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{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}
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{\f416\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\f417\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
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{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
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{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}
{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}
{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
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\insrsid14962311  PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid9772356 12}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14962311 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
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\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14101407\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 AT SUVA
\par APPELLATE CRIMINAL JURISDICTION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 
\par 
\par Petition for Special Leave to Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5398562\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 No. CAV0003 of 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13323077\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 IN THE MATTER OF AN APPEAL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 
 from the decision of the Court of Appeal No. AAU0038/10 on appeal from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5398562\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 High Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13323077\charrsid14962311 Case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 No. HAC9/2010.
\par 
\par BETWEEN:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 ANAND ABHAY RAJ
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 Petitioner
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13323077\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 AND:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 THE STATE
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 Respondent
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 Coram}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 The Hon. Chief Justice Anthony Gates,
\par President of the Supreme Court
\par The H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5398562\charrsid14962311 on. Mr. Justice Sathyaa Hettige PC,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 
\par Judge of the Supreme Court
\par The Hon. Madam Justice Chandra Ekanayake,
\par Judge of the Supreme Court
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 Mr. S. Sharma, Director, Legal Aid Commission, for the Petitioner
\par Ms P. Madanavosa for the Respondent
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 Date of Hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 5 August 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 Date of Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12848817\charrsid14962311 20 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12467159\charrsid14962311 August 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2636787\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10944751\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2636787\charrsid14962311 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2636787\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2636787\charrsid14962311 Chief Justice Anthony Gates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2636787\charrsid14962311 :
\par 
\par [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10573069\charrsid14962311 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2636787\charrsid14962311 ]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10944751\charrsid14962311 The Petitioner\rquote s amended petition of appeal was filed on 28th July 2014.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10944751\charrsid14962311 This raises two grounds of appeal, one concerning a failure to direct on recent complaint evidence and one against excessive sentence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10944751\charrsid14962311 The original signed petition which was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5590318\charrsid14962311 hand written}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10944751\charrsid14962311  had been filed within time on 31st March 2014.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10944751\charrsid14962311 The Court of Appeal\rquote 
s decision which is now challenged had been delivered on 5th March 2014.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2636787\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10944751\charrsid14962311 
\par [2]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5398562\charrsid14962311 All of t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10944751\charrsid14962311 he ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5398562\charrsid14962311 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10944751\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5398562\charrsid14962311 raised }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10944751\charrsid14962311 in the original petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210425\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12076546\charrsid14962311  when the Petitioner was not represented}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5398562\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10944751\charrsid14962311  according to Mr. Sharma, counsel for the petit
ioner, are now abandoned in favour of the two new grounds.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2047153\charrsid14962311 
\par [3]\tab On 7th June 2010 the Petitioner was convicted before the Suva High Court of 4 counts of rape contrary to sections 149 and 150 of the Penal Code and one count of indecent assault contrary to section 154(1) of the Penal Code.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2047153\charrsid14962311 All of the counts in the information w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12076546\charrsid14962311 ere}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2047153\charrsid14962311  said to be representative of the total wrongdoing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2047153\charrsid14962311 
The three assessors tendered unanimous opinions that the Petitioner was guilty on all }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12076546\charrsid14962311 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2047153\charrsid14962311  counts. The judge accepted those opinions and c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12076546\charrsid14962311 
onvicted the Petitioner on all 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2047153\charrsid14962311  counts.
\par 
\par [4]\tab On 10th June 2010 the Petitioner was sentenced to terms of 16 years imprisonment concurrent on the rape charges with a minimum non-parole period fixed of 12 years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2047153\charrsid14962311 He was sentenced to a concurrent term of 3 years imprisonment on the indecent assault charge.

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1730193\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1730193\charrsid14962311 The Evidence in the High Court
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5590318\charrsid14962311 [5]\tab The victim, a female child, was aged 10 years }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12020292\charrsid14962311 when her 37}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311  year old de facto step-father, the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12020292\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311  first committed an act of rape upon her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311 The unlawful conduct was said to have been going on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12020292\charrsid14962311 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311 or a little more than a year, between January 2008 \endash 
 January 2009}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1730193\charrsid14962311  at the Petitioner\rquote s home in Muanikoso}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311 The Petitioner denied any form of sexual contact with the victim.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311 However at trial he chose to remain silent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311 In doing so he exercised a right which was properly open to him without attracting adverse in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1592561\charrsid14962311 ference}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12020292\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1592561\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311 and this the learned judge made clear to the assessors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5590318\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311 
\par [6]\tab The victim\rquote s mother had to go out to work at times when the Petitioner was at home alone with the victim.
\par 
\par [7]\tab In the Court of Appeal judgment the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1592561\charrsid14962311 nub }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311 
of the case was summarised [at para [4]:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12020292\charrsid14962311 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311 \'93
The complainant said in her evidence that he would touch her all over the body and in Court using a body chart she pointed to genitals saying that he would insert his penis into her vagina and then threaten her that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1592561\charrsid14962311 if}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311  she told anyone he would kill her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578613\charrsid14962311 Once when she wanted to tell her mother he hit her on the mouth causing her to bleed.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578613\charrsid14962311 Her mother }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3759538\charrsid14962311 asked her what had happened and she said nothing because the accused was present watching and she was scared.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3759538\charrsid14962311 She told of repeated acts of rape in 2008 and 2009 and said she didn\rquote 
t like it and didn\rquote t want him to do it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3759538\charrsid14962311 
She eventually told her cousin in Navua who told her own mother and the offences were thus revealed.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15357207\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1592561\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12020292\charrsid14962311 [8]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 
In her evidence the complainant gave explicit evidence of penile penetration by the Petitioner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 She also referred to the threats to kill her if she told anyone.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 It used to happen when the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14577287\charrsid14962311 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 etitioner did}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6164176\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6164176\charrsid14962311 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 t go to work.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 She did not tell her mother about it but instead }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1730193\charrsid14962311 eventually }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 told her cousin sister who lived in Navua.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 She did not tell her mother she said because \'93my stepfather beat me up\'94 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1730193\charrsid14962311 
Record }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 p180].}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 She was hit on the mouth and was injured.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 He threatened to beat her up \'93if she told her mother.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1592561\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 
\par [9]\tab She mentioned the occasion when the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3167008\charrsid14962311 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 
etitioner had been sitting outside with two}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1730193\charrsid14962311  neighbours}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 He had then come into her bedroom and touched her breasts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 She pushed him away.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 This was seen by the two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12605528\charrsid14962311 men}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311  she said, one of whom came to give evidence which supported what she had said had happened to her in full view of those two.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 Her mother was in the bathroom whilst this was going on.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 This was the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6840179\charrsid14962311 incident }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 that formed the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3167008\charrsid14962311 indecent assault charge.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8456029\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3167008\charrsid14962311 
\par [10]\tab She said she had told her grandmother and cousin sister about this incident. The cousin was told a few days later in Navua when she went on a visit.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3167008\charrsid14962311 She did not tell them of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6840179\charrsid14962311 insertions}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1521368\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6840179\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3167008\charrsid14962311 only of the touching, and that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1521368\charrsid14962311 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3167008\charrsid14962311 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1521368\charrsid14962311  Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3167008\charrsid14962311  had said he wanted \'93to make a baby like my sister\rquote s daughter.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3167008\charrsid14962311 She said she did not tell the full story because she was scared.
\par 
\par [11]\tab She went with the grandmother after this conversation and they visited the Social Welfare.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3167008\charrsid14962311 She was not taken to the police then, only after she had been injured by the Petitioner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1521368\charrsid14962311 In court t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3167008\charrsid14962311 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11350983\charrsid14962311 complainant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6840179\charrsid14962311 moved out }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11350983\charrsid14962311 from behind the screen and identified the Petitioner as the perpetrator.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3167008\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14577287\charrsid14962311 
\par [12]\tab The complainant said it was the first time she had experienced such a thing.
\par 
\par [13]\tab In cross-examination, she said she had not told one of her sisters who was living with her because \'93I was scared that if I tell her she will reveal everything to mom and she will get beaten by the Accused.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14577287\charrsid14962311 
She conceded she never liked the Accused, who was very strict with her, telling her she must go to school.
\par 
\par [14]\tab One of the cousin sisters was younger than the complainant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14577287\charrsid14962311 She was 8 years old when she gave evidence. She said the complainant told her the Petitioner was touching her body and her breasts, \'93and if I want I can tell my mother about}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10232128\charrsid14962311  it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14577287\charrsid14962311 .\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14577287\charrsid14962311 She did, and her mother was the next witness.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10047773\charrsid14962311 
\par [15]\tab The mother spoke to the complainant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10047773\charrsid14962311 
She said the complainant was crying and afraid.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10047773\charrsid14962311 
But she repeated the allegation against the Petitioner. This information was passed on to the grandmother, who next gave evidence of the complaint and of taking the granddaughter to the Social Welfare.
\par 
\par [16]\tab The 5th prosecution witness Prani Pradeep Singh was the next door neighbour.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10047773\charrsid14962311 He was married with a 3 year old child.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10047773\charrsid14962311 He said he had seen the Petitioner touching the complainant\rquote s private parts and breasts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10047773\charrsid14962311 They had been drinking beer with the Petitioner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10047773\charrsid14962311 He had been helping the Petitioner the whole day repairing a vehicle.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10047773\charrsid14962311 This witness and a man called Danny were in the porch and could see inside the house to the bedroom.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11152649\charrsid14962311 
\par [17]\tab The complainant was lying on the bed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11152649\charrsid14962311 
Prani saw the Petitioner put his hands underneath the dress of the complainant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11152649\charrsid14962311 He saw him touching her private parts and her breasts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11152649\charrsid14962311 The girl\rquote s reaction he said was \'93very scared and helpless.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11152649\charrsid14962311 He saw her trying to push him away.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11152649\charrsid14962311 The Petitioner was in the room for approximately 7 minutes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11152649\charrsid14962311 He confronted the Petitioner when he returned to the porch.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11152649\charrsid14962311 The Petitioner said he was just cuddling the girl \'93so I told him that I saw what he was doing to the girl.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11152649\charrsid14962311 He didn\rquote t speak further.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11152649\charrsid14962311 That was the last beer we had.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11152649\charrsid14962311 I went home.\'94 [Record p202].
\par 
\par [18]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16190748\charrsid14962311 He conceded in cross-examination that he witnessed the incident whilst \'93standing and leaning against the car}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14179621\charrsid14962311 \'94 not from the sitting room.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16190748\charrsid14962311 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4605073\charrsid14962311 last }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16190748\charrsid14962311 part of the cross-examination went as follows [Record p205]:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11152649\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16190748\charrsid14962311 
\par \'93Q:\tab I put it to you, you do this because you have a grudge against Anand for confronting you on the battery?
\par A:\tab No why I am doing this today because I have a 3 year old daughter too.
\par 
\par Q:\tab Even though you have a 3 year old daughter in 2009 June you didn\rquote t report to Police?
\par A:\tab I thought it would be suitable for my wife to talk to Anand\rquote s wife about this.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16190748\charrsid14962311 
\par [19]\tab The witness was not shaken in cross-examination.
\par 
\par [20]\tab Dr. Reapi Mataika}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4605073\charrsid14962311 , a Paediatric Registrar,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16190748\charrsid14962311  had a Diploma in Child Health and was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4605073\charrsid14962311  studying for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16190748\charrsid14962311  her Masters in Child Medicine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4605073\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4605073\charrsid14962311 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15231501\charrsid14962311 complainant was taken to the doctor by her grandmother.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15231501\charrsid14962311 In her report the doctor observed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14574788\charrsid14962311  and noted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15231501\charrsid14962311  that the child was \'93quite distressed when asked to recount inciden}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5309007\charrsid14962311 t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15231501\charrsid14962311 s, crying.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15231501\charrsid14962311 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5309007\charrsid14962311 medical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15231501\charrsid14962311 report was read o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14574788\charrsid14962311 ut}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15231501\charrsid14962311  in the course of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14574788\charrsid14962311 the witness\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15231501\charrsid14962311  evidence and exhibited.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14574788\charrsid14962311 U}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15231501\charrsid14962311 pon her examination}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14574788\charrsid14962311  the doctor noted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15231501\charrsid14962311  that there was no evidence of an hymen.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15231501\charrsid14962311 
She explained that the hymen could be lost through sexual intercourse or if there were a blood trauma.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15231501\charrsid14962311 Sometimes physical activity such as horse riding could }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14574788\charrsid14962311 also cause the loss.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627304\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549549\charrsid14962311 
\par [21]\tab The doctor was of the opinion that the loss as described by the complainant was consistent with what was found upon examination.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549549\charrsid14962311 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3686345\charrsid14962311 Petitioner\rquote s behaviour }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549549\charrsid14962311 towards the child was sufficient to cause the loss.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 
\par [22]\tab The doctor said the history and examination were undertaken w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12008756\charrsid14962311 hen }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 the complainant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12008756\charrsid14962311 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 alone}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12008756\charrsid14962311  with her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 The grandmother was asked to be outside, which is the normal procedure in such cases.
\par 
\par [23]\tab The Petitioner was interviewed by the police and these allegations put}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7471491\charrsid14962311  to him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 He denied them completely}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7471491\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311  as also in his charge statement.
\par 
\par [24]\tab As I have said earlier, the Petitioner declined to give evidence himself.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 He called no witnesses.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 The Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2428908\charrsid14962311 
 and the Raising of a Fresh Ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 
\par [25]\tab Apart from one}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8406429\charrsid14962311  ground,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311  the alleged }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2428908\charrsid14962311 severity }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 
of the sentence, the appeal to the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8406429\charrsid14962311  against conviction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311  was made on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8406429\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3757494\charrsid14962311 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311  not carried forward to this court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 The appeal against conviction is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2428908\charrsid14962311  now made on an entirely fresh ground,
 which I set out below}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 :
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 Ground One}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 
The Learned Appellate Judges of Appeal erred in law and in fact when they failed to realize that the summing up of the Learned Trial Judge lacks directions to the assessors on the use of recent complaint evidence to asse
ss the credibility of the complainant resulting in substantial miscarriage of justice.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5508448\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 [26]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1080818\charrsid14962311 
It must be remembered that when the decision of the Court of Appeal is not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10371136\charrsid14962311 itself impugned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1080818\charrsid14962311 , but that an entirely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5317921\charrsid14962311 fresh ground is s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3091764\charrsid14962311 ought to be argued in the Apex}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5317921\charrsid14962311  Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3757494\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5317921\charrsid14962311  the task of the Petitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3091764\charrsid14962311 in achieving the grant of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5317921\charrsid14962311 special leave is that much more }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4736817\charrsid14962311 arduous.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3412434\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5317921\charrsid14962311 
\par [27]\tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5317921\charrsid14962311 Dip Chand v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5317921\charrsid14962311 
 CAV0014/2012, 9th May 2012}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5317921\charrsid14962311  this Court [at paragraph 34] held that:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5317921\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10950312\charrsid14962311 \'93
Given that the criteria set out in section 7(2) of the Su
preme Court Act No. 14 of 1998 are extremely stringent, and special leave to appeal is not granted as a matter of course, the fact that the majority of the grounds relied upon by the petitioner for special leave to appeal have not been raised in the Court
 of Appeal makes the task of the petitioner of crossing the threshold requirements for special leave even more difficult.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5317921\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5508448\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10950312\charrsid14962311 [28]\tab The Court continued at paragraph 36:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10950312\charrsid14962311 \'93
The Supreme Court has been even more stringent in considering the applications for special leave to appeal on the basis of grounds of appeal not taken up or argued in the Court of Appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10950312\charrsid14962311 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10950312\charrsid14962311 Josateki Solinakoroi \endash v- The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10950312\charrsid14962311 
 Criminal Appeal No. CAV 0005 of 2005 the Supreme Court of Fiji in an exceptional case took into consideration the principles developed by (the) Privy Council in similar situations and in particular relied on the following observation in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10950312\charrsid14962311 Kwaku Mensah \endash v- The King}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10950312\charrsid14962311  (1946) AC 83:

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10950312\charrsid14962311 
\par \'93Where a substantial and grave injustice might otherwise occur the Privy Council would a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1590146\charrsid14962311 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10950312\charrsid14962311 low a new point to be taken which had not been raised below even when it was not raised in the petitioner\rquote s printed case.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1590146\charrsid14962311 
\par [29]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7998094\charrsid14962311 The same line was taken in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7998094\charrsid14962311 Akuila
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11930374\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7998094\charrsid14962311 Dromudole v. The State}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7998094\charrsid14962311  CAV0013/2013, 19th August 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7998094\charrsid14962311 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11930374\charrsid14962311 a decision }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7998094\charrsid14962311 delivered in th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275006\charrsid14962311 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7998094\charrsid14962311 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275006\charrsid14962311 e very}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7998094\charrsid14962311  same sittings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11930374\charrsid14962311 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11930374\charrsid14962311 Charles v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11930374\charrsid14962311  [2000] 1 WLR 384}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11930374\charrsid14962311  the Board observed that matters should be r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid786481\charrsid14962311 aised }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11930374\charrsid14962311 first with the trial judge [which it was] and then}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275006\charrsid14962311  with}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11930374\charrsid14962311  the Court of Appeal [which it was not].}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11930374\charrsid14962311 The matters there involved delay, re-trial and abuse of process.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11930374\charrsid14962311 Lord }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11613979\charrsid14962311 Slynn of Hadley at page 387H said:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1590146\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11613979\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11613979\charrsid14962311 \'93The}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15537541\charrsid14962311 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11613979\charrsid14962311 
r Lordships would generally be reluctant to allow the issue to be raised for the first time before them.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11613979\charrsid14962311 Here, the issue was raised squarely before the judge even though it was not raised before the Court of Appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11613979\charrsid14962311 
In the circumstances their Lordships accept that since the matter was raised before the trial judge the defendants are entitled to raise the issue before them on this appeal.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7998094\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11613979\charrsid14962311 [30]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 In the instant case, c}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5775419\charrsid14962311 ounsel for the Petitioner was asked by the trial judge whether he sought any re-directions at the end of the summing up.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275006\charrsid14962311 Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5775419\charrsid14962311  agreed with prosecuting counsel there was nothing else to direct on [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1124513\charrsid14962311 R}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5775419\charrsid14962311 ecord p208].}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5775419\charrsid14962311 This}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311  omission}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5775419\charrsid14962311  is in itself usually sufficient to disregard a ground such as is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 raised }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5775419\charrsid14962311 here: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5775419\charrsid14962311 Segran Murti v. The State}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5775419\charrsid14962311  Crim. App. No. CAV0016/2008S 12th February 2009}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8999823\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5775419\charrsid14962311 paragraphs 11, 15, 21-23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275006\charrsid14962311 ru}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 ong v. The Queen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311  [2004] HCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275006\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 10; 2004 ALJR 473.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11613979\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5775419\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 [31]\tab The position might have been different if the charge laid was incapable of being proved, such as where evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275006\charrsid14962311 led had been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 given at a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1909518\charrsid14962311 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 oyal Commission }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275006\charrsid14962311 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5507537\charrsid14962311 evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275006\charrsid14962311 had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 by stat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275006\charrsid14962311 ute}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5507537\charrsid14962311  been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5507537\charrsid14962311 specifically }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 made inadmissible}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1275006\charrsid14962311  in criminal proceedings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 Gia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5593316\charrsid14962311 narelli}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311  v. The Queen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311  (1983) 154 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6768987\charrsid14962311 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 LR}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6768987\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 212}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311 Such a set of circumstances was truly exceptional, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5507537\charrsid14962311 and this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311  is the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8333367\charrsid14962311 threshold}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4091471\charrsid14962311  to be applied.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5775419\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311 Evidence of Recent Complaint}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311 
\par [32]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9656237\charrsid14962311 Fiji }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311 court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9656237\charrsid14962311 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9656237\charrsid14962311 are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311  no longer concerned with corroboration of a complainant\rquote 
s evidence in a trial for an offence of a sexual nature.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311 
Section 129 of the Criminal Procedure Decree 2009 governed the evidentiary conduct of the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5258204\charrsid14962311 , though the events }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311 related pre-dated the imposition of that section.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311 It read:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4596995\charrsid14962311 S.129 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311 \'93Where any person is tried for an offence of a sexual nature, no corroboration of the complainant\rquote s evidence shall be necessary for that perso
n to be convicted; and in any such case the judge or magistrate shall not be required to give any warning to the assessors relating to the absence of corroboration.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11613979\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311 [33]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6621828\charrsid14962311 In any c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14709019\charrsid14962311 ase}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6621828\charrsid14962311  evidence of recent complaint was never capable of corroborating the comp
lainant\rquote s account: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6621828\charrsid14962311 R v. Whitehead}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6621828\charrsid14962311 
 (1929) 1 KB}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14709019\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6621828\charrsid14962311 99}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6621828\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6621828\charrsid14962311 At most it was relevant to the question of consistency, or inconsistency, in the complainant\rquote s conduct, and as such was a matter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9579781\charrsid14962311 going to her credibility and reliability as a witness: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9579781\charrsid14962311 
Basant Singh & Others v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9579781\charrsid14962311  Crim. App. 12 of 1989; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9579781\charrsid14962311 Jones v. The Queen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9579781\charrsid14962311  (1997) 191 CLR 439; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9579781\charrsid14962311 Vasu v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9579781\charrsid14962311  Crim. App. AAU0011/2006S, 24th November 2006}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9579781\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9579781\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14709019\charrsid14962311 [34]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8278807\charrsid14962311 
At trial, defence counsel could have raised with the judge the proper direction to the assessors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8278807\charrsid14962311 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8278807\charrsid14962311 Abdul Khair Mohammd Islam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8278807\charrsid14962311  [1997] 1 Cr. App. R. 22}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8278807\charrsid14962311  Buxton LJ said:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9579781\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8278807\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8278807\charrsid14962311 \'93
We are told that before speeches, and very usefully and properly, in accordance with the practice repeatedly urged by this Court, counsel discussed with the judge any particular directions that he should give to the jury.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8278807\charrsid14962311 
It was apparently agreed that he should remind the jury of the particular, and limited, nature and effect of the complaint evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8278807\charrsid14962311 In the event, however, no such direction was given.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8278807\charrsid14962311 At the end of the summing-up neither counsel reminded the judge of that omission.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8278807\charrsid14962311 
\par [35]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5381175\charrsid14962311 The raising of direction matters in this way is a useful trial function and in following it, counsel assist in achieving a fair trial.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5381175\charrsid14962311 In doing so they act in their client\rquote s interest.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5381175\charrsid14962311 The appellate courts will not 
look favourably on cases where counsel have held their seats, hoping for an appeal point, when issues in directions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3553578\charrsid14962311 
should have been raised with the judge.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5005366\charrsid14962311 
We do not believe this was intended in this case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8278807\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7012579\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14440959\charrsid14962311 [36]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12912632\charrsid14962311 
In the case before us the judge referred in his directions to the complaints to the other witnesses in these terms [Record p41]:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7998094\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12912632\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12912632\charrsid14962311 \'93
The prosecution case rests substantially on the evidence of the victim Shayal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12912632\charrsid14962311 Prosecution says that her evidence is reliable, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16525879\charrsid14962311 
that it is strengthened by her informing it to the cousin sister, grandmother and the Doctor.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16525879\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16525879\charrsid14962311 
\par [37]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1140861\charrsid14962311 Procedurally for the evidence of recent complaint to be admissible, both the complainant and the witness complained to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9704553\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1140861\charrsid14962311  must testify as to the terms of the complaint}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7021635\charrsid14962311 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9704553\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9704553\charrsid14962311 Kory White v. The Queen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9704553\charrsid14962311  [1999] 1 AC 210 at p215H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1140861\charrsid14962311 . This was done here.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16525879\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1140861\charrsid14962311 
\par [38]\tab The complaint is not evidence of facts complained of, nor is it corroboration.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1140861\charrsid14962311 It goes to the consistency of the conduct of the complainant with her evidence given at the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1140861\charrsid14962311 It goes to support and enhance the credibility of the complainant.
\par 
\par [39]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5003240\charrsid14962311 The complaint need not disclose all of the ingredients of the offence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5003240\charrsid14962311 But it must disclose evidence of material and relevant unlawful sexual conduct o}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6768987\charrsid14962311 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5003240\charrsid14962311  the part of the Accused.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5003240\charrsid14962311 It is not necessary for the complaina
nt to describe the full extent of the unlawful sexual conduct, provided it is capable of supporting the credibility of the complainant\rquote s evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5003240\charrsid14962311 The judge should point out inconsistencies. These he referred to in an earlier paragraph.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1140861\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15363026\charrsid14962311 
\par [40]\tab The Petitioner\rquote s argument is that the complainant did not go so far as to complain to the witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15416236\charrsid14962311 es}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15363026\charrsid14962311  about ra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9704553\charrsid14962311 pe.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9704553\charrsid14962311 The cousin sister said the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15363026\charrsid14962311  complainant told her that the Petitioner was touching her body and breasts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15363026\charrsid14962311 The same story was related by the aunt, the mother of the cousin sister, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9704553\charrsid14962311 by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15363026\charrsid14962311  the grandmother.
\par 
\par [41]\tab However when alone with the doctor, the complainant told a fuller story.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15363026\charrsid14962311 She recorded the complainant as saying \'93Her stepdad Anand usually touches her breasts and at times would remove her panties and insert his fingers into her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15363026\charrsid14962311 He also sucks her breasts and twice he put his \lquote susu\rquote  into her 
\lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8258681\charrsid14962311 susu\rquote .\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15363026\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2702473\charrsid14962311 
\par [42]\tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2702473\charrsid14962311 The State v. Waisea Volavola}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2702473\charrsid14962311 
 Cr. App. HAA 106/2002S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2702473\charrsid14962311  in dealing with recent complaint and the issue of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466738\charrsid14962311 the complaint being \'93recent\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2702473\charrsid14962311 Shameem J said at p13:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2958880\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466738\charrsid14962311 \'93
However, her silence could easily have been consistent with her shame at the incident, connected with cultural taboos in relation to discussing sexual matters with elders.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466738\charrsid14962311 To say that an absence of recent complaint confirms consent is an error of both 
fact and law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466738\charrsid14962311 
On the facts of this case, there was nothing to suggest that her silence meant consent to the sexual intercourse.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5466738\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311 [43]\tab This might explain the lack of explicit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16523842\charrsid14962311 forthrightness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11621855\charrsid14962311  by the complainant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16523842\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311 on the extent of the molestation when speaking to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11621855\charrsid14962311  her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311  relatives}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16523842\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311 
 as against the opportunity to put the story to the doctor when she was not overshadowed by those taboos.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311 Certainly it was open to regard the report to the doctor as a recent complaint in view of the fear }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16523842\charrsid14962311 with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311  which she was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5521116\charrsid14962311 observed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16523842\charrsid14962311  preventing her from telling the full story}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11621855\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5521116\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16523842\charrsid14962311  the fear}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311  of which she testified.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16523842\charrsid14962311 Strict d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311 icta to the contrary in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311 Peniasi Senikarawa v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311 
 Crim. App. AAU0005/2004S 24th March 2006}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311  may have been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11621855\charrsid14962311  setting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311  too inflexible}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11621855\charrsid14962311  a rule}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16523842\charrsid14962311 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7490767\charrsid14962311  complainant\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11688881\charrsid14962311 explanation as to why a report was not made immediately}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16523842\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11688881\charrsid14962311  or in its fullest detail}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16523842\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11688881\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7549511\charrsid14962311 is to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11688881\charrsid14962311  be expected.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11688881\charrsid14962311 The real question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7549511\charrsid14962311 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11688881\charrsid14962311 s whether the witness was consistent and credible in her conduct and}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16523842\charrsid14962311  in her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11688881\charrsid14962311  explanation of it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311 
\par 
\par [44]\tab There were of course several difficulties with the recent complaint evidence in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311 Senikarawa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311 The mother\rquote s evidence did not tally well with that of the complainant daughter.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311 But one must bear in mind as was said in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311 
Spooner v. R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311  [2004] EWCA Crim. 1320 Eng. Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311  it is not necessary for the complainant to describe \'93the full extent of the unlawful sexual conduct.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311 It is enough here, besides the evidence of touching the body all over, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311 touching the breasts, touching }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311  private parts, and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311  inserting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2773672\charrsid14962311 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311 fingers into the vagina.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311 Molested }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5459186\charrsid14962311 traumatised children are not to be expected to provide answers with confident }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2773672\charrsid14962311 
all-encompassing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4740511\charrsid14962311  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2773672\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 anatomical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5459186\charrsid14962311 precision as if to a Board of Examining Surgeons.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956951\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 
\par [45]\tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 White}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 
 supra at p220C, the Privy Council held that since the case turned entirely upon the complainant\rquote s credibility, it was not possible to apply the proviso and the appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769430\charrsid14962311 had to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 be allowed and the conviction set aside.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 In that case the persons to whom she complain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5847187\charrsid14962311 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311  were not called to give evidence, and so there was no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2773672\charrsid14962311 supportive }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 evidence of her consistency and credibility.
\par 
\par [46]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9732\charrsid14962311 In the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16524739\charrsid14962311  instant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 case, the judge\rquote s re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16524739\charrsid14962311 counting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 of the prosecutor\rquote s closing arguments may have been in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16524739\charrsid14962311 felicitous.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 
It was after all the credibility and consistency of the complainant that was supported, if accepted, by the evidence of recent complaints, not the complainant\rquote s \lquote evidence\rquote  that was s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2194639\charrsid14962311 trengthened.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 The dis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4682464\charrsid14962311 tinction in the purpose of the evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 has been done away with in England by the passing of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 which makes the p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4682464\charrsid14962311 revious }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4682464\charrsid14962311 tatements }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4000298\charrsid14962311 admissible if certain conditions are met [s.120 (4) (7) and (8)].

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5847187\charrsid14962311 
\par [47]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4682464\charrsid14962311 Here though }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5847187\charrsid14962311 
there were repeated complaints, they did at least provide evidence of the complainant\rquote s consistent conduct: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5847187\charrsid14962311 R v. O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5847187\charrsid14962311  [2006] 2 Cr. App. R. 27.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5847187\charrsid14962311 
\par 
\par [48]\tab The judge went on to refer to the other evidence which provided supportive evidence of the complaint.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5847187\charrsid14962311 First there was the doctor\rquote s evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5847187\charrsid14962311 There w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1144633\charrsid14962311 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5847187\charrsid14962311 s no other suggestion as to how the hymen was missing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5847187\charrsid14962311 Of course the doctor\rquote s evidence did not link the Petitioner in the crime.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5847187\charrsid14962311 That identity was provided by the complainant whom the assessors and judge upon their observations at trial were to decide whether she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4682464\charrsid14962311 had been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5847187\charrsid14962311  truthful and credible in making such accusations.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1144633\charrsid14962311 
\par [49]\tab The other powerful evidence was that of the neighbour who saw the molestation in the bedroom from the porch.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1144633\charrsid14962311 That was direct evidence, supporting the complainant\rquote s evidence, contradicting the defence case of total denial of any impropriety and tending to confirm the complainant }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15222728\charrsid14962311 was a witness of truth.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15222728\charrsid14962311 This was clearly cogent and convincing evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15222728\charrsid14962311 There was no such independent evidence in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15222728\charrsid14962311 White}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15222728\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1144633\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15222728\charrsid14962311 
\par [50]\tab The inadequacy of the direction would not therefore have affected the result.
\par 
\par [51]\tab Special leave is not to be granted on an issue not raised in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1595063\charrsid14962311  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15222728\charrsid14962311  two lower courts, for no exceptional grounds have been raised.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15222728\charrsid14962311 If }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8785662\charrsid14962311 such}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15222728\charrsid14962311  had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3545340\charrsid14962311 
been found, the proviso would have been applied since there was available other convincing evidence of guilt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1595063\charrsid14962311 disregarding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3545340\charrsid14962311  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1595063\charrsid14962311  credibility}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3545340\charrsid14962311  evidence of recent complaints.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3545340\charrsid14962311 A substantial and grave injustice will not occur from a refusal of special leave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1595063\charrsid14962311 
 on this ground and on the appeal against conviction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3545340\charrsid14962311  [section 7 (2) (c) Supreme Court Act]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2768875\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1595063\charrsid14962311 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2768875\charrsid14962311 he threshold}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14569487\charrsid14962311  requirements}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1595063\charrsid14962311  for leave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14569487\charrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2768875\charrsid14962311 have not been reached.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16525879\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2768875\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 Against }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2768875\charrsid14962311 Sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2768875 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15035774\charrsid14962311 [52]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 \tab The Petitioner through his counsel fi
les }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14973286\charrsid14962311 a single}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311  ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14973286\charrsid14962311  of appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311  against sentence stating that the learned trial judge 
\'93erred in principle and also erred in exercising his sentencing discretion }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6188053\charrsid14962311 to the extent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2768875\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 
That he took a high starting point of 12 years imprisonment.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}Adding 7 years as aggravating factors to the already high starting point.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16525879\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 [53]\tab As has been said often by this court, the challenge in the Supreme }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14628235\charrsid14962311 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 ourt must be to the error of the court below in its judgment, that is}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6188053\charrsid14962311  of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311  the Court of Appeal, not that }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5188050\charrsid14962311 of the High Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5188050\charrsid14962311 The appeal by petition is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6188053\charrsid14962311  brought}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5188050\charrsid14962311  by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6188053\charrsid14962311 virtue }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5188050\charrsid14962311 of this court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14628235\charrsid14962311 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5188050\charrsid14962311 s jurisdiction [section 98 (3) Constitution of 2013].}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5188050\charrsid14962311 
\par [54]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 Counsel referred us to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
Simeli Bili Naisua v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311  Crim. App. No. CAV 0010 of 2003}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 At paragraphs 19, 20 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6188053\charrsid14962311 Goundar JA in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 the Supreme Court set out the correct approach to sentencing appeals.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 It is worth }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6188053\charrsid14962311 repeating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 those clear directions:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5188050\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14628235\charrsid14962311 [19] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
It is clear that the Court of Appeal will approach an appeal against sentencing using the principles set out in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 House v The King}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311  (1936) 55 CLR 499 and adopted in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 Kim Nam Bae v The State}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311  Criminal Appeal No. AAU0015 at [2].}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 Appellate courts will interfere with a sentence if it is demonstrated that the trial judge made one of the following errors:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li1134\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 Acted upon a wrong principle;}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 Allowed extraneous or irrelevant matters to guide or affect him;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 Mistook the facts;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iv)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 Failed to take into account some relevant consideration.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14628235\charrsid14962311 [20] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
When considering the grounds of appeal against sentence, the above principles serve as an important yardstick to arrive at a conclusion whether the ground is arguable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 This point is well supported by a decision on leave to appeal against sentence in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 Chirk King Yam v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
 Criminal Appeal No. AAU0095 of 2011 at [18]-[9].}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
In the present case, the learned judge\rquote s conclusion that the appellant had not shown his sentence was wrong in law was made in error.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 The test for leave is not whether the sentence is wrong in law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 The test is whether the grounds of appeal against sentence are arguable points under the four principles of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 Kim Bam Bae\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311  case.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4417613\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8930548\charrsid14962311 [55]\tab I therefore asked the Petitioner\rquote 
s counsel under which of these permissible appellate headings he sought to bring this sentencing appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8930548\charrsid14962311 He indicated it was on (i) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid221055\charrsid14962311 that is that the judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8930548\charrsid14962311 acted upon a wrong principle.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8930548\charrsid14962311 However as was clear during the course of counsel\rquote s argument, and in the written submissions, the complaint dealt with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid941849\charrsid14962311 q}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9509902\charrsid14962311 uantum of sentence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8930548\charrsid14962311 rather than }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid941849\charrsid14962311 principle.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8930548\charrsid14962311 Indeed the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9509902\charrsid14962311 nature }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8930548\charrsid14962311 of the principle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9509902\charrsid14962311  offended}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8930548\charrsid14962311  was not identified.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6229343\charrsid14962311 Quantum }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8930548\charrsid14962311 can r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5185045\charrsid14962311 are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8930548\charrsid14962311 ly be a ground for the intervention of the Supreme Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8930548\charrsid14962311 
\par [56]\tab In the High Court the Accused was sentenced as follows:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8930548 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ltrrow\ts22\trgaph108\trleft851\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid9847071\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind959\tblindtype3 
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2121\clshdrawnil \cellx2972\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3081\clshdrawnil \cellx6053\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3081\clshdrawnil \cellx9134\pard \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617\charrsid3747617 Count\tab 1.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617 \cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617\charrsid3747617 [Rape]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617 
\cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617\charrsid3747617 16 years imprisonment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617 \cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\ltrrow
\ts22\trgaph108\trleft851\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid9847071\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind959\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2121\clshdrawnil \cellx2972\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3081\clshdrawnil \cellx6053\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3081\clshdrawnil \cellx9134\row \ltrrow}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3747617 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617\charrsid3747617 2\cell [Rape]\cell \'93\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\ltrrow
\ts22\trgaph108\trleft851\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid9847071\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind959\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2121\clshdrawnil \cellx2972\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3081\clshdrawnil \cellx6053\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3081\clshdrawnil \cellx9134\row \ltrrow}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3747617 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617\charrsid3747617 3.\cell [Rape]\cell \'93\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617 \trowd \irow2\irowband2\ltrrow
\ts22\trgaph108\trleft851\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid9847071\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind959\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2121\clshdrawnil \cellx2972\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3081\clshdrawnil \cellx6053\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3081\clshdrawnil \cellx9134\row \ltrrow}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3747617 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617\charrsid3747617 4.\cell [Rape]\cell \'93\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617 \trowd \irow3\irowband3\ltrrow
\ts22\trgaph108\trleft851\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid9847071\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind959\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2121\clshdrawnil \cellx2972\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3081\clshdrawnil \cellx6053\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3081\clshdrawnil \cellx9134\row \ltrrow}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3747617 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617\charrsid3747617 5.\cell [Indecent Assault]\cell 3 years imprisonment\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617 \trowd \irow4\irowband4\lastrow \ltrrow
\ts22\trgaph108\trleft851\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid9847071\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind959\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2121\clshdrawnil \cellx2972\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3081\clshdrawnil \cellx6053\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3081\clshdrawnil \cellx9134\row }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747617\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6183248\charrsid14962311 
All sentences were ordered to be served concurrently.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6183248\charrsid14962311 
The total sentence therefore was 16 years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6183248\charrsid14962311 
The judge ordered a non-parole period or minimum term to be served of 12 years imprisonment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6183248\charrsid14962311 
\par [57]\tab The learned judge referred to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6183248\charrsid14962311 State v. AV}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6183248\charrsid14962311  [2009] FJHC 24; HAC 192.2008, 21st February 2009}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6183248\charrsid14962311  where it had been said:

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14250586\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14250586\charrsid14962311 \'93
Rape is the most serious form of sexual assault .... Society cannot condone any form of sexual assaults on children ... Sexual offenders must be deterred from committing this kind of offences.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6183248\charrsid14962311 
\par [58]\tab The judge correctly identified the tariff for rape of a child as being between 10-1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9973595\charrsid14962311 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6183248\charrsid14962311  years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14036748\charrsid14962311  imprisonment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14036748\charrsid14962311 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14036748\charrsid14962311 Mutch v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14036748\charrsid14962311  Cr. App. AAU 0060/99, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14036748\charrsid14962311 Mani v. State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14036748\charrsid14962311  Cr. App. No. HAA 0053/021, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14036748\charrsid14962311 State v. Saitava}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14036748\charrsid14962311  Cr. Case No. HAC 10/07, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14036748\charrsid14962311 State v. Tony}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14036748\charrsid14962311  Cr. App. No. HAA 003/08).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6183248\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6183248\charrsid14962311 
\par [59]\tab His Lordship took his starting point as 12 years and added 7 years for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106474\charrsid14962311 the aggravating factors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106474\charrsid14962311 No criticism can be made of the starting point selected.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16582650\charrsid14962311 It was within the tariff.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6183248\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106474\charrsid14962311 
\par [60]\tab A reduction of 2 years was allowed for the Petitioner\rquote s mitigating factors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106474\charrsid14962311 The mitigation was identified as that he was 40 years old with a 5 year old son from a previous marriage and that he was looking after a 53 year old mother.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106474\charrsid14962311 In addition it was acknowledged that his busines
s and properties had been taken over by his brother, \'93and that he was remorseful.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106474\charrsid14962311 In the circumstances, the allowance of 2 years was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12720690\charrsid14962311 over-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106474\charrsid14962311 generous}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12720690\charrsid14962311  as was noted by the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106474\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106474\charrsid14962311 His responsibility for his 5 year old son and 53 year old mother was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5640184\charrsid14962311 in
 reality of little}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106474\charrsid14962311  mitigato}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12720690\charrsid14962311 ry value}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106474\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 
\par [61]\tab However the suggestion that he was remorseful could count for nothing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 He had pleaded not guilty, which was his right.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 But in doing so, he had put the complainant through the misery, fear, and embarrassment of having to give evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12720690\charrsid14962311  and be cross-examined}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12720690\charrsid14962311 Then he gave no evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12720690\charrsid14962311 Such a combination }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16334961\charrsid14962311 has been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12720690\charrsid14962311  considered to amount to no mitigation at all: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12720690\charrsid14962311 Asesela Drotini v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12720690\charrsid14962311 
 Crim. App. AAU0001/2005S 24th March 2006}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12720690\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 She }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16334961\charrsid14962311 gave evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311  in court from behind a screen.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 Indeed in his appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16334961\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311  and by his appeal against conviction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16334961\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311  he has maintained his innocence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 No value can be attached to such remorse.
\par 
\par [62]\tab The high level of the sentence had its origin in the seriously aggravating factors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16279514\charrsid14962311  which were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 identified by the judge in his sentencing remarks.
\par 
\par [63]\tab They were:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 The Petitioner was the complainant
\rquote s stepfather who should have protected her.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 
Instead he breached the trust expected of him,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311  and the breach was gross.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6049209\charrsid14962311 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311 
The rape offences took place continuously over a long period of time.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311 Such an experience \'93will surely scar her for the rest of her life\'94 [Record p24]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6049209\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6049209\charrsid14962311 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311 She was a child of 10 years.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311 
It is not clear what factors the learned judge took into account when fixing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16279514\charrsid14962311  the starting point on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311  the tariff.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311 The age of the child, if very young}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16279514\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311  could yet be an aggravating factor.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311 In this case it is more likely and appropriate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16279514\charrsid14962311 that it be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311  put into consideration for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3867704\charrsid14962311 arriving at the tariff only}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16279514\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3867704\charrsid14962311  and not added on later as an aggravating factor.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5519482\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6049209\charrsid14962311 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3867704\charrsid14962311 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iv)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3867704\charrsid14962311 
The frequency of the crime against children in Fiji, and therefore the need for deterrence.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6049209\charrsid14962311 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3867704\charrsid14962311 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (v)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3867704\charrsid14962311 She had 
been subjected to threats to kill her, assaulted and injured by the Petitioner.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16133134\charrsid14962311 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16133134\charrsid14962311 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (vi)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16133134\charrsid14962311 She was observed to be in real fear of the Petitioner. Such threats besides causing fear and anxiety in the victim over a long period, had postponed the exposure of these offences.

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16133134\charrsid14962311 
\par [63]\tab These aggravating factors made this a particularly bad case of child abuse and for the specific }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046563\charrsid14962311 crime }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16133134\charrsid14962311 charged namely rape.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5052266\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16133134\charrsid14962311 
\par [64]\tab The judge allowed a further 1 year discount on sentence for the period of time spent on remand [Record p25], bringing the sentence on each of the rape counts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6187955\charrsid14962311 down }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16133134\charrsid14962311 to 16 years.
\par 
\par [65]\tab It is not accurate to say}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6187955\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16133134\charrsid14962311 
 as was submitted in the written submissions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6187955\charrsid14962311 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16133134\charrsid14962311 
 that \'93the victim was not physically harmed by any violence on her.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16133134\charrsid14962311 She gave evidence of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6029940\charrsid14962311 
being assaulted and injured on the face, and of attempts at penetration with difficulty for which pain can be assumed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6029940\charrsid14962311 She lost her hymen at age 10 and was in constant fear of his threats to kill or of violence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16133134\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046563\charrsid14962311 
\par [66]\tab The learned sentencing judge was correct in his approach.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046563\charrsid14962311 The Court of Appeal in its judgment at paragraph 18 said:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10713259\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10713259\charrsid14962311 \'93
Rapes of juveniles (under the age of 18 years) must attract a sentence of at least 10 years and the accepted range of sentences is between 10 and 16 years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10713259\charrsid14962311 There can be no faul
t in the sentencing approach of the learned Judge referred to above (in para 13), save as to say we do not consider that allowance should have been made for family circumstances.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10713259\charrsid14962311 To that extent the appellant was afforded leniency that he did not deserve.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046563\charrsid14962311 
\par We indorse th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10233229\charrsid14962311 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046563\charrsid14962311 se remarks.
\par 
\par [67]\tab The sentences in this case were at the high end f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid264729\charrsid14962311 or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046563\charrsid14962311  such sentences.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046563\charrsid14962311 But there was ample reasoning provided for the extent of those necessary and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid264729\charrsid14962311 
condign }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046563\charrsid14962311 sentences.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046563\charrsid14962311 This child suffered greatly and the punishment must reflect society\rquote s abhorrence of such }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid264729\charrsid14962311 prolonged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046563\charrsid14962311 ill treatment and abuse.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10572014\charrsid14962311 
The sentences reflected correctly the totality of the offending and were just, in accordance with the purpose expressed in section 4 (1) (a) of the Sentencing and Penalties Decree.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046563\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 
\par [68]\tab No }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid264729\charrsid14962311 wrong }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 
principle has been demonstrated here}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid264729\charrsid14962311 , no miscarriage of sentencing discretion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14962311  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 Special }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid264729\charrsid14962311 leave cannot }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 be granted on the petition against sentence.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 Conclusion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2100523\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 [69]\tab In the result:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 
\par 1.\tab The petition for special leave against conviction and sentence is refused.
\par 2.\tab The decision of the Court of Appeal is affirmed.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 Hettige JA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 :
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2100523\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 I agree with the reasoning and the proposed orders of the Chief Justice.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 Ekanayake JA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 :
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2100523\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 I agree with the reasoning and the proposed orders of the Chief Justice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8787126\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5582677\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3677619\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3747617 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3677619\charrsid14962311 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 ..................................................................
\par Hon. Chief Justice Anthony Gates
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 President of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5582677\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3677619\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 ..................................................................
\par Hon. Mr. Justice Sathyaa Hettige PC
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 Justice of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5582677\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3677619\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 .................................................................
\par Hon. Madam Justice Ekanayake
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 Justice of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5582677\charrsid14962311 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14962311 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5582677\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 Solicitors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9071028\charrsid14962311 :
\par Office of the Legal Aid Commission for Appellant
\par Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions for State
\par 
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