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\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388\charrsid1647388 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid476404 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388\charrsid1647388 (WESTERN DIVISION)}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8068771\charrsid1647388 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10434333 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388\charrsid4798067 AT LAUTOKA}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid476404\charrsid4798067 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid476404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333\charrsid4798067 APPELLATE JURISDICTION}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid476404\charrsid4798067 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10434333 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid476404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 Criminal Appeal No. 102 of 1978 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1647388 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1647388 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 BETWEEN}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1647388 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1647388 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388\charrsid1647388 LAUTOKA CITY COUNCIL \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 Appellant \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1647388 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1647388 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 AND}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1647388 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid476404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 1. }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388\charrsid1647388 MOHAMMED JAMAL}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798067 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388\charrsid4798067 s/o Mohammed Kamal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid476404\charrsid4798067 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1647388 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 2. }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388\charrsid1647388 PRAVIN LAL MORARJI}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4798067 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388\charrsid4798067 s/o Morarji \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 Respondents \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8068771 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 \par Mr. S. Prasad, Counsel for the Appellant \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8143295 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388\charrsid8143295 JUDGMENT}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1647388 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8143295 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8143295\charrsid8143295 \par The appellant is the Lautoka City Council who employ health officers for the purposes of the Public Health Ordinance, Cap.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8143295\charrsid8143295 91, and any regulations made there}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6643534 under.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8143295 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6643534 \par The respondent is a mineral water manufacturer and he was charged by the appellant for carrying on an aerated water factory without a per}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 mit issued by the city council.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6643534 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493348 \par The statement of offence reads, \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7022947 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493348 Carrying on and maintaining an aerated water factory in contravention of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 R. 3}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493348 1) of the Public Health (Aerated Water Ice and Ice Cream) Regulations Cap.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493348 91}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 ).}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10493348 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10434333 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 \par The said regulations are found at p.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 4387 of the subsidiary legislation and purport to be made under S.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 40 of the Ord. which is contained in Part IV thereof. Part IV, according to its}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2432140 heading, is concerned with }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2432140 pre}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 mises for the production, manufacture, preparation, storage, distribution, sale or consumption of food.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 S.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 40(11)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 (a) purports to empower the Board of Health to make regulations to control the matters referred to in the said }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 heading to Part IV. Clause (i) -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 (v) of S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 40(11)}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 (a) set out the various operations connected with food-stuffs for the control of which regulations }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1850650 may }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 be made. It is only under S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 40(11)(a)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 (i) that the Board is empowered to make regulations}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid482947 relating to the issue of licences, and it refers to licences }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9777210 for }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9777210 hotels, restaurants, refreshment}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 bars, eating houses, cafe's, refreshment}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9777210 saloons, bars and any other premises in which food or drink are sold or supplied for consumption on the premises.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9777210 Nowhere at all does the clause refer to licences to operate factories for the manufacture, storage or distribution }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid482947 of foodstuffs.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022947 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6904891 \par The Public Health (Aerated Water, Ice & Ice Cream Regulations) purport to be made under S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6904891 40 of the Ordinance. Those regulations refer to the issue of licences for the manufacture of aerated water and Reg.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6904891 3 under which the respondent was charged makes it an offence to manufacture aerated water without being licensed to do so. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15035780 \par Although the Board by S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 40(11)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15035780 (a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11866219 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12602849 ( }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15035780 ii) of the Ordinance may make regulations governing the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15035780 construction, maintenance, decoration, lighting, ventilation, water supply, sanitation and cleanliness of any such premises and any premises used for manufacture of food or drink and for regulati}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10905151 ng the use of any such premises}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10905151 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15035780 that is not the same as creating power to issue licences to manufacture food or drink. If}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9390664 one holds a licence one is still subject to the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1118827 regulations as to construction}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9390664 , lighting sanitation etc. governin g the object for which the licence was issued. If one runs a factory for which no licence is required one is still subject to any regulations which may exist for controlling the factory}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10830852 s mode of operation.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15035780 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10830852 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13466078 It appears to me that the Board has no power to issue licences or permits for the manufacture of food or drink because the Ordinance vests no such power in the Board. }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2515671 Anyone can operate a food or drink factory regardless of licences}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871594 . However, in so doing he must comply with the regulations in regard to hygiene etc. which the Board may lawfully make.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10830852 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871594 \par The learned magistrate upheld a submission by the respondent that the said regulation 3(1) was ultra vires the powers of the Board to make it. It was against that ruling that the city council have appealed. \par \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1908097 For the reasons I have given I respectfully concur with the learned magistrate}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1908097 s view.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4871594 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1908097 \par The appeal is accordingly dismissed. The respondent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1908097 s advocate did not appear and so I make no order as to costs. \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10434333 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1908097 (}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1908097\charrsid5702679 Sgd.) J.T.}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10434333 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1908097\charrsid5702679 Williams \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5702679\charrsid5702679 Judge \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10434333 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1908097 \par Lautoka, \par 7th November, 1978.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1908097\charrsid8143295 \par }}