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\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Appellants \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 AND:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 MELVYN BLOOM \par YVONNE BLOOM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605\charrsid527605 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 LINLUCK NOMINEES LIMITED}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605\charrsid527605 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Respondents \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par Coram:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The Hon. Sir Timoci Tuivaga, President \par The Rt. Hon. Lord Cooke}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 of Thorndon \par The Hon. Sir Anthony Mason \par \par Hearing:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 16 March, 1998 \par \par Counsel:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Dr. M.S. Sahu Khan for the Appellants \par Mr. R.A. Smith for the Respondents \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2571200 Judgment: 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 March, 1998 \par \par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 On 5 January 1995, in an action in the High Court between Melvyn and Yvonne Bloom and Linluck Nominees Limited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 (Linluck) as plaintiffs and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Fanuza Limited (Fanuza) and Zarin Khan and Nur Ali as defendants, Scott J. gave a judgment in favour of the plaintiffs whereby he ordered - \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\wrapdefault\faauto\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 (i)\tab that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 $100,000 be paid into court pending Reserve Bank permission to pay it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 to Linluck, and \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri720\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\wrapdefault\faauto\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 (ii)\tab that Fanuza transfer 5700 ordinary shares in Linluck to Mr and Mrs Bloom to be held}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 in escrow as provided by clause 2(a)(i) of a deed dated 4 October 1991,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 pending receipt of the relevant Reserve Bank permission.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 On 15 November 1996 the Court of Appeal (Sir Moti Tikaram P., Thompson and Dillon JJ.A.) dismissed an appeal by the defendants.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 They now appeal to this Court. \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The Blooms and the Khans had been involved together in the ownership and management of two Nadi hotels, the New Westgate Hotel and the Nadi Bay Motel.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Various shares in the two companies already mentioned were owned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 individuals or by Nuvonne Hotel Limited, in which again both families had shares. \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The deed followed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 unhappy differences between the two sides}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 result}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 of which it was agreed that they would go their separate ways, the Blooms owning the Nadi Bay Motel and the Khans owning the New Westgate Hotel.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 In the action, commenced on 9 August 1993}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 and based on the deed,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the Blooms sought specific performance of Fanuza\rquote s agreement to transfer 5700 ordinary shares in Linluck to them; and Linluck sought judgment against the defendants for $100,000.}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 A s already indicated, Scott J. went as far only as ordering delivery of transfers of the shares in escrow and payment of the sum into court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The deed did provide inter alia that Fanuza would transfer to the Blooms the 5700 shares in Linluck and pay Linluck $100,000, and it included guarantees of the latter payment by the Khans. \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The limitations on the relief granted by the trial Judge reflect the sole issue on which the case has come to be fought, namely whether the defendants can defeat the claims on t he ground that performance of the obligations sued on would be illegal under the Exchange Control Act (Cap.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 211, Rev.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 1985). \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 It appears to be common ground that at all material times the Blooms, who are apparently Australian citizens, have been resident outside Fiji.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 So, by section 7 of the Act, no payment can be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 them except with the permission of the Minister (for whom the Reserve Bank is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 a delegate);}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 and, by section 11,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 transfers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 of}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 securities}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 registered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Fiji cannot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 made by or to them, or a company controlled by them,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 except}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the permission of the Minister.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The deed identified the $100,000 as additional consideration for the transfer of shares in Nuvonne by Linluck.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 This payment was an inseverable element in a scheme of share transfers requiring permission.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 In our view it required permission under section 11 or section 7 or both. \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The deed provided that all shares, share}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 transfers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 and scripts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 should}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 be}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 held in escrow pending}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 all}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 necessary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 governmental and statutory Reserve Bank approvals and consents.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The Exchange Control Act contains nothing to prevent such a contract, which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 may well be common.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Section 22(2), to which Mr Smith properly drew attention, does provide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 that for the purposes of Part IV a person shall be deemed to transfer a security if}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 he executes any instrument of transfer thereof, whether effective}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 not,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 shall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 deemed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 transfer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 at the place where he executes the instrument.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 But we read this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 directed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 to the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 place of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 a transaction; it should not be understood to prevent delivery in escrow. \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Throughout the case Mr Smith has argued that on 5 February 1993 the Reserve Bank granted formal approval of the transfer of the 5700 shares}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Blooms.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Reading together two letters written by the Bank on that day, we think that there is much to be said for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 this contention.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The last paragraph of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the first of those}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 two letters and the whole of a letter from the Reserve Bank to Westpac Banking Corporation dated 25 October 1993 appear to treat borrowing by Linluck from Westpac as a separate matter, and to attach the condition of introducing the equivalent of F$200,000 into Fiji to the borrowing approval only.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Like the Courts below, however, we express no final opinion on that point, as we consider}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 in any event that Reserve Bank approval of the transfer of the shares in Linluck was inseverably linked with the question of Reserve Bank approval of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the payment of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the $100,000 to Linluck - a question to which we are about to turn.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Moreover}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 there has}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 been no cross-appeal from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 order that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the transfer of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the Linluck shares be held in escrow. \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 As to the F$100,000, there was no dispute in the argument in this Court that permission}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 is required for payment to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Linluck.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 There}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 no clear evidence in the record that such permission has ever been given.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The Reserve Bank letters of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 February do not explicitly refer to it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Dr Sahu Khan contends that the unqualified agreement in the deed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 pay the money by instalments on or before specified dates ($32,500 on or before 24 December 1991, $32,500 on or before 24 March 1992, and $35,000 on or before 23 December 1992) was illegal and void from the start; and he contends also that the Judge had n o jurisdiction to order payment into court. \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Section 35(1) of the Exchange Control Act provides as amended - \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi720\li1440\ri1440\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \'9335.(1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 It shall be an implied condition in any contract}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 that, where, by virtue of this Act, the permission or consent of the Minister is at the t ime of the contract required for the performance of any term thereof, that term shall not be performed, except in so far as the permission or consent is given or is not required: \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri1440\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Provided}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 subsection}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 shall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 apply in so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 far as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 it is shown to be inconsistent with the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 intention}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the parties that it should apply, whether by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 reason of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 their}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 having contemplated the performance of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 term in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 despite of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the provisions of this Act or for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 any}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 other}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 reason.\'94 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 It is the specification}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 dates by the agreement which Dr Sahu Khan puts forward as showing that the implied condition is inconsistent with the intention of the parties.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 We are unable to accept this suggestion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 As Mr Smith says, commonly contracts require payments to be made at or within certain times.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The dates may be specified in the contract or there may be simply an implication of a reasonable time. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 We do not think that the mere fact that a time is expressly or impliedly fixed by the contract is enough to show an inconsistent intention bringing the proviso into play.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 If it were, the usefulness of section 35(1) would be largely destroyed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Even though a date for payment is specified in the contract, it is an implied condition under section 35(1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 that payments shall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 not be made until the Minister has given permission.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The ordinary implication that permission must be obtained within a reasonable time must also apply.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 In the present case a very long time has elapsed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 But it has been largely consumed by litigation in which the defendants have been contending that permission after the dates specified could not save the contract.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 In the light of the history, if permission to pay the $100,000 has not yet been given, we hol d that it can still be sought.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 In considering the matter the Reserve Bank would be entitled}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 take into account that there has been a long delay, and no doubt changes in the circumstances of}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the parties, for which the Blooms}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 appear not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 to have been primarily responsible. \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 With regard to payment into court, it has been argued for the defendants that, by reason of the absence of the statutory permission, there was no debt in respect of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 which the Judge could make an order.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The scheme of the legislation disposes of this argument.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The former Supreme Court (now the High Court) is the court prescribed for the purposes of paragraph 4 of the Fourth Schedule of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 the Act: Exchange Control (Prescribed Courts) Order, Legal Notice No.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 26 of 1980.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 By clause 1 of that parag raph, in any proceedings is a prescribed court, a claim for the recovery of any debt shall not be defeated by reason only of the debt not being payable without the permission of the Minister and of the permission having been given or having been revoked.} {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 T he earlier paragraphs of the Fourth Schedule contemplate orders for payment into court in such cases.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The decision of the House of Lords in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Contract and Trading Co. (Southern) Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 v }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Barbey}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 [1960] A.C. 244, on which Mr Smith relies, is precisely in point.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 That case concerned United Kingdom legislation from which the relevant provisions of the Fiji Exchange Control Act have largely been copied.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 It was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 held that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 there was a debt and the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 creditor was entitled to judgment apart from the Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 but that the debtor must bring the money into court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The position is the same here.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Dr Sahu Khan sought to distinguish }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Barbey}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 on the ground that in the present case the contractual liability was not complete apart from the Act; but it is plain that only the need to comply with the Act stood in the way of completeness.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The order for payment into court was therefore properly made. \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 It follows that the appeal must be dismissed with costs.}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The transfers remain is escrow and the $100,000 must be paid into court.}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 The question of payment out and the future of the transfers is for the High Court.}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid527605 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 We reserve leave to any party to apply to the High Court for directions in the light of the existing evidence and such evidence of the Reserve Bank\rquote s current attitude as the High Court in its discretion may allow to be given. \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Sir Timoci Tuivaga \par Lord Cooke of Thorndon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Sir Anthony Mason}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid527605 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Solicitors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 : \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14103427\charrsid527605 Sahu Khan and Sahu Khan, Ba for the Appellants \par Munro, Leys & Co, Suva for the Respondents \par }{\*\themedata 504b030414000600080000002100828abc13fa0000001c020000130000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6cac91cb6ac3301045f785fe83d0b6d8 72ba28a5d8cea249777d2cd20f18e4b12d6a8f843409c9df77ecb850ba082d74231062ce997b55ae8fe3a00e1893f354e9555e6885647de3a8abf4fbee29bbd7 2a3150038327acf409935ed7d757e5ee14302999a654e99e393c18936c8f23a4dc072479697d1c81e51a3b13c07e4087e6b628ee8cf5c4489cf1c4d075f92a0b 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