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\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF the FIJI ISLANDS
\par AT SUVA
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 
\par MISC.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 APPEAL}{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 NO.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 
0013/2006S
\par (Fiji}{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 Court}{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 of}{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 
Appeal No. AAU0094/06S)
\par 
\par BETWEEN:
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487 
\par }{\b\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 FORAETE EPINISI JIONE
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 Petitioner
\par 
\par AND:
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487 
\par }{\b\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 THE STATE
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 Respondent
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 
\par Coram:}{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 The Hon Justice Robert French, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par The Hon Justice Kenneth Handley, Judge of the Supreme Court
\par The Hon Justice David Andrew I}{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 pp}{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 , Judge of the Supreme Court
\par 
\par Hearing:}{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 Tuesday, 10th}{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 October 2006, Suva
\par 
\par Counsel:}{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 Petitioner in Person
\par R Gibson for the Respondent
\par }{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 Date of}{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 Judgment}{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487 : }{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 Tuesday, 10th October 2006, Suva
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6505487\charrsid6505487 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\b\fs24\insrsid10434525\charrsid6505487 REASONS FOR }{\b\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 JUDGMENT}{\b\fs24\insrsid10434525\charrsid6505487 
 OF THE COURT}{\b\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 
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\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 [1]\tab }{\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 This application, designated as a petition of appeal,}{
\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487  seeks the reversal of the concurrent and unanimou}{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 s decisions of Ward P, and the F}{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487 ull Court of the Court of Appeal }{
\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 refusing}{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487  the petitioner\rquote s application }{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 for}{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487 
 bail pending the hearing of his appeal to that Court from his}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487 conviction and sentence by the High Court.}{\fs24\insrsid6979172\charrsid6505487 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\fs24\insrsid6505487 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\fs24\insrsid10765304\charrsid6505487 [2]\tab An appellate c}{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487 
ourt grants bail to a convicted prisoner only in exceptional circumstances}{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487  and an}{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487  application for bail pending the hearing of an appeal invokes a judicial discretion.}{
\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487 An appellate Court}{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 ,}{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487 
 asked to review a decision made in the exercise of a judicial discretion, does not automatically re}{\fs24\insrsid6505487 -}{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487 exercise the discretion, but only intervenes if the exercise of the discretion by the pri
mary Judge miscarried.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487 The principles which guide an appell}{\fs24\insrsid10765304\charrsid6505487 ate}{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487  court in reviewing a discretionary decision a}{
\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 re}{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487  well established, being set out by the High Court of Australia in }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487 House v.}{\fs24\ul\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487  }{
\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487 The King}{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487  (1936) 55 CLR 499, 504}{\fs24\insrsid6505487 -}{\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487 5.
\par 
\par [3]\tab The petitioner has not established that the President made any error of law, principle, or fact, in his exercise of the discretion, or that the}{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 F}{
\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 ull }{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 C}{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 ourt erred in their review of the President\rquote s decision.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 
The petition must therefore fail.
\par 
\par [4]\tab A petitioner seeking s}{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 pecial leave to appeal to this C}{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 ourt in a criminal case normally has to establish more than just}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{
\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 error on the part of the Court of Appeal. Section 7(2) of the Supreme Court Act provides:
\par 
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In relation to a criminal matter, the Supreme Court must not grant special leave to appeal unless \endash 
\par 
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\b\i\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 a}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487  question of general legal importance }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 is }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 involved;
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\b\i\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 a substantial question of principle affecting the administration of criminal justices}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487  is}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487  involved; or}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 
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\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li2880\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid6505487 {
\b\i\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 substantial }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 and }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 grave injustice may otherwise occur.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid6505487 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid8456759\charrsid6505487 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 [5]\tab }{\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 If the present }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid6505487 "}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 petition}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid6505487 "}{\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487  had been intended as a special leave petition,}{\b\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 n}{
\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 one of these }{\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 conditions}{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 could }{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 
have been satisfied in this case. However on 25 September the Director of Public Prosecutions for the first time took an objection to the}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 competency}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{
\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 of}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 the}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 petition}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 based}{
\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 on}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 the}{\fs24\insrsid5185329\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 Constitution.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{
\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 Section }{\fs24\insrsid11162205\charrsid6505487 1}{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 22}{\fs24\insrsid11162205\charrsid6505487 (1) of the Constitution provides that this }{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487 C}{
\fs24\insrsid11162205\charrsid6505487 ourt has jurisdiction }{\fs24\insrsid6505487 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid11162205\charrsid6505487 to hear and determine appeals from all final judgments of the Court of Appeal.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid6505487 "}{
\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid11162205\charrsid6505487 A decision refusing bail pending the hearing of an appeal is not a final judgment because it does not finally determine whether the appellant is entitled to be liberty.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }
{\fs24\insrsid11162205\charrsid6505487 It is an interlocutory judgment.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid10434525\charrsid6505487 [6]\tab }{\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 In this case, the petitioner relies upon}{\b\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid11162205\charrsid6505487 section 30 (5) of the Bail Act 2002 }{
\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 which }{\fs24\insrsid11162205\charrsid6505487 provides:}{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid11162205\charrsid6505487 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid6505487 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid11162205\charrsid6505487 The Supreme Court may review any deci
sion of a Magistrate, the High Court or the Court of Appeal, in relation to bail.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid6505487 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid11162205\charrsid6505487  
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-11\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3805650 {\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 There is a question about the scope of the word }{\fs24\insrsid6505487 "}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 review}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid6505487 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 .}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 In our opinion it does not, in this context, extend to review on }{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid6505487 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 the merits}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid6505487 "}{\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487  of bail decisions of lower c}{\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 ourts.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{
\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487 Error in the exercise of the discretion to grant or refuse bail must be shown.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487 
A less constrained approach would be inconsistent with the otherwise confined jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in the exercise of its appellate functions and its role as the final appeal court.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{
\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\fs24\insrsid89374\charrsid6505487 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid3805650 [}{\fs24\insrsid10434525\charrsid6505487 7}{\fs24\insrsid3805650 ]}{\fs24\insrsid11162205\charrsid6505487 \tab The Constitution does not confer any jurisdiction on the Supreme Court to entertain an appeal from the decision of a }{
\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487 Magistrate or of the High Court, and only permits an appeal }{\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487 by special leave}{\b\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487 from }{
\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 a}{\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487  final decision of the Court of Appeal. This may be one of the situations contemplated by s}{\fs24\insrsid10434525\charrsid6505487 ection }{\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487 
30(6) of the Bail Act which provides:}{\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid6505487 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487 A }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 c}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487 ourt may not review }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 a}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487  decision under this Part if the }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 c}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487 ourt is prohibited from making a decision in relation to the gr}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 ant}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487  of bail by any other written law.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid6505487 
"}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\fs24\insrsid10434525\charrsid6505487 [8}{\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487 ]\tab 
The Supreme Court has power to grant bail pending the hearing of an appeal to that Court, this power being within the general powers of the Court to make interlocutory orders incidental to such an appeal that are }{\fs24\insrsid10765304\charrsid6505487 
conferred }{\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487 or recognised by sections 8 and 1}{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 1 of the Supreme Court Act.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 This}{
\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487  power is original and not appellate, and is not available }{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 where the}{\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487  pending appeal}{\fs24\insrsid6579277\charrsid6505487 
 is to the Court of Appeal.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid10434525\charrsid6505487 [9}{\fs24\insrsid6579277\charrsid6505487 ]\tab }{\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487 There may be a question whether}{\b\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487 s}{
\fs24\insrsid10705280\charrsid6505487 ection }{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487 30(5) of the Bail Act }{\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487 is}{\b\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487 inconsisten}{
\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487 t}{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487  with section 122(1) of the Constitution, and as such invalid and of no effect. However, before deciding that question finally this Court }{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 
would }{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487 wish to have the benefit of full professional argument, }{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 which}{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487  would have to take account of}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{
\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487 section 119 of the Constitution. There is also an argument that sectio}{\fs24\insrsid6709269\charrsid6505487 n 30(5) of the Bail Act confers}{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487  a separate gr}{
\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 ant}{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487  of jurisdiction }{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 to the }{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487 Supreme Court}{\fs24\insrsid15730282\charrsid6505487 
, and that this is permissible under the Constitution.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487 
\par 
\par [}{\fs24\insrsid10434525\charrsid6505487 10}{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487 ]\tab Since this Court has formed the clear view that there is no }{\fs24\insrsid7165949\charrsid6505487 error shown in 
the exercise of the discretion by Ward P and the Court of Appeal there is no}{\b\fs24\insrsid7165949\charrsid6505487  }{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487 ground for interfering with the decisions of Ward P, and the }{
\fs24\insrsid5185329\charrsid6505487 Full }{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487 Court }{\fs24\insrsid5185329\charrsid6505487 of the Court of Appeal we}{\fs24\insrsid8471545\charrsid6505487  dismiss the petition on that ground.}{\fs24\insrsid6505487  }{
\fs24\insrsid4152686\charrsid6505487 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid13136437\charrsid6505487 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3805650 {\b\fs24\insrsid1721399\charrsid6505487 Hon Justice Robert French
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid1721399\charrsid6505487 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\insrsid1721399\charrsid6505487 Hon Justice Kenneth Handley
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid1721399\charrsid6505487 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }{\b\fs24\insrsid1721399\charrsid6505487 
\par Hon Justice David Andrew I}{\b\fs24\insrsid5185329\charrsid6505487 pp}{\b\fs24\insrsid1721399\charrsid6505487 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid1721399\charrsid6505487 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6505487 {\b\fs24\ul\insrsid1721399\charrsid6505487 
\par Solicitors:
\par }{\b\fs24\insrsid1721399\charrsid6505487 
\par Petitioner in Person
\par Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions, Suva for the Respondent
\par }{\b\fs24\insrsid3805650 
\par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3805650 {\b\fs24\insrsid1721399\charrsid6505487 MISC.0013/06S
\par }}