumstantial evidence against you is strong. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (3)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I agre\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e with the majority verdict of the assessors and find you guilty as charged. You are convicted accordingly. That is the judgment of the court.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15280143\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Grounds of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid807644\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [66}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15278373\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Petitioner on 6 June 2014 appealed against the conviction and sentence and a s
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ingle }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
udge of the Court of Appeal granted leave and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was taken up before the full bench. The Petitioner submitted the following five grounds of appeal:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8855938\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15280143\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The learned trial Judge has erred in law and in fact in not adequately directing/misdire\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
cting that the prosecution evidence before the court proved beyond reasonable doubt that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 when there were serious doubts in the prosecution case and as such the benefit of the doubt ought to have been given to the appellant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15280143\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2. T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he learned trial Judge has \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
erred in law in not analysing all the facts before him before he made a decision that the appellant was guilty as charged on the charge of murder.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Such error of the learned trial Judge in law by failing to make an independent assessment of the evidence, be\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
fore affirming a verdict which was unsafe, unsatisfactory and unsupported by evidence, has given rise to a grave miscarriage of justice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15280143\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3675412\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15280143\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The learned trial Judge has erred in law and in fact in not directing/and/or adequately directing the Assessors and\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 himself on the previous inconsistent statements made by David.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The learned trial Judge ought to have directed the Assessors and himself that when a witness is shown to have made previous statements inconsistent with the evidence given by the witness at th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
e trial, he ought to have directed the Assessors that the evidence given at the trial should be regarded as unreliable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The failure to do so caused a subs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15280143\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 tantial miscarriage of justice. 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The learned trial Judge has erred in law and in fact in not direc\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ting and/or adequately directing the Assessors and himself on the serious contradiction between David and Kamlesh whereby David who was the main prosecution witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  evidence was completely discredited during the cross-examination by the appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s counse\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 l.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Failure to do so caused a substant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15280143\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ial miscarriage of justice. 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The learned trial Judge has erred in law and in fact in not directing himself and or the Assessors to refer to in the summing up the possible defence on evidence and as such by his failu\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
re there has occurred a substantial miscarriage of justice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid465666\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8812880\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13909118\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Judgment of the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3675412\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid465666\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [67}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2778589\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The full Court of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of Appeal heard the appeal and dismissed the Appeal on 28}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8144882\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 May }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2015.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2557224\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In paragraph 33 of the judgment it was held that:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3675412\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4201171\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [33]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4201171\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Wi\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 th all these infirmities I am of the view that no prejudice was caused to the appellant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4201171\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The learned Judge in both his judgment and sentencing decision has given a short analysis as to why he agreed with the Assessors in convicting the appellant.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4201171\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 While con\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
sidering all the evidence that was led in this case I am of the view that the judgment is correct and fair and thus has caused no miscarriage of justice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4201171\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hence I am of the view that appeal is without merit.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4201171\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3492594\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid465666\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Petition for Special Leave to Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3492594\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3897224\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [68}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2557224\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3548036\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Petitioner sought }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15992666\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 special leave to a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ppeal from the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
as required under 98 (4) of the Constitution which states that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 An appeal may not be brought to the Supreme Court from the final judgment of Court of Appeal unless the Supreme Court grants l\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 eave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8855938\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2778589\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 69}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2778589\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Under section 7 (2) of Supreme Court Act No.14 of 1998 in relation to a criminal matter Supreme Court must not grant special leave unless-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a question of general legal importance is involved;
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3897224\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ubstantial}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  question of principle }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 affectin
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 g the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  administration of criminal justice is involved;
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (c)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3897224\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ubstantial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  or grave injustice may otherwise occur.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [70}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2778589\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Petitioner submits that his special leave to appeal satisfy the criteria laid down in section 7 (2) of the Supreme Court Act. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11606397\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I have careful
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ly considered the grounds of appeal contained in the petition and the written submissions filed by both parties and the oral submissions made at the hearing. I am of the opinion that the Petitioner had satisfied the criteria laid down in section 7(2) of t
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 h\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e Supreme Court Act No 14 of 1998. Therefore I grant special leave and proceed to hear the appeal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2778589\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 71}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2778589\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Petitioner in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 his Petition}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 dated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8th July 2015 based his Petition on numerous grounds enumerated under paragraphs 3 (a)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid796411\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 - (t).The principal ground
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s upon which this Petition is based are:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8144882\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15411621\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15411621\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he Court of Appeal err}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15411621\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in law in not properly addressing the Grounds of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Appeal.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14041671\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15411621\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15411621\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid590266\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Court of Appeal err}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15411621\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in law in wrongly purporting to over-rule or not follow the recent Supreme Court decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Praveen Ra\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 m v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; Criminal Appeal CAV 0001 of 2011.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8855938\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The Court of Appeal erred in law in wrongly purporting to distinguish and not following case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Gyan Singh v R.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (1963) 9 FLR 105.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3897224\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  The Court of Appeal erred in law in wrongly applying the case of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Jagdishwa\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 r Singh & Another v R.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (1962) 8 FLR 105 to the present case. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The Court of Appeal erred in law in wrongly purporting to review the facts and wrongly making findings on credibility and additional facts and not giving any weight to Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evidence and\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  relied more on David Sunil Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evidence when his statements were not consistent with his evidence. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (f)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Appeal erred in law in relying on evidence of David Sunil Singh when this was vague, unreliable, motivated by his own dishonesty and cont\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
radictory and it was unsafe to convict on his evidence.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (g)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The Court of Appeal erred in law in not holding that the conviction in this case was, in any event, unsafe and the Petitioner should have been given the benefit of the doubt as the assessors were not\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 properly directed by the Trial Judge in relation to the inconsistent statements of David Sunil Singh and the rule relating to previous inconsistent statements.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (h)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of Appeal erred in law in not holding that the previous statements of David Sunil Si\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ngh only contained omissions and were contradictory.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of Appeal erred in law at paragraph 30 of the judgment by giving much emphasis and weight to David Sunil Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evidence that there was enough light for him to identify the Petitioner when th
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e other witness Kamlesh Sami said it was dark and they used the mobile phone and fixed the bulb to get light.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The evidence of this two prosecution witnesses was clearly contradictory and raised serious doubts in the case.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (j)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of Appeal erred in law \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in not given any weight to the time taken by David Sunil Singh to make the baby}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s milk was unreasonably long and this coupled with the fact that he had managed to take and sell the Deceased}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s jewellery raised serious doubts in this case against the Petitio\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ner.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (k)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of Appeal erred in law in not giving any weight as to how David Sunil Singh obtained the deceased}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s jewellery and sold the same especially when he did not inform the police of this in his first statement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (l)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of Appeal erred in law \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in giving credit to David Sunil Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s evidence when his evidence was seriously challenged in cross-examination and his own 4 previous statements to the Police were contradictory.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (m)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of Appeal erred in law in holding that the evidence produced was\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 very strong to make out a case against the Petitioner and this strongly prejudiced the Petitioner.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (n)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of Appeal erred in law in not setting aside the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s conviction even though it held that the learned High Court Judge had not assisted th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
e Assessors by way of analysing and drawing inferences to assist them in coming to a correct conclusion.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (o)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of Appeal erred in law in holding that despite several infirmities in the case no prejudice was caused to the Petitioner.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (p)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of Appe\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
al erred in law in not properly analysing the evidence of the Pathologist and wrongly holding that the death was due to hanging and that the cause of death was not an issue at the trial.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (q)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of Appeal erred in law in failing to properly consider the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 Police statements of Steven Sachin Singh and Mrs Vulaco.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (r)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The Court of Appeal erred in law in not properly considering the timing issues relating to the case especially in light of the evidence of David Sunil Singh, Kamlesh Singh, P.C. Gasio and the Polic\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
e statements of Steven Sachin Singh and Mrs Vulaco.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (s)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The Court of Appeal erred in law in holding that injury to the scalp was caused with a blunt instrument when there was no evidence as to what this blunt instrument was and no evidence was led by prosecut\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ion on this and there was a statement by David Sunil Singh that the Deceased was involved in an accident days before her death.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This could have caused the injury to the scalp.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (t)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of Appeal erred in law in accepting the circumstantial evidence was s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ufficient to dismiss the Petitioner}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s Appeal and this has seriously prejudiced the Petitioner.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [72}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8601906\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1785305\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hese grounds could be crystallis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed into four grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5790089\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and accordingly I have reformulated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1836879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 grounds }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5790089\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1836879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 following }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5790089\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 headings given below}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1836879\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (1)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Did the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Court o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f Appeal err in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 law in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  not properly addressing the grounds of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 appeal?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of Appeal err in law in not setting aside the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s conviction even though it held that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 learned High}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Court Judge had not assisted the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 assessors by}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  way of analy\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sing and drawing inferences to assist them in coming to a correct }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 conclusion?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (3)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of Appeal err in law when it did not proper}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15992666\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ly analyse the evidence of the p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 athologist and wrongly h}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10968621\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 eld }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
that there was nothing to indicate that the death was due t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o hanging and the cause of death not an issue at the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1785305\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ?}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (4)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Did the Court of Appeal err in law when it wrongly purporting to overrule and not follow the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5125499\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 decision of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Supreme Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5125499\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5125499\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Praveen Ram vs State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5125499\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5125499\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [2012] FJSC 12; CAV0001.2011 (9 May 2012)?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5125499\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11678850\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8601906\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Did the Court of Appeal err in law in not properly addressing the grounds of appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [73}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8601906\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Petitioner submits that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of Appeal at the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hearing did}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 not properly address the grounds of Appeal. Petitioner alleged that the trial judge had made im\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 proper directions relating circumstantial evidence and relating to contradictory statements made by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8601906\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 itness David Sunil Singh. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 These raise}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1210933\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 question}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1210933\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of general legal importance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11426328\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 substantial question}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11426328\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of principle affecting the administration of crimina\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 l justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11426328\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 which, unless remedied, will cause substantial and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 grave injustice to the Petitioner.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [74}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8601906\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The Petitioner is urging this court to consider grounds 3 and 4 of the grounds of appeal submitted to the Court of Appeal wherein it was alleged that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  had failed to give necessary directions regarding the inconsistencies of the evidence of David Singh and his 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 credibility and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the contradiction }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 between his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  evidence and that of Kamalesh. 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [75}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13570740\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is appropriate at this stage to consider the inc\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
onsistencies and infirmities }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in David}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Singh
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  evidence. David Singh was considered as an eye witness and the main witness for the prosecution. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 David admitted that he had given four statements to the police and only in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5790089\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
his fourth}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  statement recorded on 22\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  January }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2011}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14514147\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 stated that he saw Suresh holding the neck and mouth of Farzana. This omission or inconsistency relates to fundamental aspect of his evidence.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Prior to making the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5790089\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 fourth}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  statement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  he was arrested by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Police for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  selling the jewellery \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
belonging to Farzana. When confronted he had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 lied as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to how he got the jewellery. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He was treated as a suspect and his statement was recorded under caution. It is the position of the defence that in order to save himself he falsely implicated the accused
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 David first said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that he could not see the inside of the deceased}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s flat through}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5790089\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the gap in the wooden flow as there was no light.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Then in his last statement and evidence in court he said that he could see inside of the flat.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 David did not mention \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
about the jewellery belonging to the deceased in any of the statements until he was caught selling them just two days after the death of the deceased.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (f)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 David in his statements stated that the Petitioner tried to resuscitate her. He omitted to state thi\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s in his evidence.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s21 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\dbch\af0\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (f)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s21\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
The conduct of David when he saw the Petitioner holding the mouth and neck. As a reasonable man he should have raised }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid9468913\charrsid14832677 cries and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677  alerted others.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 [76}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid13202086\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 Petitioner submits that as David is the principal witness in this case, proper directions should have been given to the assessors as to how they should assess his evidence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 The trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677  judge had failed to give proper and adequate directions.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [77}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13202086\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As stated in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  State of Bihar vs. Rada Krishna}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14419510\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 AIR }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14419510\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1983}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14419510\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  SC. 684 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 One of the most difficult tas\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ks of a Judge is to assess and evaluate the evidence of a witness and decide whether to believe or disbelieve it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [78}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13202086\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In the past, the courts applied the maxim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Falses in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Uno Falses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Omnibus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14419510\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  - meaning }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14419510\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He who speaks falsely in one point will speak f
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 alsely upon all}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14419510\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  - }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4589084\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  witness who gives false evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The present trend is instead of rejecting the totality }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of evidence}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13202086\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to act on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14419510\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 part of evidence which is true and reliable. This approach is known as }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 divisibility of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  credibility. The learned jud
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ge should have impressed upon the assessors that due to serious inconsistencies and infirmities in David}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s testimony he is an unreliable witness and not worthy of credit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
and it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is unsafe to act on his evidence. However the assessors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4090246\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 should be informed that\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  they }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 are free}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to act on his evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 provided he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  had given a satisfactory explanation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 or can}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  act on parts of evidence corroborated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 by independent}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  evidence. The trial judge had failed to give adequate directions regarding this matter. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7340790\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 79}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7340790\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8855938\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Petitioner\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  relied on the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Guan Singh v R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  [1963\} 9 FLR 105 which held: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
It is the duty of the trial judge to warn the assessors, and to keep in mind himself, that it is dangerous to accept sworn evidence which is in conflict with statements previously made b\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
y the same witness; or, at least, that such evidence should be submitted to the closest scrutiny before acceptance. It is, however, still the duty of the assessors, and of the judge himself, after full attention has been paid to this warning, to determine
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
whether or not the evidence given before them in court at the trial is worthy of credence and, if so, what weight should be attached to it. The assessors and the trial judge, in determining the credibility of the evidence, must decide the preliminary ques
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ion as to whether or not the explanation given by the witness as to the reason for such conflict is feasible and acceptable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx0\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx0\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 [80}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid7340790\charrsid14832677 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 The Court of Appeal did not follow the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf0\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 Guan Singh vs R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
 (supra) instead followed the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid4270891\charrsid14832677 decision in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf0\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 Jagdishwar Sing and Another v R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677  (1962) 8FLR 159. The Court of Appeal in its judgment stated:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\insrsid14832677  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [20]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15348195\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It must be noted that the facts of the above case is different to the facts of the instant case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The instant case is not one wherein the witness made a different and/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 or conf\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 licting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  statement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11871415\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to the police.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 What the witness (David) did was to omit an important fact in three previous statements. The witness gave a reason for the omission. He said that he was told by the appellant not to mention it to the police. He also said th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
at he was scared. The learned Judge had drawn the attention of the Assessors to this important aspect. It may be that this witness made an attempt to protect the appellant who was acquainted with him. When he was implicated for the theft of jewellery he c
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 h\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 anged his mind and revealed the truth}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7608041\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Jagdishwar Singh and Another v R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14419510\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (1962) 8FLR 159)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid337475\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [81}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7340790\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 J}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 udge did not give proper }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7340790\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15076022\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7340790\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  adequate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 directions to the assessors regarding the evaluation of David}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s evidence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7340790\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This caused grave prejudi\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ce to the Petitioner. The Court of Appeal had failed to consider this fundamental error. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [82}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7340790\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11079239\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The next important question is whether the trial judge gave adequate directions regarding the assessment of circumstantial evidence. In his judgment at para}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 gra\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  2 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 had stated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4683781\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
(2) In the majority opinion of three assessors you have been found guilty of the charge. The case as prosecuted was a largely circumstantial case, and as such the circumstantial evidence against you is strong}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [83}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4613567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 However the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 trial judge in his judgment did not adequately }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 deal with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of assessing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 the items of the circumstantial evidence. He had failed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to sufficiently}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  explain to the assessors what}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4589084\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14419510\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3606648\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8855938\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 circumstantial evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , how to assess }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and how}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to come to a finding \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
based on circumstantial evidence. The failure of the learned trial Judge to give proper directions to the assessors regarding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
circumstantial evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4589084\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 occasion a substantial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and grave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 injustice to the Petitioner. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [84}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4613567\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In the Commonwealth jurisdictions\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , judges very }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 often refer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the following}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  words of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Pollock CB}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in R.v Exall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (1866)4F &F,922 at929}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7626791\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in explaining the nature}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7813808\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and effect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7626791\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of circumstantial evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14419510\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It has been said that circumstantial evidence to be considered as a chain and each piece of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 evidence as a link}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
in the chain, but that is not so, for then, if any one link breaks, the chain would fall. It is more like the case of a rope comprised of several codes. One strand of the rope might be insufficient to sustain the weight, but three strand
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ed together may be quiet of sufficient strength. Thus it may be in circumstantial evidence- there may be a combination of circumstances, no one of which would raise a reasonable conviction or more than a mere suspicion; but the three taken together may cr
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ate a conclusion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of guilt with as much certainty}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 as human affairs require or admit.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7626791\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8278737\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In order to convict an accused the cumulative effect of circumstantial evidence should be consistent with the guilt of the accused. Most of the Commonwealth countri\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 es still tend to follow }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the rule}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of Alderson }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 B. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 R. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8278737\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 vs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . Hodges}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (1838) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2 Lev}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  C.C. 227}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8278737\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  c }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8278737\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 & P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  195. According to that rule the Jury has to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16013427\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 decide,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  not only whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8278737\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 they are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  consistent with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8278737\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hypothesis of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the prisoners guilt, but whether they }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8278737\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 are incons\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 istent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 with any other reasonable hypothesis of his innocence. This rule which is referred to as Hodges rule is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 not followed in England since the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 McGreevy vs the DPP }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (1973)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1 W.L.R. 276, (1973) 1 A.E.R. 503.However in other Commonwealth jurisdiction\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s such as Australia, New Zealand, India}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and Sri }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6440221\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 anka }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1331585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
courts follow this rule}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
. In the instant case the main issue is whether this is a case of murder or suicide. Therefore the cumulative effect of the circumstantial evidence should be consistent with the g\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
uilt of the accused and inconsistent with the innocence of the accused. The trial judge had erred in law when he failed to give proper direction regarding circumstantial evidence having regard to the facts and circumstances of this case. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [86}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7626791\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The trial j\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 udge in para}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 graph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  2 of his judgement stated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In the majority opinion of three assessors you have been found guilty of the charge. The case as prosecuted was a largely circumstantial case, and as such the circumstantial evidence against you is st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid6440221\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rong.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6440221\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 At t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 his stage it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is relevant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to consider the items of circumstantial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 evidence against}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6440221\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the accused:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6440221 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The accused was with the deceased on the date of the incident}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8855938\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Prosecution alleged that the accused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 had a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 motive to kill the deceased. There is evidence\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  had a quarrel with the deceased and he had assaulted the deceased.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3. \tab He}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was last seen in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the flat of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 the deceased at or about the time of her death.
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
According to the post mortem report death was due to strangulation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4588476\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-851\li851\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1331585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1313522\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The fol\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 lowing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 items of circumstantial evidence are}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  favourable to the accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :-}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The conduct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 and the state of mind of the deceased. On the day in question the deceased was verbally and physically subject to assault by the accused. There was an argument and the Pe\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
titioner accused her of having affairs with several men. He assaulted the deceased on the face. She was insulted and humiliated in front of several persons. She retired to her flats and refused to come out. In his evidence David said }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I called Farzana.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 She\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  said don}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t want to talk.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I am upset and I will do something to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 myself}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
. When Stephan went to hand over her lighter she refused to accept it. She had given a call }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 her parents. Was it a call in desperation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  In view of the depressed state of mind of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
eceased,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the possibility}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of committing suicide could not be eliminated.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908299\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6440221\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9908299\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908299\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The conduct and behaviour of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 accused is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a relevant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  factor to be considered. His position is consistent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 throughout. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He did not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 confess}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to the commission of the offence. He did not\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  flee }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
from the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  scene. There is evidence of an attempt by the accused to resuscitate the deceased by CPR.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908299\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6440221\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908299\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he scene suggestive of suicide. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6440221\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14832677 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Medical evidence is equivocal and does not eliminate suicide. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908299\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [88}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3891731\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5057814\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid349962\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In order to find the accused guilty of murd\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 er}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15076022\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3891731\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 all }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5396812\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 items of circumstantial evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3891731\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
including items favourable to the accused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid349962\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5396812\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 taken }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1331585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
together,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the cumulative effect of the evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15076022\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 irresistibly lead to the conclusion that the accused committed the crime}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3891731\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and it is inconsistent with th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e defence of suicide.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5057814\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 89}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5396812\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5057814\charrsid14832677 \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Learned trial judge and the Court of Appeal did not properly assess the evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11934697\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5396812\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5396812\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15211156\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ailed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15211156\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 consider the defence and items of evidence favourable to the accused and as a result substantial and grave injustice was cause\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d to the accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4588476\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15211156\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9175615\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid11893568\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (2) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Did the Court of Appeal err in law in not setting aside the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s conviction even though it held that the learned High Court Judge had not assisted the assessors by way of analysing and drawing inferences to assist them in \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 coming to a cor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15482233\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rect conclusion?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f36\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5396812\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In paragraph 32 and 33 of the judgment the Court of Appeal held that:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [32]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13269055\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
I am of the view that the evidence produced was very strong to make out a case against the appellant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I agree that the learned Judge had no\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
t assisted the assessors by way of analysing and drawing inferences to assist them in coming to a correct conclusion without merely leaving the facts and allowing them to arrive at a decision.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The judge cannot content himself by simply reiterating the inca\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ntation that it is for the jury to decide the facts (Cross on Evidence 9th Edition at pg.199 citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 R.v Gilbey}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (1990) (26 January 1990) unreported (cited in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mears v R}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ) (1993) 97 Cr App Rep 239).
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [33]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
With all these infirmities I am of the view that no pr\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ejudice was caused to the appellant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The learned Judge in both his judgment and sentencing decision has given a short analysis as to why he agreed with the Assessors in convicting the appellant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 While considering all the evidence that was led in this case 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I am of the view that the judgment is correct and fair and thus has caused no miscarriage of justice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hence I am of the view that appeal is without merit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid80063\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [91}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5057814\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The Court of Appeal had erred when it stated that the learned trial judge had given a short \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
analysis as to why he agreed with the assessors in convicting the appellant when no such analysis was made. In his judgment he had merely commented that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the case as prosecuted was a largely circumstantial case, and as such the circumstantial evidence agai\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nst you is strong.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 This is the only reference in the judgment regarding the evidence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104773 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6844773\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [92}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7670856\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The learned trial judge in his summing up failed to give adequate directions regarding fundamental matters such as credibility of witnesses, evaluation of circums\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
tantial and expert evidence. In the circumstances the Court of Appeal erred in stating that there was no miscarriage of justice when it is apparent that the Petitioner was deprived of a fair trial.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8130010\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of Appeal having held }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  learned t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rial judge had not assisted the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11934697\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ssessors by way of analysing and drawing inferences to assist them in coming to a correct conclusion without merely leaving the facts and allowing them to arrive at a decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  erred when the Court of Appeal held that no pr\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ejudice has been caused to the Petitioner }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 whereas substantial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 and grave injustice was caused to the Petitioner. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3606648\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6104773\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15482233\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Did the Court of Appeal err in law }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 when it did not properly analyse the evidence of the Pathologist and wrongly h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3606648\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 eld }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that there was nothin\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 g to indicate that the death was due to hanging and the cause of }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15482233\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 death not an issue at the trial?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4000097\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3737692\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7670856\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3737692\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11301760\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3737692\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
etitioner did not raise this ground as a ground of appeal in the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7670856\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11301760\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 However the at the trial,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid812177\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12198141\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 defence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2101915\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 c}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12198141\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ounsel cross}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11934697\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 -ex}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12198141\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 amined }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12851015\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the do\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ctor }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12198141\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and challenged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11934697\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11301760\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12198141\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 findings that the death was due to strangulation. There }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4739691\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12198141\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  enough authorities to support the view that }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2101915\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 if new grounds are raised it will be more stringent to obtain leave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12198141\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  than in cases wher}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12198141\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the ground of appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14378528\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12198141\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 taken up in the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Court of Appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2101915\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Therefore we have to consider whether thi}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14378528\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2101915\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  ground could be entertained or not}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4739691\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  by the Supreme Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2101915\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15489585\charrsid14832677 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [95}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10779270\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7670856\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15489585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15489585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Dip Chand v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15489585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
; CAV 0014.2012(9 May 2012), the Supreme Court had in paragraph }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 27 held}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15489585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9591254\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15489585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Given that the criteria se\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
t out in Section 7 (2) of the Supreme Court Act 14 of 1998 are extremely stringent and special leave to appeal is not granted as a matter of course, the fact that the majority of the ground relied upon by the Petitioner for a special leave to appeal have 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ot been raised in the Court of Appeal makes the task of the petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15992666\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 of satisfying the threshold requirements for special leave even more difficult.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15489585 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6844773\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [96}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10779270\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9591254\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15489585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
In the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15489585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Kwaku Mensah v The King}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15489585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 (1946)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4001455\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15489585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
AC 83 where extension of time was granted.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8654048\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15489585\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In that c\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ase it was held that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Where a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15489585\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 substantial and grave injustice might occur the Privy Council would allow a new point to be taken up which has not been raised below even when it was not raised in the petitioners printed case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11683848\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11683848\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
This case was cited solely to em\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 phasize the fact that even in Privy Council where strict procedure is followed in granting leave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14378528\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11683848\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in an appropriate case new points}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2101915\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  could be taken up.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7288733\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Although this ground was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15819616\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 not }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7288733\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 raised }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12927480\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , this C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7288733\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ourt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16278929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 will }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7288733\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 grant leave as this ground is\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 crucial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12927480\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7288733\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the determination of this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11683848\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12198141\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [97}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7407711\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3484823\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The issue involved }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1908953\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in the reception of medical evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1908953\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 or not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
the trial judge abdicated his function to the expert witness. It is important to understand who is an expert}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11934697\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and what }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9591254\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 expert evi\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 dence is}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Section 4(1) of the Evidence Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of England, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 following definitions are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 found}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid66256\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
expert means a person who has specialised knowledge or skill base}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid91537\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10643006\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on training}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , study or experience}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9927807 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6844773\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 expert evidence means the evidence of an expert based on
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the specialised}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
knowledge or skill of that expert and includes evidence given in the form of an opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [98}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7493356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3623998\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 role}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
expert witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3623998\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 explained }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 by Lord President Cooper in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Davie v Edinburg Magistrates }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1953] SC 34, 40 thus:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16321113\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid66256\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Their duty is to \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
furnish the judge or jury with the necessary scientific criteria for testing the accuracy of their conclusions, so as to enable the judge or jury to form their}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 own independent judgment by the application of these criteria to the facts proved in evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Cresswell J in National Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Compania Naviera}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4270891\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
SA v Prudential Assurance Co Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 - }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Ikarian Reefer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  [1993]}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1253032\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2 Lloyd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s Rep.68,81}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 described the role of an expert thus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'c1\loch\f0 n expert witness should provide independent assistance to court by way of objective u\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nbiased opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in relation to matters within his expertise}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9591254\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ... ....}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [99}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7493356\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1253032\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5384876\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In this case t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he trial judge abdicated his function and adopted the medical evidence as conclusive evidence. The statement made by the trial judge before }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the commencement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 tri\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 al proper}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  manifest his complete reliance on the medical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 report:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-851\li851\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid66256\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Court: we now serve statement of the pathologist to determine whether suicide or homicide. Filing of agreed facts by end of to-day. For mention on 16th March2012.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5384876\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 High Court trial proceed
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ings - dated23 -2-2012)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16188457\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11934697\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 100}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7408485\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16188457\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Si}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12648457\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 milarly the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16188457\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12648457\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 pproached }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7408485\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
the medical evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12648457\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in somewhat similar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12648457\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 manner when it stated: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12648457\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The pathologist gave the cause of death as asphyxia due to strangulation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16081626\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
... ... }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12648457\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There was nothing to indicate that the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
death was due to hanging. The Cause of death was never an issue at the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12648457\charrsid14832677 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3736662\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [101}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6827645\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is appropriate at this stage to refer to the medical evidence. Dr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3027185\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Aabha }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Gupta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6827645\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Pathologist, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6827645\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 MBBS (Path) India, MB (Path)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1994)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6827645\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  who had performed more than one thous\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 post mortem examinations}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 gave evidence based on the report submitted by Dr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Ramaswamy Ponnu Swamy Goundar who conducted the post mortem examination. The cause of death was asphyxia due to strangulation.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6827645\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [102}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6827645\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is unfortunate that Dr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Goundar }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 who vie
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 wed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 the body and made observations and came to certain conclusions was not summoned as a witness. His absence or non availability was not explained. This is a serious i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3027185\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nfirmity in this case. Dr. Gupt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6952939\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 gave evidence based on Dr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Goundar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s report}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6952939\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  admitte\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
d that the best person to give evidence regarding findings is Dr. Goundar.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [103}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10321617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 According to the post mortem examination report there was haemorrhage -}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13401583\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
a collection of blood in the outer part of the thyroid (Lower part).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13401583\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Swelling on lungs and more oedem\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a (extra blood) in lungs. A contusion under skin on scalp on the brain. According to Dr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 .}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Gupta this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 injury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 could}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 be caused after a blunt injury to that area. Some force applied to skull area}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 She further opined}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
that all the features go in favour of stra\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ngulation. If }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 someone}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  died due to hanging asphyxia caused by restriction on neck. Ligature mark present below mandible and above thyroid gland. In this case no ligature mark.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Ligature depends on weight, length of time hanging. No ligature marks in the phot\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
os. In hanging case- death occurs not in a fixed time. Can be immediate or it could be slow when legs touching the ground for example in hanging case-knot round the neck depends if sliding knot or affixed not.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [104}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10321617\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The absence of a ligature mark had in\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 fluenced }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3027185\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Dr. Gupta }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to exclude}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  suicide. However }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3027185\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 octor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 had opined that presence of ligature mark depend on other factors such as weight,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3027185\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  length of time of hanging. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Dr }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3027185\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Gupta had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  come to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3027185\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 conclusion that the injury to the scalp was caused by a blunt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 we
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 apon. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
There is no evidence regarding the use of a blunt weapon. However there is evidence to prove that deceased had met with an accident few days before and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid923208\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 taking treatment. The injury to the scalp may be due to the accident. The post mortem report r
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 efers to a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 mark}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  at the lower part of the neck}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3027185\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 14cm x 2cm}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . Dr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3027185\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . Gupta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  had failed to explain this injury. The defence position is that this is consistent with the sulu been tied around the neck.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [105}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5447056\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The learned trial judge did not properly direct the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ass\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 essors as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 to how they should consider the medical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 evidence and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  come to a conclusion regarding the cause of death. The Learned trial judge had abdicated his function and accepted medical evidence as conclusive evidence. There is a serious error of law in th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
e summing up which caused grave and substantial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 injustice to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the Petitioner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid664286\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Similarly the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5447056\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid664286\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
also fallen into this error. I am of the view that approach adopted by the learned trial judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid932071\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and the Court of Appeal regarding evaluation of me
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 dical evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid664286\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is erroneous. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid932071\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It has the effect of withdrawing the defence of suicide from the assessors and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid923208\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 resulted in miscarriage of justice.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid154001\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1987439\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16278929\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (4) Did}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 the Court of appeal err in law when }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 wrongly purporting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to overrule and not follow the recent Supreme C\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ourt decision in Praveen Ram vs State }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
(Criminal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Appeal CAV 001 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2011}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid154001\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15091950\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 106}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15091950\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \tab \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  submits that the Court of Appeal (in paragraphs 23 and 24 of the judgment) refused to follow the decision of the Supreme Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Praveen Ram v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (Crimin\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
al Appeal CAV 001 of 2011.)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The Court of Appeal was therefore wrong in law in refusing to follow this judgment and has gone beyond its jurisdiction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6126835\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [107}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404268\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This case involve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11155323\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  complex issues such as dealing with circumstantial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 evidence, credibility}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of witn\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
esses and expert evidence. Therefore it is necessary to examine the summing up and the judgment to ascertain whether the trial judge had addressed his mind to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the crucial issues involved in this case and given adequate directions to the assessors and wheth\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
er or not his judgment contain a proper assessment and analysis of the facts involved in the case. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404268\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 108}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1404268\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13115896\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
igh Court Judge in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 his judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 dated 5 October 2011 stated that:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In the majority opinion of three assessors you have been found g\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
uilty of the charge. The case as prosecuted was a largely circumstantial case, and as such the circumstantial evidence against you is strong. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (3)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I agree with the majority verdict of the assessors and find you guilty as charged. You are convicted accordi\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ngly. That is the judgment of the court.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (para (1) refers to the Statement and Particulars of the offence)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12082363\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [109}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1404268\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12082363\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853490\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Under section 237 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8456239\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853490\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Criminal Procedure Decree, in a case where the trial judge agrees with the decisions of the assessors, if the summ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid83882\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ing up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853490\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is on record}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13974061\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853490\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  there is no necessity to give reasons. However if he disagrees with the findings of the assessors he }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8456239\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is required }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853490\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
to give reasons. In the instant case the trial judge agreed with the majority decision of the assessors. Therefore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8456239\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853490\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is n\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ot }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6126835\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 mandatory for him }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid534084\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to give reasons.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [110}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853490\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I find that the learned trial judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12812001\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in his summing up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
had not adequately dealt with fundamental issues involved in the case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14251247\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 does not contain a proper assessment and analysis of the evidence. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14251247\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The appeal co\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 urts in reviewing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1988152\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 decisions of lower courts, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14251247\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
examine whether a trial judge in his summing up or judgment had properly evaluated the evidence in order to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid83882\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 determine wh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14251247\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ether the decision or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13112782\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14251247\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 judgment is supported by evidence or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid83882\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14251247\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 inconsistent with the evi\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 dence or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid83882\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14251247\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 perverse}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid83882\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I am of opinion that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid83882\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rationale }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid83882\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Praveen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  Ram v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16259713\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (supra) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14251247\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 relevant in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14251247\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 context}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Praveen Ram v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (supra) the Supreme Court held that:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid534084\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A trial judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s decision to differ from, or affirm, the opinion of t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
he assessors necessarily involves an evaluation of the entirely of the evidence led at the trial including the agreed facts, and so does the decision of the Court of Appeal where the soundness of the trial judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s decision is challenged by way of appeal as\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 in the instant case. In independently assessing the evidence in the case, it is necessary for a trial judge or appellate court to be satisfied that the ultimate verdict is supported by the evidence and is not perverse. The function of the Court of Appeal
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
or even this Court in evaluating the evidence and making an independent assessment thereof, is essentially of a supervisory nature, and an appellate court will not set aside a verdict of a lower court unless the verdict is unsafe and dangerous having rega
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 r\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d to the totality of evidence in the case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf0\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [111}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11550203\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Petitioner submits that the Court of Appeal erred in law when it refused to follow the judgment in 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Praveen Ram vs. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 and instead followed the judgments }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Mohamed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  vs State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (unreported CAV 2 of 201
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3; 27 February 2014) and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Edward Sheik Faruk Ali vs Reginam }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1974] Fiji LR 35 at 38 where it was stated that if the trial judge agrees with the majority of assessors he need not write a judgment but write down the decision of the court. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13112782\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [112}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11550203\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Petitio\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
ner submits that even in the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mohammed v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; CAV 2 of 2013 where judgment of the Supreme Court was delivered on the 27th February, 2014, the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 followed the judgment in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Praveen Ram vs State}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  when it stated:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid534084\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 An appellate court will be\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 greatly assisted if a written judgment setting out the evidence upon which the judge relies when he agrees with the opinions of the assessors is delivered.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This should become the practice in all trials in the High Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3225378\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [113}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11550203\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3225378\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4212345\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4862319\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n view of the complex i\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ssues involved in this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid83882\charrsid14832677 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4862319\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  though not mandatory}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13112782\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4862319\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 appe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16731416\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 l}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4862319\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 late court would have been greatly assisted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16731416\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 if the trial judge had given reasons for agreeing with the majority of the assessors and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6126835\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 giving reasons }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16731416\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6126835\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rejecting the defence put forward by the acc\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
used and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16731416\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 finding the accused guilty of the charge. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16466996\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3225378\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1529481\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Conclusions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13112782\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16259713\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [114}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16731416\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1008841\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 It is my considered view that the learned trial judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 did not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16731416\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 adequately }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2913309\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 assess and evaluate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the evidence and it results in grave and substantial injustice to the Petitioner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Having\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 considered the evidence of this case, I am of the view that the learned trial judge had failed to give adequate directions to the assessors. His summing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14642954\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 contains}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 many }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13261476\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 misdirections}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and non}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid83882\charrsid14832677 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 directions. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2578255\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 This deprived the accused of a fair trial and cause\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 d grave prejudice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13974061\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2578255\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The Court of appeal failed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16466996\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to consider}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the grounds of appeal. In view of these infirmities }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1339121\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 conviction and sentence could not be sustained.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1008841\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Therefore the conviction and sentence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 have }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1339121\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9961925\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  quashed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2913309\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , and the case remitted to the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
High Court for retrial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3225378\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Orders of Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1256647\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [115}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3225378\charrsid14832677 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
Accordingly, I would make the following orders in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5854627\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 exercis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5854627\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 powers vested }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on this Court in terms of section }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5854627\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 98 (5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8200568\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5854627\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the Constitution of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13974061\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the Republic of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5854627\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Fiji 2013 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2913309\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 read with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5854627\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Supreme Court Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8200568\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  N\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o. 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2913309\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8200568\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of 1998}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 :-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15820670\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-851\li851\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid534084\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \fi-360\li1210\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1210\itap0\pararsid14832677\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12475187\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Leave to appeal is granted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is allowed;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8200568\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8200568\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Judgments of the Court of Appeal and High Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 are set a side;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8200568\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 onviction and sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the petitioner are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9271292\charrsid14832677 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 set aside}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5.\tab}\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ase }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 remitted to the High Court for re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6501936\charrsid14832677 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6501936\charrsid14832677 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2247346\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11142181 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16472526\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ______\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
___________________________
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hon. Mr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid616729\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid616729\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Priyasath }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4806421\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 G. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Dep
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid16472526\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 UDGE OF THE SUPREME COURT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1910999\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10625901\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6844773 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid16406418\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid16406418\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Solicitors:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid16406418\charrsid14832677 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14832677 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15210775\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Shera}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12345969\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ni}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15210775\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3933754\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 & Co. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16406418\charrsid14832677 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 for the Petitioner
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions for the Respondent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8548031\charrsid14832677 
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