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\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3411484 \fs20\lang1033\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp5129 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
\par AT LAUTOKA
\par }{\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 Civil Jurisdiction
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1663268 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3411484 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 Civil Action No. 55 of 1982
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5593803 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5593803\charrsid8287701 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3411484 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5593803\charrsid8287701 BETWEEN:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1663268 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5593803 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 SARAS WATI}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5593803\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 d/o Ram Chandra}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3411484 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2035885\charrsid8287701 Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3411484 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1663268\charrsid8287701 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3411484 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1663268\charrsid8287701 A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 ND}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1663268\charrsid8287701 :
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3411484 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1663268\charrsid8287701 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3411484 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 PARMA NAND }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2305530\charrsid8287701 alias PARMA N}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 AND MAHARAJ
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 s/o Sahadeo Prasad}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1663268\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2035885\charrsid8287701 Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1663268 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
\par Mr JR Reddy, Counsel for the Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1663268\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 Mr GP Shankar, Counsel for the Defendant
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1663268\charrsid8287701 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3411484 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1663268 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1663268\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 The plaintiff and the defendant were married from 30.5.70 to 2.12.81 when the decree nisi was granted.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 The pleadings do not dispute that when the couple were married the defendant did }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2305530\charrsid8287701 n}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 ot have any property and very little money. At least in his statement of defence the defendant admits paragraph 2 of the statement of claim which alleges that neither party had }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701 any real }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 property when they married.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
 This is rather significant because in his }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701 submissions defence counsel now seems to expect the Court to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 believe }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701 that the Vomo }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 Street}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 property was b}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 ought for $3000 from Puni Gound}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
er in 1969}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701  - that is before the marriage. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 That was because in}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 spite of what is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701 stated in}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  the pleadings the defend}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3411484\charrsid8287701 ant in evidence said he bought }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 the property at the end of 1969}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15428775\charrsid8287701 , a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
nd because Puni Gounder, who was called as a witness for the defence, also said he sold}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701  the land in 1969. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 However
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  Puni Gou}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
nder was very vague about dates, and the defendant's credibility was very suspect.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701\charrsid8287701 It was certainly true that it was not until 1974 that the defendant started to build on the land, and I was much more convinced by the plaintiff}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701\charrsid8287701 
s evidence, and believe her when she says that the Vomo Street property was not bought until after their marriage and was bought with the intention of forming a future home.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 So I believe it to be correct that when the plaintiff and defendant married on 30.5.70 they owned no real property and had little or no ready cash.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 During their marriage up until the parties divorced on 2.12.81 several properties had been acquired and put}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
 in the name of the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 defendant. None of them was in the name}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 of the plaintiff.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 When they were divorced the question of custody}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  of the children was dealt with}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5593803\charrsid8287701 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  But the matter of the division}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 of property was not }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701 gone into. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
On 9.2.82, that is after the grant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  of the decree nisi, but before }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
the decree absolute, these proceedings were commenced whereby the plaintiff claims that the defendant held or holds in trust for her a share in the various properties listed in the statement of claim.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 These proceedings were commenced separately from the divorce proceedings and were not commenced by way of a petition in accordance with section 55}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10383060\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
(c) of the Matrimonial Causes Act. They were initiated on the basis that a trust existed between the plaintiff and the defendant. There is no written or express trust so in this respect the plaintiff could o}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 nly succeed on the basis of a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 constructive or implied trust.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 It would perhaps have been wiser had the plaintiff combined these proceedings with the petition for divo
rce and for her claim to a fair share of the property to have been dealt with then in accordance with section }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 86 of the Act. Or even had she }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 asked the Court to consolidate the hearing of the two actions as was done in the case of }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 Protima Devi v Rajeshwar}{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  S}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 ingh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
 CA 332 of 1981 and Civil Appeal No. 29 of 1985. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701\charrsid8287701 
In that case there was no argument that the action with regard to the division of property was not properly brought because it was not commenced by way of petition. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701 Nor was there }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 any specific application in the Supreme}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
Court for an order under section 86 of the Matrimonial Causes Act and no reference to t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701 hat section.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701\charrsid8287701 Nevertheless}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701\charrsid8287701  in the }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701\charrsid10891464 Protima Devi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701\charrsid8287701 
 case the Court of Appeal seemed happy for it to be dealt with both on the basis of constructive trust and on the basis of section 86.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 In this case during the course of the proceedings there was an application for an amendment of the plead}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 i}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 ngs to add reference to section 86 as}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
an alternative prayer for relief and this was granted. Defence counsel has still rai
sed the question of whether that amendment was properly permitted because the proceedings were not commenced by petition as apparently required in accordance with the Matrimonial Causes Act. Clearly the fact that a late amendment was permitted cannot be c
hallenged. There is ample authority for that and there could be no question of the defendant being taken by surprise, because the various adjournments of the case gave the defence ample time to meet the new prayer.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14291942\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 As to the argument that a prayer in accordan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 ce with section 86 can only be }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 commenced by way of a petition, that was not insisted upon in the }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid10891464 Protima Devi}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  case, a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701 nd section 55}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 (3)(b) does give}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  to the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
Court power to give leave to bring such an application by some other means. The granting of leave to amend the prayers must imply leave also to seek the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 prayer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 by}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 some}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 means}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 other}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 than}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 by way}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 of}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 petition.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 In}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 so}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 far}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 as the proceedings were not commenced in accordance with the Matrimonial Causes Rules rule 227 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
provides for any want of form. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 And this }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 accords with O}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 .2 rul}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 e 1 of the Supreme Court Rules. So}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
 that in so far as the prayer asks for a declaration of trust, or}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  constructive trust that may be }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 dealt}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  with}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  accordance }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 with}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 principles}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 set out}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 in}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10891464 Pettit}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 v Pettit}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid10891464  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 (1970) AC 777, and }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 Gissing v Gissing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  (1971) AC 886 and as followed in }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 Hayward v Giordani}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid10891464  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
(1983) NZLR 140. In so far as the prayer asks for a fair division of property under the Matrimonial Causes }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4465155\charrsid8287701 Act, that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
 may be dealt with in accordance with the decision in the }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid10891464 Protima Devi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  case.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 The factual evidence on which the court is expected to estimate what the plaintiff's share should be - if any - has been minimal and in general has been most confusing. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701\charrsid8287701 Clearly}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8287701\charrsid8287701 
 the plaintiff has not been in a position to give many of the details. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 The defen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 dant, who should }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 have been able to give them, has not done so, or has produced a bare minimum to support what he has said. So if I err on the side of the plaintiff the defendant has only himself}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  to blame. Even the witnesses h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 e called were lacking in credibility and unable to produce any supporting evidence.

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 As I hav
e said the defendant's evidence is very suspect. He has revealed only those bits of evidence which he thinks might help his case, and those only at the last moment when it was clear that his failure to disclose anything was going to tell heavily against h
im. He has prevaricated}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
and suffered convenient lapses of memory and where his evidence conflicts with that of the plaintiff, I have}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  no hesitation in accepting her }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 evidence rather than his.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 And I }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 start with}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 basic}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 premise}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 that when the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 parties}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
married the defendant had no property and virtually no money and that by the time they divorced he had in his name, or had had in his name several properties. Throughout the marriage, except for a short period after the birth of the children, the plaintif
f worked, and contributed largely to the household expenses and made contributions to assist t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 he defendant in his property de}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 alings. The marriage had bad patches as do most marriages, but I am satisfied that apart from that the plaintiff was a good wife, lo
oking after the house and children and helping her husband as far as she could, and was not the pleasure-seeker that the defendant would have me believe. So far as there is a conflict between the evidence of the plaintiff and the evidence of the defendant
, accept the plaintiff's version. So far as the defendant purports to give evidence of matter not known}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 to the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5584908\charrsid8287701 plaintiff,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 consider him so lacking in credibility,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
so clearly untruthful that I can only attach any weight to what he says in so far as he c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 an produce independent evidence.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
\par 
\par I will deal first with the Vomo Street property. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5584908 Although, as}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5584908\charrsid8287701 
 I have said, in his pleadings the defendant admitted that he owned no property when the parties married, he gave evidence that he had bought the Vomo Street property in 1969 - a year before the marriage. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
He called the man he bought the property from, Puni Gounder, to support him in this, but Puni Gounder was so vague as to dates that I could attach no weight to his evidence. If the purchase took place in 1969 it is surprising that the defendant could no}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 t produce some written evidence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  of this.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14838117\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 So with regard to the Vomo Street property}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
 accept the plaintiff's evid}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14838117\charrsid8287701 ence as to how and when it was }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 acquired rather than the defendant's}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 version of events.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 According to the plaintiff after a brief separation and reconciliation in 1973 the defendant took }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 her to }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 see a piece of land and said they would build their house there - their first house. That was before it was bought f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
rom Puni Gounder for $3000. She}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  said it was agreed then that it would be in both their}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 names}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 . }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
She contributed $600-700 cash towards the purchase price and it was agreed that the defendant would use his savings also towards the purchase, and she would use the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  m}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 oney she was then earning towards keeping the house going.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5584908\charrsid8287701 However,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  in the end the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
property was put in the name of the defendant only.
\par 
\par Towards the end of 1974 building started and was completed in 4-5 months, using direct labour, and they moved into the house in 1975. Two of the children were born in th
e house. So far as the Vomo Street property is concerned there is no question that it was acquired as a join}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 t property and that the parties }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 had or have an equal interest in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid86195\charrsid8287701  it}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 .
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 In 1981 the defendant sold the Vom}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 o Street property for $41,000. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 Of this sum $10,000 had to be repaid to the bank leaving him in possession of a sum of $31,000, half }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 o}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 f which must be considered to have been }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 on trust for the plaintiff.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
\par 
\par The second property was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  acquired by the defendant in 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 977, that is the property at Korotogo which 
he bought from Lat}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid920053\charrsid8287701 c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
hmi Chettiar for $20,000. The plaintiff, whose evidence I accept, said they discussed the purchase of this property which was to be rented out. The plaintiff says she contributed a total of
 $300-400 towards the initial deposit for this purchase, the rest of the, money being obtained on loan by the defendant. She says she also contributed $500-700 worth of furniture to it. Meanwhile the plaintiff continued with her contributions to the house
hold expenses leaving the defendant free to make his various land deals on their behalf.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 The property was sold by the defendant }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid920053\charrsid8287701 in 1982 for $27,000 leaving him}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 , after repayment of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7560016\charrsid8287701  loans with a profit of $7,000.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 In the meantime it had been let, though the plaintif}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 f saw nothing of the rentals. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 They were }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
all collected by the defendant. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 He says he spent money on the property (he first of all said he spent $3000 on it, but later in cross}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1663268\charrsid8287701 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 examination reduced the figure to $2000) and he even said he had lost some money on it, but he was not able in }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 any way to substantiate what he }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 said. Givin}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
g him the benefit }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 of every doubt and allowing a possible}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 expenditure of about $1,500 by the defendant on the property that would still leave a profit to him of $5,500 plus any}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 rentals received half of which he must be considered to have held in trust for the plaintiff. For this }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5584908\charrsid8287701 property,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  I consider that a figure of $3000 held by him on trust for the plaintiff is of unreasonable.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 In }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5584908\charrsid8287701 1977,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
 the defendant also bought another property in Korotogo from}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418972\charrsid8287701 M}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 aan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 Si}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13964998\charrsid8287701 ngh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  Th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 cost a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 total}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 of $35,000.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 Half of the land he}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 sold for $17,000 and the remaining }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13964998\charrsid8287701 \'bc }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 acre}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
 which had a house on it, he retained. This was rented out from 1979}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2626643\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 -}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2626643\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 1983 for $150 per mon
th, and then from 1986 for $200 per month. The house itself is said to be worth $12,000, and in fact the defendant himself says that the house and land he retained is now worth $30,000}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4402177\charrsid8287701  
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4402177\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 $35,000 on whic}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 h he says he still owes $18,000}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 . This shows an appreciation of $12,000}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2626643\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2626643\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 $17,000 plus rent received by the defendant worth at least $9,000.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 The plaintiff says that the purchase was discussed between the two of them and the defendant's mother, and she believes the mother contributed $5,000}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12400947\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12400947\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 6,000 of the purchase price, part by the defendant, the rest presumably being by way of loan from the bank.
\par 
\par The}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 defendant now}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 says}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 his}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 father}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 and mother}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 and}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 brother}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 contributed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
to the purchase and he now says it was to be in trust for himself}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 and}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 his brother and sisters. But there i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
s only the defendant's word for}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  all of this, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 there is no trust deed, he }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 has nothing to show where any of the money came from. It is extraordinary considering all the transactions the defendant involved himself in, that he has not been able to su
pport anything he has said about money lent or borrowed with satisfactory documentary evidence. What evidence he has produced carne only at the last minute when it must have been obvious that his word and his vague recollections were not going to be accep
ted. Only whilst }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid726660\charrsid8287701 he was giving evidence did his }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 assertion come in that }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid726660\charrsid8287701 he}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
 owned the property jointly with his mother and that he was holding it in trust for his brother and sisters. The trouble is that it is just not possible to give }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6958198\charrsid8287701 any }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid726660\charrsid8287701 credence to what the defendant has said unless it has been supported in some way by independent evidence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
\par 
\par I believe and accept that the property was bought as a joint property for the plaintiff and defendant and his mother (which is what the plaintiff }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid726660\charrsid8287701 said) the plaintiff sharing }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
qually with the defendant and as near as I can assess it, taking into account what was paid, what is still owed, the rent that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701 t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 he defendant received and what the property is worth today, that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 plaintiff's}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 interest}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid726660\charrsid8287701 Maan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 Singh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 property}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 one}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1663268\charrsid8287701 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 quarter of $21,000, that is $5,250.
\par 
\par The last property i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 s the Morris Hedstrom property. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701 The land was bought}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  in 1977 for $8,600. The plaintiff says that she contributed $700 from}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 her provident fund moneys towards the deposit and the rest being raised by
 the defendant or by mortgages and by loan from the bank. She says construction of the house on the plot started in 1980 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8788180\charrsid8287701 just as the marriage started to}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  fall apart. She says she contributed small amounts towards the purchase of building materials from time to time. According to }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5584908\charrsid8287701 her,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701  the house on the land was almost }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
half completed when the marriag}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 e broke up. The house was eventually completed and the defendant now lives in it with his presen}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 t wife and children. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 He himself values the property at $80,000, alth
ough he also says that the land cost him $8,600 and the building cost him $78,000, making a total of $86,600 of which he still owes $15,000. That is clearly untrue. It is a substantial house on freehold land, and it is almost unheard of for the property t
o be worth less than was actually spent on building it and buying the land. And just to show }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
ow unreliable the defendant's figures are, earlier when giving evidence he said that the cost of building the house plus the cost of the land was $60,000. And before that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 h}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 e said it cost him $60,000 to build the house and that he still owed $20,000 on it.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5584908\charrsid8287701 Obviously}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5584908 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5584908\charrsid8287701 
 the Court will have to make such estimates as it can on the limited evidence available to it. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 The land cost $8,600 and if the building cost $78,000 to 
build as the defendant said, it must be worth at least $90,000, and if $15,000 is still owing on it then the valu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 e will be reduced to $75,000.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 What the defendant has clearly been doing is using the procee
ds from one property deal to finance the next deal (not to mention his dealings in cars and other enterprises) and for this purpose he has utilised the plaintiff's shares in the properties without accounting to her in any way. So apart from the plaintiff'
s third share in the Korotogo property which the defendant still owns, she must be deemed to have a half share in the MH property.
\par 
\par In monetary terms therefore the plaintiff's interest in the two properties must be one quarter of the $21,000 for the Korotogo property or $5,250, a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 nd half of $75,000, the current }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 value of the MH property, or $37,500, the total being $42,750, and in the very least the defendant must, be considered to be holding the properties in trust }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10948851\charrsid8287701 f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 or the plaintiff to the extent of $42,500. This will be in effect the judgment of the Court.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9068206\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 The plaintiff had asked for an order of account, but I can see no merit}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10948851\charrsid8287701 in this, even if it could now be complied with. She also asked for }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 an order of sale of the remaining properties, presu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 mably so that she could be paid }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 her share of the pr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 oceeds. But this should not be }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 necessary, given some accommodation between the parties. If the defendant could pay that sum to the p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1197459\charrsid8287701 
laintiff so much the better, but }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 if not then it}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 is possible that one }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14169088\charrsid8287701 or }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid207275\charrsid8287701 other}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14169088\charrsid8287701  of the properties could be transferred }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 to the plaintiff on }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14169088\charrsid8287701 trust for herself }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4149160\charrsid8287701 and the child of the marriage }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 now living with her, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4149160\charrsid8287701 accompanied by an appropriate capital adjustment }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid139883\charrsid8287701 to keep her int}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 erest }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12662973\charrsid8287701 to the level of $42,5}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4149160\charrsid8287701 00. I would suggest that the par
ties come up with a proposal within the next 14 days as to how this is to be done, (for instance the plaintiff may be content with the transfer of the Korotogo property to her, together with an appropriate capital sum) failing wh}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15032742\charrsid8287701 ich}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4149160\charrsid8287701  there will be an order 
for sale and the payment of $42, 500 from the proceeds to the plaintiff. The plaintiff is to have the cost of this action, to be taxed if not agreed.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3411484 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11103390\charrsid8287701 G.O.L. Dyke
\par Judge
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3090792 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3090792\charrsid8287701 21 August 1987}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3090792\charrsid8287701 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4149160 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4149160\charrsid8287701 Lautoka
\par }}