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IN THE SUPREME}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  COURT OF FIJI}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 
\par (WESTERN}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  DIVISION)}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 AT LAUTOKA
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\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4923607 Criminal Appeal No. 141 of 1978
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4923607 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4466302 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 BETWEEN
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 (Appella}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13586382 nt}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 )
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4923607 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4466302 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 AND
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4923607 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4466302 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 1. LUKE SISIWA
\par 2. RUSIATE KURINACOBA
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 (Respondents)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Mr. D. Will}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 iams, Counsel for the Appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Mr. A. Kuver, Counsel for the 1st Respondent 2nd Respondent - In Person
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4466302\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4466302 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 JUDGMENT
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 The accuseds Luke Sisiwa and Rusiate Kurinacoba were both charged for the off
ences of rape, defilement of a girl under 16 years and wrongful confinement. All the offences were committed on 29th September, 1977 and against the same female complainant.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13640464\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 The record of the trial is contained in 112 typed sheets a
nd the judgment amounts to 21 pages at the conclusion of which the learned magistrate acquitted both accuseds of the rape charge but convicted them of defilement and of wrongful confinement on 12.7.78.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13640464\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Accused 1, Luke Sisiwa, a well built pugilist, has 15 previous convictions dating from March 1967 for assault causing bodily harm, drunk and disorderly, criminal trespass and larceny. }
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13640464\charrsid4805143 He has been to prison on 4 occa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
sions the two longest terms being 3 months and 4 months. Of him the learned magistrate said the offences of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445604 defilement and wrongful confine}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ment seemed to be isolated incidents in his life.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13640464\charrsid4805143 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 Having regard to A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ccused 1's record it is somewhat, difficul}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  to know w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 h}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 at the magistrate meant by }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 isolated incidents}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 . He sentenced Accused 1, Luke Sisiw}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3416398 , to 18}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  months' imprisonment for the defilement suspended for 2 years, plus a fine of $120 and 4 months }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 impris}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 onment indefault, with 6 months imprisonment for }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 wro}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ngful confinement suspended fo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 r}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  12 mont}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 hs. The learn}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
ed magistrate appears to have ov}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 rloo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 ke}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 d the judgments of this Court to t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 he effect that i}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143  is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 us}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 ua}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 lly inappropriate to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 im}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 pose }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 sus}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 pend}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 d sentences on persons who have se}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 r}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ved of i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 mpr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 isonment.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10095758\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11690642\charrsid4805143 Accused}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  2, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106364\charrsid4805143 
Rusiate, with 5 previous convictions for larceny, assault and defilement received 15 months and 6 months }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3416398\charrsid4805143 immediate}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106364\charrsid4805143 
 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3416398\charrsid4805143 imprisonment}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106364\charrsid4805143 
 concurrently. The only reason for the different sentences appears to be that accused 2 had one previous conviction for defilement.
\par 
\par On 24/7/78 the Crown appeals against those sentences as manifestly lenient and wrong in principle. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3416398\charrsid4805143 Apparently}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106364\charrsid4805143 
 the Crown, at the time of the petition, were not in possession of a copy of the record or judgement because certificate copies thereof were not signed by the magistrate until 8/11/78 which is nearly 4 months after the appeals were filed.
\par 
\par On 8/1/79, Mr. D Williams, Chief Legal Officer, filed a notice of motion requesting leave to appeal against the acquittals on the charges of rape. Mr. Kuver who had appeared for the respondents in the magistrate\rquote 
s court did not appear at the hearing of the motion but indicated that he was not objecting to the application. Leave to appeal out of time was granted to the D.P.P.
\par 
\par The complainant was 13 years and 4 mont}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4985497 hs old at the date of the offenc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106364\charrsid4805143 es which were committed at Keyasi}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4985497 , Sigatoka.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106364\charrsid4805143 
\par 
\par At the material time the complainant was working for a woman called Eva and slept at her house along with 2 other girls Paulina, (P.W.3) and Caroline, (P.W.4). }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3108114\charrsid4805143 They}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106364\charrsid4805143  had seen the two accuseds earlier that evening bit it appears that only the woman Eva spoke to them. The females retired at 10.00 p.m.
\par 
\par Salote, the complainant, said Accused 1, Sisi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6059158\charrsid4805143 w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11106364\charrsid4805143 a, came to the house about 10.30 p.m.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6059158\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4420747\charrsid4805143 and went away then he returned about 2 a.m. and }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6059158\charrsid4805143 threatened}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4420747\charrsid4805143  to knock the door unless it was opened. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 His demands were met and when the door opened Sisiwa grabbed the complainant's hair, pulled her off a companion's bed and pulled her out of the house by her arm.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6107283\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6107283\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 P.W.3, Paulina, confirmed the violent entry of Sisiwa, (Accused 1), and said she ran outside and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6107283\charrsid4805143 
 hid because she was frightened.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445604  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 She heard him say he wanted Salote (complainant).
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6107283\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 P.W.4, (Caroline), confirmed Accused 1's violent entry and saw P.W.3 run out
side. She says she was on a bed with the complainant, Salote, and Accused 1 said he wanted Salote, got hold of Salote's hair and arm and pulled her outside towards the river. She (Caroline), joined P.W.3, (Paulina) outside and said she heard Salote crying
 from the direction of the river.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6107283\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
The complainant, Salote, described how Accused 1 carried her across the river and kept a hand on her mouth. She alleged that she was raped five times on the opposite side of the river, that Accused 1 Sisi}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5980118\charrsid4805143 wa had intercourse with her 3 tim}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
es and Accused 2 Rusiate twice. They alternated. Sometime later they re-crossed the river and she followed them.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5980118\charrsid4805143  On reaching Eva's house she re-joined the girls P.W.' s 3 &}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  4 and with them w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5980118\charrsid4805143 en}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
t to hide at another house, the complainant having told them Sisiwa had threatened to come for them.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5980118\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
P.W.3 said that she saw complainant return and the complainant who was weeping complained that she wanted to sleep; and alleged that the accuseds had slapped her. She observed that complainant was very d
irty and her hair was covered with grass and her face was swollen. P.W.3 stated that she saw both accuseds returning with the complainant.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8000578\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 P.W.4 Caroline confirmed P.W.3's evidence of complainant's distressed condition and that complainant said the accuseds had punched her and told her not to cry.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14293120\charrsid4805143 
\par The second accused Rusiate did not give evidence or call witnesses.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Sisiwa, 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14293120\charrsid4805143 st Accused, denied having inter}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
course with the complainant. He stated that he went to the house and persuaded her to go and join Accused 2 because she was Accused 2's girl friend.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13259818\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
The Crown complains that the learned magistrate's findings of fact in relation to the charges of wrongful confinement and defilement were consistent with a finding of guilt against both }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 accused}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  on the rape charge.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Having found both accuseds guilty on the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 charges of wrongful confinement }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 defilement it follows that the magistrate was satisfied}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143  that both accuseds had sexual}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  intercou}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 se with t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 he complainant. It also follow}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 s that at }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 some}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  stage t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 he complainant had been held against her wi}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ll and since all three charges are par}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 t }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
and par}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 ce}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 l of the same series of incid}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 en}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ts occurring}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 , in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
 the magistrate's judgment between 2.00 a.m. a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3108114 nd }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 8.00 a.m., one may wonder why there was an acquittal for rape and a conviction}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143  for wrongful confinement. I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
 do not mean that the two findings were bound to be inconsistent but in the circumstances t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
e magistrate's findings of fact may well call for careful scrutiny.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 In arriving at his finding of not guilty of rape the learned }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 magist}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 rate said at p.9 of his judgment,
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15890745 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 The circumstances}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 under}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  which P.W.1 was taken a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ay from P.W.5' s house is one of the most import}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 t matter}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  in this case and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
this has to be decided solely on the evidence of P.W.1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  P,W.3 & P.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15890745\charrsid4805143 W}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458337\charrsid4805143 .4.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458337\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 He enlarges on this at}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  p.10 of his judgment stating,
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7623000 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 H}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ence it is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 dou}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 btfu1 }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 at force of the nature all}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 
eged by P.W.1 was actua}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 lly used on P.W.1 to ena}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 ble}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  me to say in the light of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 other evidence that P.W.1 was taken away in such circum}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 stances with the use of that much force that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 gave the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 impression that excessi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 v}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
e force was used to get her out}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143  of the house. Al}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 though I must say that accused 1 }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 was n}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ot justified in going inside the house in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 
this ma}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 nner at that hour of the night.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Durin}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 g}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  that portion of his judgment on the rape char}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 ge}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  the learned magistrate made no findings in respect of the allegat}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 i}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ons that P.W.1 (complainant) was forcibly moved from the house, forcibly carried across the river forcibly subjected to sexual intercourse}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  The lea}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 rned}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  magistrate may be under the impression that the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 u}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 se of force will not substantiate a charge of rape unless it amounts to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 excessive force.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7623000\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 He commented at p.10 of his judgment that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530318\charrsid4805143 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
n her return the complainant did not vociferously and at once complain that she had been raped, but}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530318\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
merely told P.W.'s 3 & 4 to run away because the first accused might come after them, and that all three girls then hid.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530318\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 The magistrate found that the complainant in not at once complaining to P.W.'s 3 & 4 had not behaved as one would expect of a victim who had}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530318\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8071304 been raped 5 ti}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 mes. In certain sets of circumstances there c}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530318\charrsid4805143 ou}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
ld be merit in that comment e.g. where there were no witnesses of events proceeding or connected with the rape. But according to the learned magis
trate P.W.'s 3 & 4 saw Accused 1 come into the house in a violent manner, heard him say he wanted Salote (the complainant), and one or}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530318\charrsid4805143  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 other saw him p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3625247 ull her from the room and one o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
r other heard her crying as he took her away, and they both saw her return with both accuseds and both noted}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530318\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
her distressed condition. One may wonder if the victim would later need to complain to those persons. Such circumstances could speak more loudly than a complaint. The learned magistrate in reviewing}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530318\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 the evidence on the other counts of defilement and wrongful confinement said at p.1}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8595359 8}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ,
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530318\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9530318 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
In the outcome I prefer to accept the testimony of P.W.1, P.W.3 & P.W.4 in respect of the material particular than that of Accused 1 and his witnesses.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9530318\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Although P.W.'s 3 & 4 did not actually see P.W.1 being subjected to forceful sexual intercourse they could have had little doubt concerning the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6431387\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Accused 1's intentions towards the complainant.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3870232  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 No doubt P.W.1 would not regard it as necessary to complain to two girls who had seen her being taken away and who ran into hiding with her when the accused returned.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6431387\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 In my view the learned magistrate in those circumstances over emphasised the absence of an immediate specific vociferous complain.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6431387\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 On p.11 of his judgment immediately following his finding of not guilty of rape the learned magistrate said in relation to th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10317355\charrsid4805143 e other counts,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4551251 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
I find as a fact and am satisfied beyond all reaso}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 nable doubt that on 29th Septem}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
ber 1977, the A.1 went to P.W.5's house at Keyasi at about 2 a.m. and took the P.W.1 out of P.W.5's house by holding her hand. There was }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3870232 some commotion when he did that P.W.3 and P.W}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 .4 did not see exactly how she was taken out.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4923607 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4551251 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 The learned magis}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 
trate did not find that the com}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 plainant voluntarily left the house, but that she was taken from it and he continued,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4551251 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 
The P.W.1 did not scream because of fear and because of the way she was held by Accused 1.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4923607 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4551251 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 The description negatives any suggestion that the complainant voluntarily left the house}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3870232 . It shows that in the magistrate\rquote s view she was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143  taken }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3870232 away by force. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 The accused 1 had entered the house at}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 10 p.m. and after a short while he departed. The magistrate's judgment continues on page}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6437129  1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 1,
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4551251 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
The Accused 1 came again at 2.00 a.m. and was punching the door; after Saiyad opened the door the Accused 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143  came; P. W.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 1 and the other occupants of the house were frightened and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
fled}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  to where Saiyad was sleeping, The P}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 W.1 was 'dragged' out of the house by Accu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 sed 1. Half a chain away from P}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid860132 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 W.5' s house was Accused 2 hiding in the bamboo. Accused 2 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 
joined}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  accused 1 and P.W.1 was carried across the river on the shoulder by accused to the other side of the river}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 .}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4551251\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 That }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13785134\charrsid4805143 passage}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
 indicates the magistrate's finding that P.W.1 was in fact forcibly removed from the house where she was sleeping and forcibly carried to the river. His judgment continues,
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13785134\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14578395 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
She was again dragged across the river where they both had sexual intercourse with her despite resistance from her. She was not given any opportunity to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13785134\charrsid4805143  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 run away; she was overpowered by accused}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13785134\charrsid4805143  1.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13785134\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 I would regard the magistrate's acceptance of that evidence as a clear and deliberate finding of rape by each accused.
\par 
\par The judgment continues,
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13785134\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13785134 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
The P.W.1 was crying and reaching P.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13785134\charrsid4805143 W}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 .5}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13785134\charrsid4805143 
\rquote }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 s house fled from there }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13785134\charrsid4805143 w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
ith P.W.3 & P.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13785134\charrsid4805143 W}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 .4 because they were frightened in case Accused}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13785134\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 1 came again as accused 1 hinted to P.W.1 when being raped.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13785134\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Those words amount to a finding of fact showing the complainant's distressed condition and her continuing fear of the accuseds. Her distressed}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11032838\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 condition is some corroboration of her allegation that she did not consent.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11032838\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 In her evidence in chief the complainant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4988825\charrsid4805143  had said that she warned P.W.\rquote s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  3 & 4 that Accused 1 was going to get them too. P.W.'s }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14578395 3}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
& 4 confirmed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4988825\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 this. Surely that warning was in the nature of a }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4988825\charrsid4805143 c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 omplaint.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4988825\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4923607 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 At p.15 the magistrate said,
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4988825\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15350181 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
I am more than convinced that both Al & A2 acted in concert. The Accused 1's main intention was to get P.W.1 out of P.W.5's house and have sexual intercourse with her.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15350181\charrsid4805143 
 All the evidence that there is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 before me points in that direction.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15350181\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4923607 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 On the same page he says,
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid77788\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid77788 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
Even taking Al's own evidence I find that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid77788\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 he used some}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid77788\charrsid4805143  force to get her out of P.W.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 5' s house.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid77788\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4923607 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid77788\charrsid4805143 At p.l9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
 the magistrate states,
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid77788\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid77788 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 I find as a fact and am s
atisfied beyond all reasonable doubt that after taking P.W.1 across the ri}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15619886 ver both accused 1 and accused 2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
 had unlawful carnal knowledge of P.W.1 who was 13 years 9 months and 23 days at the time. Under }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2456240\charrsid4805143 S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
.150 even if she consented, which I find she did not in the circumstances outlined here}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15619886  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 above, it is no defence.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4923607 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Once again the learned magistrate revealed a distinct finding that there w}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8133027 as an absence of consent on P.W.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 1's part, which of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 course is the very essence of rape.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8133027 n dealing with the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  c}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8133027 harge of wrongful confinement h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 e said at p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ,
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5395263 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 I have no doubt whatever in my}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  mind that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 I do fin}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 d as a fact}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  that Accused 1 with}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143  some force took
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 P.W.1 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 awa}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 y}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  from P.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 W.5'}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 s house and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 then A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ccused }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 1 &}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  Accused 2 both }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 wrongfully confined her}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid282546  and w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 hen they took her across }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 the river and}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  had sexual intercourse with her}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  She}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid282546  was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  pl}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 d by Accused 1 and}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Accus}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 e}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 d }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 2 in such a situation}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  that s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 e could}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 not make a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143  move to get away from the place. The}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11876170 y}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  relea}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 sed her after their sex}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
ual desires were satis}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 fi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7277811\charrsid4805143 .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5395263\charrsid4805143 
\par Those words once again amount to distinct }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 finding of rape }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5395263\charrsid4805143 committed by eac}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 h of the accuseds.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5637723\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 There a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5637723\charrsid4805143 re several}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5637723\charrsid4805143 distinct }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 statements by the ma}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5637723\charrsid4805143 gi}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 strate eac}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5637723\charrsid4805143 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  of }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5637723\charrsid4805143 which }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 amounts to a finding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5637723\charrsid4805143  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 of fa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5637723\charrsid4805143 ct}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8282452\charrsid4805143  which justify a conviction for rape.
\par 
\par Mr. Kuver, for the respondents}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13392462 , argues that the magistrate had}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8282452\charrsid4805143  made two different findings of fact }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5637723\charrsid4805143 in connection with the rape charge. He submits that if the magistrate\rquote s findings of fact which gave rise to the acquittal are correct then the Crown\rquote 
s appeal must fail and he contended that the findings pointing to an acquittal are far stronger }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8282452\charrsid4805143 than those which support a finding of guilt. In my view, Mr. Kuver\rquote 
s approach makes the appellant\rquote s task too simple. The record including the judgement must show that the magistrate\rquote s acquittal cann
ot be justified and that his understanding of what was required to prove the offence of rape was quite erroneous. 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4805143 The essence of the charge of rape is having sexual intercourse with a woman without her consent. For the purposes of the instant proceedings the lack of consent on the complainant\rquote 
s part was allegedly overcome by the use of force. The magistrate therefore had to be satisfied that the act was }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4422823 committed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4805143 
 by force against the complainant\rquote s will. If the complainant could have saved herself by physical resistance to the force offered, or by escaping her }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5461731 aggressors}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4805143  or by giving an alarm by crying for help then her failure to do so would weaken the Crown\rquote 
s case on the issues of an absence of consent. If she put up a token persistence only and then submitted to the acts of intercourse th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3951684 e alleged absence of consent would scarcely be supported.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437397 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 In acquitting on the charge of rape the magistrate did not find t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 ha}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 t no force was used}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
in making her submit but that excessive force was not used to get her out of the house; but at the same time said that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
the Accused 1 was not justified in going inside the house in this manner at that hour of nig}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 ht}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923607 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 . }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 He}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  also stated at p.9 that}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 P.W.3 and P}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 .W.4\rquote s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  evidence was outlined by his relating }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 o the Accused 1}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 \rquote }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 s entry into}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605  the house. His judgment records}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  at p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 
 that P.W.4 saw the Accused 1 ho}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ld the complainant's hand and hair, pull her out of bed and drag her out of the house. Evidently he accept}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 d }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
hat she was tak}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 en away by force and this is con}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 firmed by his finding on the wrongful }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 confinement}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  charge that Accused 1 came at 2.00 a.m. and was punching the door and he dragged
 the complainant out of the house. There is nothing in those findings to indicate that the learned magistrate found that the prosecution had failed to prove that force was used to overcome the P.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 W}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 .1, but to the contrar}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605 y.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1324605\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 He says a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3281608 t p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 .10 }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3281608 that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  the complainant's behaviour on }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3281608\charrsid4805143 r}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3281608 eturn}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3281608\charrsid4805143 ing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
 to the house was not that of a female who had been raped. One wonders why}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3281608  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
he made that comment when he said that on her return she advised P.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3281608 W.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
's 3 & 4 to hide from the first accused and accompanied them to a place of concealment. What reason could they have for hiding? Surely that was the conduct and behaviour of females who were afraid of the accuseds. The Accused 1 is a big man}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 . }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 He is a boxer an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 d had been training with Accus}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ed 2. The complainant, a young girl, was rejoining companions, young girls also, who had seen }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5461731 he}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 r fo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 rcibly}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  removed from the house, from her bed at 2.00 a.m}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
he was in a distressed condition and she wa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 rn}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ed th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 em that}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  Accused 1 may}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 come for them too}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  For the P.W.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 1}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  to complain would have been to state th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 e }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
obvious. Although the learned magistrate found that the complainant was crying on her return to he}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
 companions he made no comment as to whether he regarded this as some corroboration of the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ros}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 cution allegation of an absence of consen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 t.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par 
\par In my vie}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  the learned magistrate did not find one set of facts when acquittin}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 g of rape and another when conv}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 icting of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 d}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 efilement and wrongful}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 confinement. His }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 error}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  lay in failing to apply the facts he found to be prov}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 ed}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  on the wrongful confinement and de}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 filement}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  ch}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 arge}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 s to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3742073 the charge of rape. The}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072814 hree}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
 charges all arose out of the same set of circumstances. The evidence of the prosecution}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3742073  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 witnesses which the learned magistrate
 said that he accepted was not of the kind which could be divided into three tight and separate compartments. My reason for making that statement is that any conviction of rape which amounts to sexual intercourse by force necessarily involves the offence 
of wrongful confinement and charges }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3742073 of }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3742073\charrsid3742073 rap}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid3742073 e}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
 and defilement necessarily involve sexual intercourse. What the magistrate should have done was to avoid arriving at any decision on any of the charges until he had reviewed all the evidence showing which witnesse
s he believed and had recorded all his findings of fact. He correctly reviewed the evidence as a who}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3742073 le and before recording any ver}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
dict he should have followed this up by findings of fact on all the issues raised by all the charges since they were interwoven. Then he should have applied those findings to the charges and decided whether they proved some or none of the charges.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3742073\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 In his judgment he reviewed the evidence and gave reasons for rejecting or accepting it. He saw the witnesses and heard them and the
re has been no submission to suggest that he acted on any wrong principles in deciding where the truth lay. My review of the evidence does not lead me to consider that he accepted evidence which was in any way dubious.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7816584\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 He found unhesitatingly that the com
plainant had been defiled by each accused not just briefly but to the extent that each had gratified his sexual lust. The next issue was whether there was any force used and if so, why was it used. If it was used to detain or wrongfully confine her how wa
s
 the wrongful confinement related to the defilement? The wrongful confinement and defilement although occurring during the same period may not necessarily have provided proof of rape. She could have been wrongfully confined then on being released could ha
ve consented to sexual intercourse, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1922755 or having consented to sex cou}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
ld later have been wrongfully confined. However, the magistrate's emphatic finding of fact was that she was wrongfully confined at a spot to which she was forcibly removed so that the accuseds could have intercourse with her. He found as a fact that she }
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3366193 w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
as forcibly detained and forced to submit to sexual intercourse against her will. There was ample evidence which the magistrate clearly accepted which justified those findings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3366193 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
\par He seriously erred in acquitting the accuseds of rape when his findings demonstrated that they were guilty of rape.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831541\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10572382 S.300}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831541 (1}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 ) (b) C.P.C. does not permit me to send the case back for re-trial on the charge of rape when the accuseds have been acquitted thereof. Nevertheless it is open to me under}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437397  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831541 S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 
.300(1) to reverse the magistrate's decision and replace the acquittal by a conviction. It is an unusual step for an appellate Court to take but in my view it would be unjust to allow the acquittals to stand.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831541\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Accordingly I set aside the a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831541 cquittals on the charge of rape }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 and I substitute convictions therefore as against each accused.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831541\charrsid4805143 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831541 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 (Sgd.) J.T. Williams, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831541 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid10831541 JUDGE.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258893 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 LAUTOKA,
\par 31st January, 1979.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831541\charrsid4805143 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Director of Public Prosecutions for the Appellant }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831541 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Messrs. A. Kuver & Co., for the 1st Respondent }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831541 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 2nd Respondent in Person
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831541 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4923607 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1258893\charrsid4805143 Date of Hearing: 18th January, 1979.
\par }}