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)}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 IN THE SUPREME COURT}{\b\insrsid2112663\charrsid10561090 ,}{\b\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 FIJI ISLANDS \par AT SUVA \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 C}{\insrsid6495437\charrsid10561090 RIMINAL}{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 APPEAL NO. C}{ \insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 A}{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 V00}{\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 05}{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 of 200}{\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 6}{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 S \par (Fiji Court of Appeal No.A}{\insrsid6495437\charrsid10561090 A}{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 U00}{\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 73}{\insrsid6495437\charrsid10561090 }{\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 o}{\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 f 2005}{ \insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 S) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 BETWEEN: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\insrsid10561090 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\b\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 SENIJIELI BOILA \par }{\insrsid6495437\charrsid10561090 P}{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 etitioner \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 AND:}{\insrsid4154089 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\insrsid10561090\charrsid10561090 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\b\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 THE STATE}{\b\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 \par }{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 Respondent \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 \par Coram:\tab The Hon Justice }{\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 Keith Mason}{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 ,}{\insrsid1842096\charrsid10561090 }{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 Judge}{\insrsid1842096\charrsid10561090 of the }{ \insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 Supreme Court \par The Hon Justice }{\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 Robert French}{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 , Judge}{\insrsid1842096\charrsid10561090 }{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 of }{\insrsid14695137\charrsid10561090 the }{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 Supreme Court \par The Hon Justice Mark Weinberg, Judge of }{\insrsid14695137\charrsid10561090 the }{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 Supreme Court \par \par }{\insrsid10561090\charrsid10561090 Hearing}{\insrsid10561090 : }{\insrsid10561090\charrsid10561090 Monday}{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 , }{\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 18}{\insrsid2112663\charrsid10561090 th}{\insrsid10561090\charrsid10561090 } {\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 February 2008}{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 , Suva \par \par Counsel:}{\insrsid10561090\charrsid10561090 }{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 Petitioner}{\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 in Person}{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 \par }{\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 A Prasad }{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 for the Respondent \par \par Date of}{\insrsid10561090\charrsid10561090 }{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 Judgment}{\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 :}{\insrsid10561090\charrsid10561090 }{\insrsid13240563\charrsid10561090 Mon}{\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 day, 2}{ \insrsid13240563\charrsid10561090 5}{\insrsid2112663\charrsid10561090 th}{\insrsid10561090\charrsid10561090 }{\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 February 2008,}{\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 Suva \par }{\b\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\b\insrsid15213004\charrsid10561090 REASONS FOR }{\b\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT}{\b\insrsid4154089 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\b\insrsid10561090\charrsid10561090 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154089\charrsid10561090 [1]\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 At the conclusion of the hearing the Court announced that this petition was dismissed because it did not meet the criteria for special leave in a criminal matter (see }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 Supreme Court Act 1998}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10683248\charrsid10561090 , }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090\charrsid10561090 s.7 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10683248\charrsid10561090 2)).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10683248\charrsid10561090 These are our}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 reasons for refusing special leave.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 \par [2]\tab The petitioner was charged with armed robbery and unlawful use of a motor vehicle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 He pleaded not guilty.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 Following a trial in the High Court before a Judge and assessors he was convicted on b}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14484905\charrsid10561090 oth counts and sentenced to 7\'bd }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 years on the first count and to a concurrent term}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10760014\charrsid10561090 of 6 months imprisonment on the second count. \par \par [3]\tab The Court of Appeal granted leave to appeal against the conviction, but restricted to the issue whether the assessors had been properly directed on the use of circumstantial evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10760014\charrsid10561090 The Court also heard and rejected an appeal against sentence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15669929\charrsid10561090 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 \par [4]\tab The facts disclosed by the evidence and the directions referable to circumstantial evidence are set out in the Judgment of the Court of Appeal (see }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 Senijieli Boila and Anor v The State}{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 Criminal Appeal No. AAU0073 of 2005S). \par \par [5]\tab The Court of Appeal observed that no special directions are required of a trial judge in directi}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10683248\charrsid10561090 ng on}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 the use of circumstantial evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 What is required is a clear direction that the tribunal of fact must be satisfied of the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt (}{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 McGreevy v Director of Public Prosecutions}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 [1973] 1 WLR 276, applied }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 Kalisoqo v}{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{ \b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 R}{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 Criminal Appeal No.52 of 1984).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 See also }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 R v Hart}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10683248\charrsid10561090 [1986] 2 NZLR 408}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 The adequacy of a particular direction will necessarily depend on the circumstance}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10683248\charrsid10561090 s}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8941765\charrsid10561090 of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 the case. \par \par [6]\tab The peti}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8941765\charrsid10561090 ti}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 oner did not suggest error in these principles as applied by the Court of Appeal. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8941765\charrsid10561090 [7]\tab The Court of Appeal considered carefully the way in which the assessors were directed on the use of circumstantial evidence and the content of that evidence.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8941765\charrsid10561090 It concluded that there was no error of law, and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8941765\charrsid10561090 (having addressed additional matters relied upon, despite them being outside the leave granted)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10683248\charrsid10561090 it was satisfied that there was no}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8941765\charrsid10561090 risk of a miscarriage of justice having resulted.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4156005\charrsid10561090 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7757411\charrsid10561090 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11800496\charrsid10561090 [8]\tab We agree with these conclusions}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10683248\charrsid10561090 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11800496\charrsid10561090 which are sufficient to show that no basis for special leave exists. \par \par [9]\tab The petitioner has been self-represented at all stages.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11800496\charrsid10561090 He relied upon the grounds formulated in letters addressed to the Chief Registrar of this Court dated 7 August 2006 and 20 November 2007.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11800496\charrsid10561090 He sought a retrial. \par \par [10]\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3170797\charrsid10561090 None of the matters raised demonstrated a case attracting special leave.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3170797\charrsid10561090 Several of them (including the claims of unbalanced directions by the Judge, bias on the part of the assessors and want of a fair trial under the }{ \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3170797\charrsid10561090 Constitution}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10683248\charrsid10561090 ) never arose above ba}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3170797\charrsid10561090 ld }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3170797\charrsid10561090 ssertions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11800496\charrsid10561090 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 \par [11]\tab Several of the matters raised by the petitioner were not addressed by the Court of Appeal, some of them not even having been ventilated in that Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 In so observing, we are not suggesting that this Court would lack jurisdiction to consider such matters }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10683248\charrsid10561090 i}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 f the criteria for a grant of special leave were otherwise established. \par \par [12]\tab Contrary to the written grounds, the trial Judge did not ignore the petitioner\rquote s request for a lawyer or legal aid.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 Ther e were several adjournments to enable the petitioner to obtain a lawyer, if}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 he chose. \par \par [13]\tab The petitioner was allowed to call the previously notified alibi witness (his wife).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 He did not seek to call any other evidence in his defence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10561090 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 He chose not to give evidence himself. \par \par [14]\tab The reasoning of the trial Judge and the Court of Appeal on the matter of sentence reveals no matter that might attract a grant of special leave. \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 Hon Justice Keith Mason \par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 Judge of the Supreme Court \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 Hon Justice Robert French \par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 Judge of the Supreme Court \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 Hon Justice Mark Weinberg \par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 Judge of the Supreme Court \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10561090 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 Solicitors:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9783380\charrsid10561090 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12583187\charrsid10561090 Petitioner in Person \par Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions, Suva for the Respondent \par }}