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{\title IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE FIJI ISLANDS}{\author Usha}{\operator sam_f}{\creatim\yr2009\mo3\dy17\hr15\min18}{\revtim\yr2009\mo3\dy17\hr15\min29}{\printim\yr1980\mo1\dy4\hr8\min56}{\version5}{\edmins9}{\nofpages9}{\nofwords3935}{\nofchars22430}
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\fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE FIJI ISLANDS
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. CAV00}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7869172\charrsid16581113 06}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113  OF 2008S
\par (Fiji Court of Appeal No. AAU00}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11493226\charrsid16581113 38/2006S)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 
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\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 AND:
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 THE STATE
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 Respondent
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\par Coram:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 The Hon Justice Kenneth Handley, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par The Hon Justice David Ipp, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par The Hon Justice Ronald Sackville, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par 
\par Hearing:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 Monday, 9th February 2009, Suva
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\par Counsel:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10633333\charrsid16581113 Mr }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7869172\charrsid16581113 A.K. Singh for th
e Petitioner}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 
\par Mr }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8393292\charrsid16581113 P. Bulam}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11493226\charrsid16581113 ainaivalu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113  for the Respondent

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\par Date of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 Judgment:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 T}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10633333\charrsid16581113 hursday}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 , 1}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10633333\charrsid16581113 2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid16581113 th February 2009, Suva
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\tab The principal issue raised by this petition for special leave to appeal is whether the petitioner was denied what he claims is his statutory right to a preliminary inquiry before }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 he was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7869172\charrsid16581113  tried in the High }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11493226\charrsid16581113 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7869172\charrsid16581113 ourt for indictable offences.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7869172\charrsid16581113 
If the petitioner establishes that he has been denied that entitlement, a further question arises, namely whether his convictions for the offences should be set aside by reason of the failure of the State to follow the prescribed pre-trial procedures.

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\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 BACKGROUND}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 
\par 
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 2006, after a trial in the High Court, of one count of robbery with violence, contrary to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9783176\charrsid16581113 s.293 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 1}{
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\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 The count of robbery with violence related to the theft of F$525,000 in}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834687\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 cash, the property of the ANZ Bank, on 6 December 2002.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 The count of larceny related to the theft on 5th December 2002 of a number plate subsequently used in the robbery.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 The petitioner was sentenced to a total of 14 years imprisonment for the two offences of which he was convicted.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 [3]\tab 
The petitioner filed a notice of appeal with the Court of Appeal challenging both his convictions and his sentence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 
However, he was subsequently refused leave to appeal by a single Judge of that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 ourt.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 The petitioner\rquote 
s case perhaps was not advanced by his escape from custody (and subsequent recapture) prior to the hearing of what was }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834687\charrsid16581113 treated by the Judge as an application for leave to appeal.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2121971\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7869172\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 [4]\tab The petitioner then lodged an application with the Cour
t of Appeal seeking an enlargement of time to appeal against his convictions and sentence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
The Court of Appeal held that the single Judge had erred in concluding that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
he petitioner was limited to an appeal on a question of law alone.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 Nonetheless, the Co
urt held that the proposed appeal had no merit, either in law or on the facts.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
It therefore refused the petitioner leave to appeal out of time.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 [5]\tab The petitioner has sought special leave to appeal to this }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 ourt from the judgment of the Court of Appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 His petition identified a number of grounds of appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
However, the only ground elaborated in oral argument on the petitioner\rquote s behalf was that he had elected to be tried in the High Court on the charge of robbery with violence and, having so elected, wa
s entitled under the Criminal Procedure Code, Cap.21 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 CPC}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 ) to a preliminary inquiry before he could be validly tried }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 on}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113  that charge in the High Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
Since no such preliminary inquiry was conducted before his trial, so the petitioner argued, his convictions could not stand and should be set aside by this Court.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 THE STATUTORY FRAMEWORK}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 [6]\tab T}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 he starting point in order to follow the petitioner\rquote s submissions is the Electable Offences Decree 1988 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 the Decree}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 ).}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 Section 3 of the Decree provides that \endash 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
No person charged with an offence under the Penal Code shall be entitled to elect to be tried before the High Court unless the offence with which he has been charged is an electable offence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 An }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 electable offence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113  includes }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 Robbery with violence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 : s.2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113  Schedule.
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 7
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 ]\tab Section 3 of the Decree appears to assume that a person charged with an electable offence is entitled to elect to be tried before the High}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4207192\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 Court, even if the prosecution initia}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4207192\charrsid16581113 l}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 ly proceeds against that person in the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
agistrates}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7016922\charrsid16581113 \rquote }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 c}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 ourt.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3560091\charrsid16581113 
Both the petitioner and the State appeared to accept in oral argument that s.3, despite its }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13062712\charrsid16581113 
rather curious structure, confers an entitlement on an accused person to elect to be tried in the High }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 ourt}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13062712\charrsid16581113  if he or she is charged with an electable offence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13062712\charrsid16581113 Be
 that as it may, the provision clearly does not mean (contrary to what seems to have been suggested in argument }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 and in the judgement of the Court of Appeal }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13062712\charrsid16581113 that a person charged with an electable offence in the High }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13062712\charrsid16581113 ourt is entitled}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113  to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13062712\charrsid16581113  elect to have the o
ffence tried in a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13062712\charrsid16581113 agistrate\rquote s }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 c
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13062712\charrsid16581113 ourt.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4207192\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4207192\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [8}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4207192\charrsid16581113 
]\tab Section 3 of the Decree should be read with the relevant provisions of the CPC.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4207192\charrsid16581113 
Part VII of the CPC, prior to the enactment of Criminal Procedure Code (Amendment) Act 2003 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4207192\charrsid16581113 the Amendment Act}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4207192\charrsid16581113 ), contained provisions relating to the committal of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 an}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4207192\charrsid16581113  accused person for trial b}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 y}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4207192\charrsid16581113 
 what was then described as the Supreme Court (now the High Court).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4207192\charrsid16581113 
Section 224 of the CPC, which was in Part VII, provided as follows:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871175\charrsid16581113 
Whenever any charge has}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113  be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871175\charrsid16581113 en brought against any person of an }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113 offence }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871175\charrsid16581113 not triable by a magistrates\rquote  court or as to which the magistrate}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113 is of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871175\charrsid16581113 opinion that it ought to be tried by the Supreme }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 Court or}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871175\charrsid16581113  where}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 an application}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871175\charrsid16581113  in that behalf has been made by }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871175\charrsid16581113 public}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113  prosecutor}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 a preliminary}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871175\charrsid16581113  inquiry shall 
be held, according to the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871175\charrsid16581113 provisions}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 hereinafter contained}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871175\charrsid16581113 , by a magistrates\rquote  court,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871175\charrsid16581113 locally and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113 otherwise competent}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 
]\tab It will be seen that if s.3 of the Decree has }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 he effect attributed to it by the parties}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113  s.224 would apply where an accused person, charged with an}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7016922\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 electable offence in the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 magistrate
\rquote s c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 ourt, elects to have the charge heard by the High Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 This would be so because the charge relating to such an offence would no longer be }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 triable by a magis}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7016922\charrsid16581113 trates\rquote  court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7016922\charrsid16581113  for the purposes of s.224 of the CPC.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [10}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 ]\tab Section 220 of the CPC, also in Part VII, provided }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 (before the Amendment Act) }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 that if, before or during the course of a trial }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 in}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113  a magistrates\rquote  court, it appears to the magistrate that the case is one which ought to be tried by the Suprem}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7016922\charrsid16581113 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 
 Court, or before the commencement of the trial the prosecutor makes an application that the case should be so tried, the magistrate is not to proceed with the trial.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 In lieu thereof, the magistrate is to hold a preliminary inquiry in accordance with the detailed procedures laid down by Part VII of the CPC.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 
It follows that if the prosecutor makes an application under s.220 of the CPC for the case to be tried in the High Court, s.224 of the CPC applies to the proceedings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 Accordingly,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113  under the pre-Amendment Act provisions if the prosecutor applies under s.220,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113  the magistrates\rquote  court }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3080627\charrsid16581113 
 obliged to conduct a preliminary inquiry.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16525021\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [11}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16525021\charrsid16581113 ]\tab As we have noted, prior to the Amendment Act, Part VII of the CPC made elaborate provision for the conduct of a preliminary inquiry by the magistrates\rquote  court.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16525021\charrsid16581113 It is not necessary to recount the details of the statutory scheme}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 It should be noted, however, }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16525021\charrsid16581113 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16525021\charrsid16581113 
t s.226(2) of the CPC expressly permitted an accused person to question each witness produced against him or her by the prosecution and required the witness\rquote s answers to form part of the depositions. 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [12}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The Amendment Act came into force on 13 October 2003.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 
Among other things, the Amendment Act repealed Part VII of the CPC and substituted a new Part VII (now ss.223-236).
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [13}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The new s.223 of the CPC provides that a magistrate may transfer any charge or proceedings to the High Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 Section 224 stat}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022312\charrsid16581113 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 
s that an accused person shall not be subject to a preliminary inquiry or to committal proceedings prior to the transfer to the High }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 ourt for trial.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 
The Amendment Act has also removed all references in the CPC to a preliminary inquiry (or to similar expressions).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 
The evident intent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016365\charrsid16581113 ion}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 , subject to the effect of the transitional provision}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016365\charrsid16581113  to which we refer in [1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 6}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016365\charrsid16581113 ] below}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 , is to remove accused\rquote s entitlement to a preliminary inquiry }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 prior to}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113  a trial in the High Court.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [14}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 ]\tab Consistently with that evident intentio}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113 n}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 , s.226 of the CPC now provides as follows:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113 
If an accused person has \'85 pleaded not guilty to an electable offence in respect of which the accused has elected a trial in the High }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9783176\charrsid16581113 Court,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113  the magistrate, shall, forthwith, order the transfer of the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7633515\charrsid16581113  charges }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9783176\charrsid16581113 or proceedings}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113  of the High Court \'85 for trial.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7633515\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7406040\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [15}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7633515\charrsid16581113 ]\tab Section 15 of the Amendment Act is the transitional provision.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7633515\charrsid16581113 It provides as }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7633515\charrsid16581113 ollows:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5855678\charrsid16581113  
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7633515\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7633515\charrsid16581113 
This Act does not apply to charges for electable offences pending }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9783176\charrsid16581113 in the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7633515\charrsid16581113  magistrate\rquote 
s courts before the commencement of this Act except}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7633515\charrsid16581113 where the accused person consented to his or her case being transferre
d to the High Court under the new section 226.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7633515\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8719868\charrsid16581113 It would seem that the word }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8719868\charrsid16581113 consented}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8719868\charrsid16581113  should be read as }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8719868\charrsid16581113 consents}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8719868\charrsid16581113 
 since an accused person could not consent to the proposed transfer under the new s.226 until after the Amendment Act had come into force.\tab }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8719868\charrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7633515\charrsid16581113 PROCEDURAL CHRONOLOGY
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871175\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [16}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid867068\charrsid16581113 
]\tab The petitioner was arrested and charged on 6 January 2003 with the offences of which he was ultimately convicted.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid867068\charrsid16581113 
(The charges were amended before or at the trial, but nothing turns on this.)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 [1}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 7}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The petitioner was convicted on a related charge in January 2003 and sentenced to a term of imprisonment.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 He remained in custody until his release in November 2005.\tab 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [18}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7552744\charrsid16581113 \tab On 26 November 2003, the petitioner }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 
appeared }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7552744\charrsid16581113 without legal representation before a Magistrate.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7552744\charrsid16581113 His co-accused also appeared in the magistrates\rquote  court on this occasion, but was legally represented.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7552744\charrsid16581113 The petitioner pleaded not guilty to the charges against him and elected to have the charges tried by the High Court, rather than the magistrates\rquote  court.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7552744\charrsid16581113 The co-accused, according to the record of proceedings, elected to be tried by the magistrates\rquote 
 court although (as has been pointed out) that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 election
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7552744\charrsid16581113  does not appear to reflect accurately the operation of the relevant legislation. In any event, the co-accused
 indicated that he opposed the State\rquote s foreshadowed application under s.220 of the CP}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7552744\charrsid16581113  for the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7552744\charrsid16581113 matters to be remitted to the High Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7552744\charrsid16581113 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7552744\charrsid16581113 The proceedings w}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 ere}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7552744\charrsid16581113  stood over until 1 December 2003.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [19}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 ]\tab After a series of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 adjourn}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 ments}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113  the proceedings came before a different Magistrate on 21 January 2004.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 Both accused we}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 r}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 e unrepresented.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 The record of the proceedings states tha}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113  the Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14379156\charrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14379156\charrsid16581113 Explains the new Criminal Procedure Code}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14379156\charrsid16581113  clearly}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113  enough so as \'85}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14379156\charrsid16581113 
 a reference to the changes effected by the Amendment Act.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14379156\charrsid16581113 
The petitioner and his co-accused requested two weeks to consider whether they would consent to the matter being transferred under }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14379156\charrsid16581113 new Criminal Procedure Code provision}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14379156\charrsid16581113 .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14379156\charrsid16581113 This}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113  seems to have been}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14379156\charrsid16581113  a reference to the new s.226 of the CPC.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14492362\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [20}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 proceedings}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 
 returned to the same Magistrate on 4 February 2004.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 Again, both the petitioner and his co-accused were unrepresented.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 The record of proceedings states as follows:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 Both accused refuse consent to new Criminal Procedure Code}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 for High Court.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 Elect Paper Preliminary Inquiry in this Court.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 Hearing 28/4/02.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 Paper Preliminary Inquiry}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5574112\charrsid16581113 .
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 \f1\fs24\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 

\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 \fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [21}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 ]\tab On 28 April 2004, the proceedings came before another Magistrate.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 Both accused continued to be unrepresented.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 
The record states the following:
\par 
\par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts19\trgaph108\trleft720\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16581113\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind828\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2700\clshdrawnil \cellx3420\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5580\clshdrawnil \cellx9000\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid12129990 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 PROSECUTION}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \cell We are ready to transfer the case to High Court.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 
\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts19\trgaph108\trleft720\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16581113\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind828\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2700\clshdrawnil \cellx3420\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5580\clshdrawnil \cellx9000\row }\trowd \irow1\irowband1\ts19\trgaph108\trleft720\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16581113\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind828\tblindtype3 \clvmgf\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2700\clshdrawnil \cellx3420\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5580\clshdrawnil \cellx9000\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid12129990 {\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 COURT}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 :\cell To [the petitioner and co-accused]}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \cell }\pard 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\ts19\trgaph108\trleft720\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16581113\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind828\tblindtype3 \clvmgf\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2700\clshdrawnil \cellx3420\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5580\clshdrawnil \cellx9000\row }\trowd \irow2\irowband2\ts19\trgaph108\trleft720\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16581113\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind828\tblindtype3 \clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2700\clshdrawnil \cellx3420\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5580\clshdrawnil \cellx9000\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid12129990 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \cell 
Do you have any objection that this matter to be tried at High Court?\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 
\trowd \irow2\irowband2\ts19\trgaph108\trleft720\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16581113\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind828\tblindtype3 \clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2700\clshdrawnil \cellx3420\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5580\clshdrawnil \cellx9000\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid12129990 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \cell 
[The petitioner] \endash  No.\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \trowd \irow3\irowband3\ts19\trgaph108\trleft720\trbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16581113\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind828\tblindtype3 \clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2700\clshdrawnil \cellx3420\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5580\clshdrawnil \cellx9000\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid12129990 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \cell 
[Co-accused] \endash  No.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 
\trowd \irow4\irowband4\ts19\trgaph108\trleft720\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16581113\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind828\tblindtype3 \clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2700\clshdrawnil \cellx3420\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5580\clshdrawnil \cellx9000\row }\trowd \irow5\irowband5\ts19\trgaph108\trleft720\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16581113\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind828\tblindtype3 \clvmgf\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2700\clshdrawnil \cellx3420\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5580\clshdrawnil \cellx9000\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid12129990 {\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 COURT}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 :\cell Matter to be transferred to High Court.}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \cell }\pard 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \trowd \irow5\irowband5\ts19\trgaph108\trleft720\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16581113\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind828\tblindtype3 \clvmgf\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2700\clshdrawnil \cellx3420\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5580\clshdrawnil \cellx9000\row }\trowd \irow6\irowband6\lastrow \ts19\trgaph108\trleft720\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv
\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16581113\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind828\tblindtype3 \clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2700\clshdrawnil \cellx3420\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5580\clshdrawnil \cellx9000\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid12129990 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \cell 
Adjourned 12/5/04."\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113\charrsid16581113 \trowd \irow6\irowband6\lastrow \ts19\trgaph108\trleft720\trbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16581113\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind828\tblindtype3 \clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2700\clshdrawnil \cellx3420\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5580\clshdrawnil \cellx9000\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3365602\charrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 PETITIONER\rquote S ARGUMENT
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [22}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 ]\tab It was common}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426331\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 
ground that the petitioner was the subject of a pending charge in the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 agistrate}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 s\rquote  c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 ourt}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426331\charrsid16581113 
 for an electable offence, name}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 ly robbery with violence, before the commencement of the Amend}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 ment}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113  Act.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 
Accordingly, there was no dispute that the first part of s.15 of the Amendment Act was satisfied.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 Thus the CPC}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113  as amended could not apply to the petitioner unless the terms of the exception to s.15 w}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 ere}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113  satisfied.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426331\charrsid16581113 
\par [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 23}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426331\charrsid16581113 ]\tab }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 On this basis, the petitioner
\rquote s argument proceeded as follows:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426331\charrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 (i)\tab 
The terms of the exception to s.15 were not satisfied in this case because the petitioner}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113  on 4 February 2004}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113  had refused}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113  to consent to the proceedings against him being transferred
 to the High Court pursuant to the new s.226 of the CPC.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 Nothing change}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 d}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113  at the hearing on 28 April 2004.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 The record of the proceedings on that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 day }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 
merely indicates that the petitioner did not object to the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 prosecutor\rquote s }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 
announcement or that he was ready to transfer the matter to the High Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 
On the basis of the record, it could not be concluded that the petitioner }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16649875\charrsid16581113 intended to resile}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 
 from his previous refusal to consent to the transfer.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 The}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 
r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 e was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113  therefore}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 
 no basis for concluding that he had given }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 is
 informed consent to the transfer of the proceedings in the manner contemplate}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9783176 d by s.15 of the Amendment Act.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15864254\charrsid16581113 (ii)\tab Since the Amendment Act did not apply to the charge }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4026724\charrsid16581113 of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15864254\charrsid16581113  robbery with violence against the petitioner he was entitled to rely on his election
 to be tried in the High Court }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 in accordance with}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4026724\charrsid16581113  s.3 of the Decree.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4026724\charrsid16581113 The }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15864254\charrsid16581113 petitioner }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 had }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15864254\charrsid16581113 made that election on 26 November 2003 and did not alter his position after that date.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3962351\charrsid16581113 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8590640\charrsid16581113 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12194877 {
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8590640\charrsid16581113 Given the petitioner\rquote s election to be tried in the High Court, the charge of robbery with violence was not triable by a magistrates}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 \rquote }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8590640\charrsid16581113  court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8590640\charrsid16581113 In these circumstances, the effect of the old s.224 of the CPC }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 wa}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8590640\charrsid16581113 s that a magistrates\rquote  court ha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 d to hold a preliminary inquiry into the charge }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8590640\charrsid16581113 in order for a valid trial}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113  on that charge}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8590640\charrsid16581113 
 to take place in the High Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iv)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12194877 {
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 The language of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 the old }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 s.224 of the CPC }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 wa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 s mandatory.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 When}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 read in context}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113  that provision clearly intended that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113  a trial conducted without a preliminary inquiry }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 wa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 s to be regarded as }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 a nullity}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113  and }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 thus }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 any conviction resulting from such}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5511206\charrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 a trial would be liable to be set aside. According to the petitioner, this construction of the legislation }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 wa}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 s supported by the detailed procedural requirements laid down }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 in the CPC }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 for preliminary inquiries and by the restrictions imposed }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 by the CPC }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 on the right of the Directo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5511206\charrsid16581113 r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113  of Public P}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 rosecutions to proceed against a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 n accused person in the face of a discharge by the magistrates\rquote 
 court at the conclusion of a preliminary inquiry }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5511206\charrsid16581113 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9783176\charrsid16581113 s.232 (}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5511206\charrsid16581113 1)).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2897540\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (v)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12194877 {
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 Accordingly, the petitioner\rquote s conviction for robbery with violence should be set aside by this Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 The petitioner\rquote 
s submissions seem to assume that it must follow that his conviction for larceny should also be set aside, even though larceny is not classified by the Decree as an electable offence.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 THE COURT OF APPEAL JUDGMENT
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [24}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 
]\tab The Court of Appeal addressed but dismissed the argument put forward by the petitioner in this }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 ourt.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 In doing so, the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 ourt of Appeal }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 discussed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 
 to its earlier decision in }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 Abhay Kumar Singh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113  v }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 State}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 , }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 riminal Appeal No. AAU0009 of 2004S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 , in the following terms:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 [21]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 \tab }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 In that case, the appellant faced three charges of perverting the c}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 urse of justice.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 The charges we}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 
e filed in the Suva Magistrate\rquote s Court on the 25th of July 2003. The [Amendment Act] came into force on the 13th of October 2003.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 The offences we}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 
e non-electable for the accused.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 However, the Director of Public Prosecutions applied for High }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 ourt trial under sections 220 and 222 of the [CPC].}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 The appellant objected, but the case was nevertheless transferred to the High Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid393681\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3365602\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 [22]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 The appellant appealed against the transfer, firstly to the High }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 ourt, then to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 this court.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 His principal ground of appeal was that the transfer could not have been made without his consent.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 T}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 he law before and after the new procedur
e was canvassed at length both in the High }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 ourt and the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 ourt of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 A}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 ppeal.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3365602\charrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 [23]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 This court held:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 \lquote 
We conclude that [s.15] creates an exception from the application of the remainder of the Amendment Act \'85}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 
We consider that this is an understandable exception in that before the Amendment Act came into effect a person charged with an electable of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636746\charrsid16581113 f}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 ence has a right of election as to the mode of trial and the right to a preliminary hearing if he elected a High Court trial.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 Parliament by this transitional provision has preserved that right.\rquote }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3365602\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [25}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113  of Appeal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 
 then observed that }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 Singh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113  v }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 State
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113  was in point }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113 in relation to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113  the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4462198\charrsid16581113  present}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113  petitioner\rquote s argument:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15169381\charrsid16581113 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 
[The petitioner] was charged with an electable offence (robbery with violence), before the commencement date of the Amendment Act.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 He elected High Court trial.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 
The prosecution made an application for the remaining charges to be similarly tried in the High Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 
This appears to be because the [co-accused] had elected magistrates\rquote  court trial.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 The
 presiding magistrate explained the new transfer proceedings to the applicant and his co-accused.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 They refused to consent.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 A preliminary inquiry date was set.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 On the day of the inquiry the petitioner consented to the transfer.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 In doing so, he waived his right (preserved by virtue of [s.15]) to a preliminary inquiry.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 The fact that he had earlier refused consent suggests that this waiver was informed and unequivocal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 There was no breach of the Act and the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16603914\charrsid16581113 r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 
e is no merit in that ground of appeal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13964028\charrsid16581113 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9131243\charrsid16581113 REASONING}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [26}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9131243\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The critical finding by the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16603914\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9131243\charrsid16581113 ourt of 
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16603914\charrsid16581113 A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9131243\charrsid16581113 ppeal }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13135025\charrsid16581113 in the present case }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9131243\charrsid16581113 was that the petitioner, at the hearing held on the 28 April 2004 in the magistrates\rquote  court, consented to the transfer of the proceedings against him to the High }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16603914\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9131243\charrsid16581113 ourt in the manner contemplated by s.15 of the Amendment Act.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9131243\charrsid16581113 Unless that finding is overturned in this }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13135025\charrsid16581113 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9131243\charrsid16581113 ourt, the factual foundation for the petitioner\rquote s contention that he was improperly denied a preliminary inquiry before his trial }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13135025\charrsid16581113 in the High Court is removed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15208965\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 [2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 
7}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The petitioner submits that the finding of the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 ourt of Appeal should be set aside.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 
He argues that the evidence before the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16603914\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 ourt of Appeal suggests, contrary to that Court\rquote 
s findings, that the petitioner never gave his informed consent to the transfer of the proceedings pursuant to s.15 of the Amendment Act.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [28}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The same evidence that was before the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 ourt of Appeal is before this Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 
The evidence is all in documentary form and its evaluation does not depend on any question of credit, nor on the evaluation}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 of oral evidence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 Accordingly, this }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16603914\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 ourt in as good a position}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 as the Court of Appeal to determine the factual issue, although}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113  appropriate respect should be paid to the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 ourt of Appeal\rquote s finding: }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 
Warren}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113  v Coombes (1979) 142}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13135025\charrsid16581113 CLR }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 521.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [29}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 ]\tab In the absence of transcripts or detailed records of the various proceedings before the magistrates\rquote 
 court, it is necessary to rely on the brief notes prepared or approved by each magistrate.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 Of necessity, given}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 their brevity, the records are equivocal in }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 ertain respects.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 H}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 owever}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 
, it is clear from the record, as the Court of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16603914\charrsid16581113 A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 
ppeal concluded, that on 21 January 2004 the presiding Magistrate explained the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 new Criminal Procedure Code}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113  to the petitioner and his co-accused.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 The appropriate inference to be drawn from the record }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13135025\charrsid16581113 i}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 s that the Magistrate\rquote s explanation}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113  on this occasion}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113  extended to the operation of s.15 of the Amendment Act and its relationship to the new s.226 of the CPC.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 The Magistrate\rquote s notes states specifically that the petitioner requested two weeks to consider whether he should consent under }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 the new \'85 provisions}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 learly}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113  the request related to a proposed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 
 transfer of the proceedings }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 pursuant to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113  s.15 of the Amendment Act}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 , when}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113  read together with s.226 of the CPC.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16074941\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [30}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 ]\tab That the petitioner understood 
the position under the new legislation (as the Court of Appeal inferred) is strongly supported by his refusal on 4 February 2004 to consent to the transfer of the proceedings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 On that date, he elected }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 in favour of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 
 what was described in the record of proceedings}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113  apparently inaccurately, as}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113  a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 Paper Preliminary Inquiry}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [31}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 ]\tab It is true that, as the petitioner submits, the record of the proceedings in the magistrates\rquote  court on 28 April 2004 is both sparse and somewhat ambiguous.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 The prosecutor is recorded as stating that he is ready to transfer the case to the High Court.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 It is not entirely clear why the prosecut}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 or}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113  made su}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113 ch}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 
 a statement, although he may well have intended }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 simply }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 
to request the petitioner and his co-accused to re-consider their earlier refusal to consent to a transfer of the proceedings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 
The petitioner is recorded as having been asked whether he objected to the transfer rather than whether he affirmatively consented, as the legislation }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 appears to }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 contemplate.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 T}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 here is nothing in the record}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971296\charrsid16581113  of that day\rquote s proceedings to}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971296\charrsid16581113 indicate th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971296\charrsid16581113 t the Magistrate}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113  specifically}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5971296\charrsid16581113  explained}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113  that the effect of a transfer of the proceedings would be to require the petitioner to forego his right to a preliminary inquiry.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3754291\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [32}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113 ]\tab I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 n determining the appropriate inferences to draw, it is}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113  necessary to place the record of the proceedings of 28 April 2004 in context.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113 The petitioner received an explanation on 21 January 2004 of the new provisions. It is certainly open to infer (as the Court of Appeal did) that this explanation }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 had not been forgotten by the petitioner at}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113  the hearing on 28 April 2004.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113 
Further, it is difficult to understand why the petitioner would have been asked on that date whether he objected to the transfer of the proceedings to the High }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16603914\charrsid16581113 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113 ourt, unless}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113  the intention was to ensure that he consented and thereby to satisfy the terms of}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113  the exception s.15 of the Amendment Act.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113 
There is no reason to suppose,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113 
from the available material, that the petitioner was misled in any way at the hearing on 28 April 2004, bearing in mind that the operation of the new provisions had pr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12194877 eviously been explained to him.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5330527\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [33}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The petitioner\rquote s challenge to the findings of the Court of Appeal }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9783176\charrsid16581113 is}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113  weakened further by the contents of an affidavit sworn by him in support of his application for leave to appeal to this Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 The affidavit was read on his behalf and formed part of the evidence before the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8607114\charrsid16581113 Court}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113  of Appeal (and this Court).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 
It is significant that the petitioner was legally represented at the time he swore the affidavit.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [34}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The affidavit contains a number of obvious factual errors.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 However, it asserts in bald terms that the petitioner had no idea how the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 criminal }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 proceedings had come to be transferred to the High Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 
That assertion is very difficult to reconcile with the record of the proceedings in the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12809928\charrsid16581113  magistrates\rquote  court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12809928\charrsid16581113 More impo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 rtantly for present pur}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8607114\charrsid16581113 p}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 oses, the petitioner failed to take advantage of the opportunity to explain }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 in his affidavit }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 what had happened at the various hearings in the magistrates\rquote  court, in particular his understanding of what occurred on 28 April 2004.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12809928\charrsid16581113 Although the Court of Appeal did not refer }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 
in its judgment }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12809928\charrsid16581113 to the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 petitioner\rquote s }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12809928\charrsid16581113 affidavit, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 his failure to provide any details that might have rebutted}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12809928\charrsid16581113  inferences available from the record of proceedings supports the findings made by the Court of Appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6694731\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [3}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3225054\charrsid16581113 
5}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12809928\charrsid16581113 ]\tab For th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12809928\charrsid16581113 
se reasons, this Court is unable to accept that the findings made by the Court of Appeal should be disturbed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12809928\charrsid16581113 
It follows that the factual foundation for the petitioner\rquote s submissions is wanting}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12914194\charrsid16581113  and those}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12809928\charrsid16581113 
 submission must be rejected.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12327183\charrsid16581113 [36]\tab In the light of this conclusion}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1264883\charrsid16581113 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12327183\charrsid16581113  it is not necessary to consider whether the failure to hold a preliminary inquiry prior to the petitioner
\rquote s trial in contravention of statutory requirements would justify quashing the petitioner\rquote s convictions.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12327183\charrsid16581113 
It should be said, however, that the petitioner\rquote s argument on this }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1264883\charrsid16581113 question of law}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12327183\charrsid16581113 is not without force.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12327183\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [37}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12327183\charrsid16581113 ]\tab An}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3430601\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12327183\charrsid16581113 
act done in contravention of a statutory prohibition or of statutory requirements is not necessarily invalid or of no effect.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12327183\charrsid16581113 
Whether the act (in this case a trial) is of no effect depends on whether the legislation demonstrates an intention to invalidate an act that does not comply with the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 
statutory conditions: }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 Project Blue Sky Inc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113  v }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 Australian Broadcasting Authority}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113  (1998) 194 CLR 355, at 389-390 [91], [93], per}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113  McHugh, Gummon, Kirby and Hayne JJ}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9783176\charrsid16581113 ;}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9783176\charrsid16581113  R}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113  v Soneji [2006] 1 AC 340.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 
However, the courts tend to take a strict view of statutory requirements that must be satisfied before a person can be put on trial for a serious criminal offence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 As Lord Bingham of Cornwall observed in }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 R}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113  v 
}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 Clarke }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 [2008]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 2 All ER 665, at 677[17]:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 
Technicality is always distasteful when it appears to contradict the merits of a case.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 But the duty of the court is to a
pply the law, which is sometimes technical, and it may be thought that if the State exercises its coercive power to put a citizen on trial for serious crime a certain degree of formality is not out of place.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 See, to the sam}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 e effect }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 R}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113  v }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 Duffield}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 , 1 Octob
er 1992, NSW Court of Criminal Appeal, BC9203066, at 2-3, per Kirby P (with whom Wood and Sharpe JJ agreed).
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 [38]\tab In }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 R}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113  v }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 Clarke}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 
 the House of Lords held that the absence of a signed indictment at the outset of a trial and throughout most of the proceedings had the legal effect of invalidating the trial.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 The convictions}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113  at the trial were set subsequently}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113  set aside notwithstanding that the defendants had not complained of the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113  procedural}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113  defect}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 A similar conclusion was reached by a five member New South Wales court of Criminal Appeal in }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 R v Janceski}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113  (2005) 223 ALR 500.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [39}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The legislation considered in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 R}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113  v}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 Clark}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113  and }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 R}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113  v }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 Janceski }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 was not}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113  in}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113  the same }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 terms }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 as the legislation }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 relating to preliminary inquiries }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 in force in Fiji at the time of the petitioner\rquote s trial}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 Further, the reasons}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113  given by the House of Lords and the Court of Criminal Appeal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 
 emphasised the historical role played by a bill of indictment and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 by }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 the signing of a bill}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113  before the trial.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 Nonetheless, t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 he committal proceeding historically has its own i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7682081\charrsid16581113 mportance in criminal procedure as Dawson J pointed out in}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113  }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 Gr}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 a}{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 ssby}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113  v }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 The Queen}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113  (1989) 168 CLR 1, at 11ff (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7682081\charrsid16581113 per }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 Mason CJ, 
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7682081\charrsid16581113 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 Brennan and Toohey JJ agreeing).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 In addition, the CPC (in its unamended form)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113  when read with the Decree, perhaps lends itsel
f to the construction attributed to it by the petitioner in the present case.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 
However, as we have explained, it is unnecessary to express a conclude}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113 d view on this question.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9505079\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 OTHER ISSUES}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 
40}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The petitioner advanced other arguments in his written submissions, but his counsel did not develop them in oral argument.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 In any event, they are without substance.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 CONCLUSION}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 
\par 
\par [4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16581113  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 The petitioner has not satisfied any of the criteria for the grant of special leave to appeal to this }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3430601\charrsid16581113 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 ourt specified in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9783176\charrsid16581113 s.7 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 2) of the }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319463\charrsid16581113 Supreme Court Act}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9455318\charrsid16581113  1988.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043618\charrsid16581113 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1267527\charrsid16581113 [42}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043618\charrsid16581113 ]\tab The petition must be dismissed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid799605\charrsid16581113 

\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 Hon Justice Kenneth Handley
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 Hon Justice David Ipp
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12194877 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 Hon Justice Ronald Sackville
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9521639\charrsid12194877 S}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid12194877 olicitors:}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid16581113 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6043618\charrsid12194877 A.K. Law, Nausori for the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid12194877 Petitioner 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16581113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10240813\charrsid12194877 Office of the Director of Public Prosecution, Suva for the Respondent}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8202980\charrsid12194877 
\par }}