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\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884\charrsid3032884 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
\par (WESTERN DIVISION)
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1994380 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884\charrsid3032884 AT LAUTOKA}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3032884 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 CIVIL JURISDICTION}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884\charrsid1994380 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1994380 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3032884 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884\charrsid1994380 Action No. 164 of 1976
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9983937 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884\charrsid3032884 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3032884 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 BETWEEN}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9983937 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3032884 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884\charrsid3032884 KAPUR SINGH}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15684990  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884 s/o Mela Singh
\par Plaintiff
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9983937 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3032884 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884 AND
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9983937 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3032884 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884\charrsid3032884 SUBRAN SINGH}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15684990  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884 s/o Chain Singh
\par Defendant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4460957 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884 
\par Mr. S.M. Koya, Counsel for the plaintiff
\par Mr. R.D. Patel, Counsel for the defendant
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3032884 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884\charrsid3032884 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14486526 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3032884 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14486526 The defendant as tenant occupies land covered by lease No. 61206 which comprises two separate lots Nos. 10 and 13 which were created when a large holding was sub-divided into smaller lots.
\par 
\par Lot 10 is 2 roods 30 perches and lot 13 is 5 acres 1 rood 10 perches. The total area covered by the lease is therefore 6 acres and 9 perches.
\par 
\par He acquired his lease 61206}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380  from the owner Mrs. Watson for}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14486526  21 years from 31/12/52.
\par 
\par On 17.3.64 Mrs. Watson sold her interest in the land to the plaintiff who thus became the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14486526 s landlord under the lease 61206.
\par 
\par The Ag}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747119 riculture Tribunal on 18/11/76 extended the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3747119 
s tenancy which includes lots 10 and 13 for 10 years in application N.D. 12/1973 and the order for extension was upheld on 4.5.77 by the Central Agricultural Tribunal in App. 6/76.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14486526 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3286590 
\par Shortly before the Agricultural Tribunal delivered }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11869258 its judgment of 18/11/76, the plaintiff filed this action in the Supreme Court on 3.8.76 claiming possession on the ground}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6977029  that the lease 61206 was terminated on 31/12/73. The action was brought under the L.T.A. 1971, S.169.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3286590 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6977029 
\par A Statement of Claim was filed on 27.10.76 and an amended Statement of Claim was filed on 28.8.78 which only }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9454932 
seeks to recover lot 10, which measures 2 roods 29 perches. Para 22 thereof alleges that since the A.L.T.O., Cap.242, only applies to areas of less than 2\'bd acres and that in any event since lot 10 is not agricultural land within the me
aning of A.L.T.O it is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9109972  not protected by the Ordinance.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6977029 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2053501 
\par For those allegations to be maintained it has to be shown that lo
t 10 can be uplifted or severed from the lease No. 61206. In other words that although A.L.T.O applies to lot 13 it does not apply to lot 10 and that a renewal of lease 61206 cannot extend to lot 10.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3628273 
\par At the hearing Mr. R.D Patel for the Defendant raised the issue of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3628273 res judicata}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3628273  based on the decisions of the Agricultural Tribunal as upheld by the Central Tribunal but he had not pleaded these matters. He was, by consent, given}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15082911  leave to file an amended defence raising estoppel and the plaintiff replied thereto.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3628273 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12731382 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9527271 Mr. Koya for the plaintiff is support of his contention that the plots 10 & 13 are severable referred to the definition of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9527271 agricultural}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9527271  holding in S.2 of A.L.T.O. whi}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 ch describes it as -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9527271 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9527271 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7276692 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9527271  parcel of agricultural land to which the provisions of this ordinance apply}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9527271 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9527271 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9527271 
\par and agricultural land is defined as land, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9527271 together with buildings thereon}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9527271 , used predominantly for growing crops and listing other agricultural uses.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 S. 3}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7276692 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9527271 1) of the Ordinance says it applies to all agricultural land but does not app
ly to agricultural holdings of less than 2\'bd acres.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16471016 
\par Mr.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16471016 Koya}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16471016 
s contention appears to be that although a lease can consist of any number of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16471016 parcels}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16471016  any parcel which is less than 2\'bd acres must be lifted out of the lease when the tenant applies to the Agricultural Tribunal for an extension}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6126509 
. That argument is based on an acceptance that the expression }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6126509 agricultural holding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6126509  is synonymous with the expression }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6126509 parcel}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16471016 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6126509 
\par Those arguments were raised by the landlord before the Agricultural Tribunal in proceedings No.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6126509 
W.D. 12/73. On 18/11/76 the Tribunal gave its decision and took the view that the two portions of land lots 10 & 13 were let under one lease and therefore formed one }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6126509 agricultural holdings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6126509  The tenant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6126509 s term was extended in respect of the entire lease i.e. both lots.
\par 
\par When the landlord appealed the Central Tri}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6768384 bunal came to the same decision as the Tribunal in regard to lot 10 holding that it mattered not whether the lots were sepa}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11762355 rate or adjacent }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5638289 and stating that the two lots should be treated as one unit because they were held under one lease.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6126509 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5638289 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14620342 It is precisely this issue which is again raised in the present action. It }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7366556 has been determin}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12846941 ed by the Agricultural Tribunal,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7366556 
 and Mr. R.D. Patel, for the tenant, claims that the issue cannot be raised again because it has been judicially decided.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5638289 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7366556 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9507379\charrsid2783322 Mr.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12846941\charrsid2783322  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9507379\charrsid2783322 
Koya argues that the issue is not the same; that in the proceedings before the Tribunal the tenant was claiming under A.L.T.O., a renewal of his lease, which includes lot 10, but in this action}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10634661\charrsid2783322  the landlord is seeking the tenant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380\charrsid2783322 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10634661\charrsid2783322 
s eviction from lot 10 under a different ordinance namely, the L.T.A 1971. It matters not, in my }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6244812\charrsid2783322 view,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10634661\charrsid2783322 
 that the proceedings before the different tribunals arose under different Ordinance, because }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4794659\charrsid2783322 as I see it, the object is the s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10634661\charrsid2783322 ame. The tenant wanted a renewal of his lease which includes lot 10. Had this been refused by the Agricultural Tribunal, or if the lease had been renewed but lot 10 had been }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6244812\charrsid2783322 excluded,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10634661\charrsid2783322  the present action would }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1257761\charrsid2783322 have}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10634661\charrsid2783322  been superfluous}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1257761\charrsid2783322 
 because the tenant would not have been entitled to remain in occupation of lot 10. I can only evict the tenant from lot 10 in these proceedings if he shows no right to be in possession. But the Agricultural Tribunal has continued his right to possession}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831277\charrsid2783322  by renewing his lease for 10 years. The present action asks me, in effect, to declare that the tribunal erred in re-newing the tenant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380\charrsid2783322 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831277\charrsid2783322 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650918\charrsid2783322  lease, i}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831277\charrsid2783322 n so far as it relates to lot 10, by asking the Supreme Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831277  to order the tenant to give up possession.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7366556 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4483136 
\par Mr.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2783322  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4483136 Koya argued that it was upon the tenant, who relies upon }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4483136 res judicata}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4483136  to show that the decision to renew the tenant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4483136 s lease }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4483136 in toto}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4483136  was made by a tribunal 
which had jurisdiction. It has not been suggested that it was argued before the Tribunal that the Tribunal did not have jurisdiction or that this point was taken in the course of the landlord}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4483136 s appeal before the Central Tribunal. Neither of those Tribunals was asked to state a case for the opinion}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid469102 
 of the Supreme Court or the Fiji Court of Appeal. If the Tribunals did not have jurisdiction then this is not the kind of proceeding in which I can d
eclare that there was an absence of jurisdiction. Both tribunals purported to act within their powers and the parties submitted to their authority and jurisdiction.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4483136 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15934468 
\par I was referred to a number of decisions by Mr. Koya to show that there was an absence of j
urisdiction in the Tribunal. Those were decisions which had arisen on cases stated or in the course of certiorari proceedings the purpose of which was to review the judicial powers of the lower-tribunals. Consequently those decisions could have no applica
tion to the instant proceedings. He submitted that the decision of the Agricultural Tribunal was a nullity and that it did not exist.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16062055  I would say with respect that}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13856344  the decision was arrived at}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16062055  following argument on both sides from counsel. In fact Mr. Koya c
omplained that the arguments of counsel as to whether lot 10 could be lifted out of the lease and be ignored in a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13856344 n}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16062055 
 application to re-new the lease of both lots had been dealt with extremely briefly and casually by the Agriculture Tribunal. In the circumstances one can scarcely say that it was a nullity or that it did not exist.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15934468 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14776479 
\par In my opinion it is the decision of a lawfully appointed Tribunal arrived at in the course of proceedings which were properly instituted before it. Until that decision is set aside 
it is binding upon the parties and presumed to be lawful and enforceable. There is no Court of law which has power to ignore }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6039961 it but that is not the same as }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14776479 saying}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10771456  the decision cannot be set aside by a supervising court, if there are grounds for so doing, provided the proper procedure is adopted.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14776479 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10771456 
\par The plea of res judicata was properl}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13856344 y, if some what tordily, raised.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10771456 
\par 
\par Should }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13856344 I }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10771456 be in error in so deciding I will deal with the pleadings as if the estoppel had not been argued.
\par 
\par Vol.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13856344  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10771456 IV Stroud, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13856344 p.1923}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2980659 (}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10771456 6) indicates that a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10771456 parcel}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10771456  of land is a piece of land which is described in a conveyance and at (7) it states that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10771456 
parcella terrae}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10771456  is a small piece of land. Halsbury, Vol.11 at 689 says that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13856344  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10771456 -
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2980659 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2980659 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2980659 
The descriptions of the parcels in a conveyance should correspond with the description }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9121174 in the contract of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538575 sale;}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9121174  but if the language used in the contract does not describe the land with sufficient clearness that purchaser is entitled to frame a new description}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538575 . 
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13856344 \'85\'85\'85\'85.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538575 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid538575 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538575 
\par It is apparent that a lease may contain one or more parcels i.e. to say lots, portions or pieces of land.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2980659 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538575 
\par In the instant case the lease No. 61206 contained two parcels namely lots 10 & 13.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8796129 The Interpretation Ordinance says that the singular shall include
 the plural unless the context otherwise provides. When S.2 of the A.L.T.O. says that an agricultural holding is a parcel of agricultural land I think that the word }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8796129 parcel}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8796129  includes parcels.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12586123 
 A holding, in relation to land}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8796129 , is that land which is held by the tenants and his holding could consist of a parcel or parcels of land. I doubt if the Ordinance intended to enact that a holding}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16606387  should consist of a single parcel only. A tenancy agreement does not make reference to several holdings as comprising the land
 leased but it may refer to several parcels which comprise the holding to whi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1138338 ch the tenance agreement refers}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16606387 . It seems to me that this is }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13270321 the way in which the A.L.T.O. uses th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11681712 e word holding. Part II of the O}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13270321 
rdinance which deals with security  of tenure contains provisions which indicate that the whole of the land referred to in a tenancy is described as }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13270321 the holding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538575 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13270321 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13270321 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11681712 S. 4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13270321 
(1) provides that where a person is in occupation of an agricultural holding a ten}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11681712 ancy shall be presumed to exist -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13270321  (under certain circums}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11681712 tance). S. 9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13270321 (1) sets out the conditions and covenants implied in a contract of tenancy of an agricultural holding which seems to pre-suppose that }
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13270321 the holding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14881496 
 constitutes the land which is the subject of the tenancy.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13270321 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12586123 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12586123 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 That view is supported by reference to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11681712  S. 9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 (1)}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11681712 (e)(ii)(iii)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 (iv) & (v) which prevent the tenant from assigning }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 the holding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387  without consent; permit the landlord to enter upon }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 the holding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 
, require the tenant to cultivate }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 the holding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387  and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 to yield up }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 the entire holding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387  on the expiration of the tenancy.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387  Nowhere is there a reference to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 
holdings}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387  which might be expected if the lease or tenancy could be comprised of several holdings.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12586123 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 
\par S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11681712  9(i)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 (f) requires the landlord to allow the tenant }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 to enjoy}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 the holding. It does not say holding or holdings.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12005008 Thus it seems that the Ordinance accepts that all the land in the tenancy, no matter how many lots or parcels there are, is embraced by the word }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12005008 holding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13574387 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12005008 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11681712 S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6951014  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11681712 11}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220 (}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12005008 1) speaks of the rent in respect of an agricultural holding.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220 
\par S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6951014  14}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220 (1) states that the instrument of tenancy shall state the rent payable in respect of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220 the holding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220 
 The rent payable would not be in respect of part only of the land and since there can be several }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220 parcels}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220  in a lease the rent must refer to all the parcels. They must be all the parcels in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220 the holding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220 
\par 
\par Part IV covers the powers of an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6951014  Agricultural Tribunal and S. 21}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220 (1) refers throughout to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220 the holding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220 
 in matters referring to compensation relating to a holding, reducing the size of a holding, recovering a holding.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788031 S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6951014  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788031 24 gives power to assess and certify the rent of }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788031 the holding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3151220 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788031 
\par S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6951014  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788031 29 gives power to a tribunal to inspect }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788031 the holding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788031 
\par 
\par S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6951014  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788031 23 enables a tenant to terminate his tenancy and leave }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788031 the holding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788031 
 under certain conditions. If the Ordinance contemplated more than one holding to a tenancy}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3816875  then it would speak of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3816875 the holding/or holdings}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3816875  occupied under the tenancy.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788031 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3816875 
\par S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6951014  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3816875 36 likewise enables the landlord to terminate the tenancy and recover possession of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3816875 the holding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3816875 
 On termination of a tenancy all the land held under it reverts to the landlord. Therefore when Sections 35 and 36 refer to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3816875 holding}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3816875  they must be referring to all the land held under
 the tenancy and although a tenancy may comprise several lots or parcels the Ordinance refers to the land held under the tenancy as }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2189613 the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3816875 holding.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5915080 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3816875 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid264477 
\par Therefore I do not regard a holding as necessarily consisting of only one plot or parcel of land.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6294282 
\par If Mr. Koya}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6294282 s contention were upheld it would open up a way to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15545532 
defeating the provisions of the Ordinance. For example the owner of say 40 acres of agricultural land could split it into 20 plots of 2 acres, giving each one a number and a boundary and lease them all 
to one tenant under a single lease at one rent for the entire area. At the end of his tenancy }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6293987 
the tenant seeking an extension under the Ordinance would be told that he did not have a 40 acre farm but 20 holdings of 2 acres each none of which qualified for an extension.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6294282 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6293987 
\par For the foregoing reasons I regard lots 10 and 13 as forming one agricultural holding.
\par 
\par Mr.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8280800  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6293987 Koya had argued that lot 10 is described in the lease as app}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10892231 
ropriated to provide residential accommodation and could not be agricultural land. Only a small portion of lo
t 10 would be needed for building a house and there is nothing in the lease which says that the rest of it should not be used for agricultural purposes. I also believe D.W.2, Raj Bali, that lot 10 is cultivated as part of a sugar cane farm for 20 years or
 more.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6293987 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7305517 
\par In any even t it is a small part of an area of land which is predominantly agricultural.
\par 
\par As I have pointed out this action was filed about 3 years after tenant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7305517 
s application to the Tribunal was filed. It raises an issue which was currently being decided by the Tribunal and in my view the filing of this action was an abuse of Court process.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4277649 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972487 The plaintiff will pay the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1994380 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972487 s taxed costs on the top scale.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4277649 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6972487 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972487\charrsid6972487 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6972487 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8280800 (S}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972487\charrsid6972487 gd) (J.T. Williams)
\par JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12586123 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972487 
\par LAUTOKA
\par 11th April, 1979.
\par 
\par Messrs. Koya & Co., Counsel for the Plaintiff
\par Messrs. R.D. Patel & Co., Counsel for the Defendant.
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8280800 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6972487 Date of Hearing: 21st February, 1979 & 30th March, 1979
\par }}