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{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9766325\charrsid13581774 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9766325\charrsid13581774 C}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9964901\charrsid13581774 RIMINAL APPEAL NO. 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Justice Keith Mason, Judge of the Supreme Court \par The Hon. Justice Kenneth Handley, Judge of the Supreme Court \par The Hon. Justice}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16732504\charrsid13581774 Ronald Sac}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16060520\charrsid13581774 k}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16732504\charrsid13581774 ville}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15957369\charrsid13581774 , Judge of the Supreme Court \par \par Hearing\tab :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16732504\charrsid13581774 \tab T}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid13581774 hursday, 17}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5445576\charrsid13581774 th }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16531166\charrsid13581774 July}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16732504\charrsid13581774 2008, Suva \par \par Counsel\tab :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12322466\charrsid13581774 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15873579\charrsid13581774 Petitioner }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14712138\charrsid13581774 i}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12976535\charrsid13581774 n Person}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12322466\charrsid13581774 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16677992\charrsid13581774 M}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12976535\charrsid13581774 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16677992\charrsid13581774 . }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12976535\charrsid13581774 A. Driu}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16677992\charrsid13581774 for the Respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16732504\charrsid13581774 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2505051\charrsid13581774 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16732504\charrsid13581774 Date of Judgment:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3171125\charrsid13581774 \tab Wednesday}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5445576\charrsid13581774 ,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3171125\charrsid13581774 23}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5445576\charrsid13581774 rd}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3171125\charrsid13581774 July 2008, Suva}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15957369\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9766325\charrsid2520308 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9766325\charrsid2520308 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5445576\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1277454\charrsid2520308 [1]\tab This is an application by a former petitioner under s122(5) of the Constitution for }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7540225\charrsid2520308 the }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1277454\charrsid2520308 review by this Court of its own decision on 21 October 2005 to dismiss his petition for special leave to appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1277454\charrsid2520308 The petitioner had challenged the decision of the President of the Court of Appeal }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 o}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7540225\charrsid2520308 n 19}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1277454\charrsid2520308 December 2004 to dismiss his appeal from the judgment of Shameem J. in the High Court on 15 October 2004.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1277454\charrsid2520308 Shameem J. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12517525\charrsid2520308 had}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1277454\charrsid2520308 dismissed the petitioner\rquote s appeal from sentences imposed by a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 m}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1277454\charrsid2520308 agistrate following his pleas of guilty to charges of armed robbery}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 in}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 company}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1277454\charrsid2520308 and associated offences committed during a home invasion at Lami}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 (the subject offences).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1277454\charrsid2520308 \par \par [2]\tab The President dismissed the applicant\rquote s further appeal to the Court of Appeal as incompetent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 under s22(1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 A}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 )(a) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 of the Court of Appeal Act }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 which relevantly provides:}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1277454\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1457161\charrsid2520308 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 No appeal under subsection (1) lies in respect of a sentence imposed by the High Court in its appellate jurisdiction unless the appeal is on the ground \endash \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13581774 { \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 That the sentence was an unlawful one}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11685093\charrsid2520308 or was passed in consequence of an error of law; or}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11685093\charrsid2520308 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11685093\charrsid2520308 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13581774 { \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11685093\charrsid2520308 \'85\'85\'85}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11685093\charrsid2520308 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11685093\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 [3]\tab The petition for special leave was based on a breach of the parity principle which had arisen as a result of lesser sentence}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 being imposed on a co-offender}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 One Jone Di Atul}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 a}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 ga had been sentenced by }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 a different}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 magistrate}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13118341\charrsid2520308 to 4 years imprisonment for}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 the subject offences consecutive on }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 consecutive }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 sentences of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 5 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 years for unrelated offences}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 , some committed with Eparama Mani, some not,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 so that he was due to serve a total of 14 years}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13118341\charrsid2520308 full time custody.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13118341\charrsid2520308 The magistrate applied the totality principle and reduced the sentences for the subject offences to avoid imposing }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 sentences} {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13118341\charrsid2520308 that would have a crushing effect on a relatively young offender. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 B}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13118341\charrsid2520308 ecause }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15483701\charrsid2520308 that co-offender}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13118341\charrsid2520308 would serve}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1792143\charrsid2520308 for a total of 14 years, 5 years longer than the applicant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15483701\charrsid2520308 , }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12517525\charrsid2520308 the applicant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1792143\charrsid2520308 had no justified}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15483701\charrsid2520308 grievance}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1792143\charrsid2520308 at that stage.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083329\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1792143\charrsid2520308 \par [4]\tab The other co-offender Eparama }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7162469\charrsid2520308 M}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1792143\charrsid2520308 ani}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 was}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1792143\charrsid2520308 sentenced by the same magistrate}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 who sentenced Jone Di }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12517525\charrsid2520308 A}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 tulaga, and at the same time,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1792143\charrsid2520308 to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 a total of }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1792143\charrsid2520308 9 years\rquote imprisonment for}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 the subject}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1792143\charrsid2520308 offences}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 , }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 sam}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 e as those }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 earlier }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 imposed}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 on the applicant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 Eparama }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7162469\charrsid2520308 M}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 ani was also sentenced for unrelated offences committed with Jone Di Atulaga to imprisonment for 5 years}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 making again a total of 14 years.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1792143\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 \par [5]\tab The applicant\rquote s appeal to the High Court was dismissed on 15 October 2004.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 On 22 October}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12517525\charrsid2520308 2004}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 Shameem J. allowed the appeal }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15211822\charrsid2520308 of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 Jone Di Atulaga from the two sentences for 5 years}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 consecutive}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 imposed for unrelated offences}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 some committed with Jone Di Atulaga, and some not,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 and substituted sentences of 2 years}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3096310\charrsid2520308 consecutive.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3096310\charrsid2520308 Thus}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 the total time to be served by that co-offender was reduced to 8 years.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 Shameem J. did not vary the sentences for the subject offences and counsel for the State did not remind her of the 9-year sentences she confirmed or imposed on the present applicant shortly before.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6632231\charrsid2520308 This disparity was the basis for the applicant\rquote s petition for special leave which was dismissed by this Court on 21 October 2005. }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14549704\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6632231\charrsid2520308 \par [6]\tab On 17 January 2006 Winter J. allowed an appeal by the co-offender Eparama }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7162469\charrsid2520308 M}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6632231\charrsid2520308 ani from the sentences imposed on him}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7162469\charrsid2520308 for }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3096310\charrsid2520308 disparate}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7162469\charrsid2520308 offences committed with Jone Di Atulaga and reduced those sentences from 5 years con}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 current}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7162469\charrsid2520308 to 2 years }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 concurrent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7162469\charrsid2520308 in conformity with the sentences earlier imposed by Shameem J. on Jone Di Atulaga}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 for the same offences.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3429587\charrsid2520308 \par \par [7]\tab Winter J. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3096310\charrsid2520308 also }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3429587\charrsid2520308 allowed Eparama Mani}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3096310\charrsid2520308 \rquote s appeal} {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3429587\charrsid2520308 from the sentences total}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12517525\charrsid2520308 l}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3429587\charrsid2520308 ing 9 years}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7162469\charrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3429587\charrsid2520308 imposed for the subject offences because }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 of }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3096310\charrsid2520308 a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3429587\charrsid2520308 breach of the parity principle arising from the sentences }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 for}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3096310\charrsid2520308 4 years imposed on Jone Di Atula}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 g}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3096310\charrsid2520308 a}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 for those offences}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3096310\charrsid2520308 and substituted sentences of 6}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 \'bd }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3096310\charrsid2520308 years. His Lordship did not refer to the sentences total}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12517525\charrsid2520308 l}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3096310\charrsid2520308 ing 9 years for the subject offences confirmed or imposed on the applicant by Shameem J. which }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 were not}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3096310\charrsid2520308 disturbed by the Court of Appeal, and this Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16731226\charrsid2520308 \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6708492\charrsid2520308 [8]\tab The prisoner\rquote s application under s122(5) of the Constitution seeks a re-exercise of this Court\rquote s jurisdiction to grant s pecial leave to appeal from the Court of Appeal in a criminal case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6708492\charrsid2520308 This }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 jurisdiction }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6708492\charrsid2520308 is defined in s.7(2) of the Supreme Court Act as follows:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6708492 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13581774\charrsid2520308 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\sl240\slmult0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14429291 {\b\i\insrsid2520308\charrsid14429291 "}{\b\i\insrsid6708492\charrsid14429291 In relation to a criminal matter, the Supreme Court must not grant special}{\b\i\insrsid13581774\charrsid14429291 }{\b\i\insrsid6708492\charrsid14429291 leave to appeal unless \endash }{\b\i\insrsid2242365\charrsid14429291 }{ \b\i\insrsid6632231\charrsid14429291 \par }{\b\i\insrsid6708492\charrsid14429291 \par }{\b\i\insrsid14429291 (a) }{\b\i\insrsid6708492\charrsid14429291 a question of general legal importance is involved; \par }{\b\i\insrsid15271324\charrsid14429291 \par }{\b\i\insrsid14429291 (b) }{\b\i\insrsid3171125\charrsid14429291 a substantial question of principle affecting the administration of \par criminal justice is involved; or}{\b\i\insrsid15271324\charrsid14429291 \par }{\b\i\insrsid3171125\charrsid14429291 \par }{\b\i\insrsid14429291 (c) }{\b\i\insrsid3171125\charrsid14429291 substantial and grave injustice may otherwise occur}{\b\i\insrsid2520308\charrsid14429291 "}{\b\i\insrsid3171125\charrsid14429291 . \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6122046\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15271324\charrsid2520308 [9]\tab In }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15271324\charrsid2520308 Commonwealth}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6122046\charrsid2520308 of Australia}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 v}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6122046\charrsid2520308 }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6122046\charrsid2520308 Bank of New South Wales}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6122046\charrsid2520308 [1950] AC}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 235, 294}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6122046\charrsid2520308 the Privy Council de}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 scribed}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6122046\charrsid2520308 an appeal as follows: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6122046\charrsid2520308 \'85 the appeal by special leave is what it always has been, an appeal from an order or other judicial act which affects adversely the rights claimed by the appellant party \'85}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6122046\charrsid2520308 an appeal is the formal proceeding by which an unsuccessful party seeks to have the formal order of }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 a}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6122046\charrsid2520308 court set aside or varied in his favour by an appellate court.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6708492\charrsid2520308 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1457161\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid930778\charrsid2520308 [10]\tab Earlier Lord Westbury LC said in }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid930778\charrsid2520308 Attorney General }{ \b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 v}{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid930778\charrsid2520308 Sillem}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid930778\charrsid2520308 }{ \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid930778\charrsid2520308 1864}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 )}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid930778\charrsid2520308 10}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 H}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 LC 704, 724 [11}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 ER 1200,1209]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid930778\charrsid2520308 : \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid930778\charrsid2520308 An appeal is the right of entering a superior Court, and invoking its }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11169709\charrsid2520308 aid and }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid930778\charrsid2520308 interposition}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11169709\charrsid2520308 to redress the error of the Court}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 below}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 "}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 .}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1394914\charrsid2520308 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14712138\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11169709\charrsid2520308 [11]\tab This Court can only allow an appeal from a judgment of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 the}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11169709\charrsid2520308 Court of Appeal where there has been some error which, if corrected, would justify a variation of the order below in favour of the appellant. \par \par [12]\tab The applicant appealed to the High Court from the sentences imposed by the magistrate.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11169709\charrsid2520308 Section 22}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 (1A)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11169709\charrsid2520308 of the Court of Appeal Act, wh ich permits a further appeal to the Court of Appeal from the decision of the High Court in such a case, limits that appeal to questions of law. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15804443\charrsid2520308 [13]\tab The decision of Shameem J. to confirm the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 effective sentence of 9 years imposed on the applicant was not}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 affected }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 by legal error, in particular}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 any}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 legal error in the expression or application of the parity principle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 The current disparity between the effective sentence of 9 years imposed on the applicant for the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 subject}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 offences}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3171125\charrsid2520308 and the sentences imposed on his co-offenders}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 did not exist at that time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15804443\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 \par [14]\tab The applicant\rquote s appeal to the Court of Appeal did not, and could not identify legal error in the sentences confirmed or imposed by Shameem J. and it was obviously incompetent.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 The decision of Ward P. to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 dismiss the appeal as incompetent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 was unarguably correct when it was given, and in this respect nothing has changed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 The disparity between the sentence}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 imposed on the applicant and those imposed on his co-offenders which now exist}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 does not establish legal error on the part of Shameem J. in her decision}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 of 15 October 2004.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 \par \par [15]\tab Even if a renewed appeal to the Court of the Appeal from the d}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3043509\charrsid2520308 ecision of Shameem J. could now be }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4004149\charrsid2520308 brought, by leave, out of time, the result would still be the same.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4004149\charrsid2520308 The disparity i n the sentences of the co-offenders which has arisen since her judgment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4004149\charrsid2520308 in September 2004 cannot establish legal error within the meaning of s22(}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3171125\charrsid2520308 1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4004149\charrsid2520308 A) of the Court of Appeal Act.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4004149\charrsid2520308 The renewed appeal to the Court of Appeal would still have to be dismissed as incompetent and this Court would still}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6179360\charrsid2520308 have}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4004149\charrsid2520308 to dismiss any petition for special leave.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6388420\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1848963\charrsid2520308 \par [16]\tab The disconnected and disordered appeals by the three co-offenders to the High Court, that of Eparama Mani, pursuant to an extension of time, has produce}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3171125\charrsid2520308 d}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1848963\charrsid2520308 a gross disparity between their sentences.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1848963\charrsid2520308 Shameem J. who heard the first }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 two}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1848963\charrsid2520308 appeals at different times }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid801871\charrsid2520308 was}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1848963\charrsid2520308 not reminded of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458107\charrsid2520308 her}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1848963\charrsid2520308 decision in the first,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid801871\charrsid2520308 Winter J. who heard the third was not informed of the first decision, or that Shameem J. had not been reminded of it before the second decision.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15483701\charrsid2520308 If the three appeals had been heard together, or each judge had been properly informed of the earlier decisions, the sentences imposed on the co-offenders in the High Court may have been very different.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15483701\charrsid2520308 The public could }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 have a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 justified s}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 ense of grievance about the light sentences }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 ultimately }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 imposed on the co-offenders for the subject offences committed during this home invasion}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1848963\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15483701\charrsid2520308 \par [17]\tab The petitioner\rquote s appeal to the High Court was heard first, and dismissed before there was any disparity.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15483701\charrsid2520308 His further appeal to the Court of Appeal had to fail, as it did, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7616463\charrsid2520308 because the decision of the High Court was not affected by legal error.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7616463\charrsid2520308 The legal system in Fiji denies this petitioner any judicial remedy}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10705394\charrsid2520308 for the dispari ties created by the re-sentencing of his co-offenders in the High Court on 22 October 2004 and 17 January 2006 after his appeal was dismissed on 15 October 2004. \par \par [18]\tab The petitioner may well be able to obtain relief from the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983428\charrsid2520308 President,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10705394\charrsid2520308 acting on the advi ce of the Commission on the Prerogative of Mercy established by s115 of the Constitution.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10705394\charrsid2520308 Section 115(1)(c) allows the President to substitute a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983428\charrsid2520308 less severe form of punishment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15483701\charrsid2520308 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10705394\charrsid2520308 for that imposed by the Courts, and para (d)(i) enables }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983428\charrsid2520308 the President}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10705394\charrsid2520308 to remit the whole o}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983428\charrsid2520308 r}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10705394\charrsid2520308 a part of the punishment imposed.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15483701\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10705394\charrsid2520308 \par [19]\tab Section 115(2) establishes the Commission and subs(3) provides that the President }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10705394\charrsid2520308 acts on the advice of the Commission}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13577194\charrsid2520308 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13577194\charrsid2520308 The Constitution therefore provides a possible remedy for the injustice suffered by the petitioner and his co-offender Eparama Mani}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6429043\charrsid2520308 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6429043\charrsid2520308 On the other hand it cannot provide any remedy for what may be the justifi}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3488358\charrsid2520308 ed}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6429043\charrsid2520308 sense of grievance of the public that the administration of the court system}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4874938\charrsid2520308 , and the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions could produce such a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12517525\charrsid2520308 regrettable }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4874938\charrsid2520308 shambles.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4874938\charrsid2520308 We wish to make it quite clear that we do not intend or imply any criticism of the High Court judges involved, or of any individual in the Director\rquote s office.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4874938\charrsid2520308 The failure in each case lies in the systems which allow this state of affairs to occur.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10705394\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4874938\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 [20]\tab In cases where all co-offenders are sentenced in the Magistrate\rquote s Court the problems which have occurred in this case might be avoided or mitigated if a prisoner\rquote s notice of appeal to the High Court ha}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458107\charrsid2520308 d}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 to identify any co-acc}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983428\charrsid2520308 u}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 sed }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983428\charrsid2520308 who had }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 bee}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983428\charrsid2520308 n}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 se}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983428\charrsid2520308 n}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 te}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983428\charrsid2520308 n}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 ced }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8983428\charrsid2520308 or were awaiting sentence in the Magistrate\rquote s Court, or were awaiting}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 trial in the High Court. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3887085\charrsid2520308 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4874938\charrsid2520308 [2}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697841\charrsid2520308 1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4874938\charrsid2520308 ]\tab In the result the Court has no option but to dismiss the petition. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15804443\charrsid2520308 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13387663\charrsid2520308 Hon. Justice Keith Mason \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13387663\charrsid13581774 Judge of the Supreme Court \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13387663\charrsid13581774 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16060520\charrsid13581774 Hon. }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13387663\charrsid13581774 Justice Kenneth Handley \par Judge of the Supreme Court \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13387663\charrsid13581774 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16060520\charrsid13581774 Hon. }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13387663\charrsid13581774 Justice Ronald Sac}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16060520\charrsid13581774 k}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13387663\charrsid13581774 ville \par Judge of the Supreme}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2520308\charrsid13581774 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13387663\charrsid13581774 Court}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12195499\charrsid13581774 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13581774 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12322466\charrsid2520308 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13387663\charrsid90923 Solicitors: \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458107\charrsid13581774 Petitioner in}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12976535\charrsid13581774 Person}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12930619\charrsid13581774 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16716348\charrsid13581774 Office of the Director of Pub}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458107\charrsid13581774 lic Prosecutions Suva,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12976535\charrsid13581774 for the Respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13259097\charrsid13581774 \par }}