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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10511502 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4921349 Criminal Appeal No. 72 of 19}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10511502 78
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798515 Appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10511502 
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\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10511502\charrsid3237813 s/o Yenkanna
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10511502 Respondent
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\par Mr. M. Jennings, Counsel for the Appellant
\par Mr. G.P. Shankar, Counsel for the Respondent
\par 
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10511502 This is an appeal by the D.P.P. against the decision of a magistrate in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180 acquitting}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10511502 
 a motorist on a charge of driving an unlicensed motor vehicle contrary to Section 9 and 85 of the Traffic Ordinance Cap. 152.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 The }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10511502 only evidence was that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 of a police constable who}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10511502  stated that he saw the defendant }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 driving a motor}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10511502 vehicle on the roa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 d }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10511502 and that when he checked i}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 t, it was not licensed.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10511502 
\par The }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4718794 learned magistrate held there was no}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13966074  case to answer.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13966074 
\par Crown counsel referred me to a number of authorities all of which were from other parts of the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4718794 Common}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 we}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13966074 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 lth in which it was consisten}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13966074 t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ly held that the onus of proving that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid480348 his motor vehicle was licensed rested u}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 pon the person }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid480348 charged.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid480348 
\par The issue as to where the case of proof lies in regard to motorists in Fiji was considered in certain of its aspects by Grant J. (as he then was ) in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180 R.}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4718794  }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180 G. R}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4718794 OGERS}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180  }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid480348\charrsid491180  v. R.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid480348  Cr.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11490655  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid480348 
App. 49/73 (Suva), at p.416 of the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 cyclostyled}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11490655  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 Fiji}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid480348  Report s, Vol. I. In that case}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  a motorist w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid480348 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 s charged with driving a heavy motor vehicle when his driving}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 lic}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid480348 ence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  did no}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid480348 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  authorise hi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid480348 m}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  to do so. Evidence to prove that the motor lorry in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid480348 question came within the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  heavy motor vehicles taxation group was }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4544974 tendered}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 
 by reference to the paper }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180 sticker }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180\charrsid10632737 which}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5663893 
 appeared on its windscreen and which no doubt was issued by the Licensing Authority. The Learnt Judge drew attention to the fact that the
 Fiji registration authorities do not issue road licence although the ordinance provides that they should do so. He also pointed out that the licence stickers issued to motorists do not follow any pattern which has been prescribed by legislation showing t
he purpose for which evidence of the existence of a licence.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 
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\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 myself with th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 se}{
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\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 dd some of my own in support}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429\charrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 S.9 of the Ordinance }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429 makes}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  it an of}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429 fence to use }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4718794 as }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429 unlicensed}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  motor vehicl}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429 e on }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 a road.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429\charrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 S.11 d}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429 eals w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ith application for motor v}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 hicle}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 licences which must be made by the owner to a licensing }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 
uthority who s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429 hall}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798515 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 on payment of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429 the prescribed fee, issue to the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11490655  applicant a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  licence in the prescribed form.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798515 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11697429\charrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 The ordinance does not defin}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10181835 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  a v}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10181835 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 hicl}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10181835 e}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  licence; }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11490655 it }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10181835 does no set o}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ut any prescribed form which a vehicle licence must take nor do any of the licensing regula}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10181835 t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ions made under the Ordin}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10181835 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 nc}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10181835 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  give }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10181835 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11490655 
ny indication of the shape, s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ize, colour, or inform}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10181835 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 
tion which sho}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10181835 ul}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 d appear on such a licence.
\par 
\par S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725037  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 14 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5711674 enacts}{
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\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5711674 sticker }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 shall be issued along with }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4718794 a }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 motor vehicle lic}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5711674 ence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 
 and that the licence sticker shall be }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5711674 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ffixed to the windscreen. A licence sticker is not defined by the Ordinance or in any of}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582266  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 the regulations }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582266 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 nd one may well wonder, wh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582266 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 t a licen
ce sticker is, what infor}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582266 mation}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  it should contain }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582266 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 nd for}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582266  what purpose it was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 issued. I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582266 s it a holder to contain}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725037  the actual vehicle}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582266  licence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  thereby }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582266 ena}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 bling the licence }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725037 to be stuck on}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582266  the windscreen? S}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798515 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725037  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 14(2) s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582266 carcely clari}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 fies things by statin}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582266 g that if a licence }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 sticker bec}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15758167 ame}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  discolour}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4074518 , defaced or illegi}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725037 ble tha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4074518 n a duplicate can be obtained}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 
. All we can gather is that it is supposed to be something which has colo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ur}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725037 and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 hic}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 h ha}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 s writing on it. However, the Ordinance does not say what colour it shall b}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 e nor what}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 writing should contain, nor doe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14419731  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 it state that they }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725037 form or contents of a sticker sh}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 ould be such as are prescribed by regulation.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736\charrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 The Tr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8866388 ffic Regulations L.N. 35/74. Pa}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 rt II, deal with }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798515 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 Licensing }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8866388 and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 Re}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 gul}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 tion}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798515 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 
 Regulation 6 states:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13506736 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798515 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 Eve
ry vehicle licence and licence sticker shall be of such size, colour a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 nd sh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 ape }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 and shall contain such p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 rticul}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 rs}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736  as the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  Principal Licensing }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 uthority shall dir}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ct.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798515 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10632737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 
\par Although the Central Traf}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 fic }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 uthority }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725037 which}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  made the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 above}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 regulatio}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ns is }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 empowered }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 to make }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 regulations by virtue of S}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12667123 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725037  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13506736 83 of the Ordinance}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639 
 there is nothing in the Ordinance to sugge}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 st that the Principal Licensing }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639 A}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725037 uth}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 or}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639 ity has}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ny po}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639 we}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 r to make }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639 regulations,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  nor}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639  has the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 Central Traffic Authority po}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639 w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 er to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639 delegate }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12667123 
any autho}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 rity to the Principal Licensing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639  A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 
uthority to make regulations. It may well be that the above}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639  Regulation}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  6 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639 is
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  ultra vir}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639 es the powers}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  of the Central Licensing }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8991639 Authority, and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  if the latter wish to prescribe the form and contents of a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid808406 s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ticker it is probable th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid808406 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 t they must do so }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180\charrsid10632737 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180 emselves}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid808406\charrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 As it h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11799483 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ppens the Prin}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11799483 cipal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  Licensing }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11799483 A}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 uthority h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11799483 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ve not}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11799483  p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 urporte}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11799483 d to ma}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ke }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11799483 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 ny}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11799483  regulation}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  as to the size, colour, shape and contents (or}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8610607 
 particulars) to be set out in a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  licence sticker.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8610607\charrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 A licence to do something may be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  granted or issued orally or it }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 may}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725037  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  in writing. It is }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726\charrsid10632737 obvious}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 that }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726  Ordinance conte}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 mpla}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 tes the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  issue of a written vehicle}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726  licence. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 The fact that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 the written}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  licences }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 are not being issued does not seem tha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 t licences do not exist. An owner must still p
ay the prescribed vehicle licence fee before he is entitled to use his vehicle on }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  road. On the f}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 ace}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  of it he simply r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 eceives}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  oral permission to use his }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 ve}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 hicle and }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 at the same time}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  he is given }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 a piece}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  of p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 aper}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  which h}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  is led to believe is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725037 a }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 licence sticker. The fact that the Licensing Authority }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 hands the piece of paper }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 to him in ret}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 u}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 rn for }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 licence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726  fee}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737  does not }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15299726 cause it to become a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 licence sticker. No one}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10104266  knows wha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 t licence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10104266  sticker is beca}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 use the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10104266 legislature }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13042152 has }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 omitted to inform}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10104266 ed us.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10104266 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 No one knows how vehicle owner}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16591294  can }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 prove }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16591294 
he has paid a licence fee. He may point to a piece of paper stuck to his windscreen and say that that proves he has paid. The piece of paper itself proves nothing. It is not a document which is provided for by the l
aws of Fiji. It would be necessary to call the officer from the Licensing Authority to prove that he had received the licence fee.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6305619  He might recognise the sticker}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16591294  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6305619 as one he issued in return for a fee.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16591294 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6887888 As}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13063976  long ago as 1973, the learned}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907890  Chief Justice drew att
ention to the ineffectiveness of these pieces of paper which are stuck on the windscreen. He referred to them as }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798515 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907890 Licence Sticker}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798515 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907890 , but this was really a matter of convenience. There is as yet. No such document, or thing in Fiji as a licence sticker althou
gh the Ordinance says they shall be issued. Consequently, although the Ordinance says it is an offence not to display a licence sticker, no person can be convicted as yet of such an offence because prescribed licence stickers do not exist.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907890 
\par In}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11557333 order to bring licenc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907890 
e stickers into existence the Ordinance or regulations must set out clearly the purpose of these stickers which }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9653310 we display on our wind}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217300 
screens and what must be written or printed on it. Thus the Ordinance could easily be amended to state that a licence in the form of a licence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6887888 
 sticker shall be issued to the owner; and that it shall state the class of vehicle, its re}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9653310 gistered number, the date of issue and expiry of the licenc}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6887888 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217300  and the fee paid, that the colour may}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3165842  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217300 be varied from year to year and so forth. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6887888 It would also be useful if the O}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3165842 
rdinance enacted that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217300  failure to display a current, i.e. unexpired licence sticker is prima facie proof that the vehicle is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid491180 unlicensed}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217300  and that the onus would be upon the owner to rebut the presumption and prove that his vehicle is licensed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5907890 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217300 
\par Until }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15138892 some }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217300 such a step}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15138892 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217300 
 are taken by the legislature the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6887888 police}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217300  will continue to be unable to prove that a vehicle is u
nlicensed without calling the proper officer from the Licensing Department to give evidence. If the onus were placed upon the motorist to prove that he has licensed }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5455046 
his motor vehicle he could not point to the sticker }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15138892 on his vehicle }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5455046 as proof that he had paid the prescribed fee because the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15138892 sticker proves}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5455046 
 nothing. The motorist would have to summon the person in charge of licensing office or the proper officer therefrom to prove payment of a licence fee. Since the police could do }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15138892 this }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5455046 just as easily as the motorist it is obvious that the onus canno}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15138892 t be cast upon the motorist.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12217300 

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5455046 
\par The appeal of the D.P.P. is dismissed. I strongly suspect that he has brought this appeal to draw attention to the very serious defects in the Ordinance which call for instant remedy.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5455046 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798515 (S}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5455046\charrsid5455046 gd.) J.T. William}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798515 s}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5455046\charrsid5455046 
\par JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10632737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5455046 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6887888 LAUTOKA,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5455046 
\par 4th August, 1978.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10632737\charrsid10632737 
\par }}