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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 Style 1;}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid3495\rsid222531\rsid1079178\rsid2779360\rsid3551326\rsid3819505\rsid4006547\rsid4334093\rsid4404466\rsid4616929\rsid4874837\rsid5138006\rsid5252035 \rsid5468095\rsid5648797\rsid6111253\rsid6317166\rsid6909833\rsid8074367\rsid9530282\rsid9647071\rsid10164556\rsid12002543\rsid13304312\rsid13705887\rsid14179658\rsid14961256\rsid15214651\rsid15431350\rsid15670230\rsid15748084\rsid16516112} {\*\generator Microsoft Word 10.0.6850;}{\info{\title IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI (WESTERN DIVISION)}{\author Sam_I}{\operator maltungtung_l}{\creatim\yr2009\mo1\dy28\hr15\min4}{\revtim\yr2009\mo3\dy27\hr14\min15}{\version9}{\edmins112}{\nofpages3} {\nofwords1489}{\nofchars8490}{\*\company USP, Emalus Campus}{\nofcharsws9960}{\vern16393}{\*\password 00000000}}{\*\xmlnstbl }\paperw11678\paperh16598\margl0\margr0\margt0\margb0\gutter0 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\grfdocevents0\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\subfontbysize\hyphcaps0\formshade\horzdoc\dghspace120\dgvspace120\dghorigin1701\dgvorigin1984\dghshow0\dgvshow3 \jcompress\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\nolnhtadjtbl\rsidroot14179658 \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 013f}\sectd \linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid15748084\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2 \pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253\charrsid6111253 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3551326 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253\charrsid6111253 (WESTERN DIVISION) \par AT LAUTOKA}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid6111253 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3551326 CIVIL JURISDICTION}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid3551326 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253 Acti}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 on }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253 No}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4006547 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253 323of 197}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 2}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253 BETWEEN}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253\charrsid6111253 TOTA RAM}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid222531 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253 s/o Ram}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3551326 Dayal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253 AND}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253\charrsid6111253 DUKHI PRASAD}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid222531 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253 s/o Ram }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3551326 Garib}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253\charrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253 Mr. Pillay for Mr. Ramrak}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 ha, Counsel for the Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253 \par Mr. S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ahu Khan, Counsel for the Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253\charrsid6111253 JUDGMENT}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid6111253 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111253 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111253\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5138006 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 The p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 laintiff claims the sum of $11,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 990.00 from th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 e defendant in respect of an amount due and owing under an agreement entered into between the plai}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 ntiff and the defendant dated 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 7/4/70.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093\charrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 The plaintiff and defendant were par}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 tners in a m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ining venture in respect of which a prospect}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4006547 ing licence had been granted by}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 the Director of M}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 ines, both parties having a 50%}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 interest in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 the partnership. Under the agreement the plaintiff purported to sell his share in the partnership to the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 defendant for the price of } {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 $12,000, of which the sum}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 of $10 was to be paid upon the execution of the agreement.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093\charrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 The only evidence given wa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 s by the plaintiff and his wi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 tnesses and the defence rested entirely on legal argument}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 that the agreement was null and void by v}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 irtue of the provisions of the M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ining Ordinance (Cap.125). The counterclaim by the defendant alleged that he had paid }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 a further $1,000 on account, and that this sum should be returned to him since the agreement w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 as null and void. The plaintiff}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 has admitted receiving this sum from}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 the defendant on }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 account so to that extent the p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 laintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4006547 s claim }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 will be reduced.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093\charrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 As a result of previous proceedings judgment was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 given for the plaintiff in default of appearance, and bankruptcy proceedings started against the defendant. \par \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093\charrsid5138006 This judgment was later }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 set aside, so that t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 he bankruptcy}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 rocee}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 din}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 gs}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4006547 had}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 to be terminated. By consent copy of an agre}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 e}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 me}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 n}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 t between the parties was prod}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 uced, dated 17/4/70}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 . This was drawn up by and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 signed by both parties i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 n the presence }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4006547 of a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4334093 solicitor acti ng for both of them. It purports to be effective immediately, though}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 I notice that stamp duty}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 was not paid until 27/4/70. \par \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 At the top right hand cover there}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 is writing purporting}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 to show the}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 approval of the Director of Lands dated 22/4/70}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 . A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 lso}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 by}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 consent was submitted an applicat}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ion for approval of a dealing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 in a}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 mining tenement,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 relating to the trans}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 fer, (and with a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 copy}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 of the agreeme}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 nt}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 annexed) dated and signe}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 d by both parties}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 their solicitor, on 17/4/70, the fees for which were paid on}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 20/4/70. The application was approved by the Director of M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ines}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 on}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 22/4/70, and the approval states }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5648797 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 The instrument of transfer shall }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 be properly stamped and returned to me}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 within 30 days notice }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 from the date of this notice }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 of ap}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 proval, by the person in whose favour it is drawn, for reg}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 stration, together with the prescribed registration }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 fee.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5138006 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651\charrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 These instructions were clearly}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 complied with, stamp duty of \'a360 w}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 s pa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 id on 27/4/70 and a }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 transfer of a m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ining tenement transferring the plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 s interest in th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 e prospecting licence to the defendant wa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 s approved by the Director of Mines on 29/4/70}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 and registered the sam}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 e day.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651\charrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 The prospect}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15214651 ing licence itself shows that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 the plaintiff}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4006547 interest}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 was transferred to the defendant on 29/4/70}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 d it shows }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 that the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 licenc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 e was subsequently renewed from}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 year to year,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404466 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 presum}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ably by the defendant, up till 31/10/75, and an }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 area covered by the licence was even varied on 17/8}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 /70. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 In fact, the defendant entered into another }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 agreement on 5/10/70 to transfer a half share in the licence to one Shiu Ram, although} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 there is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 no evidence that this was proceeded with.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 \par \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 The argument of counsel f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 or the defendant is quite simp}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ly}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 that the ag}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 reement between the plaintiff a}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 nd the defendant was null}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 void because of the provisions of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 section 46(1) of the A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ct which}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 are as follows}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1079178 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 - \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9647071 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 The holder of a mining tenement o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 r of any interest therein shall}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 not transfer or otherwise d}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 al in his right or interest, or an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 y part or share thereof in any }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9647071 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 nner whatsoe ver without first obtaining the approval in writing of the Director and no evidence of any such dealing shall be admissible in any court unless such prior approval has been obtained.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5138006 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404466 It should perhaps}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 be noted that t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404466 he provision does }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1079178 not }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404466 say that any s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 uch dealing shall}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 be null }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 n}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 d}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 void, which is significant because section 46(2) does provide an example where}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1079178 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 such words ar}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 e used - i.e. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16516112 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 Every dealing in a mining tenement or interest therein shall be in writing and shall state the full and true consideration passing between the partie}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 s}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 thereto}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404466 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 otherwise the dealing shall be null and void.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16516112 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5138006 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 There is no doub}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 t}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6317166 that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16516112 before the plaintiff and defendant signed the agreement on 17/4/70 they had not got prior approval in writing from the Director of Mines. But what is equally clear i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 s that this was not a case where they were going ahea}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 d r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 egardless of what the Director m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ight later say. Th}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 e same day they sought approval for the transfer of the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 s rights,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 and complied with all the necessary formalities. The necessary approval was granted by the Director within a few days}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6317166 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1079178 and there has never been }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 any compl}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 aint by the Director t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 hat they had acted before getting his approval. Indeed common sense would suggest that some sort of negotiation or dealing would always be necessary before the Director was brought into the picture and tha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 t i}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 t would assist the Director to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 know }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 the terms of any agreem}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 reached, and it seems to me that whether or not words such as }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 subject to approval of the Director of Mines being given}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 were}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ad}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 ded to the agreement the position with re}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 gard}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 to the application of section}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 46(1) of the Ordinance is }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6317166 the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 me. }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 It }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 would appear that the pla}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 intiff }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13304312 paid $10 to the defenda}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2779360 nt under the terms of the agreement, but other t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4874837 han that nothing}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2779360 further was do}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ne until the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2779360 a}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2779360 proval of the Director was obta}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ined.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2779360\charrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 The plaintiff, in answer to the defe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 nd}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 ant}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 s argument, refers to the case of }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282\charrsid5648797 Harnam Singh and Ba}{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5648797 kshish}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282\charrsid5648797 Singh v}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5648797 }{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282\charrsid5648797 Bawa Singh}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282\charrsid9530282 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282\charrsid5648797 6}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5648797 FLR 31}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 , where a similar situation existed but where the w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ords} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 of the statute were}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 in stronger term}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 s than in the present case i.e. }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 All instrume}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 nts pu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 rporting to transfer, charge or encumber any native land or any estate}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 therein to which the consent o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 f the Board has not been first given shall be null and void.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 In }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 the judgment of the Court of Appe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 a}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 l It wa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 s said }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1079178 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1079178\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5252035 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 The a}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 gre}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 ement in my opinion has create}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 d no}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530282 illegality at all. It is a necessa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252035 ry prelim}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 inary i}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252035 n obtaining the essential consent before the land is actually disposed of.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5252035 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252035\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5138006 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252035 And late}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 r after hav}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6317166 ing set out t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252035 he terms of the sta}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 tute quoted}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6317166 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252035 above}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 the court went on - \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6317166 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556\charrsid4616929 That}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252035\charrsid4616929 section is clea}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid4616929 r }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252035\charrsid4616929 and unambiguous and needs no further comment as}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid4616929 to its effect. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252035\charrsid4616929 It also supports my opinion that, under section 12, such an instrument is merely inoperative until consent is given and is not null and void. I cannot accept as serious, the suggestion that det ails of an oral arrangement can be orally related, or incorporated in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid4616929 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252035\charrsid4616929 a letter to the Board which wo}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid4616929 uld th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252035\charrsid4616929 en consider whether or not to consent. There clearly must at least be something i}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12002543\charrsid4616929 n the nature of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid4616929 document}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6317166 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12002543\charrsid4616929 wh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid4616929 ich, si}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12002543\charrsid4616929 gned by the parties, sets out in su fficient detail the terms of the proposed dealing.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12002543 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5138006 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12002543 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3495 I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 would }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15670230 also refer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367 to the case of }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367\charrsid15670230 Kulamma v Manadan}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367\charrsid3495 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367\charrsid15670230 (1968) 2 WLR 1074}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367 a case of the Judicial Committee where}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 the cou}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367 rt was equally reluctant to give a strict interpretation to a s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367 mi}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 l}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367 ar pro}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 vision in the Native Land Trust Ordinance.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367\charrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367 The defendant has referred to a number of cases in support of his argument that the agreement w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 a}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367 s unlawful, and null and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 void.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367\charrsid5138006 \par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14961256\charrsid15670230 Chalmers v Pardoe}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14961256 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14961256\charrsid15670230 [1963]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367\charrsid15670230 3 AER}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid15670230 552,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15670230 w}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ich refers to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3495 Harnam Singh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 's case -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3495 and inc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367 identally, appears to approve it on its facts, - but which o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 n its own }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367 facts, beca}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367\charrsid5138006 use}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367 there had been not mere}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ly}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8074367 an agreement,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556 but full performance without consent, was}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 decided the othe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556 r wa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 y.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556\charrsid5138006 \par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556\charrsid15670230 Curragh lnvestments Ltd. v Cook}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556\charrsid10164556 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14961256\charrsid15670230 [ }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556\charrsid15670230 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid15670230 974}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14961256\charrsid15670230 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556\charrsid15670230 3 AER 658}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556 which doe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 s not ap}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556 pear to be of much assistance to the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556\charrsid5138006 \par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556\charrsid15670230 Denning v Edwar}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14961256\charrsid15670230 ds}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14961256 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14961256\charrsid15670230 [19}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid15670230 60}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14961256\charrsid15670230 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556\charrsid15670230 3 WLR 801}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556 seems if anything to favour the plaintiff. Part of the case concerned the prior}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 approval}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556 of the Governor to dealing with land in part of Kenya and at p.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15670230 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556 806 of the judgment of the Judic}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3495 ial Committee Viscount Simonds s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 aid -}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10164556\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5468095 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14961256 It has been argued t}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929 hat the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14961256 consent of the Governor must be obtained before the agreeme}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 nt,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3495 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15670230 i.e. to sell}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14961256 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 is entere}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 d into and that subsequ}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 ent consent is insufficient. Some form of agreement is inescapably necessary before the Governor is approached for his consent. Otherwise negotiation would be impossible. Successful negotiation ends with an agreement to which the consent}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 of the Gov}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 ernor cannot be obtained before it is reached. Their Lordships are of the opi}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 nion}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 that there was nothing contrary to 1aw in entering into }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15670230 a }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 written agreeme}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 nt }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 before the Governor}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 s consent was obtained. The 1egal consequence was that the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 ag}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 reement was inchoate }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6909833 till that consent }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 was obtained. Af}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 er}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 it was obtained the agreement it w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929 as complete and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 completely effective}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 .}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5648797 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5138006 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 It is true that in that case the agreement had a provision making it subject to the necessary consent being obtained}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15670230 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15670230 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5468095 unlike t he present case, but the decision in the case does not seem to turn upon that fact, although it perhaps helped the Court to come to its decision. \par \par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929\charrsid15670230 Ramkhelawan v Mehanlal}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929\charrsid4616929 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929\charrsid15670230 4 FLR 37.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929 In that case, the necessary consent was never obtained and so the transaction was never effective or lawful.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929 \par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929\charrsid15670230 Ramdin v Pyara Singh}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929\charrsid4616929 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929\charrsid15670230 Criminal Appeal No. 13 of 1977}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929 is another case, like }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929\charrsid15670230 Chalmers v Pardoe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929 , where the parties had gone ahead regardless of the necessary consent so}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13705887 that the whole transaction beca}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929 me an unlawful one, and the parties could not recover on the strength of an agreement tainted with illegality. That is not the case here since it is clear the agreement was entered into and reduced to writ ing so it could be immediately submitted to the Director for his approval (as it was so submitted and was approved). \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3819505 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929 In the event I find for the plaintiff and give judgment for him for the sum of $10,990}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3819505 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929 and costs.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929\charrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4616929 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006 \par }\pard \ql \li4320\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid4616929 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3819505 (S}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929\charrsid4616929 gd.) G.O.L. Dyke \par }\pard \ql \li5040\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid4616929 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929\charrsid4616929 JUDGE \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5138006 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3819505 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3819505\charrsid3819505 LAUTOKA,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5138006\charrsid3819505 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929\charrsid3819505 27th July, 1979. \par \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3819505 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15431350 c.c. Messrs. Ramrakhas & Co., Solicitors, Suva for the Plaintiff}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4616929 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3819505 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15431350 Messrs. Sahu Khan & Sahu Khan, Solicitors, Ba for the Defendant}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15431350\charrsid4616929 \par }}