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\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781809 \fs20\lang1033\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp5129 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781809 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 Mi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 scellaneo}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 u}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 s Proceedi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 ngs Cause No. 25 of 1986}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13632807 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16411567 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 BETWEEN:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16411567 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16411567 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 MOHAMMED FARUK
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 Petitioner
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16411567 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16411567 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 AND:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16411567 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16411567 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 SHAHNAAZ BEGUM
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 Respondent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13632807 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 Mr. H. Lateef for the Petitioner.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 Mr. G.P. Lala for the Respondent.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12540359 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9466751\charrsid11732459 RULING}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13632807 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 In September }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11732459\charrsid11732459 1984,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 
 the petitioner brought an action for divorce in the Magistrate's Court at Suva (Matrimonial Cause 265/84). The respondent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6102841\charrsid11732459  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 filed an answer denying the alleged matrimonial offence, but, seeking orders for the custody and maintenance of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  }
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 herself and the children of the marriage. In an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 amended answer filed on the 20 August 1985 the respondent also prayed for an order that the petitioner settle property for the benefi}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6102841\charrsid11732459 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459  of herself and the children pursuant to Section 86(1) of the Matrimonial Causes}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 Act (Cap.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 51).
\par 
\par On the 1st August 1986 the matter came up before Mr. M.C. Rai, a magistrate. He received submissions from counsel regarding the jurisdiction of the magistrate's court to make orders under Section 86(1) where the value of the property to be }
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\cs15\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 settled is}}}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459  in excess of the ordi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
nary civil jurisdiction of that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459  court.
\par 
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The magistrate reached the conclusion that it was not the intention of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1982 (No. 6 of 1982) to give magistrate's courts extended jurisdiction in matrimonial cases to settle property irrespective of its value}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13194068\charrsid11732459 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459  He therefore,
 decided on the 2nd September 1986 to state a case for the opinion of this Court on the following question.
\par 
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"Have magistrates' courts jurisdiction under section 86 of the Matrimonial Causes Act to settle the question of a matrimonial property the value of which exceeds the amount restricted by section 16 of the Magistrates' Courts Act."
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16411567 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 
\par From a note on the record it appears that the magistrate acted under section 91(4) of the Act. The relevant subsection reads}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13194068\charrsid11732459 :}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 
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\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13194068 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 "91.-}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13194068\charrsid11732459 \tab }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7759830\charrsid11732459 (1)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13194068\charrsid11732459  \'85.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8662181\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13194068 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 (2)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8662181\charrsid11732459  \'85.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7759830\charrsid11732459 
\par (3)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8662181\charrsid11732459  \'85.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8662181 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8662181\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13180975 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 
(4) Without prejudice to the right of appeal conferred by subsection (1), a magistrate (other than the District Officer, Rotuma) may reserve for consideration by the Supreme Court, on a case to be stated by him}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9469678\charrsid11732459 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459  any question of law which may arise at the h
earing before him of proceedings under this Act, and may make a decree in such proceedings subject to the opinion of the Supreme Court; and the Supreme Court may determine any such question with or without hearing argument."
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16411567 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11732459 On the 11 August}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459  1986, the mag
istrate adjourned the proceedings sine die pending the decision of the Supreme Court on the case stated to it. On the 25 September, I expressed the view in a minute to the Chief Registrar that there was no need to adjourn the hearing of the petition as th
e opinion of this Court was required in respect of ancillary relief only and an order may be made by the magistrate subject to that opinion.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13632807 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16411567\charrsid11732459 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 Subsequently the magistrate heard the action and I am advised}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 that he found that the ground for dissolution of the marriage was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid27318\charrsid11732459  not proved and he}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7759830\charrsid11732459  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 dismissed the petition.
\par 
\par Counsel for both parties agree that section 89 of the Act precludes he magistrate from making an order under section 86 as the petition has been dismissed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7759830\charrsid11732459  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 The case stated on a matter of 
law upon which the opinion of the Court is required was properly made at the time. If the Court were to state its opinion now, it would not benefit either party. The opinion of this Court is of no value unless it is binding on inferior courts. The problem
 presented by the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8662181\charrsid11732459 case stated is that there is no }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 longer }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7759830\charrsid11732459 a l}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13632807\charrsid11732459  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 pendens.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 In }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 Tindall v. Wright}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 
 127 L.T. 149 a Divisional Court held that it would not decide an academical question, as their decision would be merely obiter,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 since the appeal must in any event, be dismissed. The judgment reads at 152}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  -}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3694251 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 "}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 Lord Hewart C.J.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13632807\charrsid11732459 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  In this case, Mr. Wootten,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459  with his usual frankness, has drawn the attention of the court to the fact that, even if we saw our way to enter upon the second question raised by the case stated, 
there is a decision, which he is not prepared to seek to distinguish, upon the first point raised by the case stated, and which}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 is conclusive against him. In these circumstances, if we were to enter upon the problem, however attractive it may}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 be, whether this carriage was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 
in fact a hackney carriage at this time within the meaning of the Finance Act 1920, we should be offering a decision, at the request of the parties, which would be essentially in the nature of an }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 obiter dictum}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 
and would not be binding upon any other court. The court does not see its way to take the course which is proposed, and I will mention only two reasons for our abstaining.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7759830\charrsid11732459  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459 No doubt it does seem a little flaw on the first view of the matters in which the parties upon the one side and u
pon the other side desire that a particular problem should be solved although the case from which it arises is disposed of in another way }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13632807\charrsid11732459 -}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15010930\charrsid11732459  that this court should refrain from entering on the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3694251\charrsid11732459  inquiry and giving a decision. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 
But in the first place the decision so given might easily lead not to enlightenment but to embarrassment for those who have to consider a similar problem afterwards. In the second place it is one of the duties of this court to set an example to inferior c
ourts. If an inferior court were to take the course which we are now being invited to take, it is not disputed that the decision of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 that court might be, and ought to}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459  be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3694251\charrsid11732459 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459  open to review, and it might well}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 be removed by }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 certiorari}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13632807\charrsid11732459  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 In those circumstances, in 
my opinion, it is not desirable, even though there may be an occasional exception to the contrary, that we should in this matter depart from what I conceive to be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 a general rule binding }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3694251\charrsid11732459 upon this court and observed by}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459  it when an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5781809\charrsid11732459 y question of this kind arises.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3694251\charrsid11732459 "
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13632807 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 It follows that if I were to express any views on the question raised by the case stated I would be going beyond my proper function and they would not}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 assist in the solution of the problem raised.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 I therefore decline to make any order.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12540359 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 (F.X. Rooney)}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13632807 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12540359\charrsid11732459 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10911735\charrsid11732459 Suva,
\par 25th September, 1987.
\par }}