{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch37\stshfhich37\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f2\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset0\fprq1{\*\panose 02070309020205020404}Courier New;}{\f3\fbidi \froman\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05050102010706020507}Symbol;}{\f10\fbidi \fnil\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05000000000000000000}Wingdings;}
{\f10\fbidi \fnil\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05000000000000000000}Wingdings;}{\f36\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}{\f37\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}
{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f44\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f45\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f47\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f48\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f49\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f50\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f51\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f52\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f64\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset238\fprq1 Courier New CE;}{\f65\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset204\fprq1 Courier New Cyr;}
{\f67\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset161\fprq1 Courier New Greek;}{\f68\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset162\fprq1 Courier New Tur;}{\f69\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset177\fprq1 Courier New (Hebrew);}{\f70\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset178\fprq1 Courier New (Arabic);}
{\f71\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset186\fprq1 Courier New Baltic;}{\f72\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset163\fprq1 Courier New (Vietnamese);}{\f404\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\f405\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}
{\f407\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\f408\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}{\f411\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\f412\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}
{\f414\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\f415\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\f417\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\f418\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}
{\f421\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\f422\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}
{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}
{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;
\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\*\defchp \f37 }
{\*\defpap \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 }\noqfpromote {\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 \snext0 \sqformat \spriority0 \styrsid14447820 Normal;}{
\s1\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs48\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs48\lang2057\langfe2057\kerning36\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 
\sbasedon0 \snext1 \slink15 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid14502256 heading 1;}{\s2\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\sl276\slmult1\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs28\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f36\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink16 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid7874656 heading 2;}{\*\cs10 \additive \sunhideused \spriority1 Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext11 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \sqformat Normal Table;}{\*
\cs15 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs48 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs48\kerning36 \sbasedon10 \slink1 \slocked \spriority9 \styrsid14502256 Heading 1 Char;}{\*\cs16 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f36\fs28\lang0\langfe1033\langnp0\langfenp1033 \sbasedon10 \slink2 \slocked \ssemihidden \spriority9 \styrsid7874656 Heading 2 Char;}{\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 \snext17 \sqformat \spriority1 \styrsid2957503 No Spacing;}{\s18\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext18 \sqformat \spriority34 \styrsid12126419 List Paragraph;}{\s19\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 \sbasedon0 \snext19 \sunhideused \styrsid1118086 Normal (Web);}{\*\cs20 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\cf2 \sbasedon10 \sunhideused \styrsid6247513 Hyperlink;}{\*\cs21 \additive 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid6895202 apple-converted-space;}{\s22\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext22 \slink23 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid16598296 header;}{\*\cs23 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang0\langfe1033\langnp0\langfenp1033 \sbasedon10 \slink22 \slocked \ssemihidden \styrsid16598296 Header Char;}{\s24\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext24 \slink25 \sunhideused \styrsid16598296 footer;}{\*\cs25 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang0\langfe1033\langnp0\langfenp1033 \sbasedon10 \slink24 \slocked \styrsid16598296 Footer Char;}{\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 \snext26 \spriority0 \styrsid9243006 Default;}{\*\cs27 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid3491524 apple-style-span;}{
\s28\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 
\sbasedon0 \snext28 \spriority0 \styrsid7874656 normal;}}{\*\listtable{\list\listtemplateid1459383592\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc22\levelnfcn22\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace426\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid-1286421614\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li786\lin786 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1506\lin1506 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2226\lin2226 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2946\lin2946 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3666\lin3666 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4386\lin4386 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5106\lin5106 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5826\lin5826 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6546\lin6546 }{\listname ;}\listid4133173}{\list\listtemplateid-2068305472\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc22\levelnfcn22\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace426\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-1286421614\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li786\lin786 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1506\lin1506 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2226\lin2226 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2946\lin2946 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3666\lin3666 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4386\lin4386 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5106\lin5106 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5826\lin5826 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6546\lin6546 }{\listname ;}\listid27726574}{\list\listtemplateid1492006694
\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }
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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid202521403}{\list\listtemplateid574015876{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat3\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'01\'01;}{\levelnumbers
\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid208298916}{\list\listtemplateid-105107936\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat4\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid-1847688182\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid229461570}{\list\listtemplateid-486234740\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat2\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-235614290\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-720\li1887\lin1887 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2247\lin2247 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2
\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2967\lin2967 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3687\lin3687 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4407\lin4407 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2
\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li5127\lin5127 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5847\lin5847 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6567\lin6567 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2
\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li7287\lin7287 }{\listname ;}\listid353576149}
{\list\listtemplateid677159408\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1629760630\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid421101260}{\list\listtemplateid25857588{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid514539797}{\list\listtemplateid-67091820\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid326555574\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid519322201}{\list\listtemplateid-2068305472\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc22\levelnfcn22\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace426\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-1286421614\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li786\lin786 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0
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{\list\listtemplateid449070300{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li720
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{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel
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\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
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\fi-360\li786\lin786 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li1506\lin1506 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-180\li2226\lin2226 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li2946\lin2946 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li3666\lin3666 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-180\li4386\lin4386 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li5106\lin5106 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li5826\lin5826 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-180\li6546\lin6546 }{\listname ;}\listid612597268}{\list\listtemplateid1006417556\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1489300872
\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577
\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567
\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577
\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579
\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567
\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577
\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid624501435}{\list\listtemplateid677159408\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1629760630\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid875435625}{\list\listtemplateid556685654{\listlevel\levelnfc0
\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid976765889}{\list\listtemplateid-2068305472
\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc22\levelnfcn22\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace426\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-1286421614\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li786\lin786 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li1506\lin1506 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-180\li2226\lin2226 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li2946\lin2946 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li3666\lin3666 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-180\li4386\lin4386 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li5106\lin5106 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-360\li5826\lin5826 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 
\fi-180\li6546\lin6546 }{\listname ;}\listid1278679359}{\list\listtemplateid-303139740\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc22\levelnfcn22\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace426\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-1286421614
\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li786\lin786 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577
\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1506\lin1506 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2226\lin2226 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567
\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2946\lin2946 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577
\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3666\lin3666 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579
\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4386\lin4386 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567
\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5106\lin5106 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577
\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5826\lin5826 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6546\lin6546 }{\listname ;}\listid1362366032}{\list\listtemplateid483055740\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
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\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8378 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16598296 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8378 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16598296 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8378 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16598296 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8378 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid13456472\sftnbj {\footerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s24\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8378 
 PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid15276090 29}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8378 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s24\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8378 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
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\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 AT SUVA
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4733235\charrsid4879105 RIMINAL PETITION }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 
NO. CAV0018 OF 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 (On an appeal from the Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. ABU 010 of 2014)
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5179775\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 BETWEEN:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 MAHENDRA PAL CHAUDHRY}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 
\par 
\par AND:
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 
\par THE STATE
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 Respondent
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 Coram:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15929023\charrsid4879105 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 Hon. Justice Saleem 
Marsoof, Judge of the Supreme Court\line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15929023\charrsid4879105 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 Hon. Justice Almeida Guneratne, Judge of Supreme Court
\line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15929023\charrsid4879105 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 Hon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105  Justice A.L.Brito Mutunayagam, Judge of Supreme Court
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 Counsel:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 
Mr. A. K. Singh for the Petitioner\line Mr. C. Grossman QC, Ms E. Yang with Mr. M. Korovou for the Respondent
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 Date of Hearing:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 Thursday, 30th October, 2014
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4733235\charrsid4879105 Date of Judgment:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4733235\charrsid4879105  Friday}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 , 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8075578\charrsid4879105 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 th November, 2014
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15929023\charrsid4879105 Justice S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 aleem Marsoof 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15929023\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8398184\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 01.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8398184\charrsid4879105  The Petitioner seeks}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5005343\charrsid4879105  leave to appeal from a judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8398184\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2260758\charrsid4879105 dated 14th August 2014 }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8398184\charrsid4879105 of the Fiji Court of Appeal (Chandra J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5005343\charrsid4879105 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11741357\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5005343\charrsid4879105 , Temo JA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11741357\charrsid4879105 .,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5005343\charrsid4879105  and Kotigalage JA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11741357\charrsid4879105 .,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5005343\charrsid4879105 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11741357\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8398184\charrsid4879105 which affirmed his conviction by the High Court of Suva (Madigan J.) for the alleged violation of Sections 3,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5005343\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8398184\charrsid4879105 4 and 26(1) of the Exchange Control Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5005343\charrsid4879105 
 (Cap. 211)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8398184\charrsid4879105  with a variation of the sentence. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8398184\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6229145\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 02.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6229145\charrsid4879105 Before considering the grounds urged by the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2260758\charrsid4879105 in support of his application for leave to appeal, it may}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6229145\charrsid4879105  be useful to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14557040\charrsid4879105 give some brief background to the case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid855555\charrsid4879105 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6229145\charrsid4879105 
the material facts on the basis of which the High Court found the Petitioner guilty of the aforesaid violations of the Exchange Control Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12724339\charrsid4879105  of Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6229145\charrsid4879105 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1118086\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12465015\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12465015\charrsid4879105 The Background
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1118086\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1118086\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 03.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1118086\charrsid4879105 The Petitioner, who was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6895202\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6895202\charrsid4879105 
first elected to Parliament at the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4094812\charrsid4879105  general election}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16337495\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6895202\charrsid4879105 held in 1987}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16337495\charrsid4879105  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6895202\charrsid4879105  appointed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105  as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6895202\charrsid4879105  the Minister of Finance and Economic Planning}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4094812\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6895202\charrsid4879105 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4094812\charrsid4879105 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6895202\charrsid4879105  coalition government which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4094812\charrsid4879105 lasted barely a month}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16337495\charrsid4879105 , has been in active politics}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105 the leadership of the Labour Party}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16337495\charrsid4879105  since then. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4094812\charrsid4879105 Having suffered defeat at the subsequent general election held in 1994, the Petitioner was once again }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1118086\charrsid4879105 elected}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4145933\charrsid4879105  to Parliament at the elections held in 1999}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105  and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4094812\charrsid4879105 beca}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6247513\charrsid4879105 me Fiji's first Indo-Fijian Prime Minister on 19}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6247513\charrsid4879105  May 1999. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4094812\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4094812\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 04.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 Exactly a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6247513\charrsid4879105  year later, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4094812\charrsid4879105 on 19 May 2000}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105 , the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4094812\charrsid4879105 Petit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7881168\charrsid4879105 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4094812\charrsid4879105 oner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6247513\charrsid4879105  and most of his Cabinet were taken hostage in a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6247513\charrsid4879105 coup d
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14502256\charrsid4879105 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6247513\charrsid4879105 etat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16337495\charrsid4879105 
, and was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14502256\charrsid4879105  sacked by the then President Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara on 27th May 2000}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14502256\charrsid4879105 on the ground that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16337495\charrsid4879105 he was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14502256\charrsid4879105 
unable to exercise the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14502256\charrsid4879105 duties of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16337495\charrsid4879105 his }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14502256\charrsid4879105 office. No sooner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6449994\charrsid4879105  than }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14502256\charrsid4879105 
the Petit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11741357\charrsid4879105 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14502256\charrsid4879105 oner was released after }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6247513\charrsid4879105 56 days in ca}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14502256\charrsid4879105 ptivity, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1118086\charrsid4879105 
he went to Australia for medical treatment, and from there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4145933\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15219717\charrsid4879105  proceeded}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1118086\charrsid4879105  to India. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14502256\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 05.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105 While in India, the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105  came by certain funds which constitute the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11741357\charrsid4879105 subject matter of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105 these proceedings,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105  alleged}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105  to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105 donations }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105 received }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105 from the government of India and other sources, ostensibly to assist}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105  the Petitioner and his family }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105 to settle down in Australia. These funds were invested by the Petitioner in Australia and New Zealand, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11741357\charrsid4879105 but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105 the Petitioner did not choose to acquire permanent residency in Australia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 06.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105 The Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105 returned to Fiji }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7881168\charrsid4879105 in October 2000, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105 in time to contest the general election held in 2001, wh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13909335\charrsid4879105 ence even}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 though his party was defeated, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3879233\charrsid4879105 
he was able to retain his seat in Parliament}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 . Thereafter, a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1073023\charrsid4879105 
lthough the Labour Party led by the Petitioner won }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5666090\charrsid4879105 several by-elections conducted in 2004,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1073023\charrsid4879105 
 and did considerably better at the general election held in 2006, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10831554\charrsid4879105 
 continued to remain in the opposition. Following the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4416027\charrsid4879105 coup}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4416027\charrsid4879105  t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10831554\charrsid4879105 hat took place in December 2006,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4416027\charrsid4879105  the Petitioner accepted the pos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10831554\charrsid4879105 t of Minister of Finance in an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4416027\charrsid4879105 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10831554\charrsid4879105 terim government}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid218849\charrsid4879105  on 7th January 2007}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10831554\charrsid4879105 , but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4416027\charrsid4879105 
resigned from this portfolio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105  on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4416027\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid218849\charrsid4879105 23rd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4416027\charrsid4879105 August 2008}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10831554\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4416027\charrsid4879105 along with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12465015\charrsid4879105  two other Ministers from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4416027\charrsid4879105  the Labour Party}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10831554\charrsid4879105 , who had been part of the interim government.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12465015\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12465015\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12465015\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105 Material Facts
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7881168\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 07.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 It is significant that certain crucial facts that were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105 
material to the charges on which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7881168\charrsid4879105 the Petitioner was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 later }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7881168\charrsid4879105 convicted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5513502\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5513502\charrsid4879105 admitted by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5513502\charrsid4879105 Petitioner at the trial. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105 It is evident from the Agreed Facts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 marked P1 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105 filed on 2nd April 2014 that the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105  received the sums totalling over Australian}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105  Dollars 1,500,000.00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 (AUD }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105 $1.5 million}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2125305\charrsid4879105 
 in the form of donations from people in India to assist the Petitioner and his family to leave Fiji following the political upheaval in Fiji in May 2000 and to es}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14638735\charrsid4879105 
tablish residence in Australia. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5179775\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 08.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5179775\charrsid4879105 Admittedly, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 the said sum of AUD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14638735\charrsid4879105  $1.5 million}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14638735\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14638735\charrsid4879105 was made up of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 AUD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14638735\charrsid4879105  $503,000 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8617237\charrsid4879105 deposited on 1st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105  November 2000, AUD}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8617237\charrsid4879105  $486,890 deposited on 22nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105  February 2001 and AUD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8617237\charrsid4879105  $514,148.50 deposited on 15th April 2002 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8617237\charrsid4879105 into }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12412386\charrsid4879105 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14638735\charrsid4879105  Cash Management Call Account bearing No. 06-2245-1008}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14443898\charrsid4879105 8252 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12412386\charrsid4879105 
opened in the name of the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14443898\charrsid4879105 with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12412386\charrsid4879105 the New South Wales branch of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14443898\charrsid4879105 the Commonwealth Bank of}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14638735\charrsid4879105  Australia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12412386\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8617237\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8617237\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 09.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 It is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5179775\charrsid4879105 common ground }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14443898\charrsid4879105 the said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14443898\charrsid4879105  sum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 s aggregating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 AUD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14443898\charrsid4879105  $1.5 million w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 ere }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14443898\charrsid4879105 deposited into the Petitioner\rquote s aforesaid bank account in the Commonwealth Bank of Australia with the knowledge and approval of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 Petitioner as well as the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14443898\charrsid4879105 
Indian Government, and in particular, that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8617237\charrsid4879105 the aforesaid sum of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 AUD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7881168\charrsid4879105  $}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8617237\charrsid4879105 514,148.50 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14638735\charrsid4879105 was deposited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8617237\charrsid4879105 
 directly into the Petitioners aforesaid Cash Management Call Account bearing No. 06-2245-10088252 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8617237\charrsid4879105 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 aforesaid }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8617237\charrsid4879105 Bank on 15th April 2002 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14638735\charrsid4879105 by the Office of t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14443898\charrsid4879105 he Consul-General of Government of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14638735\charrsid4879105  India}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14443898\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7881168\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5179775\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 10.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5179775\charrsid4879105 There is no dispute that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 , at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12412386\charrsid4879105 all material times, that is f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5513502\charrsid4879105 rom 1st}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105  November 2000, when the first}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5513502\charrsid4879105  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105 of the several }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5513502\charrsid4879105 deposit}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5513502\charrsid4879105  was made}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12412386\charrsid4879105  in the Commonwealth Bank of Australia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5513502\charrsid4879105  until 23 July 2010,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12412386\charrsid4879105 
 on which date the Director of Public Prosecution filed charges against the Petitioner, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5513502\charrsid4879105 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105 total }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 sum of AUD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12412386\charrsid4879105  $1.5 million, initially deposited in the Petitioner\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5513502\charrsid4879105 
Cash Management Call Account }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12412386\charrsid4879105 at the aforesaid Bank}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7679603\charrsid4879105  were held by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105  the Petitioner in his own name. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 11.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105 It is also admitted that the aggregate sum of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 AUD}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105  $1.5 million initially deposited in the Petitioner\rquote 
s aforesaid Cash Management Call Account at the Commonwealth Bank of Australia did not remain in the said account throughout the material times, and were partly or wholly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 moved }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7679603\charrsid4879105 into }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8868458\charrsid4879105 other accounts of the same Bank or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5007415\charrsid4879105 invested or re-}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8868458\charrsid4879105 invested }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 from time to time }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7679603\charrsid4879105 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8868458\charrsid4879105 
certain other financial institutions in Australia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9053698\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8868458\charrsid4879105 as shown in Agreed Facts 16 to 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9053698\charrsid4879105  and 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1987953\charrsid4879105 , except for a sum of New Zealand $150,000 which was deposited on or about 26th March 2001 into the Petitioner\rquote 
s Term Deposit Account No. 981000000116059 with ANZ National Bank Limited, New Zealand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7679603\charrsid4879105 . T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105 he said funds derived from the initial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 deposits amounting to AUD}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105  $1.5 million, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9053698\charrsid4879105 continued }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7679603\charrsid4879105 up to 23rd July 2010 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9053698\charrsid4879105 
to remain invested in Australia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1987953\charrsid4879105  and New Zealand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9053698\charrsid4879105 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 12.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11872136\charrsid4879105 t is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105 common ground that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105 
all foreign currency including Australian dollars and New Zealand dollars are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12724339\charrsid4879105 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105 
specified currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12724339\charrsid4879105 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105  for the purposes of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13909335\charrsid4879105 inter-alia Sections 3, 4,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13909335\charrsid4879105 and 26 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105 the Exchange Control Act of Fiji, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13516859\charrsid4879105 and that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12192989\charrsid4879105 
neither the Petitioner nor the Commonwealth Bank of Australia or any of the other financial institutions in which the aforesaid sum of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 AUD}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12192989\charrsid4879105  $1.5 million had been invested or re-invested during material times}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5179775\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12192989\charrsid4879105  were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12724339\charrsid4879105 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12192989\charrsid4879105 authorised dealers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12724339\charrsid4879105 \'94 as defined in Section 2(1) of the said Act. Admittedly, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 
the aforesaid }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 fund totalling AUD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12724339\charrsid4879105  $ 1.5 million o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 r any part thereof}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12724339\charrsid4879105 , which c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 onsist}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12724339\charrsid4879105 ed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 of \'93specified currency\'94 within the meaning of Section}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12192989\charrsid4879105  4 of the said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 Act, had n}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12192989\charrsid4879105 ever }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4019047\charrsid4879105 been brought into Fij}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12192989\charrsid4879105 i or converted to Fiji currency. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12192989\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5393850\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5393850\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 13.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5393850\charrsid4879105 There }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15167737\charrsid4879105 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5393850\charrsid4879105 no dispute that the Petitioner had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11298373\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5393850\charrsid4879105  after being questioned by the Fiji Island Reserve and Custom Authority (FIRCA)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11298373\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5393850\charrsid4879105 
disclosed the source of the aforesaid funds and paid all taxes due under Fiji law with respect to the income derived by the Petitioner from the aforesaid investments in Australia and New Zealand.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2192607\charrsid4879105  Since all the 31 Agreed Facts filed and adopted by Court on 2nd April 2014 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2192607\charrsid4879105 have been reproduced in full at paragraph [30] of the impugned judgment of the Court of Appeal, I do not con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1596087\charrsid4879105 sider it necessary to repeat }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2192607\charrsid4879105 them in this judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7891466\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7891466\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid730065\charrsid4879105 The Charges, the Conviction and the Sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7891466\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5131981\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11298373\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 14.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11298373\charrsid4879105 The case against the Petitioner went to trial on the following charges}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7891466\charrsid4879105 
 contained in the amended information dated 3rd October 2013}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11298373\charrsid4879105 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105  
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6449994\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 FIRST COUNT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3411512 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 Statement of Offence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3411512 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 FAILURE TO SURRENDER FOREIGN CURRENCY}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
: Contrary to Section 4 of the Exchange Control Act, Cap 211 and section 1 of Part II of the Fifth Schedule of the Exchange Control Act, Cap 211.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3411512 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 Particulars of Offence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3411512 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 MAHENDRA PAL CHAUDHRY}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\b\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 in between the 1st }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 day of November 2000 and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 23rd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 da
y of July 2010, at Suva in the Central Division being a resident in Fiji entitled to sell foreign currency but not being an authorised dealer, however being required by law to offer it for sale to an authorized dealer, retained the sum of $1,500,000.00 ($
1.5 million) Australian Dollars for his own use and benefit, without the consent of the Governor of the Reserve Bank of Fiji.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 SECOND COUNT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 Statement of Offence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par DEALING IN FOREIGN CURRENCY OTHERWISE THAN WITH AN AUTHORISED DEALER WITHOUT PERMISSION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 : Contrary to Section 3 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 Exchange Control Act,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 Cap 211 and section 1 of Part II\~of the Fifth Schedule of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 Exchange Control Act, Cap 211.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par Particulars of Offence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 MAHENDRA PAL CHAUDHRY\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 in between the 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 st }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 day of November 2000 and the 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 rd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 day of July 2010, 
at Suva in the Central Division being a resident in Fiji but not being an authorised dealer, did lend the sum of $1,500,000.00 ($1.5 million) Australian Dollars to persons otherwise than an authorized dealer, namely the Financial Institutions in Australia
 and New Zealand as listed in Annexure marked "A", without the permission of the Governor of the Reserve Bank of Fiji.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par THIRD COUNT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 Statement of Offence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par FAILURE TO COLLECT DEBTS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 : Contrary to Section 26(1)(a) of the Exchange Control Act, Cap 211 and section 1 of\~Part II\~
of the Fifth Schedule of the Exchange Control Act,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105\charrsid4879105 http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/eca170/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 Cap 211.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13006938\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 Particulars of Offence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2192607\charrsid4879105 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 MAHENDRA PAL CHAUDHRY}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 \~}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 in between the 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 st }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 day of November 2000 and the 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 
rd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 day of July 2010, at Suva in the
 Central Division being a resident in Fiji having the right to receive a sum of $1,500,000.00 ($1.5 million) Australian Dollars from the Financial Institutions in Australia and New Zealand as listed in Annexure marked "A", caused the delay of payment of t
he said sum, in whole or in part, to himself by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
uthorizing the continual re-investment of the said sum together with interest acquired back into the said Financial Institutions without the consent of the Governor of the Reserve Bank of Fiji."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14492007\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 15.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14492007\charrsid4879105 The case aga
inst the Petitioner was taken up for trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15167737\charrsid4879105 in the High Court of Suva }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14492007\charrsid4879105 on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5393850\charrsid4879105 1st April 2014, on which date}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid23181\charrsid4879105  certain documents were exchanged between the prosecution and the defence and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14492007\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5393850\charrsid4879105 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid23181\charrsid4879105 four}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4787239\charrsid4879105  a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5393850\charrsid4879105 ssessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid23181\charrsid4879105  were sworn in. Since the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105  learned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid23181\charrsid4879105  Counsel wished to have mo
re time to decide on the Agreed Facts, the trial was adjourned to the next day.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14557040\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 16.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14557040\charrsid4879105 
On 2nd April 2014, a list containing 31 Agreed Facts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105 
which were agreed between the prosecution and the defence in terms of Section 135 of the Criminal Procedure Code and signed by the learned Counsel for the defence and the prosecution, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14557040\charrsid4879105 was filed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105  in Court and accepted by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105 . These }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105 greed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105 acts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105  marked P1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105 
 have been reproduced in full at paragraph [30] of the judgment of the Court of Appeal dated 14th August 2014 and have been summarised by me in paragraphs 7 to 13 of this judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 17.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105  A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14557040\charrsid4879105 
fter the usual formalities including the Petitioner pleading not guilty to th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4787239\charrsid4879105 e charges, the briefing of the a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14557040\charrsid4879105 ssessors by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14557040\charrsid4879105  and the opening addresses by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105  learned}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14557040\charrsid4879105  Counsel,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105  on 2nd April 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14557040\charrsid4879105  the evidence of Sabrina Hanif, Board Secretary of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105 Reserve Bank of Fiji was led by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14557040\charrsid4879105 
 the prosecution. The witness was cross-examined briefly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105 by learned Counsel for the defence, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14557040\charrsid4879105 and there were no questions in re-examination. The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105 reafter the
 leaned Counsel for the defence took up the position that there is no case to answer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5319192\charrsid4879105 
 in terms of Section 231(1) of the Criminal Procedure Decree of 2009}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105 , and both learned Counsel then addressed Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105  in that regard}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105 . The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105  adjourned Court to make his ruling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5319192\charrsid4879105  as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7679603\charrsid4879105  to whether there was a case for the defence to }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5319192\charrsid4879105 answer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7679603\charrsid4879105 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105 the next day.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7679603\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 18.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105 On 3rd April 2014, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2363663\charrsid4879105  made a r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4718691\charrsid4879105 uling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105  call}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4718691\charrsid4879105 ing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105 upon the defence to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4718691\charrsid4879105 commence its }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105 ca}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4718691\charrsid4879105 
se and explained to the Petitioner his rights as accused. Learned Counsel for the d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105 
efence informed Court that the Petitioner does not intend to give evidence or make }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105 unsworn statement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4718691\charrsid4879105 , and that there will be no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6568816\charrsid4879105  other witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1922462\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4718691\charrsid4879105  After }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2363663\charrsid4879105 the closing addresses of learned Counsel, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4409768\charrsid4879105  commenced his summing up, that}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2363663\charrsid4879105  was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9512766\charrsid4879105 continued on the next day. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9512766\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 19.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9512766\charrsid4879105 On }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2363663\charrsid4879105 4th April 2014, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9512766\charrsid4879105 after the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9512766\charrsid4879105  concluded his summing up, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9452037\charrsid4879105 the a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2363663\charrsid4879105 ssessors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9512766\charrsid4879105 took time to deliberate, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2363663\charrsid4879105 returned a unanimous verdict finding the Petitioner guilty of all charges.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1922462\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9512766\charrsid4879105 On the same day at 3 pm, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9512766\charrsid4879105  pronounced his judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9452037\charrsid4879105  concurring with the opinion of the assessors. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9452037\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9452037\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9452037\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 20.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9452037\charrsid4879105  In his aforesaid judgment dated 4th April 2014, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9452037\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6449994\charrsid4879105 stated that the offences with}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9512766\charrsid4879105  which the Petitioner had been charged with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4524451\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9512766\charrsid4879105 are offences of strict liability and the elements of each offence are before the Court as agreed facts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9512766\charrsid4879105  The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105  trial Judge also noted that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9512766\charrsid4879105 
re has been no defence evidence that would explain or contradict those inculpatory facts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9452037\charrsid4879105 Addressing t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4524451\charrsid4879105 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9452037\charrsid4879105 Petitioner, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4524451\charrsid4879105  observed as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15149346\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 There is no question that you at all relevant times were resident in Fiji; there is no question that you were in con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 trol of approximately AUD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
 $1.5 million in Australia and New Zealand. Having been aware at least as early as October 2009 of the probability of breach of provisions of the Exchange Control Act, you have done nothing to repatriate the funds to an authorised dealer in Fiji.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7096456\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4524451\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 21.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4524451\charrsid4879105 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4524451\charrsid4879105 
 accordingly found the Petitioner guilty of each count in the information, and convicted him for the violation of Sections}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6838404\charrsid4879105 
 4, 3 and 26 of the Exchange Control Act. Pending sentence, the Petitioner was also ordered not to access any of the funds held abroad until sentence is passed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12784663\charrsid4879105  The case was adjourned for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13311553\charrsid4879105 
1st May 2014 at 9.30 am for consideration of sentence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15149346\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13311553\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 22.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13311553\charrsid4879105 On 
1st May 2014 after examining medical reports as to the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13311553\charrsid4879105 s condition of health, his previous convictions and hearing three witnesses as to character, Ratu Epeli Ganilau, Taufa Vakatale and Kevin Bar, all called by the defence, the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13311553\charrsid4879105  by h
is sentence judgment dated 2nd May 2014 ordered as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3411512\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15149346\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
1. I order that the convictions remain recorded against the accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 s name.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
\par 2. I order that he pay a fine of 20,000 penalty units (equivalent to FJD$2 million).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15149346\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 3. I order that the fine be paid into Court by 30 June 2014 failing which he is to serve a term of imprisonment of 15 months in default.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 4. If MPC }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105 
(which is an abbreviat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1909040\charrsid4879105 ion }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15028089\charrsid4879105 
of the full name of the Petitioner) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 is to serve a term of imprisonment pursuant to Order No.3 hereof, he is to s
erve a minimum term of 12 months before being eligible for parole.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 5. MPC is to comply with the terms of the E.C.A. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1909040\charrsid4879105 (Exchange Control Act) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
and offer all of his foreign funds held abroad to an authorised dealer, such repatriation to be effected by 31 July 2014. Failure to do so will make him liable to prosecution for continuing breach of the E.C.A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
\par 6. I order that the prohibition to access his funds be lifted as of today.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
\par 7. I order that the accused continue to be barred from travel out of Fiji until he has complied with Orders 2, 3 and 4. Once the fine is paid or the sentence is served he will then be free of restrictions save as to the need to comply with Order 5.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9847765\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1212153\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 23.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1212153\charrsid4879105 The Petitioner appealed to the Court of Appeal against his conviction and sentence, and the Court of Appeal by its impugned judgment dated 14th August 2014 affirmed the conviction }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5904885\charrsid4879105 but varied the sentence. Chandra JA, in his judgment with which Temo JA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5469083\charrsid4879105 .,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5904885\charrsid4879105  and Kotigalage JA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5469083\charrsid4879105 .,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5904885\charrsid4879105 
 concurred, expressed the view that in all the circumstances of the case, the quantum of the fine imposed by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5904885\charrsid4879105  was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5904885\charrsid4879105 excessive and that it should be reduced}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5904885\charrsid4879105 , and acting in terms of Section 23 of the Court of Appeal Act, brought down the fine }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 imposed by the High Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5904885\charrsid4879105 by half}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 , that is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5904885\charrsid4879105  from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid730065\charrsid4879105 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 JD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid730065\charrsid4879105  $2 million}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5904885\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 to FJD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid730065\charrsid4879105  $1 million. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5904885\charrsid4879105 The Court of Appeal affirmed the conviction and the sentence subject to the aforesaid reduction of the fine.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid730065\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16583291\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16583291\charrsid4879105 The Application for Special Leave to Appeal
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16583291\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16583291\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 24.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16583291\charrsid4879105 The Petitione}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3743790\charrsid4879105 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  in this application seeks}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16583291\charrsid4879105  special leave to appeal against the said judgment of the Court of Appeal dated 14th August 2014.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8398184\charrsid4879105 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2957503\charrsid4879105 he principal grounds, upon which}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8591137\charrsid4879105  his petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  dated 18th August 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8591137\charrsid4879105  is premised}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 , as set out in paragraph 2 of the said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9452037\charrsid4879105  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2957503\charrsid4879105 petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 , are that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2957503\charrsid4879105 
the Court of Appeal erred in fact and law in upholding the conviction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14120051\charrsid4879105  of the Petitioner in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2957503\charrsid4879105 
the High Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14120051\charrsid4879105  wherein the learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14120051\charrsid4879105  had- }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3743790\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3743790\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 prejudiced the subject matter of the trial in a pre-trial ruling (HAM 236/239 of 2013);
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
made findings of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  without giving the Petitioner a right to reply to such adverse findings, in his sentencing ruling, when there was no tested evidence to support such findings;
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 misdirected the assessors that the Petitioner needed permission from the Reserve Bank of Fiji to hold monies in his overseas bank account;

\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 misdirected the as
sessors that P3 was evidence of the refusal by the Reserve Bank of Fiji for the Petitioner to hold funds abroad when P3 made no such representation;
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 failed to provide any direction to the assessors that a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 right to receive specified currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  was an elem
ent of the offence under Section 26(1) of the Exchange Control Act and which element the Respondent had to prove beyond reasonable doubt in the absence of any agreed facts;
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (f)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 held that that the Petitioner was required to repatriate all monies held in his overseas bank account;
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (g)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 failed to provide any direction to the assessors that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 an entitlement to sell foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
 was an element of the offence under section 3(1) of the Exchange Control Act and which the Respondent had to prove beyond reasonable doubt in the absence of any agreed facts;
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (h)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 failed to provide any direction to the assessors that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 an entitlement to sell foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
 was an element of the offence under Section 4(1) of the Exchange Control Act and which element the Respondent had to prove beyond reasonable doubt in the absence of any agreed facts;
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 failed to provide any direction to the assessors that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13056189\charrsid4879105 cause to offer for sale}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9729853\charrsid4879105 foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9729853\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13056189\charrsid4879105 was an element of the offence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9729853\charrsid4879105 under Section 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
(1) of the Exchange Control Act and which element the Respondent had to prove beyond reasonable doubt in the absence of any agreed facts;
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (j)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 failed to provide any direction to the assessors that the Petitioner had become }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 
"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 bound to offer for sale any foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  under Section 4(1) of the Exchange Control Act and which element the Respondent had to prove beyond reasonable doubt in the absence of any agreed facts;
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (k)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 failed to direct the assessors on the conjunctive and constituent elements of the element of foreign currency as it related to section
 3(1) and 4(1) of the Exchange Control Act;
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (l)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5469083\charrsid4879105 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
ailed to properly direct the assessors on the objects and application of the Exchange Control Act;
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (m)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 misdirected the assessors that the Petitioner had lent monies to an overseas financial institution by having 
monies deposited into such account by staff of the Indian Consul General and further misdirected the assessors on the law of banking by failing to consider the definition of banking business as defined in the Banking Act.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (n)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 misdirected the assessors on directions that the ser}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 vice or}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  knowledge of Ministerial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 /
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
Reserve Bank of Fiji directions were a pre-requisite to a finding of guilt of an offence as per section 39(3) of the Exchange Control Act;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (o)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
misdirected himself on the delegation of powers under sectio
n 39(4) of the Exchange Control Act as it related to the correct legal entity (as per delegation of powers vide Legal Notice 98 of 1981) whose permission was required for matters relating to foreign currency under the Exchange Control Act;
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (p)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 misdirected himself and the assessors beyond what was in the Agreed Facts and what was said and exhibited in evidence; and
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (q)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 exceeded the jurisdiction of the Exchange Control Act in considering and applying aggravating factors when arriving at sentence.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 25.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 In paragraph 3 of the said petition, th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8734002\charrsid4879105 e Petitioner has submitted that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2957503\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12126419\charrsid4879105 arriving at its judgment, the Court of Appeal failed to or misapplied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11221673\charrsid4879105 and/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10163541\charrsid4879105 or failed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11221673\charrsid4879105  to correctly apply the following:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2957503\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8734002\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
the Interpretation of Sections 26(1) and 4(1) of the Exchange Control Act as enunciated by the Supreme Court in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  Governor of Reserve Bank of Fiji v Reddy}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 s Enterprise Ltd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
[1996] FJSC 6; CBV0001.1993 (10 October 1996);
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
the ratio of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 First Mortgage Ltd v Romanella Pty Ltd & }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 Others [1992] FJHC 80; [1992] 38}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 FLR 71 (22 April 1992) as it relates to the application of the Exchange Control Act;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
the definition of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  in the Exchange Control Act;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
the definition of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  in the Exchange Control Act;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
the applicable legal principles and precedent enunciated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7078522\charrsid4879105 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7078522\charrsid4879105  Ram v State }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 [2012] FJSC; CAV 0001.2011 (9 May 2012), where the Supreme Court held that all the constituent elements of an offence must be put to the assessors for determination and which the learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  had failed to do;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (f)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
the applicable legal principles and precedent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  in State v Li Jun }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
[2008] FJSC 18; CAV 0017.2007S(13 October 2008), where the Supreme Court held that all elements of the charge/s against the Petitioner had to be proved beyond reasonable doubt;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (g)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
the purpose and application of the Exchange Control Act and its non applicability to a gratuitous gift}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  and}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8734002\charrsid4879105  
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7078522\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (h)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 
the mandatory conjunctive statutory requirements of failing to give information and books for aggravating factors, as prescribed in Part II of the Fifth Schedule at Section 4 (b) of the Exchange Control Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8734002\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8734002\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 26.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105 Accordingly, the petitioner has further submitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15167737\charrsid4879105  in paragraph 4 of his petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3371802\charrsid4879105  that the impugned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 judgment of the Court of Appeal dated 14th August 2014 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11221673\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9243006\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
 contains serious errors of fact and law on matters of fundamental public import
ance and interest and has the propensity to affect all residents of Fiji who have private overseas bank accounts and whether such accounts come within the purview of the Exchange Control Act;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
was legally incorrect in holding that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid742898\charrsid4879105 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
\par (i)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid742898\charrsid4879105 pre-judgment regarding the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105  applicability of the Exchange Control Act, 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid742898\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105  \tab misdirection on elements of offence}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid742898\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 errors of law in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid742898\charrsid4879105 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 definition of lending, failing to put to the assessors the direction that i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid742898\charrsid4879105 n the absence of agreement the p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 rosecution had to prove }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15866071\charrsid4879105 each 
and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 every element of the offence; and
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7096456\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iv)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7096456\charrsid4879105 sentenc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 ing errors by Madigan J in the High Court.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-426\li1560\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1560\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1560\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1560\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
did not prejudice the Petitioner in dismissing the appeal and the invocation of the provisions pursuant to section 23(1) of the Court of Appeal Act when such a findin
g is contrary to the principles of administration of criminal justice and contrary to section 15(1) of the 2013 Constitution;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid742898\charrsid4879105 i}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 f allowed to stand substantial and grave injustic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid742898\charrsid4879105 e would occur to the Petitioner; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid742898\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
denied}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid742898\charrsid4879105  the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8682883\charrsid4879105 s right to}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105  a fair trial and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8682883\charrsid4879105 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
in breach of his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 fundamental rights in contravention of the Constitution of Fiji 2013.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5130768\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 27.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5130768\charrsid4879105 Before considering in detail the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 aforesaid grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14240796\charrsid4879105  and submissions presented by the Petitioner fo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6102436\charrsid4879105 r seeking special leave to appeal, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5130768\charrsid4879105 it is important to note that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9243006\charrsid4879105 while}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14240796\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9243006\charrsid4879105 Section 98(3)(b) of the Constitution of t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15167737\charrsid4879105 he Republic of Fiji confers on t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9243006\charrsid4879105 he Supreme Court the exclusive jurisdiction, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9243006\charrsid4879105 subject to such requirements as prescribed by law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9243006\charrsid4879105 , to hear and determine appeals from all final judgments of the Court of Appeal,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9243006\charrsid4879105 Section 7(2) of the Supreme Court Act No. 14 of 1998, sets out stringent criteria for the gr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9139986\charrsid4879105 
ant of special leave to appeal in the following manner:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3491524\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7096456\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10945466\charrsid4879105 
In relation to a criminal matter, the Supreme Court must not grant special leave to appeal unless \endash 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10945466\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10945466\charrsid4879105 (a) a question of general legal importance is involved;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10945466\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5130768\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10945466\charrsid4879105 (b) a substantial question of principle affecting the administration of criminal justice is involved; or
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10945466\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10945466\charrsid4879105 (c) substantial and grave injustice could otherwise occur.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10945466\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10945466\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5130768\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 28.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5130768\charrsid4879105 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1665187\charrsid4879105 t is manifest from the language used in the above quoted provision of the Supreme Court Act that special leave should not be granted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5130768\charrsid4879105 
as a matter of course. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 It is noteworthy that, a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10945466\charrsid4879105 s t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6061989\charrsid4879105 his Court was constrain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5130768\charrsid4879105 ed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6061989\charrsid4879105 to observe in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6061989\charrsid4879105 Aminiasi Katonivualiku v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6061989\charrsid4879105 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6061989\charrsid4879105 [2003] FJSC 17; CAV0001.1999 (17 April 2003)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6061989\charrsid4879105  at page 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5130768\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li426\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin426\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105 ......the Supreme Court is not a Count of criminal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15866071\charrsid4879105  appeal or general review nor is
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105  there an appeal to the Court as a matter of right and, whilst we accept that in an application for special leave some elaboration on the
 grounds of appeal may have to be entertained, the Court is necessarily confined within the legal parameters set out above, to an appeal against the judgment of the Court of Appeal which in this instance, was an order for a new trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6061989\charrsid4879105 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6061989\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 29.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105 The above passage 
has been cited with approval in subsequent decisions o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10945466\charrsid4879105 f this Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105 such as }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105 Raura v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105  [2006] FJSC 4;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2566932\charrsid4879105  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105 CAV0010U.2005S (4 May 2006)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105 Chand v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11685633\charrsid4879105 
 [2012]FJSC 6; CAV14/2010 (9th May 2012). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14249162\charrsid4879105 Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15616939\charrsid4879105 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2566932\charrsid4879105  parameters of Section 7(2) of the Supreme Court are demarcated by the concepts of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2566932\charrsid4879105 general legal importance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2566932\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2566932\charrsid4879105 substantial question of principle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2566932\charrsid4879105  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2566932\charrsid4879105 substantial and grave injustice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2566932\charrsid4879105 , which were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3159074\charrsid4879105  amply}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2566932\charrsid4879105  illustrated in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15616939\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14249162\charrsid4879105 the following }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14249162\charrsid4879105 dictum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14249162\charrsid4879105  of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14249162\charrsid4879105 
Lord Sumner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15616939\charrsid4879105 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14249162\charrsid4879105 Ibrahim v Rex}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14249162\charrsid4879105  [1914] A.C. 599 at page 614:-}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10899824\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 Leave to appeal is not granted }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 
except where some clear departure from the requirements of justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105  exists: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 Riel\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 Reg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 \~(1885) 10 App. Case. 675; nor unless by a disregard of the forms of legal process, or by some violation of the principles of natural justice o
r otherwise, substantial and grave injustice has been done}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 : In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 re Abraham Mallory Dittet}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 \~(1887) 12 App. Case. 459}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3554992\charrsid4879105 
. It is true that these are cases of applications for special leave to appeal, but the Board has repeatedly treated applications for leave to appeal and the hearing of criminal appeals as being upon the same footing:\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3554992\charrsid4879105 Riel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3554992\charrsid4879105 s\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3554992\charrsid4879105 case\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3554992\charrsid4879105 supra; ex parte Deeming }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3554992\charrsid4879105 [1982] A.C. 422. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 The Board cannot give special leave to appeal where the grounds suggested could not sustain the appeal itself; and, conversely, 
it cannot allow an appeal on grounds that would not have sufficed for the grant of permission to bring it. Misdirection, as such, even irregularity as such, will not suffice:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105  Ex parte Macrea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 \~
[1893] A.C. 346. There must be something which, in the particular
 case, deprives the accused of the substance of fair trial and the protection of the law, or which, in general, tends to divert the due and orderly administration of the law into a new course, which may be drawn into an evil precedent in future: }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 Reg.\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 . Bertrand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 \~(1867) L.R. 1 P.C. 520.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5053785\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 30.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5053785\charrsid4879105 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5053785\charrsid4879105 dictum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5053785\charrsid4879105  of Lord Sumner was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7753639\charrsid4879105  adopted as the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7753639\charrsid4879105 locus classicus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7753639\charrsid4879105  o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2177961\charrsid4879105 
n the matter when dealing with applications for leave to appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5053785\charrsid4879105  to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2177961\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3293268\charrsid4879105 from decisions of the Supreme Courts of Sri Lanka
, India and Mauritius }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5053785\charrsid4879105 in criminal cases, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3293268\charrsid4879105 respectively in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14777751\charrsid4879105 {\*\bkmkstart match1}\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14777751\charrsid4879105 Seneviratne}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14777751\charrsid4879105 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14777751\charrsid4879105 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14777751\charrsid4879105 . The\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14777751\charrsid4879105 King}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14777751\charrsid4879105 {\*\bkmkend match1}\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11550416\charrsid4879105 [1936] 3 All ER 36, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14777751\charrsid4879105 AIR [1936] P.C. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14900319\charrsid4879105 289, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14900319\charrsid4879105 Pritam Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14900319\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14900319\charrsid4879105 v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105  AIR [1950] SC}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10048320\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11735019\charrsid4879105 169 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14900319\charrsid4879105 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14900319\charrsid4879105 Badry v The Director of Public Prosecutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14900319\charrsid4879105  [1982] UKPC 1.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3159074\charrsid4879105  The same principles have be
en incorporated into Section 7(2) of the Supreme Court Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14900319\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid815649\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid815649\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 31.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid815649\charrsid4879105 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10048320\charrsid4879105 n the light of these judicial decisions, i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid815649\charrsid4879105 t is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 
necessary to examine }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid815649\charrsid4879105 whether}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10048320\charrsid4879105  any of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid815649\charrsid4879105  the grounds urged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12675273\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid815649\charrsid4879105  and submissions made}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12675273\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid815649\charrsid4879105  by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid815649\charrsid4879105 the Petitioner in his petition seeking special leave to appeal from the impugned decisi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 on of the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12675273\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105  are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10048320\charrsid4879105 of sufficient substance to c}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 ross}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10048320\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 
the stringent threshold laid down in Section 7(2) of the Supreme Court Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8015277\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8015277\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 32.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 For }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10048320\charrsid4879105 convenience, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 
the grounds set out in paragraph 2 of the petition may conveniently be divided into }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105 four main issues, namely, the questions of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105  (i) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 pre-judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105  by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105  in pre-trial ruling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10048320\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105  (paragraph 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 (a))}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14233780\charrsid4879105 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105  (ii) misdirections}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12675273\charrsid4879105  in his summing up and his judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105  (paragraph 2 (c), (d), (e),}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14423324\charrsid4879105  (f),}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105  (g), (h), (i), (j), (k), }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14423324\charrsid4879105 (l), (m), (n)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14233780\charrsid4879105 ,(o) and (p));}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2168180\charrsid4879105  (i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14423324\charrsid4879105 ii}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 ) finding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105 s of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 facts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105 being made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 without giving right of reply}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105 
 to the Petitioner with respect to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 sentencing ruling (paragraph 2 (b))}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14233780\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2835638\charrsid4879105 and (iv) excess of jurisdiction under the Exchange Control Act regarding aggravating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105 factors relevant for sentencing}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14423324\charrsid4879105  (paragraph 2 (q) of the petition)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16339131\charrsid4879105 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12675273\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12675273\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12675273\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 33.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12675273\charrsid4879105 I propose to examine these questions in turn in the light of the submissions contained in paragraph 3 and 4 of the petition, the written submissions filed on behalf of the parties to this applicat
ion and the submissions made by the learned Counsel at the hearing before this Court, noting also that these were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293268\charrsid4879105  more or less}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12675273\charrsid4879105  the same grounds on which the present Petitioner had based his appeal to the Court of Appeal as it becomes clear from paragraph 39 of its impugned judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16457843\charrsid4879105  of that Court dated 14th August 2014 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12675273\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8015277\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8015277\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s18 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8015277\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8015277\charrsid4879105 The Question of Pre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8015277\charrsid4879105 judgment
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8015277\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid485304\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 34.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid485304\charrsid4879105 On the ground of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 pre-judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid485304\charrsid4879105 
 as set out in paragraph 2(a) of the petition, the l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293268\charrsid4879105 earned Counsel for the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3295672\charrsid4879105 etitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid485304\charrsid4879105  simply relies on the following observations of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3295672\charrsid4879105  in paragrap}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293268\charrsid4879105 hs 27 and 28 of his Ruling dated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid485304\charrsid4879105  6th March 2014 }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293268\charrsid4879105 on two interlocutory applications, namely, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid485304\charrsid4879105 HAM 236 and 239 of 2013, and submit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8135114\charrsid4879105 ted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid485304\charrsid4879105  that these paragraphs demonstrate that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 
trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid485304\charrsid4879105  had made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105 premature }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid485304\charrsid4879105 findings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105  of fact and law,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid485304\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 prior to the commencement of the trial, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid485304\charrsid4879105 to the effect that the petitioner has funds in Australia the origin of which are of no consequence}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105  before the trial commenced, and thereby prejudiced the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15558732\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15558732\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 35.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105 Paragraphs 27 and 28 of the aforesaid }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293268\charrsid4879105 uling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105  were to the following ef}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105 ect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3293268\charrsid4879105 :-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls22\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 No matter how the applicant may regard his funds in Australia and no matter what their provenance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 
 the fact is that they represent foreign exchange held by a Fijian resident and as such they are caught by the terms of the Act.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls22\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6449994\charrsid4879105  Reynold}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6449994\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 submissions are well researched, novel and ingenious but unfortunately they are misconceived. The funds being abroad, the legislation creates the\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 nexus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 , and this limb of the applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 s argument has no merit.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16604719\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 36.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16604719\charrsid4879105 Learned Counsel for the Petitioner has in this context referred to the well known statem}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6449994\charrsid4879105 ent of Lord Chief Justice Hewart}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16604719\charrsid4879105  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16604719\charrsid4879105 R v Sussex Justices, ex parte McCarthy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16604719\charrsid4879105  [1924] 1 KB 256, [1923] All ER 233 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16604719\charrsid4879105 
it is not merely of some importance but is of fundamental importance that justice should not only be done, but should manifestly and undoubtedly seen to be done.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16604719\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16604719\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 37.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 It is significant that learn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105 ed Counsel for the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 
had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105 made the identical submission before the Court of Appeal, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105 respond}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105  in paragraph 64 of the impugned judgmen
t }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 by pointing out that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105 
 the learned Counsel has taken paragraphs 27 and 28 out of context, and that when considered in the light of what the learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5839498\charrsid4879105 trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105  had observed in the preceding paragraphs commencing from paragraph 22, it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 would be c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105 lear that there was no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 pre-judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7764723\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 38.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 While it is unnecessary to reproduce paragraphs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16604719\charrsid4879105  22 to 26 of the trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16604719\charrsid4879105 s r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 uling dated 6th March 2014 in full, it would suffice to state that those paragraphs were premised on the argument}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16604719\charrsid4879105 
 put forward on behalf of the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 that Sections 3, 4 and 26 of the Exchange Control Act, on the basis of which the Petitioner had been charged, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7940219\charrsid4879105 cannot apply to the facts as relied upon by the Prosecution and they are therefore bad law and should be quashed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14233780\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10899824\charrsid4879105 (vide paragraph 22 of the Ruling dated 6th March 2014)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13729339\charrsid4879105  
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13729339\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10899824\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 39.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10899824\charrsid4879105 There could}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10899824\charrsid4879105  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10899824\charrsid4879105 event}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10899824\charrsid4879105  be no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 pre-judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10899824\charrsid4879105 
 on the facts as the material facts had been admitted in the several affidavits filed by the Petitioner himself in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3226618\charrsid4879105 
the course of the several interlocutory applications filed by him. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13925831\charrsid4879105 The point was well made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5668007\charrsid4879105 
 by the trial judge himself when dealing with the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5668007\charrsid4879105 s application in HAM 216 of 2013 }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 seeking the recusal of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5668007\charrsid4879105 the trial judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4478986\charrsid4879105 from the trial, in his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5668007\charrsid4879105 uling dated 31st March 2014, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4478986\charrsid4879105 wherein he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5668007\charrsid4879105 observed as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s18 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 In all the
 interlocutory applications made in these proceedings and there have been many, there has never been ever a suggestion that there were no funds in Australia or that the applicant is not a resident in Fiji. Every application has been predicated on the fact
 that he holds monies abroad in Australia and New Zealand and the applications have been whether those funds come within the purview of the Exchange Control Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2320087\charrsid4879105 (}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 ECA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 ) or not. In the latest application (HAM 239/13), the applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
s counsel Mr. Reynolds Q.C. adopted as the main thrust of his argument that those funds had no nexus with Fiji or with Fijian currency and that therefore the ECA provisions are inapplicable to him and his circumstances.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s18 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 7.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
In submissions made to the Court dated 1st November 2013 signed by the solicitor for the applicant, Mr. Anand Singh, paragraphs 13 & 14 provide background facts to an application to quash the information filed against the applicant. Those paragraphs read:

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li1135\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1135\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 13. Those funds were collected between 2000 and 2002 in New
 Delhi and other parts of India, including non resident Indians (sic) to assist the applicant and his family members to establish residence in another country following the political upheaval in Fiji in May 2000.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par 14. The donated funds, totalling approxima
tely AUD 1.5 million were deposited by the Indian Consul General in Sydney into the personal bank account held by the applicant in Australia. The Applicant retained the funds in Australia. In 2004 he disclosed the income generated from interest on the fun
ds, amending his tax returns and paid outstanding taxes to the Fiji Island}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2320087\charrsid4879105 s Revenue and Customs Authority}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s18 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 8.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
Furthermore, the applicant himself swore an affidavit on 10 February 2011 in support of a stay application. In that affidavit he repeated the factua
l background referred to in paragraph 6 hereof and from paragraph 27 to 33 of his affidavit, the applicant personally deposed to the fact that he received those funds and kept them in Australia.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 40.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13265545\charrsid4879105 t is significant to note that at the trial against the Peti
tioner the very facts which the Petitioner contends that the trial Judge had prejudged were admitted by the Petitioner in the Admitted Facts filed on 2nd April 2014. I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105 n }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13441928\charrsid4879105 the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13265545\charrsid4879105 , learned Counsel for the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13441928\charrsid4879105  Petitioner went to the extent of contending that the Agreed Facts were filed subsequent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13265545\charrsid4879105  to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105  the impugned r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13441928\charrsid4879105 uling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13265545\charrsid4879105 
 dated 6th March 2014 on the interlocutory applications bearing reference HAM 236 and 239 of 2013, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13441928\charrsid4879105 but as the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13265545\charrsid4879105  rightly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13441928\charrsid4879105  observed at paragraph 71 of its impugned judgment, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13265545\charrsid4879105 then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13441928\charrsid4879105 the question can be aske}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16734140\charrsid4879105 d as to why they were filed as Agreed F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13441928\charrsid4879105 acts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13265545\charrsid4879105 
if the agreed facts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13441928\charrsid4879105 were supportive of that position stated by the learned trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13265545\charrsid4879105 
 at paragraphs 27 and 28.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13441928\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 41.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13441928\charrsid4879105 In all}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12482676\charrsid4879105  these circumstances, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1464461\charrsid4879105 there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15558732\charrsid4879105 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1464461\charrsid4879105 , in my view, no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 pre-judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15558732\charrsid4879105  in regard to }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1464461\charrsid4879105 the facts,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13265545\charrsid4879105  which of course is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1464461\charrsid4879105  subject to the question as to whether the trial judge as well as the Court of Appeal were right in holding that the Exchange Control Act woul}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13265545\charrsid4879105 d apply to those admitted facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15558732\charrsid4879105  and all the elements of the charges against the Petitioner have been made out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13265545\charrsid4879105 , which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12857051\charrsid4879105 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15558732\charrsid4879105 matter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12857051\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15558732\charrsid4879105  that ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12857051\charrsid4879105 ve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15558732\charrsid4879105  to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13265545\charrsid4879105 considered later in this judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12857051\charrsid4879105 
 In my opinion, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3540310\charrsid4879105 the Petitioner has not crossed the threshold for grant of special leave on the question of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid918215\charrsid4879105 pre-judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105  of material facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 . 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13314474\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 (ii) The Question of the Misdirections
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1464461\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 42.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1464461\charrsid4879105 The next }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5978556\charrsid4879105 matter f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1464461\charrsid4879105 or consideration}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5978556\charrsid4879105  is whether the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1464461\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5978556\charrsid4879105 alleged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1464461\charrsid4879105 misdirections of the trial Judge in his summing up and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5978556\charrsid4879105  / or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1464461\charrsid4879105 his judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5978556\charrsid4879105 referred to in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1464461\charrsid4879105 paragraph 2 (c), (d), (e), }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12210987\charrsid4879105 (f), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1464461\charrsid4879105 (g), (h), (i), (j),}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5978556\charrsid4879105 
 (k), (l), (m), (n),(o) and (p) are sufficiently }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2168180\charrsid4879105 substantial for the grant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5978556\charrsid4879105 
of special leave to appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2168180\charrsid4879105 to this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5978556\charrsid4879105 Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12000082\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1905685\charrsid4879105 It may be noted at the outset that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12000082\charrsid4879105 all these }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2168180\charrsid4879105 grounds }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12000082\charrsid4879105 have been examined by the Court of Appeal in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1905685\charrsid4879105 paragraphs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2168180\charrsid4879105  73 to 140 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2168180\charrsid4879105 impugned judgment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 43.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 All}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3746113\charrsid4879105  alleged misdirections referred to in the aforesaid sub-paragraphs of paragraph 2 of the petition relate to the existence or otherwise of the various ingredients of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16075720\charrsid4879105 offences for which the Petitioner was convicted in the High Court. As would appear from the charges, the off
ences were respectively violations of Section 4 (first count), Section 3 (second count) and Section 26(1)(a) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2954752\charrsid4879105 read with Section 1 of Part II of the Fifth Schedule }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16075720\charrsid4879105 of the Exchange Control Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2954752\charrsid4879105 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867304\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 44.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1867304\charrsid4879105 For the purpose of appreciating the submissions of learned Counsel in regard to th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1719236\charrsid4879105 ese alleged mis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1867304\charrsid4879105 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1719236\charrsid4879105 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1867304\charrsid4879105 
rections, it is desirable to examine the objects and structure of the Exchange Control Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4289850\charrsid4879105 
 (Cap. 211). The Act, which was enacted in 1950, and has been amended several times, was intended as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid936417\charrsid4879105 stated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4289850\charrsid4879105 in its preamble, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4289850\charrsid4879105 to c
onfer powers and impose duties and restrictions in relation to gold, currency, payments, securities, debts and the import, export, transfer and settlement of property, and for purposes connected with the matters aforesaid.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid936417\charrsid4879105 As this Court observed in the course of its judgment in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid936417\charrsid4879105 
The Governor of Reserve Bank of Fiji v Reddy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid936417\charrsid4879105 s Enterprises Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid936417\charrsid4879105  [1996] FJSC 6; CBV0001.1993 (10 October 1996)-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105 It is a comprehensive statute aimed at the protection of Fiji
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105 s reserves of gold and foreign currency and is modelled on
 the United Kingdom Exchange Control Act of 1947 which was repealed in 1987. It prohibits a wide range of transactions involving dealings }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105 
by Fijian residents in gold, foreign currency and securities}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105  without the permission of the Minister.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5071956\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 45.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5071956\charrsid4879105 It is also significant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid936417\charrsid4879105  to note that the Exchange Control Act is divided into several parts, and Sections 3 and 4 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7429067\charrsid4879105 of the Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid936417\charrsid4879105 on which the first two counts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5071956\charrsid4879105  are}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid936417\charrsid4879105  based}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7429067\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid936417\charrsid4879105 
 fall within Part II of the Act entitled }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7429067\charrsid4879105 Gold and Foreign Currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7429067\charrsid4879105 . This part is also divided into several sub-parts, and Section 3 is found under the sub-head entitled }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7429067\charrsid4879105 Dealings in gold and foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7429067\charrsid4879105  while Section 4 is found under sub-head entitled }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7429067\charrsid4879105 
Surrender of gold and foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7429067\charrsid4879105 . However, Section 26(1)(a) on which the third }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5071956\charrsid4879105 count is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7429067\charrsid4879105  based, falls within}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5071956\charrsid4879105 
 Parts VI of the Act headed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5071956\charrsid4879105 Miscellaneous}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7429067\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5071956\charrsid4879105 and the sub-head }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5071956\charrsid4879105 Duty to collect certain debts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5071956\charrsid4879105 
Following the structure of the Exchange Control Act, I would prefer to deal first with count tw}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16384935\charrsid4879105 o, which is based on Section 3, and th
en proceed to a consideration of Sections 4 and 26 of the Act.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16384935\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16384935\charrsid4879105 Alleged Violation of Section 3 of ECA
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16384935\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666292\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 46.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4666292\charrsid4879105 The main ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12549054\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4666292\charrsid4879105  on which the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549054\charrsid4879105 Petitioner seeks to challenge the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4666292\charrsid4879105 conviction imposed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549054\charrsid4879105  by the High Court and affirmed by the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16384935\charrsid4879105  under}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4666292\charrsid4879105  count}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16384935\charrsid4879105  two 
for the violation of Section 3 of the Exchange Control Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4666292\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549054\charrsid4879105 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4666292\charrsid4879105 set out in paragraph 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16128619\charrsid4879105 (c), 2(d), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549054\charrsid4879105 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4666292\charrsid4879105 (g)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16128619\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid203286\charrsid4879105  2(j),}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16128619\charrsid4879105  2 (k), 2(l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13974340\charrsid4879105 ),}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16128619\charrsid4879105  2(m)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid203286\charrsid4879105 , 2(n), (o) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13974340\charrsid4879105 and 2(p)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4666292\charrsid4879105  of the petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549054\charrsid4879105 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16384935\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16384935\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12549054\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 47.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549054\charrsid4879105 Learned Counsel for the Petitioner contends that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105  the Court of Appeal erred in fact and law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12549054\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 
in upholding the conviction despite the fact that the trial Judge had misdirected the assessors that the Petitioner needed permission from the Reserve Bank of Fiji to hold monies in his overseas bank account, and that P3 was evidence of the refusal by the
 Reserve Bank of Fiji for the Petitioner to hold funds abroad when P3 made no such representation. He also contends that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13729339\charrsid4879105 
the trial Judge failed to provide any direction to the assessors that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13729339\charrsid4879105 an entitlement to sell foreign currency}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13729339\charrsid4879105  was an element of the offence under section 3(1) of the Exchange Control Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7108809\charrsid4879105 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12875178\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1854324\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5898416\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 48.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5898416\charrsid4879105 Section 3(1) of the Exchange Control Act provides that-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 3}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 .-(1) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 
Except with the permission of the Minister,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105  no person other than an authorised dealer, shall, in Fiji, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 no person resident in Fiji other than an authorised dealer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 
, shall, outside Fiji, buy, or borrow any gold or foreign currency from, or sell or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 lend any gold or foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105  to, any person other than an authorised dealer. (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4787239\charrsid4879105 E}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 mphasis }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4787239\charrsid4879105 added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 )
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 49.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 As already noted, the Petitioner was charge
d with the violation of Section 3 of the Act on the basis that he did between 1st November 2000 and the 23rd July 2010, being a resident in Fiji but not being an authorised dealer, did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 lend}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 
 the sum of $1,500,000.00 ($1.5 million) Australian Dollars to pers
ons otherwise than an authorized dealer, namely several financial institutions in Australia and New Zealand as listed in Annexure marked "A", without the permission of the Governor of the Reserve Bank of Fiji.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4409768\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11949383\charrsid4879105 The said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4409768\charrsid4879105  Annexure listed 5 financial institutions, namely the Per}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11949383\charrsid4879105 
petual Investments Management Limited, Australia, the Australia and New Zealand National Bank Limited, New Zealand, the Commonwealth Management Investments Limited, Australia, the Commonwealth Bank of Australia, and the Colonial First St
ate Managed Investment Limited, Australia, in all of which the Petitioner had invested during the material times.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4011999\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3240720\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13314474\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 50.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13314474\charrsid4879105 It is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10843335\charrsid4879105  noteworthy that the powers and functions of the Minister of Finance under the Exchange Control Act had been delegated by Legal Notice 
No. 98 dated 30th September 1981 and published in the Fiji Royal Gazette Supplement No. 36 of 9th October 1981 to the Central Monetary Authority of Fiji, which is the predecessor to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13314474\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10843335\charrsid4879105 
the Reserve Bank of Fiji in terms of the Reserve Bank of Fiji Act No. 14 of 1983. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14837594\charrsid4879105 The only witness to testify at the brief trial, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3240720\charrsid4879105 Sabrina Hanif,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14837594\charrsid4879105  the Board Secretary }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3240720\charrsid4879105 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14837594\charrsid4879105 
the Reserve Bank of Fiji, has stated in evidence that any Fijian resident who wishes to open a bank account overseas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 , should }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14837594\charrsid4879105 write to the Reserve Bank of Fiji to obtain the approval of the Bank for that purpose}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3240720\charrsid4879105 . In those circumstances, the first submission of learned Counsel for the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16457843\charrsid4879105 based on paragraph 2(c) of the petition }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3240720\charrsid4879105 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3240720\charrsid4879105 the trial Judge had misdirected the assessors that the Petitioner needed permission from the Reserve Bank of Fiji to hold monies in his overseas bank account, is altogether unfounded.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4787239\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4787239\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 51.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4787239\charrsid4879105 Turning now to the submission of learned Counsel for the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7697266\charrsid4879105  based on paragraph 2(d) of the petition }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4787239\charrsid4879105 that the trial Judge had misdirected the assessors that P3 was evidence of the refusal by the Reserve Bank of Fiji for the Petitioner to hold funds abroad when P3 made no such }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7697266\charrsid4879105 representation, I note }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7104759\charrsid4879105 
the trial Judge had directed the assessors in his summing up, as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8378  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7104759 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7104759\charrsid4879105 12.......}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 ...}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7104759\charrsid4879105 the
re is no evidence before you that the accused had permission to hold the funds. On the contrary, there is evidence in P3, a letter of the Reserve Bank that the accused had no authority to hold the funds.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7104759 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7104759\charrsid4879105 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7104759\charrsid4879105  There is no legal requirement for the accused to be\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7104759\charrsid4879105 
"directed"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7104759\charrsid4879105 \~
or given notice of his impending breach. You might think that it was unfair not to be given full details of his breach before he was charged and you might think that it was discourteous of the Reserve Bank not to reply to Mr.Chaudhry}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7104759\charrsid4879105 s lett
er of 18 November 2009 but those matters are not elements of the offence and should not play a part in your deliberations.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7104759\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7104759\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11670538\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 52.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11670538\charrsid4879105  It is clear that what the trial Judge was referring in paragraph 12 of hi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9131448\charrsid4879105 s summing up as P3 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11670538\charrsid4879105 the letter dated 23rd October 2009}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105  (P2) that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11670538\charrsid4879105 
 was addressed to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 the Petitioner b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11670538\charrsid4879105 y }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11670538\charrsid4879105 Messrs. Siwatibau & Sloan, for and on behalf of the Reserve Bank of Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11670538\charrsid4879105  as set out Admitted Facts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 item}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11670538\charrsid4879105 29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105  and 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3045208\charrsid4879105 from which it also becomes clear that the Petitioner responded to P2 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11670538\charrsid4879105 
y }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3045208\charrsid4879105 his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11670538\charrsid4879105 letter dated}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10563443\charrsid4879105 18th November 2009 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11670538\charrsid4879105 (P3)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3045208\charrsid4879105  addressed to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10563443\charrsid4879105 the Reserve Bank of Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3045208\charrsid4879105 . This is the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11670538\charrsid4879105 letter mentioned in paragraph }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9131448\charrsid4879105 
13 of the summing up.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10563443\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10563443\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10563443\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9131448\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 53.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9131448\charrsid4879105 In this connection, it is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10563443\charrsid4879105  important to take note of }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7697266\charrsid4879105 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1589268\charrsid4879105 e following observation of the Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7697266\charrsid4879105 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1589268\charrsid4879105 of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7697266\charrsid4879105 in paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1589268\charrsid4879105 
s 89 and 90 of the impugned judgment:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1589268 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1589268\charrsid4879105 [89] A doubt arises as regard}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7297062\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1589268\charrsid4879105 
 the admissibility of the document P3. A perusal of the record and the evidence does not show how that letter referred to as P3 was admitted. A perusal of P3 shows that it was a letter issued by the Rese
rve Bank of Fiji regarding a search warrant dated 6 July 2010 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 stating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1589268\charrsid4879105 that the Reserve Bank of Fiji did not provide approval to the Appellant for opening the accounts listed therein which were all overseas Banks and Institutions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1589268 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1589268\charrsid4879105 [90] Therefore the statem
ent of the learned Judge that this letter P3 was evidence that the Appellant had no authority to hold the funds is incorrect........}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1589268\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16322968\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3045208\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 54.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3045208\charrsid4879105 
Unfortunately, having said that there was doubt as to whether the letter dated 23rd October 2009 (P2), which the trial Judge and t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1736489\charrsid4879105 he Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3045208\charrsid4879105  have erroneously described as P3,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1736489\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3045208\charrsid4879105 
the Court of Appeal fell into further error by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105 considering the contents }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3045208\charrsid4879105 
of the said letter in paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105  83 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3045208\charrsid4879105 f its impugned judgment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105 In paragraph }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1736489\charrsid4879105 90 of its judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105 , the Court of Appeal wen}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12458121\charrsid4879105 t on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105  to hold that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1736489\charrsid4879105 
although the trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1736489\charrsid4879105 
s comment regarding P3 would amount to a misdirection, it would not take away the effect of the evidence that was available before the assessors and the Court, and applied the proviso to Section 23(1) of the Court of A
ppeal Act to hold that there was sufficient evidence to convict the Petitioner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 55.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105 
It is also unfortunate that neither the trial Judge nor the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16127274\charrsid4879105 made any mention of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105 the 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105 uncontradicted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105  testimony of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4409768\charrsid4879105 Sabrina Hanif}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6818081\charrsid4879105 , Board Secretary of the Reserve Bank of Fiji,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4409768\charrsid4879105  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105 wherein she has stated that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11949383\charrsid4879105 the Petitioner did not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4226033\charrsid4879105  at any time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11949383\charrsid4879105  ask for permission to hold funds in any of the aforesaid foreign financial institutions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105  Her testimony}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 , recorded on 2nd April 2014 (Suppleme}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6818081\charrsid4879105 ntary Record of the High Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 pages 10 to 11),}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 
 was as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16384935\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 Q: If Fijian resident wants to open an account overseas?
\par A: Need to write to the Bank to seek approval.
\par Q: Did Mahendra Pal Chaudhry ask for permission?
\par A: No. Didn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 t write.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 56.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 n the preceding paragraph, I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105  use}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105  the term }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105 uncontradicted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14180586\charrsid4879105 in relation to the testimony of witness Hanif }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105 
advisedly, as not only was the witness not subjected to any cross-examination on this point, but the Petitioner also refrained from giving evidence or calling any other witness to establish that he had obtained the permission }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16127274\charrsid4879105 or approval }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105 of the Reserve Bank of Fiji as required by Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16127274\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105  3(1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16127274\charrsid4879105 , 4(1) and 26(1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105  of the Exchange Control Act. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16384935\charrsid4879105 In these circumstances, in my view, there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7037350\charrsid4879105  was no prejudice caused to the Petitioner based on the misdirection regard
ing P3 as there is other evidence to justify the finding that the Petitioner had neither sought nor obtained permission or approval at the material times to hold any specified currency in any financial institution overseas.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 57.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7037350\charrsid4879105 earned Counsel for the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105  grounded }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 
his next submission }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105 on paragraph 2(g) of the petition which was to the effect that the trial Judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105 failed to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7037350\charrsid4879105 provide any d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105 
irection to the assessors that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7037350\charrsid4879105 an entit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105 lement to sell foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7037350\charrsid4879105  was an element of the offence under section 3(1) of the Exchange Control Act and which the Respondent had to prove beyond reasonable doubt in the absence of any agreed facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105 . Realising that it was Section 4(1) and not Section 3(1) that embodied the element of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105 entitlement to sell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105 , learned Counsel submitted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 at the hearing of this appeal t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105 
hat the misdirection }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 that the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16127274\charrsid4879105  complaining of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105  was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid725556\charrsid4879105 
 that the trial Judge failed to provide any direction to the assessors that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 
selling or lending any gold or foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105  was an element of the offence un
der Section 3(1) of the Exchange Control Act and which the Respondent had to prove beyond reasonable doubt in the absence of any agreed facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11553539\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7037350\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11553539\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11553539\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 58.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11553539\charrsid4879105 The latter submission of the learned Counsel for the Petitioner is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11553539\charrsid4879105 misconceived to the extent that the learned trial judge did refer to the requirement of proving that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 Petitioner had lent AUD}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11553539\charrsid4879105  $1.5 million to unauthorised dealers in his summing up, which as far as it relates to the offence under Section 3 is quoted below:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11553539\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11553539\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11553539\charrsid4879105 14.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105  In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 looking then at the second count; an offence under section 3 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 \~Exchange Control Act. Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 e matters that the State must prove to you so that you are sure for you to find the accused guilty of this offence are:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11553539\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls26\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 
That the accused was resident in Fiji between November 2000 and July 2010.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls27\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 That he lent AUD $1.5 million to unauthorised dealers.

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls28\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 That he did not have the permission of the Reserve Bank.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9004180 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 Again}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16399987\charrsid4879105 Ladies and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 
 Gentlemen, the prosecution would say to you that the first element is proved by fact 2; there is no evidence before you that the accused had permission from the Governor of the Reserve Bank to lend the money}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 . I direct you as a matter of law that investing funds and by placing funds in banking institutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 are loans to those banks which the banks must repay on demand, so the accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 s ad}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid16734140\charrsid4879105 missions in paragraph 3 of the Agreed F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 acts would satisfy the second element.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid9004180 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11553539\charrsid4879105 15.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 
The accused says again that the monies are a gift from India with no reference to the Inland Revenue of Fiji but that is not relevant to the charges in the ECA
. He also says that he did not receive proper notice from the authorities to warn him of his alleged breach.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11553539\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 16.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls30\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 Once more as is the case with Count 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1639487\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105  Ladies and Gentlemen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1639487\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105  there is no legal obligation on the authorities, be it the Reserve Bank, or its solicitors or any}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 "competent authority"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9004180\charrsid4879105 
to so warn a person thought to be in breach, so in law this defence is not available to the accused.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4990490\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12013040\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5662102\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 59.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105 Learned Counsel for the Petitioner has}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16322968\charrsid4879105  c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105 ontended with great force that}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16322968\charrsid4879105  the direction of the trial judge in paragraph 14 of his summing up that placing funds in banking institutions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16322968\charrsid4879105 are loans to those banks which the banks must repay on demand}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1719236\charrsid4879105  was a misdirection}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16322968\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12470163\charrsid4879105 
 Learned Counsel has pointed out that Exchange Control Act does not define the words}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12470163\charrsid4879105 buy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12470163\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12470163\charrsid4879105 borrow}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12470163\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12470163\charrsid4879105 sell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12470163\charrsid4879105  or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12470163\charrsid4879105 lend}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12470163\charrsid4879105 
, and that receiving deposits from his Indian benefactors cannot constitute lending, as firstly there were no agreed facts that evinced lending and secondly there was no other evidence to suggest lending. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8133936\charrsid4879105 He has submitted that there was no agreed facts or evidence that the Petitioner had come by any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8133936\charrsid4879105 certificates of deposits}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8133936\charrsid4879105 , which he conceded is defined in Section 2 of the Act to include }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8133936\charrsid4879105 the right to receive the stated amount}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8133936\charrsid4879105 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8133936\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8133936\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7568773\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15621727\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 60.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15621727\charrsid4879105 As against this, learned Counsel for the Respond
ent relies, as the trial Judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3685024\charrsid4879105 and the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15621727\charrsid4879105 did}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6558396\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15621727\charrsid4879105  on Agreed Facts item 3 which is as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4990490\charrsid4879105  
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1639487\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 \cbpat8 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 3. At the relevant times the Accused had the following overseas accounts (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 
the Overseas Accounts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 ) in the following financial institutions in Australia and New Zealand (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 the Financial Institutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 ):-
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12458121\charrsid4879105 (a) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 Cash Management Call Account No. 06-2245-10088252 with the Commonwealth Bank of Australia;
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16415744\charrsid4879105 (b) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 Commonwealth Balance Fund Account No. 39920061 with the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 Commonwealth Managed Investments Limited, Australia;
\par (c)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 Ter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12458121\charrsid4879105 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105  Deposit Account No. 9800000016059 with the ANZ National Bank Limited, New Zealand;
\par (d) Account No. 2006 8875 with the Perpetual Investments Management Limited, Australia;
\par (e)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 Colonial First State Income Fund Account No. 0900-0670-5669 with the Colonial First State Investments Limited, Australia;
\par (f)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 First}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5976637\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 Choice Investments Account No. 0700-0673-5908 with the Colonial First State Investments Limited, Australia;\~
\par (g) First Choice Investments Account No. 070-011 3363221 with the Colonial First State Investments Limited, Australia;\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4990490\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16734140\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 61.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16734140\charrsid4879105 It is also significant that the Petitioner had agreed with the Respondent on the following Agreed Facts (P1) in regard to the movement of funds in the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16734140\charrsid4879105 s overseas accounts:- }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10053245\charrsid8378 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 \cbpat8 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 17.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2450333\charrsid4879105  On }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 26 February 2001, AU$400,000 was deposited into }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2450333\charrsid4879105 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 Accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 
s Commonwealth Balanced Fund account numbered 39920061 with Commonwealth Managed Investments Limited, Australia.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 18. Since at least about 26 March 2001, about NZ$150,000 was deposited with the Accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 s Term Deposit account numbered 981000000116059 with ANZ National Bank Limited, New Zealand.
\par 19. On 17 September 2002, AU$500,00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105 0 was invested into the Accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 
s account numbered 20068875 with Perpetual Investment Management Limited, Australia.
\par 20. On 17 September 2002, AU$500,000 was invested into the Accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 
s First State Income Fund account numbered 0900-0670-5669 with Colonial First State Investments Limited.
\par 21. On 19 September 2002, the Accus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105 ed closed the Accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 
s Commonwealth Balanced Fund Account with Commonwealth Managed Investments Limited, Australia and the balance of AU$378,979.18 was paid out. On the same day, the same amount}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105 
 was deposited into the Accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 s Cash Management Call Account.
\par 22. On 23 September 2002, AU$380,000}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105  was withdrawn from the Accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 
s Cash Management Call Account. On 24 September 2002, AU$380,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105 000 was invested in the Accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 s First}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 
Choice Investments Account numbered 0700-0673-5908 with the Colonial First State Investments Limited.
\par 23.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 On 4 August 2005, the Accused closed his account with Per
petual Investment Management Limited, Australia and the balance of AU$488,231.02 was paid out. On 5 August 2005, the same amount was deposited into the Accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 s Cash Management Call Account.
\par 24.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 On about 30 January 2006, the Accused closed his First State
 Income Fund account with Colonial First State Investments Limited and the balance of AU$472,722.56 was paid out.
\par 25. On about 6 February 2006, about AU$450,000 was invested wi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105 th the Accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 First}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10053245\charrsid4879105 Choice Investments account numbered 070-0113366221 with the Colonial First State Investments Limited.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid808947\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 62.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6558396\charrsid4879105 earned Counsel }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6558396\charrsid4879105 
for the Respondent has submitted that the relationship between the customer and banker is one of creditor and debtor as explained in the celebrated decision in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12013040\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6558396\charrsid4879105 Foley v. Hill}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12013040\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6558396\charrsid4879105 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6558396\charrsid4879105 1848]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4990490\charrsid4879105  2 HLC 28}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12013040\charrsid4879105 Briefly stated, the facts of this case were that the appellant opened a bank account with the respondent bankers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14289143\charrsid4879105 
 and deposited money in the said account. A few years later, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12013040\charrsid4879105 the appellant brought proceedings against the respondent bankers seeking recovery of b
oth the principal and interest. The counsel for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1719236\charrsid4879105 appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12013040\charrsid4879105 
argued that it was the duty of the respondent bankers to keep all the accounts up to date}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14289143\charrsid4879105  as the relationship between the appellant and the respondent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12013040\charrsid4879105 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14289143\charrsid4879105  not merely one of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12013040\charrsid4879105 debtor and creditor}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14289143\charrsid4879105  but one based on trusteeship}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12013040\charrsid4879105 . Lord Chancellor Cottenham}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105  rejected this c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12013040\charrsid4879105 ontention of the respondent, and observed in his oft quoted judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 at pages 36-37 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12013040\charrsid4879105 that- }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12013040 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 \cbpat8 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 Money, when paid into a bank, ceases altogether to be the money of the principal (see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 Parker v. Marchant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 , 1 Phillips 360); it is then the money of the banker, who is bound to return an equivalent by paying a similar sum to that deposited with him when he is asked for it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8270368\charrsid4879105 ..........}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 The money placed in the custody of a banker is, to all}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 intents and pu
rposes, the money of the banker, to do with it as he pleases; he is guilty of no breach, of trust in employing it; he is not answerable to the principal if he puts it into jeopardy, if he engages in a hazardous speculation; he is not bound to keep it or d
eal with it as the property of his principal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8270368\charrsid4879105 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 
 but he is of course answerable for the amount, because he has contracted, having received that money, to repay to the principal, when demanded, a sum equivalent to that paid into his hands.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15744173 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 That has been the subject of discussion in various cases, and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1719236\charrsid4879105 .....}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8270368\charrsid4879105 .....}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1719236\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1719236\charrsid4879105 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 
hat being established to be the relative situations of banker and customer, the banker is not an agent or factor, but he is a debtor. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 
Then the analogy between that case and those that have been referred to entirely fails; and the ground upon which those cases have, by analogy to the doctrine of trusteeship, been held to be the subject of the jurisdictio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid546278\charrsid4879105 n of a Court of Equity, has no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 application here, as it appears to me.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid546278\charrsid4879105 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid546278\charrsid4879105 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid546278\charrsid4879105 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9722415\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 63.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 This analysis of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 Lord Chancellor Cottenham has been followed in a large number of}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7286451\charrsid4879105  decisions t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15744173\charrsid4879105 o this day, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16591923\charrsid4879105 
including the decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16591923\charrsid4879105 Arab Bank v Barclays Bank}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15349534\charrsid4879105  [1954] 2 All ER 226, [1954] AC 49}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16591923\charrsid4879105 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7286451\charrsid4879105  which has been cited by both Counsel,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13843927\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105 in which it was stated by Court that-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6048451 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105  contract between a banker and a customer on current account is fundamentally }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105 a contract for the loan of money}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6048451\charrsid4879105 , but for a loan on which are engrafted special terms.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6048451 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 64.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16591923\charrsid4879105 he multifarious complexion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 
 of the relationship that could arise between the banker and customer due to the engrafting of special terms into the contract was adverted to by Steyn J. in the course of his judgment in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16591923\charrsid4879105 Barclays Bank plc v Quincecare Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11102912\charrsid4879105  and another}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16591923\charrsid4879105 , }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13843927\charrsid4879105 [1992] 4 All ER 363}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11102912\charrsid4879105  at 375,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7286451\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 in the following manner:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16591923\charrsid4879105 - }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 \cbpat8 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 Primarily, the relationship between a banker and customer is that of debtor and creditor. But }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 quoad}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105  the drawing and payment of the customer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 
s cheques as against the money of the customer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 s in the banker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 s hands the relationship is that of principal and agent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11102912\charrsid4879105 : see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid4879105 Westminster}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid11102912\charrsid4879105  Bank Ltd v Hilton}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11102912\charrsid4879105  (1926) 43 TLR 124 at 126 per Lord Atkinson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 .
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1710437\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3685024\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 65.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3685024\charrsid4879105 Learned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7286451\charrsid4879105  Counsel for the Petitioner sought to overcome the difficulty by submitting that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6389412\charrsid4879105 Section 2(1) of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7286451\charrsid4879105 the Banking Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16268301\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16268301\charrsid4879105 Cap 212}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6389412\charrsid4879105  has defined }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6389412\charrsid4879105 banking}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6389412\charrsid4879105  so as to include }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6389412\charrsid4879105 the business of accepting deposits of money from the public or members thereof}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5056443\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7286451\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5056443\charrsid4879105 and the provisions of this Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7286451\charrsid4879105 
would override the common law position enunciated by the House of Lords in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7297062\charrsid4879105 Fol}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7286451\charrsid4879105 ey v Hill}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7297062\charrsid4879105 , supra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11754153\charrsid4879105 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11754153\charrsid4879105 However, I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7286451\charrsid4879105 find no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5056443\charrsid4879105 thing in the Banking Act that would}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7286451\charrsid4879105  assist}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11754153\charrsid4879105  the Petitioner, and on }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5056443\charrsid4879105 the contrary, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6389412\charrsid4879105 I find that }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5056443\charrsid4879105 
in India where the provisions of the English Exchange Control Act have been greatly followed in drafting the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act,1947, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11754153\charrsid4879105 and the provis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6389412\charrsid4879105 ions of the Banking Act are}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11754153\charrsid4879105 quite similar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6389412\charrsid4879105  to our Banking Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11754153\charrsid4879105 , Venkatarama Aiyar J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5711232\charrsid4879105 .,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11754153\charrsid4879105  of the Sup}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14370657\charrsid4879105 reme Court of India has stated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11754153\charrsid4879105  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11754153\charrsid4879105 Shanti Prasad Jain v The Director of Enforcement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11754153\charrsid4879105 
 AIR 1962 (SC) 1764 at paragraph 35 that-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6389412\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 Now the law is well settled that when moneys are deposited in a Bank, the relationship that is
 constituted between the banker and the customer is one of debtor and creditor and not trustee and beneficiary. The banker is entitled to use the monies without being called upon to account for such user, his only liability being to return the amount in a
c
cordance with the terms agreed between him and the customer. And it makes no difference in the jural relationship whether the deposits were made by the customer himself, or by some other persons, provided the customer accepted them. There might be special
 arrangement under which a Banker might be constituted a trustee, but apart from such an arrangement, his position }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 qua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 
 Banker is that of a debtor, and not trustee. The law was stated in those terms in the old and well-known decision of the House of Lords in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 Foley v. Hill}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105  [1848] 11 H.L.C. 28-9 E.R. 1002, and that has never been questioned.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5976637\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 66.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5976637\charrsid4879105 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4990651\charrsid4879105 decision in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4990651\charrsid4879105  Shanti Prasad Jain v The Director of Enforcement, supra }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4990651\charrsid4879105 is interesting as it dealt with the corresponding provision in Section 4(1) of the Foreign Exchang
e Regulation Act of 1947, which was, like Section 3(1) of our Act, inspired by the language of Section 1(1) of the English Exchange Control Act of 1947. On the peculiar facts of this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4990651\charrsid4879105  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 Indian }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4990651\charrsid4879105 Supreme Court came to the conclusion that }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 since }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 the appellant had only a contingent right to the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6838685\charrsid4879105  deposits made to its credit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15349534\charrsid4879105 
 an overseas Bank }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 account}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6838685\charrsid4879105  under a special arrangement and not in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 the course of normal banking business}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6838685\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 
there was no lending of those amounts by the appellant to the Bank within the meaning of Section 4(1) of the Indian Act. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 67.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 In this respect, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6838685\charrsid4879105 Shanti Prasad Jain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105  decision}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6838685\charrsid4879105 is distinguishable }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 
from the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6838685\charrsid4879105 instant application }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 before this Court in which there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5588107\charrsid4879105 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 absolute}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6838685\charrsid4879105 ly no suggestion by the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 of any special arrangement, but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15349534\charrsid4879105 it is relevant to note that i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 n the c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16061943\charrsid4879105 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 urse of his judgment in this case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 Venkatarama Aiyar J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5711232\charrsid4879105 .,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8211766\charrsid4879105 
 went on to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6838685\charrsid4879105  make the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14370657\charrsid4879105 following pertinent observation:- }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3481283\charrsid8378 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 \cbpat8 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 The intention of the Legislature was plainly {\*\bkmkstart match493}to {\*\bkmkend match493}prohibit all transactions in foreign exchange by persons who ar
e residents of India whether such transactions take place during their actual residence in India or during their sojourn in foreign parts. To hold that the prohibition under the Act does not extend {\*\bkmkstart match496}to {\*\bkmkend match496}
acts done outside India by residents of India must inevitably lead to large-scale evasion of the Act resulting in its object being defeated. A construction which leads {\*\bkmkstart match498}to {\*\bkmkend match498}
such a result must be avoided. The expression }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 resident in India}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105  is clearly used in the sense }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 resident of India}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3481283 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 68.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5976637\charrsid4879105 other submission o
f the learned Counsel for the Petitioner was that the learned trial Judge also misdirected the assessors that the fact that the monies deposited and invested overseas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5976637\charrsid4879105 origin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105 ated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5976637\charrsid4879105  from a }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5976637\charrsid4879105 gift from India}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5976637\charrsid4879105  was not relevant for the charges under the Exchange Control Act. I find no merit in this submission, which has been dealt with by the Court of Appeal adequately}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105  in paragraphs 51 and 52 of its judgment, quoted below:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5976637\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4132319\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 [51] ......The charge does not speak of a situation as contemplated by Mr. Singh in his ar
gument relating to the right to receive which he bases on the gratuitous donation that the Appellant had received from India.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid5588107\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 [52] The charge does not speak of the Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid4879105 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 
right to receive any monies before the deposit of the monies in the Australian and New Zealand Financial Institutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 
. The charge relates to the position }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 after the monies had been deposited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105  in the Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 s Accounts which catches up}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid5711232\charrsid4879105  with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105  the provisions in section 26. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe3081\langfenp3081\insrsid14289143\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 69.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13248775\charrsid4879105 For these reasons, I hold }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 that the Petitioner has failed to demonstrate any misdirection with respect to his conviction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14289143\charrsid4879105 for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 violation of Section 3 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16128619\charrsid4879105 read with Section I of Part II of the Fifth Schedule }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 of the Exchange Control Act}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8270368\charrsid4879105  or to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9395291\charrsid4879105  raise any question of general legal importance or substantial question of princip
le affecting the administration of criminal justice or occasioned any substantial and grave injustice to justify the grant of special leave to appeal on this count. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid546278\charrsid4879105 
\par A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16128619\charrsid4879105 lleged Violation of Section 4 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid546278\charrsid4879105 of ECA
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9395291\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 70.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3481283\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16128619\charrsid4879105 The main grounds on which the Petitioner seeks to
 challenge the conviction imposed by the High Court and affirmed by the Court of Appeal under count one for the violation of Section 4 of the Exchange Control Act are set out in paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13974340\charrsid4879105 s 2(h), 2(i), 2(j), 2 (k), 2(l), 2(m)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid203286\charrsid4879105 , 2(n), 2(o)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13974340\charrsid4879105 
 and 2(p) of the petition.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid203286\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13974340\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 71.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13974340\charrsid4879105 
Learned Counsel for the Petitioner contends that the Court of Appeal erred in fact and in law in upholding the convictions despite the fact that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9729853\charrsid4879105 
the trial Judge had failed to provide any direction to the assessors that the Petitioner, having been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9729853\charrsid4879105 
entitled to sell foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9729853\charrsid4879105 , was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9729853\charrsid4879105 bound to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6050466\charrsid4879105  or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6050466\charrsid4879105 cause to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9729853\charrsid4879105 
 offer for sale such currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6050466\charrsid4879105  un}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9729853\charrsid4879105 der Section 4(1) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6050466\charrsid4879105 of the Exchange Control Act, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9729853\charrsid4879105 which element}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6050466\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9729853\charrsid4879105  the Respondent had to prove beyond reasonable doubt in the absence of any agre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6050466\charrsid4879105 ed facts. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9729853\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11026364\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11026364\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 72.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11026364\charrsid4879105 Section 4(1) of the Exchange Control Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15099135\charrsid4879105 , which falls within Part II of the Act dealing with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15099135\charrsid4879105 Gold and Foreign Currency }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15099135\charrsid4879105  and under the sub-part entitled }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15099135\charrsid4879105 Dealings in gold and foreign currency}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15099135\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11026364\charrsid4879105 provides as follows:-
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 .-(1) Every person in or resident in Fiji who is }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 entitled to sell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 
, or to procure the sale of, any gold, or any foreign currency to which this section applies, and is not an authorised dealer, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 
shall offer it, or cause it to be offered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 
for sale}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105  to an authorised dealer, unless the Minister consents to 
his retention and use thereof or he disposes thereof to any other person with the permission of the Minister.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs21\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1581018\charrsid4879105 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11026364 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8378\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7222063\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 73.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7222063\charrsid4879105 It is noteworthy that the Petitioner was charged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 on count one }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7222063\charrsid4879105 with the violation of Section 4 of the Act on the basis that he did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7222063\charrsid4879105 
between 1st November 2000 and the 23rd day of July 2010, being a resident in Fiji }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7222063\charrsid4879105 entitled to sell foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7222063\charrsid4879105  but not being an authorised dealer, however }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7222063\charrsid4879105 being required by law to offer it for sale to an authorized dealer}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7222063\charrsid4879105 , retained the sum of $1,500,000.00 ($1.5 million) Australian Dollars for his own use and benefit, without the consent of the Governor of the Reserve Bank of Fiji.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5600727\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5600727\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 74.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 
The learned trial Judge directed the assessors in paragraphs 11 and 12 of his summing up in the following manner:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2255630\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8378\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5600727\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid4879105 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 1
1. The first charge that the accused faces is a charge alleging that he is in breach of section 4 of the Act. That section in the simplest of terms says that any person resident in Fiji who has money overseas in foreign currency and he is not a person aut
horised to have it, then he must offer that money to a person who is authorised to hold it, unless he has permission from the Minister to keep that money or permission to give it to somebody else. Persons authorised are called\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105 authorised dealers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 and for the purposes of the Act are only in Fiji, usually banks. So what the State must prove to you so that you are sure is this:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1701\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1701\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5600727\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 (1) That at the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5600727\charrsid4879105  material }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 time,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16277483\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 that is from November 2000 to July 2010}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16277483\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105  the accused was a resident of Fiji.
\par (2) That he had foreign currency overseas.
\par (3) That he was not an authorised person to hold foreign currency.
\par (4) That he did not have the Minister}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 
s permission to have the Funds.
\par (5) That he did not bring the funds into Fiji.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid4879105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 
12. So where do you find the evidence for these elements of the offence? The agreed facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5600727\charrsid4879105  which you must accept say this:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5600727\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1701\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1701\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2630534\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 (1) That the accused was at the relevant times\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 "resident"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 \~(Fact 2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5600727\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 (2) That he had foreign currency in 7 different accounts. (Fact 3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5600727\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 (3) He was not an\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 authorised dealer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 (or authorised person) to hold it (Fact 7.)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5600727\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 (4) The funds were never offered to an authorised dealer in Fiji. (Fact 31)
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16277483\charrsid4879105 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16277483\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105  in addition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16277483\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 
 there is no evidence before you that the accused had permission to hold the funds. On the contrary, the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5600727\charrsid4879105 re is evidence in P}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2299087\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317\charrsid4879105  a letter of the Reserve Bank that the accused had no authority to hold the funds.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4805317 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15276090\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2255630\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 75.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2255630\charrsid4879105 In paragraphs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16074211\charrsid4879105  76 to 102 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2255630\charrsid4879105 
 112 to 119 of the impugned judgment of the Court of Appeal, the points raised before that Court by the Petitioner have been carefully examined. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7303930\charrsid4879105 The g
rounds set out in paragraphs 2(h), 2(i), 2(j), 2 (k), 2(l), 2(m) and 2(p) of the petition, on the basis of which special leave to appeal has been sought against the judgment of the Court of Appeal are the same as those raised before the Court of Appeal. }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2299087\charrsid4879105 Except for the blemish concerning P3, which has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7297062\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2299087\charrsid4879105 already been dealt with in paragraphs }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6818081\charrsid4879105 51 to 55 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2299087\charrsid4879105 
of this judgment, the Court of Appeal found that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5537652\charrsid4879105 directions to the assessors contained in the trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5537652\charrsid4879105 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2299087\charrsid4879105 summing up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5537652\charrsid4879105 w}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8270368\charrsid4879105 ere}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5537652\charrsid4879105  impeccable, and I have no reason to disagree with the Court of Appeal.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5537652\charrsid4879105  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 76.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105 Learned Counsel }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid273756\charrsid4879105 for the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105 
has submitted before this Court that the summing up and judgment of the trial Judge in this case as well as the judgment of the Court of Appeal which affirm}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7297062\charrsid4879105 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105  the conviction of the Petitioner, varying only the sentence, were inconsistent with the law as settled in the decision of this Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105 Governor of the Reserve Bank of Fiji v. Reddy}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105 s Enterprises}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105 Ltd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105 [1996] FJSC 6; CBV0001.1993 (10 October 1996).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10096399\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10096399\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 77.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10096399\charrsid4879105 That was a decision that turned on Section 26(1)(a) of the Exchange Control Act, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3216803\charrsid4879105 
but in the course of the judgment in that case, the Supreme Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid273756\charrsid4879105 
responding to a submission by Counsel for the respondent that subsection 26 could not have been intended to penalise a Fijian creditor who does nothing to delay or forego payment of his debt due in Fijian dollars, observed that:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid273756\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid273756\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3216803\charrsid4879105 If he elects instead to receive it in a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid3216803\charrsid4879105 specified currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3216803\charrsid4879105  it m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid273756\charrsid4879105 
ust be offered for sale under Section 4 to an authorised dealer, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3216803\charrsid4879105 hereby achieving the Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3216803\charrsid4879105 s int}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1588882\charrsid4879105 ended protection of the country}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3216803\charrsid4879105 s foreign currency reserves.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16277483\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3216803\charrsid4879105 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3216803\charrsid4879105 Emphasis added)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13304471\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid273756\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 78.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12519809\charrsid4879105 Since the Petitioner has failed to demonstrate that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1588882\charrsid4879105 
any question of general legal importance or substantial question of principle affecting the administration of criminal justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12519809\charrsid4879105 
arises in this case, and in the absence of any indication that any substantial or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1588882\charrsid4879105 grave injustice}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12519809\charrsid4879105  has occurred, I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13304471\charrsid4879105 
 do not see any basis for justifying the grant of special leave to appeal to the Petitioner with respect to his conviction and sentence for the violation of Section 4 read with Section 1 of Part II of Fifth Schedule of the Exchange Control Act.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10096399\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid203286\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid203286\charrsid4879105 Alleged Violation of Section 26 of ECA
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10096399\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid203286\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 79.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid203286\charrsid4879105 The main grounds on which the Petitioner seeks to challenge the conviction imposed by the High Court and affirm
ed by the Court of Appeal under count one for the violation of Section 4 of the Exchange Control Act are set out in paragraphs 2(e), 2(f), 2(j), 2 (k), 2(l), 2(m), 2(n), 2(o) and 2(p) of the petition.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid203286\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid203286\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 80.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid203286\charrsid4879105 Learned Counsel for the Petitioner contends that the C
ourt of Appeal erred in fact and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1980048\charrsid4879105 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid203286\charrsid4879105 law in upholding the conviction of the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13180436\charrsid4879105 despite}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1980048\charrsid4879105  the trial Judge failing to direct the assessors that a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1980048\charrsid4879105 right to receive specified currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1980048\charrsid4879105  was an element of the offence under Section 26(1) of the Exchange Con
trol Act, which element the Respondent had to prove beyond reasonable doubt in the absence of any agreed facts, and arriving at the conclusion that the Petitioner was required to repatriate all monies held in his overseas bank account. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1980048\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2298115\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 81.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2298115\charrsid4879105 Section 26(1) of the Exchange Control Act, which falls within Part VI of the said Act entitled }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2298115\charrsid4879105 Miscellaneous}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2298115\charrsid4879105 , under the sub-head }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2298115\charrsid4879105 Duty to collect certain debts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2298115\charrsid4879105 , provides that-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6312379 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15276090\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 .-(1) Except with the permission of the Minister, no person resident in Fiji who has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 a right (whether present or future and whether vested or contingent) to receive any specified currency,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105  or to receive from a person resident outside Fiji a payment in Fiji currency, shall do, or refrain from doing, any act with intent to secure or shall do any ac
t which involves, is in association with or is preparatory to any transactions securing \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15276090\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 
that the receipt by him of the whole or part of that currency or, as the case may be, of that payment in Fiji currency, is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 delayed}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 ; or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15276090\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 
that the currency or payment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 ceases}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 , in whole or in part, to be receivable by him:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15276090\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 Provided that nothing in this subsection }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15276090 \endash }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15276090\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (j)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 
shall, unless the Minister otherwise directs, impose on any person any obligation, in relation to any debt arising in the carrying on of any trade or business, 
to procure the payment thereof at an earlier time than is customary in the course of that trade or business; or
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2630534\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 (ii) shall, unless the Minister otherwise directs, prohibit any transfer to a person resident in Fiji and not elsewhere of any right to receive
 any specified currency or payment in Fiji currency.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 )
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 82.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 As already noted, the Petitioner was charged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 on the third count }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 with the violation of Section 26(1)(a) read with Section 1 of Part II of the Fifth Schedule of the said Exchange Control 
Act, on the basis that in between 1st of November 2000 and 23rd of July 2010, the Petitioner being a resident in Fiji having }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 
the right to receive a sum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105  of $1,500,000.00 ($1.5 million) Australian Dollars from the Financial Institutions in Australia and New 
Zealand as listed in Annexure marked "A", }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 caused the delay of payment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 
 of the said sum, in whole or in part, to himself by authorizing the continual re-investment of the said sum together with interest acquired back into the said Financial Institutions without the consent of the Governor of the Reserve Bank of Fiji.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 83.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105 
At the hearing of this application, l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 earned Counsel for the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 submitted that the trial Judge failed to direct the assessors that a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 
right to receive specified currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105  was an element o
f the offence under Section 26(1) of the Exchange Control Act, which element the Respondent had to prove beyond reasonable doubt in the absence of any agreed facts, and arriving at the conclusion that the Petitioner was required to repatriate all monies h
eld in his overseas bank account. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 84.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 The trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 s summing up in regard to the third count was as follows:-

\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6312379\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 17.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls30\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 The third count the accused faces is called a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
failure to collect debts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 . It simply means that being a holder of foreign exchange abroad, and being resident in Fiji, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 he delayed bringing those funds back into the Fijian banking system and kept them for himself by continuing to reinvest them}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 . To prove to you so that you are sure before you can find the accused guilty the State must establish the following elements of the offence:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls38\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
That the accused was resident in Fiji between November 2000 and July 2010.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls39\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
That he had AUD $1.5 million in various financial institutions.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls40\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
That he delayed bringing the funds back into Fiji, and
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls41\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
That he did not have the consent of the Governor of the Reserve Bank.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
\par {\*\bkmkstart _GoBack}{\*\bkmkend _GoBack}{\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 18.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls42\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
 Now, Ladies and Gentlemen, the State would say the first element is proved by Fact 2, the second element by Fact 3, the third element is proved by Fact 31 and that there is no evidence before you to prove that he had consent of the Governor.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 19.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls43\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
 Mr. Bodor spent quite some time going through the Siwatibau & Sloan letter with you telling you that it was an inadequate instruction to Mr.Chaudhry to bring back his money to Fiji. You of course will consider what Mr.Bodor says
 and gave it the weight you think fit.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 20.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls44\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
 However I direct you in law that for the first two counts there i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 s no requirement for a warning }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 direction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
 so the letter is unnecessary for your deliberations on those 2 counts. For the third count, s.26 of the Act says that the authorities }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 may\~}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 give a direction to an account holder to repatriate his funds but it is not compulsory. If you think that the solicitor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
s letter is giving a direction you may then wish to consider what Mr.Bodor says about it.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 21.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls45\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10435131\charrsid4879105 At the end of 
the prosecution case you heard me tell the accused what his rights are in defence. He could remain silent or give evidence. In either case he could call witnesses. He chose to remain silent and call no witnesses. The accused is perfectly entitled to do th
a
t because he has nothing to prove. It is the State that must prove their case so that so that you are sure of it. You are not to make any adverse finding against the accused just because he gave no evidence. You must judge the case on the strength of the 
prosecution evidence and nothing else.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6782384\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2244010\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 85.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2244010\charrsid4879105 Learned Counsel for the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1790070\charrsid4879105 contends that in his summing up, the trial Judge did not specifically refer to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1790070\charrsid4879105 right to receive specified currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1790070\charrsid4879105 
 as a distinct element of the offence under Section 26(1)(a) of the Exchange Control Act,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 
 and the said omission has seriously prejudiced the Petitioner. This submission is altogether untenable given that admittedly the Petitioner had control over an aggregate sum exceeding AUD $1.5 million lying in various financi
al institutions in Australia and New Zealand,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2557130\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 and the trial Judge has explained to the assessors }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 in his summing up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 he essence of the charge was that the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105 , being a resident of Fiji,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105  had failed }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 to collect }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105 his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 debts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105 by which is meant that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 being a holder of foreign exchange abroad}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105  who was free to repatriate the funds to Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105  delayed bringing those funds back into the Fijian banking system and kept them for himself by continuing to reinvest them}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105  in various overseas financial institutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13454283\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 86.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 Though not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105  explicitly stated in the summing up,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 
 it would have been clear to the assessors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16282773\charrsid4879105 who heard the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16282773\charrsid4879105 Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16282773\charrsid4879105 s summing up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 that a right to receive speci}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14422157\charrsid4879105 fied currency was an important element }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 of the offence, and that all ingredients }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14422157\charrsid4879105 of the offence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 were made out by the evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105  in the case,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105  most of which was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105  simply}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105  Agreed Facts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13454283\charrsid4879105 Furthermore,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13454283\charrsid4879105  as the Court of Appeal observed in paragraph 52 of its judgment, the charge on count three does not speak of the Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13454283\charrsid4879105 s right to receive any monies }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13454283\charrsid4879105 before}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13454283\charrsid4879105  thei
r deposit in the Australian and New Zealand financial institutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1856888\charrsid4879105 , but is concerned only with the position arising }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1856888\charrsid4879105 after }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1856888\charrsid4879105 the deposit of the monies had been deposited into the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1856888\charrsid4879105 s accounts with the said financial institutions. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16282773\charrsid4879105 This, in fact, rende
red the gratuitous nature of the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16282773\charrsid4879105 
s initial receipt of the funds from India, altogether irrelevant to the charges.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 87.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9725133\charrsid4879105 
The other submission of the learned Counsel for the Petitioner is that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1790070\charrsid4879105 the prosecution has failed to prove that the Petitioner ha
d acquired a right to payment in Fijian currency, which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16282773\charrsid4879105  according to him,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1790070\charrsid4879105 
 was indispensable to sustain the charge. He has placed reliance on the following}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9713147\charrsid4879105  passage }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1790070\charrsid4879105 
from the decision of this Court in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1790070\charrsid4879105  The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1790070\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1790070\charrsid4879105 Governor of the Reserve Bank of Fiji v. Reddy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1790070\charrsid4879105 s Enterprises}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1790070\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1790070\charrsid4879105 Ltd, supra:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10096399\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6782384\charrsid4879105 
\par As stated above, we are satisfied that the Company acquired a present vested right }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6782384\charrsid4879105 to payment in Fijian currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6782384\charrsid4879105  on settlement of the policy claim, and logically under the terms of s 26 (1) it could not have acquired at the same time a contingent right to sterling in the same transaction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9713147\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6782384\charrsid4879105 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6782384\charrsid4879105 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6782384\charrsid4879105 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9713147\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12606826\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12606826\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 88.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 For appreciating the fallacy of th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3035819\charrsid4879105 e }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 submission}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3035819\charrsid4879105 
 of learned Counsel for the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 , it will be useful to briefly go into the facts of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105  Reddy}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 The respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3035819\charrsid4879105  in that case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 , Reddy}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 
s Enterprises Limited, owned the Tanoa Hotel near Lautoka, which was destroyed by fire on 17 December 1988. It had been insured in London}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 , but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3035819\charrsid4879105 in terms of the policy, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 the settlement of any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3035819\charrsid4879105 
claim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15617710\charrsid4879105 as to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3035819\charrsid4879105 Fiji currency. However, the parties reached a s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 ettlement of the claim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105  at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 FJD $5.1 million of which 10% was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 aid in Fiji, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 
and the balance of 1,865,853 pounds sterling (the then equivalent of FJD $4.59}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 illion being 90% of the settlement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 ) was paid in June and July 1989 to a broker, Sedgwick London, for t
he respondent and placed on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8144550\charrsid4879105 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 term deposit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8144550\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 
with Westpac Bank in London in August. Pending a decision about appropriate plans for the re-instatement of the hotel, the respondent wished to invest this money abroad for up to 2 years at higher interest rates than those currently available in Fiji. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 89.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2123993\charrsid4879105 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7762821\charrsid4879105 respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15617710\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7762821\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 request for consent to this course under the Exchange Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7762821\charrsid4879105 
ntrol Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105  was declined by the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7762821\charrsid4879105  Governor of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105  Reserve Bank}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7762821\charrsid4879105  of Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 
 on 20th June 1989 and further representations to the Minister of Finance were also unsuccessful. The respondent applied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15617710\charrsid4879105 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 the High Court for judicial review by way of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 certiorari}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 
 seeking to quash the Governor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 
s decision, which relief was refused by Byrne J in a judgment delivered on 29 November 1990. The Court o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7762821\charrsid4879105 f Appeal allowed the respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 s appeal and set aside the High Court order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7762821\charrsid4879105 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 and on an appeal to this Court by the Governor of the Reserve Bank, the decision of the Court of Appeal was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8144550\charrsid4879105 reversed}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105  and the decision of the High Court to the effect tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7762821\charrsid4879105 t there has been a breach of Section }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5063533\charrsid4879105 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12853697\charrsid4879105 (1) by the respondent, was restored. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 90.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 Before th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4596714\charrsid4879105 e Supreme }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 Court, the appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 
advanced two main arguments, namely (1) that on its proper interpretation, Section 26 (1) required that receipt of payment on the policy be in Fiji, so the respondent was in breach by receiving payment in London; and (2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105  that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105  the respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 
s right was to receive payment only in Fiji dollars, and that by agreeing to take sterling it had delayed receipt of that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12606826\charrsid4879105 
 currency, thereby infringing Section 26(1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 (a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12606826\charrsid4879105  of the Exchange Control Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8072921\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12606826\charrsid4879105  This Court rejected the first argument but accepted the second, and observed as follows:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4026135\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9323230\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9323230\charrsid4879105 In agreement with the Court of Appeal we would reject the appellant}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9323230\charrsid4879105 
s submission that Section 26(1) must be read as requiring payment in Fiji. In th
e High Court Byrne J reached that conclusion after an extensive survey of authorities dealing with statutory interpretation. He felt it necessary to imply such a term to give effect to the intention of the Act. However, among other more specific provision
s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9323230\charrsid4879105 the protection of Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9323230\charrsid4879105 
s foreign exchange reserves is secured by the requirement in Section 4 to offer specified foreign currency to an authorised dealer; and by the default provisions in Section 26 (2) giving the Minister the power of obtaining or expedi
ting receipt or payment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9323230\charrsid4879105 
The place of Section 26 among the general body of miscellaneous provisions at the end of the Act, followed by a similar requirement in Section 27 not to delay the sale or importation of goods, tends to confirm what its language so clearly indicates 
\endash  namely, that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9323230\charrsid4879105 
Section 26 is directed only at conduct by Fiji residents seeking to delay or evade the receipt of payments due to them in the particular currency stipulated.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4879105 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9323230\charrsid4879105  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9323230\charrsid4879105 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9323230\charrsid4879105 )
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9323230\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16282773\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 91.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16282773\charrsid4879105 The decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16282773\charrsid4879105 Reddy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16282773\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9323230\charrsid4879105  case, though not on all fours with the present case, is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12519809\charrsid4879105 
a useful decision which has examined the application of Sections 4 and 26 of the Exchange Control Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14422157\charrsid4879105 
 particularly in relation to the elements of an offence under Section 26(1)(a) of the Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12519809\charrsid4879105 , and there is nothing in that d
ecision that supports the submissions made by learned Counsel for the Petitioner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16282773\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16277483\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14422157\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 92.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14422157\charrsid4879105 The Petitioner has }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1247664\charrsid4879105 clearly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14422157\charrsid4879105 failed to }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11155567\charrsid4879105 show that there were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14422157\charrsid4879105 any misdirection}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8135114\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14422157\charrsid4879105 
 with respect to his conviction for the violation of Section 26(1)(a) read with Section I of Part II of the Fifth Schedule }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14422157\charrsid4879105 of the Exchange Control Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11155567\charrsid4879105  which would}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14422157\charrsid4879105 
 raise any question of general legal importance or substantial question of principle affecting the administration o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11155567\charrsid4879105 f criminal justice or occasion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14422157\charrsid4879105  any substantial and grave injustice to justify the grant of special leave to appeal on this count. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14425847\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14425847\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14425847\charrsid4879105 (iii) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16650841\charrsid4879105 The Question of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14425847\charrsid4879105  Right of Reply before Sentencing
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14425847\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14425847\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 93.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14425847\charrsid4879105 The g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5720301\charrsid4879105 round }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14425847\charrsid4879105 which has been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5720301\charrsid4879105 set out in paragraph 2(b) of the petition is that the trial Judge made findings of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5720301\charrsid4879105 fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5720301\charrsid4879105  without giving the Petit
ioner a right to reply to such adverse findings, in his sentencing ruling, when there was no tested evidence to support such findings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14425847\charrsid4879105 
. Apart from this bold assertion in the petition, no submissions were addressed to Court by learned Counsel for the Petitioner to even clarify what adverse findings of fact }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5642601\charrsid4879105 
are alleged by the Petitioner to have been made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14425847\charrsid4879105 
by the trial Judge in his sentencing judgment, and learned Counsel for the Respondent has submitted that this point had never been raised in the Court of Appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16650841\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16650841\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5642601\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 94.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5642601\charrsid4879105 
In these circumstances, I am of the view that there is no material for this Court to consider the grant of special leave to appeal on the basis of the ground set out in paragraph 2(b) of the petition.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16650841\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13175117\charrsid4879105 (iv)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16650841\charrsid4879105 
The Question of Exceeding the Jurisdiction of Court in regard to Sentencing 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16650841\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16650841\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 95.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16650841\charrsid4879105 In paragraph 2(q) of the petition, the Petitioner has sought special leave to appeal from this Court on the basis that the Court of Appeal erred in fact and in l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3224189\charrsid4879105 aw in upholding the conviction of the Petitioner in the High Court wherein the learned trial judge had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3224189\charrsid4879105 exceeded the jurisdiction of the Exchange Control Act in considering and applying aggravating factors when arriving at sentence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3224189\charrsid4879105  I understand from this that the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3224189\charrsid4879105 
s complaint is that the High Court had exceeded the jurisdiction conferred on it by the Exchange Control Act in sentencing the Petitioner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 96.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 
Since the submissions of learned Counsel focused on Section 1(4) of Part II of the Fifth Schedule of the Exchange Control Act, falling within the heading }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 General Provisions as to Offences}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 
, which is admittedly the relevant provision for sentencing, I quote below Section 1(4) in its entirety:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13044187 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15276090\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 
(4) Except in the case of a body corporate convicted on indictment, the maximum fine which may be imposed for an offence punishable under this Part shall be -
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 (a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 \~
on summary conviction $1,000: and
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 (b)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 \~
on conviction on indictment $2,000;
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1323923\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 so, however, that (in either case), where the offence is concerned with any currency, any security, any payment, any gold, any goods o
r any other property, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 
and does not consist only of a failure to give information or produce books, accounts or other documents with respect thereto when required so to do under Part 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 , a larger fine may be imposed not exceeding 3 times the amount or value of the currency, security, payment, gold, goods or property.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1323923\charrsid4879105  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1323923\charrsid4879105 Emphasis added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1323923\charrsid4879105 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13044187\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1323923\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 97.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1323923\charrsid4879105 Learne}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1840991\charrsid4879105 d Counsel for the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1323923\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8135114\charrsid4879105 submitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1840991\charrsid4879105 
 that in terms of the above quoted provision, the maximum fine that can be imposed by Court is FJD $2,000 for each offence, and no more. He has further submitted that for the purpose of applying the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1840991\charrsid4879105 three times multiplier}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1840991\charrsid4879105 , by which is meant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1840991\charrsid4879105 
the power to impose a fine not exceeding 3 times the amount or value of the currency, security, payment, gold, goods or property}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1840991\charrsid4879105 , it was mandator
y for the prosecution to show that the Petitioner had failed to give information and books and that the offence concerned any currency etc. He further }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8135114\charrsid4879105 submitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1840991\charrsid4879105  that these conjunctive limbs must exist in a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105 ny}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1840991\charrsid4879105  case for the three times multiplier to be applied, and that was not the case as far as the Petitioner was concerned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105 . He stresses that }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1840991\charrsid4879105 there was no agreement or evidence that the Petitioner had filed to give information}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105 
 and books and that the offence concerned any currency }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105 any security, any payment, any 
gold, any goods or any other property to justify the application of the three times multiplier.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2450333\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2450333\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2450333\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 98.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105 
In support of his submission, learned Counsel for the Petitioner has invited our attention to Halsbury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105 s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105 Laws of England}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105 4th Edition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105  Volume 44 (1983) p. 560 at para}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105 graph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105  910 where}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105 in it is stated thus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105 It is a general rule that penal enactments are to be construed strictly and not extended beyond their clear meaning. This general rule means no more than that if, after the ordinary rules of construction have 
first been applied, as they must be, the person against whom the penalty is sought to be enforced is entitled to the benefit of the doubt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16410294\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 99.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105 Learned Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8135114\charrsid4879105  has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105  also submit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8135114\charrsid4879105 ted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105  that the Petitioner had been charged with the failure to repatriate foreign currency, and not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105 currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4853933\charrsid4879105  as defined in Section 2(1) of the Exchange Control Act, and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 further that there cannot in law be any order }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 for repatriation of any monies as a penalty as the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 said Act p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 rescribes only for forfeiture of currency and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 not foreign currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105  as was the case in the current instance.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 100.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 
In response to these submissions of learned Counsel for the Petitioner, learned Counsel for the Respondent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8135114\charrsid4879105 submitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105  that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105  has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105  wrongly underst}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 ood }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 import of the words }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 failure to give informatio
n or produce books, accounts or other documents}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 in the above quoted provision }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 as an aggravating factor. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 He }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8135114\charrsid4879105 submitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105  that o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 
n the contrary, it is clear from a plain reading of the provision that where the offence committed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 only}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 consists of such a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105  failure, then the larger fine }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 not exceeding triple the value }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 would not be warranted. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 He also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8135114\charrsid4879105 submitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 
 that there is no ambiguity in the language used in Section 1(4) of Part II of the Fifth Schedule of the Exchange Control Act. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 101.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6636141\charrsid4879105 I am of the opinion that the submissions made on behalf of the Petitioner are unjustified by the plain and unambiguous language used in Section 1(4) of Part II of the Fifth Schedule of the Exchange Control Act. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13637027\charrsid4879105 It is crystal clear from the said provision that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13637027\charrsid4879105 
where the offence is concerned with any currency, any security, any payment, any gold, any goods or any other property, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13637027\charrsid4879105 
and does not consist only of a failure to give information or produce books, accounts or other documents with respect thereto when required so to do under Part 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13637027\charrsid4879105 , a larger fine may be imposed not exceeding 3 times the amount or value of the currency, security, payment, gold, goods or property. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2450333\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2450333\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13637027\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 102.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13637027\charrsid4879105 It is obvious from the words italicised by me that only where the offence consists of a mere failure to give information or p
roduce books, accounts or other documents with respect to currency when required so to do under Part 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid2450333\charrsid4879105 , that the fines of }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13637027\charrsid4879105 FJD $1000 or FJD $2000}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13637027\charrsid4879105  depending on whether it is a summary conviction or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12277650\charrsid4879105 
 a conviction upon indictment, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 become mandated.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11749403\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11749403\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 103.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 case against the Petitioner involved }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 foreign}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105  currency, which is as much currency as Fiji currency. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 The Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 s argument that the present convictions do not constitute offences concerned with any currency is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 both }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 contrived and artificial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 , and must be v}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 iewed with circumspection. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14178650\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14178650\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 104.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 It is impossible to infer from the definition of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105  that it is intended to mean that an offence is less serious and therefore immune from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 the provisions of the Exchange Control Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 simply because the monies were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 securely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 deposited }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 in foreign }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 bank account}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 The definition of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 currency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4879105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105  in Section 2(1) of the Exchange Control Act is an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 inclusive definition}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid356098\charrsid4879105 , and there is nothing therein that would exclude money deposited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105  in a foreign bank.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105 To hold otherwise would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 defeat}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105  the objectives}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105  of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105 xchange }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105 ontrol }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16018701\charrsid4879105 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105 ct. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 105.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105 
For these reasons, I am of the opinion that the Petitioner has failed to demonstrate any excess of jurisdiction which could give rise to any questions of general legal importance or substantial question}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8135114\charrsid4879105 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105  of principle af
fecting the administration of criminal justice or occasion any substantial and grave injustice to justify the grant of special leave to appeal to this Court. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8223978\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105 Conclusions
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 106.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105  Accordingly, I hold that the application for special leave to appeal filed by the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5319192\charrsid4879105  P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105 etitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7282698\charrsid4879105  is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5319192\charrsid4879105  devoid of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7282698\charrsid4879105  merit and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9331948\charrsid4879105 should be dismissed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5319192\charrsid4879105 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid733289\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \cbpat8 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5319192\charrsid4879105 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15276090 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8223978\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105 Hon. Justice Saleem Marsoof
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105 Justice of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5319192\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8792978\charrsid4879105 I agree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14955002\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14955002\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8792978\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105 Hon.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8223978\charrsid4879105  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105 
Justice Almeida }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8223978\charrsid4879105 G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105 uneratne
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105 Justice of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14426798 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13449840\charrsid4879105 I agree.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8223978\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8223978\charrsid4879105 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105 Hon. Justice A.L.Brito Mutunayagam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15276090 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105 Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8223978\charrsid4879105 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14426798\charrsid4879105  Supreme Court
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\ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid8223978\charrsid4879105 
\par Solicitors:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8223978\charrsid4879105 Singh & Singh Lawyers for the Petitioner
\par Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions for the Respondent
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