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\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4602025 IN }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 
\par }{\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 Appellate Jurisdiction}{\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 CIVIL APPEAL NO. 1 OF 1978
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 IN THE MATTER OF THE TRADE UNIONS ACT CAP. 80}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 PART III SECTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 nd
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 IN THE MATTER OF AN APPEAL BY FIJI }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 WATERSIDE WORKERS}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4602025 &}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765  SEAMEN'S UNION F}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 ROM A DECISION }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 OF THE}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 REGISTRAR OF}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765  TRADE UNIONS}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 This }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 is an appeal under section 16 of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 
 the Trade Unions Act from the decision of the Registrar of Trade Unions made on the 12th December, 1977 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 cancelling the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 
registration o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765  the Waterside Workers and Seamen}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 s Union }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4602025 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 hereinafter referred to as }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 the Union}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 ).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 There are three grounds of appeal:
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid8798250 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4602025 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 1.\tab }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 That due to the fact that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 (1)}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 Books of accounts of the said Union ha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 d been seized by the Police and}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 (2)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 
Because of a Prosecution under the Trade Disputes Act against the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 executive of the said Union and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 (3)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 the Hearing o}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 f Arbitration proceedings}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 
made it impossible for the Union to comply with the Request of Registrar of Trade Union dated the 22nd day of July, 1977 to supply detailed accounts in respect of the period covering the 1st day}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765  of}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765  June, 1976 to the 20th day o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765  July, 1977.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 2.\tab That the Registrar of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 
 Trade Unions was biased in cancelling the registration of the Appellant Union.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765\charrsid11565765 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 3.\tab That the Registrar and
/or the Advisory Committee did not give a hearing to the Appellant Union before cancelling the registration hence there has been a breach of natural justice.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11565765 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid11565765 After the Registrar of Trade Unions gave evidence Mr. Parmanandam counsel for the Union abandoned the second ground of appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1508555 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8798250 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 An affidavit was filed in support of the appeal sworn by Manueli Vasea who at all relevant times, }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16674842 un}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 ti}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 l}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 
 the registration of the Union was cancelled, was the treasurer of the Union. An affidavit in reply was filed by Mr. D.F. Godfrey, the Registrar of Trade Unions. An opportunity was given to both parties to call witnesses to give evidence in respect }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154  matters which the affidavits indicated were in dispute. Both Mr. Vasea and Mr. Godfrey were called as witnesses and gave evide
nce. The Union also called Apisai Ver}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16674842 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 
 the secretary of the Union before it was deregistered. His evidence related entirely to the second ground of appeal which was abandoned.
\par 
\par Mr. Godfrey}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 s affidavit discloses in some detail the events leading up to the cancellation of the Union}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 s registration.
\par 
\par The Union}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 
s financial statement for year ending the 31st December 1976 was lodged with the Registrar on the 9th May, 1977 although it should have been lodged by the 30th April, 1977.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 The secretary of the Union in h
is affidavit stated the financial statement was submitted to the Registrar by the 30th April, 1977 as required by law. This was a false statement which in evidence given to the Court the secretary admitted was an error on his part.
\par 
\par On the 14th June 1977 the Registrar wrote to the secretary of the Union requesting details of certain items of expenditure.
\par 
\par The financial statement for 1976 disclosed a total income of $106,363 and expenditure of $94,353. Under section 50(2) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 
 the Trade Unions Act the only purposes for which union funds may be utilised are specified. The Registrar requested information on five matters:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8798250 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 1.\tab Benefits paid to members\tab }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 $13,795;

\par 2.\tab Salaries and wages;
\par 3.\tab Travelling }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 \tab \tab \tab }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 $15,423;
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 4.\tab Allowances office bearers\tab }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 $14,486;
\par 5.\tab General and office expenses}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 \tab }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 $6,778.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8798250 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid6769154 
\par No written or verbal reply was received by the Registrar to his letter.
\par 
\par On the 22nd July, 1977 the Registrar pursuant to section 57(1) of the Act wrote to the treasurer of the Union specifying the detailed accounts he required and the manner in which they were to be vouched.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061 To this letter the treasurer replied on the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16674842 2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061 
7th July, 1977 requesting an extension of time to provide the information required. Mr. Godfrey replied to this letter on the same day pointing out that the period }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 of}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061  seven days within which to comply with his}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061 
request was the period stipulated in the Act (Section 57(1)). On the 5th August, 1977, when the treasurer had not}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061 
complied with the Registrar}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061 s reques
t, he wrote to the secretary of the Union informing him that in exercise of the powers conferred on the Registrar by section 55(2) o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 f}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061  the Act the Registrar would call at the secretary}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061 
s office at 8.30 a.m. on Monday 8th August, 1977 to inspect the minutes relating to financial matters and other documents which the Registrar specified in his letter.
\par 
\par When the Registrar attended at the Union}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061 
s office at the time and date specified in his letter none of the officers of the Union were present and the books and accounts were not made available to him.
\par 
\par On the 9th August, 1977 the Registrar wrote to the treasurer warning him of the consequences of non-compliance with the Trade Unions Act. This letter warned the treasurer that if he was unable within seven days to 
satisfy the Registrar upon the matters requested in correspondence the Registrar would have no alternative but to give notice of his intention to suspend registration of the Union. A similar letter had been sent to the secretary the previous day.
\par 
\par The letter }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061 
 the 9th August, 1977 brought a response. On the 16th August, 1977 the treasurer called to see the Registrar. At this meeting the Registrar recorded a statement taken from the treasurer which was read back to him and which he also read and which he si
gned.
\par 
\par The existence of this statement appears to have surprised Mr. Parmanandam. Because Mr. Godfrey}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061 
s affidavit was only filed shortly before the date originally fixed for hearing the appeal I granted an adjournment to allow Mr. Parmanandam to consult the treasurer who on that day was said to be away from Viti Levu.
\par 
\par At the hearing the treasurer contended he had been forced to make and sign the statement by a threat from the Registrar to prosecute him if he did not sign. I am satisfied from hearing the treasurer and Mr. Godfrey that the treasurer}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061 s story }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 of}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061  threats and compulsion is a fabrication. Mr. Godfrey made no threats and I am satisfied that the treasurer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8798250\charrsid15760061 s statement was voluntary and factual.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
\par I set out in full the statement made by the treasurer because it discloses how the Union was managed.
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 Manueli Vasea stated:-
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
I do not maintain a cash book. This is written up at the end of the year by me, the Secretary and the Auditors. I do not normally have the cheque book.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874028  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 It is not normally in my custody but in that o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243 f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
 the Secretary, Mr. Apisai Vere. He makes the cheques out and I cosign them. They are written out before I sign them. The vouchers are signed by the recipient - I don}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 t see all the vouchers. I saw some of the vouchers.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874028  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 I don}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 t have all the vouchers for this year.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874028  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 If receipts are obtained there are no vouchers. If there are not vouchers we have got the receipts there, and then vouchers are made at the end of the year to attach to the receipts.

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 My responsibil
ity as Treasurer was changed at a Committee meeting in 1975. The Secretary has the cheque book and the receipts. Sometimes I receive the receipts from him, and sometimes he keeps them. He has got some relating to January - July 1977. I think he has some r
elating to 1976. Mine were taken by the Police.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
There are no committee approvals of expenditure, because this was all set down in a guideline. This was minuted in a Committee Meeting in 1975, amended in 1976.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 I saw the accountants whilst the court case was on.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 I can be sacked at any time by the Union. I am paid $60 per week.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 The men will only listen to Veitata, and any objections made to payments would be ignored. Whatever Veitata and }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243 Apisai }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 Vere wants will be paid.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 As regards the bank statements some are with the Police, some are with me, and some are with Vere.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 I think there is $3,000 in the Bank at the present time.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 The}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874028 re was a general meeting today 1}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 6th August, 1977. The men asked that asked that a petition be sent to the Registrar of Trade Union to stop any further action.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid724243 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243\charrsid16001662 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16528014 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 The statement discloses also that there was non-compliance with the Trade Unions (A}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13068464 ccounts) Regulations. Although }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 the treasurer had held offi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13068464 
ce since 1975 and was paid $60 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288  week he admitted he was not aware of the Regulations and no one had drawn his attention to them.
\par 
\par On the 9th August, 1977 the Registrar had referred the matter to the Trade Unions Advisory Committee which recommended that the Registrar give the Union one month}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 s notice of intention to suspend its registration
 pursuant to section 14(3) of the Act. This notice was advertised in the Fiji Royal Gazette on the 19th August, 1977 and on the same day it was served on the treasurer. The President of the Union was served with the notice on the 25th August, 1977.
\par 
\par The Union did nothing until the 19th September, 1977 when a letter incorrectly dated 19th October, 1977 from the treasurer was received requesting an extension of three days. This request the Registrar refused.
\par 
\par The treasurer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 s letter stated that the reason for the extension was because the Police had seized the Union}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 s books and documents. He referred also to the fact that the Union}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 s auditors had obtained some details from the police but not all details required.
\par 
\par It is pertinent to refer to the auditors, Messrs. Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and Company}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 
s letter to the treasurer dated the 20th September, 1977. In this letter the auditors stated:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16528014 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 
Our examination of the record produced to us revealed that there are insufficient records to enable us to compile the accounts for 6 months ended 30th June 197}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014 7"}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16528014 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13068464 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 We refer to our Mr. Sam Prasad}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 s discussions with you on 25th August, 1977 and several}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014  telephone conversations since t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 hen we have received no co-operation from you.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16528014 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 
\par This letter clearly indicates that not only was the treas}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014 urer unco-operative with the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288  Union}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 s auditors but also that the financ}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13068464 ial records of the Union were no}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 t in a state from which the auditors could compile accounts.
\par 
\par On the 20th September, 1977 acting on the advice of the Trade Union}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16528014\charrsid11154288 
s Advisory Committee the Registrar made an order suspending the registration of the Union on the grounds set out in sections 14(3)(b) and (f) of the Act.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid724243 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16476888 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 These grounds which were specified in the notice}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888  
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 are:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16476888 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 (i)\tab The offic
ers of the Trade Union have persistently and wilfully failed to comply with the provisions of the Act.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16476888 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16476888 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888 (ii)\tab }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 
The accounts of the Trade Union are not being kept in accordance with the provisions of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 the said Act.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16476888 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 
\par This notice of suspension was served on the 
President and Secretary of the Union on 22nd September, 1977. At no time, up to and including the date of hearing of the appeal on 2nd March, 1978, has the Registrar received any of the details and information he first sought by letter dated 14th June 197
7
. In answer to a question from the Court the treasurer stated if he was given two or three days more time he could furnish the information requested. It is perfectly obvious to me from his admission that he only writes up his cash book at the end of the y
e
ar that he could furnish the information within a further two or three days was a pious hope unlikely to be realised. Most of the Union executive were imprisoned as a result of being convicted of offences under the Act but they were released from prison a
bout the 11th November, 1977 one month before registration of the Union was cancelled}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 
on the 12th December 1977. There is no evidence that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 any of the executive did anything at all to comply with}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 the Registrar}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 s request.
\par 
\par The treasurer did not go to prison. Between the 14th June 1977 and the date when the Union}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 
s registration was cancelled he had close on six months within which to furnish the information requested. The information was never furnished to the Registrar.
\par 
\par One month}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888\charrsid474440 s due notice under section 14
(4) of the Act was given by the Registrar to the Union of intention to suspend its registration. Under section 14(5) the Union had one month within which to show cause in writing against the proposal to suspend its registration. The Union did not show cau
se. Had it done so the Registrar may then have held an enquiry. There was no obligation to hold any enquiry before suspending registration.
\par 
\par The proviso to section 14(1) of the Act makes it mandatory for the Registrar where he has suspended registration either to restore or cancel the registration within four months from the date of such suspension.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476888 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111977 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 On the 12th December, 1977 well within the period of four months the Registrar, again with the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977 pri}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 
or advice of the Trade Unions Advisory Committee, made an order cancelling the registration of the Union. Notice of the order of cancellation was published in the Fiji Royal Gazette on the 16th December, 1977.
\par 
\par The foregoing relates the action taken by the Registrar. I turn now to consider the grounds of appeal.
\par 
\par No objection was raised to any procedural action taken by the Registrar. Indeed there could be no objection as the Registrar acted throughout in strict compliance with the requirements of the Act.
\par 
\par It is clear that had the Union made any effort to meet his requests the Registrar would have been sympathetic and understanding. I view his abortive efforts to obtain and peruse the books himself as an effort to obtain the information he had requested app
reciating that the Union either could not or would not comply with his request. Nor was any objection raised as to the validity }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid618054 of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 
 the grounds for suspension and cancellation specified in the notice of suspension or cancellation.
\par 
\par The first ground of appeal states the reasons given by the Union as to why it was impossible}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 for it to comply with the Registrar}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 s request dated 22nd July,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 1977 in respect o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977 f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 
 the period 1st June, 1976 to 20th July, 1977. The Registrar}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 s letter refers to period 1st January 1976 to 
20th July, 1977. There is no mention in this ground of appeal of the request of 14th June, 1977 presumably, because the Registrar did not purport to seek the information pursuant to any of the provisions of the Act.
\par 
\par Both in the treasurer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 s affidavit and in the first ground of appeal it is made to appear that the police had seized the Union}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 
s books of account which would include the cash book which, if properly maintained, could have provided the information the Registrar required.
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13700252 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 It was disclosed by Mr. 
Godfrey at the hearing that the police did not have the cash book. He stated that when he interviewed the treasurer he the Registrar wanted to know the whereabouts of the cash book. The treasurer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 s answer as appears in his statement was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13700252  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 I do not maintain a cash book}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977 ".}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13700252  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 This is written up at the end of the year by me the secretary and the auditors.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6111977 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977\charrsid1640568 
\par The treasurer did not disclose the present whereabouts of the cash book, if it in fact existed. His affidavit and the first ground of appeal was misleading.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11565765 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111977 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2952063 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid6910144 The facts do not support the appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid6910144 s contention that it was impossible for the Union to comply with the Registrar}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid6910144 s request for the reasons stated in the treasurer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid6910144 
s affidavit and urged by Mr. Parmanandam. The treasurer was not imprisoned and the members o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid6910144 
 the executive were released from prison a month before the Union}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid6910144 
s registration was cancelled. What the facts do disclose is either deliberate refusal to comply with the request or sheer inability to comply because o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 f}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid6910144 
 failure to properly maintain proper books of account and records. I believe the latter reason is the correct one. The journal held by the police had only been entered up to March 1976 more than a year before the prosecutio
n of the Union executive was instituted. The Union has not given any acceptable excuse o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 r reason why this Court should i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid6910144 
nterfere with the Registrar}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid6910144 s order cancelling the registration of the Union. The first ground accordingly fails.
\par 
\par The last ground can be disposed of very shortly.
\par 
\par Mr. Parmanandam argued that there should have been an enquiry by the Registrar before he cancelled the registration. There is no merit in this argument.
\par 
\par When the Union was given notice of intention to suspend it had a month within which to show cause against the suspension. Had it done so the Registrar may then have held an enquiry. He was not obliged to hold an enquiry particularly where cause against su
s
pension had not been shown by the Union or to give the Union a hearing. Within four months after suspension he was legally obliged to cancel or restore the registration. He had valid and ample grounds for cancellation. He was not obliged to give the Union
 
any hearing or carry out an enquiry after suspension and before cancellation. There was no breach of natural justice nor was the Trade Unions Advisory Committee which I assume is the Committee referred to in the third ground in any way concerned about an 
enquiry when it tenders advice to the Registrar. The third ground also fails.
\par 
\par The appeal is dismissed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid6910144 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2952063 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid8923549 R.G. Kermode
\par JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2952063 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2952063\charrsid6910144 
\par Suva,
\par 15th March, 1978.
\par }}