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\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI_
\par Appellate Jurisdiction}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 Criminal Appeal No. 38 of 1978
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 Between:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 JAFFAR ALI}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 a/o Cheddi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 Appellant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 And:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 REGINAM}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 Respondent
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15879821 Mr. F.M.K. Sherani, Counsel for the Appellant
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 Mr. E.E.J. Cleave, Counsel for the Respondent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 The appellant was convicted for keeping}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 
a hotel without licence }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 contrary to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 section 10(1) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 of}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496  the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15879821 Hotels & Guest Houses Act 27/73,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496  and f}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15879821 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 r }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 keeping }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 a brothel contrary to section 163(a) of the Penal Code. He was jointly }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15879821 convicted with one Asinate Dimis}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 iwaqa, a Fijian woman, who does not appear in this appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15879821\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 He complains that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 there }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 
was no evidence to connect him with the charges.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15879821 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 The charges describe the premises as 65, High Street in each case.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15879821 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 Mr. Sheran}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15879821 i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7691187\charrsid12011496 
, for the appellant argued that the premises were not identified being referred to as 65, Amy Street or 65, High Street or Toorak}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15879821  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 Guest House by different prosecution witnesses and that the magistrate could not really find that the premises concerned were in fact 65, High Street.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15879821\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 65, Amy Street was not referred to by any prosecution witness giving evidence as to the user of the premis}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4465795 
es, but P.W.1 Secretary of the H}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 otel }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4465795 L}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 
icensing Board tendered the appellant's application for a hotel licence at 65, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4465795 Am}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 
y Street which had been refused. P.W.1's evidence made no reference to the address mentioned in the charge and did not identify any particular buil}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4465795 d}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 ing as being the subject of the application by the appellant for a hotel licence. There was therefore no confusion caused by his reference to 65, Amy Street. The}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4465795  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 prosecution witnesses who visited the premises and who gave evidence identifying them referred to them as Toorak Guest House or 65}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4465795 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496  Amy Street.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4465795\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 
P.W.2, an Indian male, who went there for sexual intercourse described them as Toorak Guest House and he was in Toorak Guest House when the police raided it. P.W.4, a special police sergeant an
d P.W.5 a police corporal described the premises they raided as 65, High Street. They saw P.W.2 and a prostitute called Noor Jahan. On that evi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10122772 dence Toorak Guest House and 65,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496  High Street are the same place.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10122772\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 It was also submitted that there was no sufficient evidence to support either charge. In that connec}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10122772 
tion I am bound to say that P.W}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 .5, Corporal Ram's evidence of the observations}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10122772  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 
he maintained on these premises was in itself inadequate to found a charge of keeping a brothel. He kept observations on the premises on 31/1/77, 11/2/77 and 11th and 18th February, 1977 and his evidence demonstrates an ignor
ance of what is required of a policeman keeping such observations. He did not state the periods during which he maintained his watch and although he said he saw prostitutes frequent the premises he did not name them; nor did he state on what days and at w
hat times he saw them enter the premises and whether they were alone or with men and whether the prostitutes eventually emerged alone. He does not state the number of men who entered }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10122772 d}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 uring a period of hours and the number of men who emerged during such periods. There is considerable difference between a convicted pros
titute i.e. a known prostitute and a woman who is suspected of prostitution. Anyone can say that he saw known prostitutes using premises but in my view such loose statements are not satisfactory evidence on which to establish the existence of a brothel.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10122772  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 
It is not necessary to establish that the women are convicted prostitutes if a detailed account of comings and goings shows that cer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10122772 tain women went in and out with}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496  men several times in an eveni
ng or during the course of several evenings. There has to be some detailed evidence from which the court can be satisfied that their behaviour points to prostitution. P.W.5's evidence of his observations only happens to be of value because of the surround
ing circumstances.
\par 
\par When the police party raided the premises on 25/2/77 they were halted by locked iron bar gates and a demand for admission accompanied by}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10122772  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 production o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10122772 f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496  a search warrant was refused.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10122772  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 The police climbed into the premises and discovered P.W.2 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10122772 
and the prostitute, Noor Jahan. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 Although 
P.W.2, said there were other girls on the premises neither of the policemen, P.W.'s 4 or 5, said that there were other known prostitutes on the premises apart from P.W.2's temporary bed-mate.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10122772\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 The evidence pointing to a brothel comes from the Indian male, P.W.2, who says that he went to the premises in December 1976 and again on the night of the police raid.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557940  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 On each occasion he saw the appellant's co-accused, (accused 2), and asked her for a }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557940 woman; the charge was $}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 6.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557940 00}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496  each time which sums he paid to the c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557940 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 -accused}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557940 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496  On the first occasion he had sex with a Fijian girl and on the second occasion with the prostitute N}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557940 oor Jahan.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557940\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 In cross-examination P.W.2 stated that ho saw two other girls on the premises.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557940\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 P.W.2's evidence shows that the premises provide accommodation for, or were used by, more than one prostitute.
\par 
\par Although P.W.2 is the only male shown to have gone there to hire a prostitute P.W.5's evidence shows that other males did enter the pre
mises and in the circumstances of this case that is rather significant evidence. I say this because P.W.'s 2, 4 & 5 reveal that entry is only gained via a locked gate. It is apparent that a visitor has to pause outside a locked gate where he can be scruti
n}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557940 ised a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 
nd he is required to state his business and pay a fee before being admitted beyond the reception area. Persons on lawful business such as police officers were refused admission.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4550787\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 
In my view that, in the light of P.W.2's use of the premises, was sufficient to establish their use as a brothel and that the co-accused, who received money from the client allocated to him the prostitute and the room to be occupied, was engaged in keepin
g it.
\par 
\par With regard to the appellant there is no evidence that he was in the premises at any material time. There is nothing to show that h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10568709 e went there to collect money. H}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 e was not seen by the police until a week after the police raid and he than stated that
 he was the landlord. However, there is nothing to indicate that he is a resident landlord or that he was aware of the use to whi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10568709 ch the premises were being put. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 With respect to the learned magistrate}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10568709  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 
I do not think it could be said that he was keeping a brothel. One cannot keep a brothel without being aware of one's business and there is no proof of mens rea.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10568709\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 If the appellant was to be charged at all on the evidence available I would have expected it to be under S.163(c) which makes it an offence for the la
ndlord to let premises knowing that they are to be used as a brothel. Of course the evidence adduced falls short of proving any offence under }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722 S}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 .163 P.C. against the appellant.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 The evidence of P.W.2 sho}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722 ws}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 
 that he paid $6.00 for a prostitute and he was alloc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722 ated a woman and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 
a room. No doubt the room was incidental to the hire of the woman but for a period of time P.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722 W.2 enjoyed the privacy of the ro}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 
om allocated to him.
\par 
\par It appears to me that the mode of operating the premises was of the kind contemplated in the judgment of the Chief Justice in }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid1445722 GAYA PRASAD }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722\charrsid1445722 & }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid1445722 ASINATE PRASAD v. R.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496  C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722 r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 . Appeal 95/76, reported }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 t p.177 of Vol. I of the stereotyped Fiji Criminal Reports, as amounting to running a hotel.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 For the same kind of reasons given in relation to the count of keeping a brothel I find that the evidence did not provi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722 
de a case for the appellant to ans}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 wer on the charge of keeping a hotel without a licence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 The appeal against both convictions is upheld and the fine if paid will be remitted.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722\charrsid12011496 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 I do not make any order for costs as against the prosecution.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1445722 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid1445722 J.T. Williams
\par JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12011496 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 Suva,
\par 26th August, 1978.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 Messrs. S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1445722 herani & Co., for the Appellant
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12011496\charrsid12011496 Director of Public Prosecutions for the Respondent
\par 
\par Date of Hearing: 27th day of July, 1978.
\par }}