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\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF }{\b\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 the }{\b\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 FIJI ISLANDS
\par AT SUVA
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid6168413\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. CAV0009 of 2005S
\par (Fiji}{\fs24\insrsid12130628\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 Court}{\fs24\insrsid12130628\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 of Appeal}{\fs24\insrsid12130628\charrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 No. AAU00}{\fs24\insrsid15467184\charrsid12130628 54}{\fs24\insrsid12130628\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 of}{\fs24\insrsid12130628\charrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 200}{\fs24\insrsid15467184\charrsid12130628 4}{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 S)
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 BETWEEN:
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 JOJI WAQASAQA
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 Petitioner
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 AND:
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 THE STATE
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 Respondent
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\par Coram:}{\fs24\insrsid12130628\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 The Hon Justice Daniel Fatiaki, President of }{\fs24\insrsid2954869\charrsid12130628 the}{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628  Supreme Court
\par The Hon Justice John von Dou}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 s}{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 sa, Judge of}{\fs24\insrsid2954869\charrsid12130628  the}{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628  Supreme Court
\par The Hon Justice Keith Mason, Judge of }{\fs24\insrsid2954869\charrsid12130628 the }{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 Supreme Court
\par 
\par Hearing:}{\fs24\insrsid12130628\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 Tuesday, 25 April 2006, Suva
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12130628 Friday, 28 April 2006, Suva}{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 
\par 
\par Counsel:}{\fs24\insrsid12130628\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 Petitioner in Person
\par Mr }{\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 Daniel Go}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 u}{\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 ndar}{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628  for the Respondent
\par 
\par Date of}{\fs24\insrsid12130628\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 Judgment:}{\fs24\insrsid12130628\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid3760706\charrsid12130628 Thursday, 8 June 2006, Suva}{\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid7232458\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\fs24\insrsid6380065\charrsid12130628 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT
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\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid6505256\charrsid12130628 [1]\tab 
At about 5 am on 31 July 2003 Armourguard security officers were transferring money from Armourguard vaults at Lautoka to a van to take it to Nadi Airport.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid6505256\charrsid12130628 They were surprised 
by five offenders and threatened with a knife and iron rod.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid6505256\charrsid12130628 One of the guards tried to close the vault door and was hit on the head with a bar.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid6505256\charrsid12130628 Another was hit on the leg.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid6505256\charrsid12130628 Money totalling $1,329,487 was stolen.}{\fs24\insrsid6380065 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12130628\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 [2]\tab The robbery }{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 was}{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628  carefully planned by the ring leaders}{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628  using inside knowledge}{
\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 .}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 Two of the offenders hired a van with driver from Lautoka to Natabua.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 
On the way the driver was overcome, tied up and handcuffed to the back of the van.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 Five or six other co}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 
offenders later joined the two and the group drove to the Armourguard office}{\fs24\insrsid1990910\charrsid12130628  where}{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628  the robbery took place.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 
The group later abandoned the van }{\fs24\insrsid9066114\charrsid12130628 and escaped }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 with the driver still handcuffed inside.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 
Most or all of them were driven}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628  back to Suva.}{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 
\par 
\par [3]\tab On 15 August 2003 two of the offenders (Seremaia Cakau and Abramo Cokanasiga) appeared for sentencing in the High Court at Lautoka.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 
They had previously pleaded guilty before a Magistrate.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 Cokanasiga was one of the two who kidnapped}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 the van driver.}{
\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 Cakau was one of the group of five or six who joined the two offenders in con}{\fs24\insrsid1990910\charrsid12130628 t}{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 rol o}{
\fs24\insrsid1990910\charrsid12130628 f }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 the van.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 Each was present assisting at the robbery itself.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 Each was}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 convicted (on his plea) of the offences of unlawful use of a motor vehicle, wrongful confinement and robbery with violence.}{
\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 Each man had received a share of the robbery, Cakau\rquote s being in}{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 excess of $25,000, Cokanasiga\rquote 
s being}{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628  in excess of $130,000, all of }{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 which was apparently re}{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 covered.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 Each offender had a history of prior serious offences, including (in Cokanasiga\rquote s case) robberies with violence.}{\fs24\insrsid11278664\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 
\par [4]\tab Govind J. imposed concurrent sentence}{\fs24\insrsid14905725\charrsid12130628 s}{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628  as follows:
\par 
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\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 Unlawful use of motor vehicle: 6 months imprisonment.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}Wrongful confinement:}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 2 years imprisonment.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}Robbery with violence: 6 \'bd years imprisonment.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 [5]\tab I}{\fs24\insrsid14905725\charrsid12130628 n our view, the sentences were very l}{
\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 ight }{\fs24\insrsid14905725\charrsid12130628 for a planned }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 armed }{\fs24\insrsid14905725\charrsid12130628 robbery with violence }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 
and stolen property }{\fs24\insrsid14905725\charrsid12130628 of }{\fs24\insrsid149120\charrsid12130628 this magnitude.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 We note that the Court of Appeal has rece}{
\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 n}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 tly suggest}{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 e}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 
d that its earlier decisions may need to be reconsidered in the light of continuing offences of this nature being committed by the same offenders (}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 Sakiusa B}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid6979110\charrsid12130628 a}{
\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 sa v. The State}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 , Criminal Appeal No.AAU0024 of 2005, 24 March 2006).}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 The statutory maximum}{
\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628  for an offence of robbery with violence is }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 imprison}{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 ment}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628  for life }{
\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 [}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 Penal Code, s.293)}{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 (1)].}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid149120\charrsid12130628 The t}{
\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 wo }{\fs24\insrsid1990910\charrsid12130628 principal }{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 offenders were fortunate that th}{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 eir sentences }{
\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 were not the subject of an appeal by the State.
\par 
\par [6]\tab Three other men allegedly involved in the robbery were tried before Govind J and assessors in February 2006.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 They were acquitted.
\par }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 [7]\tab The petitioner, Joji Waqasaqa, was not one of the abovementioned.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 He was a taxi driver }{\fs24\insrsid1990910\charrsid12130628 resident}{
\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628  in Suva.
\par 
\par [8]\tab On 6 September 2004 he came before Connors J. in the High Court at Lautoka.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 He pleaded guilty and was convicted of the three offences referr}{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 
ed to above.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 He was sentenced o}{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 n the basis of an agreed }{\fs24\insrsid1990910\charrsid12130628 S}{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 
ummary of Facts, }{\fs24\insrsid1990910\charrsid12130628 a}{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 n Antecedent }{\fs24\insrsid1990910\charrsid12130628 History and}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid1990910\charrsid12130628 a R}{
\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628 ecord of Pr}{\fs24\insrsid1990910\charrsid12130628 evious}{\fs24\insrsid14485037\charrsid12130628  Convictions.
\par }{\fs24\insrsid1990910\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid14579728\charrsid12130628 [9]\tab }{\fs24\insrsid1990910\charrsid12130628 The Summary of Facts stated:}{\fs24\insrsid8674837\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6168413\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid14579728\charrsid12130628 
On 31st July 2003 at approximately 5.00a.m., the security officers of Armourguard were in the process of transferring money from Armourguard vaults, at Lautoka to a van registration No. DV895, to take to Nadi Airport.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid14579728\charrsid12130628 The accused\rquote s five co}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid14579728\charrsid12130628 offenders surprised the Armourguard}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628  }{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid14579728\charrsid12130628 security officers. They were threatened with a}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid14579728\charrsid12130628 knife and iron rod. One of the sec}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 
u}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid14579728\charrsid12130628 r}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 i}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid14579728\charrsid12130628 t}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 y}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid14579728\charrsid12130628  guards tried to close }{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 the vault door }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid14579728\charrsid12130628 but was hit on the 
head with a bar, and another security guard in the vault was hit on the leg. Both suffered injuries, one a cut on the head and the other a swelling on the leg.
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 A total of $1,329,487.25 was stolen.
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 Prior to this, the accused drove some of his co}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 offenders from Suva to Lautoka in his taxi.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 A}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid8674837\charrsid12130628 t}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 
 one of his co}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 offender\rquote s residence in Lautoka, the accused attended a briefing on the plan to rob the Armour}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 guard office.}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 The plan included}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628  hijacking another vehicle to ferry the actual robbers to and from the Armourguard office.
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 Before the robbery, two co}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 
offenders hired one Ram Sami Naidu\rquote s van reg. No. DX975 from Lautoka town to Natabua.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 
On the way at Field 40 one of the men asked Mr Naidu to stop whereupon they tied him up and handcuffed him to the back of the van.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 Five others later joined the two co}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 offenders.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 They then drove to the Armourguard office at Veitari in Lautoka.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 Some time later they abandoned the van with the driver still handcuffed inside the escaped.
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid2108325\charrsid12130628 After the robbery the accused drove back to Suva with some of his co}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid2108325\charrsid12130628 offenders after picking them up from Rifle Range.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid2108325\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid2108325\charrsid12130628 The accused was arrested at his house in Newtown, Suva.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid2108325\charrsid12130628 A search by the police of his house recovered F$6,050.00 and 296,000 YEN.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid2108325\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid943052\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid8674837\charrsid12130628 [10}{\fs24\insrsid2108325\charrsid12130628 ]\tab }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 The }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 petitioner\rquote s }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 Previous }{
\fs24\insrsid6424700\charrsid12130628 Convictions included convictions for robbery and robbery with violence committed in the early 1990s.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid6424700\charrsid12130628 
There was also a conviction for robbery with violence for which the petitioner was sentenced to 7 years imprisonment on 5 March 2004.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid13060596\charrsid12130628 This Court was informed that the sentence for th}{
\fs24\insrsid8674837\charrsid12130628 at}{\fs24\insrsid13060596\charrsid12130628  offence was reduced to 5 years on appeal.}{\fs24\insrsid14579728\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid13060596\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 [11}{\fs24\insrsid13060596\charrsid12130628 ]\tab Connors J.}{\fs24\insrsid8674837\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 sentenced the}{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 
 petitioner on 13 September 2004.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 His Lordship }{\fs24\insrsid8674837\charrsid12130628 set out the facts as above and}{\fs24\insrsid13060596\charrsid12130628  stated an appropriate }{
\fs24\insrsid12130628 "}{\fs24\insrsid13060596\charrsid12130628 starting point}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 " }{\fs24\insrsid13060596\charrsid12130628 for sentencing of 9 years.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid13060596\charrsid12130628 
He noted the plea of guilty and gave a disc}{\fs24\insrsid8674837\charrsid12130628 ount}{\fs24\insrsid13060596\charrsid12130628  of 3 years resulting in a sentence of 6 years.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid13060596\charrsid12130628 His }{
\fs24\insrsid1793877\charrsid12130628 Lor}{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 d}{\fs24\insrsid1793877\charrsid12130628 ship}{\fs24\insrsid13060596\charrsid12130628  continued:
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6180102\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid6180102\charrsid12130628 
The offence however is aggravated by the wrongful confinement of the van driver, Ram Sami Naidu, the violence used to the Armourguard employees, the pre}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid6180102\charrsid12130628 planning and th
e amount of money involved coupled with the small amount of money recovered.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 Prior }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid1793877\charrsid12130628 [}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid149120\charrsid12130628 to}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid1793877\charrsid12130628 ]}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628  the commission of these offences you have, since 1990 been convicted of 2 charges of robbery with violence and 3 counts of robbery.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 I am of the opinion that the aggravating factors warrant a resulting sentence of 8 years imprisonment.

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 In the course of mitigation, you indicated to the court your willingness to co}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 
-}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 operate with the prosecution, to assist in your co}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 offenders being apprehended and brought to justice.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 I note that you have subsequently reneged on that expressed intention and accordingly, no consideration is given to that in fixing an appropriate sentence.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 In mitigation, you indicated that your role was merely as a taxi driver conveying some of the co}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 accused from Suva to Lautoka and from Lautoka to Suva.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 
The facts to which you have agreed clearly indicate that you participated in the planning meeting at Lautoka prior to the commission of the offence and you received some of the proceeds of the robbery.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 You embarked on a joint enterprise and accordingly you are liable for the acts done in pursuan}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid149120\charrsid12130628 ce}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628  of that joint enterprise by all of your co}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 offenders.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 You have acknowledged that to be so by your plea of guilty to the charges of wrongful confinement and unlawful use of a motor vehicle.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 You have been in custody since 5 March 2004 and accordingly your sentences will date from that date.

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 Sentence
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 With respect to the charge o}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid149120\charrsid12130628 f}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628  robbery with violence, you are sentenced to imprisonment for a term of 8 years and on the count of wrongful confinement to imprisonment for a term of 1 year and to the third count of unlawful use of a motor}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 vehicle to imprisonment for a term of 6 months.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 The sentences are to be served concurrently and are to date fr}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid149120\charrsid12130628 o
}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 m 5 March 2004.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid4858062\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid6180102\charrsid12130628 [1}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 2}{\fs24\insrsid6180102\charrsid12130628 ]\tab }{\fs24\insrsid149120\charrsid12130628 T
he Court of Appeal refused leave to appeal and dismissed the appeal pursuant to s.35(2) of the Court of Appeal Act.}{\fs24\insrsid6180102\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid149120\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 [13}{\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 ]\tab The petitioner was self represented in this Court.}{\fs24\insrsid149120\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 [14}{\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 ]\tab He p}{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 ressed}{\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628  two broad submissions.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 The first was that Connors J ignored the fact that }{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 he}{\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628  was involved only as a getaway driver.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 The re}{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 marks on }{\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 sentence show that this is }{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 not }{\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 correct.}{
\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 We }{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 also }{\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 
observe that the petitioner pleaded guilty to all three of the charges, thereby admitting some degree of criminal complicity in the totality of the criminal enterprise on the }{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 evening}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 in question.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 He also received a share of the stolen moneys.}{\fs24\insrsid3357265\charrsid12130628 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 [15}{\fs24\insrsid3357265\charrsid12130628 ]\tab The second submission }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 based on parity }{\fs24\insrsid3357265\charrsid12130628 h}{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 a}{
\fs24\insrsid3357265\charrsid12130628 s greater substance.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 [16}{\fs24\insrsid3357265\charrsid12130628 ]\tab The co}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\fs24\insrsid3357265\charrsid12130628 offenders Cakau and }{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 C}{
\fs24\insrsid3357265\charrsid12130628 okanasiga were sentenced on }{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 15 August 2003.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 Yet for some}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 reason }{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 that has never been explained the }{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 S}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 tate }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 omitted
}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 (}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 over a year later}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 )}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628  to draw }{
\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 to }{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 the attention of Connors J the }{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 remarks}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 
 on sentence of Govind J as to the sentences imposed on the co}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 offenders who played a significantly greater part in the robbery.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 This omission only came }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 to }{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 light}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628  during the hearing in this Court.}{
\fs24\insrsid3826791\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 [17}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 ]\tab It is clearly established that an unjustified and disproportionate disparity between the sentences imposed }{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 upon }{
\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 co}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 accused may result in }{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 a}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 
n otherwise appropriate sentence being reduced on appeal.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 The principles were discussed }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 recently }{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 
by the Court of Appeal (Scott JA,}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 Stein JA, Ford JA) in }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 Sakeasi Ratumaiya v. The State}{
\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628  Criminal Appeal No. AAU0060 of 2005S, 24 March 2006}{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 )}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 .}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 
Counsel for the State, Mr Goundar, accepted that the petitioner has a legitimate complaint in this regard; and that the role of the petitioner was minimal in comparison to the two }{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 principal }{
\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 offenders who received an effective sentence of 6\'bd years imprisonment.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 We accept the}{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 s}{
\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 e submissions, despite our strong reservations about the sentences imposed on the co}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 offenders}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 .}{
\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 
\par 
\par [}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 18}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 ]\tab We are satisfied that this makes the case a proper one for the grant of special leave (see Supreme Court Act, s.7(2)(c)}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 )}{
\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 .
\par 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 [19}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 ]\tab After some discussion, the parties joined in requesting this Court to re}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628 sentence}{
\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628  on the basis of the Statement of Facts.}{\fs24\insrsid13795140\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid2511226\charrsid12130628 
\par 
\par [2}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 0}{\fs24\insrsid2511226\charrsid12130628 ]\tab }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 T}{\fs24\insrsid2511226\charrsid12130628 he State\rquote s decision not to appeal the 6\'bd years sentences i}{
\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 mposed }{\fs24\insrsid2511226\charrsid12130628 on Cakau and Cokonasiga leaves the petitioner with a justifiable }{\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628 sense}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid2511226\charrsid12130628 of grievance that should be recognised by }{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 an }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 a}{\fs24\insrsid2511226\charrsid12130628 djustment to the }{
\fs24\ul\insrsid2511226\charrsid12130628 length}{\fs24\insrsid2511226\charrsid12130628  of sentence imposed by Connors J.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 [21]\tab The Statement}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628  of Facts discloses the petitioner\rquote s role in the offences }{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 to }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 
have been assistance }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 in}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628  driving some of the }{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 major}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 o}{
\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 ffenders from Lautoka to Suva}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 and back}{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 ,}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628  learning }{
\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 (}{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 through presence at a briefing s}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 ession at the}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 residence of a co}{
\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 offender)}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628  in Lautoka}{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 ,}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628  of the plan to rob the Armourguard office.}{
\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 The plan included the hijacking of another vehicle to ferry the robbers to and from the Armourguard Office.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 
After the robbery the petitioner picked up some of the offenders from Rifle Range, Lautoka.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 The petitioner was paid }{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 part }{
\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 of the robbery proceeds for his}{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628  aid and p}{\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628 resumabl}{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 y his silence.}{
\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 [22]\tab This was significant ass}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 i}{\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 s}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 tan}{\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 c}{
\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 e, although naturally less tha}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 n that involved in }{\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 participation }{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 in the violence or even
 as a lookout}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628  a}{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 t}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628  the robbery itself}{\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 .}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 Applying the parity principle, and taking account of the}{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628  petitioner\rquote s}{\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 poor}{
\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628  record of earlier offending, t}{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 he following sentences should b}{\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 e imposed for those offences to which the petitioner pleaded guilty:}{
\fs24\insrsid12279751\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 Robbery with violence\tab :\tab 4 years imprisonment}{\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 Wrongful confinement\tab :\tab }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 1 year imprisonment}{
\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 
\par Wrongful use of}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628  motor vehicle}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 : }{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 4 months imprisonment}{\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 The sentences are to be served concurrently.}{\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 [23]\tab Connors J was aware that the petitioner had }{\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628 only}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 recently beforehand (on 5 M
arch 2004) been sentence}{\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628 d}{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 by the High Court at Suva }{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 
to seven years imprisonment for a robbery with violence committed in Suva.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628 But t}{\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 h}{\fs24\insrsid2382997\charrsid12130628 is}{
\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628  recent conviction and sentence seems not to have been taken into account except as providing a backdated starting date for the sentence}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 s imposed concurrently by Connor}{
\fs24\insrsid16125760\charrsid12130628 s J for the Lautoka crimes.}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 [24}{\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628 ]\tab The earlier starting date}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628  should }{\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628 not}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 
 have been selected, nor should the two sets of sentences for wholly different crimes of robbery with violence ha}{\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628 ve}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628  been made largely concurrent, as they were.
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 Backdating of sentences
\par 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 [25}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 ]\tab The concluding portion of s.28(5) of the Penal Code }{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 (Cap17) }{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 states:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid12130628 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 Subject to the provisions of this section every sentence shall be deemed to}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 commence from and t}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628 o include the whole of the day on}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628  }{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628 which}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628  it was pronounced }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628 except}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 
 where otherwise provided in this Code or otherwise ordered by the court.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 [26}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 ]\tab The English counterpart has been construed as }{
\b\fs24\ul\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 not}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628  authorising the pre}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 dating of a sentence, only its taking effect at a future date }{
\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 [}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 R v Gilb}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 ert}{\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628  [197}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 5] 1 WLR 1012 (CA), }{
\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 R v Whitford}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 [2001] EWCA Crim 3043, }{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 (20}{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 02) 2}
{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 Cr. App. R (S) 44 (CA)}{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 ]}{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 .}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628  The situation is other}{
\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 wise}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628  in New }{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 South Wales, where }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 Gilbert}{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
 was not followed having regard to a different practice in sentencing and additional words in the relevant provision.}{\fs24\insrsid15561516\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 [27}{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 ]\tab The practice in Fiji has long followed the statement of Grant CJ who said in }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
Director of Public Prosecutions v. Rasea}{\b\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 [1978] 24 FLR 91 at 92:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
A Magistrates Court has no power to backdate a sentence of imprisonment or to order it to run from any date earlier than the date on which the sentence is imposed.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
If a Magistrates Court wishes to take into account the period during which an accused has been in custody, or the time that has elapsed between his plea of guilty and the date of sentence
, it may do so by an appropriate reduction in the sentence that otherwise would have been imposed.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid7222169 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid3360731\charrsid7222169 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-11\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7222169 {\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 See }{\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628 also}{\fs24\insrsid8146025\charrsid12130628 :}{
\fs24\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid10056022\charrsid12130628 Maciu }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid4799188\charrsid12130628 Koroicakau v. The}{\fs24\ul\insrsid4799188\charrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid4799188\charrsid12130628 State 
}{\fs24\insrsid4799188\charrsid12130628 Criminal Appeal No. AAU0033 of 2005S, 15 July 2005).
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid3360731\charrsid12130628 
\par [}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 28}{\fs24\insrsid3360731\charrsid12130628 ]\tab Even if Connors J had power to backdate the sentences he imposed for the Lautoka robbery, the commencement date of the Suva robbery sentence was not a}{
\fs24\insrsid1338181\charrsid12130628 n appropriate}{\fs24\insrsid3360731\charrsid12130628  starting}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\fs24\insrsid3360731\charrsid12130628 point.
\par 
\par [}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 29}{\fs24\insrsid3360731\charrsid12130628 ]\tab There were, however, more fundamental difficulties with the approach }{\fs24\insrsid1338181\charrsid12130628 tak}{\fs24\insrsid3360731\charrsid12130628 en.}{
\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid3360731\charrsid12130628 In pointing them out, we seek also to explain the structure of the sentences that this Court will impose.
\par }{\fs24\ul\insrsid5468400\charrsid7222169 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid2108651\charrsid12130628 Consecutive, }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 C}{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid2108651\charrsid12130628 oncurrent and }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 P}{
\b\fs24\ul\insrsid2108651\charrsid12130628 artly }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 C}{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid2108651\charrsid12130628 oncurrent }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 S}{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid2108651\charrsid12130628 entences

\par }{\fs24\ul\insrsid2108651\charrsid7222169 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid4745125\charrsid12130628 [}{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 3}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 0}{\fs24\insrsid4799188\charrsid12130628 ]\tab Section 28(4) of the Penal Code provides:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4799188\charrsid12130628 
Where a person after conviction for an offence is convicted of another offence, either before sentence is passed upon him under the first conviction or before the expiration}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid8274038\charrsid12130628  of}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid4799188\charrsid12130628  that sentence, any sentence of imprisonment which is passed upon him under the subsequent conviction shall be executed after the expiration of the former sentence, u
nless the court directs that it shall be served concurrently with the former sentence or any part hereof\'85}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid7222169 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid4799188\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid4799188\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 [31}{\fs24\insrsid2108651\charrsid12130628 ]\tab This provision means that sentences for different offences that a}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 re}{\fs24\insrsid2108651\charrsid12130628 
 imposed when conviction occurs }{\fs24\insrsid15149573\charrsid12130628 separately are to be served consecutively unless by directing concurrency or partial concurrency the court otherwise orders.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\fs24\insrsid15149573\charrsid12130628 A similar principle applies where conviction of two or more distinct offences occurs at one trial, although in that event there is no option of partial concurrency }{\fs24\insrsid1338181\charrsid12130628 [}{
\fs24\insrsid15149573\charrsid12130628 (S}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 ee}{\fs24\insrsid15149573\charrsid12130628  }{\i\fs24\ul\insrsid15149573\charrsid12130628 Criminal Procedure Code}{\fs24\insrsid15149573\charrsid12130628 , s.12(1)}{
\fs24\insrsid1338181\charrsid12130628 ]}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 .}{\fs24\insrsid1338181\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 See also }{\i\fs24\ul\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 Prisons Regulations}{
\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 , reg. 139, which also provide}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 s}{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628  for the manner of calculating remissions where there is partial concurrency.}{
\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 
\par [3}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 2}{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 ]\tab These provisions mean that there should be }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 no}{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 
 automatic resort to concurrency where sentences are imposed for separate offences.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 Indeed, we would go further and state that entire concurrenc}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 y}{
\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628  needs }{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 reasoned }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 justification l}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 e}{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 
st the effective punishment for one offence }{\fs24\insrsid1338181\charrsid12130628 is rendered nugatory }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 d}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 u}{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 e to }{
\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 t}{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 he prisoner serving it entirely while serving the sentence imposed earlier for a separate offence. 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 [33}{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 ]\tab In a case like the prese}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 nt}{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 
, where the later offence is committed while the prisoner was on bail awaiting trial for the earlier offence, a substantial concurrency of sentences for the two separate escapades would only }{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 enco}{
\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 urage}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 the priso}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 ner on bail to make (criminal) h}{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 
ay while the sun shines.}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 Sentencing practice in Australia, England and New Zealand reflects these principles by }{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 generally }{
\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 imposing}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 consecutive rather than concurrent sentences}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628  in these situations (see}{
\fs24\insrsid1338181\charrsid12130628 :}{\fs24\insrsid9066114\charrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9066114\charrsid12130628 R v Richards}{\fs24\insrsid9066114\charrsid12130628  [1981] 2 NSUL R 464; and}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{
\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9066114\charrsid12130628 R v Kain}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid9066114\charrsid12130628 (1985)}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid9066114\charrsid12130628 38 SASR 309;}{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628  }{
\i\fs24\ul\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 Archbold}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628  }{\i\fs24\ul\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 2006}{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628  s }{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 5}{
\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}{\fs24\insrsid9066114\charrsid12130628 63, }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9066114\charrsid12130628 R v}{\fs24\ul\insrsid9066114\charrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9066114\charrsid12130628 Wallace }{\fs24\insrsid7222169 [1983] NZLR 758}
{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 ).
\par }{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 [3}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 4]\tab Of course, the sentencing judge or magistrate }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 is always required to consider the totality of the aggregat}{
\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 e}{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628  sentence in order to ensure that it is just and appropriate.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 
Sentencing is never a mere matter of arithmetic.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 The court must always step back and take a last look a}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 t }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 
the total just to see}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 if}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12998011\charrsid12130628 it looks}{\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628  wrong (}{
\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 R v }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid14439284\charrsid12130628 Br}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 a}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid14439284\charrsid12130628 dley}{\fs24\insrsid14439284\charrsid12130628 
 [1979] 1 NZLR 262, }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid14439284\charrsid12130628 Mill v}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid13844238\charrsid12130628  The Queen}{\fs24\insrsid13844238\charrsid12130628  (1988) 166 CLR 59, }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid13844238\charrsid12130628 
Wong Kam Hong v. The }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 S}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid13844238\charrsid12130628 tate}{\fs24\insrsid13844238\charrsid12130628 , Criminal Appeal No. CAV0002 of 2003S, Supreme Court, 23 October 2003).}{
\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 [3}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 5}{\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 ]\tab In }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 Mill}{\b\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 ,}{
\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628  Wilson, Deane, Dawson, Toohey and Gaudron JJ said (at 63):}{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid12130628 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 Where the [totality] principle falls to be applied in}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628 
 }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 relation t
o sentences of imprisonment imposed by a single sentencing court, an appropriate result may be achieved either by making sentences wholly or partially concurrent or by lowering the individual sentences below what would otherwise be appropriate in order to
 reflect the fact that a number of sentences are}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 being imposed. Where practicable, the former is to be }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 p}{
\b\i\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 referred.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid7222169 "}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7222169 {\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid7222169 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 [}{\fs24\insrsid10751632\charrsid12130628 36}{\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 ]\tab 
We agree. These principles are also }{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 capable of application}{\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628  in a situation like the present, where the totality principle comes to be 
applied where a second sentence is imposed upon a prisoner already in custody serving earlier sentences.}{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 [37]\tab }{\fs24\insrsid6979110\charrsid12130628 The to}{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 tality principle }{\fs24\insrsid6979110\charrsid12130628 would}{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 
 not require this Court to depart from making the sentences it is about to impose consecutive upon the sentences imposed in }{\fs24\insrsid6979110\charrsid12130628 t}{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 he High Court at Suva on 5 March 2004}{
\fs24\insrsid6979110\charrsid12130628 .}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 The greatest of the }{\fs24\insrsid7825249\charrsid12130628 c}{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 
oncurrent sentences then imposed was 7 years imprisonment, but this was reduced on appeal to 5 years imprisonment}{\fs24\insrsid7825249\charrsid12130628 .}{\fs24\insrsid6979110\charrsid12130628  Since, however, there was no cross}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 -}
{\fs24\insrsid6979110\charrsid12130628 appeal in the present case, we think it appropriate in all the circumstances to impose a sentence that is no longer in its effect than the one that the petitioner came to this Court to challenge.
\par }{\fs24\insrsid12003516\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid7825249\charrsid12130628 [38]\tab }{\fs24\insrsid6979110\charrsid12130628 We shall achieve this by making the sentences that we shall impose partly concurrent with 
the five year sentence presently being served that was imposed on 5 March 2004.}{\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid6979110\charrsid12130628 Our sentences shall commence from 5 March 2008.
\par }{\fs24\ul\insrsid7825249\charrsid7222169 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid5337073\charrsid12130628 Disposition}{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid5461861\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\fs24\ul\insrsid5337073\charrsid7222169 
\par }{\fs24\insrsid5337073\charrsid12130628 [}{\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 3}{\fs24\insrsid6168413\charrsid12130628 9}{\fs24\insrsid5337073\charrsid12130628 ]}{\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 \tab The following orders should be made:
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid12130628 {
\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 Grant special leave to appeal;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7222169 {\fs24\insrsid7825249\charrsid12130628 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid12130628 {
\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 Set aside the order of the Court of Appeal and the sentences imposed in the High Court by Connors J;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid7825249\charrsid12130628 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid12130628 {
\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 The petitioner is sentenced as follows for the offences to which he pleaded guilty before Connors J:}{\fs24\insrsid5337073\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \li2880\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 (i)\tab Robbery with violence}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 :}{\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 \tab }{
\fs24\insrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 4 years imprisonment
\par (ii)\tab Wrongful confinement}{\fs24\insrsid12130628 : }{\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 1 year imprisonment
\par }\pard \ql \li2880\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid7222169 {\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 (iii)\tab Wrongful use of motor vehicle: 4 months imprisonment
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7222169 {\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 4.\tab The said sentences are to be served concurrently with }{\fs24\insrsid7825249\charrsid12130628 
each }{\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 other and }{\fs24\insrsid7825249\charrsid12130628 commence from 5 March 2008 and are }{\fs24\insrsid6979110\charrsid12130628 to be partly concurrent}{\fs24\insrsid1338181\charrsid12130628  to}{
\fs24\insrsid6979110\charrsid12130628  }{\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 the sentences imposed}{\fs24\insrsid6979110\charrsid12130628  by the High Court}{\fs24\insrsid7825249\charrsid12130628  at Suva on 5 March 2004}{
\fs24\insrsid15816439\charrsid12130628 .}{\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\insrsid11689003\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \qc \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7222169 {\b\fs24\insrsid2954869\charrsid12130628 Hon Justice Daniel Fatiaki}{\b\fs24\insrsid13060596\charrsid12130628 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid2954869\charrsid12130628 President of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\fs24\ul\insrsid2954869\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \qc \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7222169 {\b\fs24\insrsid2954869\charrsid12130628 Hon Justice John von Doussa
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid2954869\charrsid12130628 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\b\fs24\ul\insrsid2954869\charrsid12130628 
\par }\pard \qc \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7222169 {\b\fs24\insrsid2954869\charrsid12130628 Hon Justice Keith Mason
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid2954869\charrsid12130628 Judge of the Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12130628 {\fs24\ul\insrsid2954869\charrsid7222169 
\par Solicitors:
\par }{\fs24\insrsid2954869\charrsid7222169 Petitioner in Person
\par Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions, Suva for the Respondent
\par }}