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\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 No}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid485151\charrsid3886929  ABU}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2571447\charrsid3886929 0}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 03}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 3}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133\charrsid3886929  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 of}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133\charrsid3886929  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 2001S}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 BETWEEN:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 AIR PACIFIC LIMITED}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 

\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 Appellant}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 AND:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 FIJI AVIATION WORKERS ASSOCIATION}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 First}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133\charrsid3886929  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 Respondent
\par }\pard \s21\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 AND:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid3886929 THE PERMANENT ARBITRATOR}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 Second Respondent
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 Coram:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133\charrsid3886929  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14308372\charrsid3886929 T}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12323148\charrsid3886929 he }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 Hon Chief Justice Daniel Fatiaki,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid5324697\charrsid3886929  President }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 of}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid5324697\charrsid3886929  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 Supreme Court
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14308372\charrsid3886929 T}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12323148\charrsid3886929 he }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 Hon Justice Sir Kenneth Keith, Judge}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid5324697\charrsid3886929  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 of Supreme Court
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12323148\charrsid3886929 The }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 Hon Justice }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 David Malcolm}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14308372\charrsid3886929 AC}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7472005\charrsid3886929 ,}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14308372\charrsid3886929  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 Judge of}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid5324697\charrsid3886929  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 Supreme Court
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10382535\charrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 Hearing:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133\charrsid3886929  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 Wednes}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 day, }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15682510\charrsid3886929 8th}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133\charrsid3886929  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 September 2004, Suva
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10382535\charrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 Counsel:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133\charrsid3886929  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 Mr }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid5846452\charrsid3886929 J.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid485151\charrsid3886929  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12154902\charrsid3886929 S}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid485151\charrsid3886929 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12154902\charrsid3886929  Kos and Ms G.K. Phillips for the}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12154902\charrsid3886929 Appellant}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 
\par Mr }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid485151\charrsid3886929 H. }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12154902\charrsid3886929 Nagin}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929  for the }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid485151\charrsid3886929 First }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 Respondent
\par 
\par Date of Judgment:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133\charrsid3886929  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7472005\charrsid3886929 Frid}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 ay, 1}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7472005\charrsid3886929 7}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12323148\charrsid3886929 th}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133\charrsid3886929  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
September 2004, Suva}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 
\par 
\par }\pard \s21\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8544380\charrsid3886929 
\par }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid3886929 The Permanent Ar}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 bitrator decides a}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10163940\charrsid3886929 n}{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929  }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid3886929 E}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 mployment }{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid3886929 D}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 ispute
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 {\*\bkmkstart _Ref81626129}
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 [1]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 In 1998, the appellant,}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14308372\charrsid10493133  }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14308372\charrsid10493133 Air Pacific}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  took steps to improve its productivity.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The steps included making 19 of its more senior employees redundant.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Fiji Aviation Workers Association}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7884582\charrsid10493133  (\lquote 
the Association\rquote )}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  the respondent, represented twelve of them.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
It challenged the redundancies and the Permanent Secretary for Labour and Industrial Relat}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid485151\charrsid10493133 ions, acting under }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid485151\charrsid10493133 s.}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 5A(5)(a)}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  of the }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Trade Disputes Act}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133 as enacted by}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Decree No 27 of 1992}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid485151\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15413059\charrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 referred the dispute to the }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Permanent Arbitrator}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid10493133  (
\lquote the Arbitrator\rquote )}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  to settle the following matters:{\*\bkmkend _Ref81626129}
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6055016\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-568\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid13774894 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 \'93}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 1.\tab Unfairly making 12 of the Association members redundant}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7884582\charrsid10493133 \'85}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 ;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13774894 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6055016\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-568\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid13774894 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 2.\tab 
Breaching Clause 29.1 of the Collective Agreement by neither following the required redundancy selection procedure nor allowing the required time for discussions and union representati
on, and refusing to discuss or justify its selection of redundant persons.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 \'94}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6055016\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 [2]}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Clause 29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  of the Collective Agreement provided as follows:}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 \'93}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Redundancy
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid13774894 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 29.1}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13774894 \tab }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 In the event of redundancy, attributes such as skill,}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
experience, abilities, performance, length of service, shall be considered by the Company when revised manpower levels are being determined.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Where these attributes are equal, employees shall be discharged on the basis of last in, first out.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The Company shall advise the Association at least two months prior to implementation of redundancy to allow for time for discussions.}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 \'94}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8988688\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 [3]}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Subclauses 2 and 3 of Clause 29 provided the basis for calculating severance payments for employees whose }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93services are terminated by the Company because of redundancy\'94.
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 [4]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133 The two questions before this C}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 ourt on appeal, set out in para }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid10493133 [10]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
 below, arise from this provision:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133  (1)}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133 does}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  it impl}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133 y}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
 a requirement, to be satisfied by Air Pacific, of }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93substantive justification\'94}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  for the redundancies;}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133  we must also consider what the content of such a requirement would be and whether it exists independently of the Collective Agreement;}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 and }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid485151\charrsid10493133 (2) does}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid485151\charrsid10493133 it extend}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  beyond situations where some of a common class }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid10493133 
of employees }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 are being made redundant to the situation}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
 found in the present case, where }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid10493133 each }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 position which }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10163940\charrsid10493133 
is}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  the subject of the redundancies }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid10493133 is}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  different.
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 [5]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid10493133 Arbitrator}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  heard the dispute in June 1999 and received written submissions until 2 August.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 On 30 December it issued an }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Interim Award}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 , holding:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 \'93}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 In terminating the employment of the 12 grievors for redundancy, the Company breached clause 29.1 of its collective agreement with the Association.}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 It acted in a manner which was substantively unjustified and procedurally unfair.}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The parties are to appear before the Tribunal on a da
te to be agreed to be heard on the matter of an appropriate remedy.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 \'94}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7884582\charrsid3886929 
The High Court quashes the A}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 ward
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8988688\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 {\*\bkmkstart _Ref81626170
}[6]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 On 4 March 2000, Air Pacific applied to the High Court for judicial review to quash the }{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Interim}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6055016\charrsid10493133  }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Award}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The Court received written submissions in Jun
e and August and held an oral hearing on 6 February 2001.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Justice Scott in the High Court, in a judgment given on 8 May, set aside the }{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Interim Award}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133 Fi}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 rst,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid485151\charrsid10493133 he }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133 ruled}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  that the}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Arbitrator adopted the wrong legal approach, principally by importing from the la
w of New Zealand a law of unjustified dismissal, including the concept of }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93substantive justification\'94}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
; and, second, }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133 be found as manifestly unreasonable }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 the Arbitrator\rquote s findings of fact on the basis of which}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133  the Arbitrator }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 found }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133 Air Pacific in }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 breach of }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133 cl}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid10493133 ause}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133  29.1.}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 {\*\bkmkend _Ref81626170}
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 The Court of Appeal restores the }{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7884582\charrsid3886929 A}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 ward
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 {\*\bkmkstart _Ref81626196}
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 [7]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
The Court of Appeal (Reddy P, Kapi JA and Sheppard JA) on 11 April 2003 allowed the }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15014022\charrsid10493133 Association\rquote s }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
appeal and restored the }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Interim Award}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 While the Court agreed with the High Court that the New Zealand
 authorities interpreting statutory provisions which had no equivalent in Fiji should not be applied in Fiji, it disagreed on the question whether the Arbitrator had applied them as an independent ground for decision.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Rather, referring to passages in the Award, it held that they indicated that}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
{\*\bkmkend _Ref81626196}
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 \'93}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 the Tribunal did not apply the principle of law set out in the New Zealand authorities.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The Tribunal treated the provisions of the Agreement on redundancy as determinative of the issues before it.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 \'94}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 [8]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 It later sum
marised its position in these words (which it will be seen are reflected in the first question put to this Court):}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 \'93}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 We note that in applying clause 29.1 of the Agreement, the Tribunal constantly made reference to the principle of \'93substantive justification\'94.}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
As we have indicated earlier, this principle is introduced by statute in New Zealand but it is not applicable in Fiji for the reasons we have set out earlier.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7884582\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 We have considered whether the reference to \'93substantive justification\'94
 is in fact [an] adoption of principles of law applicable in the New Zealand authorities.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
We have concluded that this is not necessarily so.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
Where the Tribunal has used this terminology, it has been stated within the context of non-compliance with clause 29.1 of the Agreement.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 For instance, when stating its final conclusion, the Tribunal stated}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 :
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6055016\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid10493133 \lquote }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 For the foregoing reasons, the Tribunal finds that the termination of the employment of 12 grievors was in breach of clause 29.1 of the collective agreement and substantively unjustif
ied and procedurally unfair.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid10493133 \rquote }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6055016\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 In essence, the reference to \'93substantial justification\'94
 is a reference to non-compliance with the requirements of clause 29.1.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
It would be advisable not to use this terminology to avoid any confusion.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 \'94}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7884582\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1133779\charrsid10493133 [9]}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Secondly, the Court of Appeal ruled that }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 cl}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12071551\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
 could apply to situations, such as the present, where there was not a common class of position from which only some positions were being made redundant.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The Tribunal had not erred in that respect.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Finally, it disagreed w
ith the High Court\rquote s setting aside of the findings of fact relating to the breach of }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 cl}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 ause}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
The findings of the Tribunal were not so absurd or perverse as to justify that.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 Questions stated for this Court
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 {\*\bkmkstart _Ref81626220}
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3833609\charrsid10493133 [10]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The Court of Appeal (Eichelbaum, Tompki
ns and Penlington JJA) on 26 August 2003 gave leave, under s}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 122 of the Constitution}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3833609\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  to Air Pacific to appeal to this Court on the}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133  following}
{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  questions of }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93significant public importance\'94}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 :}
{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 {\*\bkmkend _Ref81626220}
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid6112681 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3833609\charrsid10493133 \'93}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 1.\tab Whether the Court of Appeal was correct in finding that the Permanent Arbitrator did not exceed his jurisdiction by relying on the concept of \'93substantive justification\'94
, the Court having concluded that such references by the Arbitrator to \'93substantive justification\'94 were \'93not necessarily\'94 to the statutory concept of \'93substantive justification\'94 but were \'93in essence\'94
 to the contractual provision in clause 29.1 of the relevant Collective Agreement between the parties.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6112681 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid6112681 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid6112681 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 2.\tab 
Whether the Court of Appeal erred in its construction of clause 29.1 of the collective Agreement whe
n it found that clause 29.1 is not restricted to situations where a common class is being partially retrenched, the Court concluding instead that it is applicable even \'93
where the positions the subject of redundancy are different, such as in the present case}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3833609\charrsid10493133 .}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'94
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 {\*\bkmkstart _Ref81626251}
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3833609\charrsid10493133 [11]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 The Air Pacific arguments on the}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 se two questions }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 ha}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 ve}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 changed sharply }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 between the a}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 rbitration }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 and later }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 phase}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 s}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 
Before the Tribunal }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 on }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10163940\charrsid10493133 the first question}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 ,}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  in contending that the redundancies were substantively justified, it }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 emphasised}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  the New Zealand authorities}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 :}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93New Zealand law was an appropriate precedent for Fiji given that neither Fiji nor New Zealand have any extensive legislation providing for redundancy\'94.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 In its closing submissions, it followed that passage with a lengthy extract from a Ne
w Zealand Court of Appeal judgment and, under the heading }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Substantive Justification}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 , provided a detailed }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 justification}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 , both general and specific, of the }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 
redundancy }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 decisions it had taken.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
It was only when, after 15 pages, the submissions moved }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 from substantive matters }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 to }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93procedural fairness\'94}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  that }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10163940\charrsid10493133 
Air Pacific contended that the Collective A}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 greement was to be given primacy, although once again New Zealand authorities were quoted at some length before the requirements of }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 cl}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  29.1}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  were considered.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14178882 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 [12]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 By contrast}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  the judicial review hearings and judgments }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 have }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 proceeded on}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 the}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 basis}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 of}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 the}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 central}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 role}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 of}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 cl}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 29.1.}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 first}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8988688\charrsid10493133  question before this Court similarly assumes the centrality of }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8988688\charrsid10493133 clause 29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8988688\charrsid10493133 {\*\bkmkend _Ref81626251}.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 [13}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3833609\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
The second change}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 , although not so marked,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 in Air Pacific\rquote 
s argument concerns the scope of }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 cl}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  29.1}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  \endash  the subject of the second question.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Before the }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 Arbitrator}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  it contended that on the facts it had complied with the requirements of th}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 e}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  provision.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The argument now is}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  that as a matter of interpretat
ion rather than as a matter of fact}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  there was no failure to comply with }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 cl}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  29.1}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  because its requirements }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 including its requirement of discussions in the final}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 sentence, }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 were inapplicable given the }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 particular }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 nature of the positions being made redundant:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 they were }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 not}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  within a common class of employment.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid3886929 Q}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 uestion}{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid3886929  }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3833609\charrsid3886929 o}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid3886929 ne}{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 : }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7884582\charrsid3886929 Reliance on \'93S}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 ubstantive }{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7884582\charrsid3886929 J}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 ustification\'94
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8988688\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 
{\*\bkmkstart _Ref81626303}[14}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3833609\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
This question assumes that any limit on the employer\rquote s management prerogatives to declare positions redundant and to implement the redundancies is to be found only in the employment contract and in particular in }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 cl}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  29.1}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
There is no independent obligation on Air Pacific to justify the redundancies and related decisions, although Air Pacific accepts that its decisions must be taken in good faith.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The Association also accepts that it must found its case on }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3833609\charrsid10493133 the C}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7562835\charrsid10493133 ollective Agreement, }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid4148702\charrsid10493133 particularly }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 cl}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2260093\charrsid10493133  }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 29.1}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 , with the good faith gloss. }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid4148702\charrsid10493133 {\*\bkmkend _Ref81626303}It also depends on }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid4148702\charrsid10493133 cl}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 ause}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid4148702\charrsid10493133  }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid4148702\charrsid10493133 25:}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid4148702\charrsid10493133 \'9325.0}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid4148702\charrsid10493133 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS CODE OF PRACTICE}{\b\i\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2260093\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \fi-851\li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid4148702\charrsid10493133 The Company and the Association sha
ll act in accordance with the provisions of the industrial Relations Code of Practice dated June 1973 or as revised from time to time.\'94
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 The relevant provisions of the Code are as follows;}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid6112681 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3833609\charrsid10493133 \'9344.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 \tab }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 Responsibility for deciding the size of the work force rests with management.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 Before taking the final decision to make any substantial reduction, management should consult employees}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 or their representatives, unless exceptional circumstances make this impossible.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3546471\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \fi-851\li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid6112681 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid6112681 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3546471\charrsid10493133 45.\tab }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 A policy for dealing with reductions in the work force, if they}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3546471\charrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 become necessary, should be worked out in advance so far as is practicable and should form part of the undertaking\rquote s employment policies.}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 As far as is consistent with operational efficiency and the success of the undertaking, management shou
ld, in consultation with employee representative, seek to avoid redundancies by such means as:-}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \fi-851\li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid3886929 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s21 \b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \s21\ql \fi-709\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid3886929 
{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 restrictions on recruitment;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s21 \b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}retirement of employees who are beyond t}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3833609\charrsid10493133 he normal }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 retiring age;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s21 \b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}reductions in overtime;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s21 \b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iv)\tab}re-training or transfer to other }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 work.}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \fi-851\li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid6112681 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14178882\charrsid10493133 46.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 \tab }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 If redundancy becomes necessary, management in consultation,}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3546471\charrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 as}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2260093\charrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 appropriate,}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439683\charrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 with employees or their representatives, should:-}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \fi-851\li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid3886929 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s21 \b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \s21\ql \fi-709\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid3886929 
{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 give as much warning as practicable to the employees concerned;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s21 \b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}consider introducing schemes for voluntary redundancy, retirem
ent, transfer to other establishments within the undertaking, and a phased rundown of employment;}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3546471\charrsid10493133 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s21 \b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 
establish which employees are to be made redundant and the order of discharge should}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11350812\charrsid10493133  be based on \'93last in\'94 \lquote first out\rquote  all other conditions being equal;}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13256424\charrsid10493133 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s21 \b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11350812\charrsid10493133 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iv)\tab}}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11350812\charrsid10493133 offer
 help to employees in finding other work in co-operation, where appropriate, with the Ministry of Labour, and allow them reasonable time off for th}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439683\charrsid10493133 is purpose;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s21 \b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439683\charrsid10493133 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (v)\tab}decide how and}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid549221\charrsid10493133  when to make the facts public }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439683\charrsid10493133 ensuring that no announcement is made before the employees and their representatives and trade unions have been informed;\'94
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12926517\charrsid10493133 [15}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 This Court, along with all branches of Government and th}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 ose}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133  performing the functions of any public office (such as the }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14699241\charrsid10493133 Permanent }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 Arbitrator), must also}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 give}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 effect}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9653027\charrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 to s.33(3) of the Constitution}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid8988688\charrsid10493133  which}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9653027\charrsid10493133  provides:}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9653027 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6112681 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439683\charrsid10493133 \'93}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 
Every person has the right to fair labour practices, including humane treatment and proper working conditions.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439683\charrsid10493133 \'94}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 

\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14699241\charrsid10493133 [16}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
The parties agree that judicial review is available if, among other things, the }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14699241\charrsid10493133 Arbitrator}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  exceeded its 
powers or committed an error of law \endash  the grounds }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 for review }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 in issue in this case.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 Given that the real question i}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 s whether the award of the }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14699241\charrsid10493133 Arbitrator}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 can be reviewed on those ground}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439683\charrsid10493133 s,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133  and not whether the Court of Appeal erred}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 ,}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133  it is convenient to }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 reformulate}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133  the}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14699241\charrsid10493133  first}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133  question}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 :}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14699241\charrsid10493133  thus }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 was the Arbitrator acting within his power and in accordance with law when he }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 referred to }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 the concept of }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93substantive}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 justification\'94}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  in making his }{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Interim Award}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 ?}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14699241\charrsid10493133 [17}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 A related question is what}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 did the }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14699241\charrsid10493133 Arbitrator }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 understand by }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93substantive}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 justification\'94}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 ?}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid10493133 Arbitrator}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  did }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 not}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  apply it in relation to Air Pacific\rquote 
s profitable status, nor to its decision to reorganise its staff.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14699241\charrsid10493133 
Arbitrator}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  also accepted that Air Pacific, in disestablishing positions as superfluous to its needs, acted }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 \'93}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 for purely commercial}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
reasons and not out of personal motives.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 \'94}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 But, the }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 Arbitrator}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  continued (under the heading }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 c}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 lause 29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 ), the employer must in addition show that it has attempted to make a just choice among positions.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 We set out the final part of the Award }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 included under the heading }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 c}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 lause 29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 .}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 It is in this part that the }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid10493133 Arbitrator}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14187534\charrsid10493133 may be seen as making }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 a}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  finding of }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 lack of }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 \'93}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 substantive justification}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 \'94}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  against Air Pacific:}
{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \fi-727\li1436\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1436\itap0\pararsid3886929 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 \'93}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 1}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 .}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 \tab }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'85 as part of its substantive justification burden, the employe
r must show not just commercial reasons for making a particular position redundant but also that it has attempted to make a just choice among positions.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-727\li1436\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1436\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 2}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 .
}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 \tab }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Furthermore, the Tribunal considers that since substantive justification is concerned with why a pa
rticular individual has been selected, in cases where an agreement sets out criteria for selecting individuals, the employer has the further burden of showing that even if a position has been fairly selected, the employer must show that that criteria has 
been applied in selecting a particular individual as part of its proof of substantive justification i.e. in the words of Thomas J [in }{\b\i\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 Aoraki Corporation Ltd v McGavin}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  [1998] 3 NZLR 276, 307], that it has made \'93a just choice\'94 not just of the position but of the individual as well.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6055016\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-727\li1436\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1436\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 3}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 .
}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 \tab }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The Association\rquote 
s actual claim as set out in the Terms of Reference was that Company did not show that it had followed the \'93required selection procedure\'94 under clause 29.1.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The clause required \'93attributes such as skill, experience, abilities, performance, length of service\'94
 to be considered, in the event of redundancy, and where these are equal to discharge on the basis of last-in-first-out.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-727\li1436\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1436\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 4}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 .
}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 \tab }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The Tribunal does not accept the General Manager\rquote s assertions that \'93no issue of selection\'94
 arose in most cases since \'93each position was individual\'94 sufficiently answers the requirement of clause 29.1.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-727\li1436\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1436\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 5}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 .
}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 \tab }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
Subject to the good faith conduct of discussions with the Association, (which is dealt with below), the Company has the right both to id
entify positions and individuals, but it was required to show that it had fairly identified the positions and once it had identified positions, it had applied the criteria set out in clause 29.1.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 On that basis, it was required to show that it had looked at the possibility of transferring or \lquote bumping\'94
 employees from the positions to be affected to other positions and making less senior employees redundant.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-727\li1436\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1436\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 6}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 .
}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 \tab }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 In this case, the evidence before the Tribunal was that the General Managers were concerned only wi
th identifying positions and that it was the Manager, Human Relations, who had the task of translating that decision into individual terms.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The Manager, Human Relations was unfortunately not called to give evidence.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Even if the Tribunal were to accept that
 a just choice had been made of the positions, the Tribunal must nevertheless find that the Company has failed to meet its burden of showing that the agreed criteria for making a just choice of individuals was followed and therefore that there was no subs
tantive justification for any redundancies.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133  (Para numbers added)}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 .\'94}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 [18}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 In this critical part of the }{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Interim Award}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 , the Tribunal appears at times to require }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 of the employer at least }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 two distinct things:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 a }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93substantive justification\'94}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  ground }{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 and}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  compliance with the express terms of }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 cl}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 ause}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  29.1 (the subject of the second question).}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 That is to be seen in paragraph}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133  5}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 :}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 \'93}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 T}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
he Company has the right both to identify positions and individuals, but it was required to show that it had fairly identified the positions and once it had identified the positions, it had applied the c}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 riteria set out in clause 29.1.\'94}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 [19}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11998610\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 Paragraph 1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 of the passage quoted from the Award }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 appears to state the }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 
non}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 -}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133  contractual }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 second obligation}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 even more distinctly and strongly}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10163940\charrsid10493133 ,}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 viz}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 \'93}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 the employer must also show that it has attempted to make a just choice among positions.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 \'94}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 No such obligation}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 is}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 to}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 be found within}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 the words of }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 cl}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2232391\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133  29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133  which is about choice between }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 employees}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 Next}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6556914\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6556914\charrsid10493133 to refer to}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133  paragraph 2, the employer }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6556914\charrsid10493133 must }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 make a just choice both of th}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6556914\charrsid10493133 e position and of }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 t}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6556914\charrsid10493133 he individual.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 (The Arbitrator}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 had earlier said he }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 \'93generally favoured the approach\'94}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133  of Thomas J.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1197181\charrsid10493133 )}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 [20}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6556914\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
Those passage}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 s support Air Pacific\rquote s appeal.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 So too does }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 the Arbitrator\rquote s earlier }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6556914\charrsid10493133 extensive}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 discussion over more than four pages both of earlier Awards which had also made major use of the New Zealand cases and of those cases themselves.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 For instance, under the hea}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 d}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 ing, the }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 Tribunal\rquote s}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 Approach}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 , are these passages:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 \'93In 2 recent Awards, the Tribunal has considered the principles 
that are to be applied in redundancy situations: Award No. 27/1999 (}{\b\i\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid3886929 Housing Employee\rquote s\rquote  Association v. Housing Authority}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 ) and Award No. 35/1999: (}{\b\i\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid3886929 B P (SS) Co Ltd v. W R Carpenters (Fiji) Ltd.}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 ).}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 
In those cases, the Tribunal adopted, with some important variations, the views which were expressed by the New Zealand Court of Appeal in the 3 leading cases cited by Mr Kos.
\par }\pard \s21\ql \fi-851\li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 
In the Awards, the Tribunal said that in redundancy disputes employers are subject to the same rules and principles that apply in unjustified dismissal claims, but modified somewhat in view of the unique context of a redundancy situation.
\par }\pard \s21\ql \fi-851\li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 \'85.
\par }\pard \s21\ql \fi-851\li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 
As in unjustified dismissal disputes, the employer has the burden of justifying the termination in terms of \'93substantive justification\'94 and \'93procedural fairness.\'94}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 However, as the Tribunal has said in a number of previous disputes involving unjustified dismissals, these are convenient categories for analysis only.}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 In reality they overlap and may, in many cases, be practically indistinguishable.\'94}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14892080\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 [21}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 
All that can be put a}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 gainst that continuing emphasis }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 by the Arbitrator }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 on the burden on the employer to justify }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 the redundancies, }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 substantively and procedurally}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 is the}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 final paragraph }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 6}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133  and especially its final sentence,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
 with its emphasis on the }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93agreed criteria\'94}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  which }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 is to}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  be read as a ref}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 erence to the list in }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 cl}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 \~29.1}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 I}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 f}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 that sentence is read }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 simply by itself it may be }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 thought that the decision turns only on }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 the }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 clause.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 But we do not think that}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133  that is a fair reading of the A}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 
ward taken as a whole.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133 That one reference is overwhelmed by the wider references to distinct burdens }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 of justification to be satisfied by}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11882251\charrsid10493133  Air Pacific.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 [22}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133 Accordingly we conclude on }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 the}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 first question}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133  that the Arbitrator did err in law }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 by}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133  stating burdens of substanti}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 ve and procedural justification}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133  distinct from the obligations }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 included}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133 in the Collective Agreement and in particular in }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133 cl}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 
ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133  29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133 , and in applying those distinct burdens in this case.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133 As Mr Kos, wh}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133 o has appeared throughout for A}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133 
ir Pacific in this matter}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133  frankly}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133 acknowledge}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 d before us,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133 he }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 bore}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133  significant responsibility for this error}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133  given }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 the}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133  way he presented the case to the Arbitrator.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13789204\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 [}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 23}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid13583388\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133 
 }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 We agree with the Court of Appeal that the expression }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93substantive justification\'94}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10163940\charrsid10493133 (}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 which is almost a }{
\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 \lquote }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 term of art}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10163940\charrsid10493133 \rquote }{
\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 in the New Zealand}{\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 legislation\rquote }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12715875\charrsid10493133 )}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6055016\charrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 should be avoided.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133 I}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 t does not have a distinct existence in the law }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133 in}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133  Fiji}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133 Rather that law, }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 to put it generally}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133 is to be found in the relevant Collective Agreement, in }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 the }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133 
common law and }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 in }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133 s.33 of the Constitution; s.43(2) of the Constitution may also be relevant.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid3886929 Question two : S}{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 election of }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid3886929 I}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 ndividuals
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 {\*\bkmkstart _Ref81626356}
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 [24}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
The terms of }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 cl}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  29.1}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  required Air Pacific to consider certain matters }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93when revised manpower levels are being determined\'94.}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 If the attributes }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 were}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  equal, employe}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133 e}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 s}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 were to be r}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 etained on the basis of seniority.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
The parties disagree whether those requirements apply in the present case where, as they accept, the positions the subject of redundancy all differ;}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 this is }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 not}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
 a case of a common class being partly retrenched.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 This matter was not distinctly addressed by the Tribunal or the High Court.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The Court of Appeal said only this about it:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 {\*\bkmkend _Ref81626356}
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 \'93}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Counsel for the Company submits that the act of selection under clause 29.1 can only apply where there is a \'93common class of position from w
hich only some positions are being made redundant\'94.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14178882\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
We accept that this clause may apply to circumstances where there is a common class of position from which only some positions are being made redundant.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 However, we do not accept that this clause is restricted to such circumstances.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 We cannot find any words in clause 29.1 capable of such limitation.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Where the positions, the subject of redundancy are different, such as in the present case, there is no reason why }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133 the }
{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Company cannot consider all or some of the attributes set out in clause 29.1 in considering redundancy.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 We consider that the first sentence in clause 29.1 is capable of this meaning.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The \'93tie-breaker\'94 is relevant where the attributes are equal.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 The \'93tie-breaker\'94 in this clause is somewhat simil
ar to clause 46 (iii) of the code which provides that employees who are made redundant should be discharged \'93based on \lquote last in\rquote  \lquote first out\rquote  all other conditions being equal\'94.}{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Like clause 29.1, this clause is drafted to apply generally with a \'93tie-breaker\'94 
in the event that the relevant conditions are equal.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li851\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
We find that the Tribunal did not make any error in applying clause 29.1 to the present case.}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 \'94}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid3886929 
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 [25}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid70200\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 With respect and in agreement with Air Pacific, we cannot see how}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10163940\charrsid10493133 t}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 his provision can be applied in the current situation}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 The only way that has been suggested is by }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 finding a distinct obligation of the employer to make a just choice }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 among positions}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  by reference to those criteria}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 Those criteria }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 are of course }{\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 personal}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  to individual employees}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  but the manag
ement prerogative of the employer to reorganise its business }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 by removing particular positions }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
does not involve it making assessments of personal characteristics.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 We have rejected the existence of any distinct obligation}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133  to make a just choice of positions.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 
Once the employer has declared a single position }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 redundant}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 , a position which, as here, is }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 not }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 part of a common pool, there is }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 no}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133  room for the comparisons envisaged by the first sentence of }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 cl}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid16079296\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133  29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133  to be undertaken.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 If there is a single individual there is no }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 other }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 person to }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 whom}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133  that individual can be }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 compared or }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 p}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 referred}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133  by reference to }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 all }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 the criteria}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 The clause is }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 not}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133  directed to the total work force, but rather to the consequences of the management decision}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3884676\charrsid10493133 s}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133  in question.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 The decisions here related to 12}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133  separate and }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 
distinct positions.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 [26}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
We accordingly conclude that the obligations imposed by the first and second sentences do }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 not}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 
 apply to the present situation and that the second question is to be answered, Yes, the Court of Appeal and }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 impliedly }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 
the Permanent Arbitrator }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 did er}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 r in their interpretation of }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 clause 2}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 9.1.}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 A third }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15679918\charrsid3886929 Q}{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid3886929 uestion
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6055016\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 {\*\bkmkstart _Ref81646954
}[27}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 But}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7014148\charrsid10493133  as Mr Kos acknowledged}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14178384\charrsid10493133 ,}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 that is not the end of the matter}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14178384\charrsid10493133 .}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14178384\charrsid10493133 He accepted that were he to succeed on the two questions}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14178384\charrsid10493133 he could not ask for the award to be quashed.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14178384\charrsid10493133 
The matter would in fairness have to be remitted to the }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 Permanent Arbitrator}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14178384\charrsid10493133  with appropriate directions on the law }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10163940\charrsid10493133 he}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14178384\charrsid10493133  was to apply.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133 So far as the two questions put to this Court are concerned, those directions have already been given.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 [28}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133 
A third matter arises from the third}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133  sentence}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133  of }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133 cl}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133  29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 .}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 I}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133 t }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
imposes }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133 an}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 obligation on Air Pacific}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 to }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 \'93
advise the Association at least two months prior to implementation of redundancy to allow time for discussion\'94.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
There is a finding of fact by the }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15208494\charrsid10493133 Arbitrator}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
, a finding restored by the Court of Appeal, that Air Pacific breached this requirement.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 That finding }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133 of fact }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 is not before us.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 Air Pacific }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133 now }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 argue}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133 s}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  that this obligation }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133 of dis}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 cussion}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1579524\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
is limited in the way that the first and second sentences are}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 , that is}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 ,}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133  to situations when the redundancy aff}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 e}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 cts employees in a common pool.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6107872 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 [29}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6107872\charrsid10493133 ]}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 
We disagree}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6107872\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133  }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6107872\charrsid10493133 C}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 lause 29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133  is not so limited in its terms.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 The }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 Industrial Relations}{\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133  }{
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 Code of Practice}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 , particularly in }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 para}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12715875\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133  46}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133  (}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15208494\charrsid10493133 para}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12715875\charrsid10493133 .}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15208494\charrsid10493133  14 above}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 )}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 ,}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133  indicates matters about which di
scussions might well have been very valuable.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 Further}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11889976\charrsid10493133 ,}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133  a}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 s a matter of goo}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15208494\charrsid10493133 d faith \endash  an obligation of}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  all employers \endash  Air Pacific could not in any event contend that that sentence was to be read narrowly : it }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 
recognised on 26}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133  March 1998 that it}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133  needed to comply with that two months }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 process}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 ; {\*\bkmkend _Ref81646954}on 20 May }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 
when it finally made}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 known the}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 
 names of the 12 staff members it again referred }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 clause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133  29.1}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133  and the 60 days notice given in March; }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 and }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 
in a letter of 1 July }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 1998 }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 to the Permanent Secretary of Labour it said it had
 complied with the obligations required of it under that provision, including making repeated invitations to the Association to discuss the impendin}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 g redundancies.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 The obligation}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133  to engage in discussions on the }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 full range of }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 matters arising from the redundancy decisions is also supported by the right to }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 \lquote }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 fair labour practices}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 \rquote }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 , including humane treatment, under }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 s.33}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 
 of the Constitution.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 It is an obligation}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 
 to discuss, not to consult and certainly not to negotiate.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 The operation of the obligation has to recognise both the employer\rquote 
s management responsibilities referred }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 to for instance}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133  in }{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 para. 44}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133  of the Code and its obligations of good faith and to follow }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 \lquote }{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 fair labour practices}{\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 .\rquote }{
\b\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6055016\charrsid3886929 
\par }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 Result}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3493730\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 [30}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 ]\tab We answer }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 the}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 questions as indicated in }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 paras. 2}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12715875\charrsid10493133 2}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133  and }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 2}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12715875\charrsid10493133 6}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133  above.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 As indicated in the text we have found it convenient to adjust the wording of the questions:
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6055016\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 Question 1:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14178882\charrsid10493133 
\tab }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 Did the Permanent Arbitrator }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15208494\charrsid10493133 err}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 
 in law by stating burdens of substantive and procedural justification distinct from the obligations in the Collective Agreement and in particular in }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 clause 29.1}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12715875\charrsid10493133 and }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15208494\charrsid10493133 by}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133  applying those distinct burdens }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12715875\charrsid10493133 to Air Pacific }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 
in this case?
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 Answer :}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 \tab }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid3886929 Yes.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid5324697\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 Question 2:}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 \tab 
Did the Permanent Arbitrator err in law by interpreting }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14178882\charrsid10493133 t}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 he first and second sentences of clause 29.1 as applying to s
ituations of redundancy where those employees being made redundant were not in a common po}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15208494\charrsid10493133 ol}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 
 of employees but each held a distinct position?
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 Answer :}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 \tab Yes.
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6055016\charrsid10493133 
\par T}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 he matter is remitted to the }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15208494\charrsid10493133 Permanent Arbitrator}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 
 for further consideration in the light of the answers to the two questions and the directions given in }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 para. 2}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid12715875\charrsid10493133 9}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133  above about the}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15208494\charrsid10493133  extent of the obligation}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133  of discussion.
}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 [31}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14168962\charrsid10493133 ]\tab M}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 
r Kos suggested that a new Arbitrator would be able to }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 decide on}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133  the record the questions of compliance with the }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 discussion}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133  obligation in }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 cl}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7230870\charrsid10493133 ause }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 .}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 We have doubts }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14168962\charrsid10493133 about }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 that}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 :}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14168962\charrsid10493133 consid}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 
er the sharply different views taken by the Arbitrator and the High Court Judge about the process followed by Air Pacific and }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 the}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 Association.}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 After all the time that has gone by the parties may well c
onsider }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 that the sensible way forward is}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133  to negotiate a just settlement}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14168962\charrsid10493133  based on the breach by the emp}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 loyer of its duties }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 
under the }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 final sentence of }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 c}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 l}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 ause }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 29.1}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133  read with the Code}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133  and}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 supported by s.33 of the Constitution.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 Any such settlement would have regard to the interpretation that this }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 
judgment }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 places on }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 c}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid11539969\charrsid10493133 l}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 ause}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15208494\charrsid10493133  }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 29.1}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133  in its two aspects.
\par 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9374160\charrsid10493133 [32}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14168962\charrsid10493133 ]\tab In th}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 e}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14168962\charrsid10493133  circumstance}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14614910\charrsid10493133 s}{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14168962\charrsid10493133  there is no order for costs.}{
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15629327\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 Chief Justice}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133  D}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 a}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 ni}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 e}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 l Fatiaki
\par }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 President of Supreme Court}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 Justice Sir Kenneth Keith
\par }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 Judge of Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3886929 {\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 Justice David Malcolm
\par }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 Judge of Supreme Court
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10493133 {\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid9792971\charrsid3886929 
\par }{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 Solicitors:}{\b\ul\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid3886929 
\par }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 Munro Leys, Suva for the Appellant}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid6439697\charrsid10493133 
\par }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 Messrs}{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10493133  }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 Sherani and Company, Suva for the}{
\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid2571447\charrsid10493133  First }{\b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1510327\charrsid10493133 Respondent
\par }}