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PORRA! DIA 8 VOTA N\'c3O!} {\author VOTA N\'c3O \'c0 REGIONALIZA\'c7\'c3O! SIM AO REFOR\'c7O DO MUNICIPALISMO!}{\doccomm A REGIONALIZA\'c7\'c3O \'c9 UM ERRO COLOSSAL!}{\operator blake_r}{\creatim\yr2004\mo8\dy4\hr11\min18}{\revtim\yr2004\mo8\dy5\hr9\min6} {\printim\yr2003\mo10\dy24\hr9\min44}{\version4}{\edmins11}{\nofpages16}{\nofwords6543}{\nofchars37297}{\*\company Department For Courts}{\nofcharsws43753}{\vern16389}}\margb720 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\hyphcaps0\formshade\horzdoc\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1701\dgvorigin1984\dghshow0\dgvshow0 \jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\nolnhtadjtbl\rsidroot5000091 \fet0\sectd \linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\header \pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar \tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs16\insrsid7222980 PAGE }}{\fldrslt { \cs16\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid5705237 15}}}{\cs16\insrsid7222980 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid7222980 \par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 IN THE SUPREME COURT, FIJI ISLANDS \par AT SUVA \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 CIVIL APPEAL NO. CBV0001 OF 2003 \par (Fiji Court of Appeal Civil Action No. ABU 0027 of 2002S) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 BETWEEN:}{\fs24\insrsid619874 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 DISCIPLINED SERVICES COMMISSION \par THE STATE \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Petitioners}{\fs24\insrsid619874 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 AND:}{\fs24\insrsid619874 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 MERE TUISALOLO NAIVELI \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Respondent \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par Coram:\tab }{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Hon. Justice Kenneth Handley}{\fs24\insrsid5377049\charrsid12070354 ,}{\fs24\insrsid5000091\charrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Judge of the Supreme Court \par Rt. Hon. Justice Peter Blanchard}{\fs24\insrsid5377049\charrsid12070354 ,}{\fs24\insrsid5000091\charrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Judge of the Supreme Court \par }{\fs24\insrsid5000091\charrsid12070354 Hon. Justice Mark Weinbe}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 rg}{\fs24\insrsid5377049\charrsid12070354 ,}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid5377049\charrsid12070354 J}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 udge of the Supreme Court \par \par Hearing:}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Tuesday, 21st October 2003, Suva \par \par Counsel:}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Mr. J.J. Udit for the Petitioners \par Mr. V. Mishra for the Respondent \par \par Date of Judgment:}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Friday, 24th }{\fs24\insrsid16122929\charrsid12070354 October}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 2003, Suva \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Introduction: \par }{\fs24\insrsid5000091\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Disciplined Services Commission and the State }{\fs24\insrsid6716222\charrsid12070354 sought}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 special leave to appeal against a judgment of the Court of Appeal dismissing an appeal against a High Court decision ordering the issue of certiorari to quash the Commission\rquote s decision dismissing the late Beniamino\~Naiveli from his position as Assistant Commissioner of Police (Crime) in the Fiji Police Force.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The issue is whether the Commission had power to dismiss Mr\~Naiveli without first holding a disciplinary hearing in accordance with Part VIII of the Police Service Commission Regulations which deal wi th disciplinary offences of gazetted (i.e. senior) police officers.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The provisions of that Part are to be found in an appendix to this judgment.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 As Mr\~Naiveli died subsequently to the Court of Appeal judgment, an order has been made substituting his widow and executrix as the respondent to the petition. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid5000091\charrsid12070354 H}{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 istory of the }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid5000091\charrsid12070354 C}{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ase: \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The case has had a long and tangled history.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Mr\~ Naiveli was appointed an Assistant Commissioner (a gazetted officer) in 1989, having served in the Fiji police since 1964.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In 1991 he was charged with an offence of abuse of office contrary to Section 111 of the Penal Code.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 He was interdicted on half pay.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The allegation he faced was that he had employed the services of a police officer and police vehicle in evicting a }{\fs24\insrsid6716222\charrsid12070354 former owner}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 from a property which he had purchased}{\fs24\insrsid6716222\charrsid12070354 from a bank at a mortgagee sale.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The }{\fs24\insrsid6716222\charrsid12070354 former owner}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 had been threatened with arrest if she did not vacate.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 On 12\~June 1992 Mr\~ Naiveli was convicted of that offence, given a suspended prison sentence and fined.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 He appealed his conviction and sentence.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The interdiction continued, but now without pay.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 On 12\~August 1994 the Court of Appeal dismissed his appeal. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Commissioner of Police then reported the conviction to the Commission under Regulation\~24, recommending that Mr\~Naiveli be dismissed from the police force.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Commission met the next day and, without a formal hearing or giving Mr\~Naiveli the opportunity to be heard, dismissed him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 He petitioned the Supreme Court for leave to appeal against the Court of Appeal\rquote s decision and asked the Commission to set aside the dismissal.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Upon its declining to do so, he obtained leave from the High\~Court to issue judicial review of the Commission\rquote s decision.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In a judgment delivered on 4\~August 1995, Scott\~J quashed the dismissal decision of the Commission on the ground that Regulation\~ 24 had not yet become operative because, in view of the outstanding petition to the Supreme\~Court, the criminal proceedings had not been finally concluded, as Regulation\~24 required.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Judge commented that the dismissal procedure must commence with a consideration by the Commission of the report under Regulation\~ 24 and that it must then decide whether a disciplinary inquiry should be held.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 He said he found it hard to accept the Commission\rquote s submission that the disciplinary inquiry and hearing procedure in Regulation\~26 was only necessary in the case of minor offences. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Commission unsuccessfully appealed Scott\~J\rquote s decision to the Court of Appeal where the argument was confined to a question of costs.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In the meantime the Supreme\~Court refused Mr\~Naiveli\rquote s application for special leave, thus bringing the criminal proceedings to an end. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid14444695\charrsid12070354 On 24\~November}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 199}{ \fs24\insrsid14444695\charrsid12070354 7}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 the Police Commissioner again reported to the Commission under Regulation\~24, recommending that Mr\~Naiveli be dismissed.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Once more he was dismissed by the Commission without }{\fs24\insrsid14444695\charrsid12070354 either a hearing o}{\fs24\insrsid10241380\charrsid12070354 r}{\fs24\insrsid14444695\charrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 a disciplinary inquiry.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 But in June 1998 the Commission vacated that decision.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It said in a letter to his solicitors that he remained interdicted and that it had decided that a disciplinary inquiry was not warranted given his conviction.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 But it afforded him an opportunity of making written submissions on why he should not be dismissed.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Submissions were forthcoming, but on 21\~July 1998 the Commission again dismissed Mr\~ Naiveli.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 A few weeks later it advised Mr\~Naiveli\rquote s legal counsel that the dismissal was due to the conviction and was made after taking into account both the conviction and the representations made by counsel. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Mr\~Naiveli then sought leave to issue}{\fs24\insrsid6716222\charrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 judicial review }{\fs24\insrsid6716222\charrsid12070354 proceedings }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 in relation to that decision.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Fatiaki\~ J (as he then was) dismissed the application but gave leave to appeal.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid6716222\charrsid12070354 He gave }{\fs24\insrsid14444695\charrsid12070354 h}{\fs24\insrsid6716222\charrsid12070354 is reasons in a}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 judgment of 19\~November 1999}{\fs24\insrsid6716222\charrsid12070354 .}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid6716222\charrsid12070354 After mentioning s.129(1) of the 1990 Constitution (to wh ich reference will be made later in this judgment),}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 he said, relevantly to the present appeal, that he had concluded that Regulation\~ 24 provided a procedure for dismissal of a gazetted officer without the holding of a disciplinary inquiry.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It was, he said, a procedure independent of Regulation\~26.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 } {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Upon receipt of the Commission\rquote s report under Regulation\~24 the Commission was only required to consider whether the Police Commissioner\rquote s recommendation (if any)}{ \fs24\insrsid14444695\charrsid12070354 as to punishment}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 should be confirmed, altered or rejected.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It was only on this narrow limited aspect of the matter that the applicant had a right to be heard.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Judge was therefore satisfied that the application for judicial review was doomed to fail on the merits. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Mr\~Naiveli appealed to the Court of Appeal against Fatiaki\~J\rquote s dismissal of his leave application.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In a judgment delivered on 21\~February 2002, the Court of Appeal allowed the appeal and granted Mr\~Naiveli leave to issue judicial review.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It noted the differing views of Scott\~J and Fatiaki\~J, saying that there was an arguable case for review.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It suggested to counsel that they }{ \fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 immediately }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 apply to Fatiaki\~J seeking that he reserve the substantive point for consideration by the Court of Appeal by way of case stated on a question of law, na}{ \fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 mely, whether the Commission had}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 power summarily to dismiss a}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 gazetted police officer who had}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 been convicted of a criminal offence in the absence of a prior disciplinary hearing in accordance with Part VIII of the Regulations. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 That course was followed expeditiously and }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 a}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 case stated }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 by Fatiaki J. }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 was heard by the Court of Appeal only a few days later.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It gave judgment on 1\~March 2002.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Court noted that Regulation 18 does not provide that the commission of a criminal offence is itself a discipli nary offence.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The commission of the criminal offence of abuse of office was not, of itself, a disciplinary offence but the conduct which led to the conviction might fall within one or more of the paragraphs of Regulation\~18, particularly para (30) which speaks of }{ \i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \'93any other act, conduct, disorder or neglect to the prejudice of good order or discipline}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 .\'94}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Counsel for the State had failed to identify a disciplinary offence specified in Regulation\~18 for which Mr\~Naiveli had been dismissed.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 After traversing var ious of the regulations, the Court said that it could not be in doubt that, although the Commission was given a discretion to decide whether an inquiry would be held, it must institute an inquiry when dismissal was a possible result of the proceedings.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Regulation\~26 intended that a gazetted officer would not be dismissed for the commission of a disciplinary offence without receiving the protection which it provided.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 } {\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \'93The discretion not to hold an inquiry is conferred on the Commission so that it may deal speedily with those cases which, in its view, although not that of the Commissioner, do not warrant dismissal\'94.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Court observed that Mr\~Naiveli had not received a statement of the charge against him together with a brief statement of the allegations on which the charge was based, as Regulation\~ 26(1) requires.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Nor was any inquiry held of the type which Regulation\~26 prescribes.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Court considered that neither Regulation\~24 alone, nor when read in conjunction with Regulation\~ 26, conferred upon the Commission a power to dismiss summarily an officer who had been convicted of a criminal offence.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Regulation\~24 merely provided for the making of a report.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Regulation\~26 conferred a power to dismiss}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 , }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 but exercised within the structure of the disciplinary proceedi ngs for which Regulation\~25 made provision.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The opening words of Regulation\~ 26 made it plain, the Court said, that a gazetted officer might not be dismissed otherwise than through the holding of the disciplinary proceeding specified in Regulation\~26. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Court said that Regulation\~ 24 made it plain that a conviction for a criminal offence would not necessarily result in the institution of disciplinary proceedings.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 On receipt by the Commission of a report forwarded pursuant to Regulation\~24, the Commission might decide to take no action against the officer or to act under Regulations\~21,}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 27 or 26.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 But it did not have power to discipline an officer outside those regulations save that, as stated in Regulation\~28}{\fs24\insrsid14444695\charrsid12070354 , t}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 he Commission had a power which enabled it to require an officer to retire in the public interest.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In the Court\rquote s view Regulation\~24 was \'93 a procedural provision and confers no power of summary dismissal upon the Commission\'94.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 For those reasons the Court answered the question posed for its opinion:}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 No. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Fatiaki\~ J made final orders on the judicial review proceedings on 14 March 2002 in accordance with the interpretation given by the Court of Appeal.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In order to bring the matter to this Court the Commission appealed against those orders to the Court of Appeal which delivered judgment on 14\~February 2003.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It said that the order made by Fatiaki J had finally determined the rights of the parties in so far as the proceedings concerned the application for prerogative relief.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (There is also }{ \fs24\insrsid14444695\charrsid12070354 a }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 claim in the High Court for compensation or damages which is not the subject of this appeal.)}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Court of Appeal said that the grant of prerogative relief accorded with the answer it had given in its judgement of 1}{\fs24\super\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 st}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 March, 2002.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 As no new issue had been raised in the appeal, the Court adhered to the reasons for judgment delivered on 1}{\fs24\super\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 st}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 March.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It dismissed both the appeal and an application for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The latter application has now been renewed by petition to this Court for special leave. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Whether special leave should be granted}{\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 : \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Mr. Mishra }{\fs24\insrsid14444695\charrsid12070354 for the respondent }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 in his written submissions opposed the application for special leave on several grounds.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 First, he said that the affidavit supporting the petition did not comply with }{ \fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 R}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ule 5 of the Supreme Court Rules 1998 }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 in that it d}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 id not properly verify the allegations made in the petition.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The affidavit had been made by Mere Labati who deposed to being the Secretary of the Commission, stating that by virtue of her position she was duly authorised to make the affidavit on behalf of the petitioners, namely the Commission and the State.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Counsel said that there was nothing in the rules allowing Ms Labati to swear the affidavit.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 She had not referred to the existence in her favour of any authority, particularly of a power of attorney from the Commission.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 There was no affidavit at all on behalf of the State.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It was submitted that the affidavit is the means whereby the contents of the petition }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 \'93}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 become evidence}{ \fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 \'94}{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 ;}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 hence the need for proper verification. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Ms. Labati did depose that she was the Commission\rquote s Se}{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 cretary and that, by virtue of }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 he}{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 r}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 position, she was duly authorised to make the affidavit on behalf of the petitioners.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Whilst there may be doubt about her authority to take this step on beh alf of the State, there is no reason to think that she lacked authority from the Commission or that she was not in a position on its behalf to confirm its belief in the allegations contained therein.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 And although the State is also named as a petitioner, its role in relation to the judicial review portion of the proceeding has been supportive only and it }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 has made}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 no argument beyond those put forward by the Commission.}{\fs24\insrsid619874 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The proceeding has of course already been before the lower courts and the petition is simply the instrument by means of which it is sought to take a further step by way of appeal.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 As this court observed in }{ \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Prem Singh v}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid5377049\charrsid12070354 .}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 Krishna }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Prasad}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (Civil Appeal No. CBV 0001 of 2002S, Judgment 25 June 2002), the affidavit verif ying the petition is essentially a formality. The position differs, for example, from what is required by way of proof of authorisation where a proceeding such as a bankruptcy petition is being initiated in the High Court and where accordingly the matters requiring verification may not previously have been examined by any court.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In these circumstances, where}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 there has been substantial compliance with the rules, it would not be appropriate to refuse leave simply on the basis of any minor technical deficiency: see the Court\rquote s further judgment of 27 June 2002 in }{ \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid5377049\charrsid12070354 Prem Singh v. }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 Krishna }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Prasad}{\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 in which it observed that}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 ,}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 by virtue of Rule 46 of the Supreme Court Rules}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 ,}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 the Court of Appeal Rules apply with necessary modifications to the practice and procedures of this Court}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 ;}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 and }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 that }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Rule 64 of the Court of Appeal Rules provides that non}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 -}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 compliance }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 on}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 the part of an appellant }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 is}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 not }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 to }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 prevent the further prosecution of the appeal if the Court considers that the non-compliance was not wilful}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 ;}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 and }{ \fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 that it}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 may be waived or remedied by amendment or otherwise.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Here }{ \fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 any}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 non-compliance does not appear to have been wilful and was minor.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 It is wai}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ve}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 d}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 .}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Counsel for the respondent drew attention to the decision of the Supreme Court in }{ \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Ponsami v}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid5377049\charrsid12070354 .}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Dharam Lingam Reddy}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (Civil Appe al No. CBV0001 of 1996, Judgment 12 September 1996) in which (at}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 p.}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 17) the Court affirmed the imp}{ \fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 ortance of compliance with the R}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ules and referred to the dangers of non}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 -}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 compliance.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In no way do we minimise what the Court said in that case, but the deficiencies in the presentation of the appeal in }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Ponsami}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 were of a different order of magnitude from }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 any}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 in the present petition. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Then it was said for the respondent that the appeal was b rought out of time because, although it was against the Court of Appeal\rquote s decision of 14}{\fs24\super\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 th}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 February 2003 and was within the prescribed 42 day period }{ \fs24\insrsid10241380\charrsid12070354 (}{\fs24\insrsid11340629\charrsid12070354 Rule}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 6(a) of the Supreme Court Rules), in reality it is the earlier decision of the Court of Appeal of 1}{ \fs24\super\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 st}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 March 2002 which is being challenged. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 That is no merit in this point.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 By virtue of s}{ \fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 .}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 122 of the}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 1998}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Constitution this Court\rquote s jurisdiction is to hear and determine appeals from final judgments of the Court of Appeal.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The judgment in which the Court of Appeal answered the question posed in the case stated was}{ \fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 not a final judgment, as that C}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ourt itself recognised in its judgment of 14}{\fs24\super\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 th}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 February 2003 when it remarked that Fatiaki J\rquote s order for cert}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 iorari was a final order.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 The C}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ourt clearly regarded its answer as merely a step on the way to that final order, and it was correct to do so.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The answers on the case stated were not formally dispositive of the proceeding}{ \fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 ,}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 notwithstanding that the orders then made in the High Court were necessarily in accordance with the result of the case stated.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It is well established that on an appeal from a final judgment, it is open to an appellant to seek }{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 to }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 question any interlocutory or other order which was a step in the procedure leading up to the final judgment: see }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid5377049\charrsid12070354 Crowley v. }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Glissan}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (1905) 2 CLR 402 in which the High Court of Australia followed the established practice of the Privy Council. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The High Court of Australia has recently conf}{\fs24\insrsid13250869\charrsid12070354 irmed that on an appeal from a}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 final order an appellate court can correct any interlocutory order which affected the final result: }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Gerlach v Clifton Bricks Pty Ltd}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (2002) 209 CLR 478 at 483, citing Spencer Bower, Turner and Handley}{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 ,}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Doctrine of Res Judicata 3}{ \fs24\super\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 rd}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ed (1996) pp 79-80, para 170.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Since there is no ability to bring an appeal to this Court except from a final order it would be extraordinary if upon such an appeal an interlocutory decision affecting the final order could not be challenged.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The observations of Kirby and Callinan JJ in }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Gerlach }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (at p.496-7), concurring on this point, are worth noting: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 \i\f59\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \'93 Suggestions were made in argument that the rule should be confined to cases where the interlocutory point in question determined the outcome of the case.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{ \b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Clearly, the point will need to be relevant to the disposition of the case for otherwise it will be a futility to intervene and no appellate court would give it credence.}{ \b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 However, the rule permitting adverse interlocutory orders to be contested in an appeal against a final judgment should not be narrowly confined.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 This approach is sanctioned by one and a half centuries of judicial practice spanning virtually the entire period since appeal, as a creature of statute, became common to our legal system.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{ \b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The principle is also supported by many practical considerations.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{ \b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Interlocutory appeals can often cause great injustice to parties who are less well resourced than those who pursue them.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{ \b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 They can be misused by those with a \'93a long purse\'94 to prevent others from securing justice in an early trial of the substantive issues.}{ \b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 They can lead to a plethora of appeals and further interlocutory hearings that needlessly raise the costs and delay the conclusion of litigation\'94. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Mr. Mishra also opposed a grant of special leave by pointing to the statement of t he Court of Appeal, in refusing leave, that the issue which it had determined was not one of public or general importance but concerned the meaning and effect of the Police Service Commission Regulations and that the issue was determined on the words used in the regulations, not on any principle}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 of general application, and that it had arisen from facts relating to the respondent. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 But it seemed to us}{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 ,}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 with respect}{ \fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 ,}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 that the question of whether or not the Commission has power summarily to dismiss a senior (gazetted) officer without conducting a}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 disciplinary hearing is a question of law which could well affect other such officers and, as such, has an importance beyond the particular case.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 We were accordingly satisfied that special leave should be granted.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Court therefore proceeded to hear the substantive appeal. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid5000091\charrsid12070354 \par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid5000091\charrsid12070354 A}{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ppeal: \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \f59\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The decision of the Commission dismissing Mr. Naiveli to which this appeal relates was made on 21 July 1998, some six days before the present Constitution commenced (on 27 July 1998).}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{ \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 At the time of the decision the Constitution in force was that of 25 July 1990, section 129(1) of which }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 relevantly }{ \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 provided: \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \'93 Power to make appointments to offices in the Police Force above the rank of Senior Inspector (including power to confirm appoint ments) and to remove and to exercise disciplinary control over persons holding or acting in such offices shall vest in the Police Service Commission}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 .\'94}{\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par The Police Service Commission is now known as the Disciplined Services Commission.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 (}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 For the current constitutional provision see section 152(1) of the }{ \fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 1998 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Constitution which is essentially to the same effect so far as }{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 concerns}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 the powers of the Commission in relation to }{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 removal or disciplining of }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 gazetted officers}{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 .}{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 )}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Commission accordingly possessed po wer both to remove and to exercise disciplinary control over gazetted officers.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Before considering how that power might support the decision to dismiss Mr. Naiveli, we deal with the appellant \rquote s argument that, contrary to the view of the Court of Appeal, the regulations permitted a summary dismissal once the Commissioner of }{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 Police had made a report under Regulation 24.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 We are satisfied that the Court of Appeal was correct when it concluded that}{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 the Regulations}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 confer on }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 the Commission no power to dismiss a gazetted officer without going through a disciplinary proceed}{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 ing process in accordance with R}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 egulation 26.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 We are unab}{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 le to find in Part VIII of the R}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 egulations any power of dismissal unless that process has been followed.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Regulation 24 plainly confers no such power.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It involves no more than a preliminary step in a process which may lead to a dismissal (among other possible outcomes).}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It requires that where criminal proceedings against a gazetted officer have finally concluded and have resulted in a conviction, the Commissioner of Police must report that matter and the report must be forwarded to the Commission for its consideration.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Commissioner of Police may include in his report a recommendation as to punishment but is not obliged to do so.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The Commiss ioner himself has no power to dismiss a gazetted officer on the ground of conviction of a criminal offence.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 He does have such a power under section 37 of the Police Act (Cap. 85) in respect of other police officers, with the concurrence of the}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Commission, but gazetted officers are specifically excluded under that section. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid10241380\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The only power of dismissal appearing in Part VIII of the Regulations is in Regulation 28, which includes dismissal in the list of the punishments which may be ordered by the }{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 Commission}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \'93as the result of proceedings under this Part\'94.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In that context the word \'93proceedings}{\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \'94}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 must mean disciplinary proceedings.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The word is used in the Part only in relation to criminal proceedings}{\fs24\insrsid10241380\charrsid12070354 ,}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 which are obviously not proceedings under Part VIII, }{\fs24\insrsid11340629\charrsid12070354 and}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 disciplinary proceedings, which are provided for in Regulations 26 and 27.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 There is no other form of proceeding under the Part.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 What occurs under Regulation 24 \endash }{ \fs24\insrsid15879071\charrsid12070354 a report }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 which may or may not be accompanied by a recommendation \endash cannot be considered to be a proceeding.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It is at most a step which may precede a proceeding.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 A summary}{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 dismissal without recourse to R}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 egulation 26 therefore ca}{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 nnot be justified by resort to R}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 egulation 28. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Mr. }{\fs24\insrsid11340629\charrsid12070354 Mishra}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 referred us to }{ \fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 R}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 egulation 25(2) which provides: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid15879071\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 \i\f59\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 \'93 (2) W}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 her e it is proposed to commence disciplinary proceedings against a gazetted officer who has been tried upon a criminal charge arising out of his conduct in a matter which is proposed to be the subject of the disciplinary charges,}{ \b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 t}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 he draft disciplinary charges shall be sent to the Solicitor-General for his advi}{ \b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 c}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 e as to whether the charges can properly be laid.\'94}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{ \b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Read in isolation}{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 that provision}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 might appear to }{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 have application }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 where }{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 an}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 officer ha}{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 s}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 been convicted and to be inconsistent with the use by the Commissioner of a summary process.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 But when it is read with }{ \fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 paragraph (1)}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 of the }{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 same }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 regulation, it is apparent that it is intended to apply only after an acquittal and to ensure that the officer is not placed in jeopardy of a dismissal or other }{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 disciplinary }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 punishment on the charge of which he has been acquitted.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 That view is confirmed by the heading to the regulation }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \'93 Disciplinary action after acquittal on criminal charge}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 .}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \'94}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 S}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ection 13 of the Interpretation Act (Cap 7) permits notice to be taken by the }{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 C}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ourt}{\fs24\insrsid144634\charrsid12070354 of that heading}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 . \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Since authority f}{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 or the dismissal of Mr. Naiveli cannot be found in the Regulations, we return to s.129(1) of the 1990 Constitution.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 It confers upon the Commission both a powe r of removal and a power to exercise disciplinary control of gazetted officers.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 Mr Udit, rightly in our view, accepted that because of the existence of the regulatory regime in Part VIII, the latter power is restricted.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid11340629\charrsid12070354 At the least, in the absence of a cr iminal conviction, it}{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 must be exercised in accordance with that Part.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 T}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 he Commission must in particular foll}{ \fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 ow the procedures laid down in R}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 egulation 26.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In that context there is to an extent an overlap between regulations 24 and 26, the former making it mandatory for the Commissioner to furnish a report where there has been a criminal conviction}{\fs24\insrsid2052094\charrsid12070354 , where}{ \fs24\insrsid10241380\charrsid12070354 as}{\fs24\insrsid2052094\charrsid12070354 Regulation 26(1)(a) enables the Commission to form a judgment o}{\fs24\insrsid10241380\charrsid12070354 n whether disciplinary action is}{ \fs24\insrsid2052094\charrsid12070354 warranted.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In other cases the Commissioner has a discretion whether to }{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 make a }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 report to the Commission. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 In our view, t}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 he power of removal }{ \fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 under s.129(1) }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 authorises both dismissal or the issuance of a requirement to a gazetted officer}{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 that he shall retire from the p}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ublic }{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 s}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ervice in the public interest. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid2052094\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In so far as the power of removal authorises a dismissal, however, there is no}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 regulatory restriction imposed upon the Commission.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The power must be taken to be available to the Commission for use in cases of appropri ate gravity but controlled by ordinary principles of administrative law, including the obligation to act for a proper purpose and to act fairly and reasonably, both substantively and procedurally.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In particular, the }{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 procedures adopted by the }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Commission must }{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 be}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 in accordance with the principles of natural justice. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 There can be no doubt, in our view, }{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 t}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 hat the power of removal from office conferred by section 129(1) }{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 i}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 s }{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 available }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 where a gazetted officer ha}{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 s}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 been convicted of an offence }{\fs24\insrsid3220694\charrsid12070354 against the Penal Code. }{ \fs24\insrsid15879071\charrsid12070354 It would be extra}{\fs24\insrsid13383580\charrsid12070354 ordinary if it were not, }{\fs24\insrsid2052094\charrsid12070354 when}{\fs24\insrsid13383580\charrsid12070354 a police officer who is not of that rank could be}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid13383580\charrsid12070354 dismissed on that ground (under s.37 of the Police Act).}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid13383580\charrsid12070354 The fact that criminal offending is not directly in}{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 cluded}{\fs24\insrsid13383580\charrsid12070354 in the extensive list of disciplinary offences in Regulation 18}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid13383580\charrsid12070354 is also an indication that it is to be dealt with by a different process.}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid13383580\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 It was the submission}{\fs24\insrsid13383580\charrsid12070354 of Mr Mishra that }{ \fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 even if the Commission}{\fs24\insrsid13383580\charrsid12070354 had the necessary power}{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 i}{\fs24\insrsid16341569\charrsid12070354 t}{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 nevertheless}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid13383580\charrsid12070354 failed to afford Mr Naiveli natural justice because it gave him no opportunity to put forward matters on the basis of which the Commission might have concluded that he had not abused his office.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid13383580\charrsid12070354 Mr Mishra did not say what those matters might have been.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid13383580\charrsid12070354 But whether or not they might have had any substance, we are satisfied that the}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 rules of natural justice did not in these circumstances require that the Commission should examine whether Mr. Naiveli had properly been found guilty of abuse of office}{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 , me}{ \fs24\insrsid2496724\charrsid12070354 rely that}{\fs24\insrsid16341569\charrsid12070354 he}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid2496724\charrsid12070354 be given an adequate opportunity of putting before it material and submissions relevant to mitigation}{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 - to whether the power of }{\fs24\insrsid2496724\charrsid12070354 removal should not be exercised notwithstanding the conviction}{\fs24\insrsid16341569\charrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid15100598\charrsid12070354 - }{\fs24\insrsid16341569\charrsid12070354 or }{\fs24\insrsid15100598\charrsid12070354 suggesting }{ \fs24\insrsid16341569\charrsid12070354 that he be permitted to retire from the force.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid11273644\charrsid12070354 W}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 here the ground upon which }{ \fs24\insrsid11273644\charrsid12070354 an administrative tribunal has power to act is the existence of a }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 criminal conviction, it is well established that }{\fs24\insrsid11273644\charrsid12070354 the }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 person who has been convicted may not call evidence for the purpose of seeking to persuade the tribunal that he was in fact innocent of the offence }{\fs24\insrsid11273644\charrsid12070354 of}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 which he was convicted }{\fs24\insrsid11273644\charrsid12070354 by a}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 criminal court. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The leading judgment }{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 on this question is the }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 speech of Viscount Simon LC}{\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid5377049\charrsid12070354 in}{\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 General Medical Council v Spackman}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 [1943] AC 627, 634-5 (HL).}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid16341569\charrsid12070354 There is}{\fs24\insrsid10241380\charrsid12070354 a}{ \fs24\insrsid16341569\charrsid12070354 distinc}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 tion between a case }{\fs24\insrsid16341569\charrsid12070354 where the statute or regulation makes a criminal conviction a }{\fs24\insrsid10241380\charrsid12070354 ground for disciplinary action }{\fs24\insrsid16341569\charrsid12070354 and a case where conduct is }{\fs24\insrsid10241380\charrsid12070354 the}{\fs24\insrsid16341569\charrsid12070354 basis for such action.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 In the former case the}{\fs24\insrsid13832512\charrsid12070354 disciplinary action}{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 is properly based on the fact of the conviction.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 The person concerned cannot go behind it and endeavour to show that he was innocent of the charge and should have been acquitted.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 In the latter case the decision of the tribunal, if adverse to the person, must be arrived at after due inquiry by the tribunal, which may involve }{\fs24\insrsid13832512\charrsid12070354 receiving}{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 evidence tendered with a view to showing that }{\fs24\insrsid13832512\charrsid12070354 the decision of a criminal or civil court was wrong}{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 . \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid13832512\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 This question has been the subject of a number of Australian cases concerning the conduct of administrative tribunals, including }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 Minister of}{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 }{ \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 Immigrat}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 i}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 on and Ethnic affairs v. Daniele}{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 (1981) 39 ALR 649, }{ \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 Minister for}{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 Immigra}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 t}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 i}{ \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 on and Ethnic Affairs v. Gungor}{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 (1982) 42 ALR 209, }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 Saffron v.}{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 }{ \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 Commissioner of Taxation}{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 (1991) 30 FCR 578 and }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 Ridley v. Secretary, Department}{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 }{ \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 of Social Security}{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 (1993) 42 FCR 276. I}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 n }{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Minh v Min}{ \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 ister of Immigration and Multi}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 -}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 c}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ultural Affairs}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (1998) 85 FCR 304, Weinb}{\fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 e}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 rg J adopted a summary of position given in the first instance decision of Hill J in }{ \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Ridl}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 e}{\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 y}{\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ((1992) 40 FCR 43 at 50)}{ \fs24\insrsid9775863\charrsid12070354 .}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Hill J said: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 \i\f59\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \'93 The first category was where the decision challenged was itself based on the fact of conviction.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In such a case the person seeking to upset the challenged decision could not go behind the fact of conviction}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 and endeavour to show that he was innocent of the charge.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In the second category the conviction was a relevant factor but the decision sought to be challenged was not based upon it.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In the second category it was open for a person seeking to challenge the decision to go behind the fact of conviction and challenge the essential facts upon which the conviction was based.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070354 }{ \b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Commenting upon the distinction Davies J }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 [}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 in Saffron}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 ]}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 said (at 582): \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid5000091\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\b\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \'93 The rationale for the distinction between the two categories is, of course, that in the first of the categories the exercise of the power arises out of, and is founded on, the conviction.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \b\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The power conferred is not a power to reconsider that matter or the essential facts on which a conviction was based but a power to consider matters of discretion and like consequential matters which flow from the established fact of conviction.}{\b\i\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\b\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 When the power is not so founded, then all relevant matters, including the facts on which the conviction was based, are open.\'94}{ \b\i\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid15879071\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 Th}{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 e present}{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 case was}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 one falling within the first category.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 The ground on which the Commission acted under s.129(1)}{\fs24\insrsid13832512\charrsid12070354 , following the report under Regulation 24}{\fs24\insrsid10241380\charrsid12070354 ,}{\fs24\insrsid13832512\charrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 was the }{\fs24\insrsid13832512\charrsid12070354 fact}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid12657230\charrsid12070354 of the conviction.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It would not have been }{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 appropriate}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 for the Commission to allow the question of Mr. Naiveli\rquote s guilt of the charge of abuse of office}{\fs24\insrsid13832512\charrsid12070354 to be re-opened before it}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 .}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The evidence in question, if it were shown to }{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 meet the strict requirements for \'93fresh evidence\'94}{\fs24\insrsid14301437\charrsid12070354 ,}{ \fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 should }{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 instead }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 have been put before the courts which heard the conviction appeal.}{ \fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 It could not }{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 properly be tendered to}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 the Commission for the purpose of contraverting the conviction}{ \fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 or the essential facts upon which it had }{\fs24\insrsid14301437\charrsid12070354 been }{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 based}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 .}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Obviously, therefore, there was no breach of natural justice in the Commission\rquote s failure to provide a hearing for that purpose.}{\fs24\insrsid619874 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 The C}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ommission did }{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 g}{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ive Mr. Naiveli ample opportunity of putting before it matters relevant to whether, as a result of the conviction, he should be dismissed.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 No complaint is made about that aspect of its proc}{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 esses. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 We make }{\fs24\insrsid13832512\charrsid12070354 one}{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 further observation }{\fs24\insrsid7738686\charrsid12070354 .}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 Mr Naiveli\rquote s offending was not only serious but also involved his position as a police officer.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 It was entirely open to the Commission to take the view that he must be dismissed.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid13832512\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 In summary, although we agree with the Court of Appeal that Part VIII of the Regulations did not authorise the }{ \fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 C}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ommission}{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 to}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 dismiss Mr. Naiveli on 21 July 1998 in the manner in which that dismissal occurred, the }{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 C}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 ommission did possess the necessary power }{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 of removal }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 under section 129(1) of the 1990 Constitution and properly exercise}{\fs24\insrsid1641114\charrsid12070354 d}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 that power.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 The dismissal was accordingly valid. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard\plain \s6\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \b\f59\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 { \f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Result: \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 We therefore allow the appeal, set aside the High Court\rquote s orders and dismiss the application for judicial review. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard\plain \s6\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \b\f59\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 { \f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Costs: \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 However, since the petition to this Court provided the means whereby the Commission could obtain clarification of its powers, we made an order at the outset of the hearing that if, as happened, special leave was granted, the petitioners should bear the re spondent\rquote s costs of the appeal on a solicitor/client basis, whatever the outcome.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid8399766\charrsid12070354 T}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 he respondent }{\fs24\insrsid8399766\charrsid12070354 will }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 have costs in this Court on that basis.}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Costs in the}{\fs24\insrsid15879071\charrsid12070354 H}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 igh Court and in the Court of Appeal are to be payable by the respondent. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Hon. Justice Kenneth Handley \par }\pard\plain \s5\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \b\f59\fs24\ul\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 { \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Judge of the Supreme Court \par }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }{\b\fs24\insrsid8399766\charrsid12070354 Rt. Hon. Justice Peter Blanchard \par }\pard\plain \s5\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \b\f59\fs24\ul\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 { \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8399766\charrsid12070354 Judge of the Supreme Court \par }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\insrsid8399766\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard\plain \s4\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \b\f59\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 { \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4463805\charrsid12070354 Hon. Justice Mark }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Weinb}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4463805\charrsid12070354 e}{ \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 rg \par }\pard\plain \s5\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \b\f59\fs24\ul\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 { \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Judge of the Supreme Court \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\ul\insrsid15879071\charrsid12070354 \par }{\b\fs24\ul\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Solicitors: \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }{\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Office of the }{\b\fs24\insrsid5000091\charrsid12070354 Attorney}{\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 General, Suva for the Petitioners \par }{\b\fs24\insrsid5000091\charrsid12070354 Messrs. }{\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Mishra Prakash & Associates, Suva for the Respondent \par }{\fs24\insrsid7738686\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 APPENDIX \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\b\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 PART VIII - DISCIPLINE \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Disciplinary offences \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 18. Any gazetted officer who\emdash }{\fs24\insrsid619874 \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (1) uses traitorous or disloyal words regarding the Sovereign; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (2) is disrespectful in word, act or demeanour to any of his superior officers; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 (3) wi}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 lfully disobeys any lawful order; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (4) is guilty of drunkenness; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (5) drinks intoxicating liquor whilst on duty for which he has been detailed; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (6) parades for duty for which he has been detailed, under the influence of liquor; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (7) absents himself without leave; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (8) neglects or without reasonable excuse refuses to assist in the apprehension of any person whom it is his duty to apprehend, when lawfully ordered to assist; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (9) negligently allows any prisoner who is committed to his charge or whom it is his duty to keep or guard, to escape; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (10) offers or uses unwarranted violence to or ill treats any person in his custody; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (11) is guilty of cowardice; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (12) discharges any arms without just cause or orders; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (13) without reasonable cause fails to present himself at any parade or for any duty at a time appointed by his superior officer; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (14) pawns, sells, loses by neglect, makes away with, wilfully or by neglect damages, or fails to report any damage to, any arms, ammunition, equipment, clothing or any other public property committed to his charge; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (15) without due authority parades for or attends any duty out of uniform or dirty or untidy in his person, arms, clothing or equipment; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (16) is slovenly, inattentive, uncivil or quarrelsome; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (17) without due authority discloses or conveys any information concerning any investigation or other police matters; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (18) malingers, feigns, or wilfully produces any disease or infirmity; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (19) is guilty of wilful misconduct or wilfully disobeys, whether in hospital or otherwise, any orders, by means of which misconduct or disobedience he produces or aggravates any disease or infirmity or delays its cure; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (20) incurs debt beyond his means; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (21) knowingly makes any false accusation against any other police officer or any other person; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (22) in making any complaint against any other police officer or any other person, makes a false statement affecting the character of any such police officer or other person, knowing such statement to be false, or knowingly and wilfully suppresses any mat erial facts; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (23) makes or signs any false report or statement in any official record or document in circumstances which would indicate that he should be reasonable certain that the same is false; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (24) except with the prior written permission of the Commi ssioner engages in any employment or office other than in accordance with his duties as a police officer; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (25) takes any active part in any political organisation or electoral campaign or engages in any other activity which is likely to interfere with the impartial discharge of his duty as a police officer; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (26) takes part in any professional sport; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (27) becomes security for any person or engages in any loan transaction with any person without the prior written permission of the Commissioner; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (28) if called upon by the Commissioner to furnish a full and true statement of his financial position, fails to do so; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (29) fails to comply with any of the provisions of the Force Standing Orders;}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{ \fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 or \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (30) is guilty of any other act, conduct, disorder or neglect to the prejudi}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 ce of good order or discipline, \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 commits an offence against discipline for the purposes of disciplinary proceedings. \par \par }\pard\plain \s2\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \i\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Interdiction \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 19. All interdictions and the reasons therefor shall be reported in writing by the Commissioner to the Secretary of the Commission as soon as possible after the interdiction has been made. \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\i\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Interdiction of gazetted officers \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 20. A gazetted officer interdicted from duty by the Commission, or by the Commissioner where the power of interdiction has been dele gated to him, shall not be entitled to receive any salary or any amount in compensation for loss of earnings in respect of a period of interdiction unless the officer is acquitted of any charges in disciplinary or criminal proceedings arising from the cir c umstances giving rise to the interdiction, and even if the charges in any disciplinary proceedings are not laid until after the conclusion of any criminal proceedings, or unless the Commissioner otherwise directs. (Inserted by Regulations 14th July 1976*. ) \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354\charrsid12070354 * See Legal Notice No. 93 of 1976.}{\fs24\insrsid619874 \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard\plain \s2\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \i\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Letter of Warning \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 21. The Commission, the secretary or the Commissioner may, if it is considered that disciplinary proceedings are not justified in respect of any minor act of misconduct by a gazetted officer, issue a letter to such officer warning him that}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 that act of misconduct has been recorded. A copy of any such letter issued under this regulation shall be sent to the Secretary of the Commission for attaching to such officer's annual confidential report. \par \par }\pard\plain \s2\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \i\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Criminal prosecution \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 22. Subject to the provisions of regulation 23, when a preliminary investigation or an inquiry discloses that an offence against any law may have been committed by a gazetted officer, the Commissioner shall order an investigation and shall take action in accordance with the Force Standing Orders. \par \par }\pard\plain \s2\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \i\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 No disciplinary action while proceeding is pending \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 23. Where criminal proceedings are instituted against any gazetted officer, disciplinary proceedings shall not normally be taken until the conclusion of such proceedings and the determination of any appeal therefrom. }{\fs24\insrsid619874 \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard\plain \s2\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \i\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Criminal conviction of gazetted officer \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 24. Where criminal proceedings have finally concluded (including the determination of any appeal) resulting in the conviction of a gazetted officer, the Commissioner shall report the matter, together with his recommendation as to punishment, if any, to the secretary who shall forward the r eport to the Secretary of the Commission for consideration by the Commission. \par \par }\pard\plain \s2\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \i\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Disciplinary action after acquittal on criminal charge \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 25.\emdash (1) A gazetted officer acquitted of a criminal charge in any court shall not be dismissed or otherwise punished on any charge upon which he has been acquitted, but nothing in this paragraph shall prevent his being dismissed or otherwise punished on any other charge arising from his conduct in the matter, unless the charge raises substantially the same issue as that upon which he has been acquitted. \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (2) Where it is proposed to commence disciplinary proceedings against a gazetted officer who has been tried upon a criminal charge arising out of his conduct in a matter which it is proposed should be the subject of the discipl inary charges, the draft disciplinary charges shall be sent to the Solicitor-General for his advice as to whether the charges can properly be laid. \par \par }\pard\plain \s2\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \i\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Dismissal \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 26.-}{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (1) (a) Where the Commissioner considers that disciplinary proceedings for dismissal should be instituted against a gazetted officer, he shall make a report to the secretary who shall forward such report to the Secretary of the Commission in order that the Commission may decide whether or not a disciplinary inquiry is to be held. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (b) Where the C ommission decides that a disciplinary inquiry shall be held, the secretary shall forward to the officer a statement of the charge or charges framed against him, together with a brief statement of the allegations on which each charge is based. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (c) The secr etary shall also advise the officer that, if he so wishes, he may state in writing before a date to be specified (which shall allow a reasonable interval for the purpose) any grounds upon which he relies to exculpate himself. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (2)}{\fs24\insrsid12070354 \tab }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (a) Unless the statement, if any, of the officer contains an admission of the charges preferred, the secretary shall appoint a Committee of such persons as he shall specify, not being less than three in number, to inquire into the matter. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li709\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (b) A Committee appointed under sub-paragraph (a) shall have the same powers as the Commission to summon and examine any witness whose evidence may be deemed material. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li709\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (c) The Chairman of every such Committee shall be a judge, a magistrate, legal officer or some other person possessing legal qualifications. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li709\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (d) Neither the Commissioner nor any police officer shall be a member of the Committee. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li709\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (e) Where not expressly provided for under these Regulations, the procedure of the Committee in inquiring into a ny matter referred to it shall be such as the Committee may determine. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (3) The Committee shall inform the officer that on a specified day, the charges against him will be investigated by it and that he will be allowed or, if the Committee shall so determi ne, will be required, to appear before it to defend himself. \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (4) If witnesses are examined by the Committee, the officer shall be given an opportunity of being present and putting questio ns on his own behalf to the witnesses, and no documentary evidence shall be used against him unless he has previously been supplied with a copy thereof or given access thereto. \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (5) The Committee shall, in its discretion, permit the prosecuting party or the officer to be represented by a police officer, or an advocate: \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Provided that, where the Committee permits such representation to the prosecuting party, it shall permit the officer to be so represented. \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (6) If, during the course of the inquiry, grounds for framing additional charges against the officer are disclosed the Committee shall inform the secretary who shall follow the same procedure in framing the additional charges as was adopted in framing the original charges. \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (7) The Committee, having inqui red into the matter, shall forward its report thereon to the Secretary of the Commission accompanied by the record of the charges framed, the evidence led, the defence and all other proceedings relevant to the inquiry. \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (8) The Commission after considering the report of the Committee, may\emdash \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (a) if it is of the opinion that the report should be amplified in any way or that further investigation is desirable, refer the matter back to the secretary for reference to the Committee for further investigation, repo rt and later decision of the Commission; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (b) if it is of the opinion that the officer does not deserve to be dismissed, \par may impose some lesser penalty; or \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (c) decide in relation to dismissal or otherwise. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (9) The decision on each charge preferred against the officer shall be communicated to him by the Secretary of the Commission but not the reasons for the decision. \par \par }\pard\plain \s2\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \i\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Misconduct not warranting dismissal \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 27.\emdash (1) Where it is considered necessary to institute disciplinary proceedings for misconduct not warranting dismissal against a gazetted officer, the Commissioner shall make a report to the secretary, who shall forward such report to the Secretary of the Commission.}{\fs24\insrsid619874 \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354\charrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (2) If, after receiving the report specif ied in paragraph (1) or a report received under the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) of paragraph (1) of regulation 26, the Commission is of the opinion that the misconduct alleged is not serious enough to warrant proceedings for dismissal, the officer sha l l be informed by the secretary of the charges against him and the officer shall be called upon to state in writing before a day to be specified (which shall allow a reasonable interval for the purpose) his answers to the charge and anything which he desir es to urge on his own behalf in the matter. The secretary shall thereafter forward a report on the matter to the Secretary of the Commission, accompanied by the charges, the officer's reply and all other relevant documents: \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Provided that such proceedings shall be carried out in such a manner that the officer shall know the whole case against him and shall have an adequate opportunity throughout of making his defence. \par \par }\pard\plain \s2\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \i\fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Punishments \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 28. The following punishments may be ordered as the result of proceedings under this Part:\emdash }{\fs24\insrsid619874 \par }{\fs24\insrsid12070354\charrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (a) dismissal; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (b) reduction in rank; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (c) reduction in salary; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (d) stoppage of increment; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (e) deferment of increment; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (f) suspension of increment; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 (g) severe reprimand or reprimand: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12070354 {\fs24\insrsid12070354 \par }{\fs24\insrsid619874\charrsid12070354 Provided that nothing in this paragraph shall limit the power conferred upon the Commission to require a gazetted officer to retire from the public service in the public interest. \par }}