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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE FIJI ISLANDS
\par AT SUVA
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. CAV0013 OF 2007S
\par (Fiji Court of Appeal No.AAU00 16 of 2005S)
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 BETWEEN:}{\insrsid6962274 
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\par }{\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 Petitioner
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\par Coram:\tab The Hon Justice Keith Mason, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par The Hon Justice Robert French, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par The Hon Justice Mark Weinberg, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par 
\par Hearing:}{\insrsid15040356\charrsid15040356  }{\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 Tuesday, 26th}{\insrsid15040356\charrsid15040356  }{\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 February 2008, Suva
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\par Counsel:}{\insrsid15040356\charrsid15040356  }{\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 Petitioner in Person
\par A Driu for the Respondent
\par 
\par Date of}{\insrsid15040356\charrsid15040356  }{\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 Judgment:}{\insrsid15040356\charrsid15040356  }{\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 Tuesday, 26th February 2008, Suva
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 Introduction
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 
\par [1]\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4268675\charrsid15040356 The Court dismissed this petition for special leave to appeal after the hearing on 26 February 2008.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4268675\charrsid15040356 We now publish our reasons.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5254887\charrsid15040356 
\par 
\par \{2\}\tab On 29 December 2003 Eliki Mototabua was found guilty of being in possession of a dangerous drug, namely Ind}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11752063\charrsid15040356 ian hemp.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11752063\charrsid15040356 He was fined $100.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11752063\charrsid15040356 H}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5254887\charrsid15040356 e appealed against his conviction to the High Court which, on 17 January 2006, dismissed the appeal and increased the sentence to 18 months imprisonment backdated to 29 December 2003.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5254887\charrsid15040356 A subsequent appeal }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11752063\charrsid15040356 t}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5254887\charrsid15040356 o the Fiji Court of Appeal was dismissed, albeit that the Court found that his arrest by an off duty special constable, had been unlawful.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5254887\charrsid15040356 The Court of Appeal found that he had been convicted on evidence which was not obtained unlawfully.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5254887\charrsid15040356 The Court of Appeal dismissed his appeal on 23 March 2007.
\par 
\par [3]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 \tab Mr Mototabua then lodged a petition for special leave to appeal to this Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 For the reasons that follow, no basis for the grant of special leave was made out.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 We have, however, expressed our concern about the unacceptable delay in this and a number of other cases in the progress of matters to trial and appellate courts in Fiji.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 We also note our concern about the approach taken by the magistrate in receiving some inadmissible evidence.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 However, for the reasons which follow, we did not consider that any basis for the grant of special leave was made out.
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid6177330 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid6177330 Factual and procedural background
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5254887\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 [4]\tab Eliki Mototabua was charged, on 7 February 2003, with the offence of being found in possession of a dangerous drug, contrary to ss 8(b) and 41(2) of the }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 Dangerous Drug Decree No 1 of 1990}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5254887\charrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 
as amended by the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 Dangerous Drug Decree of 1991, Act}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356  114.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 The particulars of the offence were as follows:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6962274\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 
ELIKI MOTOTABUA on the 5th day of February, 2003 at Korovou, Tailevu in the Central Division was found impossession [}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 sic}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 ] of 11.5 grams of Dangerous Drugs namely Indian Hemp.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 [5]\tab Mr Mototabua pleaded not guilty in the Magistrates Court at Tailevu on 7 February 2003.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 After a number of remands his case proceeded to trial on 24 October 2003.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 Mr Mototabua represented himself.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 
The hearing was adjourned at 12.25pm on the first day for reasons which are not apparent from the record except the magistrate\rquote s note:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 
It is now 12.25pm on this Thursday afternoon. Good time for adjournment.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 The hearing resumed a month }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11752063\charrsid15040356 l}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 ater on 25 November 2003.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 At the close of the prosecution case, Mr Mototabua indicated he wanted to file a submission of no case to answer.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 He was}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 
given seven days to do that and the case was adjourned to 10 December 2003.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 However, when 
the case resumed on 10 December 2003 he opted to give sworn evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 The case was adjourned for judgment to be given on 23 December 2003.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 On that day it was further adjourned for judgment to be given on 29 December 2003.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 The magistrate\rquote s record on that day included a written judgment and a finding of guilty.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12256557\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 
\par [6]\tab The magistrate fined Mr Mototabua $100 to be paid within 28 days and an order that in default he was to serve three months imprisonment.
\par 
\par [7]\tab Eight months later, on 31 August 2004, Mr Mototabua sent a letter to the Senior Court Registrar at the Valelevu Courthouse, Valelevu in Nasinu.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 The letter was described in its head as a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 Skeleton Application}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356  for an appeal against the conviction and sentence in the Magistrates Court on 29 December 2003.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 The proposed appeal was, of course, well out of time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 It appears, however, that Mr Mototabua was given leave to appeal out of time by Gates J on 31 August 2004.
\par 
\par [8]\tab The appeal came on for hearing in the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11752063\charrsid15040356 H}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 igh Court before Winter J.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 
 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 The record of appearances on 
the appeal in the High Court is chronologically somewhat confused. However, it seems that Mr Mototabua first appeared in the High Court on the substantive appeal on 9 June 2005.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 The matter was listed for hearing on 19 July 2005.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 
The record was found to be deficient.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 The matter went on before the High Court again on 29 August 2005.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 There was then argument about the conviction.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 The State raised the contention, pursuant to s.319 of the Criminal Procedure Code, that the penalty imposed by the Magistrates Court, namely the fine of $100, had been too lenient.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 The appeal was then adjourned part heard to 23 September 2005.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 It proceeded again on 21 October 2005 and on 30 November 2005.
\par 
\par [9]\tab On 17 January 2006 Winter J gave judgment in which he dismissed the appeal against conviction and increased}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356 
 the penalty imposed on Mr Mototabua from a fine of $100 to a sentence of 18 months imprisonment, backdated with effect from 29 December 2003.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356 At the time the appeal was heard he was said by Winter J to be serving }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356 
\'85 6-year term for wrongful confinement and rape}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356  and was due to be released in 2010.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356 It does not appear that Mr Mototabua was serving any term of imprisonment at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11752063\charrsid15040356 t}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356 he time that the magistrate imposed the fine on 29 December 2003.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356 
The effect of a sentence of 18 months imprisonment on 17 January 2006, backdated to that date is not at all clear.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356 
Subsequently the Court of Appeal appears to have regarded the sentence as having been imposed concurrently with a term of imprisonment Mr Mototabua was serving for rape.
\par 
\par [10]\tab Mr Mototabua\rquote s appeal to the Fiji Court of Appeal was lodged on the same day that Winter J delivered his judgment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356 
It raised a number of grounds but in the Court of Appeal he was granted leave to appeal on one ground only.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356 
That ground went to the lawfulness of his original arrest in relation to the offence with which he was charged and of which he was convicted.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356 The arrest had been effected by an off duty special constable.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356 Mr Mototabua
\rquote s contention was the constable had no power to arrest him.
\par 
\par [11]\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 The Court of Appeal found that Mr Motoabua\rquote s arrest had been unlawful.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 It then went on to consider whether the evidence relied upon to convict Mr Mototabua had, by reason of the unlawful arrest, been obtained unlawfully.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 It referred to authority that evidence may be admissible in the discretion of the court even though it may have bee
n obtained improperly or unlawfully.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 
That consideration was academic because the Court held that even though the arrest may have been unlawful, the evidence was not obtained unlawfully.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 Drugs were not seized from Mr Mototabua following any unlawful search.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 
They were found discarded in plastic bags on the ground where he had been seen to throw them; Attempts by Mr Mototabua in the Court of Appeal to argue that police had fabricated the evidence were rejected on the basis that they raised questions of fact an
d he had been granted leave to appeal only on the question of the lawfulness of his arrest.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 
In any event, a lay witness who knew the accused gave what the Court of Appeal regarded as }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 quite unequivocal evidence.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356  That she had seen the accused throw plastic bags to the ground as he was being chased by the off duty special constable.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 That evidence was accepted by the magistrate.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5006048\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 
\par [12]\tab The Court of Appeal dismissed the appeal on 23 March 2007.
\par 
\par [13]\tab On the day that the appeal was dismissed Mr Mototabua lodged a petition for special leave to appeal against the judgment of the Court of Appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 In summary his grounds for seeking special leave, to the extent that they were intelligible, were as follows:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 1.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 T}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 he Court of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 Appeal erred}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 in}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8927158\charrsid15040356 l}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 aw in accepting fabricated evidence, this being a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 reference to plastic bags containing}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 Indian}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 hemp}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 said}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 to}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 have}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 been thrown to}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 the ground by Mr Mototabua at the time of his arrest.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 2.\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 
The Court of Appeal erred in finding that the magistrate correctly accepted the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356  allegedly fabricated evidence when it was his duty to stop the case on Mr Mototabua\rquote 
s submission of no case to answer.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5572623\charrsid15040356 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 The magistrate erred in law in not explaining the substance of the charge to the accused when he put him to his defence, contrary to s. 211 of the Criminal Procedure Code, Cap 21.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 The Court of Appeal erred in law in stating that the second prosecution witness, Vasenai Mataitoga, gave unequivocal evidence about his disposal of the drugs.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 According to Mr Mototabua, she gave conflicti
ng evidence in court about the date she gave her statement to the police and how he had thrown the plastic bags said to have contained Indian hemp to the ground.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 The Court of Appeal erred in dismissing the appeal when nothing was said about the requirement to establish Mr Mototabua\rquote s guilt beyond reasonable doubt.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271179\charrsid15040356 The President of the Court was one of the judges who signed the judgment when he was not one of the three judges who heard the appeal.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid6177330 The facts of the case
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 [14]\tab Winter J in the High Court set}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8927158\charrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
out the factual background in}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 passage which was reproduced in the judgment of the Court of Appeal.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 It is convenient, for completeness, to reproduce that passage here:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
The brief particulars of the offence are that on the 5th of February 2003 at Kor
ovou an off duty police constable saw the appellant inside a carrier van and became suspicious as he saw the person the appellant was talking to holding a two dollar note as though he was trying to buy something from the appellant.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
This witness knew the appellant by reputation as a well-known marijuana dealer in Korovou.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
Based on this information he formed a reasonable suspicion that the offence of drug dealing was being committed and he walked straight up to the van.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 He saw the appellant put something into his trousers pocket. He asked the appellant to accompany him to the police station.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 In the middle of that request the appellant quickly jumped out of the van and ran off.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 The off duty police constable gave chase.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 During that chase
 an independent civilian witness saw the appellant throw something to the ground and this witness pointed the packets out to the off duty police constable.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 He picked them up and found two plastic bags containing 12 rolls of Indian hemp and four sachets wrapped in foil.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
All this happened very quickly as the constable was keen to continue his pursuit of }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8927158\charrsid15040356 t}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 he fast escaping appellant.

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 Assisted by the van driver the appellant was eventually arrested.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 He was abusive and struggled as he did not want to be arrested.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 However, with the assistance of another policeman the appellant was taken by the van to the police station and handed over to the desk office.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 That officer also received the drug exhibits.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 Su}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 bsequent interv}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 iews w}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 e}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 re largely exculpatory.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 The appellant refused to sign }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 c}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
harge sheets. He was charged and processed.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3564800 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 
The plastic packets he threw away during the course of his pursuit were examined by the Government Analyst. He confirmed that there were 12 rolls and four sachets contained inside the plastic weighing 11.5 g.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 The material was positively identified as Indian hemp.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5969297\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid6177330 Whether special leave should be granted
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid153074\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 [15]\tab As Mr Mototabua recognized in his submission, special leave to appeal in a crim
inal matter will not be granted unless a question of general legal importance is involved or there is a substantial question of principle affecting the administration of criminal justice or substantial and grave injustice could otherwise occur:}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 Supreme Court Act s 7(2).
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 [16]\tab 
We have a number of concerns about the inefficiencies of the judicial process disclosed in the proceedings before the Magistrates Court and the rather painfully protracted processes in the High Court before the matter came on for hearing and judgment.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 Trials in the Magistrates Court should, generally speaking, be continuous unless an adjournment is mandated by the interests of justice.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 There seems to have been no justification for the first adjournment of the hearing in the Magistrates Court half way through the first day.}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 Certainly none was stated beyond the proposition that it was a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 good time for an adjournment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 
The result was a delay of a month before the hearing could resume}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8927158\charrsid15040356 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 
There are far too many examples, in the judicial process in Fiji of unacceptable delays in the progress of matters through trial and appe}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1772680\charrsid15040356 l}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 la}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1772680\charrsid15040356 te}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 
 courts, even allowing for the substantial disruptions to civil society which have been caused by the even}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1772680\charrsid15040356 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 
s of 2000 and 2006.
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1772680\charrsid15040356 
\par [17]\tab The correctness of the Court of Appeal\rquote s decision that Mr Mototabua\rquote s arrest was unlawful was not challenged in this Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1772680\charrsid15040356 There was no error disclosed in the Court of Appeal\rquote s finding that the admissibility of the physical evidence seized at the time of Mr Mototabua\rquote 
s arrest was not affected by the lack of authority in the off duty special constable to effect the arrest.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1772680\charrsid15040356 
The evidence was that he was seen by an independent witness throwing the bags on to the ground.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1772680\charrsid15040356 The bags were recovered by the off duty 
special constable.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1772680\charrsid15040356 They}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356  were not seized from Mr Mototabua.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 The evidence which was critical to the charge was not therefore dependent in any way upon his arrest.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 Challenges to the reliability of the independent witness and unsupported assertions that the relevant evidence was}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 fabricated, do not support the grant of special leave.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1772680\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 
\par [18]\tab We would add one further comment about the magistrate\rquote s reasons for decision.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 
In his judgment the magistrate appears to have found as a fact that:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 
The accused is a well known marijuana dealer in Korovou.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 This was a reference to the evidence of the special constable that:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 
Eliki is a well known dealer in my district.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7875809\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 This explains why the special constable suspected that Mr Mototabua was in the process of sellin}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 g drugs when he saw him at
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356  Korovou on 5 February 2003.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 
However, it is not evidence which ought to have been given.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 It was irrelevant to th}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 e guilt or innocence of Mr Moto}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 tabua.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356  was found as a fact by the magistrate.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 It was a fact which he did not have to find in determining guilt or innocence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 It was purely prejudicial.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 However, given }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 he clear evidence of the independent civilian witness and }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 he physical evidence recovered fr}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 o}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 m }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 he scene of the offence, it cannot be said th}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 t th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 e}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 re was any}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 subs}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 antial miscarriage of justice flowing from it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 Nevertheless, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 
he reception of this evidence and the magistrate\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356  finding based}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 on it, does throw up }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 t}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 he need for ongoing judicial }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 raining in }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 he areas of criminal }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8927158\charrsid15040356 l}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3626982\charrsid15040356 aw and evidence.
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 
\par [19]\tab For the preceding reasons, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8927158\charrsid15040356 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 he petition was dismissed.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 Hon Justice Keith Mason
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 Hon Justice Robert French
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 Hon Justice Mark Weinberg
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15040356 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 Solicitors:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 Petitioner in Person
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7353013 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11164000\charrsid15040356 Office of the Director of Public Prosecution, Suva for the Respondent}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15040356\charrsid15040356 
\par }}